WO2011145220A1 - 摺動部材用高力黄銅合金および摺動部材 - Google Patents
摺動部材用高力黄銅合金および摺動部材 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011145220A1 WO2011145220A1 PCT/JP2010/058667 JP2010058667W WO2011145220A1 WO 2011145220 A1 WO2011145220 A1 WO 2011145220A1 JP 2010058667 W JP2010058667 W JP 2010058667W WO 2011145220 A1 WO2011145220 A1 WO 2011145220A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- phase
- sliding member
- strength brass
- brass alloy
- sliding
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
- F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
- F16C33/12—Structural composition; Use of special materials or surface treatments, e.g. for rust-proofing
- F16C33/121—Use of special materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
- C22C9/04—Alloys based on copper with zinc as the next major constituent
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
- F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
- F16C33/10—Construction relative to lubrication
- F16C33/1095—Construction relative to lubrication with solids as lubricant, e.g. dry coatings, powder
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
- F16C33/24—Brasses; Bushes; Linings with different areas of the sliding surface consisting of different materials
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2202/00—Solid materials defined by their properties
- F16C2202/02—Mechanical properties
- F16C2202/04—Hardness
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2204/00—Metallic materials; Alloys
- F16C2204/10—Alloys based on copper
- F16C2204/14—Alloys based on copper with zinc as the next major constituent
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2204/00—Metallic materials; Alloys
- F16C2204/50—Alloys based on zinc
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a high-strength brass alloy having excellent wear resistance, and in particular, a high-strength brass alloy suitable for use in sliding member applications such as a slide bearing and a sliding plate, and a slide using the high-strength brass alloy.
- the present invention relates to a moving member.
- high-strength brass alloys used for sliding applications such as bearings include high-strength brass castings 1 to 4 specified in Japanese Industrial Standard JISH5120 (see Non-Patent Document 1). These high-strength brass alloys have improved seawater resistance, toughness, wear resistance, and hardness by adding elements such as Al, Fe, and Mn to Cu-Zn alloys. It is widely used for sliding applications such as used synchronizer rings, gears for general machines, and bearings.
- various matrix phases such as ⁇ phase, ⁇ phase, ⁇ + ⁇ phase, and ⁇ phase appear according to the zinc equivalent of the additive element.
- the high-strength brass alloy in which the ⁇ phase appears is excellent in toughness but low in hardness, and therefore, when used in sliding applications, it tends to cause abrasive wear.
- a ⁇ phase appears, and when the zinc equivalent is further increased, a ⁇ phase is exhibited.
- a high-strength brass alloy in which the ⁇ phase has appeared has the advantage that the hardness is increased and the wear resistance is improved, but the toughness is remarkably lowered and the impact resistance is lowered.
- a high-strength brass alloy in which manganese silicide based intermetallic compounds such as Mn 5 Si 3 are dispersed in the parent phase For example, see Patent Document 1 and high-strength brass alloys (see, for example, Patent Document 2 and Patent Document 3) in which an intermetallic compound composed of an Fe—Mn—Si intermetallic compound is dispersed in a matrix. ing.
- the present inventors have focused on Cr as an element that improves corrosion resistance and generates an intermetallic compound between Fe and Si in the components of a high-strength brass alloy.
- a high-strength brass alloy to which Cr is added at a predetermined ratio confirms that the parent phase maintains a single-phase structure of the ⁇ phase and that the Fe—Cr—Si intermetallic compound is dispersed and precipitated in the ⁇ phase. It has been found that the corrosion resistance and wear resistance of a high-strength brass alloy can be further improved.
- the present invention has been made on the basis of the above findings, and the object of the present invention is to maintain a single-phase structure of the ⁇ phase of the parent phase and a structure in which the Fe—Cr—Si intermetallic compound is dispersed in the ⁇ phase.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a high-strength brass alloy for a sliding member having excellent wear resistance and a sliding member using the high-strength brass alloy.
- the high-strength brass alloy for sliding members of the present invention for achieving the above object is (1) By mass ratio, Zn in the range of 17% to 28%, Al in the range of 3% to 10%, Fe in the range of 1% to 3%, 0.1% to 4% Cr in the following range, Si in the range of 0.5% or more and 2% or less, the balance is made of Cu and inevitable impurities, (2)
- the matrix is characterized by exhibiting a ⁇ -phase single phase structure and a structure in which an Fe—Cr—Si intermetallic compound is dispersed in the ⁇ phase.
- the sliding member of the present invention for achieving the above object is (3)
- a plurality of holes or grooves are formed on at least an inner peripheral surface as a sliding surface of a cylindrical body made of the high-strength brass alloy for sliding members according to (1) and (2).
- a solid lubricant such as graphite is embedded and fixed in the groove.
- the other sliding member of the present invention for achieving the above object is: (4) A plurality of holes, grooves or recesses are formed on the surface as the sliding surface of the plate-like body made of the high strength brass alloy for sliding portion seats described in (1) and (2) above. A solid lubricant such as graphite is embedded and fixed in the hole, groove, or recess.
- the area ratio which the solid lubricant occupies in the internal peripheral surface or surface as said sliding surface exists in the range of 10% or more and 40% or less.
- the matrix phase exhibits a ⁇ phase single phase structure
- the ⁇ phase exhibits a structure in which a hard Fe—Cr—Si intermetallic compound is dispersed.
- the high-strength brass alloy for sliding members of the present invention is, by mass ratio, Zn: 17 to 28%, Al: 3 to 10%, Fe: 1 to 4%, Cr: 0.1 to 4%, Si: 0 .5 to 3%, the balance being Cu and inevitable impurities.
- Zn 17 to 28%
- Al 3 to 10%
- Fe 1 to 4%
- Cr 0.1 to 4%
- Si 0 .5 to 3%
- the balance being Cu and inevitable impurities.
- Zn is an element that determines the structure of the parent phase as well as imparts strength, wear resistance, impact resistance and corrosion resistance to the lubricating oil of the parent phase.
- phases such as ⁇ phase, ⁇ phase, and ⁇ phase appear in the matrix structure.
- the amount of Zn added differs depending on the zinc equivalent of the other additive elements and the amount added, but if the amount added is less than 17% by mass, an ⁇ phase appears in the structure of the parent phase and the wear resistance deteriorates. If the amount exceeds 28% by mass, a ⁇ phase appears in the matrix structure and the alloy becomes brittle. Therefore, the added amount of Zn is 17 to 28% by mass.
- Al is an element that promotes the formation of ⁇ phase and is effective in strengthening the matrix and increasing the hardness. Like Si, it has a large zinc equivalent and promotes the formation of a ⁇ phase structure. In addition to being able to obtain sufficient hardness necessary for the properties, the matrix phase cannot be sufficiently strengthened, and a ⁇ -phase structure added in excess of 10% by mass is formed and the alloy becomes brittle. Therefore, the amount of Al added is 3 to 10% by mass, preferably 4 to 6% by mass.
- Fe combines with Si and Cr, which will be described later, to precipitate hard Fe—Cr—Si intermetallic compounds, thereby improving wear resistance. If the addition amount is less than 1% by mass, the precipitation amount of the Fe—Cr—Si intermetallic compound is small and the effect of improving the wear resistance is not sufficiently exhibited, and the refinement of the alloy structure is impaired and the mechanical properties are reduced. There is a risk of lowering. On the other hand, if it exceeds 4% by mass, the amount of Fe—Cr—Si intermetallic compound deposited increases, and the wear resistance decreases. Therefore, the added amount of Fe is 1 to 4% by mass.
- the addition amount of Cr combines with the above-described Fe and Si described later to precipitate a hard Fe—Cr—Si intermetallic compound and contributes to improvement of wear resistance. If the addition amount is less than 0.1% by mass, it does not contribute to the improvement of wear resistance, and if it exceeds 4% by mass, it may cause deterioration of machinability and castability. Therefore, the addition amount of Cr is 0.1 to 4% by mass.
- Si combines with the Fe and Cr to precipitate a hard Fe—Cr—Si intermetallic compound and contributes to improvement of wear resistance. If the addition amount is less than 0.5% by mass, it does not contribute to the improvement of the wear resistance, and if it exceeds 3% by mass, the ⁇ phase may appear and the wear resistance may be deteriorated. Therefore, the addition amount of Si is 0.5 to 3% by mass.
- the high-strength brass alloy of the present invention is cast into a plate shape to form a plate-like body, and one surface of the plate-like body is used as a sliding surface to form a plurality of holes or grooves on the surface.
- a solid lubricant embedded sliding member in which a solid lubricant such as graphite is embedded and fixed in the groove can be obtained.
- FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a sliding member (sliding plate) 1 in the form of a plate using the high-strength brass alloy of the present invention.
- a plurality of recesses 4 that are recessed in the thickness direction are formed on one surface (sliding surface) of the high strength brass alloy sliding member base 2.
- the recesses 4 are formed so that the total area of the openings in the area of the surface of the sliding member base 2 is 10 to 40%.
- the concave portion 4 is filled and held with a solid lubricant 5 such as graphite. In order to make the wear resistance of the base 2 and the solid lubricant 5 good, the area of the surface 3 of the sliding member base 2 is reduced.
- At least 10% of the total area of the openings of the recessed portions 4 is required. However, if the total area of the openings of the recesses 4 occupying the area of the surface of the sliding member base 2 exceeds 40%, the strength of the sliding member base 2 is reduced.
- the concave portion 4 is filled and held with a solid lubricant 5 such as graphite.
- a solid lubricant 5 such as graphite.
- the total area of the surface of the sliding member base 2 is set. At least 10% of the total area of the openings of the recessed portions 4 is required. However, if the total area of the openings of the recesses 4 occupying the area of the surface of the sliding member base 2 exceeds 40%, the strength of the sliding member base 2 is lowered.
- the recess 4 is formed by drilling or cutting using a drill or end mill, but may be formed by other means.
- the solid lubricant 5 filled and held in the plurality of recesses 4 formed on the surface of the sliding member base 2 is such that adjacent solid lubricants 5 overlap each other in one direction or two orthogonal directions (overlap: over). It is preferable that they are arranged so as to have a lap margin ⁇ ).
- FIG. 1 shows an example in which adjacent solid lubricants 5 filled and held in a plurality of recesses 4 formed on the surface of a sliding member base 2 are arranged so as to overlap each other in two orthogonal directions.
- the high-strength brass alloy of the present invention is cast into a cylindrical shape to form a cylindrical body, and a plurality of holes or grooves are formed on at least an inner peripheral surface as a sliding surface of the cylindrical body.
- a solid lubricant embedded sliding member in which a solid lubricant such as graphite is embedded and fixed in the groove can be obtained.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a sliding member (cylindrical bearing) 1a in the form of a cylindrical bush using the high-strength brass alloy of the present invention.
- a sliding member (cylindrical bearing) 1a in the form of a cylindrical bush using the high-strength brass alloy of the present invention.
- On the inner peripheral surface (sliding surface) 3a of the sliding member base 2a made of high-strength brass alloy a plurality of ring-shaped grooves 4a arranged along the longitudinal direction are formed. Similar to the sliding member 1, the groove 4a is formed such that the total area of the openings of the ring groove 4a occupying the area of the inner peripheral surface 3a of the sliding member base 2a is 10 to 40%. Is done. The reason for this ratio is the same reason as the above 10 to 40%.
- the groove 4a is formed by cutting using a cutting tool or the like, but may be formed by other means.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a sliding member 1b in the form of a cylindrical bush using the high-strength brass alloy of the present invention.
- the sliding member 1b is formed with a cylindrical sliding member base 2b, and a plurality of columnar holes 4b communicating with the inner peripheral surface (sliding surface) 3b and the outer peripheral surface. Is filled with a solid lubricant 5 such as graphite.
- the holes 4b are formed such that the total area of the openings in the area of the inner peripheral surface 3b of the sliding member base 2b is 10 to 40%. The reason for this ratio is the same reason as the above 10 to 40%.
- the hole 4b is formed by drilling using a drill or the like, but may be formed by other means.
- the solid lubricant 5 is embedded and fixed in a hole 4b formed so that adjacent solid lubricants 5 overlap each other in the axial direction, or the solid lubricant 5 is adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction.
- the solid lubricant 5 is embedded and fixed in the hole 4b formed so as to overlap each other, or the solid lubricant 5 is embedded and fixed in the hole 4b formed so that adjacent solid lubricants 5 overlap each other in the axial direction and the circumferential direction. Preferably it is done.
- FIG. 3 shows that the solid lubricant 5 filled and held in a plurality of holes 4b formed in the cylindrical sliding member base 2b is overlapped (overlapped) with each other in the axial direction and the circumferential direction of the base 2b.
- a plurality of through holes having a diameter of 10 mm are formed in the thickness direction on the inner peripheral surface so that the opening area is 30% of the area of the inner peripheral surface, and the through holes are made of graphite.
- a solid lubricant was embedded.
- the solid lubricant part was vacuum impregnated with lubricating oil, and this was used as a test piece for wear test.
- the hardness (Brinell hardness) measured the high strength brass alloy part of the test piece for abrasion tests.
- Table 2 shows the mechanical properties (Brinell hardness) and wear amount of the cylindrical bearings obtained in the above examples and comparative examples.
- the wear amount of the test piece for wear test in Table 2 is shown in FIG. It was performed by a journal swing test schematically shown.
- the test method was performed by swinging and rotating the rotating shaft (mating material) B with respect to the cylindrical bearing A of the above-described examples and comparative examples.
- the rotating shaft B was rocked and rotated at a constant sliding speed, and the wear amount ( ⁇ m) of the cylindrical bearing A and the rotating shaft B after a predetermined test time was measured.
- the test conditions are as follows.
- Movement form Oscillating movement
- Lubrication condition Lithium grease is applied to the sliding surface at the start of the test.
- the high-strength brass alloy according to the example of the present invention exhibits a single-phase structure of the ⁇ phase as a parent phase and a structure in which hard Fe—Cr—Si intermetallic compounds are dispersed in the ⁇ phase.
- the high-strength brass alloy of the examples is excellent in wear resistance.
- the excellent wear resistance of the high-strength brass alloy as the base metal and the low friction property of the solid lubricant are compatible. On the other hand, it was confirmed that it exhibited excellent wear resistance as a bearing.
- the high-strength brass alloy of Comparative Example 1 had a parent phase exhibiting an ⁇ + ⁇ phase, a low hardness, and a large amount of wear on the bearing itself.
- the high-strength brass alloy of Comparative Example 2 exhibited a ⁇ + ⁇ phase as a parent phase, and had high hardness and little wear on the bearing itself, but on the other hand, the damage to the mating material was great and the mating material was worn.
- the high-strength brass alloy of Comparative Example 3 has a single-phase structure in which the parent phase is a ⁇ phase, but the intermetallic compound dispersed in the ⁇ phase is an Fe—Cu—Al intermetallic compound, and is a solid lubricant.
- the sliding member embedded with is increased in its wear amount and inferior in wear resistance. Furthermore, the high-strength brass alloy of Comparative Example 4 has a remarkable decrease in wear resistance despite the fact that the Fe—Mn—Si intermetallic compound is dispersed in the matrix phase. Is considered to be due to a small amount of Zn added and a parent phase in which an ⁇ phase appears in the ⁇ phase.
- the high-strength brass alloy of the present invention has a single-phase structure in which the parent phase is a ⁇ phase and a structure in which hard Fe—Cr—Si intermetallic compounds are dispersed in the ⁇ phase. Wear resistance has been improved. Therefore, the high-strength brass alloy of the present invention can be applied to sliding applications such as sliding bearings, washers and sliding plates.
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Abstract
Description
本発明は上記知見に基づきなされたものであり、その目的とするところは、母相のβ相の単相組織を維持するとともにβ相にFe-Cr-Si系金属間化合物が分散した組織を有する耐摩耗特性に優れた摺動部材用高力黄銅合金及び該高力黄銅合金を使用した摺動部材を提供することにある。
(1)質量比で、17%以上28%以下の範囲内のZn、3%以上10%以下の範囲内のAl、1%以上3%以下の範囲内のFe、0.1%以上4%以下の範囲内のCr、0.5%以上2%以下の範囲内のSi、残部がCu及び不可避的不純物からなり、
(2)母相がβ相の単相組織を呈するとともに該β相にFe-Cr-Si系金属間化合物が分散した組織を呈することを特徴とするものである。
(3)上記(1)、(2)記載の摺動部材用高力黄銅合金から作製された円筒体の少なくとも摺動面としての内周面に、複数の孔または溝が形成され、これら孔または溝に黒鉛等の固体潤滑剤が埋設固定されていることを特徴とするものである。
(4)上記(1)、(2)記載の摺動部座用高力黄銅合金から作製された板状体の摺動面としての表面に、複数の孔、溝または凹部が形成され、これら孔、溝または凹部に黒鉛等の固体潤滑剤が埋設固定されていることを特徴とするものである。
(5)前記摺動面としての内周面または表面における固体潤滑剤の占める面積割合は、10%以上40%以下の範囲内であることが好ましい。
2、2a、2b 摺動部材基体
3、3a、3b 摺動面
4 凹部
4a 溝
4b 孔
5 固体潤滑剤
Claims (4)
- 質量比で、17%以上28%以下の範囲内のZn、3%以上10%以下の範囲内のAl、1%以上4%以下の範囲内のFe、0.1%以上4%以下の範囲内のCr、0.5%以上3%以下の範囲内のSi、残部がCu及び不可避的不純物からなり、母相がβ相の単相組織を呈するとともに該β相にFe-Cr-Si系金属間化合物が分散した組織を呈することを特徴とする摺動部材用高力黄銅合金。
- 請求項1記載の摺動部材用高力黄銅合金から作製された円筒体の少なくとも摺動面としての内周面に、複数の孔または溝が形成され、これら孔または溝に固体潤滑剤が埋設固定されていることを特徴とする摺動部材。
- 請求項1に記載の摺動部座用高力黄銅合金から作製された板状体の摺動面としての表面に、複数の孔、溝または凹部が形成され、これら孔、溝または凹部に固体潤滑剤が埋設固定されていることを特徴とする摺動部材。
- 前記摺動面としての内周面または表面における固体潤滑剤の占める面積割合は、10%以上40%以下の範囲内であることを特徴とする請求項2又は3に記載の摺動部材。
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CN201080066406.XA CN102859015B (zh) | 2010-05-21 | 2010-05-21 | 滑动部件用高强度黄铜合金及滑动部件 |
US13/635,869 US8950941B2 (en) | 2010-05-21 | 2010-05-21 | High-strength brass alloy for sliding member, and sliding member |
PCT/JP2010/058667 WO2011145220A1 (ja) | 2010-05-21 | 2010-05-21 | 摺動部材用高力黄銅合金および摺動部材 |
US14/549,937 US9568047B2 (en) | 2010-05-21 | 2014-11-21 | High-strength brass alloy for sliding member, and sliding member |
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PCT/JP2010/058667 WO2011145220A1 (ja) | 2010-05-21 | 2010-05-21 | 摺動部材用高力黄銅合金および摺動部材 |
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US13/635,869 A-371-Of-International US8950941B2 (en) | 2010-05-21 | 2010-05-21 | High-strength brass alloy for sliding member, and sliding member |
US14/549,937 Division US9568047B2 (en) | 2010-05-21 | 2014-11-21 | High-strength brass alloy for sliding member, and sliding member |
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US11460070B2 (en) * | 2020-01-03 | 2022-10-04 | The Boeing Company | Self-repair bearing and methods |
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DE102021201009A1 (de) | 2021-02-04 | 2022-08-04 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Mehrmaterialgleitfläche |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN102859015A (zh) | 2013-01-02 |
US20130058605A1 (en) | 2013-03-07 |
CN102859015B (zh) | 2015-03-04 |
US20150159694A1 (en) | 2015-06-11 |
US8950941B2 (en) | 2015-02-10 |
US9568047B2 (en) | 2017-02-14 |
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