WO2011155499A1 - 微細凹凸構造を表面に有する物品の製造方法、金型の離型処理方法、および金型表面離型処理用活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物 - Google Patents
微細凹凸構造を表面に有する物品の製造方法、金型の離型処理方法、および金型表面離型処理用活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011155499A1 WO2011155499A1 PCT/JP2011/063079 JP2011063079W WO2011155499A1 WO 2011155499 A1 WO2011155499 A1 WO 2011155499A1 JP 2011063079 W JP2011063079 W JP 2011063079W WO 2011155499 A1 WO2011155499 A1 WO 2011155499A1
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- mold
- active energy
- energy ray
- curable resin
- resin composition
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- 125000004079 stearyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003440 styrenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001059 synthetic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- CIHOLLKRGTVIJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert‐butyl hydroperoxide Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OO CIHOLLKRGTVIJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQTSOKXAWXRIAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrabutan-2-yl silicate Chemical compound CCC(C)O[Si](OC(C)CC)(OC(C)CC)OC(C)CC OQTSOKXAWXRIAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UQMOLLPKNHFRAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrabutyl silicate Chemical compound CCCCO[Si](OCCCC)(OCCCC)OCCCC UQMOLLPKNHFRAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZUEKXCXHTXJYAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrapropan-2-yl silicate Chemical compound CC(C)O[Si](OC(C)C)(OC(C)C)OC(C)C ZUEKXCXHTXJYAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZQZCOBSUOFHDEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrapropyl silicate Chemical compound CCCO[Si](OCCC)(OCCC)OCCC ZQZCOBSUOFHDEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012719 thermal polymerization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002725 thermoplastic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- KUAZQDVKQLNFPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiram Chemical compound CN(C)C(=S)SSC(=S)N(C)C KUAZQDVKQLNFPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002447 thiram Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- GYZQBXUDWTVJDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributoxy(methyl)silane Chemical compound CCCCO[Si](C)(OCCCC)OCCCC GYZQBXUDWTVJDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002889 tridecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- CPUDPFPXCZDNGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(methyl)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](C)(OCC)OCC CPUDPFPXCZDNGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JLGNHOJUQFHYEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCC(F)(F)F JLGNHOJUQFHYEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PHPGKIATZDCVHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(propoxy)silane Chemical compound CCCO[Si](C)(C)C PHPGKIATZDCVHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006097 ultraviolet radiation absorber Substances 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C33/56—Coatings, e.g. enameled or galvanised; Releasing, lubricating or separating agents
- B29C33/60—Releasing, lubricating or separating agents
- B29C33/62—Releasing, lubricating or separating agents based on polymers or oligomers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C59/00—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor
- B29C59/02—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor by mechanical means, e.g. pressing
- B29C59/04—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor by mechanical means, e.g. pressing using rollers or endless belts
- B29C59/046—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor by mechanical means, e.g. pressing using rollers or endless belts for layered or coated substantially flat surfaces
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C33/56—Coatings, e.g. enameled or galvanised; Releasing, lubricating or separating agents
- B29C33/58—Applying the releasing agents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C37/00—Component parts, details, accessories or auxiliary operations, not covered by group B29C33/00 or B29C35/00
- B29C37/0067—Using separating agents during or after moulding; Applying separating agents on preforms or articles, e.g. to prevent sticking to each other
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C41/00—Shaping by coating a mould, core or other substrate, i.e. by depositing material and stripping-off the shaped article; Apparatus therefor
- B29C41/34—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C41/42—Removing articles from moulds, cores or other substrates
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
- B29C43/22—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor of articles of indefinite length
- B29C43/222—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor of articles of indefinite length characterised by the shape of the surface
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
- B29C43/22—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor of articles of indefinite length
- B29C43/28—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor of articles of indefinite length incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. compression moulding around inserts or for coating articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C59/00—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor
- B29C59/02—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor by mechanical means, e.g. pressing
- B29C59/04—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor by mechanical means, e.g. pressing using rollers or endless belts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
- B32B38/06—Embossing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
- C08F2/46—Polymerisation initiated by wave energy or particle radiation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F283/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers provided for in subclass C08G
- C08F283/06—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers provided for in subclass C08G on to polyethers, polyoxymethylenes or polyacetals
- C08F283/065—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers provided for in subclass C08G on to polyethers, polyoxymethylenes or polyacetals on to unsaturated polyethers, polyoxymethylenes or polyacetals
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/027—Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing not provided for in group H01L21/18 or H01L21/34
- H01L21/0271—Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing not provided for in group H01L21/18 or H01L21/34 comprising organic layers
- H01L21/0273—Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing not provided for in group H01L21/18 or H01L21/34 comprising organic layers characterised by the treatment of photoresist layers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/02—Details
- H01L31/0216—Coatings
- H01L31/02161—Coatings for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier
- H01L31/02167—Coatings for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells
- H01L31/02168—Coatings for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells the coatings being antireflective or having enhancing optical properties for the solar cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/02—Details
- H01L31/0236—Special surface textures
- H01L31/02366—Special surface textures of the substrate or of a layer on the substrate, e.g. textured ITO/glass substrate or superstrate, textured polymer layer on glass substrate
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C59/00—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor
- B29C59/02—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor by mechanical means, e.g. pressing
- B29C59/022—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor by mechanical means, e.g. pressing characterised by the disposition or the configuration, e.g. dimensions, of the embossments or the shaping tools therefor
- B29C2059/023—Microembossing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing an article having a fine relief structure on the surface, a mold release treatment method, and an active energy ray-curable resin composition for mold surface release treatment.
- This application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2010-130366 filed in Japan on June 7, 2010 and Japanese Patent Application No. 2010-242375 filed on October 28, 2010 in Japan. , The contents of which are incorporated herein.
- the concavo-convex structure called the moth-eye structure in which substantially conical convex portions are arranged is an effective anti-reflection means by continuously increasing the refractive index from the refractive index of air to the refractive index of the material of the article. It is known that
- a mold having a fine concavo-convex structure formed on the surface (also referred to as a mold; hereinafter referred to as a mold) is used.
- a liquid active energy ray-curable resin composition is filled between a mold having a fine concavo-convex structure on the surface and a substrate and irradiated with active energy rays.
- a method of forming a cured resin layer in which a fine concavo-convex structure is transferred onto the surface of a base material is attracting attention.
- the quality of mold release from the surface of the article significantly affects the productivity of the article. That is, in the above method, when the mold is released from the surface of the cured resin layer, a resin residue may be generated on the surface of the mold, and a defect may be generated in the transferred fine uneven structure.
- the following method has been proposed as a method for improving the mold releasability between the mold and the cured resin layer.
- (1) A method of treating the surface of the mold on which the fine relief structure is formed with a release agent (external release agent) (Patent Documents 1 and 2).
- (2) A method of adding a release agent (internal release agent) to the material constituting the article.
- the method (1) has the following problems. (I) Since it is necessary to immerse the mold in a diluting solution of the mold releasing agent or to apply a diluting solution of the mold releasing agent to the mold and then to dry it, the mold releasing process is complicated and takes time. (Ii) It may cause processing unevenness such as drying unevenness of the release agent. (Iii) The mold release agent on the mold surface is likely to migrate to the surface of the article. (Iv) The mold release agent does not spread sufficiently to every corner of the fine concavo-convex structure of the mold, and it is difficult to uniformly and sufficiently treat the region of the fine concavo-convex structure of the mold with the mold release agent.
- the method (2) has the following problems.
- the following method is proposed as a method of removing the foreign material adhering to the area
- a method of pressing the surface of the mold on which the fine concavo-convex structure is formed against an adhesive member having higher adhesion to the mold than the base material (Patent Document 3).
- the adhesive member since an adhesive member having higher adhesion to the mold than the base material is used, the adhesive member may adhere to the mold (that is, a resin residue may be generated). Moreover, even if the surface of the mold is treated with a release agent (external release agent) in advance in order to suppress the adhesion of the adhesive member (resin residue) to the mold, The problem that it is difficult to process remains, and the release agent is peeled off from the mold by the adhesive member together with the foreign matter. As described above, in the method (3), even if the foreign matter can be removed, the transferred fine concavo-convex structure is defective due to adhesion of the adhesive member to the mold or peeling of the release agent from the mold. May occur.
- the present invention relates to an active energy ray-curable resin composition for mold surface release treatment that can impart excellent release properties to the surface of a mold having a fine concavo-convex structure on the surface in a simple and short time;
- a mold release treatment method capable of imparting excellent mold release properties to the surface of a mold having a structure on the surface easily and in a short time, and a fine uneven structure of the mold is accurately transferred and released.
- Provided is a method by which an article having a fine concavo-convex structure on the surface of which contamination by a mold agent is suppressed can be produced with high productivity.
- the present invention also provides a method for producing an article having a fine concavo-convex structure on the surface, which can suppress defects in the fine concavo-convex structure transferred from a mold.
- the present inventors compared the release agent before producing an article by transferring the fine concavo-convex structure of the mold to the surface of the substrate using a normal shaping active energy ray-curable resin composition.
- the active energy ray-curable resin composition for mold surface release treatment containing a large amount of the mold
- the fine concavo-convex structure of the mold to the surface of the base material to produce a dummy article. It has been found that releasability can be imparted to the surface.
- the indentation elastic modulus of the cured product of the active energy ray-curable resin composition for mold surface release treatment is too high, the fine uneven structure of the cured product becomes brittle and breaks at the time of mold release.
- the indentation elastic modulus of the cured product of the active energy ray-curable resin composition for mold surface release treatment is too low, the cured product is torn off during the mold release, and the mold surface In the production of an article by transferring the fine concavo-convex structure of the mold to the surface of the base material using a normal shaping active energy ray-curable resin composition, It was confirmed that transfer defects occurred due to the cured product of the active energy ray-curable resin composition for mold surface release treatment remaining on the surface. From this, it has been found that excellent release properties can be exhibited when the indentation elastic modulus of the cured product of the active energy ray-curable resin composition for mold surface release treatment and the amount of the release agent are optimal. The present invention has been completed.
- the first aspect of the present invention relates to a method for producing an article having a fine concavo-convex structure on the surface, which has the following steps (I) to (II).
- An active energy ray-curable resin composition for mold surface release treatment is supplied between a die having a fine concavo-convex structure on the surface and a substrate, and is cured by irradiation with active energy rays. Then, the step of releasing the surface of the mold by peeling the substrate together with the cured product of the active energy ray-curable resin composition from the surface of the mold.
- step (II) Following the step (I), the active energy ray-curable resin composition for shaping different from the active energy ray-curable resin composition for mold surface release treatment was subjected to a release treatment on the surface. After supplying between the mold and the base material and irradiating and curing the active energy ray on the base material, the base material is cured together with the cured product of the active energy ray curable resin composition from the surface of the mold.
- the second aspect of the present invention relates to a method for producing an article having a fine concavo-convex structure on its surface, further comprising a step of treating the mold with an external release agent before the step (I) of the first aspect. .
- the active energy ray-curable resin composition for mold surface release treatment comprises a polymerizable compound (A) and an active energy ray polymerization initiator (B ) And a release agent (C), and the indentation elastic modulus at 23 ° C. of the cured product obtained by curing the active energy ray-curable resin composition by irradiating the active energy ray with an integrated light amount of 1000 mJ / cm 2 ,
- the present invention relates to a method for producing an article having a fine concavo-convex structure on the surface, which is 5 to 1000 MPa.
- the active energy ray-curable resin composition for mold surface release treatment comprises a polymerizable compound (A) and an active energy ray polymerization initiator (B ) And a release agent (C), and the indentation elastic modulus at 23 ° C. of the cured product obtained by curing the active energy ray-curable resin composition by irradiating the active energy ray with an integrated light amount of 1000 mJ / cm 2 ,
- the present invention relates to a method for producing an article having a fine concavo-convex structure on the surface, which is 5 to 2000 MPa.
- the mold release agent (C) is a (poly) oxyalkylene alkyl phosphate compound, and the article has a fine concavo-convex structure on the surface. It relates to a manufacturing method.
- a sixth aspect of the present invention relates to a method for producing an article having a fine concavo-convex structure on the surface thereof, wherein, in the fourth aspect, the release agent (C) is a release agent different from the external release agent. .
- the seventh aspect of the present invention relates to a method for producing an article having a fine concavo-convex structure on the surface, in the second aspect, wherein the external mold release agent is a fluorine compound having a hydrolyzable silyl group.
- an active energy ray-curable resin composition for mold surface release treatment used in the third or fourth aspect of the present invention.
- the present invention relates to a mold processing method.
- the fine concavo-convex structure is formed by using a mold having a surface with a fine concavo-convex structure whose surface is subjected to a mold release treatment by the mold release treatment method according to the eighth aspect.
- the present invention relates to a method for producing an article having a fine concavo-convex structure on the surface, which obtains an article having a corresponding fine concavo-convex structure on the surface.
- the mold having the fine concavo-convex structure on the surface is a roll-shaped mold, and the roll-shaped mold is rotated.
- the active energy ray-curable resin composition is supplied between a belt-like base material that moves along the mold surface synchronously, and the die is irradiated with active energy rays and cured, and then the die It is related with the manufacturing method of the articles
- An eleventh aspect of the present invention is an active energy ray-curable resin composition for releasing the surface of a mold having a fine concavo-convex structure on the surface, the polymerizable compound (A), and an active energy ray A cured product containing a polymerization initiator (B) and a release agent (C) and cured with an active energy ray-curable resin composition by irradiation with an active energy ray having an integrated light quantity of 1000 mJ / cm 2 at 23 ° C.
- the present invention relates to an active energy ray-curable resin composition for mold surface release treatment, which has an indentation elastic modulus of 5 to 1000 MPa.
- the active energy ray-curable resin for mold surface release treatment according to the eleventh aspect, wherein the release agent (C) is a poly) oxyalkylene alkyl phosphate compound. Relates to the composition.
- the release agent (C) is preferably a (poly) oxyethylene alkyl phosphate compound.
- the mold is a roll-shaped mold
- the base is along the surface of the roll-shaped mold in synchronization with the rotation of the roll-shaped mold. It is preferable that the step (II) is continuously performed after the step (I) while moving the belt-like substrate along the surface of the roll-shaped mold. .
- the fine concavo-convex structure of the mold is accurately transferred by removing the adhered foreign matter, and the fine concavo-convex structure in which contamination by the release agent is suppressed.
- An article having a structure on the surface can be manufactured with high productivity.
- the method for producing an article having the fine concavo-convex structure on the surface of the present invention defects in the fine concavo-convex structure transferred from the mold can be suppressed.
- the mold release treatment method of the present invention excellent mold release properties can be imparted to the surface of a mold having a fine concavo-convex structure on the surface easily and in a short time.
- the active energy ray-curable resin composition for mold surface release treatment of the present invention excellent mold release properties can be imparted to the surface of a mold having a fine concavo-convex structure on the surface easily and in a short time.
- (meth) acrylate means acrylate or methacrylate.
- an active energy ray means visible light, an ultraviolet-ray, an electron beam, plasma, a heat ray (infrared rays etc.), etc.
- the fine concavo-convex structure means a structure in which an average interval between convex portions or concave portions is not more than a visible light wavelength, that is, 400 nm or less.
- the (poly) oxyalkylene alkyl phosphate compound means an oxyalkylene alkyl phosphate compound having one oxyalkylene group or a polyoxyalkylene alkyl phosphate compound having two or more oxyalkylene groups.
- the (poly) oxyethylene alkyl phosphate compound means an oxyethylene alkyl phosphate compound having one oxyethylene group or a polyoxyethylene alkyl phosphate compound having two or more oxyethylene groups.
- the method for producing an article having the fine concavo-convex structure on the surface of the present invention uses the mold having the fine concavo-convex structure on the surface, the surface of which is released by the mold release processing method of the present invention. This is a method for obtaining an article having a corresponding fine concavo-convex structure (inverted structure) on its surface.
- the following methods ( ⁇ ) to ( ⁇ ) can be mentioned, and the method ( ⁇ ) is preferable from the viewpoint of the transferability of the fine concavo-convex structure and the degree of freedom of the surface composition.
- the method ( ⁇ ) is particularly suitable when a roll-shaped or belt-shaped mold capable of continuous production is used, and is a method excellent in productivity.
- ( ⁇ ) A method of injection molding or press molding using a mold having a surface with a fine concavo-convex structure whose surface is subjected to a release treatment by the release treatment method of the present invention.
- the active energy ray-curable resin composition for shaping (hereinafter sometimes referred to as the active energy ray-curable resin composition (Y)) is subjected to a release treatment by the release treatment method of the present invention. Further, after sandwiching between a mold having a fine concavo-convex structure on the surface and a base material, and irradiating the active energy ray on this to be cured, the active energy ray curable resin composition (Y ) And a cured resin layer made of a cured product.
- Active energy ray-curable resin composition (Y) is pressed against a mold having a surface with a fine concavo-convex structure whose surface has been subjected to a mold release treatment method according to the present invention, and the mold has a fine concavo-convex structure. Is transferred to the active energy ray-curable resin composition (Y), and the active energy ray-curable resin composition (Y) is irradiated with active energy rays and cured.
- the mold has a fine concavo-convex structure on the surface.
- the shape of the mold include a flat plate shape, a roll shape, and a belt shape, and a roll shape or a belt shape is preferable from the viewpoint that a fine uneven structure can be continuously transferred and productivity can be further increased.
- the mold is manufactured by forming a fine concavo-convex structure on the surface of the mold base. Furthermore, the mold may be used as an original mold, a replica mold may be produced from the original mold by electroforming or the like, and this may be used as the mold. Examples of the material for the mold base include metals (including those having an oxide film formed on the surface), quartz, glass, resin, ceramics, and the like.
- Examples of the method for forming the fine concavo-convex structure include the following method ( ⁇ ) or method ( ⁇ ).
- the method ( ⁇ ) is preferable from the viewpoint that the area can be increased and the production is simple.
- ( ⁇ ) A method of forming a fine concavo-convex structure on the surface of a mold base material by a lithography method (electron beam lithography method, laser beam interference method photolithography method, etc.).
- ( ⁇ ) A method of forming anodized alumina having a plurality of pores (recesses) on the surface of an aluminum substrate.
- the mold may be used as a mold as it is, and after the mold base is selectively etched by dry etching through the photoresist film, the photoresist film is removed to form a fine uneven structure on the mold base. You may use what formed directly as a metal mold
- Method ( ⁇ ) As the method ( ⁇ ), a method having the following steps (a) to (f) is preferable.
- B A step of removing the oxide film and forming anodic oxidation pore generation points on the surface of the aluminum substrate.
- C A step of anodizing the aluminum substrate again in the electrolytic solution to form an oxide film having pores at the pore generation points.
- D A step of enlarging the diameter of the pores.
- E A step of anodizing again in the electrolytic solution after the step (d).
- F A step of repeating steps (d) and (e) to obtain a mold in which anodized alumina having a plurality of pores is formed on the surface of an aluminum substrate.
- the shape of the aluminum substrate include a roll shape, a circular tube shape, a flat plate shape, and a sheet shape.
- the aluminum base material is preferably polished by mechanical polishing, feather polishing, chemical polishing, electrolytic polishing treatment (etching treatment) or the like in order to smooth the surface state.
- etching treatment electrolytic polishing treatment
- the purity of aluminum is preferably 99% or more, more preferably 99.5% or more, and particularly preferably 99.8% or more.
- the purity of aluminum is low, when anodized, an uneven structure having a size to scatter visible light may be formed due to segregation of impurities, or the regularity of pores obtained by anodization may be lowered.
- the electrolytic solution include sulfuric acid, oxalic acid, and phosphoric acid.
- the concentration of oxalic acid is preferably 0.7 M or less. When the concentration of oxalic acid exceeds 0.7M, the current value becomes too high, and the surface of the oxide film may become rough. When the formation voltage is 30 to 60 V, anodized alumina having highly regular pores with an average interval of 100 nm can be obtained. Regardless of whether the formation voltage is higher or lower than this range, the regularity tends to decrease.
- the temperature of the electrolytic solution is preferably 60 ° C. or lower, and more preferably 45 ° C. or lower. When the temperature of the electrolytic solution exceeds 60 ° C., a so-called “burn” phenomenon occurs, and the pores may be broken, or the surface may melt and the regularity of the pores may be disturbed.
- the concentration of sulfuric acid is preferably 0.7M or less. If the concentration of sulfuric acid exceeds 0.7M, the current value may become too high to maintain a constant voltage. When the formation voltage is 25 to 30 V, anodized alumina having highly regular pores with an average interval of 63 nm can be obtained. The regularity tends to decrease whether the formation voltage is higher or lower than this range.
- the temperature of the electrolytic solution is preferably 30 ° C. or less, and more preferably 20 ° C. or less. When the temperature of the electrolytic solution exceeds 30 ° C., a so-called “burn” phenomenon occurs, and the pores may be broken or the surface may melt and the regularity of the pores may be disturbed.
- Examples of the method for removing the oxide film include a method in which aluminum is not dissolved but dissolved in a solution that selectively dissolves the oxide film and removed.
- Examples of such a solution include a chromic acid / phosphoric acid mixed solution.
- the pore diameter expansion treatment is a treatment for expanding the diameter of the pores obtained by anodic oxidation by immersing in a solution dissolving the oxide film. Examples of such a solution include a phosphoric acid aqueous solution of about 5% by mass. The longer the pore diameter expansion processing time, the larger the pore diameter.
- the total number of repetitions is preferably 3 times or more, and more preferably 5 times or more.
- the diameter of the pores decreases discontinuously, so that the effect of reducing the reflectance of the moth-eye structure formed using anodized alumina having such pores is insufficient.
- Examples of the shape of the pore 12 include a substantially conical shape, a pyramid shape, a cylindrical shape, and the like, and a cross-sectional area of the pore in a direction orthogonal to the depth direction such as a conical shape and a pyramid shape has a depth from the outermost surface.
- a shape that continuously decreases in the direction is preferred.
- the average interval between the pores 12 is not more than the wavelength of visible light, that is, not more than 400 nm.
- the average interval between the pores 12 is preferably 20 nm or more.
- the average interval between the pores 12 was measured by measuring the distance between adjacent pores 12 (distance from the center of the pore 12 to the center of the adjacent pore 12) by electron microscope observation, and these values were averaged. It is a thing.
- the aspect ratio (pore depth / average interval between pores) of the pores 12 is preferably 0.8 to 5.0, more preferably 1.2 to 4.0, and 1.5 to 3.0. Is particularly preferred.
- the depth of the pore 12 is a value obtained by measuring the distance between the bottom of the pore 12 and the top of the convex portion existing between the pores 12 when observed with an electron microscope at a magnification of 30000 times. It is.
- the method for producing an article having a fine concavo-convex structure on the surface thereof according to the present invention allows continuous mold release treatment and article production using the same apparatus only by switching the active energy ray-curable resin composition in-line. From the viewpoint of being able to be carried out, it is preferable that the method has the following steps (I) to (II).
- An active energy ray-curable resin composition (X) for mold surface release treatment is supplied between a mold having a fine concavo-convex structure on the surface and a substrate, and irradiated with active energy rays.
- the active energy ray-curable resin composition for shaping (Y), which is different from the active energy ray-curable resin composition for mold surface release treatment, is released on the surface.
- the active energy ray-curable resin composition (Y) is applied from the surface of the metal mold.
- the active energy ray-curable resin composition for shaping different from the active energy ray-curable resin composition for mold surface release treatment means that the mold surface release in the step (I)
- the active energy ray-curable resin composition used for the treatment is an active energy ray-curable resin composition in which at least one of the components and the composition ratio of the components is different, and the article having a fine uneven structure on the surface. It means the composition used for shaping.
- the active energy ray-curable resin composition (X) 38 is supplied from the tank 22 to the substrate.
- the film 42 and the active energy ray curable resin composition (X) 38 are nipped between the mold 20 and the nip roll 26 whose nip pressure is adjusted by the pneumatic cylinder 24, and the active energy ray curable resin composition ( X) 38 is uniformly distributed between the film 42 and the mold 20, and at the same time, the pores of the fine concavo-convex structure of the mold 20 are filled.
- An active energy ray curable resin composition (X) is irradiated with an active energy ray curable resin composition (X) 38 through a film 42 from an active energy ray irradiating device 28 installed below the mold 20. ) 38 is cured to form a cured resin layer 44 to which the fine relief structure on the surface of the mold 20 is transferred.
- the film 42 having the cured resin layer 44 formed on the surface from the mold 20 by the peeling roll 30 the surface of the mold 20 is released.
- an active energy ray-curable resin composition (Y) 39 is supplied from a tank 23 provided adjacent to the tank 22.
- the film 42 and the active energy ray curable resin composition (Y) 39 are nipped between the mold 20 and the nip roll 26 whose nip pressure is adjusted by the pneumatic cylinder 24, and the active energy ray curable resin composition ( Y) 39 is spread evenly between the film 42 and the mold 20, and at the same time, the pores of the fine concavo-convex structure of the mold 20 are filled.
- An active energy ray curable resin composition (Y) 39 is irradiated with an active energy ray curable resin composition (Y) 39 through a film 42 from an active energy ray irradiating device 28 installed below the mold 20. ) 39 is cured to form a cured resin layer 44 to which the fine uneven structure on the surface of the mold 20 is transferred.
- An article 40 as shown in FIG. 3 is obtained by peeling the film 42 having the cured resin layer 44 formed on the surface from the mold 20 by the peeling roll 30.
- the active energy ray irradiation device 28 is preferably a high-pressure mercury lamp, a metal halide lamp, a fusion lamp, or the like.
- the amount of light irradiation energy is preferably 100 to 10,000 mJ / cm 2 .
- ultraviolet rays are preferable.
- the lamp that irradiates ultraviolet rays include a chemical lamp, a high-pressure mercury lamp, a metal halide lamp, and an electrodeless UV lamp (manufactured by Fusion UV Systems). Moreover, you may use together hardening by a heat
- the integrated quantity of ultraviolet light is 100 ⁇ 10000mJ / cm 2, preferably 100 ⁇ 8000mJ / cm 2, more preferably 400 ⁇ 6000mJ / cm 2. If the integrated light quantity of ultraviolet rays is 100 mJ / cm 2 or more, the active energy ray-curable resin composition (Y) can be sufficiently cured. If the integrated light quantity of ultraviolet rays is 10,000 mJ / cm 2 or less, deterioration of the substrate can be suppressed. It is preferable to suppress the irradiation intensity of ultraviolet rays to an output that does not cause deterioration of the substrate.
- the same substrate as that used in the mold release treatment method may be used.
- the method for producing an article having a fine concavo-convex structure on the surface of the present invention may further include a step of treating the mold with an external release agent before the step (I).
- a fine concavo-convex structure is formed on the surface of the mold base by the above-described method to produce a mold.
- the surface of the mold where the fine concavo-convex structure is formed is treated with an external release agent.
- the external release agent those having a functional group capable of forming a chemical bond with the anodized alumina of the aluminum substrate are preferable.
- a mold having a fine concavo-convex structure on the surface is a treatment of the surface of the fine concavo-convex structure with a release agent. It may be described that “the surface of the mold” is treated.
- Examples of the external release agent include silicone resins, fluororesins, and fluorine compounds, and fluorine compounds having a hydrolyzable silyl group are particularly preferable.
- Commercially available fluorine compounds having hydrolyzable silyl groups include fluoroalkylsilane, KBM-7803 (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.), MRAF (Asahi Glass), OPTOOL HD1100, HD2100 series (manufactured by Harves), OPTOOL DSX, OPTOOL AES4, AES6 (made by Daikin Industries), Novec EGC-1720 (made by Sumitomo 3M), FS-2050 series (made by Fluoro Technology), etc. are mentioned.
- Examples of the treatment method using an external mold release agent include the following method (i-1) or method (i-2).
- the surface on the side where the fine concavo-convex structure of the mold is formed can be uniformly applied with the external mold release agent.
- the method (i-1) is particularly preferred because it can be treated.
- (I-1) A method of immersing the mold body in a dilute solution of an external mold release agent.
- I-2) A method in which an external mold release agent or a diluted solution thereof is applied to the surface of the mold where the fine concavo-convex structure is formed.
- a method having the following steps (g) to (l) is preferable.
- (G) A step of washing the mold with water.
- (H) After step (g), air is blown onto the mold to remove water droplets attached to the surface of the mold.
- (I) A step of immersing the mold in a diluted solution in which a fluorine compound having a hydrolyzable silyl group is diluted with a fluorine-based solvent.
- J A step of slowly lifting the immersed mold from the solution.
- K A step of heating and humidifying the mold after the step (j) as necessary.
- (L) A step of drying the mold body.
- chemicals used for forming the fine relief structure phosphoric acid aqueous solution used for the pore size enlargement process, stripping solution used for the lithography method, etc.
- impurities dust, etc.
- the fluorine-based solvent for dilution examples include hydrofluoropolyether, perfluorohexane, perfluoromethylcyclohexane, perfluoro-1,3-dimethylcyclohexane, dichloropentafluoropropane, and the like.
- the concentration of the fluorine compound having a hydrolyzable silyl group is preferably 0.01 to 0.5% by mass in the diluted solution (100% by mass).
- the immersion time is preferably 1 to 30 minutes.
- the immersion temperature is preferably 0 to 50 ° C.
- the pulling speed is preferably 1 to 10 mm / sec.
- the humidification method a saturated salt method using a saturated salt aqueous solution, a method of heating and humidifying water, a method of directly spraying heated steam on a mold, and the like are conceivable.
- This step may be performed in a constant temperature and humidity chamber.
- the heating temperature is preferably 30 to 150 ° C.
- the humidification condition is preferably a relative humidity of 60% or more.
- the standing time is preferably 10 minutes to 7 days.
- the drying temperature is preferably 30 to 150 ° C.
- the drying time is preferably 5 to 300 minutes.
- the water contact angle on the surface of the mold treated with an external release agent is preferably 60 ° or more, and more preferably 90 ° or more.
- the surface of the mold is sufficiently treated with an external release agent, and the release property is improved.
- the method for producing an article having a fine concavo-convex structure on the surface of the present invention further includes a step of treating the mold with an external release agent before the step (I), in the step (I), an internal separation is performed.
- An active energy ray-curable resin composition (X) for mold surface release treatment containing a mold agent (sometimes referred to as a first curable resin) is sandwiched between a mold and a substrate and cured. Then, a cured resin layer to which the fine uneven structure is transferred is formed on the surface of the base material. At this time, a part of the internal release agent is transferred to the surface of the mold.
- the foreign matter adhering to the region of the fine concavo-convex structure of the mold adheres to the first curable resin and is removed from the mold.
- the portion of the mold that is not sufficiently treated with the external release agent (including the portion where foreign matter has adhered) is covered with the internal release agent that has migrated from the first curable resin.
- the region of the fine concavo-convex structure of the mold can be treated uniformly and sufficiently with the release agent.
- the 1st curable resin contains the internal mold release agent, the resin residue to the surface of the metal mold
- Examples of the shape of the substrate include a film, a sheet, an injection molded product, and a press molded product.
- Examples of the material for the substrate include polycarbonate, polystyrene resin, polyester, acrylic resin, cellulose resin (such as triacetyl cellulose), polyolefin, and glass.
- 1st curable resin what added the internal mold release agent to the active energy ray curable resin composition mentioned later is mentioned. That is, as 1st curable resin, what contains a polymeric compound, a polymerization initiator, and an internal mold release agent is mentioned.
- the first curable resin an active energy ray curable resin composition capable of forming a hydrophilic material among the active energy ray curable resin compositions described later from the viewpoint that foreign matters on the surface of the mold are likely to adhere. It is preferable to use a product.
- the first curable resin those having a indentation elastic modulus at 23 ° C. of 5 to 2000 MPa of a cured product cured by irradiating an active energy ray with an integrated light quantity of 1000 mJ / cm 2 are preferable. If the indentation elastic modulus at 23 ° C. of the cured product is 5 MPa or more, the cured product is not torn at the time of mold release, and the cured product does not remain on the surface of the mold. Further, if the indentation elastic modulus at 23 ° C. of the cured product is 2000 MPa or less, the micro uneven structure of the cured product is suppressed from becoming brittle, and the cured product is broken when released from the mold coated with an external release agent.
- the indentation elastic modulus is 1000 MPa or more, the residue of the cured product on the surface of the mold can be more strictly suppressed.
- the indentation elastic modulus of the cured product is measured using an ultra-micro hardness test system (Fischer Corp., Fisherscope HM2000).
- the internal mold release agent may be selected from a group of compounds that move from the first curable resin to the surface of the mold and improve the mold releasability between the mold and the cured product of the curable resin.
- Internal release agents include fluorine-containing compounds, silicone compounds, phosphate ester compounds, compounds having long-chain alkyl groups, compounds having polyoxyalkylene groups, solid waxes (polyethylene wax, amide wax, polytetrafluoroethylene). Etc.).
- the mold release agent different from an external mold release agent is preferable from the point which makes mold release property favorable. It is preferable that a (poly) oxyalkylene alkyl phosphoric acid ester compound is included as an internal mold release agent from the viewpoint that the mold release property between the cured product of the first curable resin and the mold is good.
- the (poly) oxyalkylene alkyl phosphate compound is preferably a compound represented by the following formula (1) from the viewpoint of releasability.
- (HO) 3-n (O ) P [—O— (CH 2 CH 2 O) m —R 1 ] n (1)
- R 1 is an alkyl group, m is an integer of 1 to 20, and n is an integer of 1 to 3.
- R 1 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and more preferably an alkyl group having 3 to 18 carbon atoms.
- m is preferably an integer of 1 to 10.
- the (poly) oxyalkylene alkyl phosphate ester compound may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the amount of the (poly) oxyalkylene alkyl phosphate compound is preferably 0.01 to 1 part by weight, more preferably 0.05 to 0.5 part by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the polymerizable compound. More preferred is 05 to 0.1 parts by mass.
- the amount of the (poly) oxyalkylene alkyl phosphate ester compound is 1 part by mass or less, foreign substances on the surface of the mold can be sufficiently removed. Moreover, the fall of adhesiveness with a base material is suppressed, As a result, the resin residue to a metal mold
- the amount of the (poly) oxyalkylene alkyl phosphate compound is 0.01 parts by mass or more, a sufficient amount of the (poly) oxyalkylene alkyl phosphate compound can be transferred to the surface of the mold. In addition, the releasability from the mold is sufficient, and the resin residue on the mold is suppressed.
- the method for producing an article having a fine concavo-convex structure on the surface of the present invention further includes a step of treating the mold with an external release agent before the step (I), in the step (II), shaping An active energy ray-curable resin composition (Y) (second curable resin) for use is sandwiched between a mold and a base material and cured to transfer a cured resin layer onto which the fine concavo-convex structure has been transferred to the base material An article having a fine concavo-convex structure on the surface is obtained.
- Y active energy ray-curable resin composition
- Examples of the shape of the substrate include a film, a sheet, an injection molded product, and a press molded product.
- Examples of the material for the substrate include polycarbonate, polystyrene resin, polyester, acrylic resin, cellulose resin (such as triacetyl cellulose), polyolefin, and glass.
- Examples of the second curable resin include an active energy ray-curable resin composition described later. That is, examples of the second curable resin include those containing a polymerizable compound and a polymerization initiator. When the second curable resin contains an internal release agent, it is preferable that at least one of the type of release agent and the content of the release agent is different from that of the external release agent.
- a curable resin capable of forming a hydrophilic or hydrophobic material can be appropriately used for an article having a fine concavo-convex structure on the surface produced by curing the second curable resin, depending on the application.
- the mechanical strength of the cured product is insufficient, even a curable resin that causes the cured product to be broken when the mold and the cured product are released causes a resin residue as the second curable resin.
- a curable resin that causes the cured product to be broken when the mold and the cured product are released causes a resin residue as the second curable resin.
- the second curable resin a curable resin having an indentation elastic modulus at 23 ° C. of more than 2000 MPa of the cured product can be used.
- an active energy ray curable resin composition capable of forming a hydrophobic material among the active energy ray curable resin compositions to be described later from the point that the resin residue on the mold hardly occurs. It is more preferable to use a product.
- the polymerizable compound examples include polymerizable compounds described later.
- a polymerization initiator the polymerization initiator mentioned later is mentioned.
- the 2nd curable resin may contain the internal mold release agent as needed.
- the tank 23 and the supply line for supplying the second curable resin 39 in the step (II) and the tank 22 and the supply line for supplying the first curable resin 38 in the step (II) are the same tank and It may be a line, may be a separate tank and line, and is preferably a separate tank and line because it does not have to be washed when the resin is switched. Further, in the transition from the step (I) to the step (II), the rotation of the mold and the movement of the film may be temporarily stopped, or the rotation of the mold and the film for the purpose of improving productivity. It is also possible to shift without stopping the movement of.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of an article 40 having a fine concavo-convex structure on the surface.
- the article 40 obtained as described above has a cured resin layer 44 having a fine concavo-convex structure (inverted structure) in which a fine concavo-convex structure of a mold is transferred in a relationship between a key and a keyhole on the surface of a film 42 (base material). Is formed.
- the film 42 is a light transmissive film.
- the film material include polycarbonate, polystyrene resin, polyester, polyurethane, acrylic resin, polyether sulfone, polysulfone, polyether ketone, cellulose resin (such as triacetyl cellulose), polyolefin, and alicyclic polyolefin. It is done.
- the cured resin layer 44 is a film made of a cured product of the active energy ray-curable resin composition (Y) 39 and has a fine uneven structure on the surface.
- the fine concavo-convex structure on the surface of the article 40 when the anodized alumina mold is used is formed by transferring the fine concavo-convex structure on the surface of the anodized alumina, and the active energy ray-curable resin composition ( Y) It has a plurality of projections (convex portions) 46 made of a cured product of 39.
- a so-called moth-eye structure in which a plurality of substantially conical or pyramidal protrusions are arranged is preferable. It is known that the moth-eye structure in which the distance between the protrusions is less than or equal to the wavelength of visible light is an effective anti-reflection measure by continuously increasing the refractive index from the refractive index of air to the refractive index of the material. It has been.
- the average interval between the protrusions is not more than the wavelength of visible light, that is, not more than 400 nm.
- the average distance between the protrusions is about 100 to 200 nm, and is particularly preferably 250 nm or less.
- the average distance between the protrusions is preferably 20 nm or more from the viewpoint of easy formation of the protrusions.
- the average distance between protrusions is obtained by measuring the distance between adjacent protrusions (distance from the center of the protrusion to the center of the adjacent protrusion) at 10 or 50 points by electron microscope observation, and averaging these values.
- the height of the protrusion is preferably 80 to 500 nm, more preferably 120 to 400 nm, and particularly preferably 150 to 300 nm. If the height of the protrusion is 80 nm or more, the reflectance is sufficiently low and the wavelength dependence of the reflectance is small. When the height of the protrusion is 500 nm or less, the scratch resistance of the protrusion is good.
- the height of the projection is a value obtained by measuring the distance between the top of the projection and the bottom of the recess existing between the projections when observed with an electron microscope at a magnification of 30000.
- the aspect ratio of projections is preferably 0.8 to 5.0, more preferably 1.2 to 4.0, and particularly preferably 1.5 to 3.0.
- the aspect ratio of the protrusion is 1.0 or more, the reflectance is not sufficiently low and the wavelength dependence of the reflectance is small. If the aspect ratio of the protrusion is 5.0 or less, the scratch resistance of the protrusion is good.
- the height of the projection is a value obtained by measuring the distance between the top of the projection and the bottom of the recess existing between the projections when observed with an electron microscope at a magnification of 30000.
- the shape of the protrusion is such that the cross-sectional area of the protrusion in the direction perpendicular to the height direction increases continuously from the outermost surface in the depth direction, that is, the cross-sectional shape of the protrusion in the height direction is triangular, trapezoidal, bell-shaped, etc. The shape is preferred.
- the difference between the refractive index of the cured resin layer 44 and the refractive index of the film 42 is preferably 0.2 or less, more preferably 0.1 or less, and particularly preferably 0.05 or less.
- the refractive index difference is 0.2 or less, reflection at the interface between the cured resin layer 44 and the film 42 is suppressed.
- the water contact angle on the surface of the fine uneven structure is preferably 90 ° or more, more preferably 110 ° or more, and particularly preferably 120 ° or more. If the water contact angle is 90 ° or more, water stains are less likely to adhere, so that sufficient antifouling properties are exhibited. Moreover, since water does not adhere easily, anti-icing can be expected.
- the water contact angle on the surface of the fine uneven structure is preferably 25 ° or less, more preferably 23 ° or less, and particularly preferably 21 ° or less. If the water contact angle is 25 ° or less, the dirt attached to the surface is washed away with water, and oil dirt is less likely to adhere, so that sufficient antifouling properties are exhibited.
- the water contact angle is preferably 3 ° or more from the viewpoint of suppressing the deformation of the fine concavo-convex structure due to water absorption of the cured resin layer 44 and the accompanying increase in reflectance.
- Applications of the article 40 include antireflection articles, antifogging articles, antifouling articles, water repellent articles, and more specifically, antireflection for displays, automobile meter covers, automobile mirrors, automobile windows, organic or inorganic electro Examples thereof include a member for improving light extraction efficiency of luminescence, a solar cell member, and the like.
- an article having a fine concavo-convex structure on the surface is used as an antireflection film, for example, an image display device (liquid crystal display device, plasma display panel, electroluminescence display, cathode tube display device, etc.), lens, show window, glasses
- An article having a fine concavo-convex structure on the surface thereof is attached to the surface of an object such as a lens.
- an article having the fine concavo-convex structure on the surface is manufactured in advance using a substrate having a shape corresponding thereto, and this is applied to the object. What is necessary is just to affix on a predetermined part.
- the object is an image display device, not only the surface thereof, but also an article having a fine uneven structure on the surface may be attached to the front plate, or the front plate itself may have a fine uneven structure. You may comprise from the article which has on the surface.
- the article having a fine concavo-convex structure on its surface can be used for optical applications such as an optical waveguide, a relief hologram, a solar cell, a lens, a polarization separation element, and an organic electroluminescence light extraction rate improving member. It can also be applied to cell culture sheet applications. Further, an article having a fine concavo-convex structure on the surface exhibits a lotus effect, and therefore can be used as an antifogging article, an antifouling article, or a water repellent article.
- the method for producing an article having a fine concavo-convex structure on the surface of the present invention further includes a step of treating the mold with an external release agent before the step (I), a mold having a fine concavo-convex structure on the surface Are processed with an external mold release agent, and after the process, the first curable resin containing the internal mold release agent is sandwiched between the mold and the substrate, and the internal mold release is performed on the mold surface.
- Step (I) for transferring a part of the agent can be uniformly and sufficiently treated with the release agent over the entire region of the fine concavo-convex structure of the mold.
- the second curable resin is sandwiched between the mold and the substrate and cured to form a cured resin layer to which the fine concavo-convex structure is transferred on the surface of the substrate.
- the step (II) of obtaining an article having a fine concavo-convex structure on the surface defects in the fine concavo-convex structure transferred from the mold can be suppressed.
- a roll-shaped mold is used as a mold, and a strip-shaped base material that moves along the surface of the roll-shaped mold in synchronization with the rotation of the roll-shaped mold is used as a base material.
- the process (II) is followed by the process (II), thereby producing an article having a fine relief structure on the surface, which is precisely transferred from the fine relief structure of the mold. Can be manufactured with good performance.
- the active energy ray-curable resin composition for mold surface release treatment comprises a polymerizable compound ( A), an active energy ray polymerization initiator (B), and a release agent (C), and the active energy ray-curable resin composition is cured by irradiating with an active energy ray with an integrated light quantity of 1000 mJ / cm 2.
- the indentation elastic modulus of the cured product at 23 ° C. is preferably 5 to 1000 MPa.
- the active energy for mold surface release treatment includes a polymerizable compound (A), an active energy ray polymerization initiator (B), and a release agent (C), and is irradiated with an active energy ray with an integrated light amount of 1000 mJ / cm 2.
- the indentation elastic modulus at 23 ° C. of the cured product obtained by curing the active energy ray-curable resin composition is preferably 5 to 2000 MPa.
- Active energy ray-curable resin composition for mold surface release treatment Active energy ray-curable resin composition for mold surface release treatment
- the active energy ray-curable resin composition (X) has an indentation elastic modulus at 23 ° C. of 5 to 1000 MPa of a cured product cured by irradiating with an active energy ray with an integrated light amount of 1000 mJ / cm 2 . If the indentation elastic modulus at 23 ° C. of the cured product is 5 MPa or more, the cured product is not torn at the time of mold release, and the cured product does not remain on the surface of the mold. In addition, if the indentation elastic modulus at 23 ° C.
- the indentation elastic modulus is 5
- An active energy ray-curable resin composition of ⁇ 2000 MPa can be used.
- the indentation elastic modulus of the cured product is measured using an ultra-micro hardness test system (Fischer Corp., Fisherscope HM2000).
- the viscosity of the active energy ray-curable resin composition (X) with a rotary B-type viscometer at 25 ° C. is sufficient for the active energy ray-curable resin composition (X) to the details of the fine uneven structure of the mold. Is preferably 10 Pa ⁇ s or less, more preferably 5 Pa ⁇ s or less, and particularly preferably 2 Pa ⁇ s or less. Moreover, when supplying to the surface of a metal mold
- Polymerizable compound (A) examples include monomers, oligomers, and reactive polymers having a radical polymerizable bond and / or a cationic polymerizable bond in the molecule. From the viewpoint of good polymerizability, a (meth) acrylate-based polymerizable compound having an acryloyloxy group or a methacryloyloxy group is preferable.
- Examples of the monomer having a radical polymerizable bond include a monofunctional monomer and a polyfunctional monomer.
- Monofunctional monomers include methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, propyl (meth) acrylate, n-butyl (meth) acrylate, i-butyl (meth) acrylate, s-butyl (meth) acrylate, t- Alkyl (meth) acrylates such as butyl (meth) acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (meth) acrylate, lauryl (meth) acrylate, tridecyl (meth) acrylate, stearyl (meth) acrylate, cyclohexyl (meth) acrylate, benzyl (meth) acrylate , Phenoxyethyl (meth) acrylate, isobornyl (meth) acrylate, glycidyl (
- Polyfunctional monomers include ethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, tripropylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, isocyanuric acid ethylene oxide modified di (meth) acrylate, triethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, diethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate , Neopentyl glycol di (meth) acrylate, 1,6-hexanediol di (meth) acrylate, 1,5-pentanediol di (meth) acrylate, 1,3-butylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, polybutylene glycol di (Meth) acrylate, 2,2-bis (4- (meth) acryloxypolyethoxyphenyl) propane, 2,2-bis (4- (meth) acryloxyethoxyphenyl) propane, 2,2-bis (4- (3- (Meth) acryloxy-2-hydroxypropoxy) phenyl) propane, 1,2-bis (3- (meth) acryloxy-2-hydroxypropoxy
- Examples of the monomer having a cationic polymerizable bond include monomers having an epoxy group, an oxetanyl group, an oxazolyl group, a vinyloxy group, and the like, and a monomer having an epoxy group is particularly preferable.
- oligomer or reactive polymer examples include unsaturated polyesters such as a condensate of unsaturated dicarboxylic acid and polyhydric alcohol; polyester (meth) acrylate, polyether (meth) acrylate, polyol (meth) acrylate, epoxy (meth) Examples thereof include acrylates, urethane (meth) acrylates, cationic polymerization type epoxy compounds, homopolymers of the above-described monomers having a radical polymerizable bond in the side chain, and copolymerized polymers.
- unsaturated polyesters such as a condensate of unsaturated dicarboxylic acid and polyhydric alcohol
- the active energy ray polymerization initiator (B) is a compound that generates radicals or cations when irradiated with active energy rays. From the viewpoint of apparatus cost and productivity, a photopolymerization initiator using ultraviolet rays as an active energy ray is preferable.
- examples of the photopolymerization initiator include benzoin, benzoin methyl ether, benzoin ethyl ether, benzoin isopropyl ether, benzoin isobutyl ether, benzyl, benzophenone, p-methoxybenzophenone, 2,2-diethoxy.
- examples of the polymerization initiator include benzophenone, 4,4-bis (diethylamino) benzophenone, 2,4,6-trimethylbenzophenone, methyl orthobenzoylbenzoate, 4-phenylbenzophenone, t- Thioxanthones such as butylanthraquinone, 2-ethylanthraquinone, 2,4-diethylthioxanthone, isopropylthioxanthone, 2,4-dichlorothioxanthone; diethoxyacetophenone, 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenylpropan-1-one, benzyl Dimethyl ketal, 1-hydroxycyclohexyl-phenyl ketone, 2-methyl-2-morpholino (4-thiomethylphenyl) propan-1-one, 2-benzyl-2-dimethylamino-1- (4-morpho Benzophene ether such as benzoin methyl ether, benzo
- thermal polymerization initiator examples include persulfates such as potassium persulfate and ammonium persulfate; methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, benzoyl peroxide, dicumyl peroxide, t-butyl hydroperoxide, cumene Organic peroxides such as hydroperoxide, t-butylperoxyoctate, t-butylperoxybenzoate, lauroyl peroxide; azo compounds such as azobisisobutyronitrile; N, N And redox polymerization initiators combined with amines such as dimethylaniline and N, N-dimethyl-p-toluidine.
- persulfates such as potassium persulfate and ammonium persulfate
- methyl ethyl ketone peroxide benzoyl peroxide, dicumyl peroxide, t-butyl hydroperoxide, cumene Organic peroxides such as hydroperoxide
- the amount of the active energy ray polymerization initiator (B) is preferably 0.1 to 10 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the polymerizable compound (A). When the amount of the active energy ray polymerization initiator (B) is less than 0.1 parts by mass, the polymerization is difficult to proceed. When the amount of the active energy ray polymerization initiator (B) exceeds 10 parts by mass, the cured film may be colored or the mechanical strength may be lowered.
- release agent (C) examples include fluorine-containing compounds, silicone compounds, phosphate ester compounds, compounds having a long chain alkyl group, solid waxes (polyethylene wax, amide wax, polytetrafluoroethylene powder, etc.) and the like. Can be mentioned.
- the mold release agent (C) As the mold release agent (C), the release property between the cured product of the active energy ray-curable resin composition (X) and the mold is good, and the load at the time of mold release is extremely low.
- a (poly) oxyalkylene alkyl phosphoric acid ester compound is preferred from the viewpoint that the uneven structure is less damaged.
- the (poly) oxyalkylene alkyl phosphate compound is preferably a compound represented by the following formula (1) from the viewpoint of releasability.
- R 1 is an alkyl group, m is an integer of 1 to 20, and n is an integer of 1 to 3. R 1 is preferably an alkyl group having 3 to 18 carbon atoms. m is preferably an integer of 1 to 10.
- the (poly) oxyalkylene alkyl phosphate ester compound may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the amount of the release agent in the normal active energy ray-curable resin composition is about 0.1 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the polymerizable compound, but the amount of the release agent (C) in the present invention is about The amount is preferably 10 parts by mass or less, more preferably 0.05 to 5 parts by mass, and still more preferably 0.5 to 3 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the polymerizable compound (A).
- 0.3 mass part or more is preferable. If the quantity of a mold release agent (C) is 0.3 mass part or more, the mold release property excellent in the surface of a metal mold
- the amount of the release agent (C) is 10 parts by mass or less, the release agent adhering to the surface of the mold does not increase too much, and using a normal active energy ray-curable resin composition for shaping, There is no occurrence of unevenness or poor appearance on the surface of an article produced by transferring the fine concavo-convex structure of the mold onto the surface of the substrate.
- the active energy ray-curable resin composition (X) can be added to an antioxidant, an ultraviolet absorber, a light stabilizer, a leveling agent, a heat stabilizer, a plasticizer, an antistatic agent, a flame retardant, and a flame retardant as necessary.
- You may contain well-known additives, such as an agent, a polymerization inhibitor, a filler, a silane coupling agent, a coloring agent, a reinforcement
- the active energy ray-curable resin composition (Y) includes a polymerizable compound (A) and an active energy ray polymerization initiator (B) as essential components, and a release agent (C) as necessary.
- the thing containing another additive is mentioned.
- the active energy ray polymerization initiator (B) the same polymerization initiator as that used in the active energy ray curable resin composition (X) may be used.
- the amount of the active energy ray polymerization initiator (B) may be about the same as the amount in the active energy ray curable resin composition (X).
- the release agent (C) the same release agent as that used in the active energy ray-curable resin composition (X) may be used.
- the amount of the release agent (C) is usually about 0.1 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the polymerizable compound (A).
- Examples of the other additive include the same additives as those described above.
- the active energy ray-curable resin composition may be a non-reactive polymer, an active energy ray sol-gel reactive composition, an antistatic agent, an additive such as a fluorine compound for improving antifouling properties, or a fine particle, if necessary.
- a small amount of a solvent may be contained.
- non-reactive polymers examples include acrylic resins, styrene resins, polyurethanes, cellulose resins, polyvinyl butyral, polyesters, thermoplastic elastomers, and the like.
- active energy ray sol-gel reactive composition examples include alkoxysilane compounds and alkyl silicate compounds.
- alkoxysilane compound examples include tetramethoxysilane, tetra-i-propoxysilane, tetra-n-propoxysilane, tetra-n-butoxysilane, tetra-sec-butoxysilane, tetra-t-butoxysilane, methyltriethoxysilane, Examples include methyltripropoxysilane, methyltributoxysilane, dimethyldimethoxysilane, dimethyldiethoxysilane, trimethylethoxysilane, trimethylmethoxysilane, trimethylpropoxysilane, and trimethylbutoxysilane.
- alkyl silicate compound examples include methyl silicate, ethyl silicate, isopropyl silicate, n-propyl silicate, n-butyl silicate, n-pentyl silicate, acetyl silicate and the like.
- the active energy ray-curable resin composition capable of forming a hydrophobic material includes a fluorine-containing compound or a silicone-based compound. It is preferable to use a composition.
- Fluorine-containing compounds examples include a fluorine-containing monomer, a fluorine-containing silane coupling agent, a fluorine-containing surfactant, and a fluorine-containing polymer.
- fluorine-containing monomer examples include a fluoroalkyl group-substituted vinyl monomer and a fluoroalkyl group-substituted ring-opening polymerizable monomer.
- fluoroalkyl group-substituted vinyl monomer examples include fluoroalkyl group-substituted (meth) acrylates, fluoroalkyl group-substituted (meth) acrylamides, fluoroalkyl group-substituted vinyl ethers, and fluoroalkyl group-substituted styrenes.
- fluoroalkyl group-substituted ring-opening polymerizable monomer examples include fluoroalkyl group-substituted epoxy compounds, fluoroalkyl group-substituted oxetane compounds, and fluoroalkyl group-substituted oxazoline compounds.
- Fluorine-containing silane coupling agents include 3,3,3-trifluoropropyltrimethoxysilane, 3,3,3-trifluoropropyltriacetoxysilane, dimethyl-3,3,3-trifluoropropylmethoxysilane, Examples include decafluoro-1,1,2,2-tetrahydrooctyltriethoxysilane.
- fluorine-containing surfactant examples include a fluoroalkyl group-containing anionic surfactant and a fluoroalkyl group-containing cationic surfactant.
- Fluorine-containing polymers include polymers of fluoroalkyl group-containing monomers, copolymers of fluoroalkyl group-containing monomers and poly (oxyalkylene) group-containing monomers, and copolymers of fluoroalkyl group-containing monomers and crosslinking reactive group-containing monomers. A polymer etc. are mentioned.
- the fluorine-containing polymer may be a copolymer with another copolymerizable monomer.
- Silicone compounds examples include (meth) acrylic acid-modified silicone, silicone resin, silicone silane coupling agent and the like.
- examples of the (meth) acrylic acid-modified silicone include silicone (di) (meth) acrylate, and examples thereof include silicone diacrylates “x-22-164” and “x-22-1602” manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd. Preferably used.
- an active energy ray-curable resin composition capable of forming a hydrophilic material is a composition containing at least a hydrophilic monomer. It is preferable to use it. From the viewpoint of scratch resistance and imparting water resistance, those containing a cross-linkable polyfunctional monomer are more preferable. In addition, the same (namely, hydrophilic polyfunctional monomer) may be sufficient as the polyfunctional monomer which can be bridge
- the active energy ray-curable resin composition capable of forming a hydrophilic material includes a tetrafunctional or higher polyfunctional (meth) acrylate, a bifunctional or higher hydrophilic (meth) acrylate, and a monofunctional monomer as necessary. More preferably, the composition is used.
- tetrafunctional or higher polyfunctional (meth) acrylates examples include ditrimethylolpropane tetra (meth) acrylate, pentaerythritol tetra (meth) acrylate, pentaerythritol ethoxytetra (meth) acrylate, dipentaerythritol hydroxypenta (meth) acrylate, di Pentaerythritol hexa (meth) acrylate, succinic acid / trimethylolethane / acrylic acid molar mixture 1: 2: 4 condensation reaction mixture, urethane acrylates (manufactured by Daicel-Cytec: EBECRYL220, EBECRYL1290K, EBECRYL1290K, EBECRYL5129, EBECRYL8210, EBECRYL 8301, KRM 8200), polyether acrylates (manufactured by Daicel-Cytec:
- the ratio of the tetrafunctional or higher polyfunctional (meth) acrylate is preferably 10 to 50% by mass, more preferably 20 to 50% by mass, and particularly preferably 30 to 50% by mass from the viewpoint of water resistance and chemical resistance. If the ratio of the tetrafunctional or higher polyfunctional (meth) acrylate is 10% by mass or more, the elastic modulus is increased and the scratch resistance is improved. If the ratio of the tetrafunctional or higher polyfunctional (meth) acrylate is 50% by mass or less, small cracks are hardly formed on the surface, and the appearance is hardly deteriorated.
- Long-chain polyethylene such as Aronix M-240, Aronix M260 (manufactured by Toagosei Co., Ltd.), NK ester AT-20E, NK ester ATM-35E (manufactured by Shin-Nakamura Chemical Co., Ltd.)
- polyfunctional acrylates having glycol and polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate the total of the average repeating units of polyethylene glycol chains present in one molecule is preferably 6 to 40, more preferably 9 to 30, and particularly preferably 12 to 20.
- the average repeating unit of the polyethylene glycol chain is 6 or more, the hydrophilicity is sufficient and the antifouling property is improved.
- the average repeating unit of the polyethylene glycol chain is 40 or less, the compatibility with a polyfunctional (meth) acrylate having 4 or more functionalities is improved, and the active energy ray-curable resin composition is hardly separated.
- the ratio of the bifunctional or higher functional hydrophilic (meth) acrylate is preferably 30 to 80% by mass, and more preferably 40 to 70% by mass.
- the ratio of the bifunctional or higher hydrophilic (meth) acrylate is 30% by mass or more, the hydrophilicity is sufficient and the antifouling property is improved.
- the proportion of the bifunctional or higher hydrophilic (meth) acrylate is 80% by mass or less, the elastic modulus is increased and the scratch resistance is improved.
- hydrophilic monofunctional monomers examples include monofunctional (meth) acrylates having a polyethylene glycol chain in the ester group such as M-20G, M-90G, and M-230G (manufactured by Shin-Nakamura Chemical Co., Ltd.), hydroxyalkyl (meth) acrylates, etc. And cationic monomers such as monofunctional (meth) acrylates having a hydroxyl group in the ester group, monofunctional acrylamides, methacrylamidopropyltrimethylammonium methyl sulfate, and methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium methyl sulfate.
- a viscosity modifier such as acryloylmorpholine or vinylpyrrolidone
- an adhesion improver such as acryloyl isocyanate for improving the adhesion to the article body, or the like may be used.
- the proportion of the monofunctional monomer is preferably 0 to 20% by mass, and more preferably 5 to 15% by mass.
- the proportion of the monofunctional monomer is 20% by mass or less, antifouling property or scratch resistance is sufficient without a shortage of tetrafunctional or higher polyfunctional (meth) acrylate or bifunctional or higher hydrophilic (meth) acrylate.
- the monofunctional monomer may be blended in an active energy ray-curable resin composition in an amount of 0 to 35 parts by mass as a low-polymerization polymer obtained by (co) polymerizing one or more types.
- a polymer having a low degree of polymerization 40/60 of monofunctional (meth) acrylates having a polyethylene glycol chain in an ester group such as M-230G (manufactured by Shin-Nakamura Chemical Co., Ltd.) and methacrylamide propyltrimethylammonium methyl sulfate.
- Copolymer oligomer (MRC Unitech Co., Ltd., MG polymer) and the like can be mentioned.
- the cured product obtained by curing the active energy ray-curable resin composition by irradiating the active energy ray with an integrated light amount of 1000 mJ / cm 2 is 23 ° C. Since the indentation elastic modulus is 5 to 1000 MPa, the article further includes a step of treating the mold with an external release agent before the step (I). In the active energy ray-curable resin composition (X) used in the above production method, the indentation elastic modulus is 5 to 2000 MPa, so that the mold surface having a fine concavo-convex structure is excellent on the surface. The moldability can be imparted easily and in a short time without unevenness.
- the active energy ray-curable resin composition (X) is supplied to the surface of the mold having the fine concavo-convex structure on the surface side having the fine concavo-convex structure.
- the cured product of the active energy ray-curable resin composition (X) is peeled off from the surface of the mold after the active energy ray is irradiated and cured.
- the active energy ray-curable resin composition (X) is cured in a state of being sandwiched between the mold and the substrate to form a cured resin layer to which the fine uneven structure is transferred on the surface of the substrate. It is preferable.
- the mold release treatment By performing the mold release treatment by the above method, the foreign matter adhering to the fine uneven structure of the mold adheres to the active energy ray-curable resin composition (X) and is removed from the mold. At the same time, since the surface of the mold is coated with the release agent (C) transferred from the active energy ray-curable resin composition (X), the mold surface can be completely and evenly released. Can be processed.
- the active energy ray curable resin composition (X) has a specific indentation elastic modulus and contains a specific amount of the release agent (C). The cured product of the product (X) hardly remains on the surface of the mold.
- Base material Base materials include methyl methacrylate (co) polymer, polycarbonate, styrene (co) polymer, methyl methacrylate-styrene copolymer, semi-synthetic polymer (cellulose diacetate, cellulose triacetate, cellulose acetate butyrate, etc.) , Polyester (polyethylene terephthalate, etc.), polyamide, polyimide, polyether sulfone, polysulfone, polyethylene, polypropylene, polymethylpentene, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl acetal, polyether ketone, polyurethane, glass and the like.
- Examples of the shape of the substrate include films, sheets, injection molded products, press molded products, extruded molded products, cast molded products, and the like.
- the surface of the substrate may be subjected to coating, corona treatment, etc. for the purpose of improving properties such as adhesion, antistatic properties, scratch resistance, and weather resistance.
- the active energy ray-curable resin composition (X) is supplied to the surface of the mold having the fine concavo-convex structure on the surface, and the active energy is supplied thereto. Since the cured product of the active energy ray-curable resin composition (X) is peeled off from the surface of the mold after being irradiated and cured, the surface of the mold having a fine concavo-convex structure is excellent. Releasability can be easily imparted without unevenness in a short time.
- Example 1 (Batch molding method) (Preparation of active energy ray-curable resin composition for mold surface release treatment) 50 parts by mass of bifunctional urethane acrylate (Aronix M1200, manufactured by Toagosei Co., Ltd.) 50 parts by mass of polyethylene glycol diacrylate (Aronix M260, manufactured by Toagosei Co., Ltd.) 3.0 parts by weight of 1-hydroxy-cyclohexyl-phenyl-ketone (manufactured by Ciba Specialty Chemicals, IRGACURE® 184), An active energy ray-curable resin composition (X) consisting of 5.0 parts by mass of a (poly) oxyethylene alkyl phosphate ester compound (manufactured by Accel Corp., Mold with INT-1856) was prepared.
- Aronix M1200 manufactured by Toagosei Co., Ltd.
- polyethylene glycol diacrylate Aronix M260, manufactured by Toagosei Co., Ltd.
- the active energy ray curable resin composition (X) is dropped on the surface of the mold, and the entire surface of the die is covered with the active energy ray curable resin composition (X) in the same manner as described above. And cured by irradiation with ultraviolet rays. The film and the mold were peeled off, and the release agent was transferred to the entire surface of the mold (dummy shaping 3). As described above, the mold was subjected to release treatment.
- the active energy ray-curable resin composition (Y) was cured by irradiating ultraviolet rays with an energy of 1000 mJ / cm 2 using a UV lamp (manufactured by Fusion UV Systems, Light Hammer 6). The film and the mold were peeled off to obtain an article having a fine uneven structure on the surface (regular shaping). The same operation was repeated 3 times in total, and an article having a fine concavo-convex structure on the surface obtained in the third time was evaluated.
- Example 4 Continuous molding method A rolled aluminum substrate (purity: 99.99%) was prepared.
- Steps (I) and (II) were performed using the apparatus shown in FIG.
- the roll mold 20 the roll mold a was used.
- the active energy ray curable resin composition (X) was used as the first curable resin 38
- the active energy ray curable resin composition (Y) was used as the second curable resin 39.
- As the film 42 a polyester film (manufactured by Mitsubishi Plastics, W32A, thickness: 88 ⁇ m, width: 300 mm) was used.
- the first film 22 is placed between the roll-shaped mold 20 and the film 42 from the first tank 22.
- a curable resin 38 was supplied.
- the cured resin layer 44 is formed on the surface of the film 42 by irradiating the first curable resin 38 with ultraviolet rays having an integrated light amount of 1100 mJ / cm 2 from the film 42 side to cure the first curable resin 38. did.
- the supply of the first curable resin 38 from the tank 22 is stopped, and subsequently, the tank 23 is placed between the roll-shaped mold 20 and the film 42. Supplied the second curable resin 39.
- the cured resin layer 44 is formed on the surface of the film 42 by irradiating the second curable resin 39 with ultraviolet rays having an integrated light amount of 1100 mJ / cm 2 from the film 42 side to cure the second curable resin 39. did.
- the indentation elastic modulus of the first curable resin A was 34 MPa.
- Examples 2 to 3, and 5 to 19 Except for changing to the active energy ray-curable resin composition (X) having the composition shown in Tables 1 to 3 and changing the shaping method to the method shown in the table, the same as in Example 1 or Example 4. Thus, an article having a fine uneven structure on the surface was obtained.
- Examples 20 to 23 Change to the active energy ray-curable resin composition (X) having the composition shown in Table 2 and Table 3, and change the shaping method to the method shown in the table, respectively, and perform mold release treatment with an external release agent Except for the above, an article having a fine concavo-convex structure on its surface was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1.
- (Release processing of plate mold with external release agent) Prepare a release agent solution by diluting the surface antifouling coating agent (Daikin Kogyo Co., Ltd., OPTOOL DSX) with a diluent (Harves Co., HD-ZV) so that the solid content concentration is 0.1% by mass. did.
- a mold obtained in the same manner as in Production Example 1 was immersed in a release agent solution for 10 minutes and air-dried for 20 hours to perform a release treatment.
- (First curable resin A) 82 parts by mass of a condensation reaction mixture of succinic acid / trimethylolethane / acrylic acid (manufactured by Osaka Organic Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., TAS), 6 parts by mass of polyethylene glycol diacrylate (Aronix M260, manufactured by Toagosei Co., Ltd.) 4 parts by weight of 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, 8 parts by weight of methyl acrylate, 0.3 parts by mass of (poly) oxyalkylene alkyl phosphate ester compound (manufactured by Accel Corp., INT-1856), 1 part by weight of 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone (manufactured by Ciba Specialty Chemicals, Irgacure 184), 0.1 parts by mass of bis (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) -phenylphosphine oxide (Irgacure 819, manufactured by Ciba Specialty Chemicals).
- (Second curable resin B) 45 parts by mass of a condensation reaction mixture of succinic acid / trimethylolethane / acrylic acid (manufactured by Osaka Organic Chemical Industry, TAS), 45 parts by mass of 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate (Osaka Organic Chemical Co., Ltd., C6DA) 10 parts by mass of radical polymerizable silicone oil (X-22-1602, manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) 3.0 parts by mass of 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone (Ciba Specialty Chemicals, Irgacure 184), 0.2 parts by mass of bis (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) -phenylphosphine oxide (Ciba Specialty Chemicals, Irgacure 819).
- Example 24 A rolled aluminum substrate (purity: 99.99%) was prepared.
- the active energy ray-curable resin composition (X) having the composition shown in Table 3 was changed, and steps (a) to (e) were performed in the same manner as in Example 4, and then steps (i) and (j) were performed. It was. Subsequently, the same steps as in Example 4 were performed except that the first curable resin A was used as the first curable resin 38 and the second curable resin B was used as the second curable resin 39. (I) and (II) were performed.
- the supply of the second curable resin 39 from the tank 23 was stopped, and then the movement of the film 42 was stopped.
- the surface of the cured resin layer 44 was visually observed, there were 0 to 2 defects per 1 m of film (corresponding to 0 to 2 per 0.1 m 2 ).
- the indentation elastic modulus of the first curable resin A was 1820 MPa
- the indentation elastic modulus of the second curable resin B was 2050 MPa.
- Example 25 The same method as in Example 24, except that TDP-2 (manufactured by Nikko Chemical Co.) was used as the (poly) oxyalkylene alkyl phosphate ester compound (internal mold release agent) contained in the first curable resin A. Each step was performed. Step (II) was visually observed the surface of the cured resin layer 44 after implementation, mold sticking, resin residue, defects due to foreign matter such as 0-2 per film 1 m (2 per 0-2 0.1m Equivalent). Further, the indentation elastic modulus of the first curable resin A at this time was 1820 MPa.
- TDP-2 manufactured by Nikko Chemical Co.
- Example 26 Each process was implemented by the same method as Example 24 except having changed the 1st curable resin A into the thing of the following composition.
- the indentation elastic modulus of the first curable resin A at this time was 1450 MPa.
- Step (II) was performed using the apparatus shown in FIG.
- the roll mold 20 the roll mold a was used.
- the second curable resin 39 the second curable resin B was used.
- Table 3 shows the composition and indentation elastic modulus of the second curable resin B.
- the film 42 a polyester film (manufactured by Mitsubishi Plastics, W32A, thickness: 88 ⁇ m, width: 300 mm) was used.
- the second film is removed from the tank 23 between the roll-shaped mold 20 and the film 42.
- a curable resin 39 was supplied.
- the cured resin layer 44 is formed on the surface of the film 42 by irradiating the second curable resin 39 with ultraviolet rays having an integrated light amount of 1100 mJ / cm 2 from the film 42 side to cure the second curable resin 39. did.
- the supply of the second curable resin 39 from the tank 23 was stopped, and then the movement of the film 42 was stopped.
- minute defects fish eyes generated due to defective release were confirmed over the entire length, and the number thereof was 20 or more per meter (15 or more per 0.1 m 2 ). Equivalent).
- an active energy ray-curable resin composition (Y) was used in the same manner as in “Production of article” in Example 1 to obtain an article having a fine concavo-convex structure on the surface. Moreover, the indentation elastic modulus of this active energy ray-curable resin composition (Y) was 1948 MPa. Table 3 shows the composition and indentation elastic modulus of the active energy ray-curable resin composition (Y).
- Example 4 Manufacture of goods
- the active energy ray-curable resin composition (Y) was used in the same manner as in “Manufacture of articles” in Example 1, except that the mold was not released from the active energy ray-curable resin composition. An article having an uneven structure on the surface was obtained.
- Table 3 shows the composition and indentation elastic modulus of the active energy ray-curable resin composition (Y).
- Indentation elastic modulus For the measurement of the indentation elastic modulus, an ultra-micro hardness test system (Fischer Corp., Fisherscope HM2000) was used. A Vickers square pyramid (material: diamond) was used as the indenter. A 10 mm ⁇ 10 mm sample was cut out from the article, placed on a slide glass with the cured resin layer side as an upper surface, and the indentation elastic modulus was measured when the sample was pushed in perpendicular to the sample. Specifically, it measured in the following procedure in a 23 degreeC thermostat. (1-1) The load was applied until the load reached 10 mN at a load speed of 0.5 mN / sec. (1-2) Hold for 15 seconds with maximum load applied.
- Reflection characteristics The relative reflectance between wavelengths of 380 nm and 780 nm was measured using a spectrophotometer (manufactured by Hitachi, Ltd., U-4100) under the condition of an incident angle of 5 °. The reflectance at 550 nm was evaluated according to the following criteria. ⁇ : Reflectance at 550 nm is 0.5% or less. X: Reflectance at 550 nm is 0.5% or more.
- ATM-4E ethoxylated pentaerythritol tetraacrylate (manufactured by Shin-Nakamura Chemical Co., Ltd., NK ester ATM-4E)
- ATM-35E ethoxylated pentaerythritol tetraacrylate (manufactured by Shin-Nakamura Chemical Co., Ltd., NK ester ATM-35E)
- TAS condensation reaction product of trimethylolethane / acrylic acid / succinic anhydride (manufactured by Osaka Organic Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., TAS)
- U-2PPA Urethane acrylate (manufactured by Shin-Nakamura Chemical Co., Ltd., NK Oligo U-2PPA)
- R-1150D Urethane acrylate (Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd., New Frontier R-1150D)
- A-BPE-10 Ethoxylated pentaery
- 184 1-hydroxy-cyclohexyl-phenyl-ketone (manufactured by Ciba Specialty Chemicals, IRGACURE® 184), Irg. 819: bis (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) -phenylphosphine oxide (manufactured by Ciba Specialty Chemicals, IRGCURE® 819), INT1856: (Poly) oxyethylene alkyl phosphate ester compound (manufactured by Axel, Mold with INT-1856), JP506H: (poly) oxyethylene alkyl phosphate ester compound (Johoku Chemical Co., Ltd., JP-506H), DSX: Surface antifouling coating agent (Daikin Industries, Optool DSX) A4300: Polyethylene terephthalate film (manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd., Cosmo Shine A-4300, thickness 188 ⁇ m).
- Example 19 to 23 the surface characteristics after the third transfer were not satisfied, but the transfer times shown in Table 2 and Table 3 were satisfied. As for appearance evaluation, both rank A or B were good. In Examples 20 to 23, by using the external mold release agent treatment on the mold together, the appearance evaluation was generally improved as compared with the case where the external mold release treatment was not performed in Examples 16 to 19. In Comparative Examples 1 to 4, since the active energy ray-curable resin composition for mold surface release treatment and the active energy ray-curable resin composition for shaping have the same composition, dummy shaping is substantially performed. No good appearance article (regularly shaped product) was obtained.
- Comparative Examples 1 and 3 since the external release agent treatment was performed, the appearance of the appearance defect occurred frequently although the release of the cured resin from the mold could be performed relatively smoothly.
- Comparative Example 2 the surface characteristics of the third shaping were inferior, and the appearance level was large with many defects. By repeating the transfer 140 times or more, the external release agent on the surface of the article dropped off and the surface characteristics were recovered, but the appearance was not improved.
- Comparative Example 4 since the indentation elastic modulus at 23 ° C.
- the cured product of the active energy ray-curable resin composition (X) is more than 1000 MPa and the amount of the release agent is too small, the external release of the mold Although most of the base material and the cured resin could be released from the mold even though the agent treatment was not carried out, the residual in the fine irregularities of the mold occurred frequently during the dummy shaping. An article worthy of evaluation in shaping could not be obtained.
- the method for producing an article having a fine concavo-convex structure on the surface according to the present invention is useful for efficient mass production of antireflection articles, antifogging articles, antifouling articles, water repellent articles, cell culture sheets and the like.
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Abstract
Description
本願は、2010年6月7日に、日本に出願された特願2010-130366号、および2010年10月28日に、日本に出願された特願2010-242375号に基づき優先権を主張し、その内容をここに援用する。
(1)金型の微細凹凸構造が形成された側の表面を離型剤(外部離型剤)によって処理する方法(特許文献1および2)。
(2)物品を構成する材料に離型剤(内部離型剤)を添加する方法。
(i)金型を離型剤の希釈溶液に浸漬する、または金型に離型剤の希釈溶液を塗布した後、乾燥させる必要があるため、離型処理が煩雑で、かつ時間がかかる。
(ii)離型剤の乾燥ムラ等の処理ムラを引き起こすことがある。
(iii)金型の表面の離型剤が物品の表面に移行しやすい。
(iv)金型の微細凹凸構造の隅々まで離型剤が十分に行き渡らず、金型の微細凹凸構造の領域を、均一にかつ十分に離型剤で処理することが困難である。また、異物が金型の微細凹凸構造の領域に付着していると、異物が付着した部分を離型剤で処理することが困難である。そのため、金型の表面の離型剤処理が不十分な箇所で、転写された微細凹凸構造に欠陥が発生する場合がある。また、金型の表面の離型剤処理が不十分な箇所では、硬化樹脂が引きちぎられて固着して残存し、金型の微細凹凸構造自体にも欠陥部位が生じるため、連続的に同じ金型を用いた場合には、繰り返し欠陥が発生する場合がある。
(v)物品の表面における離型剤による汚染が問題にならない程度の離型剤の添加量では、離型性が不十分となる場合がある。
(vi)一方、離型剤を過剰に添加した場合、物品の表面が離型剤で汚染されて物品の外観不良が発生する。
(3)金型の微細凹凸構造が形成された側の表面を、基材よりも金型に対して密着性が高い密着性部材に押し付ける方法(特許文献3)。
(I)金型表面離型処理用活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物を、微細凹凸構造を表面に有する金型と、基材との間に供給し、これに活性エネルギー線を照射して硬化させた後、前記金型の表面から前記活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物の硬化物とともに基材を剥離することによって、金型の表面を離型処理する工程。
(II)前記工程(I)に引き続き、前記金型表面離型処理用活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物とは異なる賦形用活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物を、表面が離型処理された前記金型と、基材との間に供給し、これに活性エネルギー線を照射して硬化させた後、前記金型の表面から前記活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物の硬化物とともに基材を剥離することによって、金型の微細凹凸構造に対応した微細凹凸構造を表面に有する物品を得る工程。
本発明の第9の態様は、前記第8の態様である金型の離型処理方法によって表面が離型処理された、微細凹凸構造を表面に有する金型を用いて、前記微細凹凸構造に対応した微細凹凸構造を表面に有する物品を得る、微細凹凸構造を表面に有する物品の製造方法に関する。
前記離型剤(C)は、(ポリ)オキシエチレンアルキルリン酸エステル化合物であることが好ましい。
本発明の微細凹凸構造を表面に有する物品の製造方法によれば、金型から転写された微細凹凸構造における欠陥を抑えることができる。
本発明の金型の離型処理方法によれば、微細凹凸構造を表面に有する金型の表面に優れた離型性をムラなく簡易にかつ短時間で付与できる。
本発明の金型表面離型処理用活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物によれば、微細凹凸構造を表面に有する金型の表面に優れた離型性をムラなく簡易にかつ短時間で付与できる。
本発明の微細凹凸構造を表面に有する物品の製造方法は、本発明の離型処理方法によって表面が離型処理された、微細凹凸構造を表面に有する金型を用いて、前記微細凹凸構造に対応した微細凹凸構造(反転構造)を表面に有する物品を得る方法である。
(α)本発明の離型処理方法によって表面が離型処理された、微細凹凸構造を表面に有する金型を用いて射出成形やプレス成形する方法。
(β)賦形用活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物(以下、活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物(Y)と記す場合がある)を、本発明の離型処理方法によって表面が離型処理された、微細凹凸構造を表面に有する金型と基材との間に挟み、これに活性エネルギー線を照射して硬化させた後、金型の表面から、活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物(Y)の硬化物からなる硬化樹脂層とともに基材を剥離する方法。
(γ)活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物(Y)に、本発明の離型処理方法によって表面が離型処理された、微細凹凸構造を表面に有する金型を押し付け、金型の微細凹凸構造を転写した後、活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物(Y)から金型を剥離し、活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物(Y)に活性エネルギー線を照射して硬化させる方法。
金型は、微細凹凸構造を表面に有するものである。
金型の形状としては、平板状、ロール状、ベルト状等が挙げられ、連続的に微細凹凸構造を転写でき、生産性をより高めることができる点から、ロール状またはベルト状が好ましい。
金型基材の材料としては、金属(表面に酸化皮膜が形成されたものを含む。)、石英、ガラス、樹脂、セラミックス等が挙げられる。
(δ)金型基材の表面にリソグラフィ法(電子ビームリソグラフィ法、レーザ光干渉法フォトリソグラフィ法等)によって微細凹凸構造を形成する方法。
(ε)アルミニウム基材の表面に、複数の細孔(凹部)を有する陽極酸化アルミナを形成する方法。
方法(δ)においては、金型基材の表面にフォトレジスト膜を形成し、紫外線レーザ、電子線、X線等の光で露光し、現像することによって微細凹凸構造を有する金型が得られる。前記金型をそのまま金型として用いてもよく、フォトレジスト膜を介して金型基材をドライエッチングにより選択的にエッチングした後、フォトレジスト膜を除去することで金型基材に微細凹凸構造を直接形成したものを金型として用いてもよい。
方法(ε)としては、下記の工程(a)~(f)を有する方法が好ましい。
(a)アルミニウム基材を電解液中、定電圧下で陽極酸化してアルミニウム基材の表面に酸化皮膜を形成する工程。
(b)酸化皮膜を除去し、アルミニウム基材の表面に陽極酸化の細孔発生点を形成する工程。
(c)アルミニウム基材を電解液中、再度陽極酸化し、細孔発生点に細孔を有する酸化皮膜を形成する工程。
(d)細孔の径を拡大させる工程。
(e)工程(d)の後、電解液中、再度陽極酸化する工程。
(f)工程(d)と工程(e)を繰り返し行い、複数の細孔を有する陽極酸化アルミナがアルミニウム基材の表面に形成された金型を得る工程。
図1に示すように、アルミニウム基材10を陽極酸化すると、細孔12を有する酸化皮膜14が形成される。
アルミニウム基材の形状としては、ロール状、円管状、平板状、シート状等が挙げられる。
また、アルミニウム基材は、表面状態を平滑化にするために、機械研磨、羽布研磨、化学的研磨、電解研磨処理(エッチング処理)などで研磨されることが好ましい。また、アルミニウム基材は、所定の形状に加工する際に用いた油が付着していることがあるため、陽極酸化の前にあらかじめ脱脂処理されることが好ましい。
電解液としては、硫酸、シュウ酸、リン酸等が挙げられる。
シュウ酸の濃度は、0.7M以下が好ましい。シュウ酸の濃度が0.7Mを超えると、電流値が高くなりすぎて酸化皮膜の表面が粗くなることがある。
化成電圧が30~60Vの時、平均間隔が100nmの規則性の高い細孔を有する陽極酸化アルミナを得ることができる。化成電圧がこの範囲より高くても低くても規則性が低下する傾向にある。
電解液の温度は、60℃以下が好ましく、45℃以下がより好ましい。電解液の温度が60℃を超えると、いわゆる「ヤケ」といわれる現象がおこり、細孔が壊れたり、表面が溶けて細孔の規則性が乱れたりすることがある。
硫酸の濃度は0.7M以下が好ましい。硫酸の濃度が0.7Mを超えると、電流値が高くなりすぎて定電圧を維持できなくなることがある。
化成電圧が25~30Vの時、平均間隔が63nmの規則性の高い細孔を有する陽極酸化アルミナを得ることができる。化成電圧がこの範囲より高くても低くても規則性が低下する傾向がある。
電解液の温度は、30℃以下が好ましく、20℃以下がより好ましい。電解液の温度が30℃を超えると、いわゆる「ヤケ」といわれる現象がおこり、細孔が壊れたり、表面が溶けて細孔の規則性が乱れたりすることがある。
図1に示すように、酸化皮膜14を一旦除去し、これを陽極酸化の細孔発生点16にすることで細孔の規則性を向上することができる。
図1に示すように、酸化皮膜を除去したアルミニウム基材10を再度、陽極酸化すると、円柱状の細孔12を有する酸化皮膜14が形成される。
陽極酸化は、工程(a)と同様な条件で行えばよい。陽極酸化の時間を長くするほど深い細孔を得ることができる。
図1に示すように、細孔12の径を拡大させる処理(以下、細孔径拡大処理と記す。)を行う。細孔径拡大処理は、酸化皮膜を溶解する溶液に浸漬して陽極酸化で得られた細孔の径を拡大させる処理である。このような溶液としては、例えば、5質量%程度のリン酸水溶液等が挙げられる。
細孔径拡大処理の時間を長くするほど、細孔径は大きくなる。
図1に示すように、再度、陽極酸化すると、円柱状の細孔12の底部から下に延びる、直径の小さい円柱状の細孔12がさらに形成される。
陽極酸化は、工程(a)と同様な条件で行えばよい。陽極酸化の時間を長くするほど深い細孔を得ることができる。
図1に示すように、工程(d)の細孔径拡大処理と、工程(e)の陽極酸化を繰り返すと、直径が開口部から深さ方向に連続的に減少する形状の細孔12を有する酸化皮膜14が形成され、アルミニウム基材10の表面に陽極酸化アルミナ(アルミニウムの多孔質の酸化皮膜(アルマイト))を有する金型18が得られる。最後は工程(d)で終わることが好ましい。
細孔12間の平均間隔は、電子顕微鏡観察によって隣接する細孔12間の間隔(細孔12の中心から隣接する細孔12の中心までの距離)を10点測定し、これらの値を平均したものである。
細孔12の深さは、電子顕微鏡観察によって倍率30000倍で観察したときにおける、細孔12の最底部と、細孔12間に存在する凸部の最頂部との間の距離を測定した値である。
本発明の微細凹凸構造を表面に有する物品の製造方法は、インラインにて活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物を切り替えるだけで、金型の離型処理と物品の製造とを同じ装置を用いて連続して行うことができる点から、下記の工程(I)~(II)を有する方法であることが好ましい。
(I)金型表面離型処理用活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物(X)を、微細凹凸構造を表面に有する金型と、基材との間に供給し、これに活性エネルギー線を照射して硬化させた後、前記金型の表面から前記活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物(X)の硬化物からなる硬化樹脂層とともに基材を剥離することによって、金型の表面を離型処理する工程。
(II)前記工程(I)に引き続き、前記金型表面離型処理用活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物とは異なる賦形用活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物(Y)を、表面が離型処理された前記金型と、基材との間に供給し、これに活性エネルギー線を照射して硬化させた後、前記金型の表面から前記活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物(Y)の硬化物からなる硬化樹脂層とともに基材を剥離することによって、金型の微細凹凸構造に対応した微細凹凸構造を表面に有する物品を得る工程。
ここで、「前記金型表面離型処理用活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物とは異なる賦形用活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物」とは、前記工程(I)において、金型表面離型処理用に使用した活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物とは、その成分およびその成分の組成比の少なくとも1つが異なる活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物であって、微細凹凸構造を表面に有する物品の賦形用に用いられる前記組成物を意味する。
図2に示すように、表面に微細凹凸構造(図示略)を有するロール状の金型20と、金型20の回転に同期して金型20の表面に沿って移動する帯状のフィルム42(基材)との間に、タンク22から活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物(X)38を供給する。
剥離ロール30により、表面に硬化樹脂層44が形成されたフィルム42を金型20から剥離することによって、金型20の表面を離型処理する。
工程(I)にて表面が離型処理されたロール状の金型20と、金型20の回転に同期して金型20の表面に沿って移動する帯状のフィルム42(基材)との間に、タンク22に隣接して設けられたタンク23から、活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物(Y)39を供給する。
剥離ロール30により、表面に硬化樹脂層44が形成されたフィルム42を金型20から剥離することによって、図3に示すような物品40を得る。
活性エネルギー線としては、紫外線が好ましい。紫外線を照射するランプとしては、例えば、ケミカルランプ、高圧水銀灯、メタルハライドランプ、無電極UVランプ(フュージョンUVシステムズ社製)等が挙げられる。また、熱による硬化を併用してもよい。
基材としては、金型の離型処理方法に用いた基材と同様のものを用いればよい。
前記金型を外部離型剤で処理する工程は、まず、前記の方法で、金型基材の表面に微細凹凸構造を形成して金型を作製する。
外部離型剤としては、アルミニウム基材の陽極酸化アルミナと化学結合を形成し得る官能基を有するものが好ましい。なお、厳密には微細凹凸構造を表面に有する金型の、微細凹凸構造の表面を離型剤で処理するものであるが、以降単に「微細凹凸構造を表面に有する金型」や、「金型の表面」を処理する、と記載する場合がある。
(i-1)外部離型剤の希釈溶液に金型本体を浸漬する方法。
(i-2)外部離型剤またはその希釈溶液を、金型の微細凹凸構造が形成された側の表面に塗布する方法。
(g)金型を水洗する工程。
(h)工程(g)の後、金型にエアーを吹き付け、金型の表面に付着した水滴を除去する工程。
(i)加水分解性シリル基を有するフッ素化合物をフッ素系溶媒で希釈した希釈溶液に、金型を浸漬する工程。
(j)浸漬した金型をゆっくりと溶液から引き上げる工程。
(k)必要に応じて、工程(j)よりも後段にて金型を加熱加湿させる工程。
(l)金型本体を乾燥させる工程。
金型には、微細凹凸構造を形成する際に用いた薬剤(細孔径拡大処理に用いたリン酸水溶液、リソグラフィ法に用いた剥離液等)、不純物(埃等)等が付着しているため、水洗によってこれを除去する。
金型の表面に水滴が付着していると、工程(i)の希釈溶液が劣化するため、金型にエアーを吹き付け、目に見える水滴はほぼ除去する。
希釈用のフッ素系溶媒としては、ハイドロフルオロポリエーテル、パーフルオロヘキサン、パーフルオロメチルシクロヘキサン、パーフルオロ-1,3-ジメチルシクロヘキサン、ジクロロペンタフルオロプロパン等が挙げられる。
加水分解性シリル基を有するフッ素化合物の濃度は、希釈溶液(100質量%)中、0.01~0.5質量%が好ましい。
浸漬時間は、1~30分間が好ましい。
浸漬温度は、0~50℃が好ましい。
浸漬した金型を溶液から引き上げる際には、電動引き上げ機等を用いて、一定速度で引き上げ、引き上げ時の揺動を抑えることが好ましい。これにより塗布ムラを少なくできる。
引き上げ速度は、1~10mm/secが好ましい。
工程(j)よりも後段にて、金型を加熱加湿させてもよい。金型を加熱加湿下に放置することによって、フッ素化合物(離型剤)の加水分解性シリル基が加水分解されてシラノール基が生成し、前記シラノール基と金型の表面の水酸基との反応が十分に進行し、フッ素化合物の定着性が向上する。加湿方法としては、飽和塩水溶液を用いた飽和塩法、水を加熱して加湿する方法、加熱した水蒸気を金型に直接吹付ける方法等が考えられる。この工程は恒温恒湿器中で行えばよい。
加熱温度は、30~150℃が好ましい。
加湿条件は、相対湿度60%以上が好ましい。
放置時間は、10分~7日間が好ましい。
金型を乾燥させる工程では、金型を風乾させてもよく、乾燥機等で強制的に加熱乾燥させてもよい。
乾燥温度は、30~150℃が好ましい。
乾燥時間は、5~300分間が好ましい。
基材の材質としては、例えば、ポリカーボネート、ポリスチレン系樹脂、ポリエステル、アクリル系樹脂、セルロース系樹脂(トリアセチルセルロース等)、ポリオレフィン、ガラス等が挙げられる。
第1の硬化性樹脂としては、金型の表面の異物が付着しやすい点から、後述する活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物のうち、親水性の材料を形成し得る活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物を用いることが好ましい。
硬化物の押込み弾性率は、超微小硬さ試験システム(フィッシャー社製、フィッシャースコープHM2000)を用いて測定される。
内部離型剤としては、フッ素含有化合物、シリコーン系化合物、リン酸エステル系化合物、長鎖アルキル基を有する化合物、ポリオキシアルキレン基を有する化合物、固形ワックス(ポリエチレンワックス、アミドワックス、ポリテトラフルオロエチレンのパウダ等)等が挙げられる。
また、内部離型剤としては、金型との離型性を良好にする点から、外部離型剤と異なる離型剤が好ましい。
第1の硬化性樹脂の硬化物と金型との離型性が良好となる点から、内部離型剤として(ポリ)オキシアルキレンアルキルリン酸エステル化合物を含むことが好ましい。
(HO)3-n(O=)P[-O-(CH2CH2O)m-R1]n ・・・(1)
R1は、アルキル基であり、mは1~20の整数であり、nは1~3の整数である。
mは、1~10の整数が好ましい。
(ポリ)オキシアルキレンアルキルリン酸エステル化合物は、モノエステル体(n=1)、ジエステル体(n=2)、トリエステル体(n=3)のいずれであってもよい。また、ジエステル体またはトリエステル体の場合、1分子中の複数の(ポリ)オキシアルキレンアルキル基はそれぞれ異なっていてもよい。
城北化学社製:JP-506H、
アクセル社製:モールドウイズINT-1856
日光ケミカル社製:TDP-10、TDP-8、TDP-6、TDP-2、DDP-10、DDP-8、DDP-6、DDP-4、DDP-2、TLP-4、TCP-5、DLP-10。
(ポリ)オキシアルキレンアルキルリン酸エステル化合物は、1種を単独で用いてもよく、2種以上を併用してもよい。
基材の材質としては、例えば、ポリカーボネート、ポリスチレン系樹脂、ポリエステル、アクリル系樹脂、セルロース系樹脂(トリアセチルセルロース等)、ポリオレフィン、ガラス等が挙げられる。
第2の硬化性樹脂としては、金型への樹脂残りが発生しにくい点から、後述する活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物のうち、疎水性の材料を形成し得る活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物を用いることがより好ましい。
重合開始剤としては、後述する重合開始剤が挙げられる。
第2の硬化性樹脂は、必要に応じて、内部離型剤を含んでいてもよい。
前記工程(II)において第2の硬化性樹脂39を供給するタンク23および供給ラインと、前記工程(II)において第1の硬化性樹脂38を供給するタンク22および供給ラインとは、同じタンクおよびラインであってもよく、別々のタンクおよびラインであってもよく、樹脂の切り替え時に洗浄しなくてよい点から、別々のタンクおよびラインであることが好ましい。また、前記工程(I)から前記工程(II)へ移行するにあたっては、一旦金型の回転およびフィルムの移動を停止させてもよいし、生産性の向上等を目的として金型の回転およびフィルムの移動を停止させることなしに移行させてもよい。
図3は、微細凹凸構造を表面に有する物品40の一例を示す断面図である。
以上のようにして得られる物品40は、フィルム42(基材)の表面に、金型の微細凹凸構造が鍵と鍵穴の関係で転写された微細凹凸構造(反転構造)を有する硬化樹脂層44が形成されたものである。
陽極酸化アルミナの金型を用いた場合の物品40の表面の微細凹凸構造は、陽極酸化アルミナの表面の微細凹凸構造を転写して形成されたものであり、活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物(Y)39の硬化物からなる複数の突起(凸部)46を有する。
突起間の平均間隔は、電子顕微鏡観察によって隣接する突起間の間隔(突起の中心から隣接する突起の中心までの距離)を10点または50点測定し、これらの値を平均したものである。
突起の高さは、電子顕微鏡によって倍率30000倍で観察したときにおける、突起の最頂部と、突起間に存在する凹部の最底部との間の距離を測定した値である。
突起の高さは、電子顕微鏡によって倍率30000倍で観察したときにおける、突起の最頂部と、突起間に存在する凹部の最底部との間の距離を測定した値である。
物品40の用途としては、反射防止物品、防曇性物品、防汚性物品、撥水性物品、より具体的には、ディスプレー用反射防止、自動車メーターカバー、自動車ミラー、自動車窓、有機または無機エレクトロルミネッセンスの光取り出し効率向上部材、太陽電池部材等が挙げられる。
微細凹凸構造を表面に有する物品を、反射防止フィルムとして用いる場合は、例えば、画像表示装置(液晶表示装置、プラズマディスプレイパネル、エレクトロルミネッセンスディスプレイ、陰極管表示装置等)、レンズ、ショーウィンドー、眼鏡レンズ等の対象物の表面に、微細凹凸構造を表面に有する物品を貼り付けて用いる。
また、対象物が画像表示装置である場合は、その表面に限らず、その前面板に対して微細凹凸構造を表面に有する物品を貼り付けてもよいし、前面板そのものを、微細凹凸構造を表面に有する物品から構成してもよい。
また、微細凹凸構造を表面に有する物品は、ロータス効果を発現することから、防曇性物品、防汚性物品、撥水性物品として用いることもできる。
以上説明した本発明の物品の製造方法にあっては、本発明の離型処理方法によって表面が離型処理された、微細凹凸構造を表面に有する金型を用いているため、金型の微細凹凸構造が精度よく転写され、かつ離型剤による汚染が抑えられた微細凹凸構造を表面に有する物品を、生産性よく製造できる。
本発明の微細凹凸構造を表面に有する物品の製造方法が、前記工程(I)の前に前記金型を外部離型剤で処理する工程をさらに含む場合、微細凹凸構造を表面に有する金型を、外部離型剤で処理する工程と、前記工程の後、内部離型剤を含む第1の硬化性樹脂を、金型と基材との間に挟み、金型の表面に内部離型剤の一部を移行させる工程(I)とを有するため、金型の微細凹凸構造の領域全体にわたって、均一にかつ十分に離型剤で処理できる。そのため、工程(I)の後、第2の硬化性樹脂を、金型と基材との間に挟み、硬化させて、微細凹凸構造が転写された硬化樹脂層を基材の表面に形成し、微細凹凸構造を表面に有する物品を得る工程(II)において、金型から転写された微細凹凸構造における欠陥を抑えることができる。
前記工程(I)の前に前記金型を外部離型剤で処理する工程をさらに含む、本発明の微細凹凸構造を表面に有する物品の製造方法において、前記金型表面離型処理用活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物が、重合性化合物(A)と、活性エネルギー線重合開始剤(B)と、離型剤(C)とを含み、積算光量1000mJ/cm2の活性エネルギー線を照射して活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物を硬化させた硬化物の23℃における押込み弾性率が、5~2000MPaであることが好ましい。
本発明の微細凹凸構造を表面に有する物品の製造方法において使用される、金型表面離型処理用活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物(本明細書では、活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物(X)とも記す。)は、微細凹凸構造を表面に有する金型の表面を離型処理するための活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物であって、重合性化合物(A)と、活性エネルギー線重合開始剤(B)と、離型剤(C)とを含む。
硬化物の押込み弾性率は、超微小硬さ試験システム(フィッシャー社製、フィッシャースコープHM2000)を用いて測定される。
重合性化合物(A)としては、分子中にラジカル重合性結合および/またはカチオン重合性結合を有するモノマー、オリゴマー、反応性ポリマー等が挙げられる。重合性が良好である点から、アクリロイルオキシ基またはメタクリロイルオキシ基を有する(メタ)アクリレート系の重合性化合物が好ましい。
単官能モノマーとしては、メチル(メタ)アクリレート、エチル(メタ)アクリレート、プロピル(メタ)アクリレート、n-ブチル(メタ)アクリレート、i-ブチル(メタ)アクリレート、s-ブチル(メタ)アクリレート、t-ブチル(メタ)アクリレート、2-エチルヘキシル(メタ)アクリレート、ラウリル(メタ)アクリレート、トリデシル(メタ)アクリレート、ステアリル(メタ)アクリレート等のアルキル(メタ)アクリレート、シクロヘキシル(メタ)アクリレート、ベンジル(メタ)アクリレート、フェノキシエチル(メタ)アクリレート、イソボルニル(メタ)アクリレート、グリシジル(メタ)アクリレート、テトラヒドロフルフリル(メタ)アクリレート、アリル(メタ)アクリレート、2-ヒドロキシエチル(メタ)アクリレート、ヒドロキシプロピル(メタ)アクリレート、2-メトキシエチル(メタ)アクリレート、2-エトキシエチル(メタ)アクリレート等の(メタ)アクリレート誘導体;(メタ)アクリル酸、(メタ)アクリロニトリル;スチレン、α-メチルスチレン等のスチレン誘導体;(メタ)アクリルアミド、N,N-ジメチル(メタ)アクリルアミド、N,N-ジエチル(メタ)アクリルアミド、ジメチルアミノプロピル(メタ)アクリルアミド等の(メタ)アクリルアミド誘導体等が挙げられる。
これらは、1種を単独で用いてもよく、2種類以上を併用してもよい。
活性エネルギー線重合開始剤(B)は、活性エネルギー線を照射することでラジカルまたはカチオンを発生する化合物である。装置コストや生産性の点から、活性エネルギー線として紫外線を用いる光重合開始剤が好ましい。
これらは、1種を単独で用いてもよく、2種以上を併用してもよい。
離型剤(C)としては、フッ素含有化合物、シリコーン系化合物、リン酸エステル系化合物、長鎖アルキル基を有する化合物、固形ワックス(ポリエチレンワックス、アミドワックス、ポリテトラフルオロエチレンのパウダ等)等が挙げられる。
R1としては、炭素数3~18のアルキル基が好ましい。
mは、1~10の整数が好ましい。
(ポリ)オキシアルキレンアルキルリン酸エステル化合物は、モノエステル体(n=1)、ジエステル体(n=2)、トリエステル体(n=3)のいずれであってもよい。また、ジエステル体またはトリエステル体の場合、1分子中の複数の(ポリ)オキシエチレンアルキル基はそれぞれ異なっていてもよい。
城北化学社製:JP-506H、
アクセル社製:モールドウイズ(登録商標)シリーズのINT-1856、
日光ケミカル社製:TDP-10、TDP-8、TDP-6、TDP-2、DDP-10、DDP-8、DDP-6、DDP-4、DDP-2、TLP-4、TCP-5、DLP-10。
(ポリ)オキシアルキレンアルキルリン酸エステル化合物は、1種を単独で用いてもよく、2種以上を併用してもよい。
活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物(X)は、必要に応じて、酸化防止剤、紫外線吸収剤、光安定剤、レベリング剤、熱安定剤、可塑剤、帯電防止剤、難燃剤、難燃助剤、重合禁止剤、充填剤、シランカップリング剤、着色剤、強化剤、無機フィラー、耐衝撃性改質剤等の公知の添加剤を含有してもよい。
活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物(Y)としては、重合性化合物(A)と、活性エネルギー線重合開始剤(B)とを必須成分として含み、必要に応じて離型剤(C)、または他の添加剤を含むものが挙げられる。
活性エネルギー線重合開始剤(B)としては、活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物(X)に用いた重合開始剤と同様のものを用いればよい。活性エネルギー線重合開始剤(B)の量は、活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物(X)における量と同程度であればよい。
他の添加剤としては、上述した他の添加剤と同様のものが挙げられる。
活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物は、必要に応じて、非反応性のポリマー、活性エネルギー線ゾルゲル反応性組成物、帯電防止剤、防汚性を向上させるためのフッ素化合物等の添加剤、微粒子、少量の溶媒を含んでいてもよい。
活性エネルギー線ゾルゲル反応性組成物としては、アルコキシシラン化合物、アルキルシリケート化合物等が挙げられる。
硬化樹脂層の微細凹凸構造の表面の水接触角を90°以上にするためには、疎水性の材料を形成し得る活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物として、フッ素含有化合物またはシリコーン系化合物を含む組成物を用いることが好ましい。
フッ素含有化合物としては、フッ素含有モノマー、フッ素含有シランカップリング剤、フッ素含有界面活性剤、フッ素含有ポリマー等が挙げられる。
フルオロアルキル基置換ビニルモノマーとしては、フルオロアルキル基置換(メタ)アクリレート、フルオロアルキル基置換(メタ)アクリルアミド、フルオロアルキル基置換ビニルエーテル、フルオロアルキル基置換スチレン等が挙げられる。
シリコーン系化合物としては、(メタ)アクリル酸変性シリコーン、シリコーン樹脂、シリコーン系シランカップリング剤等が挙げられる。
(メタ)アクリル酸変性シリコーンとしては、シリコーン(ジ)(メタ)アクリレート等が挙げられ、例えば、信越化学工業社製のシリコーンジアクリレート「x-22-164」「x-22-1602」等が好ましく用いられる。
硬化樹脂層の微細凹凸構造の表面の水接触角を25°以下にするためには、親水性の材料を形成し得る活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物として、少なくとも親水性モノマーを含む組成物を用いることが好ましい。また、耐擦傷性や耐水性付与の観点からは、架橋可能な多官能モノマーを含むものがより好ましい。なお、親水性モノマーと架橋可能な多官能モノマーは、同一(すなわち、親水性多官能モノマー)であってもよい。さらに、活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物は、その他のモノマーを含んでいてもよい。
4官能以上の多官能(メタ)アクリレートとしては、5官能以上の多官能(メタ)アクリレートがより好ましい。
ポリエチレングリコールジメタクリレートにおいて、一分子内に存在するポリエチレングリコール鎖の平均繰り返し単位の合計は、6~40が好ましく、9~30がより好ましく、12~20が特に好ましい。ポリエチレングリコール鎖の平均繰り返し単位が6以上であれば、親水性が十分となり、防汚性が向上する。ポリエチレングリコール鎖の平均繰り返し単位が40以下であれば、4官能以上の多官能(メタ)アクリレートとの相溶性が良好となり、活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物が分離しにくい。
親水性単官能モノマーとしては、M-20G、M-90G、M-230G(新中村化学社製)等のエステル基にポリエチレングリコール鎖を有する単官能(メタ)アクリレート、ヒドロキシアルキル(メタ)アクリレート等のエステル基に水酸基を有する単官能(メタ)アクリレート、単官能アクリルアミド類、メタクリルアミドプロピルトリメチルアンモニウムメチルサルフェート、メタクリロイルオキシエチルトリメチルアンモニウムメチルサルフェート等のカチオン性モノマー類等が挙げられる。
また、単官能モノマーとして、アクリロイルモルホリン、ビニルピロリドン等の粘度調整剤、物品本体への密着性を向上させるアクリロイルイソシアネート類等の密着性向上剤等を用いてもよい。
以上説明した活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物(X)にあっては、積算光量1000mJ/cm2の活性エネルギー線を照射して活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物を硬化させた硬化物の23℃における押込み弾性率が、5~1000MPaであるため、また、前記工程(I)の前に前記金型を外部離型剤で処理する工程をさらに含む、本発明の微細凹凸構造を表面に有する物品の製造方法で使用する活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物(X)にあっては、前記押込み弾性率が、5~2000MPaであるため、微細凹凸構造を表面に有する金型の表面に優れた離型性をムラなく簡易にかつ短時間で付与できる。
本発明の金型の離型処理方法は、活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物(X)を、微細凹凸構造を表面に有する金型の、微細凹凸構造を有する側の表面に供給し、これに活性エネルギー線を照射して硬化させた後、金型の表面から活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物(X)の硬化物を剥離する方法である。この際、活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物(X)を金型と基材との間に挟んだ状態で硬化させて、微細凹凸構造が転写された硬化樹脂層を基材の表面に形成することが好ましい。
基材の材料としては、メチルメタクリレート(共)重合体、ポリカーボネート、スチレン(共)重合体、メチルメタクリレート-スチレン共重合体、半合成高分子(セルロースジアセテート、セルローストリアセテート、セルロースアセテートブチレート等)、ポリエステル(ポリエチレンテレフタレート等)、ポリアミド、ポリイミド、ポリエーテルスルフォン、ポリスルフォン、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ポリメチルペンテン、ポリ塩化ビニル、ポリビニルアセタール、ポリエーテルケトン、ポリウレタン、ガラス等が挙げられる。
基材の表面には、密着性、帯電防止性、耐擦傷性、耐候性等の特性の改良を目的として、コーティング、コロナ処理等が施されていてもよい。
以上説明した本発明の金型の離型処理方法にあっては、活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物(X)を、微細凹凸構造を表面に有する金型の表面に供給し、これに活性エネルギー線を照射して硬化させた後、金型の表面から活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物(X)の硬化物を剥離しているため、微細凹凸構造を表面に有する金型の表面に優れた離型性をムラなく簡易にかつ短時間で付与できる。
陽極酸化アルミナの一部を削り、断面にプラチナを1分間蒸着し、電界放出形走査電子顕微鏡(日本電子社製、JSM-7400F)を用いて、加速電圧3.00kVの条件にて、断面を観察し、細孔の間隔、細孔の深さを測定した。
純度99.99%のアルミニウム板を、羽布研磨し、ついで過塩素酸/エタノール混合溶液(1/4体積比)中で電解研磨して鏡面化した。
前記アルミニウム板について、0.3Mシュウ酸水溶液中で、直流40V、温度16℃の条件で30分間陽極酸化を行った。
工程(b):
酸化皮膜が形成されたアルミニウム板を、6質量%リン酸/1.8質量%クロム酸混合水溶液に6時間浸漬して、酸化皮膜を除去した。
工程(c):
前記アルミニウム板について、0.3Mシュウ酸水溶液中、直流40V、温度16℃の条件で30秒陽極酸化を行った。
酸化皮膜が形成されたアルミニウム板を、32℃の5質量%リン酸に8分間浸漬して、細孔径拡大処理を行った。
工程(e):
前記アルミニウム板について、0.3Mシュウ酸水溶液中、直流40V、温度16℃の条件で30秒間陽極酸化を行った。
前記工程(d)および工程(f)を合計で4回繰り返し、最後に工程(d)を行い、平均間隔:100nm、深さ:180nmの略円錐形状の細孔を有する陽極酸化アルミナが表面に形成された金型を得た。
得られた金型を脱イオン水で洗浄した後、表面の水分をエアーブローで除去した。
(バッチ賦型方法)
(金型表面離型処理用活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物の調製)
二官能ウレタンアクリレート(東亞合成社製、アロニックスM1200)の50質量部、
ポリエチレングリコールジアクリレート(東亞合成社製、アロニックスM260)の50質量部、
1-ヒドロキシ-シクロヘキシル-フェニル-ケトン(チバ・スペシャルティ・ケミカルズ社製、IRGACURE(登録商標)184)の3.0質量部、
(ポリ)オキシエチレンアルキルリン酸エステル化合物(アクセル社製、モールドウイズINT-1856)の5.0質量部
からなる活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物(X)を調製した。
トリメチロールエタン/アクリル酸/無水コハク酸の縮合反応物(大阪有機化学工業社製、TAS)の45質量部、
シリコーンジアクリレート(信越化学工業社製、x-22-1602)の10質量部、
1,6-ヘキサンジオールジアクリレートの45質量部、
1-ヒドロキシ-シクロヘキシル-フェニル-ケトン(チバ・スペシャルティ・ケミカルズ社製、IRGACURE(登録商標)184)の3.0質量部、
ビス(2,4,6-トリメチルベンゾイル)-フェニルホスフィンオキサイド(チバ・スペシャルティ・ケミカルズ社製、IRGACURE(登録商標)819)の0.2質量部、
(ポリ)オキシエチレンアルキルリン酸エステル化合物(アクセル社製、モールドウイズINT-1856)の0.1質量部
からなる活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物(Y)を調製した。
活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物(X)を金型の表面に1滴垂らし、厚さ188μmのポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルム(東洋紡績社製、A-4300)で押し広げながら被覆した。このとき、金型の表面の20~40%程度を活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物(X)にて覆うようにした。フィルム側から無電極UVランプ(フュージョンUVシステムズ社製、ライトハンマー6)を用いて1000mJ/cm2のエネルギーで紫外線を照射して硬化させた。フィルムと金型を剥離し、活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物(X)で被覆した金型の一部に離型剤を転写した(ダミー賦形1)。
以上のようにして、金型に離型処理を施した。
活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物(Y)を金型の表面に3滴垂らし、厚さ188μmのポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルム(東洋紡社製、A-4300)で押し広げながら被覆した後、フィルム側から無電極UVランプ(フュージョンUVシステムズ社製、ライトハンマー6)を用いて1000mJ/cm2のエネルギーで紫外線を照射して活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物(Y)を硬化させた。フィルムと金型を剥離し、微細凹凸構造を表面に有する物品を得た(正規賦形)。
同じ操作を合計で3回繰り返し、3回目で得られた微細凹凸構造を表面に有する物品を評価した。
(連続賦型方法)
ロール状のアルミニウム基材(純度:99.99%)を用意した。
前記アルミニウム基材について、0.3Mシュウ酸水溶液中で、直流40V、温度16℃の条件で6時間陽極酸化を行った
工程(b):
酸化皮膜が形成されたアルミニウム板を、6質量%リン酸/1.8質量%クロム酸混合水溶液に6時間浸漬して、酸化皮膜を除去した。
工程(c):
前記アルミニウム基材について、0.3Mシュウ酸水溶液中、直流40V、温度16℃の条件で20秒間陽極酸化を行った。
酸化皮膜が形成されたアルミニウム基材を、32℃の5質量%リン酸水溶液に8分間浸漬して、細孔径拡大処理を行った。
前記工程(c)および工程(d)を合計で4回繰り返し、最後に工程(d)を行い、平均間隔:100nm、深さ:220nmの略円錐形状の細孔を有する陽極酸化アルミナが表面に形成されたロール状金型を得た。
図2に示す装置を用いて工程(I)、(II)を行った。
ロール状金型20としては、前記ロール状金型aを用いた。
第1の硬化性樹脂38としては、前記活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物(X)を、第2の硬化性樹脂39としては、前記活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物(Y)を用いた。
フィルム42としては、ポリエステルフィルム(三菱樹脂社製、W32A、厚さ:88μm、幅:300mm)を用いた。
フィルム42側から、積算光量1100mJ/cm2の紫外線を、第1の硬化性樹脂38に照射し、第1の硬化性樹脂38を硬化させることによって、フィルム42の表面に硬化樹脂層44を形成した。
フィルム42側から、積算光量1100mJ/cm2の紫外線を、第2の硬化性樹脂39に照射し、第2の硬化性樹脂39を硬化させることによって、フィルム42の表面に硬化樹脂層44を形成した。
また、第1の硬化性樹脂Aの押込み弾性率は34MPaであった
表1~表3に示す組成の活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物(X)に変更し、賦形方法をそれぞれ表中に示した方法とした以外は、実施例1または実施例4と同様にして微細凹凸構造を表面に有する物品を得た。
表2および表3に示す組成の活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物(X)に変更し、賦形方法をそれぞれ表中に示した方法とし、外部離型剤による金型の離型処理を行った以外は、実施例1と同様にして微細凹凸構造を表面に有する物品を得た。
(外部離型剤による板状金型の離型処理)
表面防汚コーティング剤(ダイキン工業社製、オプツールDSX)を、固形分濃度が0.1質量%になるように希釈剤(ハーベス社製、HD-ZV)で希釈して離型剤溶液を調製した。
製造例1と同様にして得られた金型を、離型剤溶液に10分間浸漬し、20時間風乾して離型処理を施した。
以下に示す割合で各成分を混合し、第1の硬化性樹脂A、第2の硬化性樹脂Bを調製した。
コハク酸/トリメチロールエタン/アクリル酸の縮合反応混合物(大阪有機化学工業社製、TAS)の82質量部、
ポリエチレングリコールジアクリレート(東亞合成社製、アロニックスM260)の6質量部、
2-ヒドロキシエチルアクリレートの4質量部、
メチルアクリレートの8質量部、
(ポリ)オキシアルキレンアルキルリン酸エステル化合物(アクセル社製、INT-1856)の0.3質量部、
1-ヒドロキシシクロヘキシルフェニルケトン(チバ・スペシャリティ・ケミカルズ社製、イルガキュア184)の1質量部、
ビス(2,4,6-トリメチルベンゾイル)-フェニルフォスフィンオキサイド(チバ・スペシャリティ・ケミカルズ社製、イルガキュア819)の0.1質量部。
コハク酸/トリメチロールエタン/アクリル酸の縮合反応混合物(大阪有機化学工業社製、TAS)の45質量部、
1,6-ヘキサンジオールジアクリレート(大阪有機化学社製、C6DA)の45質量部、
ラジカル重合性シリコーンオイル(信越化学工業社製、X-22-1602)の10質量部、
1-ヒドロキシシクロヘキシルフェニルケトン(チバ・スペシャリティ・ケミカルズ社製、イルガキュア184)の3.0質量部、
ビス(2,4,6‐トリメチルベンゾイル)-フェニルフォスフィンオキサイド(チバ・スペシャリティ・ケミカルズ社製、イルガキュア819)の0.2質量部。
ロール状のアルミニウム基材(純度:99.99%)を用意した。表3に示す組成の活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物(X)に変更し、実施例4と同様に工程(a)~(e)を行い、次いで工程(i)および工程(j)を行った。引き続き、第1の硬化性樹脂38として前記第1の硬化性樹脂Aを用い、第2の硬化性樹脂39として前記第2の硬化性樹脂Bを用いた以外は実施例4と同様に前記工程(I)および(II)を行った。
工程(i):
金型を、オプツールDSX(ダイキン化成品販売社製)の0.1質量%希釈溶液に浸漬した。
工程(j):
金型を一晩風乾して、離型剤で処理されたロール状金型aを得た。
また、第1の硬化性樹脂Aの押込み弾性率は1820MPa、第2の硬化性樹脂Bの押込み弾性率は2050MPaであった。
第1の硬化性樹脂Aに含まれる(ポリ)オキシアルキレンアルキルリン酸エステル化合物(内部離型剤)として、TDP-2(日光ケミカル社製)を用いた以外は、実施例24と同じ方法で各工程を実施した。工程(II)実施後の硬化樹脂層44の表面を目視で観察したところ、離型不良、樹脂残り、異物等による欠陥はフィルム1mあたり0~2個(0.1m2あたり0~2個に相当)であった。
また、このときの第1の硬化性樹脂Aの押込み弾性率は1820MPaであった。
第1の硬化性樹脂Aを下記の組成のものに変更した以外は、実施例24と同じ方法で各工程を実施した。
コハク酸/トリメチロールエタン/アクリル酸の縮合反応混合物(大阪有機化学工業社製、TAS)の70質量部、
ポリエチレングリコールジアクリレート(東亞合成社製、アロニックスM260)の20質量部、
2-ヒドロキシエチルアクリレートの3質量部、
メチルアクリレートの7質量部、
(ポリ)オキシアルキレンアルキルリン酸エステル化合物(日光ケミカル社製、TDP-2)の0.3質量部、
1-ヒドロキシシクロヘキシルフェニルケトン(チバ・スペシャリティ・ケミカルズ社製、イルガキュア184)の1質量部、
ビス(2,4,6-トリメチルベンゾイル)-フェニルフォスフィンオキサイド(チバ・スペシャリティ・ケミカルズ社製、イルガキュア819)の0.1質量部。
また、このときの第1の硬化性樹脂Aの押込み弾性率は1450MPaであった。
実施例24と同様にして、外部離型剤で処理されたロール状金型aを得た。
図2に示す装置を用いて、工程(II)を行った。
ロール状金型20としては、前記ロール状金型aを用いた。
第2の硬化性樹脂39としては、前記第2の硬化性樹脂Bを用いた。表3にはこの第2の硬化性樹脂Bの組成および押込み弾性率を記した。
フィルム42としては、ポリエステルフィルム(三菱樹脂社製、W32A、厚さ:88μm、幅:300mm)を用いた。
フィルム42側から、積算光量1100mJ/cm2の紫外線を、第2の硬化性樹脂39に照射し、第2の硬化性樹脂39を硬化させることによって、フィルム42の表面に硬化樹脂層44を形成した。
実施例20と同様の方法で外部離型剤による離型処理を行った板状金型を用意した。
前記用意した金型を用いた以外は、実施例1における「物品の製造」と同様に活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物(Y)を用いて、微細凹凸構造を表面に有する物品を得た。また、この活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物(Y)の押込み弾性率は、1948MPaであった。表3には、この活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物(Y)の組成および押込み弾性率を示した。
第2の硬化性樹脂39として、下記のものを用いた以外は、比較例1と同じ方法で各工程を実施した。
(第2の硬化性樹脂39)
コハク酸/トリメチロールエタン/アクリル酸の縮合反応混合物(大阪有機化学工業社製、TAS)の45質量部、
1,6-ヘキサンジオールジアクリレート(大阪有機化学社製、C6DA)の45質量部、
ラジカル重合性シリコーンオイル(信越化学工業社製、X-22-1602)の10質量部、
(ポリ)オキシアルキレンアルキルリン酸エステル化合物(アクセル社製、INT-1856)の0.3質量部、
1-ヒドロキシシクロヘキシルフェニルケトン(チバ・スペシャリティ・ケミカルズ社製、イルガキュア184)の3.0質量部、
ビス(2,4,6‐トリメチルベンゾイル)-フェニルフォスフィンオキサイド(チバ・スペシャリティ・ケミカルズ社製、イルガキュア819)の0.2質量部。
また、この第2の硬化性樹脂39の押込み弾性率は、1985MPaであった。表3にはこの第2の硬化性樹脂39の組成および押込み弾性率を記した。
(物品の製造)
活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物による金型の離型処理を行わなかった以外は、実施例1における「物品の製造」と同様に活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物(Y)を用いて、微細凹凸構造を表面に有する物品を得た。表3には、この活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物(Y)の組成および押込み弾性率を示した。
実施例1~26、比較例1~4で得られた物品については、下記の(1)~(4)の評価を行った。
比較例1~4で得られた物品については、下記の(2)~(4)の評価を行った。
(1)の評価については、バッチ法についてはダミー賦形3で作製した物品を評価した。連続法については第1の硬化性樹脂を用いて200m賦形した後の物品を評価した。
(2)~(4)の評価については、バッチ法については3回目の正規賦形で作製した物品を評価した。連続法については第2の硬化性樹脂を用いて200m賦形した後の物品を評価した。
評価結果を表1~表3に示す。
押込み弾性率の測定には、超微小硬さ試験システム(フィッシャー社製、フィッシャースコープHM2000)を用いた。圧子としては、ビッカース四角錐(材質:ダイヤモンド)を用いた。物品から10mm×10mmのサンプルを切り出し、硬化樹脂層側を上面にしてスライドガラスに置き、サンプルに対して垂直に押し込んだときの押込み弾性率を測定した。具体的には、23℃恒温室にて下記の手順で測定を行った。
(1-1)負荷速度0.5mN/secで荷重10mNに達するまで荷重を負荷した。
(1-2)最大荷重が負荷された状態で15秒間保持した。
(1-3)除荷速度1.9mN/secで荷重0.4mNに達するまで荷重を除荷した。
(1-4)測定位置を変えながら、(1-1)~(1-3)の一連の手順を繰り返し行い、2点の平均値を採用した。
裏面を黒く塗った物品について、分光光度計(日立製作所社製、U‐4100)を用いて、入射角5°の条件で波長380nm~780nmの間の相対反射率を測定した。550nmの反射率について下記の基準で評価した。
○:550nmの反射率が0.5%以下。
×:550nmの反射率が0.5%以上。
物品の表面に1μLのイオン交換水を滴下し、自動接触角測定器(KRUSS社製)を用いて、θ/2法にて接触角を測定し、下記の基準で評価した。
○:水接触角120°~140°未満。
×:水接触角140°以上または120°未満。
バッチ法については実施例24の樹脂組成物を3回転写した後、連続法については第2の硬化性樹脂を用いて200m賦形後の正規賦形品を目視により評価した。
外観評価の基準は以下のとおりとした。
レベルA:外観欠陥の発生頻度が0.1m2あたり0~2個
レベルB:外観欠陥の発生頻度が0.1m2あたり3~14個
レベルC:外観欠陥の発生頻度が0.1m2あたり15個以上
ATM-4E:エトキシ化ペンタエリスリトールテトラアクリレート(新中村化学工業社製、NKエステルATM-4E)、
ATM-35E:エトキシ化ペンタエリスリトールテトラアクリレート(新中村化学工業製、NKエステルATM-35E)、
TAS:トリメチロールエタン/アクリル酸/無水コハク酸の縮合反応物(大阪有機化学工業社製、TAS)、
U-2PPA:ウレタンアクリレート(新中村化学工業社製、NKオリゴU-2PPA)、
R-1150D:ウレタンアクリレート(第一工業製薬社製、ニューフロンティアR-1150D)、
A-BPE-10:エトキシ化ビスフェノールAジアクリレート(新中村化学工業社製、NKエステルA-BPE-10)、
M1200:ウレタンアクリレート(東亜合成社製、アロニックスM1200)、
M260:ポリエチレングリコールジアクリレート(東亜合成社製、アロニックスM260)、
x-22-1602:シリコーンジアクリレート(信越化学工業社製、x-22-1602)、
C6DA:1,6-ヘキサンジオールジアクリレート、
HEA:2-ヒドロキシエチルアクリレート、
Irg.184:1-ヒドロキシ-シクロヘキシル-フェニル-ケトン(チバ・スペシャルティ・ケミカルズ社製、IRGACURE(登録商標)184)、
Irg.819:ビス(2,4,6-トリメチルベンゾイル)-フェニルホスフィンオキサイド(チバ・スペシャルティ・ケミカルズ社製、IRGCURE(登録商標)819)、
INT1856:(ポリ)オキシエチレンアルキルリン酸エステル化合物(アクセル社製、モールドウイズINT-1856)、
JP506H:(ポリ)オキシエチレンアルキルリン酸エステル化合物(城北化学社製、JP-506H)、
DSX:表面防汚コーティング剤(ダイキン工業社製、オプツールDSX)
A4300:ポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルム(東洋紡績社製、コスモシャインA-4300、厚さ188μm)。
実施例20~23においては、金型への外部離型剤処理を併用することにより、実施例16~19において外部離型処理を行わなかった場合に比べて、概ね外観の評価が向上した。
比較例1~4においては、金型表面離型処理用活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物と、賦形用活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物とが同じ組成であるため実質的にはダミー賦形されておらず、良好な外観の物品(正規賦形品)が得られなかった。
比較例1および3においては、外部離型剤処理を行っているため、金型からの硬化樹脂の離型は比較的円滑に行えるものの、外観欠陥が多発した。
比較例2においては、正賦形3回目の表面特性が劣っており、外観レベルも欠陥の多いものとなった。転写を140回以上繰り返すことにより、物品表面に以降した外部離型剤が脱落するために表面特性は回復するものの、外観は向上しなかった。
比較例4においては、活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物(X)の硬化物の23℃における押込み弾性率が1000MPa超であり、かつ離型剤の量が少なすぎるため、金型の外部離型剤処理を行わなかったにも関わらず金型から基材と硬化樹脂のほとんどを離型することができたものの、ダミー賦形の際に型の微細凹凸中への残存が多発したために、正規賦形において評価に値する物品を得ることができなかった。
18 金型
20 金型
38 活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物(X)(第1の硬化性樹脂)
39 活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物(Y)(第2の硬化性樹脂)
40 物品
42 フィルム(基材)
44 硬化樹脂層
46 突起(凸部;微細凹凸構造)
Claims (12)
- 下記の工程(I)および(II)を有する、微細凹凸構造を表面に有する物品の製造方法:
(I)金型表面離型処理用活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物を、微細凹凸構造を表面に有する金型と、基材との間に供給し、これに活性エネルギー線を照射して硬化させた後、前記金型の表面から前記活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物の硬化物とともに基材を剥離することによって、金型の表面を離型処理する工程;および
(II)前記工程(I)に引き続き、前記金型表面離型処理用活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物とは異なる賦形用活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物を、表面が離型処理された前記金型と、基材との間に供給し、これに活性エネルギー線を照射して硬化させた後、前記金型の表面から前記活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物の硬化物とともに基材を剥離することによって、金型の微細凹凸構造に対応した微細凹凸構造を表面に有する物品を得る工程。 - 前記工程(I)の前に前記金型を外部離型剤で処理する工程をさらに含む、請求項1記載の物品の製造方法。
- 前記金型表面離型処理用活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物が、
重合性化合物(A)と、
活性エネルギー線重合開始剤(B)と、
離型剤(C)とを含み、
積算光量1000mJ/cm2の活性エネルギー線を照射して活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物を硬化させた硬化物の23℃における押込み弾性率が、5~1000MPaである、請求項1記載の物品の製造方法。 - 前記金型表面離型処理用活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物が、
重合性化合物(A)と、
活性エネルギー線重合開始剤(B)と、
離型剤(C)とを含み、
積算光量1000mJ/cm2の活性エネルギー線を照射して活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物を硬化させた硬化物の23℃における押込み弾性率が、5~2000MPaである、請求項2記載の物品の製造方法。 - 前記離型剤(C)が、(ポリ)オキシアルキレンアルキルリン酸エステル化合物である、請求項3または4に記載の物品の製造方法。
- 前記離型剤(C)が、前記外部離型剤と異なる離型剤である、請求項4記載の物品の製造方法。
- 前記外部離型剤が、加水分解性シリル基を有するフッ素化合物である、請求項2記載の物品の製造方法。
- 請求項3または4に記載の金型表面離型処理用活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物を、微細凹凸構造を表面に有する金型の表面に供給し、これに活性エネルギー線を照射して硬化させた後、前記金型の表面から前記活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物の硬化物を剥離する、金型の離型処理方法。
- 請求項8に記載の離型処理方法によって表面が離型処理された、微細凹凸構造を表面に有する金型を用いて、前記微細凹凸構造に対応した微細凹凸構造を表面に有する物品を得る、物品の製造方法。
- 前記微細凹凸構造を表面に有する金型が、ロール状金型であり、前記ロール状金型の回転に同期して前記金型表面に沿って移動する帯状の基材との間に前記活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物を供給し、これに活性エネルギー線を照射して硬化させた後、前記金型の表面から前記活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物の硬化物とともに基材を剥離する、請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の物品の製造方法。
- 微細凹凸構造を表面に有する金型の表面を離型処理するための活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物であって、
重合性化合物(A)と、
活性エネルギー線重合開始剤(B)と、
離型剤(C)とを含み、
積算光量1000mJ/cm2の活性エネルギー線を照射して活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物を硬化させた硬化物の23℃における押込み弾性率が、5~1000MPaである、金型表面離型処理用活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物。 - 前記離型剤(C)が、(ポリ)オキシアルキレンアルキルリン酸エステル化合物である、請求項11に記載の金型表面離型処理用活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物。
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Also Published As
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CN102933374B (zh) | 2014-12-24 |
KR20130026450A (ko) | 2013-03-13 |
TW201210778A (en) | 2012-03-16 |
JPWO2011155499A1 (ja) | 2013-08-01 |
KR101490577B1 (ko) | 2015-02-05 |
CN102933374A (zh) | 2013-02-13 |
JP4990414B2 (ja) | 2012-08-01 |
TWI444279B (zh) | 2014-07-11 |
US20130075962A1 (en) | 2013-03-28 |
US9999994B2 (en) | 2018-06-19 |
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