WO2012081220A1 - 発電システム及びその運転方法 - Google Patents
発電システム及びその運転方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012081220A1 WO2012081220A1 PCT/JP2011/006920 JP2011006920W WO2012081220A1 WO 2012081220 A1 WO2012081220 A1 WO 2012081220A1 JP 2011006920 W JP2011006920 W JP 2011006920W WO 2012081220 A1 WO2012081220 A1 WO 2012081220A1
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- Prior art keywords
- power generation
- generation system
- detector
- flow path
- concentration
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04664—Failure or abnormal function
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0432—Temperature; Ambient temperature
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0438—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0444—Concentration; Density
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04955—Shut-off or shut-down of fuel cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
- H01M8/247—Arrangements for tightening a stack, for accommodation of a stack in a tank or for assembling different tanks
- H01M8/2475—Enclosures, casings or containers of fuel cell stacks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/0612—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material
- H01M8/0618—Reforming processes, e.g. autothermal, partial oxidation or steam reforming
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a power generation system that supplies heat and electricity and a method for operating the power generation system, and more particularly to a structure of the power generation system.
- the cogeneration system is a system that covers the hot water supply load of the consumer by supplying the generated power to the consumer to cover the power load, and recovering and storing the exhaust heat generated by the power generation.
- a cogeneration system in which a fuel cell and a water heater operate with the same fuel is known (for example, see Patent Document 1).
- a fuel cell power generator which is intended to facilitate installation work when installed indoors and to simplify air supply and exhaust ducts (see, for example, Patent Document 2).
- the fuel cell power generator disclosed in Patent Document 3 is composed of a double pipe duct structure in which an inner pipe that discharges exhausted air and an outer pipe that introduces air from the outside are integrally coupled. Intake and exhaust devices are provided.
- a power generation device having a duct extending in the vertical direction for the purpose of improving the exhaust performance of exhaust gas generated by a fuel cell arranged in a building (see, for example, Patent Document 3).
- a duct extending in the vertical direction inside the building and having an upper end located outside is a double pipe, and exhaust gas or air individually circulates inside or outside the duct.
- the ventilation pipe and the exhaust pipe are respectively connected to the duct.
- the temperature of the exterior container becomes high, and the temperature of an auxiliary machine (for example, a control device or the like) housed in the outer container cannot be maintained at a temperature at which it can operate normally, which may reduce the efficiency of the auxiliary machine. .
- an auxiliary machine for example, a control device or the like
- exhaust gas generated in the fuel cell is exhausted to the outside of the building by an exhaust duct, and in the power generation device that supplies air from indoors, when the exhaust duct is damaged,
- exhaust gas discharged from the power generation device such as combustion exhaust gas generated by the burner becomes difficult to be discharged to the outside of the building, causing a problem that the exhaust gas leaks indoors.
- indoor temperature may rise.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and when the exhaust passage through which the exhaust gas discharged from the power generation system flows is broken, the operation of the power generation system is stopped to It is a first object of the present invention to provide a power generation system and an operation method thereof that can suppress the increase in the temperature of the battery and suppress a decrease in the efficiency of the auxiliary machine housed in the housing.
- the present invention provides a power generation system and an operation method thereof that can suppress the outflow of exhaust gas into the indoor space when the discharge flow path is disposed indoors and the discharge flow path is damaged. This is the second purpose.
- a power generation system is a power generation system including a fuel cell system having a fuel cell that generates power using fuel gas and oxidant gas, and the power generation system includes: A housing for housing the fuel cell; a discharge passage configured to discharge exhaust gas from the power generation system to the outside of the housing; and a supply configured to supply air to the power generation system An air supply / exhaust mechanism, a breakage detector provided in at least one of the air supply / exhaust mechanism and the housing and configured to detect breakage of the discharge flow path, and a control device The control device controls to stop the operation of the power generation system when the breakage of the discharge channel is detected based on information obtained from the breakage detector.
- stopping the operation of the power generation system includes not only stopping the power generation system in operation but also prohibiting the start of operation of the power generation system.
- prohibiting the operation of the power generation system means that all the devices constituting the power generation system do not need to be prohibited from operating, and are within the range where the operational effects of the present invention can be achieved among the devices constituting the power generation system. It means that the operation is prohibited.
- the inside of the casing is prevented from being heated to a high temperature, and the efficiency of the auxiliary equipment stored in the casing can be suppressed from decreasing.
- the discharge flow path is disposed indoors and the discharge flow path is damaged, the exhaust gas from the power generation system can be prevented from leaking indoors.
- the breakage detector may detect at least one of a pressure change, a temperature change, a gas composition change, and whether or not a combustible gas is detected.
- the fuel cell system includes: a reformer that generates a fuel gas containing hydrogen from a raw material and water; and a combustor configured to heat the reformer. You may further provide the hydrogen generator which has.
- control device may stop the operation of the fuel cell system when the fuel cell system is activated and detects the breakage of the discharge passage.
- the power generation system according to the present invention further includes a combustion device arranged outside the housing,
- the discharge channel may be branched into at least two so that the upstream end thereof is connected to each of the combustion device and the fuel cell system.
- control device may stop the operation of the combustion device when the combustion device is operated and the breakage of the exhaust passage is detected.
- the breakage detector is constituted by an oxygen concentration detector
- the control device includes the oxygen concentration detector provided in the casing or the air supply channel, When the oxygen concentration detected by the oxygen concentration detector is smaller than a preset first oxygen concentration, or the oxygen concentration detector is provided in the discharge flow path, and the oxygen concentration detected by the oxygen concentration detector Is smaller than a preset second oxygen concentration, and when the oxygen concentration detected by the oxygen concentration detector is larger than a third oxygen concentration, which is an oxygen concentration larger than the second oxygen concentration, the discharge It may be determined that the flow path is broken.
- the breakage detector is configured by a carbon dioxide concentration detector
- the control device includes the carbon dioxide concentration detector provided in the casing or the air supply channel.
- the carbon dioxide concentration detected by the carbon dioxide concentration detector is larger than the first carbon dioxide concentration set in advance, or the carbon dioxide concentration detector is provided in the discharge flow path, and the carbon dioxide concentration
- the carbon dioxide concentration detected by the detector is smaller than the second carbon dioxide concentration set in advance, and when the carbon dioxide concentration detected by the carbon dioxide concentration detector is higher than the second carbon dioxide concentration. If the concentration of carbon dioxide is greater than 3, the discharge channel may be determined to be broken.
- the breakage detector is constituted by a carbon monoxide concentration detector, and the control device sets in advance the carbon monoxide concentration detected by the carbon monoxide concentration detector. When the concentration is equal to or higher than the first carbon monoxide concentration, it may be determined that the discharge channel is broken.
- the power generation system includes a combustion device arranged outside the housing, and a ventilator that ventilates the inside of the housing by discharging air in the housing to the discharge flow path.
- the damage detector comprises a gas concentration detector that detects the concentration of at least one of a carbon monoxide concentration and a carbon dioxide concentration
- the control device includes the fuel cell system.
- the power generation system includes a combustion device arranged outside the housing, and a ventilator that ventilates the inside of the housing by discharging air in the housing to the discharge flow path.
- the breakage detector is configured by an oxygen concentration detector, and the control device does not generate power in the fuel cell system, and the combustor and the combustion device perform combustion.
- the oxygen concentration obtained by subtracting a predetermined concentration from the oxygen concentration detected by the oxygen concentration detector when the ventilator is in operation is stored as a reference oxygen concentration, and the oxygen concentration When the oxygen concentration detected by the detector is outside the range of the reference oxygen concentration, it may be determined that the discharge channel is broken.
- the air supply flow path has a downstream end connected to the air supply port of the housing or opened in the housing,
- the breakage detector may be provided in the vicinity of the downstream end of the air supply channel.
- the hydrogen generation device has an upstream end thereof opened in the casing and is located in the vicinity of the downstream end of the air supply flow path, and the downstream end connected to the combustor.
- the breakage detector is configured by a temperature detector, and the control device detects that the temperature detected by the temperature detector is higher than a preset first temperature. When the temperature is higher or lower than a second temperature that is lower than the first temperature, it may be determined that the discharge channel is broken.
- the breakage detector is composed of a pressure detector provided in at least one of the discharge channel and the air supply channel,
- the control device detects a pressure smaller than a second pressure which is a pressure smaller than the first pressure when the pressure detector detects a pressure larger than a preset first pressure. In this case, it may be determined that the discharge channel is broken.
- control device may perform control so as to stop the operation of the power generation system and prohibit the activation of the power generation system.
- the air supply passage may be provided so as to be able to exchange heat with the exhaust passage.
- An operation method of a power generation system is an operation method of a power generation system including a fuel cell system having a fuel cell that generates power using fuel gas and oxidant gas, the power generation system including the fuel A housing for storing the battery, an exhaust passage configured to exhaust exhaust gas from the power generation system to the outside of the housing, and an air supply passage configured to supply air to the power generation system
- the inside of the casing is prevented from being heated to a high temperature, and the efficiency of the auxiliary equipment stored in the casing can be suppressed from decreasing.
- the discharge flow path is disposed indoors and the discharge flow path is damaged, the exhaust gas from the power generation system can be prevented from leaking indoors.
- the discharge channel when the discharge channel is broken, the inside of the housing is suppressed from being heated to a high temperature, and the efficiency reduction of the auxiliary equipment housed in the housing is suppressed. Is possible. Further, when the discharge flow path is disposed indoors and the discharge flow path is damaged, it is possible to prevent the exhaust gas from the power generation system from leaking indoors.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a schematic configuration of the power generation system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a flowchart schematically showing a damage detection operation of the power generation system according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a schematic configuration of a power generation system according to Modification 1 of Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a schematic configuration of the power generation system according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a power generation system according to Modification 1 of Embodiment 2.
- FIG. 6 is a flowchart schematically showing a damage detection operation of the power generation system according to the first modification in the second embodiment.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a schematic configuration of the power generation system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a flowchart schematically showing a damage detection operation of the power generation system according to the first modification in the
- FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a power generation system according to Modification 2 of Embodiment 2.
- FIG. 8 is a flowchart schematically showing a damage detection operation of the power generation system according to the second modification example in the second embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a power generation system according to Modification 3 of Embodiment 2.
- FIG. 10 is a flowchart schematically showing a damage detection operation of the power generation system according to the third modification example in the second embodiment.
- FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a power generation system according to Modification 4 of Embodiment 2.
- FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a power generation system according to Modification 5 of Embodiment 2.
- FIG. 13 is a flowchart schematically showing a breakage detection operation of the power generation system according to the fifth modification example in the second embodiment.
- FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a power generation system according to Modification 6 of Embodiment 2.
- FIG. 15 is a flowchart schematically showing a damage detection operation of the power generation system of Modification 6 in Embodiment 2.
- FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram showing a schematic configuration of the power generation system according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- FIG. 17 is a flowchart schematically showing a damage detection operation of the power generation system according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a power generation system according to Modification 1 of Embodiment 3.
- FIG. 19 is a flowchart schematically showing a damage detection operation of the power generation system according to the first modification example in the third embodiment.
- FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a power generation system according to Modification 2 of Embodiment 3.
- FIG. 21 is a flowchart schematically showing a damage detection operation of the power generation system according to the second modification example in the third embodiment.
- a power generation system includes a fuel cell, a housing for housing the fuel cell, a control device, a supply / exhaust mechanism having a discharge channel and an air supply channel, a breakage detector, And the control device exemplifies a mode of controlling the operation of the power generation system to stop when the breakage detector detects the breakage of the discharge channel.
- stopping the operation of the power generation system includes not only stopping the power generation system in operation but also prohibiting the start of operation of the power generation system.
- prohibiting the operation of the power generation system means that all the devices constituting the power generation system do not need to be prohibited from operating, and are within the range where the operational effects of the present invention can be achieved among the devices constituting the power generation system. It means that the operation is prohibited.
- a hydrogen generator that generates fuel gas, a fan that supplies air, or a combustor such as a burner that heats the hydrogen generator can be exemplified as a device whose operation is prohibited.
- the operation of a device that does not generate or discharge gas for example, a pump that passes cooling water that cools the fuel cell
- a device that may be operating for example, a pump that passes cooling water that cools the fuel cell
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a schematic configuration of the power generation system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- the power generation system 100 As shown in FIG. 1, the power generation system 100 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention is disposed inside a building 200.
- the power generation system 100 includes a fuel cell system 101 having a fuel gas supplier 14 and a fuel cell 11, a supply / exhaust mechanism 104 having a discharge passage 70 and an intake passage 78, a pressure detector 21, a control device 102, It has. Then, the control device 102 controls the operation of the power generation system 100 to be prohibited when the breakage detector detects the breakage of the discharge passage 70.
- the power generation system 100 exemplifies a configuration arranged inside the building 200.
- the configuration is not limited to this, and a configuration arranged outside the building 200 is adopted. Also good.
- the fuel cell system 101 has a housing 12.
- a fuel cell 11, a ventilation fan 13, a fuel gas supply device 14, and an oxidant gas supply device 15 are arranged in the housing 12.
- the control device 102 is also arranged in the housing 12. In the first embodiment, the control device 102 is arranged in the casing 12 of the fuel cell system 101. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the control device 102 is arranged outside the casing 12. You may employ
- a hole 16 penetrating in the thickness direction of the wall is provided at an appropriate position of the wall constituting the housing 12, and a pipe constituting the discharge flow path 70 and a pipe constituting the air supply flow path 78 are provided in the hole 16. (Ie, double piping) is connected.
- the piping which comprises the discharge flow path 70 is arrange
- the discharge channel 70 and the supply channel 78 are double pipes.
- the present invention is not limited to this.
- the air supply channel 78 is provided so as to be able to exchange heat with the discharge channel 70
- the mode is not limited.
- “the supply air flow path 78 is provided so as to be able to exchange heat with the discharge flow path 70” does not necessarily require that the supply air flow path 78 and the discharge flow path 70 are in contact with each other.
- a mode in which the gas in the air supply channel 78 and the gas in the discharge channel 70 are provided so as to be capable of heat exchange is also included.
- the air supply channel 78 and the discharge channel 70 may be provided with a space therebetween.
- the other channel may be provided inside one channel.
- a wall that divides the pipe along the extending direction of the pipe is provided inside one pipe, and one of the divided spaces is used as an air supply channel 78 and the other space is used as a discharge channel 70. Good.
- the exhaust flow path 70 is connected to the housing 12 at the upstream end thereof, and is configured such that exhaust gas discharged from the power generation system 100 flows therethrough.
- the discharge channel 70 is formed so as to extend to the outside of the building 200, and its downstream end (opening) is open to the atmosphere.
- the air supply channel 78 has a downstream end connected to the housing 12 and an upstream end (opening) opened to the atmosphere. Air can be supplied to the power generation system 100 from the outside (here, outside the building 200).
- a pressure detector 21 configured to detect the flow rate of the gas in the discharge flow path 70 is provided at a proper position of the discharge flow path 70.
- the pressure detector 21 may have any configuration as long as the pressure of the gas in the discharge flow path 70 can be detected, and the device used is not limited.
- the pressure detector 21 may be provided at any location as long as it is within the discharge flow path 70, but from the viewpoint of making it easier to detect breakage of the discharge flow path 70, the upstream side portion of the discharge flow path 70. It is preferable to provide in.
- the fuel gas supply unit 14 may have any configuration as long as it can supply the fuel gas (hydrogen gas) to the fuel cell 11 while adjusting the flow rate thereof, for example, a hydrogen generator, a hydrogen cylinder, You may be comprised with the apparatus comprised so that hydrogen gas, such as a hydrogen storage alloy, might be supplied.
- a fuel cell 11 (more precisely, the inlet of the fuel gas channel 11A of the fuel cell 11) is connected to the fuel gas supplier 14 via a fuel gas supply channel 71.
- the oxidant gas supply unit 15 may have any configuration as long as the oxidant gas (air) can be supplied to the fuel cell 11 while adjusting the flow rate thereof.
- fans such as fans and blowers It may be comprised.
- the oxidant gas supply unit 15 is connected to the fuel cell 11 (more precisely, the inlet of the oxidant gas channel 11B of the fuel cell 11) via the oxidant gas supply channel 72.
- the fuel cell 11 has an anode and a cathode (both not shown).
- the fuel gas supplied to the fuel gas channel 11A is supplied to the anode while flowing through the fuel gas channel 11A.
- the oxidant gas supplied to the oxidant gas flow channel 11B is supplied to the cathode while flowing through the oxidant gas flow channel 11B.
- the fuel gas supplied to the anode and the oxidant gas supplied to the cathode react to generate electricity and heat.
- the generated electricity is supplied to an external power load (for example, home electrical equipment) by a power regulator (not shown).
- the generated heat is recovered by a heat medium flowing through a heat medium flow path (not shown).
- the heat recovered by the heat medium can be used, for example, to heat water.
- the fuel cell 11 can be various fuel cells such as a polymer electrolyte fuel cell and a solid oxide fuel cell.
- the fuel cell 11 and the fuel gas supply unit 14 are separately configured.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and the fuel gas supply unit 14 is not limited to this.
- the fuel cell 11 may be configured integrally.
- the fuel cell 11 and the fuel gas supply device 14 are configured as a single unit covered with a common heat insulating material, and a combustor 14b described later heats not only the reformer 14a described later but also the fuel cell 11. can do.
- the anode of the fuel cell 11 since the anode of the fuel cell 11 has the function of the reformer 14a, the anode of the fuel cell 11 and the reformer 14a are integrally formed. May be. Furthermore, since the structure of the fuel cell 11 is the same as that of a general fuel cell, its detailed description is omitted.
- the upstream end of the off-fuel gas channel 73 is connected to the outlet of the fuel gas channel 11A.
- the downstream end of the off fuel gas channel 73 is connected to the discharge channel 70.
- the upstream end of the off-oxidant gas channel 74 is connected to the outlet of the oxidant gas channel 11B.
- the downstream end of the off-oxidant gas channel 74 is connected to the discharge channel 70.
- off fuel gas the fuel gas that has not been used in the fuel cell 11
- the oxidant gas hereinafter referred to as off-oxidant gas
- off-oxidant gas the oxidant gas that has not been used in the fuel cell 11
- the off-fuel gas discharged to the discharge channel 70 is diluted with the off-oxidant gas and discharged outside the building 200.
- the ventilation fan 13 is connected to the discharge channel 70 through the ventilation channel 75.
- the ventilation fan 13 may have any configuration as long as the inside of the housing 12 can be ventilated.
- air outside the power generation system 100 is supplied into the housing 12 from the air supply port 16, and the ventilation fan 13 is operated, whereby the gas (mainly air) in the housing 12 is changed into the ventilation flow path 75 and It is discharged out of the building 200 through the discharge channel 70 and the inside of the housing 12 is ventilated.
- a fan is used as a ventilator.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and a blower may be used.
- the ventilation fan 13 is configured to be disposed in the housing 12, but is not limited thereto.
- the ventilation fan 13 may be configured to be disposed in the discharge channel 70.
- the off-fuel gas, the off-oxidant gas, and the gas in the housing 12 due to the operation of the ventilation fan 13 are exemplified as the exhaust gas discharged from the power generation system 100. Is done.
- the exhaust gas discharged from the power generation system 100 is not limited to these gases.
- the fuel gas supply device 14 is configured by a hydrogen generator, the gas discharged from the hydrogen generator (combustion) Exhaust gas, hydrogen-containing gas, etc.).
- the control device 102 may be in any form as long as it is a device that controls each device constituting the power generation system 100.
- the control device 102 includes an arithmetic processing unit exemplified by a microprocessor, a CPU, and the like, and a storage unit configured by a memory or the like that stores a program for executing each control operation. Then, in the control device 102, the arithmetic processing unit reads out a predetermined control program stored in the storage unit and executes the predetermined control program, thereby processing the information, and the power generation system 100 including these controls. Perform various controls.
- control device 102 has a damage determination device (not shown).
- the breakage determination device determines that the discharge passage 70 is damaged. .
- the pressure detector 21 comprises a damage detector.
- control apparatus 102 may be configured not only with a single control apparatus but also with a control apparatus group in which a plurality of control apparatuses cooperate to execute control of the power generation system 100. Absent. Moreover, the control apparatus 102 may be comprised by the micro control, and may be comprised by MPU, PLC (Programmable Logic Controller), a logic circuit, etc. Further, the damage determination device of the control device 102 is realized by executing a predetermined program stored in the storage unit.
- the control device 102 detects that the pressure detected by the pressure detector 21 is the highest in the pressure range in the discharge flow path 70 when the power generation system 100 is operating and the discharge flow path 70 is not damaged.
- the pressure is lower than the second pressure, which is a low value, it can be determined that the discharge flow path 70 is broken.
- the control device 102 detects that the pressure detected by the pressure detector 21 is the highest in the pressure range in the discharge flow path 70 when the power generation system 100 is operating and the discharge flow path 70 is not damaged.
- the pressure is higher than the first pressure, which is a high value, it can be determined that the discharge flow path 70 is broken.
- control device 102 can determine that the discharge flow path 70 is damaged when the pressure detected by the pressure detector 21 is outside a predetermined pressure range set in advance.
- damage detection operation of the power generation system 100 by the control device 102 based on the pressure detected by the pressure detector 21 will be described with reference to FIG.
- FIG. 2 is a flowchart schematically showing the damage detection operation of the power generation system according to the first embodiment.
- the control device 102 (more precisely, the damage determination device of the control device 102) is configured such that the pressure P of the gas in the discharge passage 70 detected by the pressure detector 21 while the power generation system 100 is operating. Is acquired (step S101).
- the operation of the power generation system 100 means a period during which exhaust gas is discharged from the power generation system 100 to the discharge flow path 70.
- at least one device of the fuel gas supplier 14, the oxidant gas supplier 15, and the ventilation fan 13 is in operation.
- control device 102 determines whether or not the pressure P acquired in step S101 is greater than the first pressure value P1 (first pressure) or is a pressure smaller than the first pressure value P1. It is determined whether or not it is smaller than the pressure value P2 (second pressure) (step S102).
- the first pressure value P1 is obtained, for example, in advance by an experiment or the like to obtain a pressure range when the exhaust gas exhausted from the power generation system 100 flows through the exhaust flow path 70.
- the highest pressure may be used.
- the pressure range detected by the pressure detector 21 changes depending on the shape (inner diameter and length) of the discharge flow path 70, when the power generation system 100 is installed, the discharge in the air supply / exhaust mechanism 104 in a state where there is no damage. It is preferable to measure the pressure range in the flow path 70 and set the highest pressure in the measured pressure range as the first pressure value P1.
- the second pressure value P2 is obtained by, for example, obtaining a pressure range when exhaust gas discharged from the power generation system 100 flows through the discharge flow path 70 in advance through experiments or the like. Of these, the lowest pressure may be used.
- the pressure range detected by the pressure detector 21 changes depending on the shape (inner diameter and length) of the discharge flow path 70, when the power generation system 100 is installed, the discharge in the air supply / exhaust mechanism 104 in a state where there is no damage. It is preferable to measure the pressure range in the flow path 70 and set the lowest pressure in the measured pressure range as the second pressure value P2.
- step S101 When the pressure P acquired in step S101 is equal to or higher than the second pressure value P2 and equal to or lower than the first pressure value P1 (No in step S102), the control device 102 returns to step S101, Steps S101 and S102 are repeated until P is less than the second pressure value P2 or until the pressure P is greater than the first pressure value P1.
- the control device 102 discharges the discharge flow path 70. Is determined to be damaged, and the process proceeds to step S103.
- step S103 the control device 102 stops the operation of the power generation system 100. Thereby, the discharge of the exhaust gas from the power generation system 100 to the discharge flow path 70 is stopped, and the backflow of the exhaust gas from the discharge flow path 70 into the housing 12 is suppressed.
- control device 102 prohibits activation of the power generation system 100 (step S104). Specifically, the control device 102 operates, for example, a remote controller (not shown) from a user of the power generation system 100 and a start request signal is transmitted to the control device 102. Even when the start-up time is reached, the start-up process of the power generation system 100 is prohibited by not permitting the start-up process of the power generation system 100.
- a remote controller not shown
- the control device 102 By stopping the operation of the system 100 and prohibiting the start-up of the power generation system 100, the exhaust gas is prevented from flowing back into the housing 12. For this reason, it is suppressed that a hot exhaust gas stays in the housing
- the auxiliary equipment such as the control device 102
- the discharge flow path 70 is arrange
- the control device 102 determines whether or not the pressure P detected by the pressure detector 21 is equal to or lower than the first pressure value P1, so that the discharge channel 70 is damaged.
- the present invention is not limited to this. For example, when the difference between the pressures P detected by the pressure detector 21 before and after a predetermined time is equal to or less than a predetermined threshold pressure obtained in advance through experiments or the like, the control device 102 breaks the discharge channel 70. You may judge that
- the exhaust passage 70, the off-fuel gas passage 73, the off-oxidant gas passage 74, and the exhaust gas passage 77 have been described as different passages.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and these flow paths may be collectively referred to as the discharge flow path 70.
- the pressure detector 21 is arranged in the discharge channel 70.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and the sensor portion is arranged in the discharge channel 70, and the other parts. May be arranged outside the discharge flow path 70. Further, the pressure detector 21 may be provided at an appropriate position of any one of the off-fuel gas channel 73, the off-oxidant gas channel 74, and the ventilation channel 75 communicating with the discharge channel 70.
- the pressure detector 21 may be disposed in the air supply channel 78.
- the control device 102 detects the pressure detected by the pressure detector 21, and the control device 102 detects that the pressure detected by the pressure detector 21 generates power.
- P3 first pressure
- the control device 102 detects that the pressure detected by the pressure detector 21 is the highest in the pressure range in the air supply passage 78 when the power generation system 100 is operating and the discharge passage 70 is not damaged.
- the pressure value is lower than the fourth pressure value P4 (second pressure), which is a low value, it can be determined that the discharge flow path 70 is broken.
- control device 102 measures the pressure range in the discharge flow path 70 or the air supply flow path 78 while the power generation system 100 is operating in a state where the discharge flow path 70 and the air supply flow path 78 are not damaged.
- the pressure detector 21 detects a pressure value outside the pressure range, it can be determined that the discharge channel 70 is broken.
- the exhaust gas discharged from the power generation system is discharged to the outside through a pipe extending to the outside of the building, but the air supplied to the power generation system is The aspect comprised so that it may be supplied from the inside is illustrated.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a schematic configuration of a power generation system according to Modification 1 of Embodiment 1. As shown in FIG.
- the power generation system 100 according to the first modification has the same basic configuration as the power generation system 100 according to the first embodiment, but is different in the configuration of the air supply channel 78. Specifically, a hole 16 penetrating in the thickness direction of the wall is provided at an appropriate position of the wall constituting the housing 12, and the pipe constituting the discharge flow path 70 has a gap in the hole 16. And it is inserted. The gap between the hole 16 and the discharge channel 70 constitutes the air supply port 16, and the air supply port 16 constitutes the air supply channel 78.
- the hole which the piping which comprises the discharge flow path 70 penetrates, and the hole which comprises the air supply port 16 were comprised by the one hole 16, it is not limited to this.
- the housing 12 may be provided with a hole through which the pipe constituting the discharge flow path 70 is inserted and a hole constituting the air supply port 16 separately.
- the air supply channel 78 may be configured by one hole in the housing 12 or may be configured by a plurality of holes.
- the power generation system 100 according to the first modification configured as described above has the same effects as the power generation system 100 according to the first embodiment.
- the exhaust passage 70 when the exhaust passage 70 is damaged, if the exhaust gas from the power generation system 100 leaks into the building 200, the temperature inside the building 200 may increase. is there.
- the control device 102 stops the operation of the power generation system 100, so that the discharge from the power generation system 100 is performed inside the building 200. Gas leakage is suppressed, and temperature rise inside the building 200 can be suppressed.
- the power generation system according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention further includes a hydrogen generator having a reformer that generates fuel gas from a raw material and water, and a combustor configured to heat the reformer.
- a hydrogen generator having a reformer that generates fuel gas from a raw material and water
- a combustor configured to heat the reformer.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a schematic configuration of the power generation system according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- the power generation system 100 according to the second embodiment of the present invention has the same basic configuration as the power generation system 100 according to the first embodiment, but the fuel gas supply device 14 is a hydrogen generator 14. And the point where the off-fuel gas flow path 73 is connected to the combustor 14b of the hydrogen generator 14 is different.
- the hydrogen generator 14 includes a reformer 14a, a combustor 14b, and a combustion fan 14c.
- the downstream end of the off-fuel gas channel 73 is connected to the combustor 14b, and off-fuel gas from the fuel cell 11 flows through the off-fuel gas channel 73 and is supplied as combustion fuel.
- a combustion fan 14 c is connected to the combustor 14 b via an air supply flow path 79.
- the combustion fan 14c may have any configuration as long as it can supply combustion air to the combustor 14b.
- the combustion fan 14c may be configured by fans such as a fan and a blower.
- the supplied off-fuel gas and combustion air are combusted to generate combustion exhaust gas, and heat is generated.
- the combustion exhaust gas generated by the combustor 14 b is discharged to the combustion exhaust gas flow path 80 after heating the reformer 14 a and the like.
- the combustion exhaust gas discharged to the combustion exhaust gas flow path 80 flows through the combustion exhaust gas flow path 80 and is discharged to the discharge flow path 70.
- the combustion exhaust gas discharged to the discharge flow path 70 flows through the discharge flow path 70 and is discharged outside the power generation system 100 (building 200).
- the reformer 14a is connected to a raw material supply device and a water vapor supply device (not shown respectively), and the raw material and water vapor are supplied to the reformer 14a, respectively.
- a raw material natural gas mainly composed of methane, LP gas, or the like can be used.
- the reformer 14a has a reforming catalyst.
- the reforming catalyst any substance may be used as long as it can catalyze a steam reforming reaction that generates a hydrogen-containing gas from a raw material and steam, for example, ruthenium on a catalyst carrier such as alumina.
- ruthenium catalyst supporting (Ru) or a nickel catalyst supporting nickel (Ni) on the same catalyst carrier can be used.
- a hydrogen-containing gas is generated by a reforming reaction between the supplied raw material and steam.
- the generated hydrogen-containing gas flows as a fuel gas through the fuel gas supply channel 71 and is supplied to the fuel gas channel 11 ⁇ / b> A of the fuel cell 11.
- the hydrogen-containing gas generated in the reformer 14a is sent to the fuel cell 11 as fuel gas.
- a shifter having a shift catalyst for example, a copper-zinc catalyst
- an oxidation catalyst for example, a ruthenium catalyst
- the configuration may be such that the hydrogen-containing gas after passing through a carbon monoxide remover having a methanation catalyst (for example, a ruthenium-based catalyst) is sent to the fuel cell 11.
- the combustor 14b is configured so that off-fuel gas is supplied from the fuel cell 11 as combustion fuel.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and combustion fuel is separately supplied from the combustion fuel supplier to the combustor 14b. You may comprise.
- the power generation system 100 according to the second embodiment configured as described above has the same effects as the power generation system 100 according to the first embodiment.
- the power generation system 100 when exhaust gas from the backflow power generation system 100 is supplied to the combustor 14b, incomplete combustion occurs in the combustor 14b, and CO is generated. There is a risk. Furthermore, if the generated CO flows into the fuel cell 11, the catalyst of the fuel cell 11 may deteriorate, and the power generation efficiency of the fuel cell 11 may be reduced.
- the control device 102 stops the operation of the power generation system 100, so that the amount of CO generated is reduced. Therefore, in the power generation system 100 according to the second embodiment, it is possible to suppress a decrease in power generation efficiency of the fuel cell 11.
- the break detector is a gas composition detector, and the control device breaks the discharge channel when the break detector detects an abnormality in the gas composition.
- the mode which judges that it is having is illustrated.
- abnormal gas composition refers to the case where the gas detected by the gas composition detector deviates from the gas composition region that should be detected during normal operation of the power generation system.
- gas composition region to be detected in normal operation is determined by experimentation in consideration of the composition of the fuel gas supplied to the fuel cell, the required safety standard (exhaust gas composition standard), etc. at the place where the power generation system is installed. It can be set in advance by simulation or the like.
- the gas composition detector include an oxygen concentration detector, a carbon monoxide detector, a carbon dioxide concentration detector, and a combustible gas detector.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a power generation system according to Modification 1 of Embodiment 2.
- the power generation system 100 of the first modification has the same basic configuration as the power generation system 100 according to the second embodiment, but an oxygen concentration detector 22 is used instead of the pressure detector 21.
- the difference is that the air supply channel 78 is provided.
- the oxygen concentration detector 22 may have any configuration as long as it can detect the oxygen concentration in the air supply flow path 78, and the device to be used is not limited.
- the oxygen concentration detector 22 is arranged in the air supply channel 78.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and the sensor portion is arranged in the air supply channel 78, and other parts are arranged. May be arranged outside the air supply flow path 78.
- the oxygen concentration detector 22 may be provided at any location as long as it is within the air supply flow path 78, but from the viewpoint of making it easier to detect breakage of the discharge flow path 70. It is preferable to provide in the downstream part of the air supply flow path 78.
- FIG. 6 is a flowchart schematically showing a damage detection operation of the power generation system according to the first modification in the second embodiment.
- the damage detection operation of the power generation system 100 according to the first modification has the same basic operation as the damage detection operation of the power generation system 100 according to the first embodiment. Instead of S101 and S102, Step S101A and Step S102A are different.
- the control device 102 acquires the oxygen concentration C in the air supply channel 78 detected by the oxygen concentration detector 22 (step S101A). Next, the control device 102 determines whether or not the oxygen concentration C acquired in step S101A is smaller than the first oxygen concentration C1 (step S102A).
- the first oxygen concentration C1 may be determined in advance by, for example, obtaining the oxygen concentration of the air supply passage 78 when the discharge passage 70 is not damaged by an experiment or the like in advance.
- the first oxygen concentration C1 is the supply airflow detected by the oxygen concentration detector 22 when combustion is not performed in the combustor 14b (for example, when the power generation system 100 is stopped and only the ventilation fan 13 is operating).
- a value obtained by subtracting a predetermined concentration from the oxygen concentration in the path 78 may be used. Thereby, even if there is a deviation between the oxygen concentration detected by the oxygen concentration detector 22 and the actual oxygen concentration due to long-term use or the like, it is possible to suppress erroneous detection.
- the predetermined concentration differs depending on the oxygen concentration detection accuracy of the oxygen concentration detector to be used. Therefore, it is preferable to set the value depending on the oxygen concentration detector to be used, and set it within a range where no erroneous detection occurs. preferable. For example, when the oxygen concentration detector has an accuracy of ⁇ 0.5%, the first oxygen concentration C1 may be set as ⁇ 1% from the oxygen concentration in the atmosphere.
- step S101A If the oxygen concentration C acquired in step S101A is equal to or higher than the first oxygen concentration C1 (No in step S102A), the control device 102 returns to step S101A and continues to step until it becomes smaller than the first oxygen concentration C1. S101A and step S102A are repeated. On the other hand, when the oxygen concentration C acquired in step S101A is smaller than the first oxygen concentration C1 (in other words, the oxygen concentration C acquired in step S101A is outside the range of the first oxygen concentration C1). ) (Yes in step S102A), the process proceeds to step S103. In step S ⁇ b> 103, the control device 102 stops the operation of the power generation system 100.
- the power generation system 100 according to the first modification configured as described above has the same effects as the power generation system 100 according to the second embodiment.
- the control device 102 determines whether or not the oxygen concentration in the air supply channel 78 detected by the oxygen concentration detector 22 is smaller than the first oxygen concentration C1. Although it was determined whether 70 was damaged, it is not limited to this. For example, if the difference ⁇ C of the oxygen concentration C detected by the oxygen concentration detector 22 before and after a predetermined time is smaller than a predetermined threshold concentration ⁇ C1 obtained in advance through experiments or the like, the discharge flow path 70 is broken. You may comprise so that it may judge.
- the form in which the oxygen concentration detector 22 is provided in the supply air flow path 78 is employed, but the present invention is not limited to this, and a form in which the oxygen concentration detector 22 is provided in the housing 12 may be employed.
- the control device 102 can detect the breakage of the discharge channel 70 in the same manner as described above.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and a form in which the oxygen concentration detector 22 is provided in the discharge flow path 70 may be adopted.
- the exhaust passage 70 is damaged, so that the exhaust gas from the power generation system 100 is supplied into the power generation system 100 (housing 12) via the air supply passage 78.
- the oxygen concentration of the air supplied to the fuel cell 11 and the combustion fan 14c and the air sent out by the ventilation fan 13 decreases, and the oxygen concentration of the exhaust gas discharged from the power generation system 100 to the discharge flow path 70 decreases. It will be.
- the control device 102 detects that the oxygen concentration detected by the oxygen concentration detector 22 is the oxygen concentration in the discharge flow path 70 when the power generation system 100 is operating and the discharge flow path 70 is not damaged.
- the oxygen concentration is lower than the second oxygen concentration C2, which is the lowest value in the range, it may be determined that the discharge flow path 70 is broken.
- the second oxygen concentration C2 is an exhaust gas detected by the oxygen concentration detector 22 when combustion is not performed in the combustor 14b (for example, when the power generation system 100 is stopped and only the ventilation fan 13 is operating).
- a value obtained by subtracting a predetermined concentration from the lowest value in the oxygen concentration range in the flow path 70 may be used.
- the discharge flow path 70 (including the air supply flow path 78) is greatly damaged at the upstream side of the oxygen concentration detector 22.
- the oxygen concentration detector 22 detects the oxygen concentration in the atmosphere.
- the control device 102 breaks the discharge flow path 70 when the oxygen concentration detected by the oxygen concentration detector 22 is higher than the third oxygen concentration C3, which is an oxygen concentration higher than the second oxygen concentration C2.
- the third oxygen concentration C3 may be the highest value in the oxygen concentration range in the discharge flow path 70 when the power generation system 100 is operating and the discharge flow path 70 is not damaged.
- the third oxygen concentration C3 is the exhaust gas detected by the oxygen concentration detector 22 when combustion is not performed in the combustor 14b (for example, when the power generation system 100 is stopped and only the ventilation fan 13 is operating). A value obtained by subtracting a predetermined concentration from the highest value in the oxygen concentration range in the flow path 70 may be used.
- the control device 102 operates the power generation system 100 while the discharge flow path 70 and the air supply flow path 78 are not damaged.
- the oxygen concentration range in the discharge flow path 70 is measured, and when the oxygen concentration detector 22 detects an oxygen concentration outside the oxygen concentration range, it is determined that the discharge flow path 70 is broken. be able to.
- the breakage detector is configured with a carbon monoxide concentration detector
- the control device is configured to have a first carbon monoxide concentration detected by the carbon monoxide concentration detector. This is an example of a mode in which it is determined that the discharge channel is damaged when the concentration of carbon monoxide is equal to or higher than the carbon monoxide concentration.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a power generation system according to Modification 2 of Embodiment 2.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a power generation system according to Modification 2 of Embodiment 2.
- the power generation system 100 according to the second modification has the same basic configuration as the power generation system 100 according to the second embodiment, but instead of the pressure detector 21, a carbon monoxide concentration detector. 25 is provided in the air supply passage 78.
- the carbon monoxide concentration detector 25 may have any configuration as long as it can detect the carbon monoxide concentration in the supply air channel 78, and the device used is not limited.
- the carbon monoxide concentration detector 25 is configured to be disposed in the air supply flow path 78, but is not limited thereto, and the sensor portion is disposed in the air supply flow path 78. It is good also as a structure which arrange
- the carbon monoxide concentration detector 25 may be disposed in the discharge flow path 70 or in the housing 12.
- FIG. 8 is a flowchart schematically showing a damage detection operation of the power generation system according to the second modification example in the second embodiment.
- the damage detection operation of the power generation system 100 according to the second modification has the same basic operation as the damage detection operation of the power generation system 100 according to the first embodiment. Instead of S101 and step S102, step S101C and step S102C are different.
- control device 102 acquires the carbon monoxide concentration C in the air supply passage 78 detected by the carbon monoxide concentration detector 25 (step S101C). Next, the control device 102 determines whether or not the carbon monoxide concentration C acquired in step S101C is greater than the first carbon monoxide concentration C1 (step S102C).
- the first carbon monoxide concentration C1 is obtained by, for example, obtaining the concentration of CO generated when incomplete combustion occurs in the combustor 14b when the discharge passage 70 is damaged in advance through experiments or the like.
- the lowest value in the concentration range may be used.
- the first carbon monoxide concentration C1 varies depending on the detection lower limit concentration of the carbon monoxide concentration detector 25 to be used, and is between several ppm to several hundred ppm, and the detection lower limit of the carbon monoxide concentration detector 25 to be used. It is preferable that the concentration be close to 1, and 1000 ppm may be used.
- the first carbon monoxide concentration C1 is determined by the carbon monoxide concentration detector 25 when the combustor 14b does not perform combustion (for example, when the power generation system 100 is stopped and only the ventilation fan 13 is operating).
- the detected carbon monoxide concentration may be stored as carbon monoxide concentration zero, and a value obtained by adding a predetermined concentration from zero carbon monoxide concentration may be used as the first carbon monoxide concentration C1.
- the predetermined concentration differs depending on the carbon monoxide concentration detection accuracy of the carbon monoxide concentration detector to be used. Therefore, it is preferable to set the value depending on the carbon monoxide concentration detector to be used, and no false detection occurs. It is preferable to set the range. For example, when the carbon monoxide concentration detector has an accuracy of ⁇ 0.5%, the first carbon monoxide concentration C1 may be set as + 1% from the detected carbon monoxide concentration.
- step S101C When the carbon monoxide concentration C acquired in step S101C is equal to or lower than the first carbon monoxide concentration C1 (No in step S102C), the control device 102 returns to step S101C and returns to the first carbon monoxide concentration C1. Step S101C and step S102C are repeated until it becomes larger. On the other hand, when the carbon monoxide concentration C acquired in step S101C is higher than the first carbon monoxide concentration C1 (in other words, the carbon monoxide concentration C acquired in step S101C is the first carbon monoxide concentration C1). If it is outside the range of the density C1 (Yes in step S102C), the process proceeds to step S103. In step S ⁇ b> 103, the control device 102 stops the operation of the power generation system 100.
- the power generation system 100 according to the second modification configured as described above has the same operational effects as the power generation system 100 according to the second embodiment.
- the control device 102 determines whether or not the carbon monoxide concentration in the air supply passage 78 detected by the carbon monoxide concentration detector 25 is greater than the first carbon monoxide concentration C1. However, it is determined whether or not the discharge channel 70 is broken, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, when the difference ⁇ C of the carbon monoxide concentration C detected by the carbon monoxide concentration detector 25 before and after a predetermined time is smaller than the predetermined threshold concentration ⁇ C1 obtained in advance through experiments or the like, the discharge flow path 70 is broken. You may comprise so that it may be judged.
- the breakage detector is configured with a carbon dioxide concentration detector
- the control device is provided with the carbon dioxide concentration detector in the housing or the air supply channel, and the carbon dioxide concentration detector.
- the detected carbon dioxide concentration is larger than the preset first carbon dioxide concentration, or the carbon dioxide concentration detector is provided in the discharge channel, and the carbon dioxide concentration detected by the carbon dioxide concentration detector is preset.
- the measured carbon dioxide concentration is smaller than the second carbon dioxide concentration, and when the carbon dioxide concentration detected by the carbon dioxide concentration detector is larger than the third carbon dioxide concentration, which is a concentration larger than the second carbon dioxide concentration.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a power generation system according to Modification 3 of Embodiment 2.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a power generation system according to Modification 3 of Embodiment 2.
- the power generation system 100 of Modification 3 has the same basic configuration as the power generation system 100 according to Embodiment 2, but instead of the pressure detector 21, a carbon dioxide concentration detector 26. Is different in that the air supply channel 78 is provided.
- the carbon dioxide concentration detector 26 may have any configuration as long as it can detect the carbon dioxide concentration in the air supply flow path 78, and the device to be used is not limited.
- the carbon dioxide concentration detector 26 is configured to be disposed in the air supply channel 78, but is not limited thereto, and the sensor portion is disposed in the air supply channel 78, It is good also as a structure which arrange
- the carbon dioxide concentration detector 26 may be provided at any location as long as it is in the air supply flow path 78, but from the viewpoint of making it easier to detect breakage of the discharge flow path 70. It is preferable that the air supply channel 78 be provided in the downstream portion.
- FIG. 10 is a flowchart schematically showing a damage detection operation of the power generation system according to the third modification example in the second embodiment.
- the damage detection operation of the power generation system 100 according to the third modification has the same basic operation as the damage detection operation of the power generation system 100 according to the first embodiment. Instead of S101 and S102, Step S101D and Step S102D are different.
- control device 102 acquires the carbon dioxide concentration C in the air supply passage 78 detected by the carbon dioxide concentration detector 26 (step S101D). Next, the control device 102 determines whether or not the carbon dioxide concentration C acquired in step S101D is greater than the first carbon dioxide concentration C1 (step S102D).
- the first carbon dioxide concentration C1 may be, for example, a concentration range of carbon dioxide in the air supply passage 78 when the power generation system 100 is operating and the discharge passage 70 is not damaged.
- the highest value in the concentration range may be used.
- the first carbon dioxide concentration C1 is detected by the carbon dioxide concentration detector 26 when combustion is not performed in the combustor 14b (for example, when the power generation system 100 is stopped and only the ventilation fan 13 is operating).
- a value obtained by adding a predetermined concentration to the carbon dioxide concentration in the supply air flow path 78 may be used. Thereby, even if a deviation occurs between the carbon dioxide concentration detected by the carbon dioxide concentration detector 26 and the actual carbon dioxide concentration due to long-term use or the like, it is possible to suppress erroneous detection.
- the predetermined concentration differs depending on the carbon dioxide concentration detection accuracy of the carbon dioxide concentration detector to be used. Therefore, it is preferable to set the value depending on the carbon dioxide concentration detector to be used, and set it within a range where no false detection occurs. It is preferable to do this. For example, when the carbon dioxide concentration detector has an accuracy of ⁇ 0.5%, the first carbon dioxide concentration C1 may be set as + 1% from the carbon dioxide concentration at the standard time.
- step S101D When the carbon dioxide concentration C acquired in step S101D is equal to or lower than the first carbon dioxide concentration C1 (No in step S102D), the control device 102 returns to step S101D and becomes larger than the first carbon dioxide concentration C1. Until step S101D and step S102D are repeated. On the other hand, when the carbon dioxide concentration C acquired in step S101D is larger than the first carbon dioxide concentration C1 (in other words, the carbon dioxide concentration C acquired in step S101D is outside the first carbon dioxide concentration C1 range). If (Yes in step S102D), the process proceeds to step S103. In step S ⁇ b> 103, the control device 102 stops the operation of the power generation system 100.
- the power generation system 100 according to the third modification configured as described above has the same effects as the power generation system 100 according to the second embodiment.
- the control device 102 determines whether or not the carbon dioxide concentration in the air supply passage 78 detected by the carbon dioxide concentration detector 26 is higher than the first carbon dioxide concentration C1. Although it was determined whether or not the discharge channel 70 is broken, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, when the difference ⁇ C of the carbon dioxide concentration C detected by the carbon dioxide concentration detector 26 before and after a predetermined time is larger than a predetermined threshold concentration ⁇ C1 obtained in advance through experiments or the like, the discharge flow path 70 is damaged. You may comprise so that it may be judged.
- the form in which the carbon dioxide concentration detector 26 is provided in the air supply flow path 78 is adopted, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and a form in which the carbon dioxide concentration detector 26 is provided in the housing 12 may be adopted.
- the control device 102 can detect the breakage of the discharge channel 70 in the same manner as described above.
- the present invention is not limited thereto, and a form in which the oxygen concentration detector 22 is provided in the discharge flow path 70 may be adopted.
- the exhaust passage 70 is damaged, so that the exhaust gas from the power generation system 100 is supplied into the power generation system 100 (housing 12) via the air supply passage 78.
- the carbon dioxide concentration in the air supplied to the fuel cell 11 and the combustion fan 14 c and the air sent out by the ventilation fan 13 increases, and the carbon dioxide concentration of the exhaust gas discharged from the power generation system 100 to the discharge flow path 70. Will increase.
- the control device 102 detects the carbon dioxide concentration detected by the carbon dioxide concentration detector 26 in the discharge flow path 70 when the power generation system 100 is operating and the discharge flow path 70 is not damaged.
- the carbon dioxide concentration range is higher than the third carbon dioxide concentration C3, which is the highest value, it may be determined that the discharge flow path 70 is broken.
- the third carbon dioxide concentration C3 is detected by the carbon dioxide concentration detector 26 when combustion is not performed in the combustor 14b (for example, when the power generation system 100 is stopped and only the ventilation fan 13 is operating).
- a value obtained by adding a predetermined concentration from the highest value in the carbon dioxide concentration range in the discharge flow path 70 may be used.
- the discharge flow path 70 (the air supply flow path 78 is also large) is large in a portion upstream of the carbon dioxide concentration detector 26.
- the carbon dioxide concentration detector 26 detects the carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere.
- the control device 102 detects that the carbon dioxide concentration detected by the carbon dioxide concentration detector 26 is smaller than the second carbon dioxide concentration C2, which is a carbon dioxide concentration lower than the third carbon dioxide concentration C2. It may be determined that the path 70 is damaged.
- the second carbon dioxide concentration C2 is the lowest value of the concentration range of carbon dioxide in the discharge flow path 70 when the power generation system 100 is operating and the discharge flow path 70 is not damaged. Also good.
- the second carbon dioxide concentration C2 is detected by the carbon dioxide concentration detector 26 when combustion is not performed in the combustor 14b (for example, when the power generation system 100 is stopped and only the ventilation fan 13 is operating). Alternatively, a value obtained by adding a predetermined concentration from the lowest value in the carbon dioxide concentration range in the discharge flow path 70 may be used.
- the control device 102 is operating the power generation system 100 with the discharge flow path 70 and the air supply flow path 78 not damaged.
- the carbon dioxide concentration range in the discharge flow path 70 is measured and the carbon dioxide concentration detector 26 detects a carbon dioxide concentration outside the oxygen concentration range, the discharge flow path 70 is damaged. Can be determined.
- FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a power generation system according to Modification 4 of Embodiment 2.
- the power generation system 100 of Modification 4 has the same basic configuration as the power generation system 100 according to Embodiment 2, but instead of the pressure detector 21, a carbon monoxide concentration detector. 25 is provided near the downstream end of the air supply passage 78. More specifically, a point where the upstream end of the air supply flow path (combustion air supply flow path) 79 is located in the vicinity of the downstream end of the supply air flow path 78 and a carbon monoxide concentration detector 25 are provided in the air supply flow path 79. The point is different.
- a combustion fan (combustion air supplier) 14 c is provided in the middle of the air supply flow path 79.
- a carbon monoxide concentration detector 25 is provided in the vicinity of the upstream end of the air supply channel 79.
- the carbon monoxide concentration detector 25 is disposed in the air supply flow path 79 to detect the carbon monoxide concentration in the exhaust gas, and the discharge flow path 70 is damaged. Can be determined. Note that the operation of detecting the breakage of the discharge flow path 70 by the control device 102 is performed in the same manner as in the power generation system 100 of the second modification, and thus detailed description thereof is omitted.
- the power generation system 100 of the fourth modification configured as described above has the same operational effects as the power generation system 100 according to the second embodiment.
- the downstream end of the air supply flow path 79 is disposed closer to the downstream end of the air supply flow path 78 than the downstream end of the ventilation flow path 75, thereby backflowing discharge. Gas is easily supplied to the combustor 14 b via the air supply flow path 79. For this reason, in the electric power generation system 100 of this modification 4, it becomes possible to detect the failure
- the downstream end of the air supply flow path 79 is disposed closer to the downstream end of the air supply flow path 78 than the downstream end of the oxidant gas supply flow path 72.
- the backflowed exhaust gas is easily supplied to the combustor 14 b via the air supply flow path 79. For this reason, in the electric power generation system 100 of this modification 4, it becomes possible to detect the failure
- the form in which the carbon monoxide concentration detector 25 is provided in the air supply flow path 79 is adopted, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
- the downstream end of the oxidant gas supply channel 72 is configured to be positioned near the downstream end of the supply channel 78, and the carbon monoxide concentration detector 25 is provided near the downstream end of the oxidant gas supply channel 72.
- a form may be adopted.
- a configuration is adopted in which the downstream end of the ventilation channel 75 is positioned near the downstream end of the air supply channel 78 and the carbon monoxide concentration detector 25 is provided near the downstream end of the ventilation channel 75. May be.
- the oxidant gas supply unit 15 is not operating during startup until the power generation system 100 starts operation and power generation in the fuel cell 11 is started.
- the reformer 14a is heated by combustion in the combustor 14b so that the reformer 14a can generate the amount of hydrogen necessary for power generation in the fuel cell 11, so that the high temperature exhaust gas is generated. It is discharged.
- the ventilation fan 13 is not necessarily operated when high-temperature exhaust gas is exhausted.
- combustion in the combustor 14b it is necessary to continue to suck in combustion air from the inside of the housing 12, and when the combustion air becomes less than a predetermined flow rate, combustion in the combustor 14b is continued. Becomes impossible, and high temperature gas is not exhausted. That is, when high-temperature gas is discharged, combustion air (gas in the housing 12) is supplied to the combustor 14b at a predetermined flow rate or more. For this reason, by providing the carbon monoxide concentration detector 25 in the air supply flow path 79, the carbon monoxide generated in the combustor 14b can be detected more quickly.
- a carbon monoxide concentration detector 25 is provided, and whether or not the discharge flow path 70 is damaged by the carbon monoxide concentration detected by the carbon monoxide concentration detector 25.
- the present invention is not limited to this.
- the carbon monoxide concentration detector 25 an embodiment in which the oxygen concentration detector 22 is provided may be adopted.
- the discharge passage 70 is damaged in the same manner as the power generation system 100 of the first modification. Can be detected.
- a configuration in which a carbon dioxide concentration detector 26 is provided instead of the carbon monoxide concentration detector 25 may be adopted. In this case, breakage of the discharge flow path 70 can be detected in the same manner as in the power generation system 100 of the third modification.
- the breakage detector is configured by a temperature detector
- the control device is configured such that the temperature detected by the temperature detector is a preset first temperature.
- the discharge channel is determined to be broken when the temperature is higher than the first temperature or lower than the second temperature that is lower than the first temperature.
- FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a power generation system according to Modification 5 of Embodiment 2.
- FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a power generation system according to Modification 5 of Embodiment 2.
- the power generation system 100 of Modification 5 has the same basic configuration as the power generation system 100 according to Embodiment 2, but a temperature detector 23 is supplied in place of the pressure detector 21.
- the difference is that the air channel 78 is provided.
- the temperature detector 23 may have any configuration as long as the temperature in the air supply channel 78 can be detected, and the device used is not limited.
- the temperature detector 23 is arranged in the air supply channel 78.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and the sensor part is arranged in the air supply channel 78, and the other parts are arranged. It is good also as a structure arrange
- the discharge flow path 70 is completely divided and greatly damaged, the flow rate of exhaust gas from the power generation system 100 increases and the flow rate of gas (air) flowing through the air supply flow path 78 also increases. It is assumed that the temperature detected by the temperature detector 23 provided in the supply air flow path 78 decreases. Further, the temperature of the gas (air) flowing through the air supply flow path 78 rises by exchanging heat with the gas flowing through the discharge flow path 70. For example, both the discharge flow path 70 and the air supply flow path 78 are damaged. In such a case, it is assumed that the temperature of the gas (air) flowing through the air supply passage 78 does not increase.
- the controller 102 detects that the temperature detected by the temperature detector 23 is the highest in the temperature range in the discharge flow path 70 when the power generation system 100 is operating and the discharge flow path 70 is not damaged.
- the temperature is lower than the second temperature, which is a low value, it can be determined that the discharge channel 70 is broken.
- control device 102 can determine that the discharge flow path 70 is broken when the temperature detected by the temperature detector 23 is outside a predetermined temperature range set in advance.
- damage detection operation of the power generation system 100 by the control device 102 based on the temperature detected by the temperature detector 23 will be described with reference to FIG.
- FIG. 13 is a flowchart schematically showing the damage detection operation of the power generation system according to the fifth modification example in the second embodiment.
- the damage detection operation of the power generation system 100 according to the fifth modification has the same basic operation as the damage detection operation of the power generation system 100 according to the first embodiment. Instead of S101 and S102, Step S101B and Step S102B are different.
- control device 102 acquires the temperature T in the air supply passage 78 detected by the temperature detector 23 (step S101B). Next, the control device 102 determines whether or not the temperature T acquired in step S101B is lower than the second temperature T2 or higher than the first temperature T1 (step S102B).
- the first temperature T1 may be the highest temperature in the temperature range by obtaining the temperature range of the air supply passage 78 when the discharge passage 70 is damaged by, for example, experiments in advance. .
- you may set 1st temperature T1 as a temperature 20 degreeC high, for example with respect to the temperature inside building 200, or external temperature, for example.
- the second temperature T2 may be the lowest temperature in the temperature range by obtaining the temperature range of the air supply passage 78 when the discharge passage 70 is damaged in advance through experiments or the like.
- the second temperature T2 may be set, for example, as a temperature that is 20 ° C. lower than the temperature inside the building 200 or the outside air temperature.
- step S101B When the temperature T acquired in step S101B is equal to or higher than the second temperature T2 and equal to or lower than the first temperature T1 (No in step S102B), the control device 102 returns to step S101B and returns to the second temperature T2. Steps S101B and S102B are repeated until the temperature becomes lower or higher than the first temperature T1. On the other hand, if the temperature T acquired in step S101B is lower than the second temperature T2 or higher than the first temperature T1 (Yes in step S102B), the control device 102 proceeds to step S103. In step S ⁇ b> 103, the control device 102 stops the operation of the power generation system 100.
- the temperature detector 23 is provided in the supply air flow path 78, and whether or not the temperature T detected by the temperature detector 23 is lower than the second temperature T2 or the first Although it has been configured to determine whether or not the discharge flow path 70 is damaged by determining whether or not the temperature is higher than the temperature T1 of 1, the present invention is not limited to this.
- the difference ⁇ T of the temperature T detected by the temperature detector 23 before and after a predetermined time is smaller than a second threshold temperature ⁇ T2 that has been obtained in advance through experiments or the like, or a threshold that is greater than the second threshold temperature. It may be configured to determine whether or not the discharge flow path 70 is damaged by determining whether or not the temperature is higher than a first threshold temperature ⁇ T1 that is a temperature. The reason will be described below.
- ⁇ T is smaller than the second threshold temperature ⁇ T2 obtained in advance through experiments or the like.
- the combustor 14b operates to heat the reformer 14a to a temperature at which the reforming reaction can be performed, so that the temperature of the combustion exhaust gas discharged to the discharge passage 70 is gradually increased.
- the temperature of the air supply passage 78 that exchanges heat with the discharge passage 70 also gradually increases.
- the temperature detected by the temperature detector 23 should gradually increase.
- the control device 102 determines that the discharge flow path 70 is. Can be determined to be damaged.
- the combustor 14b operates to heat the reformer 14a to a temperature at which the reforming reaction can be performed, so that the temperature of the combustion exhaust gas discharged to the discharge passage 70 gradually increases. Get higher.
- the temperature of the air supply passage 78 that exchanges heat with the discharge passage 70 also gradually increases. In this case, the temperature detected by the temperature detector 23 should gradually increase.
- the control device 102 determines that the discharge channel 70 is damaged. be able to.
- the form in which the temperature detector 23 is arranged in the air supply flow path 78 is adopted, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the form in which the temperature detector 23 is arranged in the discharge flow path 70 is adopted. Also good.
- the control device 102 may determine that the discharge flow path 70 is damaged when the temperature detected by the temperature detector 23 is lower than the preset third temperature T3.
- the third temperature T3 may be the lowest temperature in the temperature range by obtaining the temperature range of the discharge flow path 70 when the discharge flow path 70 is not damaged in advance by, for example, experiments. .
- the temperature detector 23 is arrange
- the control device 102 may determine that the discharge channel 70 is damaged when the temperature detected by the temperature detector 23 is higher than the preset fourth temperature T4.
- the fourth temperature T4 may be determined in advance by, for example, an experiment or the like to obtain a temperature range of the discharge flow path 70 when the discharge flow path 70 is not damaged, and may be the highest temperature in the temperature range. .
- control device 102 measures the temperature range in the discharge flow path 70 or the supply air flow path 78 while the power generation system 100 is operating in a state where the discharge flow path 70 and the supply air flow path 78 are not damaged.
- the temperature detector 23 detects a temperature outside the temperature range, it can be determined that the discharge flow path 70 is broken.
- the breakage detector is a combustible gas detector disposed inside the air supply passage or the casing, and the control device operates the fuel cell system. This is an example of a mode in which it is determined that the discharge channel is broken when the combustible gas detector detects the combustible gas when the engine is stopped.
- FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a power generation system according to Modification 6 of Embodiment 2.
- the power generation system 100 of Modification 6 has the same basic configuration as the power generation system 100 according to Embodiment 2, but instead of the pressure detector 21, a combustible gas detector 24 is provided.
- the difference is that the air supply channel 78 is provided.
- the combustible gas detector 24 may have any configuration as long as it can detect the concentration of the combustible gas (for example, a raw material such as hydrogen or methane) in the air supply passage 78, and the device used. Is not limited.
- the combustible gas detected by the combustible gas detector 24 may be one type of combustible gas or a plurality of types of combustible gas.
- the combustible gas detector 24 is configured to be disposed in the air supply flow path 78.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and the sensor portion is disposed in the air supply flow path 78, and the other parts. May be arranged outside the air supply flow path 78.
- the combustible gas detector 24 may be provided at any location within the supply air flow path 78, but from the viewpoint of making it easier to detect the breakage of the discharge flow path 70. It is preferable to provide in the downstream part of the air supply flow path 78. Further, the combustible gas detector 24 may be disposed in the housing 12.
- FIG. 15 is a flowchart schematically showing a damage detection operation of the power generation system of Modification 6 in Embodiment 2.
- the damage detection operation of the power generation system 100 according to Embodiment 1 is that the damage detection operation is performed while the fuel cell system 101 is stopped. And different.
- the control device 102 operates a raw material supplier and a combustion fan 14c (not shown) while the power generation system 100 is stopped (step S201).
- the raw material as combustible gas is supplied to the combustor 14b from the raw material supplier.
- air is supplied from the combustion fan 14c to the combustor 14b.
- the raw material supplied to the combustor 14 b is diluted with air and discharged from the combustion exhaust gas flow channel 80 to the discharge flow channel 70.
- the raw material and air discharged to the discharge flow path 70 flow through the discharge flow path 70 and are discharged from the downstream end (opening) of the discharge flow path 70 to the atmosphere.
- the control device 102 acquires the concentration c of the combustible gas in the air supply passage 78 detected by the combustible gas detector 24 (step S202).
- the control device 102 preferably acquires the concentration c after the raw material is discharged from the downstream end of the discharge flow path 70 to the atmosphere from the viewpoint of more accurately detecting the breakage of the discharge flow path 70.
- the control device 102 obtains in advance a time from when the raw material supplier is operated until the raw material is discharged from the downstream end of the discharge flow path 70 to the atmosphere. What is necessary is just to be comprised so that combustible gas concentration c may be acquired.
- the control device 102 determines whether or not the concentration c acquired in step S202 is equal to or higher than the second concentration C2 (step S203).
- the second concentration C2 may be a concentration range obtained in advance by, for example, obtaining the concentration of the combustible gas in the air supply passage 78 when the discharge passage 70 is damaged by an experiment or the like.
- step S202 When the density c acquired in step S202 is smaller than the second density C2 (No in step S203), the control device 102 proceeds to step S205. On the other hand, when the density c acquired in step S202 is equal to or higher than the second density C2 (Yes in step S203), the control apparatus 102 proceeds to step S204.
- step S204 the control device 102 prohibits activation of the power generation system 100. That is, the control device 102 prohibits activation of both the fuel cell system 101 and the combustion device 103.
- the control device 102 stops the raw material supplier and the combustion fan 14c (step S205), and ends this program.
- the raw material supply unit is configured to supply the raw material to the combustor 14b.
- the raw material supply unit supplies the raw material to the reformer 14a.
- the raw material may be supplied from the combustion exhaust gas passage 80 to the exhaust passage 70 through the fuel gas supply passage 71 and the like.
- the combustion fan 14c is operated to dilute the raw material supplied to the discharge passage 70.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and the ventilation fan 13 and the oxidant gas supply are not limited thereto. You may comprise so that the raw material supplied to the discharge flow path 70 may be diluted by operating the container 15.
- the breakage detection operation is performed while the power generation system 100 (fuel cell system 101) is stopped.
- the present invention is not limited to this.
- the damage detection operation may be performed when the power generation system 100 (fuel cell system 101) is activated.
- the power generation system according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention further includes a combustion device arranged outside the housing, and the discharge flow path has at least two outlets so that the upstream end thereof is connected to each of the combustion device and the fuel cell system. This is an example of an embodiment branched into two.
- FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram showing a schematic configuration of the power generation system according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- the power generation system 100 according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention has the same basic configuration as the power generation system 100 according to Embodiment 2, but is a combustion device arranged outside the casing 12.
- the point which is further provided with 103 differs from the point which the discharge flow path 70 is comprised so that the housing
- the combustion device 103 includes a combustor 17 and a combustion fan (combustion air supply device) 18.
- the combustor 17 and the combustion fan 18 are connected via a combustion air supply passage 76.
- the combustion fan 18 may have any configuration as long as it can supply combustion air to the combustor 17.
- the combustion fan 18 may be configured by fans such as a fan and a blower.
- Combustion fuel such as combustible gas such as natural gas or liquid fuel such as kerosene is supplied to the combustor 17 from a combustion fuel supply unit (not shown).
- a combustion fuel supply unit not shown
- the combustion air supplied from the combustion fan 18 and the combustion fuel supplied from the combustion fuel supplier are burned to generate heat, and combustion exhaust gas is generated.
- the generated heat can be used to heat water. That is, the combustion device 103 may be used as a boiler.
- the upstream end of the exhaust gas passage 77 is connected to the combustor 17, and the downstream end of the exhaust gas passage 77 is connected to the exhaust passage 70.
- the combustion exhaust gas generated by the combustor 17 is discharged to the discharge passage 70 via the exhaust gas passage 77. That is, the combustion exhaust gas generated by the combustor 17 is discharged to the discharge passage 70 as the exhaust gas discharged from the combustion device 103.
- the combustion exhaust gas discharged to the discharge flow path 70 flows through the discharge flow path 70 and is discharged outside the building 200.
- a hole 19 penetrating in the thickness direction of the wall is provided at an appropriate position of the wall constituting the combustion device 103, and a pipe constituting the exhaust passage 70 and a pipe constituting the air supply passage 78 (that is, a double pipe) ) Is connected. That is, the discharge channel 70 is branched, and the two upstream ends are connected to the holes 16 and 19 respectively. Similarly, the supply air flow path 78 is branched, and the two downstream ends are connected to the holes 16 and 19 respectively.
- FIG. 17 is a flowchart schematically showing the damage detection operation of the power generation system according to the third embodiment.
- the control device 102 acquires the pressure P in the discharge flow path 70 detected by the pressure detector 21 while the combustion device 103 is operating.
- the operation of the combustion device 103 refers to a period during which exhaust gas is discharged from the combustion device 103 to the discharge flow path 70.
- at least one of the combustor 17 and the combustion fan 18 is in operation. Therefore, the case where the combustor 17 is not operated and only the combustion fan 18 is operated is also included in the operation of the combustion device 103.
- control device 102 determines whether or not the pressure P acquired in step S301 is larger than the fifth pressure value P5 (first pressure) or is a pressure smaller than the fifth pressure value P5. It is determined whether or not it is smaller than the pressure value P6 (second pressure) (step S302).
- the fifth pressure value P5 is obtained, for example, in advance by an experiment or the like to obtain a pressure range when the exhaust gas exhausted from the power generation system 100 flows through the exhaust flow path 70.
- the highest pressure may be used.
- the pressure range detected by the pressure detector 21 changes depending on the shape (inner diameter and length) of the discharge flow path 70, when the power generation system 100 is installed, the discharge in the air supply / exhaust mechanism 104 in a state where there is no damage. It is preferable to measure the pressure range in the flow path 70 and set the highest pressure as the fifth pressure value P5 in the measured pressure range.
- the sixth pressure value P6 is obtained by, for example, obtaining a pressure range when the exhaust gas discharged from the power generation system 100 flows through the discharge passage 70 by an experiment or the like in advance. Of these, the lowest pressure may be used.
- the pressure range detected by the pressure detector 21 changes depending on the shape (inner diameter and length) of the discharge flow path 70, when the power generation system 100 is installed, the discharge in the air supply / exhaust mechanism 104 in a state where there is no damage. It is preferable to measure the pressure range in the flow path 70 and set the lowest pressure in the measured pressure range as the sixth pressure value P6.
- step S301 When the pressure P acquired in step S301 is not less than the sixth pressure value P6 and not more than the fifth pressure value P5 (No in step S302), the control device 102 returns to step S301, Steps S301 and S302 are repeated until P is less than the sixth pressure value P6 or until the pressure P is greater than the fifth pressure value P5.
- the control device 102 discharges the discharge flow path 70. Is determined to be damaged, and the process proceeds to step S303.
- step S303 the control device 102 stops the operation of the combustion device 103. Thereby, the discharge of the exhaust gas from the combustion device 103 to the discharge flow path 70 is stopped, and the backflow of the exhaust gas from the discharge flow path 70 into the housing 12 is suppressed.
- step S304 the control device 102 checks whether or not the fuel cell system 101 is stopped.
- the control device 102 stops the operation of the fuel cell system 101 (step S305), and proceeds to step S306. This is because the exhaust gas discharged from the fuel cell system 101 flows back into the housing 12 when the fuel cell system 101 is operating.
- step S304 the control device 102 proceeds to step S306.
- step S306 the control device 102 prohibits activation of the power generation system 100.
- the control device 102 operates, for example, a remote controller (not shown) from a user of the power generation system 100 and a start request signal is transmitted to the control device 102. Even when the start-up time is reached, the start-up process of the power generation system 100 is prohibited by not permitting the start-up process of the power generation system 100. In addition, since starting of the electric power generation system 100 is prohibited, naturally starting of the combustion apparatus 103 is also prohibited.
- the control device 102 prohibits the operation of the power generation system 100, thereby The exhaust gas is prevented from flowing backward. For this reason, it is suppressed that a hot exhaust gas stays in the housing
- the discharge flow path 70 is arrange
- the combustion device 103 if such a desulfurizer for desulfurizing a sulfur compound contained in natural gas or the like is not provided, the combustion device 103 by performing the combustion operation, SO x is generated.
- the generated SO x flows backward from the discharge flow path 70 into the housing 12 via the air supply flow path 78 and is supplied to the cathode of the fuel cell 11. This may accelerate the poisoning of the catalyst contained in the cathode.
- the exhaust gas from the combustor 103 that has flowed backward is supplied to the combustor 14b, incomplete combustion may occur in the combustor 14b, and CO may be generated. Furthermore, if the generated CO flows into the fuel cell 11, the catalyst of the fuel cell 11 may deteriorate, and the power generation efficiency of the fuel cell 11 may be reduced.
- the control device 102 prohibits the operation of the power generation system 100, the exhaust gas (including CO and SO x ) from the combustion device 103 is inhibited. By suppressing the backflow into the housing 12, it is possible to suppress the supply of CO and SO x to the fuel cell 11.
- poisoning of the cathode of the fuel cell 11 can be suppressed, a decrease in power generation efficiency of the fuel cell 11 can be suppressed, and the durability of the power generation system 100 can be improved. Can be improved.
- control device 102 performs control so that the combustion device 103 and the fuel cell system 101 are stopped separately, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- the power generation system 100 may be controlled to be stopped at once.
- the power generation system of Modification 1 in Embodiment 3 further includes a combustion device arranged outside the housing, and a ventilator that ventilates the inside of the housing by discharging the air in the housing to the discharge flow path
- the damage detector is composed of a gas concentration detector that detects the concentration of at least one of the carbon monoxide concentration and the carbon dioxide concentration, and the control device is not generating power by the fuel cell system,
- the gas concentration obtained by adding a predetermined concentration from the gas concentration detected by the gas concentration detector is used as a reference. This is an example of an aspect of determining that the discharge flow path is broken when the gas concentration stored in the gas concentration and detected by the gas concentration detector is outside the range of the reference gas concentration.
- FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a power generation system according to Modification 1 of Embodiment 3.
- the power generation system 100 of Modification 1 has the same basic configuration as the power generation system 100 according to Embodiment 3, but instead of the pressure detector 21, a carbon monoxide concentration detector.
- the difference is that the (gas concentration detector) 25 is provided in the air supply channel 78.
- the carbon monoxide concentration detector 25 may have any configuration as long as it can detect the carbon monoxide concentration in the supply air channel 78, and the device used is not limited.
- the carbon monoxide concentration detector 25 is configured to be disposed in the air supply channel 78, but is not limited thereto, and the sensor portion is disposed in the air supply channel 78. It is good also as a structure which arrange
- the carbon monoxide concentration detector 25 may be disposed in the discharge flow path 70 or in the housing 12.
- FIG. 19 is a flowchart schematically showing a breakage detection operation of the power generation system of the first modification in the third embodiment.
- step S401 the control device 102 (more precisely, the damage determination device of the control device 102), the fuel cell system 101 does not generate power, and the combustor 14b and the combustion device 103 perform combustion. It is determined whether the ventilation fan 13 is operating or not (step S401). If the fuel cell system 101 is not generating power, the combustor 14b and the combustion device 103 are not combusting, and the ventilation fan 13 is operating, the control device 102 performs step S402. Otherwise, step S401 is repeated.
- control device 102 performs ventilation when the fuel cell system 101 is not generating power, the combustor 14b and the combustion device 103 are not burning, and the ventilation fan 13 is not operating.
- the fan 13 may be operated to satisfy the condition of step S401.
- step S402 the control unit 102 obtains the concentration of carbon monoxide C 0 from the carbon monoxide concentration detector 25.
- the control unit 102 adds the predetermined concentration of carbon monoxide C 0 obtained in step S402, and calculates the reference CO concentration (reference gas concentration) in the storage unit, not shown in FIG. 18 ( Step S403).
- the predetermined concentration differs depending on the carbon monoxide concentration detection accuracy of the carbon monoxide concentration detector to be used. Therefore, it is preferable to set the value depending on the carbon monoxide concentration detector to be used, and no false detection occurs. It is preferable to set the range. For example, when the carbon monoxide concentration detector to be used detects carbon monoxide in the range of several ppm to several hundred ppm, the predetermined concentration is preferably close to the detection lower limit, and is 1000 ppm. Also good.
- the control device 102 acquires the carbon monoxide concentration C from the carbon monoxide concentration detector 25 while the fuel cell system 101 is generating power and / or the combustion device 103 is operating (step S404), for example. It is determined whether or not the acquired carbon monoxide concentration C is outside the range of the reference CO concentration (more accurately, whether or not the acquired carbon monoxide concentration C is larger than the reference CO concentration) ( Step S405).
- step S404 When the carbon monoxide concentration C acquired in step S404 is within the range of the reference CO concentration (more precisely, the control device 102 is more accurately when the carbon monoxide concentration C acquired in step S404 is less than or equal to the reference CO concentration). In (No in step S405), step S404 and step S405 are repeated until the carbon monoxide concentration C acquired in step S404 falls outside the range of the reference CO concentration. On the other hand, when the carbon monoxide concentration C acquired in step S404 is outside the range of the reference CO concentration (Yes in step S405), the control apparatus 102 proceeds to step S406.
- step S406 the control device 102 stops the operation of the power generation system 100.
- the control device 102 prohibits activation of the power generation system 100 (step S407).
- the control device 102 operates, for example, a remote controller (not shown) from a user of the power generation system 100 and a start request signal is transmitted to the control device 102. Even when the start-up time is reached, the start-up process of the power generation system 100 is prohibited by not permitting the start-up process of the power generation system 100. In addition, since starting of the electric power generation system 100 is prohibited, naturally starting of the combustion apparatus 103 is also prohibited.
- the power generation system 100 according to the first modification configured as described above has the same effects as the power generation system 100 according to the third embodiment.
- the power generation system of Modification 2 in Embodiment 3 further includes a combustion device arranged outside the housing, and a ventilator that ventilates the inside of the housing by discharging the air in the housing to the discharge flow path,
- the damage detector is composed of an oxygen concentration detector
- the control device is not generating power by the fuel cell system
- the combustor and the combustion device are not burning
- the ventilator is not
- the oxygen concentration obtained by subtracting a predetermined concentration from the oxygen concentration detected by the oxygen concentration detector is stored as the reference oxygen concentration
- the oxygen concentration detected by the oxygen concentration detector is the reference oxygen concentration. In the case where it is out of the range, the mode for judging that the discharge channel is broken is illustrated.
- FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a power generation system according to Modification 2 of Embodiment 3.
- the power generation system 100 of Modification 2 has the same basic configuration as that of the power generation system 100 according to Embodiment 3, but instead of the pressure detector 21, an oxygen concentration detector (gas The difference is that the concentration detector 22 is provided in the air supply passage 78.
- the oxygen concentration detector 22 may have any configuration as long as it can detect the oxygen concentration in the air supply flow path 78, and the device to be used is not limited.
- the oxygen concentration detector 22 is configured to be disposed in the air supply channel 78, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the sensor portion is disposed in the air supply channel 78, and the other parts. May be arranged outside the air supply flow path 78. Further, the oxygen concentration detector 22 may be disposed in the discharge flow path 70 or in the housing 12.
- the control device 102 detects the oxygen concentration in the air supply passage 78 when the discharge passage 70 is not damaged, and subtracts a predetermined concentration from the concentration.
- the value is stored as a reference oxygen concentration (reference gas concentration), and when the oxygen concentration detected by the oxygen concentration detector 22 is outside the range of the reference oxygen concentration, it is determined that the discharge flow path 70 is broken.
- reference oxygen concentration reference gas concentration
- FIG. 21 is a flowchart schematically showing the damage detection operation of the power generation system according to the second modification in the third embodiment.
- step S501 determines whether the ventilation fan 13 is operating or not. If the fuel cell system 101 is not generating power, the combustor 14b and the combustion device 103 are not combusting, and the ventilation fan 13 is operating, the control device 102 performs step S502. If not, step S501 is repeated.
- control device 102 performs ventilation when the fuel cell system 101 is not generating power, the combustor 14b and the combustion device 103 are not burning, and the ventilation fan 13 is not operating.
- the fan 13 may be operated so as to satisfy the condition of step S501.
- the control unit 102 obtains the oxygen concentration C 0 from the oxygen concentration detector 22.
- the control unit 102 a predetermined concentration of the oxygen concentration C 0 obtained by subtracting in step S502, the reference oxygen concentration (reference gas concentration) is calculated in the storage unit, not shown in FIG. 20 (step S503 ).
- the predetermined concentration differs depending on the oxygen concentration detection accuracy of the oxygen concentration detector to be used. Therefore, it is preferable to set the value depending on the oxygen concentration detector to be used, and set it within a range where no erroneous detection occurs. preferable. For example, when the oxygen concentration detector has an accuracy of ⁇ 0.5%, the predetermined concentration may be set as 1%.
- control device 102 acquires the oxygen concentration C from the oxygen concentration detector 22 while the fuel cell system 101 is generating power and / or the combustion device 103 is operating (step S504), and the acquired oxygen It is determined whether or not the concentration C is out of the reference oxygen concentration range (step S505).
- step S504 When the oxygen concentration C acquired in step S504 is within the range of the reference oxygen concentration (No in step S505), the control apparatus 102 until the oxygen concentration C acquired in step S504 is outside the range of the reference oxygen concentration. Step S504 and Step S505 are repeated. On the other hand, when the oxygen concentration C acquired in step S504 is out of the reference oxygen concentration range (Yes in step S505), the control apparatus 102 proceeds to step S506.
- step S506 the control device 102 stops the operation of the power generation system 100.
- the control device 102 prohibits activation of the power generation system 100 (step S507).
- the control device 102 operates, for example, a remote controller (not shown) from a user of the power generation system 100 and a start request signal is transmitted to the control device 102. Even when the start-up time is reached, the start-up process of the power generation system 100 is prohibited by not permitting the start-up process of the power generation system 100. In addition, since starting of the electric power generation system 100 is prohibited, naturally starting of the combustion apparatus 103 is also prohibited.
- the power generation system 100 of the second modification configured as described above has the same operational effects as the power generation system 100 according to the third embodiment.
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Abstract
Description
前記排出流路は、その上流端が前記燃焼装置及び前記燃料電池システムのそれぞれに連結するように、少なくとも二つに分岐していてもよい。
前記破損検知器は、前記給気流路の下流端近傍に設けられていてもよい。
前記制御装置は、前記圧力検知器が予め設定された第1の圧力よりも大きい圧力を検知した場合、又は前記第1の圧力よりも小さい圧力である第2の圧力よりも小さい圧力を検知した場合に、前記排出流路が破損していると判断してもよい。
本発明の実施の形態1に係る発電システムは、燃料電池と、該燃料電池を収納する筐体と、制御装置と、排出流路と給気流路を有する給排気機構と、破損検知器と、を備え、制御装置が、破損検知器が排出流路の破損を検知すると、発電システムの運転を停止するように制御する態様を例示するものである。
図1は、本発明の実施の形態1に係る発電システムの概略構成を示す模式図である。
次に、本実施の形態1に係る発電システム100の動作について、図1及び図2を参照しながら説明する。なお、発電システム100の燃料電池システム101における発電動作は、一般的な燃料電池システムの発電動作と同様に行われるので、その詳細な説明は省略する。
次に、本実施の形態1に係る発電システム100の変形例について説明する。
図3は、本実施の形態1における変形例1の発電システムの概略構成を示す模式図である。
本発明の実施の形態2に係る発電システムは、原料と水から燃料ガスを生成する改質器と、該改質器を加熱するように構成された燃焼器と、を有する水素生成装置をさらに備えている態様を例示するものである。
図4は、本発明の実施の形態2に係る発電システムの概略構成を示す模式図である。
次に、本実施の形態2に係る発電システム100の変形例について説明する。
図5は、本実施の形態2における変形例1の発電システムの概略構成を示す模式図である。
図6は、本実施の形態2における変形例1の発電システムの破損検出動作を模式的に示すフローチャートである。
本変形例2の発電システムは、破損検知器が、一酸化炭素濃度検知器で構成されており、制御装置が、一酸化炭素濃度検知器が検知した一酸化炭素濃度が予め設定された第1の一酸化炭素濃度以上である場合に、排出流路が破損していると判断する態様を例示するものである。
図7は、本実施の形態2における変形例2の発電システムの概略構成を示す模式図である。
図8は、本実施の形態2における変形例2の発電システムの破損検出動作を模式的に示すフローチャートである。
本変形例3の発電システムは、破損検知器が、二酸化炭素濃度検知器で構成されており、制御装置が、二酸化炭素濃度検知器が筐体又は給気流路に設けられ、二酸化炭素濃度検知器が検知した二酸化炭素濃度が予め設定された第1の二酸化炭素濃度より大きい場合に、又は二酸化炭素濃度検知器が排出流路に設けられ、二酸化炭素濃度検知器が検知した二酸化炭素濃度が予め設定された第2の二酸化炭素濃度より小さい場合、並びに二酸化炭素濃度検知器が検知した二酸化炭素濃度が第2の二酸化炭素濃度より大きい濃度である第3の二酸化炭素濃度よりも大きい場合に、排出流路が破損していると判断する態様を例示するものである。
図9は、本実施の形態2における変形例3の発電システムの概略構成を示す模式図である。
図10は、本実施の形態2における変形例3の発電システムの破損検出動作を模式的に示すフローチャートである。
本変形例4の発電システムは、給気流路は、その下流端が筐体の給気口に接続、又は筐体内に開放されており、破損検知器は、給気流路の下流端近傍に設けられている態様を例示するものである。
図11は、本実施の形態2における変形例4の発電システムの概略構成を示す模式図である。
本発明の実施の形態2における変形例5の発電システムは、破損検知器が温度検知器で構成されており、制御装置は、温度検知器が検知した温度が、予め設定された第1の温度よりも高い場合又は第1の温度よりも低い温度である第2の温度よりも低い場合に、排出流路が破損していると判断する態様を例示するものである。
図12は、本実施の形態2における変形例5の発電システムの概略構成を示す模式図である。
ところで、図12において、排出流路70における温度検知器23が配置している部分よりも上流側の部分で、排出流路70が破損したとすると、排出流路70が破損する前における温度検知器23で検知される温度よりも排出流路70が破損した後における温度検知器23で検知される温度は大きくなることが想定される。このため、制御装置102は、温度検知器23が検知した圧力が、発電システム100が作動中で、かつ、排出流路70が破損していない場合における、排出流路70内の温度範囲の最も高い値である第1の温度よりも高い場合に、排出流路70が破損していると判断することができる。
本発明の実施の形態2における変形例6の発電システムは、破損検知器が、給気流路または筐体の内部に配置される可燃ガス検知器であり、制御装置は、燃料電池システムが運転を停止しているときに、可燃ガス検知器が可燃ガスを検知した場合に、排出流路が破損していると判断する態様を例示するものである。
図14は、本実施の形態2における変形例6の発電システムの概略構成を示す模式図である。
図15は、本実施の形態2における変形例6の発電システムの破損検出動作を模式的に示すフローチャートである。
本発明の実施の形態3に係る発電システムは、筐体外に配置された燃焼装置をさらに備え、排出流路は、その上流端が燃焼装置及び燃料電池システムのそれぞれに連結するように、少なくとも二つに分岐している態様を例示するものである。
図16は、本発明の実施の形態3に係る発電システムの概略構成を示す模式図である。
本実施の形態3に係る発電システム100では、燃焼装置103が作動しているときに、破損検知器が排出流路70の破損を検知した場合の動作を説明する。
次に、本実施の形態3に係る発電システム100の変形例について説明する。
図18は、本実施の形態3における変形例1の発電システムの概略構成を示す模式図である。
上記実施の形態2における変形例2で説明したように、排出流路70が破損した場合に、一酸化炭素が生成される。このため、本変形例1においては、制御装置102が、一酸化炭素が生成されていない状態のときの給気流路78内の一酸化炭素濃度(実質的に0)を検知して、当該濃度から所定の濃度を加算した値を基準ガス濃度として記憶し、一酸化炭素濃度検知器25が検知する一酸化炭素濃度が、基準ガス濃度の範囲外である場合に、排出流路70が破損していると判断する。以下、図19を参照しながら、一酸化炭素濃度検知器25による破損検出動作について、説明する。
本実施の形態3における変形例2の発電システムは、筐体外に配置された燃焼装置と、筐体内の空気を排出流路に排出することにより筐体内を換気する換気器と、をさらに備え、破損検知器は、酸素濃度検知器で構成されており、制御装置が、燃料電池システムが発電を行っておらず、かつ、燃焼器及び燃焼装置が燃焼を行っておらず、かつ、換気器が作動している場合に、酸素濃度検知器が検知した酸素濃度から予め定められた所定濃度を減算した酸素濃度を基準酸素濃度として記憶し、酸素濃度検知器が検知した酸素濃度が、基準酸素濃度の範囲外である場合には、排出流路が破損していると判断する態様を例示するものである。
図20は、本実施の形態3における変形例2の発電システムの概略構成を示す模式図である。
上記実施の形態2における変形例1で説明したように、排出流路70が破損した場合に、酸素濃度が変動し、その結果、排出流路70が破損した状態での酸素濃度は、排出流路70が破損していない状態での酸素濃度の範囲外となる。
11A 燃料ガス流路
11B 酸化剤ガス流路
12 筐体
13 換気ファン
14 燃料ガス供給器(水素生成装置)
14a 改質器
14b 燃焼器
14c 燃焼ファン
15 酸化剤ガス供給器
16 給気口
17 燃焼器
18 燃焼ファン
19 給気口
21 圧力検知器
22 酸素濃度検知器
23 温度検知器
24 可燃ガス検知器
70 排出流路
71 燃料ガス供給流路
72 酸化剤ガス供給流路
73 オフ燃料ガス流路
74 オフ酸化剤ガス流路
75 換気流路
76 燃焼空気供給流路
77 排出ガス流路
78 給気流路
79 空気供給流路
80 燃焼排ガス流路
100 発電システム
101 燃料電池システム
102 制御装置
103 燃焼装置
104 給排気機構
200 建物
Claims (18)
- 燃料ガスと酸化剤ガスとを用いて発電する燃料電池を有する燃料電池システムを備える発電システムであって、
前記発電システムは、
前記燃料電池を収納する筐体と、
前記発電システムからの排出ガスを前記筐体の外部へ排出するように構成された排出流路と、前記発電システムに空気を供給するように構成された給気流路と、を有する給排気機構と、
前記給排気機構内及び前記筐体内のうちの少なくとも一方に設けられ、前記排出流路の破損を検知するように構成された破損検知器と、
制御装置と、をさらに備え、
前記制御装置は、前記破損検知器から得られる情報に基づいて前記排出流路の破損を検知すると、前記発電システムの運転を停止するように制御することを特徴とする、発電システム。 - 前記破損検知器は、圧力変化、温度変化、ガス組成変化、及び、可燃ガス検知の有無のうちの少なくとも一つの現象を検知することを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の発電システム。
- 前記燃料電池システムは、原料及び水から水素を含む燃料ガスを生成する改質器と、該改質器を加熱するように構成された燃焼器と、を有する水素生成装置をさらに備えていることを特徴とする、請求項1又は2に記載の発電システム。
- 前記制御装置は、前記燃料電池システムが作動することにより、前記排出流路の破損を検知した場合、前記燃料電池システムの運転を停止させることを特徴とする、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の発電システム。
- 前記筐体外に配置された燃焼装置をさらに備え、
前記排出流路は、その上流端が前記燃焼装置及び前記燃料電池システムのそれぞれに連結するように、少なくとも二つに分岐していることを特徴とする、請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の発電システム。 - 前記制御装置は、前記燃焼装置が作動することにより、前記排出流路の破損を検知した場合に、前記燃焼装置の作動を停止させることを特徴とする、請求項5に記載の発電システム。
- 前記破損検知器は、酸素濃度検知器で構成されており、
前記制御装置は、
前記酸素濃度検知器が前記筐体又は前記給気流路に設けられ、前記酸素濃度検知器が検知した酸素濃度が予め設定された第1の酸素濃度より小さい場合に、
又は、前記酸素濃度検知器が前記排出流路に設けられ、前記酸素濃度検知器が検知した酸素濃度が予め設定された第2の酸素濃度より小さい場合、並びに前記酸素濃度検知器が検知した酸素濃度が前記第2の酸素濃度より大きい酸素濃度である第3の酸素濃度より大きい場合に、
前記排出流路が破損していると判断することを特徴とする、請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の発電システム。 - 前記破損検知器は、二酸化炭素濃度検知器で構成されており、
前記制御装置は、
前記二酸化炭素濃度検知器が前記筐体又は前記給気流路に設けられ、前記二酸化炭素濃度検知器が検知した二酸化炭素濃度が予め設定された第1の二酸化炭素濃度より大きい場合に、
又は、前記二酸化炭素濃度検知器が前記排出流路に設けられ、前記二酸化炭素濃度検知器が検知した二酸化炭素濃度が予め設定された第2の二酸化炭素濃度より小さい場合、ならびに前記二酸化炭素濃度検知器が検知した二酸化炭素濃度が前記第2の二酸化炭素濃度より大きい濃度である第3の二酸化炭素濃度よりも大きい場合に、
前記排出流路が破損していると判断することを特徴とする、請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載の発電システム。 - 前記破損検知器は、一酸化炭素濃度検知器で構成されており、
前記制御装置は、
前記一酸化炭素濃度検知器が検知した一酸化炭素濃度が予め設定された第1の一酸化炭素濃度以上である場合に、前記排出流路が破損していると判断することを特徴とする、請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載の発電システム。 - 前記発電システムは、
前記筐体外に配置された燃焼装置と、
前記筐体内の空気を前記排出流路に排出することにより前記筐体内を換気する換気器と、
をさらに備え、
前記破損検知器は、一酸化炭素濃度及び二酸化炭素濃度のうちの少なくとも一つのガスの濃度を検知するガス濃度検知器で構成されており、
前記制御装置は、
前記燃料電池システムが発電を行っておらず、かつ、前記燃焼器及び前記燃焼装置が燃焼を行っておらず、かつ、前記換気器が作動している場合に、前記ガス濃度検知器が検知したガス濃度から予め定められた所定濃度を加算したガス濃度を基準ガス濃度として記憶し、
前記ガス濃度検知器が検知したガス濃度が、前記基準ガス濃度の範囲外である場合には、前記排出流路が破損していると判断することを特徴とする、請求項3又は4に記載の発電システム。 - 前記発電システムは、
前記筐体外に配置された燃焼装置と、
前記筐体内の空気を前記排出流路に排出することにより前記筐体内を換気する換気器と、
をさらに備え、
前記破損検知器は、酸素濃度検知器で構成されており、
前記制御装置は、
前記燃料電池システムが発電を行っておらず、かつ、前記燃焼器及び前記燃焼装置が燃焼を行っておらず、かつ、前記換気器が作動している場合に、前記酸素濃度検知器が検知した酸素濃度から予め定められた所定濃度を減算した酸素濃度を基準酸素濃度として記憶し、
前記酸素濃度検知器が検知した酸素濃度が、前記基準酸素濃度の範囲外である場合には、前記排出流路が破損していると判断することを特徴とする、請求項3又は4に記載の発電システム。 - 前記給気流路は、その下流端が前記筐体の給気口に接続、又は前記筐体内に開放されており、
前記破損検知器は、前記給気流路の下流端近傍に設けられている、請求項1~11のいずれか1項に記載の発電システム。 - 前記水素生成装置は、その上流端が前記筐体内に開放され、かつ、前記給気流路の下流端近傍に位置し、その下流端が前記燃焼器に接続されている燃焼空気供給流路と、該燃焼空気供給流路に設けられている燃焼空気供給器と、をさらに有し、
前記破損検知器は、前記燃焼空気供給流路に設けられている、請求項3~12のいずれか1項に記載の発電システム。 - 前記破損検知器は、温度検知器で構成されており、
前記制御装置は、前記温度検知器が検知した温度が、予め設定された第1の温度よりも高い場合又は前記第1の温度よりも低い温度である第2の温度よりも低い場合に、前記排出流路が破損していると判断することを特徴とする、請求項1~13のいずれか1項に記載の発電システム。 - 前記破損検知器は、前記排出流路及び前記給気流路内の少なくとも一方に設けられている圧力検知器で構成されており、
前記制御装置は、前記圧力検知器が予め設定された第1の圧力よりも大きい圧力を検知した場合、又は前記第1の圧力よりも小さい圧力である第2の圧力よりも小さい圧力を検知した場合に、前記排出流路が破損していると判断することを特徴とする、請求項1~14のいずれか1項に記載の発電システム。 - 前記制御装置は、前記発電システムの作動を停止させ、前記発電システムの起動を禁止するように制御することを特徴とする、請求項1~15のいずれか1項に記載の発電システム。
- 前記給気流路は、前記排気流路と熱交換可能なように設けられていることを特徴とする、請求項1~16のいずれか1項に記載の発電システム。
- 燃料ガスと酸化剤ガスとを用いて発電する燃料電池を有する燃料電池システムを備える発電システムの運転方法であって、
前記発電システムは、
前記燃料電池を収納する筐体と、
前記発電システムからの排出ガスを前記筐体の外部へ排出するように構成された排出流路と、前記発電システムに空気を供給するように構成された給気流路と、を有する給排気機構と、
前記給排気機構内及び前記筐体内のうちの少なくとも一方に設けられ、前記排出流路の破損を検知するように構成された破損検知器と、
制御装置と、をさらに備え、
前記制御装置は、前記破損検知器から得られる情報に基づいて前記排出流路の破損を検知すると、前記発電システムの運転を停止するように制御することを特徴とする、発電システムの運転方法。
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US13/822,580 US20130189599A1 (en) | 2010-12-13 | 2011-12-12 | Power generation system and operation method thereof |
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US (1) | US20130189599A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2506355B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5190561B2 (ja) |
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JP5581466B1 (ja) | 2012-12-19 | 2014-08-27 | パナソニック株式会社 | 水素生成装置、これを備える燃料電池システム、水素生成装置の運転方法、及び燃料電池システムの運転方法 |
EP2966716A4 (en) * | 2013-03-08 | 2016-03-16 | Panasonic Ip Man Co Ltd | ENERGY GENERATING SYSTEM AND METHOD OF OPERATING ENERGY GENERATION SYSTEM |
WO2014203469A1 (ja) | 2013-06-18 | 2014-12-24 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 発電システム及び発電システムの運転方法 |
DE102014205031A1 (de) | 2014-03-18 | 2015-09-24 | Volkswagen Ag | Brennstoffzellenvorrichtung mit Spülgaspfad |
JP6313139B2 (ja) * | 2014-06-30 | 2018-04-18 | アイシン精機株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
DE102015207167A1 (de) * | 2015-04-21 | 2016-10-27 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Heizsystem, sowie Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Heizsystems |
US10418654B2 (en) * | 2015-09-08 | 2019-09-17 | Bloom Energy Corporation | Fuel cell ventilation systems |
EP3601773A1 (en) | 2017-03-31 | 2020-02-05 | Generac Power Systems, Inc. | Carbon monoxide detecting system for internal combustion engine-based machines |
KR102611295B1 (ko) * | 2021-07-15 | 2023-12-06 | 주식회사 두산 | 연료전지 시스템 및 운용방법 |
CN115377586A (zh) * | 2022-07-22 | 2022-11-22 | 北京合康新能科技股份有限公司 | 箱体组件、储能装置及其控制方法和控制装置 |
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Also Published As
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RU2013125753A (ru) | 2015-01-20 |
EP2506355A1 (en) | 2012-10-03 |
EP2506355B1 (en) | 2017-06-21 |
US20130189599A1 (en) | 2013-07-25 |
JP5190561B2 (ja) | 2013-04-24 |
EP2506355A4 (en) | 2013-07-24 |
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