WO2011128990A1 - Appareil de distillation sèche - Google Patents

Appareil de distillation sèche Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011128990A1
WO2011128990A1 PCT/JP2010/056674 JP2010056674W WO2011128990A1 WO 2011128990 A1 WO2011128990 A1 WO 2011128990A1 JP 2010056674 W JP2010056674 W JP 2010056674W WO 2011128990 A1 WO2011128990 A1 WO 2011128990A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gas
tar
pitch
gasification furnace
dry distillation
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2010/056674
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
清治 道前
Original Assignee
Michimae Kiyoharu
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Michimae Kiyoharu filed Critical Michimae Kiyoharu
Priority to JP2012510504A priority Critical patent/JPWO2011128990A1/ja
Priority to PCT/JP2010/056674 priority patent/WO2011128990A1/fr
Publication of WO2011128990A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011128990A1/fr

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
    • C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
    • C10K1/08—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
    • C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
    • C10K1/02—Dust removal
    • C10K1/024—Dust removal by filtration
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/12—Heat utilisation in combustion or incineration of waste
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10—Process efficiency

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a carbonization apparatus for carbonizing various organic wastes and objects to be processed such as peat, and particularly, when carbonizing using an inert gas containing a large amount of CO 2 generated in a molten layer. It is effective for improving the stability of operation, and relates to a carbonization apparatus having high energy efficiency by devising a method for treating tar and pitch.
  • Patent Document 1 A technique for melting and reducing industrial waste, sludge and the like by burning while supplying oxygen-enriched air is known (Patent Document 1).
  • Patent Document 2 a technique of using a gas recovered from a dry distillation gas of organic waste and an oily product as a dry distillation heat source is also known (Patent Document 2).
  • the melt-solidifying device disclosed in Patent Document 1 is one that uses oxygen-enriched air to perform high-temperature combustion in a burner, and the melting process involves much energy consumption.
  • the method for treating organic waste by dry distillation disclosed in Patent Document 2 is to deodorize and purify the dry distillation gas at 600 to 800 ° C., which also consumes a large amount of energy.
  • the carbonization apparatus disclosed in the publication needs to be bound with a binding material having good thermal conductivity, or steam must be injected.
  • the present invention uses a straight tube type furnace, uses an inert gas generated in the lower molten layer to form a dry distillation layer in the upper part, and allows discharge of unmelted material from the hearth while operating.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a carbonization apparatus with high energy recovery efficiency and excellent energy saving.
  • the carbonization apparatus has an inlet for processing objects at the top, a seal damper for dropping the processing objects in a sealed manner at a predetermined amount by a predetermined amount, and an inclination so that the melt discharge side is lowered at the bottom.
  • a gasification furnace having a straight cylinder structure having an inclined floor portion, and a tar / pitch recovery device for recovering tar and pitch from gas generated from the gasification furnace, wherein the gasification furnace is provided with an air blowing port provided near the bottom
  • At least a molten layer and a dry distillation layer are formed in order from the inclined floor portion upward by blowing warm air from the inclined floor portion, and the tar / pitch recovery device converts the gas generated from the gasifier into the tar / pitch content and moisture. It is characterized by being separated into gas components.
  • the object to be treated by the carbonization treatment of the present invention is called not only organic industrial waste, but also composite material waste and peat including metal wires such as old tires. Peat and the like, and is characterized in that it can be stably operated according to the type of the object to be treated.
  • the seal damper means a member in which outside air does not enter at least the dry distillation layer or the molten layer when the workpiece is put into the furnace.
  • a straight tube structure gasification furnace is one in which the furnace wall is almost vertical so that a dry distillation layer, a dry layer, and an untreated layer are sequentially stacked on the molten layer formed in the hearth.
  • the horizontal cross-sectional shape of the furnace is not limited, either round or square.
  • a CO 2 system containing a large amount of CO 2 when part of the object to be burned is combusted when air is blown from the air inlet after the object is ignited by a conventional ignition burner near the hearth of the gasifier Gas (inert gas) is generated.
  • the CO 2 gas temperature is usually about 800 to 900 ° C. by simply blowing air.
  • hot air of 200 to 500 ° C. is blown, the CO 2 gas becomes a high temperature of 900 to 1000 ° C.
  • the carbonization reaction proceeds efficiently even if a relatively low calorie content is contained in the upper layer to be processed.
  • CO 2 gas at a high temperature of 900 to 1000 ° C. rises uniformly, reacts with the object to be processed, and generates a combustible gas containing a large amount of hydrocarbons and CO gas.
  • This combustible gas uniformly rises in the workpiece layer located above the dry distillation layer, and a dry layer is formed.
  • the combustible gas temperature at this time is 280 to 380 ° C. Accordingly, in this combustible gas temperature range of 280 to 380 ° C., tar and pitch components generated in the dry distillation process are mixed in the gas as gasification or suspended matter.
  • the gas generated from the gasifier is separated into a gas component, a tar pitch component, and moisture by a tar / pitch recovery device. More specifically, the gas at 280 to 380 ° C. generated from the gasifier is cooled to the range of 200 to 100 ° C. by the first gas cooler. During this cooling, the tar content that has become a heavy liquid and the solidified pitch content are condensed and dropped on the surface of the heat exchange pipe having a surface temperature of 50 to 100 ° C. provided in the first gas cooler. About 90% of the tar pitch is recovered by this first gas cooler. Next, the gas temperature is cooled in the range of 100 to 50 ° C.
  • the gas temperature is cooled to 50 to 30 ° C. below 50 ° C. with the third gas cooler.
  • the second gas cooler low-boiling oily products are recovered
  • the third gas cooler moisture is condensed and recovered.
  • the pitch portion solidified when the gas temperature is cooled by the gas cooler is washed away by the oil component, it is not necessary to provide a cleaning device for heat exchange of the gas cooler.
  • moisture content was removed from gas, the combustion calorie of combustible gas improves.
  • the gas whose moisture has been recovered by the third gas cooler includes harmful gas components such as sulfide and chloride, and also includes particulate dust. Therefore, after raising the temperature to a range of 100 to 170 ° C. using a heat exchanger, harmful gas components are removed using a conventional bag filter, neutralization washing, or the like. After that, the combustible gas is stored in the gas holder (gas tank). The pressure can be adjusted with a gas holder, and power can be generated with a gas power generation device. The surplus hot air in this gas power generation can be used as a temperature raising heat source for the gas after the third gas cooler.
  • harmful gas components such as sulfide and chloride, and also includes particulate dust. Therefore, after raising the temperature to a range of 100 to 170 ° C. using a heat exchanger, harmful gas components are removed using a conventional bag filter, neutralization washing, or the like. After that, the combustible gas is stored in the gas holder (gas tank). The pressure can be adjusted with
  • the inclined bed portion of the gasification furnace has a pusher device that pushes the unmelted material toward the melt discharge side, and the melt discharge portion is controlled to open and close in the vertical direction.
  • the control door has a plurality of slit portions in the upward direction, and has a needle-like rooster that can be inserted toward the inclined floor portion through the slit portions.
  • the present invention is further characterized in that it has a recovered tar pitch reforming device.
  • This tar / pitch reformer is a tar / pitch reformer that separates light and heavy components by dropping the tar / pitch recovered by the tar / pitch recovery device onto an inclined plate at 200 to 300 ° C. It has the apparatus.
  • Light tar is mixed in the tar pitch recovered by the first and second gas coolers. Therefore, the tar pitch recovered on a metal inclined plate heated to 200 to 300 ° C. was dropped and separated into a light component and a heavy component. Further, the heavy component burns and can be used for heating the inclined plate and can be used as an energy source such as steam using a waste heat boiler or the like. Therefore, the carbonization apparatus according to the present invention can be used as an energy source in addition to simply detoxifying the object to be treated such as waste.
  • a gasification furnace having a straight tube structure is adopted, a hot layer is blown in the vicinity of the hearth portion to form a molten layer, and a high-temperature CO 2 gas generated from the molten layer Can be used to form a dry distillation layer on top of the molten layer.
  • the tar pitch contained in the hydrocarbon and CO combustible gas generated from the dry distillation layer can be used as an energy source by separating light components and heavy components in the reformer. If the material to be treated has a large amount of carbonized components such as peat, the coke will be mixed in the melt or remain as an unmelted material in the hearth, and this will be discharged and cooled with water to increase the amount of coke. can get.
  • a sectional view of a gasifier is shown.
  • the principal part figure of the hearth part vicinity of a gasification furnace is shown.
  • the state which ignited to-be-processed object and formed the molten layer, the dry distillation layer, and the dry layer is shown typically.
  • a state in which a rooster is inserted into the melted layer and the unmelted material is discharged by a pusher is schematically shown.
  • the state where the tip of the rooster is inserted to the tip of the pusher is shown.
  • the pusher is advanced with the tip of the rooster.
  • FIG. 1 shows the figure which looked at the control door from the front
  • FIG. 1 shows the state which inserted the front-end
  • FIG. 1 shows the state which has received the unburned material by the rooster.
  • FIG. 1 shows the figure which looked at the control door from the front
  • FIG. 1 shows the figure which looked at the control door from the front
  • FIG. 1 shows the state which inserted the front-end
  • FIG. 1 shows the state which has received the unburned material by the rooster. Show.
  • the internal schematic diagram which looked at the tar pitch reformer from the side is shown.
  • An A view internal view of the tar pitch reforming apparatus is shown.
  • B view internal view of the tar pitch reforming apparatus is shown.
  • FIG. 1 shows a flowchart of the carbonization system according to the present invention.
  • An organic material to be treated is introduced into the gasification furnace 10, the outside air is shut off, the furnace floor is ignited with an ignition burner using the fuel in the fuel tank 120, and air is blown into the furnace. Turn off the ignition burner when the workpiece begins to burn.
  • an ignition burner when the workpiece begins to burn.
  • the combustible gas is guided to a tar / pitch recovery apparatus including a first gas cooler, a second gas cooler, and a third gas cooler after removing particulate matter by the cyclone 110.
  • the first to third gas coolers are provided with heat exchange pipes 21c, 22c, and 23c, respectively, and pump the coolant in the cooling water tanks 21b, 22b, and 23b to the heat exchange pipe.
  • the first gas cooler 21 is cooled so that the gas temperature is in the range of 200 to 100 ° C.
  • the surface temperature of the heat exchanger pipe is about 50 to 100 ° C.
  • the liquefied tar portion and the solidified pitch are accumulated in the first recovery tank 21a.
  • the second gas cooler 22 is cooled so that the gas temperature is in the range of 100 to 50 ° C.
  • the remaining tar pitch is recovered in the second recovery tank 22a.
  • the heat exchange pipe is washed with components that are co-extracted when the tar and pitch are recovered by the first gas cooler and the second gas cooler. Water vapor is mixed in the generated gas when it passes through the second gas cooler.
  • the third cooler 23 cools the gas temperature to a range of about 50 to 30 ° C., which is less than 50 ° C. Thereby, moisture is condensed and collected in the third collection tank 23a. As a result, the moisture in the combustible gas is reduced to 10% or less, and the heat-generated calories of the gas are improved. However, harmful gases such as SO 2 gas still exist in the gas. Therefore, the temperature is raised to 100 to 170 ° C. in the first heat exchanger 31 using a heat source obtained by the gas generator 70 described later. Thereafter, suspended fine particles are removed by a first filter device (bag filter), and SO 2 gas and the like are neutralized and washed by a gas washer 51.
  • a first filter device bag filter
  • the cleaned combustible gas is collected in the gas holder 60, pressure-adjusted, sent to the gas generator 70, and used for power generation. At this time, surplus energy is used for the first heat exchanger 31 and is discharged via the chimney 100.
  • the tar and pitch recovered by the tar / pitch recovery apparatus are mixed with light and heavy components. Accordingly, the tar pitch recovered by the heater 86 is heated to about 80 ° C. and dropped into a tar pitch reformer (hereinafter referred to as a reformer) 80 as shown in FIGS.
  • a metal inclined plate 84 is installed inside the reformer 80, and after burning the surplus gas in the front chamber 82 and the gas generator 70, which are blocked from the outside air, and heavy components recovered by the reformer.
  • a chamber 83 is provided inside the reformer 80.
  • the angle of the inclined plate 84 is 10 to 30 °, and its surface is 200 to 300 ° C.
  • the hydrocarbons and light oil components generated from the dropped tar pitch are recovered from the discharge port 87.
  • the pitch is removed by the fourth gas cooler 24 and fed into the gas holder 60. Further, the heavy components that have flowed down the inclined plate 84 are collected by the conveyor 82b sealed with water and burned in the rear chamber. The removed pitch is stored in the fourth recovery tank 24a and then processed via the second heat exchanger 32 and the like.
  • Reference numeral 24b denotes a fourth cooling water tank.
  • a scraper 85 is held on a cylinder 85a fixed to a holder 85b in a state of being water-sealed and cooled 85c above the inclined plate 84. The scraper 85 scrapes off the residue.
  • the residue and heavy components recovered by the water-sealed conveyor 82b are burned in the rear chamber 84.
  • the rear chamber 84 has a surplus gas intake port 89 a and operates the waste heat boiler 90 using hot air generated by combustion at the combustion port 89.
  • the exhaust gas is rendered harmless by passing through the desalter 52 and the second filter device 42 and is discharged through the chimney 100.
  • the hearth 12 of the gasification furnace 10 is a tilted floor portion with the melt discharge port 12 a on the lower side. It has a straight tube structure in which the furnace wall 11 rises almost vertically from the hearth 12.
  • the upper part of the furnace is a three-stage seal damper composed of first to third tampers 13a, 13b, 13c, and an object to be processed is dropped into the furnace using the upper conveyor 13d while being shut off from the outside air. . Further, cooling water is passed through the furnace wall 11.
  • a gas discharge port 19a is provided below the third damper 13c and in the upper part of the furnace.
  • a pusher 14 that is controlled to move forward and backward along the inclined floor portion toward the discharge port 12a is provided.
  • the pusher 14 is controlled to move by the cylinder 14a.
  • An air blowing port 15 is provided in the vicinity of the hearth 12.
  • the discharge port 12a has a control door 17 formed with a plurality of slits 17c in the vertical direction and a shielding door 18 that completely shields the front surface, and cylinders 17a, 18a as shown in FIG.
  • the vertical height is controlled by.
  • a needle-shaped rooster 16 inserted from the outside is provided in the slit portion 17c. As shown in FIG.
  • the cylinder 16a holding the rooster 16 and the rod 16b are operated to move forward and backward, and the upper and lower cylinders 16c control the rooster.
  • the insertion angle of 16 is controlled.
  • the cooling water circulates inside the rooster 16 through the cooling water inlet 16d and the outlet 16e.
  • the rooster 16 is taken out, the control door 17 and the shielding door 18 are fully closed, and the workpiece M is put into the furnace.
  • the ignition burner 15a is ignited, and the object to be processed is heated and burned.
  • warm air 200 to 500 ° C. is blown from the air blowing port 15.
  • the formed melt layer M 1 in the hearth as shown in FIG. 4, the O 2 in the warm air is consumed, CO 2 is generated.
  • the inert gas in which O 2 is consumed contains a large amount of CO 2 and reaches a high temperature of 900 to 1000 ° C.
  • the high-temperature CO 2 gas rises uniformly, reacts with the organic matter on the top, and thermally decomposes.
  • Carbonization layer M 2 is formed by the thermal decomposition.
  • Hydrocarbon and CO gas are generated from the dry distillation layer M 2 , which rises to form a dry layer M 3 in which the object to be processed is dried, and from the gasifier 10 to the cyclone 110 side via the gas discharge port 19 a. Dispense towards.
  • the melt M 5 is eluted from the elution groove 17 b and the unmelted material M 4 is accumulated in the hearth 12.
  • This inmelt includes carbonized coke.
  • melt M 4 is insert the grate 16 from the slit portion 17c, as shown in FIG.
  • the carbonization apparatus according to the present invention can be used in many fields such as processing of old tires, peat processing, as well as general industrial waste, because it can handle all organic processing objects.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
  • Chimneys And Flues (AREA)
  • Industrial Gases (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un appareil de distillation sèche ayant un rendement élevé de récupération de goudron et de bitume, et offrant d'excellentes économies d'énergie, un four cylindrique droit étant utilisé ; le gaz inerte produit dans une couche fondue sur la face inférieure étant utilisé pour former une couche de distillation sèche sur la face supérieure ; et une substance infusible pouvant sortir par le fond du four pendant le fonctionnement. L'appareil de distillation sèche comporte un four de gazéification et un dispositif de récupération de goudron et de bitume permettant de récupérer le goudron et le bitume du gaz produit dans le four de gazéification, ledit four de gazéification comportant un orifice d'entrée de l'objet à traiter, des volets étanches permettant de distribuer une quantité prédéterminée de l'objet à traiter vers la partie inférieure, et une partie de plancher inclinée de façon à ce que la partie de sortie de la substance fondue soit plus basse que l'autre partie, ledit orifice d'entrée étant positionné dans la partie supérieure du four de gazéification, ladite partie de plancher inclinée étant positionnée dans la partie inférieure du four de gazéification. Dans le four de gazéification, on introduit de l'air chaud au niveau de la partie de plancher inclinée par un orifice d'introduction d'air à proximité de la partie inférieure, de façon à ce qu'il se forme, de bas en haut et dans cet ordre, au moins une couche fondue et une couche de distillation sèche sur la partie de plancher inclinée. Le dispositif de récupération de goudron et de bitume sépare le gaz produit dans le four de gazéification en goudron et bitume, eau, et gaz.
PCT/JP2010/056674 2010-04-14 2010-04-14 Appareil de distillation sèche WO2011128990A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2012510504A JPWO2011128990A1 (ja) 2010-04-14 2010-04-14 乾留装置
PCT/JP2010/056674 WO2011128990A1 (fr) 2010-04-14 2010-04-14 Appareil de distillation sèche

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/JP2010/056674 WO2011128990A1 (fr) 2010-04-14 2010-04-14 Appareil de distillation sèche

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WO2011128990A1 true WO2011128990A1 (fr) 2011-10-20

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20220090034A (ko) * 2020-12-22 2022-06-29 한국에너지기술연구원 입자의 건조 및 열분해 장치 및 이를 이용한 입자의 건조 및 열분해 방법

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6128585A (ja) * 1984-06-08 1986-02-08 クルツプ−コツパ−ス・ゲゼルシヤフト・ミツト・ベシユレンクテル・ハフツング 排棄物熱分解の際の乾留ガスを再処理する方法
JPS63251496A (ja) * 1987-04-08 1988-10-18 Kawasaki Steel Corp 一酸化炭素を主成分とするガスの精製方法
JP2000291927A (ja) * 1999-04-08 2000-10-20 Seiji Michimae 乾留式焼却炉
JP2002206092A (ja) * 2001-01-11 2002-07-26 Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd ごみガス化ガスからのエネルギー回収方法及び装置
JP2003535298A (ja) * 2000-05-29 2003-11-25 エンバイロメンタル エナジー リソースィズ エヌ．ヴィ． 廃棄物処理装置
JP2006097918A (ja) * 2004-09-28 2006-04-13 Hitachi Metals Ltd 燃焼炉および廃棄物処理設備
JP2008222978A (ja) * 2007-03-15 2008-09-25 Mitsui Eng & Shipbuild Co Ltd 木炭ガス化装置

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6128585A (ja) * 1984-06-08 1986-02-08 クルツプ−コツパ−ス・ゲゼルシヤフト・ミツト・ベシユレンクテル・ハフツング 排棄物熱分解の際の乾留ガスを再処理する方法
JPS63251496A (ja) * 1987-04-08 1988-10-18 Kawasaki Steel Corp 一酸化炭素を主成分とするガスの精製方法
JP2000291927A (ja) * 1999-04-08 2000-10-20 Seiji Michimae 乾留式焼却炉
JP2003535298A (ja) * 2000-05-29 2003-11-25 エンバイロメンタル エナジー リソースィズ エヌ．ヴィ． 廃棄物処理装置
JP2002206092A (ja) * 2001-01-11 2002-07-26 Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd ごみガス化ガスからのエネルギー回収方法及び装置
JP2006097918A (ja) * 2004-09-28 2006-04-13 Hitachi Metals Ltd 燃焼炉および廃棄物処理設備
JP2008222978A (ja) * 2007-03-15 2008-09-25 Mitsui Eng & Shipbuild Co Ltd 木炭ガス化装置

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20220090034A (ko) * 2020-12-22 2022-06-29 한국에너지기술연구원 입자의 건조 및 열분해 장치 및 이를 이용한 입자의 건조 및 열분해 방법
KR102485267B1 (ko) 2020-12-22 2023-01-05 한국에너지기술연구원 입자의 건조 및 열분해 장치 및 이를 이용한 입자의 건조 및 열분해 방법

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