WO2012105639A1 - ガス検知装置およびガス検知方法 - Google Patents

ガス検知装置およびガス検知方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012105639A1
WO2012105639A1 PCT/JP2012/052349 JP2012052349W WO2012105639A1 WO 2012105639 A1 WO2012105639 A1 WO 2012105639A1 JP 2012052349 W JP2012052349 W JP 2012052349W WO 2012105639 A1 WO2012105639 A1 WO 2012105639A1
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Prior art keywords
layer
gas detection
heater layer
temperature
heater
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PCT/JP2012/052349
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English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
岡村　誠
鈴木　卓弥
賢彦 前田
大西　久男
敏郎 中山
篤 野中
崇 中島
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富士電機株式会社
大阪瓦斯株式会社
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Priority to JP2012555949A priority Critical patent/JP5319027B2/ja
Publication of WO2012105639A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012105639A1/ja

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance
    • G01N27/04—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance
    • G01N27/12—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance of a solid body in dependence upon absorption of a fluid; of a solid body in dependence upon reaction with a fluid, for detecting components in the fluid

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a gas detection device and a gas detection method for detecting gas using a sensor element having a gas detection layer whose electrical characteristics change by contact with gas and a heater layer capable of heating the gas detection layer. About.
  • a gas sensor is used in a gas detection device or the like, and a specific gas such as CO (carbon monoxide), CH 4 (methane gas), C 3 H 8 (propane gas), CH 3 OH (methanol vapor). ) And the like.
  • a specific gas such as CO (carbon monoxide), CH 4 (methane gas), C 3 H 8 (propane gas), CH 3 OH (methanol vapor).
  • CO carbon monoxide
  • CH 4 methane gas
  • C 3 H 8 propane gas
  • CH 3 OH methanol vapor
  • the catalytic combustion type or semiconductor type gas sensor detects gas in a state heated to a high temperature of 400 ° C. to 500 ° C. Therefore, it is necessary to consume a large amount of power in order to maintain a high temperature state, which is a problem in reducing the power consumption of the gas sensor.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses a thin film gas sensor 1 that is intermittently driven.
  • a Si substrate 2 is provided, and the Si substrate 2 is provided with a through hole 2a.
  • a heat insulating support layer 3 is disposed on the entire Si substrate 2 so as to cover the opening of the through hole 2a.
  • a thermal oxidation SiO 2 layer 3a is disposed on the entire Si substrate 2
  • a CVD-Si 3 N 4 layer 3b is disposed on the entire thermal oxidation SiO 2 layer 3a
  • CVD is performed.
  • a CVD-SiO 2 layer 3c is disposed on the entire -Si 3 N 4 layer 3b.
  • a heater layer 4 is disposed at the center on the heat insulating support layer 3, and an electric insulating layer 5 is disposed so as to cover the entire heat insulating support layer 3 and the heater layer 4.
  • a gas detection layer 6 is disposed at the center on the electrical insulating layer 5.
  • a pair of bonding layers 6 a are disposed at the center of the electrical insulating layer 5, and a sensing layer electrode 6 b is disposed on each of the pair of bonding layers 6 a, and a pair of sensing layer electrodes.
  • a sensing layer 6c is disposed on the electrical insulating layer 5 so as to connect the 6b.
  • a selective combustion layer 6d is disposed on the electrical insulating layer 5 so as to cover the sensing layer electrode 6b and the sensing layer 6c. Therefore, the thin film gas sensor of Patent Document 1 is excellent in high heat insulation and low heat capacity due to a diaphragm structure using a microfabrication process.
  • the temperature of the heater layer 4 is set to a high temperature of 400 ° C. to 500 ° C. as such, energized by applying a voltage to the predetermined time the heater layer 4 of 50ms ⁇ 500ms (High state), measuring the resistance value of the sensing layer 6c by the sensing layer electrode 6b, CH 4 from a change in the resistance value, C and it detects the flammable gas concentration, such as 3 H 8.
  • reducing gases such as CO and H 2 (hydrogen) and other miscellaneous gases are burned to select an inflammable gas such as inert CH 4 and C 3 H 8.
  • an inflammable gas such as inert CH 4 and C 3 H 8.
  • the concentration of combustible gas such as CH 4 and C 3 H 8 generated at the time of gas leakage is detected.
  • a state where the heater layer 4 is not energized without applying a voltage (off state) is set for a certain period of time.
  • Such intermittent driving is called High-Off driving, and the High state and the Off state are repeated at a predetermined cycle (for example, a cycle of 60 seconds).
  • a voltage is applied to the heater layer 4 for a certain period of time of 50 ms to 500 ms so that the temperature of the heater layer 4 is once set to a high temperature state of 400 ° C. to 500 ° C.
  • a voltage is applied so that the temperature of the heater layer 4 is lowered to a low temperature state of about 100 ° C. (Low state).
  • CO is detected.
  • a state where the heater layer 4 is not energized without applying a voltage is set for a certain period of time.
  • Such intermittent driving is called high-low-off driving, and the high state, the low state, and the off state are repeated at a predetermined cycle (for example, a cycle of 150 seconds).
  • the thin film gas sensor 1 is easily affected by ambient temperature and humidity.
  • the entire thin film gas sensor 1 including the gas detection layer 6 may be condensed.
  • the resistance of each element in the thin film gas sensor 1 is greatly reduced, and there is a possibility that a gas leak alarm is erroneously issued.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a gas detection device and a gas detection method that prevent erroneous detection and enable highly accurate gas detection.
  • one aspect of the gas detection device of the present invention includes a sensor element having a gas detection layer whose electrical characteristics change by contact with a gas, and a heater layer capable of heating the gas detection layer; In order to heat the gas detection layer, a heater control unit that intermittently applies a voltage to the heater layer at a predetermined cycle and energizes for a predetermined energization time; and electricity of the gas detection layer heated by the heater layer
  • a gas detection device comprising a gas detection unit for detecting gas based on a characteristic, wherein a dew condensation detection unit for detecting dew condensation on the gas detection layer is provided, and the dew condensation detection unit is provided on the gas detection layer.
  • the energization time to the heater layer is set longer than the predetermined energization time, or the cycle for energizing the heater layer is controlled to be shorter than the predetermined cycle.
  • one aspect of the gas detection device of the present invention is configured as follows. (1) The dew condensation detection unit measures the temperature of the heater layer that is constant within the predetermined energization time, and the gas detection is performed when the measured temperature of the heater layer is equal to or lower than a predetermined temperature. (2) The dew condensation detection unit measures the temperature of the heater layer at a predetermined time within the predetermined energization time, and the measured heater layer When the temperature responsiveness, which is the ratio between the temperature and the heating target temperature of the heater layer, is equal to or less than a predetermined ratio, dew condensation on the gas detection layer is detected.
  • the dew condensation detection unit is configured to measure the resistance value of the heater layer, and the resistance value of the heater layer measured within the predetermined time and the resistance of the heater layer determined in advance. It is preferable that the temperature of the heater layer is measured by calculating the temperature of the heater layer from the temperature coefficient, the reference temperature, and the resistance value of the heater layer at the reference temperature.
  • another aspect of the gas detection device of the present invention includes a gas detection layer whose electrical characteristics change by contact with gas, and a heater layer capable of heating the gas detection layer.
  • a heater controller that intermittently applies a voltage to the heater layer at a predetermined cycle and energizes the heater layer for a predetermined energization time, and the gas heated by the heater layer
  • a gas detection device including a gas detection unit configured to detect a gas based on an electrical characteristic of the detection layer, wherein moisture remaining in the gas detection layer after the heating of the gas detection layer by the heater layer is detected.
  • the energization time to the heater layer is made longer than the predetermined energization time, or the heater layer It has a configuration which controls the period of electricity to be shorter than the predetermined period.
  • the moisture detection unit measures the temperature of the heater layer at a predetermined time within the predetermined energization time, and is a temperature responsiveness that is a ratio between the measured temperature of the heater layer and the heating target temperature of the heater layer. Is configured to detect moisture remaining in the gas detection layer when the ratio is equal to or less than a predetermined ratio.
  • the moisture detection unit is configured to measure the resistance value of the heater layer, and the resistance value of the heater layer measured within the predetermined time and the resistance of the heater layer determined in advance. It is preferable that the temperature of the heater layer is measured by calculating the temperature of the heater layer from the temperature coefficient, the reference temperature, and the resistance value of the heater layer at the reference temperature.
  • one aspect of the gas detection method of the present invention uses a sensor element having a gas detection layer whose electrical characteristics change by contact with a gas, and a heater layer capable of heating the gas detection layer.
  • a gas for detecting a gas based on the electrical characteristics of the gas detection layer in a state where the gas detection layer is heated by applying a voltage intermittently to the heater layer at a predetermined cycle and energizing the heater layer for a predetermined energization time.
  • the step of detecting dew condensation on the gas detection layer includes the step of measuring the temperature of the heater layer that has become constant within the predetermined energization time, and the measured temperature of the heater layer is not more than a predetermined temperature.
  • the step of detecting dew condensation on the gas detection layer includes the step of measuring the temperature of the heater layer at a predetermined time when the temperature of the heater layer is within the predetermined energization time, and the measured temperature of the heater layer And detecting the dew condensation on the gas detection layer when the temperature responsiveness, which is the ratio of the heater layer to the heating target temperature, is equal to or less than a predetermined ratio.
  • the step of measuring the temperature of the heater layer includes the step of measuring the resistance value of the heater layer in an energized state, the measured resistance value of the heater layer, and the resistance temperature of the heater layer determined in advance. And calculating a temperature of the heater layer from a coefficient, a reference temperature, and a resistance value of the heater layer at the reference temperature.
  • another aspect of the gas detection method of the present invention includes a gas detection layer whose electrical characteristics are changed by contact with gas, and a heater layer capable of heating the gas detection layer.
  • gas is applied based on the electrical characteristics of the gas detection layer while the gas detection layer is heated by intermittently applying a voltage to the heater layer at a predetermined cycle and energizing the heater layer for a predetermined energization time.
  • a step of detecting moisture remaining in the gas detection layer after heating of the gas detection layer by the heater layer, and when detecting moisture remaining in the gas detection layer, to the heater layer A period of energizing the heater layer longer than the predetermined energizing time, or a period of energizing the heater layer shorter than the predetermined period.
  • the step of detecting moisture remaining in the gas detection layer includes the step of measuring the temperature of the heater layer at a predetermined time when the temperature of the heater layer within the predetermined energization time, and the measured temperature of the heater layer, And detecting moisture remaining in the gas detection layer when a temperature responsiveness, which is a ratio of the heater layer to a heating target temperature, is equal to or less than a predetermined ratio.
  • the step of measuring the temperature of the heater layer includes the step of measuring the resistance value of the heater layer within the predetermined time, the measured resistance value of the heater layer, and the heater layer previously determined. It is preferable to include a step of calculating a temperature of the heater layer from a resistance temperature coefficient, a reference temperature, and a resistance value of the heater layer at the reference temperature.
  • the gas detection device of the present invention includes a sensor element having a gas detection layer, a heater layer capable of heating the gas detection layer, the electrical characteristics of which change by contact with gas, and a heater layer capable of heating the gas detection layer.
  • a gas detection device comprising a gas detection unit, wherein a dew condensation detection unit for detecting dew condensation on the gas detection layer is provided, and when the dew condensation detection unit detects dew condensation on the gas detection layer, the heater layer
  • the energizing time is set to be longer than the predetermined energizing time, or the period for energizing the heater layer is controlled to be shorter than the predetermined period.
  • the time for heating the gas detection layer is increased by increasing the energization time to the heater layer within a certain time period before the dew condensation detection. Therefore, the moisture adhering to the sensor element due to condensation is sufficiently evaporated at an early stage, so that the sensor element can be quickly restored from a condensed state to a normal state. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the erroneous detection and improve the accuracy of gas detection while reducing the power consumption by intermittently applying the voltage to the heater layer.
  • the dew condensation detection unit measures the temperature of the heater layer that is constant within the predetermined energization time, and the gas detection is performed when the measured temperature of the heater layer is equal to or lower than a predetermined temperature. Configured to detect dew condensation in the layer, or (2) The dew condensation detection unit measures the temperature of the heater layer at a predetermined time within the predetermined energization time, and is a ratio between the measured temperature of the heater layer and the heating target temperature of the heater layer. When the temperature responsiveness is equal to or lower than a predetermined ratio, the gas detection layer is configured to detect dew condensation.
  • the dew condensation detection unit is configured to measure the resistance value of the heater layer, and the resistance value of the heater layer measured within the predetermined time and the resistance of the heater layer determined in advance.
  • the temperature of the heater layer is measured by calculating the temperature of the heater layer from the temperature coefficient, the reference temperature, and the resistance value of the heater layer at the reference temperature. Therefore, a dew condensation sensor or a temperature sensor for detecting dew condensation becomes unnecessary, and the sensor element and the gas detection device maintain the compact structure that is easy to install without increasing the size due to an increase in the number of parts, and the heater layer. It is possible to increase the accuracy of gas detection by reducing the power consumption by intermittently applying the voltage to the power source and preventing erroneous detection.
  • the gas detection device of the present invention includes a sensor element having a gas detection layer, a heater layer capable of heating the gas detection layer, the electrical characteristics of which change by contact with gas, and a heater layer capable of heating the gas detection layer.
  • a gas detection device comprising a gas detection unit, wherein a moisture detection unit for detecting moisture remaining in the gas detection layer after heating of the gas detection layer by the heater layer is provided; When moisture remaining in the gas detection layer is detected, the energization time to the heater layer is made longer than the predetermined energization time, or the cycle for energizing the heater layer is made shorter than the predetermined cycle. And it has a Gosuru configuration.
  • the time for heating the gas detection layer is increased by increasing the energization time to the heater layer within a certain period of time compared to before detecting excess moisture. Accordingly, the excess water adhering to the sensor element is sufficiently evaporated at an early stage, and the sensor element can be quickly returned to a normal state in response to a high humidity environment in which the excess moisture adheres. Therefore, it is possible to prevent erroneous detection and improve the accuracy of gas detection while reducing the power consumption by intermittently applying the voltage to the heater layer.
  • the moisture detection unit measures the temperature of the heater layer at a predetermined time within the predetermined energization time, and is a temperature responsiveness that is a ratio between the measured temperature of the heater layer and the heating target temperature of the heater layer. Is configured to detect moisture remaining in the gas detection layer when the ratio is equal to or less than a predetermined ratio. Further, the moisture detection unit is configured to measure the resistance value of the heater layer, and the resistance value of the heater layer measured within the predetermined time and the resistance of the heater layer determined in advance.
  • the temperature of the heater layer is measured by calculating the temperature of the heater layer from the temperature coefficient, the reference temperature, and the resistance value of the heater layer at the reference temperature. Therefore, since the excess moisture is detected by measuring the resistance value of the heater layer and measuring the temperature of the heater layer, a moisture sensor or a temperature sensor for detecting excess moisture is not necessary,
  • the sensor element and the gas detector are designed to reduce power consumption by intermittently applying voltage to the heater layer while maintaining a compact structure that is easy to install without increasing the size due to an increase in the number of parts. And it can prevent false detection and improve the accuracy of gas detection.
  • the gas detection method of the present invention uses a sensor element having a gas detection layer whose electrical characteristics are changed by contact with gas and a heater layer capable of heating the gas detection layer, and the heater layer has a predetermined cycle.
  • the gas detection layer In a gas detection method for detecting a gas based on electrical characteristics of the gas detection layer in a state where the gas detection layer is heated by intermittently applying a voltage and energizing for a predetermined energization time, the gas detection layer The step of detecting dew condensation and when dew condensation of the gas detection layer is detected, the energization time to the heater layer is made longer than the predetermined energization time, or the period of energizing the heater layer is set to be longer than the predetermined period. A shortening step. Therefore, the time for heating the gas detection layer is increased by increasing the energization time to the heater layer within a certain time period before the dew condensation detection.
  • the moisture adhering to the sensor element due to condensation is sufficiently evaporated at an early stage, so that the sensor element can be quickly restored from a condensed state to a normal state. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the erroneous detection and improve the accuracy of gas detection while reducing the power consumption by intermittently applying the voltage to the heater layer.
  • the step of detecting dew condensation on the gas detection layer includes the step of measuring the temperature of the heater layer that has become constant within the predetermined energization time, and the measured temperature of the heater layer is not more than a predetermined temperature.
  • the step of detecting dew condensation on the gas detection layer includes the step of measuring the temperature of the heater layer at a predetermined time when the temperature of the heater layer is within the predetermined energization time, and the measured temperature of the heater layer And detecting the dew condensation on the gas detection layer when the temperature responsiveness, which is the ratio of the heater layer to the heating target temperature, is equal to or less than a predetermined ratio. Further, the step of measuring the temperature of the heater layer includes the step of measuring the resistance value of the heater layer within the predetermined time, the measured resistance value of the heater layer, and the heater layer previously determined.
  • the sensor element can detect condensation at an early stage and reliably remove condensation by a simple method of measuring the temperature and resistance value of the heater layer, and can apply voltage to the heater layer. While achieving low power consumption as an intermittent one, it is possible to prevent erroneous detection and improve the accuracy of gas detection.
  • the gas detection method of the present invention uses a sensor element having a gas detection layer whose electrical characteristics are changed by contact with gas and a heater layer capable of heating the gas detection layer, and the heater layer has a predetermined cycle.
  • the heater layer is used to detect the gas.
  • the step of detecting moisture remaining in the gas detection layer includes the step of measuring the temperature of the heater layer at a predetermined time when the temperature of the heater layer within the predetermined energization time, and the measured temperature of the heater layer, And detecting moisture remaining in the gas detection layer when a temperature responsiveness, which is a ratio of the heater layer to a heating target temperature, is equal to or less than a predetermined ratio. Further, the step of measuring the temperature of the heater layer includes the step of measuring the resistance value of the heater layer within the predetermined time, the measured resistance value of the heater layer, and the heater layer previously determined.
  • the sensor element can quickly and reliably detect excess moisture and remove excess moisture by a simple method of measuring the temperature and resistance value of the heater layer, and can also supply voltage to the heater layer. While applying power intermittently to reduce power consumption, it can prevent false detection and improve gas detection accuracy.
  • Example 1 it is the figure which showed the graph showing the relationship between the time which supplies with electricity to a heater layer, and the temperature of a heater layer.
  • Example 1 it is the figure which showed the graph showing the relationship between the time which supplies with electricity to a heater layer, and the resistance value of a thin film gas sensor.
  • a comparative example it is the figure which showed the graph showing the relationship between the time which supplies with electricity to a heater layer, and the temperature of a heater layer.
  • a comparative example it is the figure which showed the graph showing the relationship between the time which supplies electricity to a heater layer, and the temperature responsiveness of a heater layer.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a thin film gas sensor 1 which is a sensor element used in the gas detection device and the gas detection method of the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the thin film gas sensor 1 includes a Si substrate 2, a thermal insulation support layer 3, a heater layer 4, an electrical insulation layer 5, and a gas detection layer 6.
  • the Si substrate 2 is provided with a through hole 2a.
  • the thermally insulating support layer 3 includes a thermally oxidized SiO 2 layer 3a, a CVD-Si 3 N 4 layer 3b, and a CVD-SiO 2 layer 3c.
  • the gas detection layer 6 includes a bonding layer 6a, a sensing layer electrode 6b, a sensing layer 6c, and a selective combustion layer 6d.
  • the Si substrate 2 is composed of a silicon wafer
  • the heater layer 4 is configured to be able to heat the gas detection layer 6, and the gas detection layer 6 is made of, for example, CO, CH 4 , C 3 H 8 , CH 3 OH, or the like.
  • the electrical characteristics change when selectively sensed.
  • a thermally oxidized SiO 2 layer 3 a is formed on the front and back surfaces of the Si substrate 2.
  • a CVD-Si 3 N 4 layer 3b and a CVD-SiO 2 layer 3c are sequentially formed on the thermally oxidized SiO 2 layer 3a by a plasma CVD method.
  • the heater layer 4 and the electrical insulating layer 5 made of SiO 2 are sequentially formed by sputtering.
  • a bonding layer 6a, a sensing layer electrode 6b, and a sensing layer 6c made of Sb-doped SnO 2 are sequentially formed on the electrical insulating layer 5 by sputtering.
  • an RF magnetron sputtering apparatus is preferably used for film formation by sputtering.
  • the Ar gas pressure is 1 Pa
  • the substrate temperature is 300 ° C.
  • the RF power is 2 W. / Cm 2
  • the thickness of the bonding layer 6a and the sensing layer electrode 6b is preferably 500 mm and 2000 mm, respectively.
  • the selective combustion layer 6d is applied by a screen printing method so as to sufficiently cover the sensing layer 6c, and then baked at a temperature of 500 ° C. for 1 hour or more.
  • the selective combustion layer 6d is composed of a sintered material in which Pd is supported on Al 2 O 3 as a catalyst.
  • silicon is removed from the back surface of the Si substrate 2 by etching to form a through hole 2a.
  • the manufacturing method of the thin film gas sensor 1 demonstrated here is an example, and it is also possible to use another manufacturing method.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an outline of the configuration of the gas detection device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the gas detection device is provided with a microcomputer control circuit 7, and the microcomputer control circuit 7 is configured to control the entire gas detection device.
  • the gas detection device is provided with a heater control circuit 8 connected to the heater layer 4 of the thin film gas sensor 1, and the heater control circuit 8 is connected to the microcomputer control circuit 7.
  • the gas detection device is provided with a power supply circuit 9 connected to the microcomputer control circuit 7 and the heater control circuit 8, and the gas detection device is configured to operate by the power supply circuit 9.
  • a consumable battery such as a dry battery or a rechargeable battery may be used.
  • Another example of the power supply circuit 9 may be a commercial power supply and a constant voltage circuit.
  • the heater control circuit 8 is configured to convert the voltage supplied from the power supply circuit 9 into a sensor voltage for driving the entire thin film gas sensor 1 and a heater voltage for heating the heater layer 4. As shown in FIG. 3, regarding the relationship between the time t and the voltage V applied to the heater layer 4, the heater control unit 7 a included in the microcomputer control circuit 7 raises the temperature of the heater layer 4 to cause the gas detection layer 6 to move. to heat, with a period of time t 1, it is configured to that repeated by energizing by applying voltages V 1 between the heater layer 4 time t 2, intermittent energization to the heater layer 4 Will be done. As an example, it is conceivable that the time t 1 is 60 s to 150 s and the time t 2 is 50 ms to 500 ms.
  • the gas detection device is provided with a dew condensation detection circuit 10 connected to the heater layer 4 of the thin film gas sensor 1, and this dew condensation detection circuit 10 is connected to the microcomputer control circuit 7, and the thin film gas sensor 1,
  • the dew condensation detection circuit 10 includes a shunt resistor (not shown) connected to the heater layer 4, and the dew condensation detection unit 7 b is configured to measure the voltage across the shunt resistor.
  • the dew condensation detection circuit 10 is provided with an A / D conversion circuit (not shown) in order to convert an analog signal related to the voltage across the shunt resistor into a digital signal and send it to the dew condensation detection unit 7b.
  • the microcomputer control circuit 7 is configured so that the condensation detection unit 7b can notify the heater control unit 7a that condensation has been detected.
  • the reference temperature for the heater layer 4 is the reference temperature T 0 (° C.)
  • the reference resistance of the heater resistance at the reference temperature T 0 is
  • the value R 0 ( ⁇ ) is assumed and the temperature coefficient of resistance of the heater layer 4 is ⁇ (1 / ° C.)
  • the thin film gas sensor 1 is placed in a high temperature furnace, the temperature of the high temperature furnace is increased, and the change in the resistance value of the heater layer 4 is measured. At this time, the relationship between the measured resistance value and temperature is shown in the graph of FIG. As shown in FIG. 4, the resistance value of the heater layer 4 varies linearly in the temperature range of about 0 ° C. to about 500 ° C. with respect to the plurality of heater layer 4 samples. The average of the slopes in the samples of the plurality of heater layers 4 is defined as a resistance temperature coefficient ⁇ . Further, the reference resistance value R 0 at the reference temperature T 0 is read in advance from the graph of FIG.
  • the resistance temperature coefficient ⁇ and the reference resistance value R 0 are similar to each other because there are few variations among the thin film sensors 1 in the plurality of thin film sensors 1 manufactured using one silicon wafer. Also good. Furthermore, the resistance temperature coefficient ⁇ and the reference resistance value R 0 may be the same numerical value for each manufacturing lot of the thin film sensor 1.
  • Condensation detecting unit 7b when measuring the temperature T becomes constant within the time t 1 distributed to the heater layer 4, the temperature T becomes condensation detected temperatures T 1 or less, the condensation of the gas sensing layer 6 It is configured to detect and notify the heater controller 7a that condensation has been detected.
  • the dew condensation detection temperature T 1 is less than T 2 in consideration of errors and the like when the heating target temperature T 2 that is the target temperature for heating the heater layer 4 is in the range of 400 ° C. to 500 ° C. A range of 5 ° C. to 0 ° C. is conceivable.
  • the gas detection device is provided with a gas detection circuit 11 connected to the gas detection layer 6 of the thin film gas sensor 1.
  • the gas detection circuit 11 is connected to a city gas detection unit 7c and a CO gas detection unit 7d included in the microcomputer control circuit 7, respectively.
  • the city gas detection unit 7 c is configured to be able to detect, for example, CH 4 (methane gas) included in the city gas based on the electrical characteristics of the gas detection layer 6.
  • the CO gas detection unit 7d is also configured to be able to detect CO (carbon monoxide) based on the electrical characteristics of the gas detection layer 6.
  • the gas detection circuit 11 is provided with an A / D conversion circuit (not shown) in order to convert this analog signal into a digital signal and send it to the city gas detection unit 7c and the CO gas detection unit 7d. Yes.
  • the gas detection device is provided with an alarm display circuit 12 for visually displaying an alarm when gas is detected, and the alarm display circuit 12 includes an alarm display unit (not shown) such as a lamp. ing.
  • the alarm display circuit 12 is connected to a display control unit 7e included in the microcomputer control circuit 7.
  • the gas detection device is provided with an alarm sound output circuit 13 for audibly outputting an alarm when gas is detected, and the alarm sound output circuit 13 outputs an alarm sound such as a speaker as a sound.
  • An output unit (not shown) is provided. This alarm sound output circuit 13 is connected to an alarm sound control unit 7 f included in the microcomputer control circuit 7.
  • the gas detection device is provided with an external output circuit 14 for outputting an electrical external output when a gas is detected.
  • the external output circuit 14 outputs an electrical external output such as a signal to an external device. It is configured to be able to send.
  • the external output circuit 14 is connected to an external output control unit 7g included in the microcomputer control circuit 7.
  • the gas detection device is provided with an external storage circuit 15 connected to the microcomputer control circuit 7.
  • the external storage circuit 15 is configured to be capable of storing a history such as threshold values and set values used for moisture removal of dew condensation and gas detection, and data when a gas is detected and an alarm is issued.
  • the microcomputer control circuit 7 is composed of a CPU such as a microcomputer and its peripheral circuits.
  • the heater controller 7a, the dew condensation detector 7b, the city gas detector 7c, the CO gas detector 7d, the display controller 7e, the alarm sound controller 7f, and the external output controller 7g are either hardware or Consists of software.
  • the gas detection method in 1st Embodiment of this invention is demonstrated with reference to FIG.
  • S1 by applying a voltage between the heater layer 4 time t 2 to heat the gas sensing layer 6 is energized (S1), in such a conductive state, the resistance of the heater layer 4
  • the value R is measured, and the temperature T of the heater layer 4 is measured by calculation according to the equation (1) (S2).
  • S3 it is determined whether the temperature T of the heater layer 4 is condensation detected temperatures T 1 or less (S3). If the temperature T is higher than the condensation detected temperature T 1, it is determined that no abnormality (S4), while the heater layer 4 time t 2 again energized by applying a voltage (S1).
  • the heater layer 4 temperature T was condensation detected temperatures T 1 below, it is determined that the gas detection layer 6 is condensation (S5), the time by increasing the time for energizing the heater layer 4 t 2 '(> T 2 ) (S6), the resistance value R of the heater layer 4 is measured while the heater layer 4 is energized for the time t 2 ', and the temperature T of the heater layer 4 is measured by calculation ( S2).
  • the heater layer 4 when detecting the condensation, since a longer energizing time t 2 to be energized by applying a voltage to the heater layer 4, within a predetermined time, the heater layer 4 The time for heating the gas detection layer 6 is increased by increasing the energization time to the time before the detection of condensation. Therefore, the moisture adhering to the thin film gas sensor 1 is sufficiently evaporated at an early stage, and the thin film gas sensor 1 can be quickly restored from the condensed state to a normal state. Therefore, it is possible to prevent erroneous detection and increase the accuracy of gas detection while reducing the power consumption by intermittently applying the voltage to the heater layer 4.
  • the condensation value is detected by measuring the resistance value R of the heater layer 4 and measuring the temperature T of the heater layer 4, the condensation for detecting the condensation. Sensors and temperature sensors are not required, and the thin-film gas sensor 1 and the gas detection device intermittently apply voltage to the heater layer 4 while maintaining a compact structure that is easy to install without increasing the size due to an increase in the number of parts. As a result, it is possible to reduce power consumption, prevent erroneous detection, and improve the accuracy of gas detection.
  • the thin film gas sensor 1 can detect condensation and remove condensation early and reliably by a simple method of measuring the temperature and resistance value of the heater layer 4. In addition, it is possible to prevent the erroneous detection and improve the accuracy of gas detection while reducing the power consumption by intermittently applying the voltage to the heater layer 4.
  • a gas detection device and a gas detection method according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described below.
  • the basic configuration of the gas detection device and the gas detection method of the second embodiment is the same as the configuration of the gas detection device of the first embodiment. Elements similar to those in the first embodiment will be described using the same symbols and names as those in the first embodiment. Here, a configuration different from the first embodiment will be described.
  • the dew condensation detection unit 7b measures the temperature T of the heater layer 4 at a predetermined time t 3 (0 ⁇ t 3 ⁇ t 1 ) within the time t 1 when the heater layer 4 is energized.
  • the gas detection It is configured to detect the condensation of the layer 6 and to notify the heater control unit 7a that the condensation has been detected.
  • the time t 3 for measuring the temperature response A is time It is conceivable to measure the temperature responsiveness A of the heater layer 4 in a transient state during the temperature rise of the heater layer 4 with an intermediate value of t 2 , and further set the heating target temperature T 2 to 400 ° C. to 500 ° C. as a range, it is conceivable to 95% and 100% in consideration of the error of condensation sensing thermoresponsive a 1.
  • the gas detection method in 2nd Embodiment of this invention is demonstrated with reference to FIG.
  • the resistance of the heater layer 4 measuring the value R was measured by calculating the temperature T of the heater layer 4 by the formula (1) is measured by calculating the temperature-responsive a is the ratio between the temperature T and the target temperature T 2 (S12) .
  • the temperature responsive A is condensation detection thermoresponsive A 1 or less (S13).
  • thermoresponsive A is greater than the condensation temperature detected responsive A 1, it is determined that no abnormality (S14), while the heater layer 4 time t 2 again energized by applying a voltage (S11).
  • the temperature responsive A was below condensation temperature detected responsive A 1, it is determined that the gas detection layer 6 is condensation (S15), the time by increasing the time for energizing the heater layer 4 t 2 ′ (> t 2 ) (S16), the heater layer 4 is energized for a time t 2 ′, the resistance value R of the heater layer 4 is measured, and the temperature T of the heater layer 4 is measured by calculation.
  • the thermoresponsive a is the ratio between the temperature T and the heating target temperature T 2 measured by calculating (S12).
  • a gas detection device and a gas detection method according to a third embodiment of the present invention will be described below.
  • the basic configuration of the gas detection device and the gas detection method of the third embodiment is the same as the configuration of the gas detection device of the first embodiment. Elements similar to those in the first embodiment will be described using the same symbols and names as those in the first embodiment. Here, a configuration different from the first embodiment will be described.
  • the sensing layer 6c shown in FIG. 1 has a porous structure or a columnar structure, the specific surface area of the sensing layer 6c increases, and the contact area between the sensing layer 6c and the gas to be detected increases.
  • a noble metal catalyst for example, Pd
  • the porous body is provided with a large number of pores having a diameter of several nm to several ⁇ m. Water is adsorbed to such pores by capillary condensation based on the following formula (2). Equation (2) is “Kelvin's equation”.
  • Equation (2) the radius of the capillary is r k (m), the surface tension is ⁇ (N / m), and the liquid (adsorbed water)
  • M molecular weight
  • ⁇ degrees
  • specific gravity of the liquid is ⁇ (kg / m 3 )
  • R gas J / mol ⁇ K
  • T a K
  • P 0 P 0 .
  • a moisture detector is provided instead of the dew condensation detector 7b shown in FIG.
  • the moisture detector measures a temperature T that has become constant within the time t 1 during which the heater layer 4 is energized, and when this temperature T falls below the high humidity detection temperature T 3 , the gas detection layer 6 It is configured to detect that the environment is higher in humidity than the driving state and to notify the heater controller 7a that the high humidity environment has been detected.
  • the high humidity detection temperature T 3 is set to the T 4 in consideration of an error or the like when the heating target temperature T 4 that is a target temperature for heating the heater layer 4 is in the range of 400 ° C. to 500 ° C. A range of ⁇ 15 ° C. to 0 ° C. is conceivable.
  • a moisture detection circuit is provided instead of the dew condensation detection circuit 10.
  • the basic configuration of this moisture detection circuit is the same as that of the dew condensation detection circuit 10, and the calculation method of the temperature T (° C.) of the heater layer 4 in the moisture detection circuit is also the same as that of the dew condensation detection circuit 10. Yes.
  • the moisture detection circuit is configured so that in the microcomputer control circuit 7, it can be notified from the moisture detection unit to the heater control unit 7 a that the high humidity environment has been detected.
  • the amount of water adsorbed in the pores of the selective combustion layer 6d when the heater is turned off increases, and the water released from the pores of the selective combustion layer 6d when the heater is turned on is sufficiently evaporated.
  • the remaining moisture (hereinafter referred to as “surplus moisture”) is accumulated by the repetition of the heater-off operation and the heater-on operation.
  • a gas detection method will be described with reference to FIG.
  • the resistance of the heater layer 4 measuring the value R was measured by calculating the temperature T of the heater layer 4 by the formula (1) is measured by calculating the temperature-responsive a is the ratio between the temperature T and the target temperature T 4 (S22) .
  • the temperature responsive A is less than or equal to the high humidity detecting thermoresponsive A 2 (S23).
  • thermoresponsive A is greater than a high humidity sensing thermoresponsive A 2
  • the water adsorbed on the pores of the selected combustion layer 6d is removed by evaporation, it is determined that no abnormality (normal drive environment) (S24 ), while the heater layer 4 time t 2 again energized by applying a voltage (S21).
  • the temperature responsive A is less than or equal to the high humidity detecting thermoresponsive A 2, the water adsorbed on the pores of the selected combustion layer 6d not sufficiently removed by evaporation, there is surplus water and, it is determined that the high-humidity environment (S25), the time by increasing the time for energizing the heater layer 4 t 2 '(> t 2 ) and then (S26), the time t 2' during the heater layer 4 of while energized, by measuring the resistance value R of the heater layer 4 was measured by calculating the temperature T of the heater layer 4, calculates a temperature-responsive a is the ratio between the temperature T and the target temperature T 4 (S22).
  • the energization time t 2 since increasing the energization time t 2 to be energized at a given time, the energization time of the heater layer 4, by increasing than before excess moisture detection, increased time to heat the gas sensing layer 6. Therefore, the excess water adhering to the thin film gas sensor 1 is sufficiently evaporated at an early stage, and the thin film gas sensor 1 can quickly return to a normal state in response to a high humidity environment where the excess moisture adheres. Therefore, it is possible to prevent erroneous detection and increase the accuracy of gas detection while reducing the power consumption by intermittently applying the voltage to the heater layer 4.
  • excess moisture is detected by measuring the resistance value R of the heater layer 4 and measuring the temperature T of the heater layer 4, so that excess moisture is detected.
  • Moisture sensors, temperature sensors, and the like are no longer required, and the thin film gas sensor 1 and the gas detection device intermittently apply voltage to the heater layer 4 while maintaining a compact structure that is easy to install without increasing the size due to an increase in the number of parts. As a result, it is possible to reduce power consumption, prevent erroneous detection, and improve the accuracy of gas detection.
  • the thin film gas sensor 1 can detect the excess moisture early and reliably and remove the excess moisture by a simple method of measuring the temperature and the resistance value of the heater layer 4. In addition, it is possible to increase the accuracy of gas detection while preventing erroneous detection while reducing the power consumption by intermittently applying the voltage to the heater layer 4.
  • the first embodiment and the second embodiment when dew condensation is detected, instead of increasing the time t 2 for energizing the heater layer 4 to the time t 2 ′, The time t 1 of the cycle in which the heater layer 4 is energized may be shortened to a time t 1 ′ ( ⁇ t 1 ).
  • the same effects as those of the first embodiment and the second embodiment of the present invention can be obtained.
  • Example 1 is described about the gas detection apparatus and gas detection method of 1st Embodiment and 2nd Embodiment of this invention.
  • the period t 1 for energizing the heater layer 4 is 60 s (seconds)
  • the time t 2 for energizing the heater layer 4 of the thin film gas sensor 1 is 100 ms
  • the dew condensation detection temperature T 1 is 395. ° C. and, to a heating target temperature T 2 and 400 ° C.
  • the time t 2 ′ for energizing the heater layer 4 is set to 10 s.
  • the means and method for detecting dew condensation may be any of the means and method in the first and second embodiments.
  • Temperature T of the heater layer 4 immediately after condensation occurrence is adapted as shown by the one-dot chain line B 1, constant at around 100 ° C. In the following 20ms from the start of energization in dew condensation state. However, the temperature T of the heater layer 4 immediately after the heater layer 4 is energized for the time t 2 ′ returns to around 400 ° C. as indicated by the dotted line C 1 , and no condensation occurs as indicated by the solid line D 1. It is the same as the normal state. This is considered to be due to the evaporation of condensed water.
  • Example 2 of the gas detection device and the gas detection method according to the first and second embodiments of the present invention will be described.
  • the period t 1 for energizing the heater layer 4 is 60 s (seconds)
  • the time t 2 for energizing the heater layer 4 of the thin film gas sensor 1 is 100 ms
  • the dew condensation detection temperature T 1 is 395. ° C. and, to a heating target temperature T 2 and 400 ° C.
  • the time t 1 ′ in which the heater layer 4 is energized is set to 1 s .
  • the means and method for detecting dew condensation may be any of the means and method in the first and second embodiments. In such a gas detection apparatus and gas detection method, the same result as in Example 1 was obtained after energization with a period of time t 1 ′ of 1 s was repeated for 40 s.
  • Temperature T of the heater layer 4 immediately after condensation occurrence is adapted as shown by a chain line E 1, constant at around 100 ° C. In the following 20ms from the start of energization in dew condensation state. Temperature T of the heater layer 4 at the time of the occurrence of dew condensation after 30min (minutes) elapsed, as indicated by the broken line F 1, which is in the same manner as immediately after the dew condensation. This factor is considered to be due to the heat of the heater layer 4 being used to evaporate the condensed moisture.
  • Temperature T of the heater layer 4 at the time of the occurrence of dew condensation after 40min elapsed, as indicated by a dotted line H 1, with 50ms from the start of energization, and returned to the vicinity of 400 ° C., occurrence of condensation indicated by the solid line I 1 It is similar to the normal state that is not. This is considered to be due to the evaporation of condensed water.
  • the relationship between the time for energizing the heater layer 4 and the temperature responsiveness A of the heater layer 4 in the comparative example is also the same as the relationship between the time for energizing the heater layer 4 and the temperature of the heater layer 4, as shown in FIG. It has become.
  • FIG. 1 The relationship between the time for energizing the heater layer 4 and the temperature responsiveness A of the heater layer 4 in the comparative example is also the same as the relationship between the time for energizing the heater layer 4 and the temperature of the heater layer 4, as shown in FIG. It has become.
  • the state immediately after the occurrence of condensation is indicated by a one-dot chain line E 2
  • the state after 30 minutes has elapsed after the occurrence of condensation is indicated by a broken line F 2
  • the state when 35 minutes have elapsed after the occurrence of condensation is indicated by a two-dot chain line G 2 shows the state of the time of the occurrence of dew condensation after 40min elapsed dashed H 2, it shows a normal state in which no dew condensation in the solid line I 2.
  • Resistance W of the thin film gas sensor 1 immediately after condensation occurrence as shown by a chain line E 3, in the following 20ms from the start of energization in condensation occurrence state, within the following gas detection resistance value W 1, 1E + 3 [Omega] (1 It is constant in the vicinity of ⁇ 10 3 ⁇ ).
  • Resistance W of the thin film gas sensor 1 at the time of the occurrence of dew condensation after 30min elapsed as indicated by the broken line F 3, which is in the same manner as immediately after the dew condensation.
  • the resistance value W of the thin film gas sensor 1 after 40 minutes has elapsed after the occurrence of condensation has returned to a value between 1E + 5 ⁇ to 1E + 6 ⁇ (1 ⁇ 10 5 ⁇ to 1 ⁇ 10 6 ⁇ ), as indicated by the dotted line H 3 . It has become like a normal state in which no dew condensation indicated by a solid line I 3.
  • Example 1 and Example 2 the condensation value evaporates in a short time, so that the resistance value W of the gas detection layer 6 is the same as that of the comparative example. has become difficult to be detected by a value close to the gas detection resistance value W 1 is a threshold of the gas leak alarms as. Therefore, it is difficult to give a false alarm of gas leak.

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JP2015175835A (ja) * 2014-03-18 2015-10-05 フィガロ技研株式会社 ガス検出装置とガス検出方法
JP2016014595A (ja) * 2014-07-02 2016-01-28 富士電機株式会社 ガス検知装置、該ガス検知装置における水分蓄積検知方法
JP2016014594A (ja) * 2014-07-02 2016-01-28 富士電機株式会社 ガス検知装置、該ガス検知装置における水分蓄積検知方法
CN113092691A (zh) * 2021-05-06 2021-07-09 上海烟草集团有限责任公司 用于检测气体中水分含量的设备

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JP2014178198A (ja) * 2013-03-14 2014-09-25 Fuji Electric Co Ltd ガス検知装置
TWI601686B (zh) * 2016-08-03 2017-10-11 國立交通大學 Method for manufacturing semiconductor gas sensing device and semiconductor gas sensing device
CN112352152A (zh) * 2018-06-21 2021-02-09 费加罗技研株式会社 气体检测装置和气体检测方法

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JP2015175835A (ja) * 2014-03-18 2015-10-05 フィガロ技研株式会社 ガス検出装置とガス検出方法
JP2016014595A (ja) * 2014-07-02 2016-01-28 富士電機株式会社 ガス検知装置、該ガス検知装置における水分蓄積検知方法
JP2016014594A (ja) * 2014-07-02 2016-01-28 富士電機株式会社 ガス検知装置、該ガス検知装置における水分蓄積検知方法
CN113092691A (zh) * 2021-05-06 2021-07-09 上海烟草集团有限责任公司 用于检测气体中水分含量的设备

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