WO2012039090A1 - スパークプラグ - Google Patents
スパークプラグ Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2012039090A1 WO2012039090A1 PCT/JP2011/004495 JP2011004495W WO2012039090A1 WO 2012039090 A1 WO2012039090 A1 WO 2012039090A1 JP 2011004495 W JP2011004495 W JP 2011004495W WO 2012039090 A1 WO2012039090 A1 WO 2012039090A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- insulator
- tip
- spark plug
- axis
- curved surface
- Prior art date
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- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 173
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 33
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002788 crimping Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000013256 coordination polymer Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 38
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001209 Low-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000566 Platinum-iridium alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001260 Pt alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 239000005388 borosilicate glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005256 carbonitriding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005255 carburizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromate(2-) Chemical compound [O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010273 cold forging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001026 inconel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
- F02P13/00—Sparking plugs structurally combined with other parts of internal-combustion engines
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
- H01T13/20—Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation
- H01T13/36—Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation characterised by the joint between insulation and body, e.g. using cement
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
- H01T13/20—Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a spark plug used for an internal combustion engine or the like.
- the spark plug is attached to, for example, an internal combustion engine (engine) and is used to ignite an air-fuel mixture in a combustion chamber.
- a spark plug is provided on the outer periphery of an insulator having an axial hole, a center electrode inserted through the front end of the axial hole, a terminal electrode inserted through the rear end of the axial hole, and the insulator.
- a metal shell and a ground electrode provided at the tip of the metal shell and forming a spark discharge gap with the center electrode are provided. When a high voltage is applied to the center electrode, a spark discharge is generated in the spark discharge gap between the two electrodes, and the mixture is ignited.
- the insulator is inserted into the metal shell, and the step formed on the outer peripheral portion of the insulator is locked to the taper formed on the inner peripheral portion of the metal shell.
- the rear end opening is fixed to the metal shell by caulking inward in the radial direction.
- an annular plate packing is used to prevent the air-fuel mixture entering between the metal shell and the insulator from leaking outside.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and its purpose is to change the shape of the insulator in the boundary portion and the contact state of the insulator to the plate packing, thereby increasing the thickness of the insulator. It is an object of the present invention to provide a spark plug that can realize excellent breakage resistance without the need to do so.
- the spark plug of this configuration includes a cylindrical insulator extending in the axial direction, an annular plate packing, and a cylindrical metal shell provided on the outer periphery of the insulator.
- a step portion whose outer diameter is reduced toward the front end side in the axial direction, and a leg length portion extending toward the front end side in the axial direction are provided on the front end side of the step portion.
- a tapered portion whose inner diameter is reduced toward the distal end side in the axial direction is provided, and a rear end portion of the metal shell is crimped in a state where the stepped portion is locked to the tapered portion via the plate packing.
- the spark plug is fixed to the insulator and the metal shell, and a concave curved surface portion is provided between the stepped portion and the leg length portion on the outer periphery of the insulator.
- a concave curved surface portion is provided between the stepped portion and the leg length portion on the outer periphery of the insulator.
- the “intermediate portion of the curved surface portion” means a portion located at the midpoint of the outline of the curved surface portion in the cross section including the axis.
- the spark plug of this configuration is the above-described configuration 1, in which the entire area of the inner peripheral edge of the plate packing is in contact with a portion of the insulator that is located on the front end side of the intermediate portion between the front end and the rear end of the curved surface portion. It is characterized by. *
- the “curvature radius G” means that the virtual circle passing through the three points of the front end point and the rear end point of the curved surface portion and the midpoint of both in the cross section including the axis. The radius of curvature.
- the spark plug of this configuration is any one of the above configurations 1 to 3, wherein the insulator has a cylindrical middle body portion extending along the axis on the rear end side of the stepped portion.
- a convex second curved surface portion is provided between the step portion and the middle body portion, and a curvature radius of the curved surface portion is G (mm) in a cross section including the axis.
- the “curvature radius H” is an imaginary circle passing through three points of the front end point, the rear end point, and the midpoint of the second curved surface portion in the cross section including the axis. The radius of curvature.
- the spark plug of the present configuration is any one of the first to sixth configurations, wherein the insulator has a cylindrical middle body portion extending along the axis on the rear end side of the stepped portion, and the insulator A center electrode extending along the axis is inserted into the inner periphery of the inner end of the metal shell, and the tip of the center electrode is located closer to the tip in the axial direction than the tip of the insulator.
- the cross-sectional area of the insulator along the direction orthogonal to the axis is A (mm 2 ), and the cross-sectional area of the insulator along the direction orthogonal to the axis is B ( mm 2 ), and L (mm) is a length along the axis from the boundary portion between the middle body portion and the stepped portion to the tip of the insulator, and the insulation from the tip of the center electrode D is the volume up to the position on the rear end side 1 mm from the tip of the body.
- the “boundary portion between the middle body portion and the step portion” means that the middle body portion is extended to the front end side in the axial direction. It refers to a portion where a virtual surface and a virtual surface obtained by extending a step portion toward the rear end side in the axial direction intersect.
- the spark plug of this configuration projects the portion of the insulator located on the tip end side in the axial direction with respect to the tip end of the metal shell in a virtual plane parallel to the axis in any one of the above configurations 1 to 7.
- the projected plane has an area of the projected plane of 14.0 mm 2 or less.
- the insulator in any one of the above configurations 1 to 8, includes a straight tubular straight portion having a constant outer diameter at a tip portion of the spark plug, and the tip of the straight portion is the main body. It is located in the said axial direction front end side rather than the front-end
- the spark plug of this configuration is characterized in that, in the above-mentioned configuration 9, the rear end of the straight portion is closer to the rear end side in the axial direction than the front end of the metal shell.
- the inventor of the present application examined the factors that are likely to cause damage to the insulator at the boundary between the stepped portion and the leg long portion.
- the curved surface portion is provided between the step portion and the leg length portion. Therefore, the stress applied to the boundary portion by the external force can be effectively dispersed.
- the inner peripheral edge portion of the plate packing is in contact with a portion of the insulator that is closer to the tip side than the intermediate portion of the curved surface portion. Accordingly, the stress due to caulking is applied most greatly to the portion of the insulator that contacts the inner peripheral edge of the plate packing. As a result, the portion where the stress due to the external force is applied most (the intermediate portion of the curved surface portion and the vicinity thereof) and the portion where the stress due to the caulking is applied most are different, and the stress applied to the insulator can be further dispersed. it can.
- the stress applied to the portion located between the step portion and the leg length portion of the insulator can be extremely effectively dispersed, and the insulator is made thick. Without breaking, breakage resistance can be dramatically improved.
- the curvature radius G of the curved surface portion is set to a relatively large value of 0.8 mm or more. For this reason, the stress added to a curved surface part by external force can be disperse
- the curvature radius G is set to 1.4 mm or less, and an excessive increase in the curvature radius G is prevented. As a result, it is possible to suppress the deformation of the tapered portion during caulking, and as a result, it is possible to more reliably prevent damage to the insulator.
- the second curved surface portion is provided between the step portion and the middle body portion, and the curvature radius H (mm) of the second curved surface portion satisfies G / H ⁇ 3.0. It is configured as follows. Thereby, the stress added to a curved surface part by caulking can be reduced. *
- both the stress by crimping and the stress by external force which are added with respect to a curved surface part can be reduced, and the breakage resistance of an insulator is improved further. Can be made.
- the spark plug of configuration 7 D / A ⁇ 1.00 (mm) is set, and the cross-sectional area A of the front end portion of the insulator is sufficiently increased with respect to the volume D of the front end portion of the center electrode. It is comprised so that.
- the tip of the insulator has sufficient strength with respect to the weight of the tip of the center electrode, and even if a situation occurs in which the tip of the center electrode collides with the insulator due to an impact, Damage to the tip of the body can be prevented more reliably.
- (B / A) /L ⁇ 0.20 that is, B ⁇ 0.2 ⁇ L ⁇ A
- the cross-sectional area B of the base end portion of the leg length portion is equal to the length L of the leg length portion.
- the value obtained by multiplying the value obtained by multiplying the cross-sectional area A of the distal end portion of the insulator that is, the value corresponding to the stress that can be applied to the base end portion of the leg long portion by an external force
- a factor of 0.2 is set. For this reason, the base end part of the leg long part has sufficient strength against the stress, and damage to the base end part of the leg long part can be prevented more reliably.
- tip of the metal shell among insulators by knocking etc. can be made small enough.
- the stress applied to the insulator can be further reduced, and the breakage resistance can be further improved.
- the impact applied to the tip of the insulator can be further reduced, and the breakage resistance can be further improved.
- FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway front view showing a spark plug 1.
- the direction of the axis CL ⁇ b> 1 of the spark plug 1 is the vertical direction in the drawing, the lower side is the front end side of the spark plug 1, and the upper side is the rear end side. *
- the spark plug 1 includes an insulator 2 as a cylindrical insulator, a cylindrical metal shell 3 that holds the insulator 2, and the like. *
- the insulator 2 is formed by firing alumina or the like, and in its outer portion, a rear end side body portion 10 formed on the rear end side, and a front end than the rear end side body portion 10.
- a large-diameter portion 11 that protrudes radially outward on the side, a middle body portion 12 that is smaller in diameter than the large-diameter portion 11, and a tip portion that is more distal than the middle body portion 12.
- the leg length part 13 formed in diameter smaller than this on the side is provided.
- the large diameter portion 11, the middle trunk portion 12, and most of the leg long portions 13 are accommodated inside the metal shell 3.
- the step part 14 in which an outer diameter reduces toward the axial line CL1 direction front end side is formed, and the insulator 2 is a main part in the said step part 14. Locked to the metal fitting 3.
- the insulator 2 is formed with a shaft hole 4 penetrating along the axis CL1, and a center electrode 5 is inserted and fixed to the tip end side of the shaft hole 4.
- the center electrode 5 is made of a Ni alloy (for example, Inconel (registered trademark) 600) having nickel (Ni) as a main component, and has a rod shape (cylindrical shape) as a whole. Further, the center electrode 5 has a flat tip surface and a tip protruding from the tip of the insulator 2. Note that an inner layer made of copper or copper alloy having excellent thermal conductivity may be provided inside the center electrode 5. In this case, the heat extraction of the center electrode 5 is improved, and the wear resistance can be improved. *
- Ni alloy for example, Inconel (registered trademark) 600
- Ni nickel
- the center electrode 5 has a flat tip surface and a tip protruding from the tip of the insulator 2.
- an inner layer made of copper or copper alloy having excellent thermal conductivity may be provided inside the center electrode
- a terminal electrode 6 is inserted and fixed on the rear end side of the shaft hole 4 in a state of protruding from the rear end of the insulator 2.
- a cylindrical resistor 7 is disposed between the center electrode 5 and the terminal electrode 6 of the shaft hole 4. Both ends of the resistor 7 are electrically connected to the center electrode 5 and the terminal electrode 6 through conductive glass seal layers 8 and 9, respectively.
- the metal shell 3 is formed in a cylindrical shape from a metal such as low carbon steel, and a spark plug 1 is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the metal shell 3 such as an internal combustion engine or a fuel cell reformer.
- a threaded portion (male threaded portion) 15 for attachment to the hole is formed.
- a seat portion 16 is formed on the outer peripheral surface on the rear end side of the screw portion 15, and a ring-shaped gasket 18 is fitted on the screw neck 17 on the rear end of the screw portion 15.
- a tool engaging portion 19 having a hexagonal cross section for engaging a tool such as a wrench when the metal shell 3 is attached to the combustion device is provided.
- 1 is provided with a caulking portion 20 for holding the insulator 2.
- the spark plug 1 is downsized, and the screw diameter of the screw portion 15 is relatively small (for example, M12 or less). *
- a taper portion 21 whose inner diameter is reduced toward the distal end side in the axis line CL1 direction is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the metal shell 3.
- the insulator 2 is inserted from the rear end side to the front end side of the metal shell 3, and the rear end of the metal shell 3 is engaged with the taper portion 21 of the metal shell 3. It is fixed to the metal shell 3 by caulking the opening on the side inward in the radial direction, that is, by forming the caulking portion 20.
- An annular plate packing 22 is interposed between the stepped portion 14 of the insulator 2 and the tapered portion 21 of the metal shell 3. Thereby, the airtightness in the combustion chamber is maintained, and the fuel gas entering the gap between the leg long portion 13 of the insulator 2 exposed to the combustion chamber and the inner peripheral surface of the metal shell 3 is prevented from leaking outside.
- annular ring members 23 and 24 are interposed between the metal shell 3 and the insulator 2 on the rear end side of the metal shell 3, and the ring member 23 , 24 is filled with powder of talc (talc) 25. That is, the metal shell 3 holds the insulator 2 via the plate packing 22, the ring members 23 and 24, and the talc 25.
- a ground electrode 27 is provided at the distal end portion 26 of the metal shell 3 so as to be bent back at a substantially intermediate portion and the side surface of the distal end portion faces the distal end surface of the center electrode 5.
- a spark discharge gap 28 is formed between the front end portion of the center electrode 5 and the front end portion of the ground electrode 27 so that a spark discharge is generated in a direction substantially along the axis line CL1.
- a concave curved surface portion 31 is provided between the step portion 14 and the leg length portion 13 on the outer periphery of the insulator 2.
- a convex second curved surface portion 32 is provided between the intermediate body portion 12 and the middle body portion 12.
- FIG. 3 (FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view when the plate packing 22 and the like are viewed from the front end side in the direction of the axis CL1), along the circumferential direction of the inner peripheral edge IP of the plate packing 22. The entire region is in contact with a portion of the insulator 2 that is located on the tip side of the intermediate portion CP between the tip end and the rear end of the curved surface portion 31. That is, the inner peripheral edge portion IP is located inside the intermediate portion CP.
- 50% of the inner peripheral edge IP in the circumferential direction may be configured to be in contact with a portion on the tip side of the intermediate portion CP in the insulator 2.
- 75% of the inner peripheral edge IP in the circumferential direction may be configured to be in contact with a portion of the insulator 2 that is closer to the tip than the intermediate portion CP.
- the second curved surface portion 32 is configured to satisfy 1.0 ⁇ G / H ⁇ 3.0 when the curvature radius is H (mm) in the cross section including the axis line CL1.
- the curved surface portion 31 and the second curved surface portion 32 are configured to have a certain radius of curvature.
- the acute angle of the angles formed by the outline of the step portion 14 and the straight line orthogonal to the axis CL1 is ⁇ (°)
- the outline of the tapered portion 21 is orthogonal to the axis CL1.
- Both angles ⁇ and ⁇ are set so that ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ and ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ + 15 are satisfied when the acute angle of the angle formed with the straight line is ⁇ (°).
- the cross-sectional area of the insulator 2 along the direction orthogonal to the axis CL1 at the tip of the metal shell 3 is A (mm 2 ), and the axis CL1 at the base end of the leg long portion 13 is
- the cross-sectional area of the insulator 2 along the orthogonal direction is B (mm 2 ), and the insulator is formed from the boundary portion between the middle body portion 12 and the step portion 14 (in the present embodiment, the intermediate portion of the second curved surface portion 32).
- the length along the axis CL1 up to the tip of 2 is L (mm), and a portion of the center electrode 5 from the tip to a position on the rear end side of 1 mm from the tip of the insulator 2 (in FIG.
- D (mm 3 ) is the volume of the portion with the dot pattern
- D / A ⁇ 1.00 (mm) and (B / A) /L ⁇ 0.20 (mm ⁇ 1 ) are satisfied. It is configured as follows.
- a value obtained by multiplying a value obtained by multiplying the length L by the cross-sectional area A of the distal end portion of the insulator 2 (that is, a value corresponding to a stress that can be applied to the proximal end portion of the leg long portion 13 by impact or the like) by a coefficient 0.2 It is said that.
- tip of the metal shell 3 is made into comparatively small 5 mm or less, and the overheating prevention of the insulator 2 front-end
- a projection plane PS (FIG. 7) in which a portion of the insulator 2 that is located on the tip side of the metal shell 3 in the direction of the axis CL1 is projected onto a virtual plane VS parallel to the axis CL1. 7, the area of the projection plane PS is relatively small at 14.0 mm 2 or less.
- the insulator 2 includes a straight tubular straight portion 33 having a constant outer diameter at the tip portion thereof.
- the front end 33A of the straight portion 33 is positioned on the front end side in the axis CL1 direction with respect to the front end of the metal shell 3.
- the rear end 33B of the straight portion 33 is in the axis CL1 direction from the front end of the metal shell 3. Located on the rear end side.
- the metal shell 3 is processed in advance. That is, a through-hole is formed by subjecting a cylindrical metal material (for example, an iron-based material such as S17C or S25C or a stainless steel material) to a cold forging process, and a rough shape is manufactured. Thereafter, the outer shape is adjusted by cutting to obtain a metal shell intermediate.
- a cylindrical metal material for example, an iron-based material such as S17C or S25C or a stainless steel material
- a straight bar-shaped ground electrode 27 made of an Ni alloy is resistance-welded to the front end surface of the metal shell intermediate.
- so-called “sag” is generated.
- the threaded portion 15 is formed by rolling at a predetermined portion of the metal shell intermediate body.
- the metal shell 3 to which the ground electrode 27 is welded is galvanized or nickel plated.
- the surface may be further subjected to chromate treatment.
- the insulator 2 is formed separately from the metal shell 3.
- a raw material powder containing alumina as a main component and containing a binder or the like is used to prepare a green granulated material for molding, and a rubber molded product is used to obtain a cylindrical molded body.
- the insulator 2 is obtained by subjecting the obtained molded body to grinding and shaping the outer shape, followed by firing.
- center electrode 5 is manufactured by forging the Ni alloy. *
- annular plate packing 22 is produced by punching a soft steel plate softer than the metal material constituting the metal shell 3 and subjecting the punched material to carburizing or carbonitriding.
- the plate packing 22 is configured so that the inner diameter thereof is relatively small (similar to the outer diameter of the base end of the long leg portion 13). Further, the plate packing 22 before assembly has a substantially flat plate shape.
- the glass seal layers 8 and 9 are generally prepared by mixing borosilicate glass and metal powder, and the prepared material is injected into the shaft hole 4 of the insulator 2 with the resistor 7 interposed therebetween. Then, the terminal electrode 6 is pressed from behind, and then baked in a baking furnace. At this time, the glaze layer may be fired simultaneously on the surface of the rear end body portion 10 of the insulator 2 or the glaze layer may be formed in advance.
- the insulator 2 and the metal shell 3 manufactured as described above are fixed. That is, after the plate packing 22 is disposed on the tapered portion 21, the insulator 2 is inserted from the rear end side opening of the metal shell 3. And by applying a pressing force toward the front end side in the direction of the axis CL1 with respect to the rear end portion of the metal shell 3 by a predetermined jig (not shown) having a recess corresponding to the shape of the crimping portion 20, The rear end side opening of the metal shell 3 is bent radially inward (that is, the caulking portion 20 is formed). Thereby, the insulator 2 and the metal shell 3 are fixed.
- the plate packing 22 which was substantially flat plate shape is crushed and deformed along the step part 14 and the taper part 21 by performing the said crimping.
- the plate packing 22 is in close contact with the stepped portion 14 and the tapered portion 21, and the entire inner peripheral edge IP of the plate packing 22 is in contact with a portion of the insulator 2 that is more distal than the intermediate portion CP. It becomes.
- the curved surface portion 31 is provided between the stepped portion 14 and the leg long portion 13, the stress applied to the curved surface portion 31 by an external force can be effectively dispersed. Can do. *
- the inner peripheral edge IP of the plate packing 22 may contact the site
- FIG. Accordingly, the stress due to the caulking is applied to the portion of the insulator 2 that contacts the inner peripheral edge IP of the plate packing 22 most greatly.
- the portion where the stress due to the external force is applied most (the intermediate portion CP of the curved surface portion 31 and the vicinity thereof) is different from the portion where the stress caused by the caulking is applied most, and the stress applied to the insulator 2 is further dispersed. Can be made.
- the entire circumferential direction IP of the inner peripheral edge portion IP of the plate packing 22 is in contact with a portion located on the tip side of the intermediate portion CP of the curved surface portion 31 of the insulator 2. Therefore, stress due to caulking and stress due to external force can be dispersed over the entire circumferential direction.
- the stress applied to the portion of the insulator 2 located between the step portion 14 and the leg length portion 13 can be very effectively dispersed, and the thickness of the insulator 2 can be increased. Fracture resistance can be dramatically improved without using meat.
- the present invention is particularly significant in the spark plug 1 in which the screw diameter of the screw portion 15 is relatively small and it is difficult to increase the thickness of the insulator 2 as in this embodiment.
- the curvature radius G of the curved surface portion 31 is relatively large, 0.8 mm or more, the stress applied to the curved surface portion 31 by an external force can be further dispersed, and the breakage resistance can be further improved. it can.
- the curvature radius G is set to 1.4 mm or less, it is possible to more reliably prevent the taper portion 21 from being deformed and thus the insulator 2 from being damaged during caulking.
- the second curved surface portion 32 is provided between the stepped portion 14 and the middle body portion 12, and the radius of curvature H (mm) of the second curved surface portion 32 is 1.0 ⁇ G / H ⁇ 3.0. It is configured to satisfy. Thereby, both the stress by caulking applied to the curved surface portion 31 and the stress by external force can be reduced, and the breakage resistance can be further improved.
- the area of the projection surface PS is 14.0 mm 2 or less, the impact applied to the portion of the insulator 2 protruding from the tip of the metal shell 3 due to knocking or the like is made sufficiently small. it can. As a result, the stress applied to the insulator 2 can be further reduced, and the breakage resistance can be further improved.
- the straight portion 33 is provided at the front end portion of the insulator 2, and the rear end 33 ⁇ / b> B of the straight portion 33 is located on the rear end side in the axis line CL ⁇ b> 1 direction from the front end of the metal shell 3. Therefore, the impact applied to the tip of the insulator 2 can be further reduced, and the breakage resistance can be further improved.
- the contact ratio along the circumferential direction of the inner peripheral edge of the plate packing with respect to the portion on the tip side of the intermediate portion of the insulator is 0%, 50 % Or 100% of spark plug samples were prepared, and a bending test was performed on each sample.
- the outline of the bending test is as follows. That is, using a predetermined autograph, a load in the direction perpendicular to the axis is applied to the tip of the insulator from three different directions in the circumferential direction, and the load when the insulator is broken (breakage load) is calculated. It was measured. Table 1 shows the breaking load in each sample and the average value of the breaking load.
- the curvature radius G of the curved surface portion was 0.5 mm
- the curvature radius H of the second curved surface portion was 0.2 mm
- the outer diameter of the base end of the leg long portion was 5.3 mm.
- the said contact ratio was changed by adjusting the conditions at the time of forming a crimp part (for example, the load etc. which are added to the rear-end part of a main metal fitting).
- FIG. 9 shows the test results of the test.
- the contact ratio was set to 100%.
- the breaking load when a load was applied from a predetermined direction by an autograph was measured. *
- the insulator samples with various curvature radii G (mm) were fixed to the metal shell by caulking, and the amount of deformation of the tapered portion after fixing was measured.
- FIG. 10 the graph showing the relationship between the curvature radius G and the deformation amount of a taper part is shown.
- the amount of deformation of the taper portion is the amount of deformation along the axial direction of the taper portion after caulking relative to the taper portion before caulking, and was measured by observing the cross section of the metal shell.
- the curvature radius G of the curved surface portion is more preferably 0.8 mm or more and 1.4 mm or less in order to further improve the breakage resistance and suppress the deformation of the tapered portion.
- the curvature radius G of the curved surface portion is set to 0.8 mm, 1.0 mm, or 1.2 mm, and the curvature radius H (mm) of the second curved surface portion is changed to change various G / H.
- a plurality of modified spark plug samples were prepared, and a bending test was performed on each sample.
- FIG. 11 shows the test results of the test.
- the test results of the sample with the curvature radius G of 0.8 mm are indicated by circles
- the test results of the sample with the curvature radius G of 1.0 mm are indicated by triangles
- the curvature radius G is 1.
- the test result of the sample set to 2 mm is shown by a square.
- the contact ratio was 100%
- the outer diameter of the base end of the leg length was 5.3 mm.
- the breaking load when a load was applied from a predetermined direction by an autograph was measured. *
- the outline of the airtightness test is as follows. That is, 10 samples with various ⁇ - ⁇ changes were prepared, each sample was attached to a predetermined chamber, and the samples were kept in an atmosphere at 150 ° C. for 30 minutes. An air pressure of 5 MPa was applied. Then, it was confirmed whether or not air leaked from between the insulator and the metal shell, and the number of air leaks (leakage number) among the ten was measured.
- the samples in which air leakage was not confirmed were evaluated as “ ⁇ ” as being excellent in airtightness, and the samples having 1 to 5 leakages were slightly inferior in airtightness. As “ ⁇ ”. *
- a caulking test was also performed on the insulators having various angles ⁇ .
- the outline of the caulking test is as follows. That is, ten insulators with various changes in the angle ⁇ were produced, and each insulator was fixed to a metal shell with an angle ⁇ of the taper portion of 30 ° by caulking. Then, after caulking, it was confirmed whether or not the insulator was broken, and the number of broken pieces (the number of broken pieces) among the ten pieces was measured. Here, when all 10 pieces were not damaged, “ ⁇ ” was evaluated, and when the number of damaged pieces was 1 to 5, “ ⁇ ” was evaluated. *
- FIG. 12 shows the test results of the bending test
- Table 2 shows the test results of the airtightness test and the caulking test.
- the contact ratio was 100%
- the curvature radius G of the curved surface portion was 0.8 mm
- the curvature radius H of the second curved surface portion was 0.4 mm.
- the sample in which ⁇ - ⁇ is negative (that is, ⁇ ⁇ ) has a lower fracture load than other samples. It was found that the insulator was easily damaged by tightening. This is because ⁇ ⁇ is applied, so that a large stress is applied to the curved surface part in the radial direction while being pressed by the middle body part by caulking, or the inner peripheral edge part of the plate packing has a diameter. This is thought to be because it became easier to deform toward the inside of the direction. *
- angles ⁇ and ⁇ are more preferably set to satisfy ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ in order to further improve the breakage resistance.
- the outline of the impact resistance test is as follows. That is, after attaching each sample to the L-shaped bush, an impact was applied to the tip of the sample at a rate of 400 times per minute as an impact 22 mm by an impact tester specified in 7.4 of JIS B8031. And after 3 hours progress, while checking the presence or absence of the crack in the front-end
- the samples in which no cracks were confirmed in all 10 samples were evaluated as “ ⁇ ” as having excellent impact resistance, and the samples having 1 to 5 cracks were slightly inferior in impact resistance. As “ ⁇ ”. Table 3 shows the test results of the test.
- the evaluation was performed separately for the distal end portion and the proximal end portion of the leg long portion.
- the contact ratio was 100%
- the curvature radius G of the curved surface portion was 1.0 mm
- the curvature radius H of the second curved surface portion was 0.4 mm.
- the sample which made (B / A) / L 0.20 or more can suppress the crack in the base end part of a leg long part. This is because the stress applied to the base end portion of the leg length portion due to impact is proportional to the leg length L and the weight of the tip end portion of the insulator, and (B / A) /L ⁇ 0.20. This is considered to be because the base end portion has a sufficient strength against stress.
- the tip of the insulator is positioned closer to the tip in the axial direction than the tip of the metal shell.
- the outline of the knocking test is as follows. That is, after assembling each sample to a predetermined engine, knocking was generated and an impact was applied to the tip of the insulator. Thereafter, the presence or absence of cracks in the insulator was confirmed, and the number of cracks (number of cracks) was measured.
- a sample in which no cracks were confirmed in all 10 samples was evaluated as “ ⁇ ” because it was extremely excellent in impact resistance. Samples with 1 to 3 cracks were excellent in impact resistance. “ ⁇ ” was evaluated as having a crack, and samples having 4 to 5 cracks were rated “ ⁇ ” as having sufficient impact resistance. On the other hand, samples with 6 to 9 cracks were evaluated as “ ⁇ ” because they were slightly inferior in impact resistance.
- Table 4 shows the test results of the knocking test.
- Samples 1 to 16 have a shape in which the outer diameter is reduced with the tip of the insulator facing the tip, and Samples 17 to 21 are provided with a straight portion having a certain outer shape at the tip of the insulator. .
- the distance X along the axial direction from the front end of the metal shell to the rear end of the straight portion when the front end of the main metal plate is the negative side with respect to the front end of the metal shell is changed. (The distance X being negative means that the rear end of the straight portion is positioned closer to the rear end side in the axial direction than the front end of the metal shell). *
- samples 1 to 9, 17 to 21 having a projected area of 14.0 mm 2 or less had sufficient impact resistance. This is because, when knocking, an impact is applied to the part of the insulator protruding from the tip of the metal shell, and the impact applied to the insulator is reduced by reducing the projected area, and consequently the base end of the leg long part. This is thought to be because the stress applied to the film could be reduced.
- samples 17 to 21 in which the straight portion is provided at the tip of the insulator further improved the impact resistance, and in particular, the rear end of the straight portion is closer to the rear end in the axial direction than the tip of the metal shell. It was revealed that the samples configured to be positioned (Samples 18 to 21) had very excellent impact resistance. *
- the insulator or the like so that the projected area is 14.0 mm 2 or less in order to further improve the breakage resistance.
- the curvature radius G of the curved surface portion 31 and the curvature radius H of the second curved surface portion 32 are constant, but the curvature radius is not necessarily constant for the curved surface portion 31 and the second curved surface portion. It is not necessary, and the radius of curvature may be changed stepwise or continuously. In this case, the curvature radius G (curvature radius H) passes through the three points of the front end point and rear end point of the curved surface portion 31 (second curved surface portion 32) and the midpoint of both in the cross section including the axis CL1. The radius of curvature of the virtual circle. *
- the spark discharge gap 28 is formed between the center electrode 5 and the ground electrode 27.
- the electrodes 5 and 27 is made of a noble metal alloy (for example, platinum alloy or iridium alloy).
- a noble metal tip may be provided, and a spark discharge gap may be formed between the noble metal tip provided on one electrode and the other electrode, or between both noble metal tips provided on both electrodes.
- the tool engaging portion 19 has a hexagonal cross section, but the shape of the tool engaging portion 19 is not limited to such a shape.
- it may be a Bi-HEX (deformed 12-angle) shape [ISO 22777: 2005 (E)].
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Abstract
Description
の先端側のみが板パッキンと接触することとなってしまう。その結果、両者の接触面積が十分に確保されず、気密性が低下してしまうおそれがある。
金具3の先端よりも軸線CL1方向先端側に位置しており、一方で、ストレート部33の後端33Bが、主体金具3の先端よりも軸線CL1方向後端側に位置している。
を示す。尚、テーパ部の変形量は、加締め前におけるテーパ部に対する、加締め後におけるテーパ部の軸線方向に沿った変形量であり、主体金具の断面を観察することで測定した。
Claims (10)
- 軸線方向に延びる筒状の絶縁体と
環状の板パッキンと、
前記絶縁体の外周に設けられる筒状の主体金具とを備え、
前記絶縁体の外周には、
前記軸線方向先端側に向けて外径が縮径する段部と、
前記段部の先端側において、前記軸線方向先端側に向けて延びる脚長部とが設けられ、
前記主体金具の内周には、前記軸線方向先端側に向けて内径が縮径するテーパ部が設けられ、
前記テーパ部に前記板パッキンを介して前記段部が係止された状態で前記主体金具の後端部が加締められることにより、前記絶縁体と前記主体金具とが固定されるスパークプラグであって、
前記絶縁体の外周において、前記段部と前記脚長部との間には、凹状の湾曲面部が設けられており、
前記板パッキンの内周縁部の周方向における50%以上が、前記絶縁体のうち前記湾曲面部の先端と後端との中間部よりも先端側に位置する部位に接していることを特徴とするスパークプラグ。 - 前記板パッキンの内周縁部の全域が、前記絶縁体のうち前記湾曲面部の先端と後端との中間部よりも先端側に位置する部位に接していることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のスパークプラグ。
- 前記軸線を含む断面において、前記湾曲面部の曲率半径をG(mm)としたとき、 0.8≦G≦1.4
を満たすことを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載のスパークプラグ。 - 前記絶縁体は、前記段部の後端側に、前記軸線に沿って延びる筒状の中胴部を有し、
前記絶縁体の外周において、前記段部と前記中胴部との間には、凸状の第2湾曲面部が設けられており、
前記軸線を含む断面において、前記湾曲面部の曲率半径をG(mm)とし、前記第2湾曲面部の曲率半径をH(mm)としたとき、
1.0≦G/H≦3.0
を満たすことを特徴とする請求項1乃至3のいずれか1項に記載のスパークプラグ。 - 前記軸線を含む断面において、前記段部の外形線と前記軸線に直交する直線とのなす角のうち鋭角の角度をα(°)とし、前記テーパ部の外形線と前記軸線に直交する直線とのなす角のうち鋭角の角度をβ(°)としたとき、
α≧β
を満たすことを特徴とする請求項1乃至4のいずれか1項に記載のスパークプラグ。 - α≦β+15(°)
を満たすことを特徴とする請求項5に記載のスパークプラグ。 - 前記絶縁体は、前記段部の後端側に、前記軸線に沿って延びる筒状の中胴部を有するとともに、
前記絶縁体の内周には、前記軸線に沿って延びる中心電極が挿設され、
前記中心電極の先端が、前記絶縁体の先端よりも前記軸線方向先端側に位置しており、
前記主体金具の先端における、前記軸線と直交する方向に沿った前記絶縁体の断面積をA(mm2)とし、
前記脚長部の基端における、前記軸線と直交する方向に沿った前記絶縁体の断面積をB(mm2)とし、
前記中胴部と前記段部との境界部分から前記絶縁体の先端までの前記軸線に沿った長さをL(mm)とし、
前記中心電極のうち、その先端から前記絶縁体の先端よりも1mm後端側の位置までの体積をD(mm3)としたとき、
D/A≦1.00(mm)、及び、(B/A)/L≧0.20(mm-1)
を満たすことを特徴とする請求項1乃至6のいずれか1項に記載のスパークプラグ。 - 前記絶縁体のうち、前記主体金具の先端よりも前記軸線方向先端側に位置する部位を、前記軸線と平行な仮想平面に投影した投影面において、
前記投影面の面積が14.0mm2以下とされることを特徴とする請求項1乃至7のいずれか1項に記載のスパークプラグ。 - 前記絶縁体は、自身の先端部に一定の外径を有する直管状のストレート部を備え、前記ストレート部の先端は、前記主体金具の先端よりも前記軸線方向先端側に位置していることを特徴とする請求項1乃至8のいずれか1項に記載のスパークプラグ。
- 前記ストレート部の後端は、前記主体金具の先端よりも前記軸線方向後端側にあることを特徴とする請求項9に記載のスパークプラグ。
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CN2011800043872A CN102598442B (zh) | 2010-09-21 | 2011-08-08 | 火花塞 |
US13/518,126 US8624475B2 (en) | 2010-09-21 | 2011-08-08 | Spark plug |
KR1020127013632A KR101392135B1 (ko) | 2010-09-21 | 2011-08-08 | 스파크 플러그 |
EP11826542.0A EP2479855B1 (en) | 2010-09-21 | 2011-08-08 | Spark plug |
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US9819155B2 (en) | 2013-03-01 | 2017-11-14 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Spark plug |
EP2876753B1 (en) * | 2012-07-17 | 2020-08-05 | NGK Spark Plug Co., Ltd. | Spark plug |
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KR101656630B1 (ko) * | 2012-07-17 | 2016-09-09 | 니혼도꾸슈도교 가부시키가이샤 | 점화플러그 및 그 제조방법 |
CN104488150B (zh) * | 2012-07-17 | 2016-09-07 | 日本特殊陶业株式会社 | 火花塞 |
JP5369227B1 (ja) * | 2012-07-30 | 2013-12-18 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | 点火プラグ |
EP3057186B1 (en) * | 2013-10-11 | 2020-09-23 | NGK Spark Plug Co., Ltd. | Spark plug |
JP5778820B1 (ja) * | 2014-04-09 | 2015-09-16 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | スパークプラグ |
JP6427142B2 (ja) * | 2016-06-14 | 2018-11-21 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | スパークプラグ |
DE102017205828A1 (de) * | 2017-04-05 | 2018-10-11 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Zündkerze mit verbesserter Dichtheit |
DE102017210235A1 (de) | 2017-06-20 | 2018-12-20 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Zündkerze mit mehrstufigem Isolatorsitz |
DE102019126831A1 (de) | 2018-10-11 | 2020-04-16 | Federal-Mogul Ignition Llc | Zündkerze |
JP7202222B2 (ja) * | 2019-03-07 | 2023-01-11 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | 点火プラグ |
JP6916845B2 (ja) * | 2019-08-13 | 2021-08-11 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | スパークプラグ |
JP7001655B2 (ja) * | 2019-11-12 | 2022-01-19 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | スパークプラグ |
JP6986118B1 (ja) * | 2020-07-06 | 2021-12-22 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | スパークプラグ |
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EP2479855A4 (en) | 2014-01-08 |
KR20120088765A (ko) | 2012-08-08 |
EP2479855B1 (en) | 2018-10-10 |
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CN102598442B (zh) | 2013-12-04 |
US8624475B2 (en) | 2014-01-07 |
JP2012069251A (ja) | 2012-04-05 |
JP4928626B2 (ja) | 2012-05-09 |
US20120267995A1 (en) | 2012-10-25 |
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KR101392135B1 (ko) | 2014-05-07 |
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