WO2012014290A1 - 方向性電磁鋼板及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
方向性電磁鋼板及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012014290A1 WO2012014290A1 PCT/JP2010/062679 JP2010062679W WO2012014290A1 WO 2012014290 A1 WO2012014290 A1 WO 2012014290A1 JP 2010062679 W JP2010062679 W JP 2010062679W WO 2012014290 A1 WO2012014290 A1 WO 2012014290A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D10/00—Modifying the physical properties by methods other than heat treatment or deformation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0205—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips of ferrous alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0278—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips involving a particular surface treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
- C21D8/1216—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties the working step(s) being of interest
- C21D8/1233—Cold rolling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
- C21D8/1277—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties involving a particular surface treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/46—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/34—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of silicon
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/12—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials
- H01F1/14—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/147—Alloys characterised by their composition
- H01F1/14766—Fe-Si based alloys
- H01F1/14775—Fe-Si based alloys in the form of sheets
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/12—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials
- H01F1/14—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/16—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of sheets
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2201/00—Treatment for obtaining particular effects
- C21D2201/05—Grain orientation
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet suitable for an iron core of a transformer and a method for manufacturing the same.
- the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet contains Si, and the axis of easy magnetization (cubic (100) ⁇ 001>) of the crystal grains is substantially aligned with the rolling direction in the steel sheet manufacturing process.
- Such a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet is very excellent as a material such as an iron core of a transformer.
- magnetic properties of grain-oriented electrical steel sheets particularly important are magnetic flux density and iron loss.
- the magnetic flux density of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet when a predetermined magnetizing force is applied has a high degree of orientation of crystal orientation, that is, the degree of easy alignment of crystal grains in the rolling direction (also referred to as L direction) of the steel sheet. There is a tendency to become larger.
- As an index representing the magnetic flux density typically the magnetic flux density B 8 it is used.
- the magnetic flux density B 8 when the magnetizing force of 800A / m is applied to the L direction, a magnetic flux density generated in the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet. That is, as the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet high value of magnetic flux density B 8, the magnetic flux density generated at a constant magnetizing force is large, it can be said to be suitable for good transformer small and efficiency.
- the iron loss W17 / 50 is used as a parameter
- the iron loss W 17/50 is an iron loss when the directional electrical steel sheet is AC-excited under the conditions that the maximum magnetic flux density is 1.7 T and the frequency is 50 Hz. It can be said that a grain- oriented electrical steel sheet having a smaller iron loss W 17/50 has a lower energy loss and is suitable for a transformer. Also, the larger the value of the magnetic flux density B 8, there is a tendency that the value of iron loss W 17/50 is reduced. Therefore, improvement of crystal orientation is also effective for reducing iron loss W 17/50 .
- grain-oriented electrical steel sheets are manufactured as follows. A raw material of a silicon steel plate containing a predetermined amount of Si is hot-rolled, annealed, and cold-rolled to obtain a silicon steel plate having a desired thickness. Next, the silicon steel sheet after cold rolling is annealed. By this annealing, primary recrystallization occurs, and so-called Goss-oriented crystal grains (Gos-oriented grains, crystal grain size: 20 ⁇ m to 30 ⁇ m) having easy magnetization axes aligned in the rolling direction are formed. This annealing also serves as decarburization annealing. Thereafter, an annealing separator mainly composed of MgO is applied to the surface of the silicon steel sheet on which primary recrystallization has occurred.
- Goss-oriented grains crystal grain size: 20 ⁇ m to 30 ⁇ m
- the silicon steel sheet coated with the annealing separator is wound up to produce a steel sheet coil, and batch processing annealing is performed on the steel sheet coil.
- batch processing annealing is performed on the steel sheet coil.
- secondary recrystallization occurs and a glass film is formed on the surface of the silicon steel sheet.
- goss-oriented crystal grains preferentially grow due to the influence of the inhibitor contained in the silicon steel sheet, and the crystal grains with a larger size become 100 mm or more.
- annealing to flatten the silicon steel plate on which secondary recrystallization has occurred, formation of an insulating film, and the like are performed.
- FIG. 1A is a diagram showing the orientation of crystal grains obtained by secondary recrystallization.
- the silicon steel plate is not flat and is wound in a coil shape, the tangential direction of the circumference of the steel plate coil coincides with the rolling direction 13.
- the crystal grains 14 do not grow in accordance with the shape of the steel sheet coil, but grow while maintaining the linearity of the crystal orientation in the crystal grains 14 as shown in FIG. 1A.
- the easy magnetization axis direction 12 does not become parallel to the surface of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet. Occurs. That is, the angle deviation ⁇ between the easy axis direction of each crystal grain 14 (cubic (100) ⁇ 001>) and the rolling direction increases. When the angle deviation ⁇ increases, the orientation of crystal orientation decreases, and the magnetic flux density B 8 decreases.
- the increase in the angle deviation ⁇ becomes more significant as the crystal grain size increases.
- JP-A-7-268474 JP 60-114519 A Japanese Patent Publication No. 06-19112 JP-A-61-75506 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-183131 JP 2006-144058 A
- An object of the present invention is to provide a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet that can improve magnetic flux density and reduce iron loss while maintaining high productivity, and a method for manufacturing the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet.
- a step of cold rolling a silicon steel plate containing Si, a step of decarburizing and annealing the silicon steel plate to cause primary recrystallization, and then winding the silicon steel plate A step of obtaining a steel plate coil, a step of causing secondary recrystallization by annealing the steel plate coil in a batch process, and a step of unwinding and flattening the steel plate coil. And between the step of performing the cold rolling and the step of obtaining the steel plate coil, a laser beam is applied to the surface of the silicon steel plate from one end to the other end in the plate width direction of the silicon steel plate with respect to the rolling direction.
- the crystal grain boundary penetrating the front and back surfaces of the silicon steel sheet along the locus of the laser beam suppresses the angle deviation, thereby improving the magnetic flux density and reducing the iron loss while maintaining high productivity. Can be reduced.
- FIG. 1A is a diagram showing the orientation of crystal grains obtained by secondary recrystallization.
- FIG. 1B is a diagram showing crystal grains after planarization.
- FIG. 2A is a diagram showing a method for manufacturing a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2B is a diagram illustrating a modification of the embodiment.
- FIG. 3A is a diagram illustrating an example of a method of scanning a laser beam.
- FIG. 3B is a diagram illustrating another example of a method for scanning with a laser beam.
- FIG. 4A is a plan view showing a light spot.
- FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view showing a light spot.
- FIG. 5A is a plan view showing a crystal grain boundary generated in the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5B is a cross-sectional view showing a grain boundary generated in the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6A is a diagram showing a photograph of the surface of a silicon steel plate obtained when laser beam irradiation is performed.
- FIG. 6B is a diagram showing a photograph of the surface of a silicon steel plate obtained when laser beam irradiation is omitted.
- FIG. 7 is a view showing a photograph of a cross section of a silicon steel plate obtained when laser beam irradiation is performed.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the relationship between the crystal grain boundary and the angle deviation ⁇ .
- FIG. 9A is a diagram showing the relationship between the radius of curvature R, the inner diameter R1, and the outer diameter R2.
- FIG. It is a figure which shows the space
- FIG. It is a figure which shows the space
- FIG. It is a figure which shows the space
- FIG. 2A is a diagram showing a method for manufacturing a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- cold rolling is performed on the silicon steel sheet 1 containing, for example, 2% by mass to 4% by mass of Si.
- This silicon steel plate 1 can be produced, for example, through continuous casting of molten steel, hot rolling of a slab obtained by continuous casting, annealing of a hot rolled steel plate obtained by hot rolling, and the like.
- the annealing temperature is about 1100 ° C., for example.
- the thickness of the silicon steel sheet 1 after cold rolling is, for example, about 0.20 mm to 0.3 mm.
- the silicon steel sheet 1 is wound into a coil shape to form a cold rolled coil.
- the decarburization annealing furnace 3 is supplied and annealing is performed in the annealing furnace 3.
- the annealing temperature is, for example, 700 ° C. to 900 ° C.
- decarburization occurs, primary recrystallization occurs, and goth-oriented crystal grains are formed in which the easy magnetization axes are aligned in the rolling direction.
- the silicon steel sheet 1 discharged from the decarburization annealing furnace 3 is cooled using the cooling device 4.
- coating 5 to the surface of the silicon steel plate 1 of the annealing separation agent which has MgO as a main component is performed.
- the silicon steel plate 1 coated with the annealing separator is wound into a coil shape having a preset inner diameter R1 to form a steel plate coil 31.
- the surface of the silicon steel plate 1 is applied to the surface of the silicon steel plate 1 using the laser beam irradiation device 2.
- a laser beam is irradiated a plurality of times at a predetermined interval in the rolling direction from one end to the other end in the plate width direction.
- the laser beam irradiation device 2 is disposed downstream of the cooling device 4 in the sheet passing direction, and silicon is cooled between the cooling by the cooling device 4 and the application 5 of the annealing separator.
- the surface of the steel plate 1 may be irradiated with a laser beam.
- the laser beam irradiation device 2 may be arranged on both the upstream side in the plate passing direction with respect to the annealing furnace 3 and on the downstream side in the plate passing direction with respect to the cooling device 4, and both may irradiate the laser beam. . Further, a laser beam may be irradiated between the annealing furnace 3 and the cooling device 4, or irradiation may be performed in the annealing furnace 3 or the cooling device 4.
- the laser beam is irradiated by a laser beam 9 emitted from a light source (laser device) by a scanning device 10 that is substantially perpendicular to the rolling direction (L direction) of the silicon steel plate 1.
- the scanning is performed in the width direction (C direction) at a predetermined interval PL.
- the locus 23 of the laser beam 9 remains on the surface of the silicon steel plate 1 regardless of whether or not it is visible.
- the rolling direction substantially coincides with the sheet passing direction.
- the scanning of the laser beam over the entire width of the silicon steel plate 1 may be performed using one scanning device 10 or may be performed using a plurality of scanning devices 20 as shown in FIG. 3B.
- a plurality of scanning devices 20 are used, only one light source (laser device) of the laser beam 19 incident on each scanning device 20 may be provided, or one for each scanning device 20. May be.
- the laser beam emitted from the light source may be divided into the laser beam 19. If a plurality of scanning devices 20 are used, it is possible to divide the irradiation region into a plurality of parts in the plate width direction, so that it is possible to shorten the scanning and irradiation time for each laser beam. Therefore, it is particularly suitable for high-speed threading equipment.
- the laser beam 9 or 19 is condensed by a lens in the scanning device 10 or 20.
- the shape of the light spot 24 of the laser beam 9 or 19 on the surface of the silicon steel plate 1 is, for example, a diameter in the plate width direction (C direction) of Dc and a rolling direction (L direction). It is assumed that the diameter is a circle or ellipse with Dl.
- the scanning with the laser beam 9 or 19 is performed at a speed Vc using, for example, a polygon mirror in the scanning device 10 or 20.
- the plate width direction diameter (C direction diameter) Dc can be 5 mm
- the rolling direction diameter (L direction diameter) Dl can be 0.1 mm
- the scanning speed Vc can be about 1000 mm / s.
- the light source for example, a CO 2 laser can be used.
- a high output laser generally used for industrial use such as a YAG laser, a semiconductor laser, or a fiber laser can be used.
- the temperature of the silicon steel plate 1 when performing laser beam irradiation is not particularly limited, and for example, the silicon steel plate 1 at about room temperature can be irradiated with the laser beam.
- the scanning direction of the laser beam does not have to coincide with the plate width direction (C direction).
- the plate width direction (C The deviation from the direction is preferably within 45 °, more preferably within 20 °, and even more preferably within 10 °.
- the steel plate coil 31 is transported into the annealing furnace 6 and placed with the central axis of the steel plate coil 3 being substantially vertical. And the annealing (finish annealing) of the steel plate coil 31 is performed by batch processing.
- the maximum temperature reached in this annealing is, for example, about 1200 ° C., and the time is, for example, about 20 hours.
- secondary recrystallization occurs and a glass film is formed on the surface of the silicon steel plate 1.
- the steel sheet coil 31 is taken out from the annealing furnace 6.
- the steel coil 31 is supplied to the annealing furnace 7 and annealed in the annealing furnace 7. During this annealing, winding wrinkles and distortions that have occurred during finish annealing are removed, and the silicon steel sheet 1 becomes flat.
- a film formation 8 is performed on the surface of the silicon steel plate 1.
- the film for example, a film capable of securing insulation and applying a tension that reduces iron loss is formed.
- the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet 32 is manufactured through these series of processes. After the film formation 8, for example, the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet 32 is wound into a coil for convenience of storage and transportation.
- crystal grain boundary 41 is generated may be that internal stress and strain are introduced by rapid heating and cooling accompanying laser beam irradiation. Further, it is also conceivable that the crystal grain size obtained by the primary recrystallization is different from the surroundings with the irradiation of the laser beam, and the grain growth rate during the secondary recrystallization is different.
- FIG. 6A and FIG. 6B are photographs taken by removing the glass film from the surface of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet and exposing the ground iron, and then pickling the surface. In these photographs, crystal grains and crystal grain boundaries obtained by secondary recrystallization appear. Further, when manufacturing the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet that was the subject of photography, the inner diameter of the steel sheet coil was 300 mm and the outer diameter was 1000 mm. The laser beam irradiation interval PL was about 30 mm.
- FIG. 7 shows a cross section perpendicular to the plate width direction (C direction).
- the length of the crystal grains in the rolling direction (L direction) was about 30 mm corresponding to the irradiation interval PL at the maximum.
- no change in the shape of grooves or the like was observed in the portion irradiated with the laser beam, and the surface of the ground iron of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet was almost flat.
- the laser beam irradiation was performed before annealing using the annealing furnace 3, the same crystal grain boundaries were observed in both cases after the annealing.
- the inventors of the present application investigated in detail the angle deviation ⁇ of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet manufactured according to the above-described embodiment.
- crystal orientation angles of various crystal grains were measured by the X-ray Laue method.
- the spatial resolution of the X-ray Laue method that is, the size of the X-ray spot on the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet was about 1 mm.
- all the angle deviations ⁇ at the respective measurement positions were within the range of 0 ° to 6 ° in the crystal grains delimited by the crystal grain boundaries extending along the locus of the laser beam. This means that a very high crystal orientation was obtained.
- the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet manufactured by omitting the laser beam irradiation contained many crystal grains whose size in the rolling direction (L direction) was larger than that when the laser beam was irradiated. Then, when the angle deviation ⁇ was investigated for such large crystal grains by the X-ray Laue method, the angle deviation ⁇ exceeded 6 ° as a whole, and the maximum angle deviation ⁇ was obtained for many crystal grains. The value exceeded 10 °.
- Non-Patent Document 1 The relationship between the magnetic flux density B 8 and the angle deviation ⁇ is described in Non-Patent Document 1, for example.
- the inventors of the present invention experimentally obtained measurement data similar to the relationship described in Non-Patent Document 1, and from the measurement data, the magnetic flux densities B 8 (T) and ⁇ represented by Equation (1) by the least square method. (°) relationship was obtained.
- B 8 ⁇ 0.026 ⁇ ⁇ + 2.090
- the angle deviation at each position in the crystal grain 42 is defined as ⁇ based on the crystal orientation at one end of the two crystal grain boundaries 41 of the crystal grain 42. ′.
- the angle deviation ⁇ ′ is 0 ° at the end on the one side.
- the maximum angular deviation within the crystal grain 42 occurs.
- the radius of curvature R of each part of the silicon steel sheet in the steel sheet coil is the set value of the length in the rolling direction of the silicon steel sheet and the inner diameter of the steel sheet coil, even before the steel sheet coil is obtained. It can be easily calculated from information such as the position Ps with reference to the tip or tail end.
- the irradiation interval PL is not fixed, but is adjusted to a suitable one according to the curvature radius R.
- the inner diameter R1 when the silicon steel sheet 1 is wound around the application 5 of the annealing separator that is, the inner diameter R1 of the steel sheet coil 31 is set in advance.
- the outer diameter R2 and the number of turns N of the steel plate coil 31 are the size ⁇ of the gap existing between the silicon steel plates 1 in the steel plate coil 31, the thickness t of the silicon steel plate 1, the length L0 in the rolling direction of the silicon steel plate 1, And can be easily calculated from the inner diameter R1.
- the radius of curvature R in the steel sheet coil 31 can be calculated for each part of the silicon steel sheet 1 according to the distance L1 from the tip in the sheet passing direction.
- the gap size ⁇ a value obtained empirically, a value based on a winding method, or the like can be used, and 0 or a value other than 0 may be used.
- the radius of curvature R may be calculated by empirically or experimentally determining the outer diameter R2 and the number of turns N when the length L0, the coil inner diameter R1, and the thickness t are known.
- laser beam irradiation is performed as follows.
- the laser beam irradiation device 2 is installed on the upstream side and / or the downstream side of the annealing furnace 3.
- the passing speed and the passing distance (corresponding to the distance L1 from the front end in the passing direction) of the silicon steel plate 1 at the point where the laser beam is irradiated are measured by the line speed monitoring device and the irradiation position monitoring device.
- the irradiation interval PL on the surface of the silicon steel plate 1 satisfies the equation (4), preferably the equation (5), based on the plate passing speed of the silicon steel plate 1, the distance L1 from the tip, and the scanning speed Vc of the laser beam. Set to. Furthermore, the irradiation energy density and instantaneous power density of the laser beam are set. (D) Laser beam irradiation is performed.
- the irradiation interval PL can be adjusted according to the radius of curvature R. It should be noted that the irradiation interval PL may be fixed within a range in which Expression (4), preferably Expression (5) is satisfied. When the adjustment as described above is performed, the irradiation interval PL becomes wider as the outer periphery of the steel plate coil 31 is approached. Therefore, compared with the case where the irradiation interval PL is fixed, the laser irradiation average power can be reduced. It becomes possible.
- a steel material for directional electrical steel containing 2% by mass to 4% by mass of Si was hot-rolled to obtain a hot-rolled silicon steel plate (hot rolled steel plate).
- the silicon steel plate was then annealed at about 1100 ° C. Then, it cold-rolled, the thickness of the silicon steel plate was 0.23 nm, and this was wound up, and the cold-rolled coil was produced.
- a single plate sample having a dimension in the C direction of 100 mm and a dimension in the rolling direction (L direction) of 500 mm was cut out from the cold rolled coil.
- the surface of the single plate sample was irradiated with a laser beam while scanning in the plate width direction. Table 1 shows the conditions at this time.
- decarburization annealing was performed at 700 ° C. to 900 ° C. to cause primary recrystallization.
- the veneer sample was cooled to about room temperature, and then an annealing separator mainly composed of MgO was applied to the surface of the veneer sample.
- finish annealing was performed at about 1200 ° C. for about 20 hours to cause secondary recrystallization.
- the sample No. with an irradiation energy density Up of less than 0.5 J / mm 2 was used.
- the crystal grain boundary along the locus of the laser beam was not formed. This is probably because a sufficient amount of heat was not input, so that local variations in strain intensity and variations in the diameter of crystal grains obtained by primary recrystallization hardly occurred.
- Sample No. with an irradiation energy density Up of more than 20 J / mm 2 was used.
- crystal grain boundaries were formed along the locus of the laser beam, but there were deformations and / or melting marks associated with the irradiation of the laser beam on the surface of the single plate sample (ground iron). Such deformation and / or melting marks cause a decrease in space factor, stress and strain when the grain-oriented electrical steel sheets are laminated and used, and cause a decrease in magnetic properties.
- the irradiation energy density Up of the laser beam defined by the equation (6) preferably satisfies the equation (7).
- the instantaneous power density Ip of the laser defined by the equation (8) satisfies the equation (9). It is preferable.
- Ip 4 / ⁇ ⁇ P / (D1 ⁇ Dc) (8) Ip ⁇ 100 kW / mm 2 (9)
- Dc represents the diameter (mm) of the condensing spot of the laser beam in the plate width direction.
- the instantaneous power density Ip exceeds 100 kW / mm 2 , holes or grooves are easily formed on the surface of the silicon steel sheet. .
- a groove or the like is easily formed when the pulse laser is used. This is because when a pulse laser is used, a rapid temperature change is likely to occur in the region irradiated with the laser beam. Therefore, it is preferable to use a continuous wave laser.
- the secondary recrystallization is affected by the curvature.
- the crystal grains obtained by the above a portion where the easy axis of magnetization deviates from the rolling direction is generated.
- the degree of deviation becomes more prominent as the size of the crystal grains in the rolling direction is larger and the curvature radius is smaller.
- the angle deviation ⁇ which is one of the indexes indicating the degree of deviation, may reach 10 ° or more.
- laser beam irradiation can be performed at high speed, and a high energy density can be obtained by condensing in a minute space. Therefore, the time required for processing can be reduced compared with the case where laser beam irradiation is not performed. The impact is small. That is, it is not necessary to change the threading speed in the process of performing decarburization annealing while unwinding the cold-rolled coil, regardless of whether or not the laser beam is irradiated. Furthermore, since the temperature at which the laser beam is irradiated is not particularly limited, a heat insulation mechanism or the like of the laser irradiation apparatus is not necessary. Therefore, the configuration of the apparatus can be simplified as compared with the case where processing in a high temperature furnace is required.
- laser beam irradiation for the purpose of controlling the magnetic domain may be performed.
- an annealing separator was applied to these silicon steel sheets and finish annealing was performed under the same conditions.
- coil No. The laser beam irradiation interval PL in C1 to C3 will be described with reference to FIGS. 9A to 9D.
- a silicon steel sheet was wound into a coil shape to produce a steel sheet coil 51, and finish annealing was performed in this state.
- the inner diameter R1 of the steel plate coil 51 was set to 310 mm.
- the length L0 of the rolling direction of the silicon steel plate in the steel plate coil 51 was equivalent to the length of the rolling direction of the silicon steel plate in the cold rolled coil, and was about 12000 m. Therefore, the outer diameter R2 of the steel plate coil 51 can be calculated from these and was 1000 mm.
- the irradiation interval PL was set to 40 mm as shown in FIG. 9B. That is, laser beam irradiation was performed at equal intervals from a portion corresponding to the inner edge 52 of the steel plate coil 51 to a portion corresponding to the outer edge 53, leaving a locus 54 on the surface of the silicon steel plate 55.
- the value (40 mm) of the irradiation interval PL in this process is equivalent to the maximum value within the range satisfying the expression (4) in relation to the inner diameter R1 (310 mm) of the steel plate coil 51. Therefore, equation (4) is satisfied at any position on the silicon steel plate 55.
- the irradiation interval PL was changed according to the radius of curvature R in the steel sheet coil 51 as shown in FIG. 9C. That is, laser beam irradiation was performed while gradually increasing the irradiation interval PL from a portion corresponding to the inner edge 52 of the steel plate coil 51 to a portion corresponding to the outer edge 53, leaving a locus 54 on the surface of the silicon steel plate 55. .
- the irradiation interval PL was set to 150 mm as shown in FIG. 9D. That is, laser beam irradiation was performed at equal intervals from a portion corresponding to the inner edge 52 of the steel plate coil 51 to a portion corresponding to the outer edge 53, leaving a locus 54 on the surface of the silicon steel plate 55.
- the value (150 mm) of the irradiation interval PL in this process is larger than the maximum value (130 mm) within the range satisfying the expression (4) in relation to the outer diameter R2 (1000 mm) of the steel plate coil 51. Therefore, equation (4) is not satisfied at any position on the silicon steel plate 55.
- the coil No. satisfying the expression (4) is satisfied.
- the maximum value of the angle deviation ⁇ was less than 7.3 ° at any position. For this reason, the coil No. that has not been irradiated with the laser beam.
- the magnetic flux density B 8 is remarkably large, the iron loss W 17/50 is extremely low. That is, a magnetic flux density B 8 of 1.90 T or more and an iron loss W 17/50 of 0.77 W / kg or less were stably obtained.
- the coil No. In C2 since the irradiation interval PL was adjusted according to the radius of curvature R, more uniform magnetic characteristics were obtained.
- the coil No. in which the expression (4) is not satisfied In C3, the coil No. Compared to C4 (Comparative Example), large magnetic flux density B 8 is, although iron loss W 17/50 is low, the coil No. Compared to C1 and C2, the magnetic flux density B 8 is small, iron loss W 17/50 is high.
- the position resolution at the time of measurement by the X-ray Laue method was 1 mm, and this measurement was also 1 mm.
- an annealing separator was applied to these silicon steel sheets and finish annealing was performed under the same conditions. Furthermore, the silicon steel plate was flattened by performing annealing to remove the curl and distortion generated during the finish annealing. Furthermore, an insulating film was formed on the surface of the silicon steel plate. Thus, five types of grain-oriented electrical steel sheets were manufactured.
- the lower limit of the range of the irradiation interval PL is preferably 2 mm.
- the present invention can be used, for example, in the electrical steel sheet manufacturing industry and the electrical steel sheet utilizing industry.
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Abstract
Description
PL≦0.13×R
0.5J/mm2≦Up≦20J/mm2
Ip≦100kW/mm2
B8=-0.026×β+2.090 ・・・(1)
βm=(180/π)×(Lg/R) ・・・(2)
Lg≦0.13×R ・・・(3)
PL≦0.13×R ・・・(4)
PL≦0.094×R ・・・(5)
(a)レーザビーム照射装置2を焼鈍炉3の上流側及び/下流側に設置する。
(b)レーザビームを照射する地点における珪素鋼板1の通板速度及び通過距離(通板方向の先端からの距離L1に相当する)を、ライン速度監視装置及び照射位置監視装置で測定する。
(c)珪素鋼板1の通板速度、先端からの距離L1、レーザビームの走査速度Vcに基づき、珪素鋼板1の表面における照射間隔PLが式(4)、好ましくは式(5)を満たすように設定する。更に、レーザビームの照射エネルギー密度及び瞬時パワー密度等も設定する。
(d)レーザビームの照射を行う。
Up=4/π×P/(Dl×Vc) ・・・(6)
0.5J/mm2≦Up≦20J/mm2 ・・・(7)
ここで、Pはレーザビームの強度(W)を示し、Dlはレーザビームの集光スポットの圧延方向の径(mm)を示し、Vcはレーザビームの走査速度(mm/sec)を示す。
Ip=4/π×P/(Dl×Dc) ・・・(8)
Ip≦100kW/mm2 ・・・(9)
ここで、Dcはレーザビームの集光スポットの板幅方向の径(mm)を示す。
第1の実験では、3質量%のSiを含む方向性電磁鋼用の鋼材の熱間圧延を行い、熱間圧延が施された珪素鋼板(熱延鋼板)を得た。次いで、珪素鋼板を約1100℃で焼鈍した。その後、冷間圧延を行い、珪素鋼板の厚さを0.23nmとし、これを巻き取って冷延コイルを作製した。なお、冷延コイルは4個作製した。続いて、3個の冷延コイル(コイルNo.C1~C3)については、レーザビームの照射を行い、その後に、脱炭焼鈍を行って一次再結晶を生じさせた。残りの1個の冷延コイル(コイルNo.C4)については、レーザビームの照射を行わずに、その後に、脱炭焼鈍を行って一次再結晶を生じさせた。
第2の実験では、先ず、第1の実験と同様にして、冷延コイルを作製した。なお、冷延コイルは5個作製した。続いて、4個の冷延コイルについては、表3に示すように、照射間隔PLを相違させてレーザビームの照射を行い、その後に、脱炭焼鈍を行って一次再結晶を生じさせた。残りの1個の冷延コイルについては、レーザビームの照射を行わずに、その後に、脱炭焼鈍を行って一次再結晶を生じさせた。
Claims (11)
- Siを含む珪素鋼板の冷間圧延を行う工程と、
次に、前記珪素鋼板を脱炭焼鈍することにより、一次再結晶を生じさせる工程と、
次に、前記珪素鋼板を巻き取って、鋼板コイルを得る工程と、
次に、前記鋼板コイルをバッチ処理で焼鈍することにより、二次再結晶を生じさせる工程と、
次に、前記鋼板コイルを巻き解いて平坦化する工程と、
を有し、
前記冷間圧延を行う工程と前記鋼板コイルを得る工程との間に、前記珪素鋼板の表面に、前記珪素鋼板の板幅方向の一端から他端に向けてレーザビームを圧延方向に関して所定の間隔で複数回照射する工程を有し、
前記二次再結晶を生じさせる際に、前記レーザビームの軌跡に沿って前記珪素鋼板の表裏を貫通する結晶粒界を生じさせることを特徴とする方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法。 - 前記珪素鋼板の表面の前記レーザビームが照射された部分が平坦であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法。
- 前記所定の間隔は、前記珪素鋼板の前記鋼板コイルにおける曲率半径に基づいて設定されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法。
- 前記珪素鋼板内の任意の位置の前記鋼板コイルにおける曲率半径をR(mm)とし、当該位置における前記所定の間隔をPL(mm)としたとき、下記の関係が満たされることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法。
PL≦0.13×R - 前記所定の間隔は、一定であることを特徴とする請求項4に記載の方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法。
- 前記所定の間隔は、前記鋼板コイルの内面から外面に近づくほど広くなっていることを特徴とする請求項4に記載の方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法。
- 前記所定の間隔は、2mm以上であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法。
- 前記レーザビームの平均強度をP(W)とし、
前記レーザビームの集光スポットの圧延方向の集光径をDl(mm)、
前記レーザビームの板幅方向の走査速度をVc(mm/s)とし、
前記レーザビームの照射エネルギー密度をUp=4/π×P/(Dl×Vc)としたとき、下記の関係が満たされることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法。
0.5J/mm2≦Up≦20J/mm2 - 前記レーザビームの平均強度をP(W)とし、
前記レーザビームの集光スポットの圧延方向の集光径をDl(mm)、板幅方向の集光径をDc(mm)とし、
前記レーザビームの瞬時パワー密度をIp=4/π×P/(Dl×Dc)としたとき、下記の関係が満たされることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法。
Ip≦100kW/mm2 - 方向性電磁鋼板の板幅方向の一端から他端に向けて走査されたレーザビームの軌跡に沿って延び、前記方向性電磁鋼板の表裏を貫通する結晶粒界が存在し、
前記方向性電磁鋼板の圧延方向と各結晶粒の磁化容易軸方向(100)<001>とのなす角の板厚方向をβ(°)としたとき、前記結晶粒界から1mm離間した位置でのβの値が7.3°以下であることを特徴とする方向性電磁鋼板。 - 前記結晶粒界において地鉄の表面が平坦になっていることを特徴とする請求項10に記載の方向性電磁鋼板。
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP2599883A1 (en) | 2013-06-05 |
CN103052723A (zh) | 2013-04-17 |
US20130118654A1 (en) | 2013-05-16 |
US8790471B2 (en) | 2014-07-29 |
BR112013002087A2 (pt) | 2020-08-18 |
EP2599883B1 (en) | 2015-09-09 |
JP4782248B1 (ja) | 2011-09-28 |
JPWO2012014290A1 (ja) | 2013-09-09 |
US20140246125A1 (en) | 2014-09-04 |
RU2509814C1 (ru) | 2014-03-20 |
EP2599883A4 (en) | 2013-10-02 |
KR101296990B1 (ko) | 2013-08-14 |
KR20130019456A (ko) | 2013-02-26 |
CN103052723B (zh) | 2014-09-24 |
US9659693B2 (en) | 2017-05-23 |
BR112013002087B1 (pt) | 2021-03-23 |
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