WO2011155446A1 - カラー表示素子の製造方法、及びカラー表示素子 - Google Patents
カラー表示素子の製造方法、及びカラー表示素子 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011155446A1 WO2011155446A1 PCT/JP2011/062942 JP2011062942W WO2011155446A1 WO 2011155446 A1 WO2011155446 A1 WO 2011155446A1 JP 2011062942 W JP2011062942 W JP 2011062942W WO 2011155446 A1 WO2011155446 A1 WO 2011155446A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/165—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field
- G02F1/1675—Constructional details
- G02F1/1677—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. reflectors or illuminating devices
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/20—Filters
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/20—Filters
- G02B5/201—Filters in the form of arrays
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/165—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field
- G02F1/166—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect
- G02F1/167—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect by electrophoresis
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B33/00—Electroluminescent light sources
- H05B33/10—Apparatus or processes specially adapted to the manufacture of electroluminescent light sources
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F2201/00—Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00
- G02F2201/52—RGB geometrical arrangements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F2202/00—Materials and properties
- G02F2202/04—Materials and properties dye
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a display element, and more particularly, to an element configuration of a reflective color display and to an application of electronic paper.
- Electronic paper has been actively developed as an electronic medium to replace paper.
- the necessary characteristics of electronic paper for CRT and liquid crystal displays, which are conventional displays, are reflective display elements, have high white reflectance and high contrast ratio, and have a memory effect on display. It can be driven at a low voltage, it is thin and light, and it is inexpensive.
- the white reflectance / contrast ratio that is the same as that of paper is required as display characteristics.
- the conventional paper medium displays a full color as a matter of course, and there is a great demand for colorization of electronic paper.
- Patent Document 1 Patent Document 2, Patent Document 3, Patent Document 4, and the like disclose a reflective color display medium in which a color filter using an electrophoretic element is formed.
- the color filter having the black matrix or the colored pixels used in the conventional liquid crystal display is superposed, the brightness is deteriorated.
- Patent Document 1 when realizing a multicolor display element, the colored pixels are formed by the photolithography method as many times as the number of colored layers, so that the process cost and the colored resist are also used wastefully. become.
- the inkjet color filter manufacturing method is a method in which red, blue and green inks are simultaneously sprayed and applied to only the necessary pixels to form the pixels, and the pixels are formed in advance.
- a method has been proposed in which partition walls are formed and ink is ejected onto the pixel portion (Patent Documents 5 and 6).
- Patent Document 7 has an example in which color mixing is avoided when the static contact angle between the ink and the partition wall surface is 30 to 65 °. is there. This method reduces the process cost and the colored resist as compared with the photolithography method described above.
- Patent Document 8 means for forming a colored layer without forming a partition in the production of an ink jet color filter has been proposed.
- this means is that a black matrix layer is formed in advance on the base, and that this region has been divided, and the black matrix is not required in the electronic paper which is a reflective display element. .
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-described state of the art, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a conventional monochrome electronic paper system as a color display element easily and inexpensively without reducing the brightness.
- the present inventors have colored the color display element by minimizing the area that needs to be colored and forming a colored area by an inkjet method as the means. It has been found that the amount of ink used can be suppressed to the required amount, and that the decrease in brightness can be suppressed by making the others uncolored or transparent. This is because the color filter used in the conventional active liquid crystal display needs to be provided with a black matrix exclusively for the purpose of shielding the thin film transistor (TFT) provided on one of the opposing substrates. In the case of electrophoretic electronic paper, the black or white particles cover the entire surface of the counter substrate, so that light does not reach the opposing TFT from the viewing side. It is unnecessary.
- TFT thin film transistor
- the present invention provides a multicolor display panel (element) in which a display body including particles that move or rotate by application of an electric field is disposed between a pair of substrates, on at least one transparent substrate of the pair of substrates.
- a color display element having a color filter in which a colored region including three colors of blue, green, and red is formed.
- the gist of the present invention is as follows. (1) In a color display element in which a white and black charged display body is enclosed between a pair of counter substrates having electrodes, and a color filter is provided on one side of the counter substrate, The color filter provided on the viewing side is characterized in that, first, at least three colored regions of blue, green, and red are each formed by an inkjet method on a transparent support substrate, and other than the colored region is made uncolored or transparent. A method for manufacturing a color display element.
- the color ink is imparted with ultraviolet curability, coated on a transparent support substrate by an ink jet method, and at least UV exposed after drying (1)
- One of the counter substrates is a drive-side substrate in which pixel electrodes are formed in a predetermined pattern, has a colored region at a position where the pixel electrodes are projected on the transparent support substrate side, and is 90% with respect to the pixel electrodes.
- a reflective color display element obtained by the manufacturing method according to any one of (1) to (3), having a color filter, and capable of arbitrarily switching between white particles charged in microcapsules and a black state. .
- the display body can be, for example, a microcapsule in which electrophoretic particles are dispersed and enclosed in a dispersion medium.
- the particle size of the microcapsules is preferably about 1 to 1,000 ⁇ m, and usually several tens of ⁇ m. Black particles and white particles in the microcapsule are charged, and these are sandwiched between substrates having a pair of transparent electrodes, and a monochrome display is performed by applying an electric field (FIG. 1). That is, this color display element includes a driving side substrate 3 in which driving electrodes 2 connected to a pixel switch 1 such as a thin film transistor (TFT) are formed in a predetermined pattern, and a conductive layer 4 such as ITO glass.
- TFT thin film transistor
- a transparent substrate 5 is provided, and microcapsules 9 are disposed between these substrates.
- a display body 10 composed of white particles 6 and black particles 7 charged to different charges is dispersed with a transparent dispersion medium 8 and enclosed.
- the display medium may be formed of rotating particles that have white and black surface regions and in which the respective color regions are charged with different charges.
- a colored region 13 is formed by ink jetting on a transparent support substrate 12 made of a transparent film, glass, or the like, so that a partition wall that is a base for ink reception as in the past is used.
- the color filter can be formed at a low cost by further reducing the amount of color ink used.
- a commercially available film can be used as the transparent film, and examples thereof include a polycarbonate film, a PET film, and a COP film.
- the ink jet ink that provides the droplets forming the colored region 13 a known material is selected as a constituent component as long as it has insulating characteristics after the droplet drying and can be stably and continuously discharged from the ink jet head, and will be described later. It can be used by adjusting to appropriate physical properties.
- ink jet heads of general piezoelectric elements ink physical properties for stably forming droplets vary depending on the head configuration, but the viscosity at the temperature inside the head is 3 mPa ⁇ sec to 150 mPa ⁇ sec, preferably 4 mPa ⁇ sec to 30 mPa ⁇ sec. If it is larger than this, it becomes impossible to discharge, and if it is lower, the discharge amount is not stable.
- the surface tension is 20 mN / m to 40 mN / m at the temperature inside the head. If it is larger than this, it becomes impossible to discharge droplets at the start of coating, and if it is lower, the appropriate amount of liquid at the time of continuous discharge is not stable.
- the temperature inside the head depends on the material stability, but it is used at room temperature of 20 ° C to 45 ° C. In order to increase the solid content in the ink and improve the film thickness, a temperature of about 35 to 45 ° C. is sometimes preferred.
- the colored region is colored with at least three colors of blue, green and red according to the region where the counter pixel electrode 2 is formed on the driving side substrate 3. Further, for the purpose of expanding the color reproducibility region and improving the brightness, it is possible to form yellow, cyan, transparent regions and the like. In the production of such a multicolor filter, the ink jet method is advantageous in that the developing step is omitted as compared with the photo.
- the area of the colored region 13 forming the color filter pixel portion is made smaller than the area of the pixel opening corresponding to the pixel electrode 2 in the opposite substrate.
- FIG. 2 the pixel opening has a lattice unit formed by the wiring 16 surrounding the pixel electrode 2 connected to the pixel switch (TFT) 1 as one pixel unit. 2 is equal to a region where charged particles constituting the display body move by application of an electric field.
- the colored region 13 on the color filter side is formed so as to correspond to the region, and the area of the pixel electrode 2 is increased. It is preferable to make it smaller. More preferably, a colored region is formed at a position where the pixel electrode 2 is projected on the transparent support substrate side, and the colored region is formed at an area ratio of 90% or less with respect to the pixel electrode 2.
- this common region may be considered as a pixel opening. That is, the color region 13 on the color filter side is preferably 90% or less with respect to the area of the pixel opening.
- the ratio of the area occupied by the colored region for the purpose of expressing the desired color characteristics, regardless of whether it is a pixel electrode or a pixel opening. is preferably 30% or more, more preferably 40% or more.
- a 0 as a guide. That is, when S is larger than a 0 , a plurality of liquid droplets can be drawn in one colored region, and the liquid droplets can be overlapped, isolated or combined.
- the state of coalescence varies depending on the landing time difference between the liquid droplets, but the ink jet drawing method is not limited to the method described here. Absent.
- a known material can be selected as a constituent component as long as the droplet can be stably and continuously ejected from the ink jet head, and adjusted so as to have proper ink properties as described later.
- Can be used in As such a component a resin curable by ultraviolet rays or heat was mainly dissolved in a non-colored solvent having a boiling point of 200 ° C. suitable for continuous ink jetting, and further dispersed and stabilized as a colored component to 100 nm or less.
- Organic pigments are preferably used.
- the coloring pattern formed by the colored region on the color filter is not particularly limited, and a suitable shape can be used as appropriate.
- a suitable shape can be used as appropriate.
- three types of patterns may be repeatedly arranged, an L-shaped array, a triangular array, a mosaic array, or a random array. It may be an array.
- a transparent pattern can be included together with a plurality of colored patterns.
- the inkjet method has a feature that various patterns can be selected without developing a photomask.
- non-colored means that a colored pattern is not formed on the transparent support substrate.
- printing is not performed by the ink jet method, and that the area other than the colored region is transparent means that a transparent pixel (on the display side) using colored ink containing no pigment or containing a colorless pigment is used. (Corresponding to white) is formed by an inkjet method.
- the following means are effective during material and coating.
- (1) In order to make the colored ink ejected by the ink jet method spread uniformly at any place on the transparent support substrate, cleaning or surface treatment is performed to make the manifestation of the transparent support substrate uniform. It is preferable to do so.
- (2) It is preferable that the transparent support substrate is heated so that the evaporated component in the colored ink is vaporized immediately after landing of the droplet so that the droplet does not spread.
- it is preferable to impart ultraviolet curability to the colored ink apply at least ultraviolet exposure after inkjet coating and drying on the transparent support substrate, and prevent the pattern region from expanding in the subsequent heat treatment step.
- the transparent support substrate is washed or surface-treated so that the contact angle between the colored ink and the support substrate becomes uniform.
- cleaning with a known alkaline detergent, atmospheric pressure plasma method, corona discharge, ultraviolet treatment, fluorinated ink repellent is applied in advance, or silane coupling agent treatment. This is because the ink landed on the support substrate is in a liquid state, the contact angle is determined by its surface tension and wettability with the substrate, and the spreading diameter is determined by the appropriate amount of liquid.
- the transparent support substrate is heated, and the evaporated component in the colored ink is vaporized immediately after landing of the droplet so that the droplet does not spread.
- a method is also preferred.
- the transparent support substrate is an organic film such as PET or PC
- a hard coat layer applied for the purpose of imparting a function may be used for wettability control with the colored ink.
- a color filter with a uniform color filter by imparting UV curability to the colored ink, applying inkjet coating on the transparent support substrate, performing at least UV exposure after drying, and preventing the pattern area from expanding in the subsequent heat treatment process. It is effective to get.
- Known means can be applied as means for imparting ultraviolet curability to the colored ink. For example, a method of containing a liquid acrylic monomer and a photoinitiator and curing with ultraviolet rays.
- a color filter is obtained without forming anything in the area other than the colored area (including the case where the transparent area is formed with a transparent ink not containing a pigment by an inkjet method for the purpose of forming transparent pixels). Is pasted together with an adhesive or the like on a transparent substrate located on the viewing side of the counter substrate. Furthermore, for the color filter formed in this way, a transparent overcoat layer may be provided in advance for the purpose of flattening the colored region.
- the operating principle of the color display element of the present invention is as follows, for example. That is, microcapsules in which white electrophoretic particles and black electrophoretic particles are dispersed and encapsulated in a transparent dispersion medium between a pair of substrates provided with a color filter on at least one side, or rotating particles having white and black surface regions
- the white area of the white electrophoretic particles or rotating particles is negatively charged when an electric field in the direction in which the color filter side is positive is applied to the electrophoretic particles or rotating particles. It moves to the filter side or changes its direction by rotation, and light from the observation side is reflected by it and transmitted through the opposite colored pattern to display the color of the colored pattern.
- the color display element of the present invention configured as described above, it is possible to realize a bright color electronic paper. In addition, when manufacturing color filters, it contributes to reducing the number of processes and material consumption.
- an organic film for the transparent support substrate, it contributes to reducing the weight and thickness of electronic paper.
- it can be expected as a simple colorizing means simply by pasting the present color filter film on a conventional monochrome electronic paper.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view (a part) showing an example of the color display element of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view for explaining the state of the driving-side substrate having the TFT among the opposing substrates in the color display element.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating the drawing pitch of the colored ink that forms the colored region in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the drawing position and shape of the colored ink forming the colored region in Examples 5 to 8.
- FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing a state in which the diameter and height of each droplet obtained by baking at 140 ° C. for 30 minutes after baking in Example 1 were measured.
- the ink viscosity was measured at 23 ° C. using an E-type viscometer.
- the ink surface tension was measured at 23 ° C. using CBVP-Z (manufactured by Kyowa Interface Science) by the buoyancy method using a platinum plate.
- the surface shape and size of the colored pixels described below were measured using an optical microscope for the state of filling immediately after drawing, and the shape was measured using an optical interference type surface shape measuring instrument WYCO NT 1100 (manufactured by Biko Japan). .
- the size of one pixel was set to 151 ⁇ m ⁇ 153 ⁇ m, and a color filter corresponding to a 6-inch panel of 600 ⁇ 800 pixels was produced.
- These color filters were attached to the transparent substrate side of an electrophoretic monochrome display electronic book Kindle (Amazon D701) using microcapsules to obtain a color display element.
- the size (pixel opening size) of the pixel electrode 2 of the TFT substrate used on the driving side among the pair of counter substrates is 131 ⁇ m ⁇ 133 ⁇ m.
- Example 1 Using Konica Minolta's inkjet head KM512L (equipped with 42 pl ejectable nozzle 512 holes), the above-mentioned colored inkjet inks R1, G1, and B1 are used as transparent support substrates for Toyobo's inkjet PET film (model number GT701 # 130). 3) A colored region was obtained by drawing at a pitch as shown in FIG. 3 above, and a 6-inch size color filter was produced. After drawing, the film was dried on a hot plate at 80 ° C. for 3 minutes, exposed to 1500 mJ (I-line standard) with an ultraviolet exposure machine, and further baked at 140 ° C. for 30 minutes. The diameter and height of each droplet in the process were measured. Overlapping of the three colors was not observed at all, and a convex shape was shown as shown in Table 3, and the area of the colored region was 90% or less with respect to the pixel electrode of the TFT substrate.
- Example 2 and Example 3 Each color ink was drawn twice at the same position so as to overlap with the same dot position as in Example 1 (Example 2), or three drops were drawn by drawing three times (Example) A color filter was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except for 3) (Table 4). Each color showed a convex shape without overlapping, and it was found that the height increased as the number of drops increased. Further, the area of the colored region was 90% or less with respect to the pixel electrode of the TFT substrate.
- Example 4 A 6-inch size color filter was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a 0.7 mm-thick alkali-free glass plate (Asahi Glass AN-100) was used as the transparent support substrate (Table 5). It was found that colored pixels were formed without any color overlapping. Further, the area of the colored region was 90% or less with respect to the pixel electrode of the TFT substrate.
- Example 5 Using Konica Minolta's inkjet head KM216 (equipped with a 15 pl ejectable nozzle 216 holes), the above-mentioned colored inkjet inks R2, G2, and B2 were used as transparent support substrates for Toyobo's inkjet PET film (model number GT701 # 130) ) When drawn independently on each drop, the spread diameter was 65-70 ⁇ m. As drawing conditions, simultaneous printing of three colors was performed under the following conditions. No non-ejection from the nozzles was observed during printing, and good continuous ejection characteristics were exhibited. Jet speed: 4.1 m / sec Print speed: 305 mm / sec Drop volume: 15 pl / drop.
- Table 6 shows the photomicrograph image of the color filter obtained, the surface profile by the optical interference method, and the size and height of the obtained colored pixels. The pixels in each color were independent without merging. In addition, as shown in Table 7, the size of one colored pixel was 90% or less with respect to the pixel electrode of the TFT substrate.
- Example 6 As shown in FIG. 4, in Example 6, the colored region in one pixel is drawn with the numbers 1 and 2 shown in FIG. Drops were drawn for the third time (number 3), that is, with a total of 5 drops. In Example 7, the same drawing pattern as in Example 6 was repeated, but by repeating twice, the total number of droplets was 6 and the total number of droplets was changed to 1 color pixel with 6 droplets. On the other hand, for Example 8, one drop was drawn at a pitch of 302 ⁇ m in the drawing direction, and drawing was repeated three times at the same position. Subsequently, the drawing is shifted by 42 ⁇ m in the Y direction, and the drawing is performed at the same pitch for a total of three times.
- the drawing is shifted by 45 ⁇ m in the X direction and is drawn three times at the same position. Draw three times. That is, one colored pixel was formed by drawing 12 times and 12 drops. The arrangement of each color was as shown in FIG. In the color filter formed in this way, the colored pixels in the respective colors are independent without being combined. In addition, the area of the colored region, which is the size of one colored pixel, was 90% or less with respect to the pixel electrode of the TFT substrate.
- Example 9 Using the color filters obtained in Examples 1 to 8 above, one pixel pitch is 151 ⁇ m ⁇ 153 ⁇ m (TFT substrate pixel electrode size is 131 ⁇ m ⁇ 133 ⁇ m), 600 ⁇ 800 pixel 6 inch electronic paper panel is acrylic transparent A color display element was produced by pasting via an adhesive. When the pixels of each color were turned on, no color mixing between the colored pixels was observed. In addition, the reflectance of the color display elements exceeded 60% compared to when the monochrome display before attaching the color filter was 100%, confirming that a bright panel was obtained.
- a resin black matrix is formed on a non-alkali glass with a thickness of 0.7 mm so that each colored portion is 131 ⁇ m ⁇ 133 ⁇ m by a photolithographic method, and the same red, green, blue, and white colored pattern as in FIG. 1 is obtained. Created.
- the film thickness of the black matrix at that time is 2 ⁇ m, the optical density OD is 4, and it has surface ink repellency.
- This resin black matrix is filled with R2, G2, B2 ink and photosensitive transparent resin ink in the same coloring pattern as in Fig. 1 by inkjet, and a 6-inch color filter with a cured film thickness of 1.8 ⁇ m. Was made.
- This color filter was attached to a 6-inch electronic paper panel with a pixel size of 151 ⁇ m ⁇ 153 ⁇ m (TFT substrate pixel electrode size: 131 ⁇ m ⁇ 133 ⁇ m) and 600 ⁇ 800 pixels, thereby producing a color display element.
- TFT substrate pixel electrode size: 131 ⁇ m ⁇ 133 ⁇ m 600 ⁇ 800 pixels
- a color display element was created by pasting this film color filter on a 6-inch electronic paper panel with a pixel pitch of 151 ⁇ m ⁇ 153 ⁇ m (TFT substrate pixel electrode size 131 ⁇ m ⁇ 133 ⁇ m) and 600 ⁇ 800 pixels. When the pixels of each color were turned on, color mixing between some colored pixels was observed.
- Pixel switch 2 Pixel electrode 3: Driving side substrate 4: Conductive layer 5: Transparent substrate 6: White particles 7: Black particles 8: Dispersion medium 9: Microcapsule 10: Display medium 11: Color filter 12: Base material 13 : Partition wall 14: pixel region 15: colored layer 16: wiring
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Abstract
Description
(1)電極を有する一対の対向基板の間に、白色及び黒色を有して帯電した表示体が封入され、対向基板の一方の側にカラーフィルターを備えたカラー表示素子において、
視認側に設けるカラーフィルターが、透明支持基板上に、先ず、少なくともブルー、グリーン、レッドの3色の着色領域をそれぞれインクジェット法で形成し、着色領域以外を無着色または透明とすることを特徴とするカラー表示素子の製造方法。
(2)インクジェット法で着色領域を形成する際に、着色インキに紫外線硬化性を付与し、透明支持基板上にインクジェット法により塗工し、乾燥後に少なくとも紫外線露光を行うことを特徴とする(1)記載のカラー表示素子の製造方法。
(3)対向基板のひとつは画素電極が所定のパターンで形成された駆動側基板であり、画素電極を透明支持基板側に投影した位置に着色領域を有し、かつ、画素電極に対して90%以下の面積割合で着色領域が形成されることを特徴とする(1)記載のカラー表示素子の製造方法。
(4)上記(1)~(3)のいずれかに記載の製造方法で得られて、カラーフィルターを有し、マイクロカプセル中で帯電した白色粒子と黒色状態が任意に切り替わる反射型カラー表示素子。
(5)カラーフィルターにおける透明支持基板が透明フィルムからなる(4)記載のカラー表示素子。
表1に示すカラーフィルター用微細顔料を用いて高分子分散剤を共存下、ジエチレングリコールモノエチルエーテルアセテートを溶媒としてビーズミル中で分散を行い、レッド、グリーンならびにブルーの分散液を調製した。この分散液を元に表1に示す組成で混合し、これを1μmマイクロフィルターによって加圧ろ過を行い、各種着色インクジェットインキを調製した。物性値をあわせて表1に示す。
表2に示すカラーフィルター用微細顔料を用いて高分子分散剤を共存下、ジエチレングリコールモノエチルエーテルアセテートを溶媒としてビーズミル中で分散を行い、レッド、グリーンならびにブルーの分散液を調製した。この分散液を元に表2に示す組成で混合し、これを1μmマイクロフィルターによって加圧ろ過を行い、各種着色インクジェットインキを調製した。物性値をあわせて表2に示す。
「PET30」:テトラメチロールプロパントリアクリレート(日本化薬製)
「EGDAC」:ジエチレングリコールモノエチルエーテルアセテート(ダイセル化学工業製)
「KMB‐5103」:3-アクリロキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン(信越化学工業製)
「Irgcure907」:2-メチルー1-〔4-(メチルチオ)フェニル〕-2-モルフォリノプロパン-1-オン(チバジャパン製)
「BYK-330」:ポリエーテル変性ポリジメチルシロキサン系界面活性剤(ビッグへミー社製)
「PGMEA」:プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセテート
「DPHA」:ジペンタエリストールプロパンヘキサアクリレートとペンタアクリレートの混合物(日本化薬製)
「YX4000HK」:テトラメチルジフェニルエポキシ樹脂(ジャパンエポキシレジン社製)
「S510」:3-グリシドキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン(チッソ社製 サイラエースS-510)
「PR254」:ピグメントレッド254
「PY150」:ピグメントイエロー150
「PG36/PY150=50/50」:ピグメントグリーン36とピグメントイエロー150との共分散
「PB15:6」:ピグメントブルー15:6
コニカミノルタ製インクジェットヘッドKM512L(42pl吐出可能なノズル512穴を装着)を用いて、前述の着色インクジェットインキR1,G1,B1を、透明支持基板である東洋紡績製インクジェット用PETフィルム(型番GT701♯130)上に図3に示すようなピッチで描画して着色領域を得て、6インチサイズのカラーフィルターを作製した。描画後、ホットプレート上で80℃にて3分間乾燥を行い、紫外線露光機にて1500mJ(I線基準)露光、さらに140℃にて30分間焼成した。処理過程における各液滴の直径並びに高さを測定した。3色の重なりは全く見られず、表3に示すように凸形状を示し、着色領域の面積はTFT基板の画素電極に対して何れも90%以下となった。
実施例1と同じ打点位置に重なるように、それぞれの着色インキを同じ位置に2回描画することで2滴ずつ(実施例2)、もしくは3回描画することで3滴ずつ描画した(実施例3)以外は実施例1と同様にしてカラーフィルターを作製した(表4)。何れの色も重なることなく、凸形状を示しており、滴数増加に伴って高さが高くなっていくことがわかった。また、着色領域の面積はTFT基板の画素電極に対して何れも90%以下となった。
透明支持基板として0.7mm厚みの無アルカリガラス板(旭硝子製AN-100)を用いた以外は実施例1と同様にして、6インチサイズのカラーフィルターを作製した(表5)。何れの色も重なることなく、着色画素を形成していることがわかった。また、着色領域の面積はTFT基板の画素電極に対して何れも90%以下となった。
コニカミノルタ製インクジェットヘッドKM216(15pl吐出可能なノズル216穴を装着)を用いて、前述の着色インクジェットインキR2,G2,B2を、透明支持基板である東洋紡績製インクジェット用PETフィルム(型番GT701♯130)上に1滴ずつ独立に描画したところ、その拡がり直径は65~70μmであった。描画条件は、以下の条件にて3色の同時印刷を行った。印刷時においてノズルからの不吐出は見られず、良好な連続吐出特性を示すものであった。
ジェットスピード:4.1m/秒
プリントスピード:305mm/秒
液滴体積;15pl/滴。
図4に示したように、実施例6については1画素内の着色領域を、実施例5と同様にして図4に示される番号1及び2の描画を行い、更に4滴の重心部分に1滴を3回目で描画し(番号3)、即ち合計5滴で描画した。実施例7については、実施例6と同じ描画パターンであるが2回繰り返すことで、描画総回数6回で液滴総数を6滴で1着色画素とした。一方、実施例8については、1滴を描画方向に302μmピッチで描画し、さらに同位置に合計3回描画を繰り返した。引き続き、描画Y方向に42μmずらして、同様なピッチで同位置に合計3回描画、更に1回目の描画よりX方向に45μmずらして同位置に3回描画し、続いて描画Y方向に45μmずらして3回描画を行った。即ち、12回の描画、12滴でもって1着色画素を形成した。なお、各色の配置は図3のようにした。このように形成したカラーフィルターにおいて、各色における着色画素は合体することなく独立していた。また、1着色画素の大きさである着色領域の面積はTFT基板の画素電極に対して何れも90%以下となった。
上記実施例1~8で得られたカラーフィルターを用いて、1画素のピッチ151μm×153μm(TFT基板の画素電極サイズは131μm×133μm)、600×800画素の6インチ電子ペーパーパネルにアクリル系透明粘着剤を介して貼り付けることで、カラー表示素子を作製した。各色の画素を点灯したところ、着色画素間の混色は見られなかった。また、カラーフィルターを貼り付ける前のモノクロ表示時を100%としたときに比較して、カラー表示素子の反射率は何れも60%を超え、明るいパネルが得られたことを確認した。
0.7mm厚みの無アルカリガラス上に、フォトリソグラフ法により各着色部が131μm×133μmであって、図1と同様なレッド、グリーン、ブルー、ホワイトの着色パターンが得られるように、樹脂ブラックマトリックスを作成した。そのときのブラックマトリックスの膜厚は2μmであり、光学濃度ODは4、表面撥インキ性を有するものである。この樹脂ブラックマトリックス内に図1と同様な着色パターンで、R2、G2、B2インキならびに感光性透明樹脂インキをインクジェットでもって充填し、硬化後の膜厚が1.8μmとなるような6インチカラーフィルターを作製した。
東洋紡績製ペットフィルムA4100(125μm厚)を7インチサイズにカットし、ガラス基板上に貼り付け、フォトリソグラフ法により透明な感光性樹脂組成物により、着色領域が131μm×133μmとなるように膜厚2μmの透明隔壁を形成した。感光性樹脂組成物は含フッ素オリゴマーを構成成分とするものであるため、得られた隔壁の表面は撥インキ性を有している。この隔壁内に比較例1と同様にしてR2、G2、B2インキの感光性透明樹脂インキをインクジェットでもって充填し、硬化後の膜厚が1.8μmとなるような6インチカラーフィルターを作製した。
2:画素電極
3:駆動側基板
4:導電層
5:透明基板
6:白色粒子
7:黒色粒子
8:分散媒
9:マイクロカプセル
10:表示媒体
11:カラーフィルター
12:基材
13:隔壁
14:画素領域
15:着色層
16:配線
Claims (5)
- 電極を有する一対の対向基板の間に、白色及び黒色を有して帯電した表示体が封入され、対向基板の一方の側にカラーフィルターを備えたカラー表示素子において、
視認側に設けるカラーフィルターが、透明支持基板上に、先ず、少なくともブルー、グリーン、レッドの3色の着色領域をそれぞれインクジェット法で形成し、着色領域以外を無着色または透明とすることを特徴とするカラー表示素子の製造方法。 - インクジェット法で着色領域を形成する際に、着色インキに紫外線硬化性を付与し、透明支持基板上にインクジェット法により塗工し、乾燥後に少なくとも紫外線露光を行うことを特徴とする請求項1記載のカラー表示素子の製造方法。
- 対向基板のひとつは画素電極が所定のパターンで形成された駆動側基板であり、画素電極を透明支持基板側に投影した位置に着色領域を有し、かつ、画素電極に対して90%以下の面積割合で着色領域が形成されることを特徴とする請求項1記載のカラー表示素子の製造方法。
- 請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の製造方法で得られて、カラーフィルターを有し、マイクロカプセル中で帯電した白色粒子と黒色状態が任意に切り替わる反射型カラー表示素子。
- カラーフィルターにおける透明支持基板が透明フィルムからなる請求4記載のカラー表示素子。
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