WO2011118556A1 - シートベルトおよびこれを備えた建設機械 - Google Patents
シートベルトおよびこれを備えた建設機械 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2011118556A1 WO2011118556A1 PCT/JP2011/056741 JP2011056741W WO2011118556A1 WO 2011118556 A1 WO2011118556 A1 WO 2011118556A1 JP 2011056741 W JP2011056741 W JP 2011056741W WO 2011118556 A1 WO2011118556 A1 WO 2011118556A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- seat belt
- seat
- shoulder
- anchor
- backrest
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R22/00—Safety belts or body harnesses in vehicles
- B60R22/18—Anchoring devices
- B60R22/26—Anchoring devices secured to the seat
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
- B60N2/24—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
- B60N2/24—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles
- B60N2/38—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles specially constructed for use on tractors or like off-road vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
- B60N2/68—Seat frames
- B60N2/688—Particular seat belt attachment and guiding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R22/00—Safety belts or body harnesses in vehicles
- B60R22/02—Semi-passive restraint systems, e.g. systems applied or removed automatically but not both ; Manual restraint systems
- B60R22/023—Three-point seat belt systems comprising two side lower and one side upper anchoring devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R22/00—Safety belts or body harnesses in vehicles
- B60R22/02—Semi-passive restraint systems, e.g. systems applied or removed automatically but not both ; Manual restraint systems
- B60R22/023—Three-point seat belt systems comprising two side lower and one side upper anchoring devices
- B60R2022/026—Three-point seat belt systems comprising two side lower and one side upper anchoring devices at least two ends of the belt being retractable after use
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R22/00—Safety belts or body harnesses in vehicles
- B60R22/18—Anchoring devices
- B60R2022/1818—Belt guides
- B60R2022/1831—Belt guides comprising a slotted plate sliding in its plane, e.g. inside circular guides
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a seat belt and a construction machine equipped with the seat belt.
- a three-point seat belt is generally provided for a seat mounted on a vehicle.
- a three-point seat belt is provided with a retractor that winds and unwinds a strap (belt) and fixes it in an emergency.
- the retractor may be fixed to a pillar portion constituting the vehicle frame or may be fixed to the seat itself (built-in type).
- the tip of the belt fed out from the retractor is also fixed to the vehicle frame with an anchor bolt or the like.
- a tongue plate is attached to an intermediate position of the strap, and the tongue plate is detachably inserted into a buckle fixed to a vehicle frame or a seat.
- the tip of the belt is also fixed to the seat, and the buckle into which the tongue plate is inserted is also fixed to the seat (for example, Patent Document 1, Patent Reference 2).
- the conventional three-point seat belt is effective during high-speed work, but has a problem that workability is deteriorated in low-speed work. That is, in the situation where the vehicle is moving at high speed, the work machine operating lever of the construction machine is not operated greatly, so that it can withstand a sudden stop during the movement of the vehicle or a centrifugal force at the time of turning.
- the seat belt is effective, but when moving at low speed or when the vehicle is stopped, for example, when the body is moved forward and the lever of the work equipment is operated, the shoulder strap from the shoulder to the waist operates the lever. This may hinder the workability.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a seat belt that can hold an operator or the like reliably and maintain good workability, and a construction machine equipped with the seat belt.
- the seat belt of the present invention includes a lap strap that is hung over the left and right sides of the seat surface portion of the seat, an automatic locking retractor (ALR: Automatic Locking Retractor, hereinafter may be abbreviated as AL retractor) that winds up the lap strap, A shoulder strap hung from one upper part of the seat backrest to the other lower part, and an emergency locking retractor (ELR: Emergency Locking Retractor, hereinafter abbreviated as EL retractor) that winds up the shoulder strap. It is characterized by being.
- AL retractor Automatic Locking Retractor
- AL retractor Automatic Locking Retractor
- the “AL retractor” refers to a retractor having a mechanism for automatically locking the strap at that position by pulling the strap to an arbitrary length and then pulling it in as little as possible.
- the “EL retractor” is a mechanism that does not strongly restrain the strap so as not to hinder the movement of the operator of the construction machine or the like during normal times, and locks the strap only when an acceleration higher than the set value is detected in an emergency. It is a retractor having
- the AL retractor and EL retractor for each strap are individually provided, it is possible to function as a two-point seat belt by using only the lap strap fed out from the AL retractor.
- the shoulder strap fed out from the EL retractor can be used in combination with the lap strap to function as a three-point seat belt. Therefore, by selecting whether to function as a two-point seat belt or as a three-point seat belt according to the work contents of the seated person and the movement of the vehicle or the like on which the seat is installed, A person can be held securely without being disturbed.
- any one of the first tongue plate provided on the lap strap, the second tongue plate provided on the shoulder strap, and the first and second tongue plates is provided. And a buckle to be fitted, wherein the first and second tongue plates are engaged with each other.
- each tongue plate since the first and second tongue plates of each strap are provided so as to be engageable with each other, each tongue plate remains engaged when used exclusively as a three-point seat belt.
- only one tongue plate needs to be fitted into one buckle, and there is no need to provide a separate buckle for fitting each tongue plate. Can be good.
- the automatic lock type retractor and the emergency lock type retractor are attached to the seat.
- the seat belt of the present invention since the AL retractor and the EL retractor are provided on the seat, a built-in type integrated with the seat can be realized as the seat belt. Therefore, when applying this seat belt, it is only necessary to conduct a strength test of the single seat including the seat belt, and even if the same type of seat is installed in various vehicles of different models, the test is performed for each vehicle model. There is no need to do this, and it is versatile.
- the seat belt of the present invention comprises a shoulder anchor attached to the seat, wherein the shoulder anchor is fixed to the backrest of the seat, the lower end side is fixed to the anchor plate, and the upper end side is one of the operators.
- a support arm positioned corresponding to the upper side of the shoulder, and an insertion portion provided on an upper end side of the support arm and through which the shoulder strap is inserted, and the anchor plate has the support arm fixed thereto.
- the back portion of the backrest has a planar portion that is in close contact with the planar portion, and the planar portion is provided with ribs that are erected along the vertical direction, and the lower end of the planar portion and the rib is the backrest It is located in the vicinity of the support part which supports
- a three-point seat belt is generally provided for a seat mounted on a vehicle.
- Such a three-point seat belt is provided with a retractor that winds and unwinds a strap (belt) and fixes it in an emergency.
- the retractor may be fixed to the pillar portion constituting the vehicle frame, or may be fixed to the seat itself (built-in type: see, for example, Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 described above).
- the tip of the strap is also fixed to the seat, and the buckle into which the tongue plate is inserted is also fixed to the seat.
- the entire seat belt assembly is mounted on the seat, and therefore the position of the retractor etc. is not changed depending on the vehicle type even for a plurality of vehicle types having different structures on the vehicle frame side.
- the seats with the same design can be easily applied to different vehicle types, and the strength calculation and the like can be completed with a single seat, thereby making it possible to eliminate the need to check the strength after mounting on different vehicle types.
- the shoulder anchor is attached to the back of the backrest so that the shoulder strap passes over the shoulder of the operator, so the hang-up direction that occurs in the shoulder strap
- the pulling force acts on the anchor portion of the backrest, that is, the fixed portion of the shoulder anchor via the shoulder anchor, and the upper side of the backrest is pulled forward and deformed.
- the tension of the shoulder strap may cause the entire seat including the backrest to be twisted.
- the slider that slides the seat back and forth is distorted, and the front and rear position adjustment is performed. The problem that it becomes impossible to occur.
- the tensile force on the shoulder strap transmitted through the support arm is dispersed by the planar portion of the anchor plate of the shoulder anchor, and the back portion is dispersed. It can be transmitted to the back portion of the rest, and it is possible to prevent deformation such as bending to the front side of the backrest while avoiding stress concentration at the anchor portion.
- the rib is provided in the planar portion and the lower end of the rib is positioned in the vicinity of the support portion, the rigidity of the anchor plate can be improved and the deformation thereof can be suppressed, and the support arm and the anchor plate can be suppressed.
- the torsional force transmitted via the high-strength support portions positioned in the vicinity thereof can be received, and the backrest can be prevented from being twisted to prevent deformation due to the torsional force.
- the rib of the shoulder anchor is provided continuously over the entire area in the vertical direction of the planar portion. According to the seat belt of the present invention, since the ribs are continuously provided over the entire area in the vertical direction of the planar portion, the rigidity of the anchor plate can be further improved, without accompanied by conspicuous deformation of the anchor plate, The twisting force can be reliably transmitted to the support portion.
- the rib of the shoulder anchor has a shape that follows the side surface of the backrest. According to the seat belt of the present invention, since the rib is shaped like the side surface of the backrest, the anchor plate can be attached to the backrest without a sense of incongruity, and the appearance of the seat can be improved.
- the support arm of the shoulder anchor has an inclined portion extending obliquely upward from the back surface side to a position corresponding to the upper side of one shoulder of the operator.
- the support arm since the support arm has the inclined portion, even when it is desired to position the lower end side of the support arm closer to the center in the left-right direction of the backrest (back surface portion), the position on the lower end side And a position on the upper end side can be provided in a short length by the inclined portion, and the structure can be simplified.
- the lower end side is closer to the center side of the backrest, the size of the planar portion can be increased and the support arm can be fixed near the center, and the bias of the stress generating portion at the backrest can be reduced.
- the construction machine of the present invention is characterized in that any one of the above-described seat belts is mounted.
- the disassembled whole perspective view which shows the sheet
- a seat 1 according to the present embodiment is installed on a construction machine such as a wheel loader, a hydraulic excavator, a bulldozer or the like (not shown), and has a cab specification having a box-shaped operating portion or a bowl-shaped portion. It can be applied to any construction machine with canopy specifications.
- a seat 1 is composed of a suspension device 2 fixed to the floor of a construction machine, a seat body 3 placed on the suspension device 2, and a built-in type three-point seat belt 4. .
- the suspension device 2 includes a steel plate base frame 21 that is bolted to the floor frame of the floor portion, and an apparatus main body 22 attached on the base frame 21.
- the apparatus main body 22 has a structure covered entirely with a synthetic rubber bellows 23, and inside the bellows 23, although not shown, it is configured to be vertically extendable with the base frame 21 as a base end.
- the mounting board 24 is provided with a height position adjusting lever 25 that regulates / releases the expansion / contraction operation of the link mechanism to adjust the height position of the seat body 3.
- the seat body 3 includes a seat surface portion 31 and a backrest 32. Armrests 33 are rotatably provided on the left and right sides of the backrest 32, and a headrest 34 is provided above the backrest 32 so as to be slidable up and down via a guide member. A pair of left and right slide rails 51 are attached to the lower surface of the seat surface portion 31.
- the slide rail 51 has a structure in which the inner member 52 and the outer member 53 are slidably combined with each other along the front-rear direction via steel balls.
- the inner member 52 is fixed to the mounting plate 24.
- the outer member 53 is attached to the seat surface portion 31 side.
- the seat surface portion 31 is also provided with a front / rear position adjusting lever 35 for restricting / releasing movement on the slide rail 51.
- the backrest 32 is provided so as to be tiltable with respect to the seat surface portion 31 by the reclining mechanism 61.
- the reclining mechanism 61 has support portions 62 provided on both the left and right sides of the seat surface portion 31, and the backrest 32 tilts around a shaft 63 installed between the support portions 62. Therefore, the support part 62 functions also as a part which supports the backrest 32 whole, and has high intensity
- lock mechanisms are interlocked with each other, and are interlocked with a reclining lever 64 provided on one of the left and right sides (the left side of the seated operator in this embodiment). Since the seat 1 of the present embodiment is provided with the three-point seat belt 4, the backrest 32 is twisted in the hooking direction when the operator is wearing the seat belt 4, and this twist is satisfactorily countered. Therefore, a lock mechanism is provided on both ends of the shaft 63.
- the bottom surface of the seat surface portion 31 is a bottom surface portion 36 formed by sheet metal press molding or the like, and a support portion 62 made of a metal plate or the like is fixed to the bottom surface portion 36 by welding or the like. Further, the back surface of the backrest 32 is also a back surface portion 37 formed by sheet metal press molding or the like.
- a metal shoulder anchor 71 is fixed to the back surface portion 37. Details of the shoulder anchor 71 will be described later.
- the seat belt 4 includes an operator's waist, that is, a lap strap 41 that is hung across the left and right sides of the seat surface portion 31, and an automatic locking type retractor (ALR: Automatic Locking ⁇ ⁇ Retractor) that winds, feeds, or fixes the lap strap 41.
- ALR Automatic Locking ⁇ ⁇ Retractor
- a retractor a shoulder strap 43 that is hung from the operator's shoulder to the waist, that is, from one upper part to the other lower part of the backrest 32, and the shoulder strap 43 is wound and delivered.
- an emergency locking type winding device ELR: Emergency Locking Retractor, hereinafter referred to as EL retractor
- the lap strap 41 and the AL retractor 42 have substantially the same configuration as the conventional two-point seat belt, and can be used independently of the shoulder strap 43 and the EL retractor 44 or can be used together. It is.
- a main tongue plate 45 is attached to the tip of the lap strap 41. The main tongue plate 45 is fitted into the left buckle 46, and the lap strap 41 and the AL retractor 42 are used as a two-point seat belt. It is done.
- the lap strap 41 holds only around the waist of the operator, but in the lever operation for the working machine while traveling at a low speed as a vehicle of the construction machine or the lever operation in the stopped state, the two-point seat belt Even when it is used, the operator can be held sufficiently, and by not using the shoulder strap 43, the lever can be easily operated in the posture of riding forward.
- the AL retractor 42 is fixed to the right side of the metal bottom surface portion 36 constituting the seat surface portion 31 via an appropriate bracket.
- the shoulder strap 43 is drawn out from the lower EL retractor 44 and is inserted into a shoulder anchor 71 located above the operator's right shoulder.
- a sub tongue plate 47 is provided at the tip of the shoulder strap 43.
- a hook-shaped hook 47 ⁇ / b> A is provided at the further tip of the sub tongue plate 47.
- the hook 47A is engaged with a hole 45A provided in the main tongue plate 45 as shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG.
- the EL retractor 44 is fixed to the right rear portion of the bottom surface portion 36 via an L-shaped bracket 48.
- Such an EL retractor 44 is fixed to the bracket 48 with a bolt or the like.
- the shoulder strap 43 it is possible that the EL retractor 44 and the shoulder anchor 71 are not attached in advance.
- the function of a three-point seat belt may be added by retrofitting those parts.
- the seat belt 4 can be used as a two-point seat belt or a three-point seat belt. And workability can be satisfied.
- the seat belt 4 is a built-in type and can be easily used for a plurality of construction machines of different vehicle types. Can do.
- the EL retractor 44 is attached not to the suspension device 2 but to the seat surface portion 31 side of the seat main body 3, so that the EL retractor 44 moves up and down together with the seat main body 3 even if the vehicle greatly moves up and down due to rough terrain.
- the shoulder strap 43 is not inadvertently fixed by the vertical movement, and the hold state can be maintained satisfactorily.
- the AL retractor 42 Since the AL retractor 42 is used around the waist, if the lap strap 41 is pulled out and locked in a slightly long state, the seat belt 4 does not feel a sense of binding, especially in the two-point seat belt state. When working at a low speed, it is easy to change the posture for operation, and there is no inconvenience. If an EL retractor is used around the waist, the waist cannot be reliably held in low-speed running on rough terrain where the acceleration beyond the set value is effective, and the AL retractor 42 is used. You can hold it even in such a situation. On the other hand, since the EL retractor 44 is employed around the shoulder, when mounted in a three-point seat belt state, it can be held securely in an emergency while allowing a forward tilt posture.
- the shoulder anchor 71 in this embodiment will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 1 and 3 to 5, the shoulder anchor 71 is made of metal, and an anchor plate 72 fixed to the back surface portion 37 of the backrest 32 by a rivet or the like, and an anchor fixed to the anchor plate 72 by welding or the like. And a suspension member 74 that is swingably attached to the upper end side of the support arm 73 and through which the shoulder strap 43 is inserted.
- the anchor plate 72 forms an anchor portion (fixed portion) of the shoulder anchor 71 with respect to the backrest 32, and has a shape that covers the right side portion of the back surface portion 37 in the vertical direction.
- the anchor plate 72 includes a first planar portion 75 to which the support arm 73 is fixed, a second planar portion 76 that hangs downward from the lower left side of the first planar portion 75, and first and first It is formed by a rib 77 erected continuously along the left edge of the two planar portions 75, 76.
- the first planar portion 75 is provided from the center of the back surface portion 37 to the right side surface 32A of the backrest 32, and has a vertical dimension substantially corresponding to the vertical portion 73A of the support arm 73. Further, the upper edge of the first planar portion 75 is located near the upper portion of the back surface portion 37. As a result, the first planar portion 75 comes into close contact with the back surface portion 37 with a large area by riveting or the like, and the support arm 73 tries to bend forward due to the pulling force of the shoulder strap 43 in the hooking direction. However, the stress of the anchor portion generated by the force can be well dispersed in the first planar portion 75, can be surely counteracted to the bending force, and prevents the backrest 32 from being deformed forward. it can.
- the second planar portion 76 that is integral with the first planar portion 75 and extends downward extends to the vicinity of the support portion 62 that is integral with the seat surface portion 31, and is in close contact with the back surface portion 37.
- the stress generated in the anchor portion is further dispersed widely in the vertical direction of the backrest 32. Therefore, stress concentration at the anchor portion is less likely to occur, and deformation of the backrest 32 can be prevented more reliably.
- the rib 77 is bent with a predetermined width on the front side with respect to the first and second planar portions 75 and 76, and is provided over the entire area in the vertical direction of the first and second planar portions 75 and 76. The lower end thereof is located in the vicinity of the support portion 62 like the second planar portion 76.
- the rib 77 also has a shape that follows the right side surface 32A of the backrest 32, and is well applied to the right side surface 32A.
- the rigidity of the anchor plate 72 itself is remarkably improved, and the anchor plate 72 can well counteract the force in the twisting direction due to the tensile force at the shoulder strap 43, The twisting force transmitted to the backrest 32 is suppressed. Further, the torsional force acting on the anchor plate 72 is transmitted to the high-strength support portion 62 located immediately below the anchor plate 72 without being deformed. Therefore, such a twisting force is reliably received by the support portion 62, so that the backrest 32 can be prevented from being largely twisted, and deformation of the reclining mechanism 61, the slide rail 51, and the like can be prevented.
- the support arm 73 is formed by bending a hollow prismatic member, and is inclined vertically upward with respect to the vertical portion 73A fixed to the first planar portion 75 of the anchor plate 72 and the vertical portion 73A.
- the upper end side has a linear inclined portion 73B extending to a position corresponding to the upper right shoulder of the operator.
- a protection portion 78 that protects the end portion is attached to the upper end side of the support arm 73 without an edge.
- a suspension member 74 is also attached to the upper end side of the support arm 73.
- the suspension member 74 is a triangular plate member, and its apex portion is attached to the front end side of the support arm 73 so as to be swingable by a bolt member or the like.
- a slit-like insertion part 74A parallel to the bottom side is provided at the bottom part of the suspension member 74, and the shoulder strap 43 is inserted through the insertion part 74A.
- the size of the insertion portion 74 ⁇ / b> A is smaller than the sub tongue plate 47 of the shoulder strap 43. Therefore, when the shoulder strap 43 is not used, the sub tongue plate 47 is locked to the suspension member 74 by the winding force from the EL retractor 44 via the shoulder strap 43.
- the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and modifications, improvements, and the like within the scope that can achieve the object of the present invention are included in the present invention.
- the support arm 73 of the shoulder anchor 71 is substantially the same as the vertical dimension of the first planar portion 75 in the anchor plate 72 at the approximate center in the width direction of the first planar portion 75.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and as shown in FIG. 6, approximately in the center in the width direction of the second planar portion 76 and over the same length as the vertical dimension of each planar portion 75, 76. It may be fixed. Even in such a case, stress concentration at the anchor portion can be avoided and the twisting force can be sufficiently countered.
- the width dimension of the first planar portion 75 can be reduced to such an extent that the stress distribution is not hindered.
- the inclined portion 73 ⁇ / b> B of the support arm 73 reaches the vicinity of the center position in the left-right direction of the back surface portion 37, and the lower half of the support arm 73 is entirely the first surface of the anchor plate 72. It is fixed to the shape part 75. Further, the width dimension of the first planar portion 75 is increased according to the form of the support arm 73, and the first planar portion 75 is in close contact with the back surface portion 37 in a wider area. The stress distribution can be further improved.
- the sub tongue plate 47 is configured to engage with the main tongue plate 45, and one buckle 46 that engages with the main tongue plate 45 is provided. 47, and a buckle that engages with the main tongue plate 45 may be arranged independently of each other, and one buckle having a pair of engagement portions for each tongue plate 45, 47 is provided. It may be used.
- both the AL retractor 42 and the EL retractor 44 are provided on the seat 3 itself, but both or any one of them may be provided on the vehicle-side frame. That is, the seat belt of the present invention is not limited to the built-in type.
- the insertion portion 74A through which the shoulder strap 43 is inserted is provided in the suspension member 74, but such an insertion portion may be provided on the upper end side of the support arm 73.
- it may be provided in a part of the protection part 78, and the suspension member 74 may be omitted by doing so.
- the retractors 42 and 44 of the seat belt 4 are arranged on the right side as viewed from the seated operator, but of course, the present invention includes the case where they are arranged on the left side.
- the present invention can be used for a construction machine such as a wheel loader, a power shovel, and a bulldozer, and also for a vehicle such as a dump truck.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Automotive Seat Belt Assembly (AREA)
- Seats For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
これに対して、リトラクタがシート自体に固定されているビルトインタイプでは、ベルトの先端もシートに固定され、タングプレートが挿入されるバックルもまたシートに固定されている(例えば、特許文献1、特許文献2参照)。
一方近年では、建設機械の車両でも、オペレータがシートに着座した状態で大きく振られることがないよう、3点式のシートベルトを採用したいという要求が高まっている。特に車両を高速で移動させながら行う高速作業時には、3点式シートベルトが有効である。
すなわち、車両を高速で移動させている状況では、建設機械の作業機用操作レバーを大きく操作することはないため、車両の移動中の急停止や旋回時の遠心力に耐え得るよう3点式シートベルトが有効であるが、低速移動時あるいは車両停止時で、例えば、身体を大きく前方へ乗り出して作業機のレバー操作を行うような場合には、肩から腰にかけてのショルダーストラップがレバー操作を阻害する場合があり、作業性を低下させる可能性がある。
また、「ELリトラクタ」とは、平常時は建設機械等のオペレータの身体の動きを阻害しないようにストラップを強く拘束せず、緊急時に設定以上の加速度を感知したときにのみストラップをロックする機構を有したリトラクタのことである。
本発明のシートベルトによれば、ALリトラクタおよびELリトラクタをシートに設けるので、シートベルトとして、シートと一体のビルトインタイプを実現できる。従って、このシートベルトを適用するにあたって、シートベルトを含むシート単体の強度試験等を行っておけばよく、同種のシートを機種の異なる様々な車両に設置した場合でも、車両の機種毎に試験を行う必要がなく、汎用性に優れている。
また、面状部にリブが設けられ、かつリブの下端が支持部近傍に位置していることにより、アンカープレートの剛性を向上させることができてその変形を抑制できるうえ、支持アームおよびアンカープレートを介して伝達される捻れ力を、それらの近傍に位置した高強度の支持部で受けることができ、バックレストの捩れを抑制して捩れ力による変形をも防止できる。
本発明のシートベルトによれば、リブを面状部の上下方向の全域にわたって連続して設けるから、アンカープレートの剛性をより一層向上させることができ、アンカープレートの目立った変形を伴うことなく、捻れ力を支持部に確実に伝達させることができる。
本発明のシートベルトによれば、リブがバックレストの側面にならった形状であるため、アンカープレートを違和感なくバックレストに装着でき、シートの見栄えを良好にできる。
本発明のシートベルトによれば、支持アームが傾斜部を有しているので、支持アームの下端側をバックレスト(背面部)の左右方向の中央寄りに位置させたいときでも、下端側の位置と上端側の位置との間を傾斜部によって短い長さに設けることができ、構造を簡素化できる。しかも、下端側がバックレストの中央側に寄ることで、面状部の大きさを大きくしてその中央付近に支持アームを固定でき、バックレストでの応力発生部分の偏りを少なくできる。
図1ないし図4において、本実施形態のシート1は、図示しないホイールローダ、油圧ショベル、ブルドーザ等の建設機械に設置されるものであり、箱状の運転部分を有するキャブ仕様、あるいは庇状部分を有するキャノピ仕様のいずれの建設機械にも適用されるものである。
このようなシート1は、建設機械の床部に固定されるサスペンション装置2と、サスペンション装置2上に載置されたシート本体3と、ビルトインタイプの3点式のシートベルト4とで構成される。
また、バックレスト32の背面も、板金のプレス成型等による背面部37になっている。3点式のシートベルト4が設けられる本実施形態では、このような背面部37に金属製のショルダーアンカー71が固定されている。このショルダーアンカー71の詳細については後述する。
仮に腰回りにELリトラクタを採用した場合、ロック機構が効く設定値以上の加速度が生じ難い不整地での低速走行では、腰回りを確実のホールドできないが、ALリトラクタ42を採用することで、そのような状況でも確実にホールドできる。
一方、肩回りにELリトラクタ44を採用しているので、3点式シートベルト状態で装着した場合、前傾姿勢を許容しながらも、緊急時には確実にホールドできる。
例えば、前記実施形態では、ショルダーアンカー71の支持アーム73は、アンカープレート72において、第1面状部75の幅方向の略中央で、かつ第1面状部75の上下寸法と略同じ長さにわたって固定されていたが、これに限らず、図6に示すように、第2面状部76の幅方向の略中央で、かつ各面状部75,76の上下寸法と略同じ長さにわたって固定されていてもよい。このような場合でも、アンカー部分での応力集中を避けることができるうえ、捻れ力にも十分に対抗できる。また、応力の分散を妨げない程度に、第1面状部75の幅寸法を小さくすることも可能である。なお、支持アーム73を左右方向のより外方側に配置する場合には、ショルダーストラップ43と干渉しないことが望ましい。
Claims (8)
- シートの座面部の左右にわたって掛けわたされるラップストラップと、
前記ラップストラップを巻き取る自動ロック式リトラクタと、
前記シートのバックレストの一方の上部から他方の下部にわたって掛けわたされるショルダーストラップと、
前記ショルダーストラップを巻き取る緊急ロック式リトラクタとを備えている
ことを特徴とするシートベルト。 - 請求項1に記載のシートベルトにおいて、
前記ラップストラップに設けられた第1のタングプレートと、
前記ショルダーストラップに設けられた第2のタングプレートと、
前記第1、第2タングプレートのうちいずれか一方が嵌め込まれるバックルとを備え、
前記第1、第2タングプレートが互いに係合される
ことを特徴とするシートベルト。 - 請求項1または請求項2に記載のシートベルトにおいて、
前記自動ロック式リトラクタおよび前記緊急ロック式リトラクタが前記シートに取り付けられる
ことを特徴とするシートベルト。 - 請求項1ないし請求項3のいずれかに記載のシートベルトにおいて、
前記シートに取り付けられたショルダーアンカーを備え、
前記ショルダーアンカーは、
前記シートのバックレストに固定されるアンカープレートと、
下端側がアンカープレートに固定され、かつ上端側がオペレータの一方の肩の上方に対応して位置した支持アームと、
前記支持アームの上端側に設けられ、かつ前記ショルダーストラップが挿通される挿通部とを備え、
前記アンカープレートは、前記支持アームが固定されて前記バックレストの背面部と密着する面状部を有し、
前記面状部には、上下方向に沿って立設したリブが設けられ、
前記面状部および前記リブの下端は、前記バックレストを支持する支持部近傍に位置している
ことを特徴とするシートベルト。 - 請求項4に記載のシートベルトにおいて、
前記ショルダーアンカーの前記リブは、前記面状部の上下方向の全域にわたって連続して設けられている
ことを特徴とするシートベルト。 - 請求項4または請求項5に記載のシートベルトにおいて、
前記ショルダーアンカーの前記リブは、前記バックレストの側面にならった形状である ことを特徴とするシートベルト。 - 請求項4ないし請求項6のいずれかに記載のシートベルトにおいて、
前記ショルダーアンカーの前記支持アームは、前記背面部側から前記オペレータの一方の肩の上方に対応した位置まで斜め上方に向かって延びる傾斜部を有している
ことを特徴とするシートベルト。 - 請求項1ないし請求項7のいずれかに記載のシートベルトが装着されている
ことを特徴とする建設機械。
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CN201180004279.5A CN102596650B (zh) | 2010-03-23 | 2011-03-22 | 座椅安全带及具有该座椅安全带的工程机械 |
JP2012506998A JP5065542B2 (ja) | 2010-03-23 | 2011-03-22 | 建設機械用シートベルトおよびこれを備えた建設機械 |
CA2777651A CA2777651A1 (en) | 2010-03-23 | 2011-03-22 | Seat belt and construction machine equipped therewith |
EP11759361.6A EP2540581B1 (en) | 2010-03-23 | 2011-03-22 | Seat belt and construction machine equipped therewith |
US13/503,260 US8550566B2 (en) | 2010-03-23 | 2011-03-22 | Seat belt and construction machine equipped therewith |
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JP (1) | JP5065542B2 (ja) |
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BR112014011695A2 (pt) * | 2011-12-26 | 2017-05-09 | Toray Industries | estrutura de quadro para assento |
CN102862496B (zh) * | 2012-10-22 | 2015-04-08 | 三一重机有限公司 | 一种座椅及工程机械 |
JP5888293B2 (ja) * | 2013-07-17 | 2016-03-16 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 車両用シートベルトのアンカプレート取付け構造 |
US9925902B2 (en) * | 2016-05-13 | 2018-03-27 | Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Utility vehicle |
US10086792B1 (en) * | 2017-03-30 | 2018-10-02 | Ts Tech Co., Ltd. | Vehicle Seat |
US10668892B2 (en) | 2017-04-21 | 2020-06-02 | E.V.S. Ltd. | Vehicle seat with dual shoulder strap seat belts |
US10875495B2 (en) | 2017-09-01 | 2020-12-29 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Seat belt assembly |
US20190077363A1 (en) * | 2017-09-12 | 2019-03-14 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Seatbelt assembly |
CN111717153A (zh) * | 2019-03-18 | 2020-09-29 | 王亮雄 | 多点式安全带系统 |
US11932148B2 (en) * | 2020-11-23 | 2024-03-19 | Seats Incorporated | Bellows for seat assembly |
US12037120B2 (en) | 2022-03-29 | 2024-07-16 | B/E Aerospace, Inc. | Passenger restraints for reducing spinal tension |
US12060034B1 (en) * | 2023-02-03 | 2024-08-13 | B/E Aerospace, Inc. | Seat belt assemblies for mitigating spinal tension during free-flail |
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US20120212029A1 (en) | 2012-08-23 |
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EP2540581A4 (en) | 2013-04-10 |
EP2540581A1 (en) | 2013-01-02 |
CN102596650B (zh) | 2014-04-16 |
CN102596650A (zh) | 2012-07-18 |
CA2777651A1 (en) | 2011-09-29 |
EP2540581B1 (en) | 2014-03-19 |
JPWO2011118556A1 (ja) | 2013-07-04 |
US8550566B2 (en) | 2013-10-08 |
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