WO2012056825A1 - 有害物質含有水の浄化処理材とその製造方法 - Google Patents
有害物質含有水の浄化処理材とその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012056825A1 WO2012056825A1 PCT/JP2011/071107 JP2011071107W WO2012056825A1 WO 2012056825 A1 WO2012056825 A1 WO 2012056825A1 JP 2011071107 W JP2011071107 W JP 2011071107W WO 2012056825 A1 WO2012056825 A1 WO 2012056825A1
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- hydrotalcite
- magnesium oxide
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/281—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using inorganic sorbents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/04—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals or magnesium
- B01J20/041—Oxides or hydroxides
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/06—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising oxides or hydroxides of metals not provided for in group B01J20/04
- B01J20/08—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising oxides or hydroxides of metals not provided for in group B01J20/04 comprising aluminium oxide or hydroxide; comprising bauxite
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
- B01J20/3085—Chemical treatments not covered by groups B01J20/3007 - B01J20/3078
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
- B01J20/32—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating
- B01J20/3202—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating characterised by the carrier, support or substrate used for impregnation or coating
- B01J20/3204—Inorganic carriers, supports or substrates
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
- B01J20/32—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating
- B01J20/3231—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating characterised by the coating or impregnating layer
- B01J20/3234—Inorganic material layers
- B01J20/3236—Inorganic material layers containing metal, other than zeolites, e.g. oxides, hydroxides, sulphides or salts
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01F—COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
- C01F5/00—Compounds of magnesium
- C01F5/02—Magnesia
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01F—COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
- C01F7/00—Compounds of aluminium
- C01F7/78—Compounds containing aluminium and two or more other elements, with the exception of oxygen and hydrogen
- C01F7/784—Layered double hydroxide, e.g. comprising nitrate, sulfate or carbonate ions as intercalating anions
- C01F7/785—Hydrotalcite
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/70—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data
- C01P2002/72—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data by d-values or two theta-values, e.g. as X-ray diagram
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/80—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured data other than those specified in group C01P2002/70
- C01P2002/85—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured data other than those specified in group C01P2002/70 by XPS, EDX or EDAX data
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/103—Arsenic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/105—Phosphorus compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/12—Halogens or halogen-containing compounds
- C02F2101/14—Fluorine or fluorine-containing compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
- C02F2101/206—Manganese or manganese compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/06—Contaminated groundwater or leachate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a purification treatment material for toxic substance-containing water and a method for producing the same, and more specifically, removes these toxic substances from waste water containing toxic substances such as fluorine, boron, nitrogen compounds, phosphorus and heavy metals.
- a purification treatment material which is a composition used for the purification treatment, has excellent solid-liquid separation properties of the purification treatment material incorporating the harmful substance, and the purification treatment material can settle and remove the harmful substance in a short time.
- This application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2010-244773 filed in Japan on October 29, 2010, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
- Patent Document 1 discloses that a layered double hydroxide is produced by adding a divalent metal ion and a trivalent metal ion to wastewater containing fluorine to produce the layered double hydroxide. A treatment method for incorporating fluorine between the two layers is described.
- Patent Document 2 an acidic solution containing aluminum ions and magnesium ions and an alkaline solution containing alkali are mixed, and no time is left after the mixing of the acidic solution and the alkaline solution is completed.
- Patent Document 2 By immediately removing or neutralizing water, the general formula: Mg 2+ 1-X Al 3+ X (OH) 2 (A N ⁇ ) X / N ⁇ mH 2 O (A N ⁇ is an anion)
- a N ⁇ is an anion
- the conventional treatment method described above is a method for removing fluorine by producing a layered double hydroxide such as hydrotalcite, but has a problem that the treatment time is prolonged due to poor sedimentation of the produced sludge.
- the treatment method of Patent Document 1 focuses on the recovery of the fluorine-containing emulsifier, and the ability to remove heavy metals is unclear.
- the anion exchange capacity is enhanced by controlling the crystallite size of the hydrotalcite-like substance to 20 nm or less, and the adsorption effect on chromium is shown for heavy metal ions. The ability to remove heavy metals other than chromium is unclear.
- the present invention solves the problem of poor sedimentation of the generated sludge in the above-described conventional treatment method, and provides a purification treatment material excellent in the adsorption effect on fluorine and the sedimentation of the generated sludge, and a method for producing the same. To do. Further, it has excellent removal effect of boron, nitrogen compound, phosphorus and heavy metals, and preferably a purification treatment material excellent in removal effect of harmful substances such as fluorine, boron, nitrogen compound, phosphorus and heavy metals, and a method for producing the same I will provide a.
- the present invention relates to a purification treatment material for toxic substance-containing water having the following configuration.
- a first aspect of the present invention is a purification treatment material in which hydrotalcite is formed on the surface of magnesium oxide, which is added to water containing harmful substances to take in harmful substances into the hydrotalcite, It is a purification treatment material for toxic substance-containing water that removes toxic substances out of the system by solid-liquid separation in the taken-in state.
- a second aspect of the present invention there is provided a purification material for toxic substance-containing water according to the first aspect, wherein magnesium oxide and a soluble aluminum salt are reacted in an aqueous solution under alkaline conditions. It is a purification material for water containing harmful substances formed by forming hydrotalcite on the surface.
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a purification treatment material for toxic substance-containing water having the following configuration.
- the third aspect of the present invention includes a step of adding magnesium oxide and soluble aluminum salt, which are components of hydrotalcite, to water, and reacting the magnesium oxide, soluble aluminum salt and water under alkaline conditions to perform the oxidation.
- a part or all of the solid-liquid separated purification treatment material is returned to the reaction step and returned. It is a manufacturing method of the purification processing material of harmful
- the purification treatment material of the present invention is excellent in the sedimentation property of the treatment material after purification treatment, for example, after treating the harmful substance-containing water using the purification treatment material of the present invention, and after standing for 30 minutes. Since the stable volume of the liquid is 40% or less and settles in a short time, solid-liquid separation can be performed in a short time, and the solid-liquid separation tank can be downsized.
- the purification treatment material of the present invention is excellent in the effect of removing fluorine, and easily makes the fluorine concentration in the wastewater below the drainage standard [fluorine 8 mg / L (public water area other than sea area), fluorine 15 mg / L (sea area)] or less. Can be reduced. Also, in the production method, the purification treatment material produced by returning a part or all of the solid-liquid separated purification treatment material to the reaction step can further enhance the fluorine removal effect and facilitate the concentration of fluorine in the waste water. To the environmental standard (0.8 mg / L or less). In addition, harmful substances such as boron, nitrogen compounds, phosphorus, and heavy metals can be removed simultaneously with fluorine.
- FIG. 1B is a component analysis diagram in the vicinity of the surface of the purification treatment material in FIG. 1A (part C). It is a photograph which shows sedimentation property about the purification processing material of this invention, and the manufacturing method of the conventional purification material. It is process drawing which shows one Embodiment of the manufacturing method of the purification process material which concerns on this invention. It is process drawing which shows other embodiment of the manufacturing method of the purification process material which concerns on this invention. It is process drawing which shows an example of the processing method using the purification process material of this invention. It is an XRD chart of the purification processing material which concerns on this invention.
- the purification treatment material of the present invention is a purification treatment material in which hydrotalcite is formed on the surface of magnesium oxide, which is added to water containing harmful substances to take in harmful substances into the hydrotalcite and take in harmful substances. It is a purification material for toxic substance-containing water that removes toxic substances from the system by solid-liquid separation.
- Hazardous substance-containing water in which the purification treatment material of the present invention is used broadly means water containing harmful substances, and includes various types of wastewater and wastewater that are generated naturally and artificially, such as factory wastewater and sewage. , Seawater, river water, lake and pond water, surface pool water, river weir area water, underground running water, pool water, underdrain water, etc. that contain harmful substances or are harmful Wastewater with high salt concentration, such as purified wastewater from soil contaminated by substances, seawater and leachate from the final disposal site, is separated (cleared) into clear water (fresh water) and concentrated water using reverse osmosis membranes and electrodialysis. Concentrated water after salt treatment).
- Toxic substances to be treated are, for example, heavy metals, fluorine, boron, nitrogen, phosphorus and the like.
- Heavy metals include cadmium, lead, copper, zinc, iron, nickel, selenium, hexavalent chromium, arsenic, manganese, and antimony. According to the purification processing material of this invention, it has the removal effect outstanding with respect to any 1 type, or 2 or more types of these harmful substances contained in harmful substance containing water.
- harmful substances include halide ions, various halogen acids (halogen acids, perhalogen acids, halous acids, hypohalous acids, etc.), hexafluorophosphate ions (PF 6 ⁇ ), borofluoride ions (BF 4 - ), Silicofluoride ions (SIF 6 2- ), organic acids, suspended solids (SS) and organic substances.
- the purification treatment material of the present invention has an excellent removal effect on one or more of these harmful substances contained in wastewater.
- hydrotalcite is formed on the surface of magnesium oxide.
- This structure is shown in the SEM photograph of FIG. 1A, the internal components of the purification treatment material obtained by EDX analysis are shown in FIG. 1B, and the components of the surface portion are shown in FIG. 1C.
- the components inside the purification treatment material portion B in FIG. 1A
- the components near the surface of the purification treatment material C portion in FIG. 1A
- peaks of magnesium and aluminum are detected as shown in FIG. 1C
- hydrotalcite [general formula: Mg 2+ 1-X Al 3+ X (OH) 2 (A N ⁇ ) X / N ⁇ mH 2 O (A N ⁇ is an anion)].
- magnesium oxide may be hydrated during the production process to become magnesium hydroxide
- hydrotalcite may be formed on the surface of the coexisting substance of magnesium oxide and magnesium hydroxide.
- Hydrotalcite has a layered structure containing water molecules between layers, and has the property of incorporating anions between layers in order to maintain electrical neutrality.
- the contained harmful substances of anions such as fluorine, organic acid, or oxyanionic boron, nitrogen, phosphorus, selenium, hexavalent chromium, arsenic and antimony are taken in between the layers.
- harmful heavy metals such as cadmium, lead, copper, zinc, iron, nickel, and manganese are incorporated by replacing a part of magnesium and aluminum forming hydrotalcite with cationic heavy metals.
- the suspended matter (SS) is aggregated and taken in with the purification treatment material containing hydrotalcite, and the organic matter is adsorbed and taken in the surface of the purification treatment material containing hydrotalcite. Therefore, these harmful substances can be effectively removed by introducing the purification treatment material of the present invention into waste water or the like to incorporate these harmful substances and solid-liquid separation of the generated precipitate (sludge). .
- the purification treatment material of the present invention removes harmful substances by contacting with the harmful substance-containing water.
- the contact method may be a continuous type or a batch type.
- a general method such as a method of filling and bringing into contact with waste water, or a method of causing the purification treatment material to flow using a fluidized bed and contacting with waste water is possible.
- the usage form of a purification processing material can be selected according to a processing system, and can be used by a slurry form, a powder form, etc.
- the purification treatment material of the present invention can be used in any of acidic, neutral and alkaline liquids having a pH of 1 to 13, and preferably has a pH of 3 to 11. Further, the use temperature is not limited and can be used even at room temperature.
- the treated purification material is recovered by solid-liquid separation. Since the purification treatment material of the present invention has a structure in which hydrotalcite is formed on the surface of magnesium oxide, the treatment material after the purification treatment has good sedimentation and can be easily recovered in a short time.
- the volume of the slurry at the start of standing is 2300 mL.
- the sediment volume after standing is about 550 mL
- the stable volume is 40% or less, preferably 25% or less in a short time.
- the stable volume is an index calculated by the following equation [1].
- the smaller stable volume indicates that sludge (a purification treatment material incorporating toxic substances) can be solid-liquid separated in a short time. (Sediment volume after a certain period of time) / (initial purification treatment material slurry volume) ⁇ 100 ... [1]
- the stable volume is small, and sludge can be solid-liquid separated in a short time. If a flocculant is added before introducing into the solid-liquid separation tank, solid-liquid separation can be achieved in a shorter time.
- a flocculant inorganic flocculants and anionic, cationic, nonionic and amphoteric polymer flocculants can be used.
- a soluble magnesium salt magnesium chloride, etc.
- the slurry volume at the start of standing was 2300 mL.
- the sediment volume after placement is about 2200 mL and hardly settles in about 30 minutes.
- the recovered purification treatment material of the present invention can be used repeatedly. If the ability to remove harmful substances declines, it can be replaced with a new purification treatment. In addition, the used purification treatment material can be recycled as a cement raw material.
- the purification treatment material of the present invention comprises (a) a step of adding magnesium oxide and soluble aluminum salt, which are components of hydrotalcite, to water, and (b) reacting magnesium oxide, soluble aluminum salt and water under alkaline conditions.
- the manufacturing method of the purification process material of this invention is demonstrated.
- magnesium oxide Most of the magnesium oxide remains as an undissolved part, but part of the surface dissolves to become a component source of hydrotalcite, and the dissolved magnesium oxide plays a role as an alkaline agent.
- magnesium oxide in addition to magnesium oxide alone, magnesium oxide includes magnesium oxide as part of the component, such as a dolomite [CaMg (CO 3 ) 2 ] fired product, or magnesium oxide together with other components, not limited to Ca. It can be added using what it contains.
- a dolomite [CaMg (CO 3 ) 2 ] fired product or magnesium oxide together with other components, not limited to Ca. It can be added using what it contains.
- soluble aluminum salt for example, polyaluminum chloride, aluminum sulfate (sulfate band), aluminum chloride, aluminum nitrate or the like can be used.
- a waste liquid containing aluminum at a high concentration a precious metal catalyst recovery waste liquid, a liquid in which metal aluminum is dissolved, or the like.
- soluble aluminum salt and magnesium oxide may be added to water and introduced into the reaction tank, or soluble in water in the addition tank
- An aluminum salt may be added and introduced into the reaction vessel, and magnesium oxide and a pH adjuster may be added as necessary in the reaction vessel.
- reaction process When magnesium oxide and a soluble aluminum salt are added to water and reacted under alkaline conditions (preferably pH 7 to 11), magnesium oxide hardly dissolves and remains mostly undissolved, but the surface is partially The dissolved magnesium reacts with aluminum to react with aluminum, and hydrotalcite [general formula: Mg 2+ 1-X Al 3+ X (OH) 2 (A N- ) X / N ⁇ mH 2 O (A N ⁇ is an anion)] is formed.
- hydrotalcite generally formula: Mg 2+ 1-X Al 3+ X (OH) 2 (A N- ) X / N ⁇ mH 2 O (A N ⁇ is an anion)
- a pH adjusting agent can be added as necessary.
- the pH adjuster include alkalis such as sodium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide and calcium oxide, and acids such as sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid.
- the pH is controlled to 7-11.
- the pH may be adjusted before the reaction, during the reaction, or after the reaction, but is preferably during or after the reaction because it promotes the formation of hydrotalcite.
- Solid-liquid separation process The produced slurry is guided to a solid-liquid separation step, the purification treatment material is allowed to settle, and solid-liquid separation is performed. Since the purification treatment material produced by the production method of the present invention has a structure in which hydrotalcite is formed on the surface of undissolved magnesium oxide, it has good sedimentation properties.
- the collected purification treatment material is dehydrated and dried as necessary.
- a generally used dehydration apparatus or drying apparatus can be used.
- a part or all of the purification treatment material separated into solid and liquid is returned to the reaction step, and the returned purification treatment material is used for the formation of hydrotalcite.
- the generation of hydrotalcite is promoted, and a large amount of harmful substances such as fluorine, boron, nitrogen compounds, phosphorus, and toxic heavy metals are incorporated into the purification treatment material. Therefore, these removal effects are improved.
- the purification processing material separated into solid and liquid it is good to return the purification processing material concentrated to a thing with much magnesium oxide using the difference in weight, specific gravity, or sedimentation speed to a reaction process.
- the purification treatment material with a large amount of magnesium oxide is heavier than other purification treatment materials and settles quickly, the purification treatment material at the initial stage of sedimentation can be collected and concentrated to the purification treatment material with a large amount of magnesium oxide.
- the production of hydrotalcite can be promoted by returning the purification treatment material having a large amount of magnesium oxide to the reaction step.
- the purification treatment material production system of the present invention is shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 show a schematic configuration of the apparatus and a manufacturing process of the purification treatment material.
- an addition tank 10 for adding a chemical to water a reaction tank 30 for reacting the added chemical to produce a purification treatment material, and collecting the purification treatment material from the generated slurry containing the purification treatment material
- the addition tank 10, the reaction tank 30, and the solid-liquid separation tank 40 are sequentially connected by a pipe 50.
- the solid-liquid separation tank 40 is connected to discharge pipes 51 and 52 for discharging the separated water and the purification treatment material, respectively, and a part or all of the separated purification treatment material is connected to the discharge pipe 52 for the purification treatment material. Is returned to the reaction tank 30.
- the second addition tank 20 is provided in the middle of the return conduit 53. The manufactured purification treatment material is collected from the discharge pipe 52, and is subjected to dehydration as necessary.
- the addition tank 10 is provided with a water supply line 60 and a soluble aluminum salt supply line 61. Note that the addition tank 10 may be omitted, and the pipeline 60 and the pipeline 61 may be directly connected, and the soluble aluminum salt may be added in the pipeline.
- the reaction tank 30 is provided with a magnesium oxide supply pipe 62 and a pH adjusting agent supply pipe 63. Further, in the treatment system of FIG. 4, a magnesium oxide supply pipe 62 is provided in the second addition tank 20.
- a soluble aluminum salt such as polyaluminum chloride is added to water, and this is introduced into the reaction tank 30. Further, magnesium oxide is added through the pipe line 62. Further, a pH adjusting agent is added through the pipe 63, and the inside of the reaction tank is controlled to pH 7-11.
- the reaction tank 30 may be an open system or a closed system, but since the removal of harmful substances may be hindered by the absorption of carbon dioxide, a structure in which the purification treatment material hardly absorbs carbon dioxide is preferable. In general, a closed reaction tank is preferred.
- the purification treatment material of the present invention is formed (FIG. 6). (See (A)).
- the purification treatment material of the present invention is applied to the treatment of water containing hazardous substances, the harmful substances are taken into this hydrotalcite, and the purification treatment material incorporating the harmful substances is separated into solid and liquid, thereby removing the harmful substances from the system. Removed.
- a slurry in which the purification treatment material is dispersed in water is formed.
- the purification treatment material is allowed to settle and the slurry is solid-liquid separated.
- the flocculant may be added to the slurry before being introduced into the solid-liquid separation tank 40.
- the flocculant may be added in the pipe by connecting the flocculant supply pipe and the pipe 50, or a flocculant addition tank is provided, and a purification treatment material is put into the flocculant addition tank through the pipe 50. Further, a flocculant may be added through a flocculant supply line.
- the purification treatment material separated into solid and liquid is returned to the reaction tank 30 through the pipe line 53, and hydrotalcite can be further generated on the surface of the purification treatment material by the reaction of magnesium oxide and soluble aluminum salt (FIG. 6). (See (B)).
- the formation of hydrotalcite is promoted by returning the purified treatment material that has been subjected to solid-liquid separation to the reaction vessel.
- the manufacturing apparatus can be a portable apparatus that can be mounted on a vehicle, or can be separated into units such as an addition tank, a reaction tank, and a solid-liquid separation tank.
- pretreatment for reducing harmful substances and interfering substances contained in the harmful substance-containing water may be performed in advance, or the treated water after purification treatment. You may post-process about.
- the disturbing component itself is not a harmful substance, but is a substance that interferes with the harmful substance removing effect of the purification treatment material of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 shows an example of a treatment process using the purification treatment material of the present invention.
- the illustrated treatment process is an example including pre-treatment and post-treatment, and the raw water is guided to the treatment tank 70 after the pre-treatment.
- the purification treatment material of the present invention is added to the treatment tank 70, and harmful substances are taken into the purification treatment material here.
- the slurry extracted from the treatment tank 70 is introduced into the solid-liquid separation tank 71, and the separated treated water is guided to post-treatment.
- the sludge (used purification treatment material) precipitated in the solid-liquid separation tank 71 is extracted and reused as necessary.
- Preprocessing Specifically, for example, when the concentration of heavy metals (cadmium, lead, copper, zinc, iron, nickel, manganese, hexavalent chromium, arsenic, etc.) contained in the raw water to be treated is higher than 20 mg / L, The structure of hydrotalcite that has taken in heavy metals may partially collapse, and the removal effect of harmful substances such as heavy metals may be insufficient. Therefore, a pretreatment for reducing the heavy metal concentration in the raw water may be performed.
- the pretreatment method is not limited.
- neutralizers NaOH, Ca (OH) 2 etc.
- concentration may be less than 10 mg / L.
- a neutralizing agent NaOH, Ca (OH) 2 etc.
- the precipitate may be co-precipitated and separated into solid and liquid to make the heavy metal concentration of raw water less than 10 mg / L.
- the phosphate ion of the raw water is higher than 50 mg / L, the phosphate ion may be adsorbed by hydrotalcite in competition with other harmful substances, and the removal effect of other harmful substances may be reduced. Therefore, a pretreatment for reducing the phosphate ion concentration in the raw water may be performed.
- the pretreatment method is not limited.
- a calcium salt (Ca (OH) 2 or the like) may be added to the raw water to generate and remove the calcium phosphate salt, and the phosphate ion of the raw water may be less than 5 mg / L as the phosphorus concentration.
- the nitrate ion of the raw water is higher than 200 mg / L as the nitrogen concentration, the nitrate ion may compete with other harmful substances and be adsorbed on hydrotalcite, which may reduce the effect of removing other harmful substances. Therefore, a pretreatment for reducing the nitrate ion concentration in the raw water may be performed.
- the pretreatment method is not limited. For example, biological treatment (anaerobic denitrification method, etc.) may be performed, and nitrate ions in raw water may be less than 200 mg / L as the nitrogen concentration.
- the borate ion of raw water when the borate ion of raw water is higher than 100 mg / L as the boron concentration, the borate ion may be adsorbed on hydrotalcite in competition with other harmful substances, and the removal effect of other harmful substances may be reduced. . Therefore, a pretreatment for reducing the borate ion concentration in the raw water may be performed.
- the pretreatment method is not limited.
- the raw water is passed through a chelate resin having a methylglucamine group to adsorb borate ions, and the boric acid ions in the raw water are adjusted to a boron concentration of less than 100 mg / L.
- the fluorine concentration of the raw water is higher than 50 mg / L, the required amount of the purification treatment material increases, so that the amount of the purification treatment material to be introduced may increase. Therefore, a pretreatment for reducing the fluorine concentration in the raw water may be performed.
- the pretreatment method is not limited. For example, a calcium salt may be added to produce poorly soluble calcium fluoride, which is then solid-liquid separated so that the fluorine concentration is less than 50 mg / L.
- a pretreatment for reducing the suspended solid concentration in the raw water may be performed.
- the pretreatment method is not limited.
- an inorganic flocculant or a polymer flocculant may be added to precipitate and separate suspended substances, so that the concentration of suspended substances in raw water is less than 20 mg / L.
- the concentration of organic substances contained in the raw water is higher than 200 mg / L as COD, the structure of hydrotalcite incorporating the organic substances may be partially destroyed, and the harmful substance removal effect may be insufficient. Therefore, a pretreatment for reducing the concentration of organic substances in the raw water may be performed.
- the pretreatment method is not limited.
- the organic matter concentration of raw water may be less than 80 mg / L as COD by biological treatment methods (eg activated sludge method) or accelerated oxidation methods (eg, ultraviolet oxidation or photocatalyst).
- the treatment effect can be further enhanced by removing the disturbing components contained in the raw water.
- Interfering components include sulfate ions, sulfite ions, chloride ions, carbonate ions, dissolved silica and silicate ions.
- a pretreatment for reducing the sulfate ion concentration in the raw water may be performed.
- the pretreatment method is not limited.
- Ca salt or Ba salt is added to raw water to form a hardly soluble sulfate, which is solid-liquid separated to lower the sulfate ion concentration.
- sulfate ions can be reduced to less than 1000 mg / L.
- Ba salt is used, sulfate ion can be reduced to less than 5 mg / L.
- sulfite ions in raw water may be higher than 50 mg / L, so a large amount of aluminum may be required.
- sulfite ions compete with harmful substance ions and are adsorbed on hydrotalcite, which may reduce the effect of removing harmful substances. Therefore, a pretreatment for reducing the sulfite ion concentration in the raw water may be performed.
- the pretreatment method is not limited.
- an oxidizing agent such as hydrogen peroxide may be added to raw water to oxidize sulfite ions to sulfate ions, and the sulfite ions of raw water may be less than 10 mg / L.
- chloride ion concentration in the raw water is higher than 2000 mg / L, chloride ions may compete with the harmful substances and be adsorbed on the hydrotalcite, thereby reducing the harmful substance removal effect. Therefore, a pretreatment for reducing the chloride ion concentration in the raw water may be performed.
- the pretreatment method is not limited. For example, chlorine may be gasified and removed by electrolytic decomposition, or the chloride ion concentration may be less than 1000 mg / L by membrane treatment such as reverse osmosis or electrodialysis.
- the carbonate ion concentration in the raw water is higher than 500 mg / L, carbonate ions may compete with harmful substances and be adsorbed on hydrotalcite, which may reduce the harmful substance removal effect. Therefore, a pretreatment for reducing the carbonate ion concentration in the raw water may be performed.
- the pretreatment method is not limited. For example, raw water is aerated to disperse carbonate ions, or Ca salt is added to form a hardly soluble carbonate, which is solid-liquid separated to make the carbonate ion concentration less than 50 mg / L.
- a pretreatment for reducing the concentration of dissolved silica or silicate ions in the raw water may be performed.
- the pretreatment method is not limited. For example, an iron salt or an aluminum salt is added, and a neutralizing agent (NaOH, Ca (OH) 2, etc.) is added to adjust the pH of the raw water to a range of 5 to 10 to generate a hydroxide precipitate. It is preferable to co-precipitate dissolved silica and silicate ions in the precipitate, and separate them into solid and liquid so that the dissolved silica and silicate ions in the raw water have a Si concentration of less than 10 mg / L.
- post-treatment process In some cases, organic matter, suspended solids, and nitrogen compounds remain in the liquid (treated water) separated in the solid-liquid separation process, or the pH of the treated water may be 9 or more. Therefore, a post-treatment process for treated water may be provided.
- the method of post-processing is not limited. (See FIG. 5).
- the organic matter may be reduced to a COD concentration of less than 80 mg / L by, for example, a biological treatment method (eg activated sludge method) or an accelerated oxidation method (eg, ultraviolet oxidation or photocatalyst).
- a biological treatment method eg activated sludge method
- an accelerated oxidation method eg, ultraviolet oxidation or photocatalyst
- an inorganic flocculant or a polymer flocculant is added to precipitate and separate the suspended matter, so that the concentration of suspended matter is less than 20 mg / L.
- biological treatment nitrogen compounds contained in the treated water
- nitrogen compounds contained in the treated water for example, biological treatment (nitrification denitrification method or the like) may be performed to reduce the nitrogen concentration to less than 60 mg / L.
- the pH of the treated water may be 9 or more, if the pH is high, it is better to neutralize the treated water to pH 6-8 by adding sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid.
- the fluorine concentration was measured by an ion electrode method.
- Boron concentration, cadmium concentration, lead concentration, chromium (VI) concentration, and arsenic concentration were measured by ICP emission spectroscopy.
- the selenium concentration was measured by a hydrogen compound generation atomic absorption method.
- a purification treatment material was manufactured as follows. First, water was introduced into the addition tank 10 and polyaluminum chloride was added so that the aluminum concentration was 240 mg / L in water. This was introduced into the reaction vessel 30. Thereafter, magnesium oxide in an amount of 1 g / L with respect to water in the reaction vessel 30 and water added with polyaluminum chloride were mixed, stirred for 20 hours, and reacted at a temperature of 20 ° C. After the reaction, sodium hydroxide was added as a pH adjuster to adjust the pH to 8.5 to 9.5, and the mixture was further stirred for 2 hours.
- FIG. 6A shows the result of measuring the purified material by wide-angle X-ray diffraction.
- the purification treatment material of the present invention has hydrotalcite formed on the surface of magnesium oxide.
- a purification treatment material was manufactured as follows. First, water was introduced into the addition tank 10 and polyaluminum chloride was added so that the aluminum concentration was 240 mg / L in water. This was introduced into the reaction vessel 30. On the other hand, the entire amount of the purification treatment material separated in the solid-liquid separation tank 40 was returned to the second addition tank 20, where 1 g / L of magnesium oxide was added to 1 L of water. This purification treatment material was returned to the reaction tank 30, mixed with water to which polyaluminum chloride was added, stirred for 30 minutes, and reacted at a temperature of 20 ° C. for 30 minutes.
- the reaction sodium hydroxide is added as a pH adjuster to adjust the pH to 8.5 to 9.5, and the resulting purification material is introduced into the solid-liquid separation tank 40 (thickener) and left to stand for 20 hours. Allowed to settle.
- 2 mg / L of anionic polymer flocculant was added to the produced purification treatment material slurry.
- the whole amount of the separated purification treatment material is introduced into the second addition tank 20 as described above, and magnesium oxide is added at 1 g / L to 1 L of water and returned to the reaction tank 30 for purification. Generation of the treatment material was repeated 8 times. At this time, 150 mL of a purification treatment material slurry having a solid-liquid concentration of 120 g / L was obtained.
- Example 3 The purification treatment material was manufactured as follows according to the manufacturing system shown in FIG. First, water was introduced into the addition tank 10 and polyaluminum chloride was added so that the aluminum concentration was 240 mg / L in water. This was introduced into the reaction vessel 30. Thereafter, 1 g / L of magnesium oxide and water added with polyaluminum chloride were mixed in the reaction vessel 30, adjusted to pH 8.5 to 9.5 by adding sodium hydroxide as a pH adjuster, and then stirred for 20 hours. And reacted at a temperature of 20 ° C. for 20 hours. After the reaction, the produced purification treatment material was introduced into a solid-liquid separation tank 40 (thickener) and subjected to solid-liquid separation. Thereafter, dehydration and drying were performed to obtain a purification treatment material.
- a solid-liquid separation tank 40 thickener
- This purification treatment material was added 0.5% to simulated waste water having a fluorine concentration of 20 mg / L and stirred for 30 minutes. Then, it left still for 30 minutes and settled the purification process material.
- the processing results are shown in Table 3.
- the purification treatment material was manufactured as follows according to the manufacturing system shown in FIG. First, water was introduced into the addition tank 10 and polyaluminum chloride was added so that the aluminum concentration was 240 mg / L in water. This was introduced into the reaction vessel 30. Thereafter, 2.4 g / L of magnesium chloride and water added with polyaluminum chloride were mixed in the reaction tank 30 and adjusted to pH 8.5 to 9.5 by adding sodium hydroxide as a pH adjuster. The mixture was stirred for 20 hours and reacted at a temperature of 20 ° C. for 20 hours. After the reaction, the produced purification treatment material was introduced into a solid-liquid separation tank 40 (thickener) and subjected to solid-liquid separation.
- a solid-liquid separation tank 40 thickener
- Example 3 and Comparative Example 1 can reduce the fluorine concentration of the treated water to below the drainage standard (8 mg / L) of public water areas other than the sea area, but the stable volume is compared.
- Example 1 is much larger and has poor separation.
- Example 3 has a small stable volume, good separability, and can perform solid-liquid separation in a short time.
- the toxic substance-containing water purification treatment material of the present invention has excellent sedimentation properties in the slurry, and can take in and remove toxic substances such as fluorine, boron, nitrogen compounds, phosphorus, and heavy metals in water quickly.
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Abstract
Description
本願は、2010年10月29日に、日本に出願された特願2010-244773号に基づき優先権を主張し、その内容をここに援用する。
本発明の第1の態様は、酸化マグネシウムの表面にハイドロタルサイトが形成されてなる浄化処理材であって、有害物質含有水に添加されて該ハイドロタルサイトに有害物質を取り込み、有害物質を取り込んだ状態で固液分離されることによって有害物質を系外に除去する有害物質含有水の浄化処理材である。
本発明の第2の態様は、上記第1の態様に係る有害物質含有水の浄化処理材であって、酸化マグネシウムと可溶性アルミニウム塩を、水溶液中で、アルカリ性条件下で反応させて酸化マグネシウムの表面にハイドロタルサイトを形成してなる有害物質含有水の浄化処理材である。
本発明の第3の態様は、ハイドロタルサイトの成分となる酸化マグネシウムと可溶性アルミニウム塩とを水に添加する工程と、前記酸化マグネシウムと可溶性アルミニウム塩と水をアルカリ性条件下で反応させて上記酸化マグネシウムの表面にハイドロタルサイトが形成された有害物質含有水の浄化処理材を含むスラリーを生成させる反応工程、生成した前記スラリー中の浄化処理材を沈降させて固液分離することによって該浄化処理材を回収する固液分離工程を有する有害物質含有水の浄化処理材の製造方法である。
本発明の第4の態様は、上記第3の態様に係る有害物質含有水の浄化処理材の製造方法において、固液分離した浄化処理材の一部または全部を反応工程に返送し、返送した処理材をハイドロタルサイトの形成に利用する有害物質含有水の浄化処理材の製造方法である。
本発明の浄化処理材は、酸化マグネシウムの表面にハイドロタルサイトが形成されてなる浄化処理材であって、有害物質含有水に添加されて該ハイドロタルサイトに有害物質を取り込み、有害物質を取り込んだ状態で固液分離されることによって有害物質を系外に除去する有害物質含有水の浄化処理材である。
本発明の浄化処理材は有害物質含有水と接触することによって有害物質を除去する。その接触方法(使用方法)としては、連続式でも回分式でもよく、処理装置の形態としては攪拌槽を用いて廃水と槽内で浄化処理材を接触させる方法や、充填カラムに浄化処理材を充填して廃水と接触させる方法、流動床を用いて浄化処理材を流動せしめ廃水と接触させる方法等の一般的な方法が可能である。また、浄化処理材の使用形態は処理システムに応じて選択することができ、スラリー状や粉末状等で使用することができる。
(一定時間経過後の沈殿物容積)/(初期の浄化処理材スラリー容積)×100…[1]
本発明の浄化処理材は、(イ)ハイドロタルサイトの成分となる酸化マグネシウムと可溶性アルミニウム塩とを水に添加する工程、(ロ)酸化マグネシウムと可溶性アルミニウム塩と水をアルカリ性条件下で反応させて上記酸化マグネシウムの表面にハイドロタルサイトが形成された浄化処理材を含むスラリーを生成させる反応工程、(ハ)生成したスラリー中から浄化処理材を沈降させ、固液分離して回収する固液分離工程によって製造することができる。以下、本発明の浄化処理材の製造方法を説明する。
ハイドロタルサイトの成分となる酸化マグネシウムと可溶性アルミニウム塩とを水に添加し、一部溶解した酸化マグネシウムと可溶性アルミニウム塩をアルカリ性条件下で反応させて酸化マグネシウムの表面にハイドロタルサイトを形成させる。
酸化マグネシウムと可溶性アルミニウム塩を水に添加し、これをアルカリ性条件下(pH7~11が好ましい)で反応させると、酸化マグネシウムは溶け難いので大部分は未溶解部分として残るが、表面は部分的に溶解し、この溶出したマグネシウムがアルミニウムと反応して未溶解の酸化マグネシウム表面にハイドロタルサイト〔一般式:Mg2+ 1-XAl3+ X(OH)2(AN-)X/N・mH2O(AN-はアニオン)〕が形成される。
反応工程では、浄化処理材が水中に分散したスラリー(浄化処理材スラリー)が得られる。
生成したスラリーを固液分離工程に導いて浄化処理材を沈降させ、固液分離する。本発明の製造方法によって生成した浄化処理材は、未溶解の酸化マグネシウムの表面にハイドロタルサイトが形成された構造を有しているので沈降性が良い。
上記製造方法において、好ましくは、固液分離した浄化処理材の一部または全部を反応工程に返送し、返送した浄化処理材をハイドロタルサイトの形成に利用するとよい。浄化処理材の一部または全部を反応工程に戻すことによって、ハイドロタルサイトの生成が促進し、フッ素、ホウ素、窒素化合物、リン、有害重金属類等の有害物質が浄化処理材に多く取り込まれるようになるので、これらの除去効果が向上する。
図示する製造装置には、水に薬剤を添加する添加槽10と、添加した薬剤を反応させて浄化処理材を生成させる反応槽30と、生成した浄化処理材を含むスラリーから浄化処理材を回収する固液分離槽40とが設けられており、これらの添加槽10と反応槽30と固液分離槽40とは管路50によって順に接続されている。固液分離槽40には分離した水と浄化処理材を排出する排出管路51、52がおのおの接続しており、浄化処理材の排出管路52には分離した浄化処理材の一部または全部を反応槽30に返送する返送管路53が接続している。図4に示す製造システムでは、返送管路53の途中に第二添加槽20が設けられている。製造した浄化処理材は排出管路52より回収し、必要に応じて脱水処理を実施する。
具体的には、例えば、処理される原水に含まれている重金属類(カドミウム、鉛、銅、亜鉛、鉄、ニッケル、マンガン、六価クロム、ヒ素など)の濃度が20mg/Lより高いと、重金属類を取り込んだハイドロタルサイトの構造が部分的に崩れ、重金属類などの有害物質の除去効果が不充分になることがある。そこで、原水中の重金属濃度を低減する前処理を行ってもよい。前処理の方法は限定されない。例えば、中和剤(NaOH、Ca(OH)2など)を加えて原水のpHを5~10の範囲に調整し、重金属の水酸化物を生成させ、これを凝集沈澱処理し、原水の重金属濃度を10mg/L未満にしてもよい。あるいは、原水にアルミニウム塩や鉄塩を添加した後、中和剤(NaOH、Ca(OH)2など)を加えて原水のPHを5~10の範囲に調整し、水酸化物沈殿を生成させ、その沈殿に共沈させて、これを固液分離して原水の重金属濃度を10mg/L未満にしてもよい。
固液分離工程で分離した液分(処理水)に、有機物や浮遊物質、窒素化合物が残留している場合や、あるいは処理水のpHが9以上の場合がある。そこで、処理水の後処理工程を設けてもよい。後処理の方法は限定されない。(図5参照)。
図3に示す製造システムに従って以下のように浄化処理材を製造した。まず、水を添加槽10に導入し、ポリ塩化アルミニウムをアルミニウム濃度が水中で240mg/Lになるように添加した。これを反応槽30に導入した。その後、反応槽30で水に対し1g/Lとなる量の酸化マグネシウムと、ポリ塩化アルミニウムを添加した水とを混合し、20時間攪拌し、温度20℃下で反応させた。反応後、pH調整剤として水酸化ナトリウムを添加してpH8.5~9.5に調整した後、さらに2時間攪拌した。生成した浄化処理材を含むスラリーを固液分離槽40(シックナー)に導入して20時間静置して浄化処理材を沈降させた。固液分離後、沈殿物を脱水、乾燥して浄化処理材を得た。この浄化処理材を広角X線回折によって測定した結果を図6のAに示した。図示するように、酸化マグネシウム表面にハイドロタルサイトが形成された本発明の浄化処理材であった。
図4に示す製造システムに従って以下のように浄化処理材を製造した。まず、水を添加槽10に導入し、ポリ塩化アルミニウムをアルミニウム濃度が水中で240mg/Lになるように添加した。これを反応槽30に導入した。一方、固液分離槽40で分離した浄化処理材の全量を第二添加槽20に返送し、ここで酸化マグネシウムを水1Lに対して1g/L添加した。この浄化処理材を反応槽30に戻し、ポリ塩化アルミニウムを添加した水と混合し、30分間攪拌し、温度20℃下、30分間反応させた。反応後、pH調整剤として水酸化ナトリウムを添加してpH8.5~9.5に調整した後、生成した浄化処理材を固液分離槽40(シックナー)に導入して20時間静置して沈降させた。なお、固液分離槽40に導入する前にアニオン性高分子凝集剤2mg/Lを生成した浄化処理材スラリーに添加した。固液分離後、この分離した浄化処理材の全量を、上記のように、第二添加槽20に導入し、酸化マグネシウムを水1Lに対して1g/L添加して反応槽30に戻し、浄化処理材の生成を8回繰り返した。このとき、固液濃度120g/Lの浄化処理材スラリーを150mL得た。
図3に示す製造システムに従って浄化処理材を以下のように製造した。まず、水を添加槽10に導入し、ポリ塩化アルミニウムをアルミニウム濃度が水中で240mg/Lになるように添加した。これを反応槽30に導入した。その後、反応槽30で酸化マグネシウム1g/Lとポリ塩化アルミニウムを添加した水とを混合し、pH調整剤として水酸化ナトリウムを添加してpH8.5~9.5に調整した後、20時間攪拌し、温度20℃下、20時間反応させた。反応後、生成した浄化処理材を固液分離槽40(シックナー)に導入して、固液分離した。その後、脱水、乾燥をして浄化処理材を得た。
図3に示す製造システムに従って浄化処理材を以下のように製造した。まず、水を添加槽10に導入し、ポリ塩化アルミニウムをアルミニウム濃度が水中で240mg/Lになるように添加した。これを反応槽30に導入した。その後、反応槽30で塩化マグネシウム2.4g/Lとポリ塩化アルミニウムを添加した水とを混合し、pH調整剤として水酸化ナトリウムを添加してpH8.5~9.5に調整した後、20時間攪拌し、温度20℃下、20時間反応させた。反応後、生成した浄化処理材を固液分離槽40(シックナー)に導入して、固液分離した。その後、脱水、乾燥をして浄化処理材を得た。この浄化処理材をフッ素濃度20mg/Lの模擬廃水に0.5%添加し、30分間攪拌した。その後、30分間静置して浄化処理材を沈降させた。処理結果を表3に示した。
Claims (4)
- 酸化マグネシウムの表面にハイドロタルサイトが形成されてなる浄化処理材であって、
有害物質含有水に添加されて該ハイドロタルサイトに有害物質を取り込み、有害物質を取り込んだ状態で固液分離されることによって有害物質を系外に除去する有害物質含有水の浄化処理材。 - 酸化マグネシウムと可溶性アルミニウム塩を、水溶液中で、アルカリ性条件下で反応させて酸化マグネシウムの表面にハイドロタルサイトを形成してなる請求項1に記載する有害物質含有水の浄化処理材。
- ハイドロタルサイトの成分となる酸化マグネシウムと可溶性アルミニウム塩とを水に添加する工程と、
前記酸化マグネシウムと可溶性アルミニウム塩と水とをアルカリ性条件下で反応させて上記酸化マグネシウムの表面にハイドロタルサイトが形成された有害物質含有水の浄化処理材を含むスラリーを生成させる反応工程と、生成した前記スラリー中の浄化処理材を沈降させて固液分離することによって該処理材を回収する固液分離工程を有する有害物質含有水の浄化処理材の製造方法。 - 請求項3に記載する製造方法において、固液分離した処理材の一部または全部を反応工程に返送し、返送した処理材をハイドロタルサイトの形成に利用する有害物質含有水の浄化処理材の製造方法。
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