WO2011113366A1 - 制备氘代二苯基脲的方法 - Google Patents

制备氘代二苯基脲的方法 Download PDF

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WO2011113366A1
WO2011113366A1 PCT/CN2011/071922 CN2011071922W WO2011113366A1 WO 2011113366 A1 WO2011113366 A1 WO 2011113366A1 CN 2011071922 W CN2011071922 W CN 2011071922W WO 2011113366 A1 WO2011113366 A1 WO 2011113366A1
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deuterated
acid
compound
tridecylmethyl
methyl
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PCT/CN2011/071922
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English (en)
French (fr)
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冯卫东
高小勇
代晓俊
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苏州泽璟生物制药有限公司
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Priority to EP11755683.7A priority Critical patent/EP2548867A4/en
Priority to CN201180014354.6A priority patent/CN102844303B/zh
Priority to US13/635,827 priority patent/US8618306B2/en
Publication of WO2011113366A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011113366A1/zh
Priority to US14/092,253 priority patent/US9072796B2/en

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    • C07D213/02Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D213/04Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
    • C07D213/60Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D213/78Carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms, with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals
    • C07D213/81Amides; Imides
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    • A61K31/435Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
    • A61K31/44Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof
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    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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    • C07C209/00Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton
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    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C275/00Derivatives of urea, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups, the nitrogen atoms not being part of nitro or nitroso groups
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    • C07C275/30Derivatives of urea, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups, the nitrogen atoms not being part of nitro or nitroso groups having nitrogen atoms of urea groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings of a carbon skeleton being further substituted by halogen atoms, or by nitro or nitroso groups
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    • C07D209/44Iso-indoles; Hydrogenated iso-indoles
    • C07D209/48Iso-indoles; Hydrogenated iso-indoles with oxygen atoms in positions 1 and 3, e.g. phthalimide
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    • C07D213/02Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D213/04Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
    • C07D213/60Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D213/62Oxygen or sulfur atoms
    • C07D213/63One oxygen atom
    • C07D213/68One oxygen atom attached in position 4

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the field of chemical synthesis, and more particularly to intermediates useful in the preparation of deuterated diphenylurea and methods of synthesis and use of such intermediates. Background technique
  • the known ⁇ -diphenylurea derivatives are compounds of c-RAF kinase activity.
  • a class of ⁇ -carboxyaryl substituted diphenylureas, and their use in the treatment of cancer and related diseases, are disclosed, for example, in WO 2000/042012.
  • Omega-diphenyl urea compounds such as Sorafenib were first discovered to be inhibitors of c-RAF kinase, and subsequent studies have found that it also inhibits MEK and ERK signaling pathways, vascular endothelial growth factor-2.
  • VEGFR-2 vascular endothelial growth factor-3
  • PDGFR- ⁇ vascular endothelial growth factor-beta
  • Sorafenib trade name Nexavar
  • Nexavar is a new oral multi-kinase inhibitor developed by Bayer and ONXY because of its excellence in a phase III clinical trial of advanced kidney cancer. In December 2005, it was quickly approved by the FDA for the treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma. It was launched in China in November 2006.
  • Sorafenib has various side effects such as high blood pressure, weight loss, and rash.
  • the existing processes for preparing deuterated diphenyl urea compounds are not mature, and there are disadvantages such as high cost, low yield, low purity or easy separation of the products, and therefore there is an urgent need in the art to develop new and highly efficient preparation of high purity. Process for diphenyl urea compounds. Summary of the invention
  • a process for the preparation of N-(l,l,l-tridecylmethyl)benzosuccinimide comprising the steps of: (a) reacting an alkali metal salt of phthalimide with a compound of formula A in an inert solvent, Wherein Z is CH 3 , O-CD 3 or, wherein R is methyl, nitro or halogen (F, C1 or Br), thereby forming N-(l,l,l-tridecylmethyl) Benzomethane diimide: .
  • the inert solvent comprises: N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF), N, N-dimethylacetamide (DMA), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), N -methylpyrrolidone (NMP), tetrahydrofuran, 1, 4-dioxane, or a combination thereof.
  • DMF N, N-dimethylformamide
  • DMA N, N-dimethylacetamide
  • DMSO dimethyl sulfoxide
  • NMP N -methylpyrrolidone
  • tetrahydrofuran 1, 4-dioxane, or a combination thereof.
  • the reaction temperature is from -10 ° C to the reflux temperature, preferably from -4 ° C to 100 ° C, more preferably from 20 to 80 ° C.
  • reaction time is from 0.1 to 24 hours, preferably from 0.3 to 5 hours, more preferably from 0.5 to 2 hours.
  • the alkali metal salt of phthalimide includes, but is not limited to, potassium phthalimide, phthalimide. Amine sodium salt, lithium phthalimide salt or a combination thereof.
  • the compound of the formula A comprises 4-methylbenzenesulfonic acid-(1,1,1-tridecylmethyl)ester, 3-nitrobenzenesulfonic acid. - (1,1,1-trideuteromethyl)ester, or 4-nitrobenzenesulfonic acid-(1,1,1-tridecylmethyl)ester.
  • the method further comprises the step (al) before the step (a):
  • the deuterated methanol is reacted with p-toluenesulfonyl chloride under basic conditions in an inert solvent to form 4-methylbenzenesulfonic acid-(1,1,1-tridecylmethyl)ester.
  • the inert solvent described in the step (al) includes water, tetrahydrofuran, or a mixed solvent thereof.
  • N-(l,l,l-tridemethyl)benzosuccinimide is reacted with an acid in an inert solvent or an aqueous solvent to form 1,1,1-tridemethylamine salt
  • the acid comprises: hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, hydrobromic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, or a combination thereof.
  • the reaction temperature is from 30 to a reflux temperature (e.g., 120 ° C), preferably from 40 to 10 ° C.
  • reaction time is from 0.5 to 48 hours, preferably from 1 to 36 hours, more preferably from 2 to 24 hours.
  • an intermediate useful for the preparation of deuterated diphenylurea said intermediate being N-(l,l,l-tris-methyl)benzobutadiene Imide.
  • it is used to prepare deuterated diphenylurea or as a raw material for preparing deuterated diphenylurea.
  • it is used to prepare deuterated diphenylurea or as a raw material for preparing deuterated diphenylurea.
  • X is N or N + -O-;
  • R 1 is halogen (such as F, C1 or Br), one or more deuterated or fully deuterated C1-C4 fluorenyl groups
  • R 2 is undeuterated, one or more deuterated or fully deuterated a C1-C4 fluorenyl group, or a partially or fully halogen-substituted C1-C4 fluorenyl group;
  • R 3 , RR 5 , R 8 , R 9 , R 1Q , R", R 12 , R 13 , R 14 are each hydrogen, deuterium, or halogen (such as F, C1, or Br);
  • R 6 is hydrogen, deuterium, or one or more deuterated or fully deuterated C1-C4 alkyl groups
  • R 7 is hydrogen, deuterium, or one or more deuterated or fully deuterated C1-C4 fluorenyl groups
  • An additional condition is that at least one of R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , RR 8 , R 9 , R 10 , R l R 12 , R 13 or R 14 is deuterated or deuterated.
  • the deuterated diphenyl urea is selected from the group consisting of:
  • Figure 1 is a graph showing the serum drug concentration (ng/ml) of male SD rats after oral administration of 3 mg/kg of the control compound CM4306.
  • Fig. 2 is a graph showing the serum drug concentration (ng/ml) of male SD rats after oral administration of 3 mg/kg of the compound CM4307 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a graph showing the inhibition effect of CM4306 and CM4307 on human hepatocellular carcinoma SMMC-7721 nude mouse transplantation model.
  • treatment means that the treatment time is 14 days. This is followed by an observation period after discontinuation of the drug. Five days before treatment is the model preparation period. detailed description
  • the deuterated omega-diphenylurea of the present invention and its pharmaceutically acceptable salt have significantly superior pharmacokinetics and/or compared to the undeuterated compound. Or pharmacodynamic properties, and therefore more suitable as a compound for inhibiting the rafm enzyme, and thus more suitable for the preparation of a medicament for treating cancer and related diseases.
  • halogen means? , Cl, Br, and I. More preferably, the halogen atom is selected from the group consisting of F, C1 and
  • mercapto includes straight or branched fluorenyl groups. Preferred mercapto groups are C1-C4 mercapto groups such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, t-butyl and the like.
  • deuterated refers to the replacement of one or more hydrogens in a compound or group by deuterium. Deuterated can be monosubstituted, disubstituted, polysubstituted or fully substituted. The terms “one or more deuterated” are used interchangeably with “one or more deuterated”.
  • the yttrium isotope content of lanthanum at the yttrium substitution site is greater than the natural strontium isotope content.
  • the compound of the formula (I) contains at least one deuterium atom, more preferably three deuterium atoms, more preferably five deuterium atoms.
  • compound CM4306 refers to the compound 4-(4-(3-(4-chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-ureide)-phenoxy)-N-methylpyridineamide .
  • compound CM4307 refers to the compound 4-(4-(3-(4-chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-ureide)-phenoxy)-2-(N-1) ', ⁇ ', ⁇ , - triterpene methyl) pyridine amide.
  • compound CM4308 refers to the compound 4-(4-(3-(4-chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl) ureide)-3-fluoro-phenoxy)-N- Methylpyridine amide.
  • compound CM4309 refers to the compound 4-(4-(3-(4-chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-ureide)-3-fluoro-phenoxy)-2- (Nl,,r,r-tridemethyl)pyridineamide.
  • TsOH means p-toluenesulfonic acid. Therefore, CM4307 ⁇ TsOH represents the p-toluenesulfonate of the compound CM4307. CM4309 * TsOH represents p-toluenesulfonate of compound CM4309. Deuterated diphenylurea
  • X is ⁇ or ⁇ + - ⁇ —
  • R 1 is halogen (such as F, C 1 or Br), one or more deuterated or fully deuterated C 1 -C 4 fluorenyl groups;
  • R 2 is undeuterated, one or more deuterated or fully deuterated C1-C4 fluorenyl groups, or a partially or fully halogen-substituted C1-C4 fluorenyl group;
  • R 3 , RR 5 , R 8 , R 9 , R 1Q , R", R 12 , R 13 , R 14 are each hydrogen, hydrazine, or halogen (eg,
  • R 6 is hydrogen, deuterium, or one or more deuterated or fully deuterated C1-C4 alkyl groups
  • R 7 is hydrogen, deuterium, or one or more deuterated or fully deuterated C1-C4 fluorenyl groups;
  • An additional condition is that at least one of R 2 , R 3 , RR 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 1Q , R l R 12 , R 13 or R 14 is deuterated or deuterated.
  • the cerium isotope content of the cerium at the cerium substitution site is at least greater than the natural strontium isotope content (0.015%), preferably greater than 30%, more preferably greater than 50%, and even more preferably greater than 75%.
  • the ground is greater than 95%, more preferably greater than 99%.
  • all elements other than H are all or substantially (>99 wt%) being the most abundant naturally occurring element.
  • H such as N, C, O, F, etc.
  • the compound of the formula (I) contains at least one deuterium atom, more preferably three deuterium atoms, more preferably five deuterium atoms.
  • R 1 is selected from halogen; more preferably chlorine;
  • R 2 is a trifluoromethyl group
  • R 6 or R 7 are each independently selected from the group consisting of: hydrogen, deuterium, deuterated methyl, or deuterated ethyl; more preferably, selected from monomethyl, dimethyl , tridecylmethyl, monoethylidene, dinonylethyl, tridecylethyl, tetradecylethyl, or pentadecylethyl.
  • R 6 or R 7 are each independently selected from the group consisting of: hydrogen, methyl or trimethyl.
  • R 3 , R 4 or R 5 are each independently selected from the group consisting of: hydrogen or deuterium.
  • R 8 , R 9 , R 1Q or R 1 1 are each independently selected from the group consisting of: hydrogen or deuterium.
  • R 12 , R 13 or R 14 are each independently selected from the group consisting of: hydrogen or deuterium.
  • the compound is a preferred compound selected from the group consisting of:
  • intermediate of the invention refers to N-(l,l,l-tridecylmethyl)benzosuccinyl
  • This intermediate may also be referred to as "deuterated methylphthalimide”.
  • All elements other than H (such as N, C, O, etc.) in the above formula are all or substantially (>99 wt%) being the most abundant naturally occurring elements, such as 14 N, 12 C and 16 O.
  • the preparation of the non-deuterated ⁇ -diphenylurea and its physiologically compatible salts used in the present invention are known.
  • the preparation of the corresponding deuterated ⁇ -diphenylurea can be carried out by the same route using the corresponding deuterated starting compound as a starting material.
  • the compound of the formula (I) of the present invention can be produced by the production method described in WO 2000/042012, except that the raw material used for deuteration in the reaction replaces the non-deuterated raw material.
  • each reaction is usually carried out in an inert solvent at room temperature to reflux temperature (e.g., 0 ° C - 80 ° C, preferably 0 ° C - 50 ° C).
  • the reaction time is usually from 0.1 to 60 hours, preferably from 0.5 to 48 hours.
  • CM4309 was obtained by the above-mentioned synthetic route.
  • Deuterated can be introduced by deuterated methylamine.
  • the deuterated methylamine or its hydrochloride can be obtained by the following reaction. Nitro-methyl hydrazine reacts with hydrazine in a base (sodium hydride, potassium hydride, sodium hydride, potassium hydride, potassium carbonate, etc.) or under a phase transfer catalyst The deuterated nitroformamidine is obtained, and if necessary, the above experiment is repeated to obtain a high purity deuterated nitroguanidine. Reduction of deuterated nitroformamidine, such as zinc powder, magnesium powder, iron or nickel, to obtain deuterated methylamine or its hydrochloride.
  • deuterated methylamine or its hydrochloride can be obtained by the following reaction.
  • CD3OD - CD 3 OTs CD 3 NH 2 -HCI or CD 3 NH 2
  • the key intermediate 3 can also be synthesized from deuterated methanol by the following method.
  • a plurality of deuterated diphenylureas can be conveniently and efficiently produced by the intermediate of the present invention.
  • the aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate (100 mL), and the filter cake was dissolved in water (300 mL) with acetic acid Ethyl acetate (200 mL), EtOAcjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjj
  • Step 2 of Example 1 was repeated, except that: phthalimide potassium salt was replaced with phthalimide (5.9 g, 40 mmol, 2.0 eq), and hydrogen was added in portions at 0 °C. Potassium oxide solid (2.2 g, 40 mmol, 2.0 eq). After stirring for 30 min, 4-(1,1,1-tridecylmethyl) 4-methylbenzenesulfonate (3.8 g, 20 mmol, l. A solution of Oeq) in DMF (10 mL) was added and the mixture was warmed to 60 ° C and stirred for 30 minutes. Filtration, washing and drying in vacuo to give the title compound as a white solid, 2.1 g,
  • Step 2 of Example 1 was repeated except that the phthalimide potassium salt was replaced with phthalimide (5.9 g, 40 mmol, 2.0 eq) and hydrogenation was added in portions at 0 °C.
  • Sodium (80%, 1.2 g, 40 mmol, 2.0 eq) after stirring for 30 minutes, add 4-methylbenzenesulfonic acid-(1,1,1-tridecylmethyl) ester (3.8 g, 20 mmol, l
  • the solution of .Oeq) in DMF (10 mL) was stirred and warmed to 60 ° C for 30 minutes.
  • the title compound was obtained as a white solid, 2.7 g, purity 86%, yield 80%.
  • N can be obtained more efficiently and with higher purity than the production process using phthalimide + potassium hydroxide or sodium hydride.
  • -(l,l,l-tridecylmethyl)benzosuccinimide which facilitates the subsequent reaction; on the other hand, since sodium hydride is not used, the reaction conditions are milder and the process is safer.
  • thionyl chloride 60 mL was added to maintain a temperature between 40 and 50 ° C, and anhydrous DMF (2 mL) was slowly added dropwise thereto. After the addition was completed, stirring was continued for 10 minutes, and nicotinic acid (20 g, 162.6 mmol) was added thereto in portions over 20 minutes, and the color of the solution gradually changed from green to light purple. The temperature was raised to 72 ° C and stirred under reflux for 16 hours to produce a large amount of solid precipitate.
  • the compound CM4307 can be dissolved in methylene chloride and reacted with m-chloroperoxybenzoic acid to give the corresponding oxidation product: 4-(4-(3-(4-chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)) Phenyl)ureido)phenoxy)-2-( ⁇ - ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ - ⁇
  • Example 2 Preparation of 4-chloropyridin-2-( ⁇ -1,1,1,-tridecylmethyl)formamide (3) 3
  • Methyl 4-chloro-2-picolinate (50 g, 291 mmol, leq) was placed in a three-necked flask containing 250 mL of tetrahydrofuran, and stirred, and 1,1,1-tridemethylamine hydrochloride (31 g, 437 mmol, 1.5 eq), 400-mesh anhydrous potassium carbonate (80 g, 583 mmol, 2 eq), stirred at room temperature for 20 hours, then water (250 mL) and methyl tert-butyl ether (150 mL). It was extracted with methyl tert-butyl ether (100 mL). EtOAc was evaporated.
  • p-Toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate (1.6 g, 8.5 mmol, 0.88 eq) was dissolved in absolute ethanol (5 mL), filtered, and warmed to 70 ° C. 4-(4-(3-(4-Chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl) ureide)-phenoxy)-2-(anthracene-fluorene, anthracene, fluorene-tris-methyl Pyridyl amide (4.5 g, 9.6 mol, leq) and p-toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate (0.66 g, 3.5 mmol, 0.36 eq) were suspended in ethanol (50 mL) and refluxed to an internal temperature of 78 ° C for 40 minutes.
  • 13 C NM (DMSO-d6, 400 MHz): ⁇ 21.1, 26.1, 1 1 1.7, 1 15.2, 1 17.0, 120.7(2C), 121.6 (2C), 121.9, 122.8, 123.2 , 124.6, 125.6 (2C), 127.2, 129.0 (2C), 132.3, 138.8, 139.5, 139.9, 144.1, 146.6, 147.2, 152.8, 159.9, 170.7 ppm.
  • the preparation method was the same as in Example 3.
  • Methanesulfonic acid (70%, 8.66mmol, lmL, 2 eq), the clear liquid was kept for about 0.5 minutes, the oil bath was turned off, and it was naturally cooled to room temperature, stirred for 1 hour, filtered to obtain insoluble matter, and dried under vacuum at 50 ° for 20 hours to obtain white.
  • the crystals were 2.36 g, and the yield was 83%.
  • Example 8 Compound N-(4-chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-N,-(4-(2- ⁇ -6-( ⁇ - ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ -trimethylamino) Preparation of formyl)-4-pyridyloxy)phenyl)urea
  • Example 9 The compound ⁇ -(4-chloro-3-(trimethyl)phenyl)-indole,-(4-(2-( ⁇ - ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ -trimethylaminocarbamoyl)) Preparation of 4-pyridyloxy)phenyl)urea:
  • Example 10 The procedure described in Example 1 was carried out except that 5-amino-2-chloro-trifluoromethylbenzene was replaced with 5-amino-2-chloro-trimethylbenzene to prepare the target compound.
  • Example 10 The procedure described in Example 1 was carried out except that 5-amino-2-chloro-trifluoromethylbenzene was replaced with 5-amino-2-chloro-trimethylbenzene to prepare the target compound.
  • Rats were fed a standard diet and given water and chlordiazepoxide. On the night before the experiment, the administration of chlordiazepoxide was stopped, and the chlordiazepoxide was re-administered 2 hours after the administration. Fasting began 16 hours before the test. The drug was dissolved with 30% PEG400. Blood was collected from the eyelids at a time point of 0.083 hours, 0.25 hours, 0.5 hours, 1 hour, 2 hours, 4 hours, 6 hours, 8 hours, and 24 hours after administration.
  • Rats were briefly anesthetized after inhalation of ether, and 300 uL blood samples were collected from the eyelids in test tubes. 30 ul in the test tube
  • CM4307 has a longer half-life T 1/2 than CM4306 [minutes For the other 1 1.3 ⁇ 2.1 hours and 8.6 ⁇ 1.4 hours, the area under the curve AUC ⁇ CM4307 is significantly higher than CM4306 [1 1255 ⁇ 2472 ng'h/mL and 7328 ⁇ 336 ng-h/mL respectively], CM4307 is better than CM4306 Apparent clearance was reduced [275 ⁇ 52 mL/h/kg and 410 ⁇ 18.7 mL/h/kg, respectively].
  • the compound of the present invention has better pharmacokinetics in animals and thus has better pharmacodynamics and management effects.
  • the metabolism of the compounds of the present invention in organisms is altered by deuteration.
  • hydroxylation on the phenyl group becomes difficult, which results in a decrease in the first-pass effect.
  • the dosage can be changed and a long acting preparation can be formed, which can also improve the applicability in the form of a long acting preparation.
  • Example 11 Pharmacodynamic evaluation of CM4307 on growth inhibition of human hepatocellular carcinoma SMMC-7721 nude mice xenografts
  • Balb/c nu/nu nude mice 6 weeks old, female, 70, were purchased from Shanghai Experimental Animal Resource Center (Shanghai Shipu-Beikai Experimental Animal Co., Ltd.).
  • SMMC-7721 cells were purchased from Shanghai Academy of Life Sciences (Shanghai, China).
  • SMMC-7721 cells in logarithmic growth phase were harvested. After counting, the cells were suspended in I xPBS, and the cell suspension concentration was adjusted to 1.5 ⁇ 10 7 /ml. Tumor cells were inoculated subcutaneously in the right side of nude mice with a lml syringe, 3x10 6 /0.2 ml/mouse. A total of 70 nude mice were inoculated.
  • the animals were randomly grouped, and a total of 58 animals were obtained, so that the tumor difference of each group was less than 10% of the mean, and administration was started.
  • test dose grouping settings are as follows:
  • CM4306 and CM4307 were administered at a single dose of 10, 30, 100 mg/kg daily for 2 weeks, and both compounds showed a dose-dependent inhibition of tumor growth.
  • T/C% of CM4306 was 56.9%, 40.6%, and 32.2%, respectively.
  • 17 (3 (%) of CM4307 were 53.6%, 40.8%, and 19.6%, respectively.
  • 17% of the 100 mg/kg dose group were ⁇ 40%, and the tumor volume was significantly different from the control group (p ⁇ 0.01). The role of inhibition of tumor growth.
  • CM4307 in the 100 mg/kg group was stronger than the CM4306 high dose group (optimal T/C% was 19.6% and 32.2%, dl5, respectively), and there was a significant difference between the tumor volume groups (p ⁇ 0.01).
  • PDGF- ⁇ protein tyrosine kinase molecular level inhibitory activity For c-Kit, PDGF- ⁇ protein tyrosine kinase molecular level inhibitory activity
  • the reaction substrate Poly(Glu, Tyr) 4:1 was purchased from Sigma; monoclonal antibody against phosphotyrosine PY99 was purchased from Santa Cmz; horseradish peroxidase-labeled goat anti-mouse IgG was purchased from Calbiochem; ATP, DTT, OPD were purchased from Amresco; ELISA plates were purchased from Corning; Sul l248 was purchased from Merk.
  • the kinase reaction substrate Poly(Glu, Tyr) 4: 1 was diluted to 20 g/ml with potassium-free PBS and coated with an enzyme plate.
  • diphenyl urea added to the test sample coated microtiter plate well good (first with test samples formulated as 10- 2 ⁇ DMSO stock solution, is diluted before use with the reaction buffer to the desired concentration, was added Into the experimental well, the final concentration in the 100 ⁇ reaction system was 10 _ 5 mol/L).
  • a positive control well was established, and the positive control compound Sul l248 was added.
  • ATP solution diluted with the reaction buffer (ATP final concentration of 5 ⁇ ) was added, and finally, the test tyrosine kinase diluted with the reaction buffer was added.
  • the total volume of the reaction system is 100 ⁇ l. Negative control wells and enzyme-free control wells were also established.
  • the reaction system was placed in a wet box, shaken at 37 ° C for 1 h in the dark, and T-PBS was washed three times after the reaction.
  • the antibody PY99 ⁇ ⁇ /well was added and reacted at 37 ° C for 30 min.
  • the plate was washed three times with T-PBS.
  • Horseradish peroxidase-labeled goat anti-mouse IgG 100 ⁇ /well was added and shaken at 37 ° C for 30 min.
  • the plate was washed three times with T-PBS.
  • the reaction was stopped by the addition of 2 MH 2 SO 4 50 l and the value of 492 was measured using a tunable wavelength microplate reader VERSAmax.
  • the inhibition rate of the sample is calculated by the following formula:
  • test compound at a test concentration 10- 5 mol / L, greater than 50% inhibition is determined that effective; less than 50% inhibition is determined invalid.

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Description

制备氘代二苯基脲的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及化学合成领域,更具体涉及可用于制备氘代二苯基脲的中间体及 所述中间体的合成方法和应用。 背景技术
已知的 ω-二苯基脲衍生物是 c-RAF 激酶活性的化合物。 例如在 WO 2000/042012中公开了一类 ω-羧基芳基取代的二苯基脲, 及其在治疗癌症以及相 关疾病中的用途。 ω-二苯基脲化合物如索拉非尼 (Sorafenib)最先被发现是 c-RAF 激酶的抑制 剂, 之后不断的研究发现它还能抑制 MEK和 ERK信号传导通路、血管内皮生长 因子 -2(VEGFR-2)、 血管内皮生长因子 -3(VEGFR-3)、 以及血小板源生长因子 - β (PDGFR- β )的酪氨酸激酶的活性 (Curr Pharm Des 2002;8:2255 - 2257), 因此它被 称之为多激酶抑制剂, 具有双重抗肿瘤作用。
索拉非尼 (Sorafenib), 商品名 Nexavar, 是由拜耳公司和 ONXY公司共同研 制的一种新型的口服多激酶抑制剂, 由于它在一项针对晚期肾癌的 III期临床研 究中的卓越表现, 2005年 12月被 FDA快速批准用于治疗晚期肾细胞癌, 2006 年 11月在中国上市。 然而,索拉非尼 (Sorafenib) 具有多种副作用, 例如高血压、 体重减轻、 皮疹等。 然而, 现有的制备氘代二苯基脲化合物的工艺尚不成熟, 存在成本高、 得率 低、 产物纯度低或不易分离等缺点, 因此本领域迫切需要开发新的高效地制备高 纯度的二苯基脲化合物的工艺。 发明内容
本发明的目的就是提供一种高效地制备高纯度的二苯基脲化合物的工艺以 及用于该工艺的中间体。 在本发明的第一方面,提供了一种制备 N-(l,l,l-三氘代甲基)苯并丁二酰亚胺 的方法, 包括步骤: (a)在惰性溶剂中, 将邻苯二甲酰亚胺的碱金属盐与式 A化合物进行反应,
Figure imgf000004_0001
式中, Z为 CH3, O-CD3,或 , 其中 R为甲基、 硝基或卤素 (F、 C1或 Br), 从而形成 N-(l,l,l-三氘代甲基)苯并丁二酰亚胺:
Figure imgf000004_0002
在另一优选例中, 所述的惰性溶剂包括: N, N-二甲基甲酰胺 (DMF)、 N, N-二甲基乙酰胺 (DMA)、 二甲基亚砜 (DMSO)、 N-甲基吡咯垸酮 (NMP)、 四氢呋 喃、 1, 4-二氧六环、 或其组合。
在另一优选例中, 步骤 (a)中, 反应温度为 -10°C至回流温度, 较佳地为 -4°C 至 100°C, 更佳地为 20-80°C。
在另一优选例中,反应时间为 0.1-24小时,较佳地为 0.3-5小时,更佳地为 0.5-2 小时。
在另一优选例中, 步骤 (a)中, 所述的邻苯二甲酰亚胺碱金属盐包括 (但并不 限于): 邻苯二甲酰亚胺钾盐、 邻苯二甲酰亚胺钠盐、 邻苯二甲酰亚胺锂盐或其 组合。
在另一优选例中, 步骤 (a)中, 所述的式 A化合物包括 4-甲基苯磺酸 -(1,1,1-三 氘代甲基)酯、 3-硝基苯磺酸 -(1,1,1-三氘代甲基)酯, 或 4-硝基苯磺酸 -(1,1,1-三氘 代甲基)酯。
在另一优选例中, 所述方法在步骤 (a)之前还包括步骤 (al):
在碱性条件下和惰性溶剂中, 将氘代甲醇与对甲苯磺酰氯进行反应, 从而形 成 4-甲基苯磺酸 -(1,1,1-三氘代甲基)酯。
在另一优选例中, 步骤 (al)中所述的惰性溶剂包括水、 四氢呋喃、 或其混合 溶剂。
在本发明的第二方面, 提供了一种制备 1,1,1-三氘代甲胺盐的方法, 包括步 骤:
在惰性溶剂或水性溶剂中,将 N-(l,l,l-三氘代甲基)苯并丁二酰亚胺与酸进行 反应, 从而形成 1,1,1-三氘代甲胺盐, 其中所述的酸包括: 盐酸、 硫酸、 氢溴酸、 三氟乙酸、 或其组合。 在另一优选例中, 所述的反应温度为 30至回流温度 (如 120 °C ), 较佳地为 40-1 10°C。
在另一优选例中, 反应时间为 0.5-48小时,较佳地为 1-36小时, 更佳地为 2-24 小时。
在本发明的第三方面, 提供了一种可用于制备氘代二苯基脲的中间体, 所述 的中间体是 N-(l,l,l-三氘代甲基)苯并丁二酰亚胺。
在另一优选例中, 用于制备氘代二苯基脲或用作制备氘代二苯基脲的原料。 在另一优选例中,
Figure imgf000005_0001
式中:
X 是 N或者 N+-O—;
R1是卤素 (如 F,C1或 Br), 一个或多个氘代的或全氘代的 C1-C4垸基; R2是未氘代的、 一个或多个氘代的或全氘代的 C1-C4垸基, 或者部分或全 部卤素取代的 C1-C4垸基;
R3、 R R5、 R8、 R9、 R1Q、 R"、 R12、 R13、 R14分别是氢、 氘、 或卤素 (如 F,C1,或 Br);
R6是氢、 氘、 或一个或多个氘代的或全氘代的 C1-C4垸基;
R7是氢、 氘、 或一个或多个氘代的或全氘代的 C1-C4垸基;
附加条件是 R2、 R3、 R4、 R5、 R6、 R R8、 R9、 R10、 Rl R12、 R13或 R14中 至少一个是氘代的或氘。
更佳地, 所述的氘代二苯基脲选自下组:
4-(4-(3-(4-氯 -3- (三氟甲基)苯基]酰脲) -苯氧基) -2-( N-l,,r,r-三氘代甲基)口比 啶酰胺 (CM4307);
4-(4-(3-(4-氯 -3- (三氟甲基)苯基]酰脲) -苯氧基) -2-( N-l,,r,r-三氘代甲基)口比 啶酰胺对甲苯磺酸盐 (CM4307 · TsOH);
4-(4-(3-(4-氯 -3- (三氟甲基)苯基]酰脲) -3-氟-苯氧基) -2-( N-l,,r,r-三氘代甲 基)吡啶酰胺 (CM4309);
4-(4-(3-(4-氯 -3- (三氟甲基)苯基]酰脲) -3-氟-苯氧基) -2-( N-l,,r,r-三氘代甲 基)吡啶酰胺对甲苯磺酸盐 (CM4309 · TsOH)o 应理解, 在本发明范围内中, 本发明的上述各技术特征和在下文 (如实施例) 中具体描述的各技术特征可以互相组合, 从而构成新的或优选的技术方案。 限于 篇幅, 在此不再一一累述。 附图说明
图 1是雄性 SD大鼠口服 3mg/kg对照化合物 CM4306后的血清药物浓度 (ng/ml) 曲线图。
图 2是雄性 SD大鼠口服 3mg/kg本发明化合物 CM4307后的血清药物浓度 (ng/ml)曲线图。
图 3是 CM4306和 CM4307对人肝细胞癌 SMMC-7721裸鼠移植模型的抑制作 用曲线图。 图中, " treatment"表示治疗的时间为 14天。 随后为停药后的观察 期。 治疗前 5天是模型制备期。 具体实施方式
本发明人经过研究, 意外地发现, 本发明的氘代的 ω-二苯基脲及其药学上可 接受的盐与未经氘代的化合物相比, 具有明显更优异的药物动力学和 /或药效学 性能, 因此更适合作为抑制 rafm酶的化合物, 进而更适用制备治疗癌症以及相关 疾病的药物。
此外,本发明人还发现,采用新的中间体 N-(l,l,l-三氘代甲基)苯并丁二酰亚 胺, 可以更高效地、 更简便地制备高纯度的二苯基脲化合物。 在此基础上完成了 本发明。 术语
如本文所用, "卤素"指?、 Cl、 Br、 和 I。 更佳地, 卤原子选自 F、 C1和
Br。 如本文所用, "垸基 "包括直链或支链的垸基。 优选的垸基是 C1-C4垸基, 例如甲基、 乙基、 丙基、 异丙基、 丁基、 异丁基、 叔丁基等。 如本文所用, "氘代"指化合物或基团中的一个或多个氢被氘所取代。 氘代 可以是一取代、 二取代、 多取代或全取代。 术语 "一个或多个氘代的"与 "一次 或多次氘代" 可互换使用。 在另一优选例中,氘在氘取代位置的氘同位素含量是大于天然氘同位素含量
(0.015%),更佳地大于 50%,更佳地大于 75%,更佳地大于 95%,更佳地大于 97%, 更佳地大于 99%, 更佳地大于 99.5%。
在另一优选例中, 式 (I)化合物至少含有 1个氘原子, 更佳地 3个氘原子, 更 佳地 5个氘原子。
如本文所用, 术语 "化合物 CM4306"指化合物 4-(4-(3-(4-氯 -3- (三氟甲基)苯 基]酰脲) -苯氧基) -N-甲基吡啶酰胺。
如本文所用, 术语 "化合物 CM4307"指化合物 4-(4-(3-(4-氯 -3- (三氟甲基)苯 基]酰脲) -苯氧基) -2-( N-1 ', Ι ', Ι,-三氘代甲基)吡啶酰胺。
如本文所用, 术语 "化合物 CM4308 "指化合物 4-(4-(3-(4-氯 -3- (三氟甲基)苯 基]酰脲) -3-氟-苯氧基) -N-甲基吡啶酰胺。
如本文所用, 术语 "化合物 CM4309"指化合物 4-(4-(3-(4-氯 -3- (三氟甲基)苯 基]酰脲) -3-氟-苯氧基) -2-( N-l,,r,r-三氘代甲基)吡啶酰胺。
如本文所用, 术语 " TsOH"表示对甲苯磺酸。 因此, CM4307 · TsOH表示 化合物 CM4307的对甲苯磺酸盐。 CM4309 * TsOH表示化合物 CM4309的对甲苯磺 酸盐。 氘代二苯基脲
在本发明的优选的氘
Figure imgf000007_0001
(I)
式中:
X 是 Ν或者 Ν+-Ο—;
R1是卤素 (如 F,C1或 Br), 一个或多个氘代的或全氘代的 C1-C4垸基;
R2是未氘代的、 一个或多个氘代的或全氘代的 C1-C4垸基, 或者部分或全 部卤素取代的 C1-C4垸基;
R3、 R R5、 R8、 R9、 R1Q、 R"、 R12、 R13、 R14分别是氢、 氘、 或卤素 (如
F,C1,或 Br);
R6是氢、 氘、 或一个或多个氘代的或全氘代的 C1-C4垸基;
R7是氢、 氘、 或一个或多个氘代的或全氘代的 C1-C4垸基; 附加条件是 R2、 R3、 R R5、 R6、 R7、 R8、 R9、 R1Q、 Rl R12、 R13或 R14 中至少一个是氘代的或氘。
在另一优选例中,氘在氘取代位置的氘同位素含量至少是大于天然氘同位素 含量 (0.015%), 较佳地大于 30%, 更佳地大于 50%, 更佳地大于 75%, 更佳地大 于 95%, 更佳地大于 99%。
在另一优选例中, 式 (I)化合物中的除 H之外的其他元素 (如 N、 C、 O、 F等) 全部或基本上 (>99wt%)为丰度最高的天然存在的元素,例如 14N、 12C:、 16O和 19F。
在另一优选例中, 式 (I)化合物至少含有 1个氘原子, 更佳地 3个氘原子, 更 佳地 5个氘原子。
在另一优选例中, R1选自卤素; 更佳的是氯;
在另一优选例中, R2是三氟甲基;
在另一优选例中, R6或 R7分别独立地选自: 氢、 氘、 氘代的甲基、 或氘代 的乙基; 更佳地, 选自一氘甲基、 二氘甲基、 三氘甲基、 一氘乙基、 二氘乙基、 三氘乙基、 四氘乙基、 或五氘乙基。
在另一优选例中, R6或 R7分别独立地选自: 氢、 甲基或三氘甲基。
在另一优选例中, R3、 R4或 R5分别独立地选自: 氢或氘。
在另一优选例中, R8、 R9、 R1Q或 R1 1分别独立地选自: 氢或氘。
在另一优选例中, R12、 R13或 R14分别独立地选自: 氢或氘。
在另一优选例中, 所述化合物是选自下组的优选化合物:
N-(4-氯 -3- (三氟甲基)苯基) -Ν,-(4-(2-(Ν-Γ,Γ,Γ-三氘甲基氨基甲酰基 )-4-吡 啶基氧)苯基)脲;
Figure imgf000008_0001
4-(4-(3-(4-氯 -3- (三氟甲基) 苯基)脲基)苯氧基 )-2-(Ν-Γ,Γ,Γ-三氘甲基氨基 甲酰基)吡啶 -1-氧化物;
Figure imgf000008_0002
Ν-(4-氯 -3- (三氟甲基)苯基) -Ν,-(2,6-二氘 -4-(2-(Ν-Γ,Γ,Γ-三氘甲基氨基甲酰 基) -4-吡啶基氧)苯基)脲;
Figure imgf000009_0001
N-(4-氯 -3- (三氟甲基)苯基) -N,-(4-(2-氘 -6-(Ν-Γ,Γ,Γ-三氘甲基氨基甲酰 基) -4-吡啶基氧)苯基)脲;
Figure imgf000009_0002
或 Ν-(4-氯 -3- (三氘甲基)苯基) -Ν,-(4-(2-(Ν-Γ,Γ,Γ-三氘甲基氨基甲酰基 )-4- 吡啶基氧)苯基)脲;
Figure imgf000009_0003
或 4-(4-(3-(4-氯 -3- (三氟甲基)苯基]酰脲) -3-氟-苯氧基) -2-( N-l,,r,r-三氘代甲 基)吡啶酰胺。
Figure imgf000009_0004
中间体
如本文所用, 术语"本发明的中间体"指 N-(l,l,l-三氘代甲基)苯并丁二酰亚
Figure imgf000009_0005
该中间体也可称为 "氘代甲基邻苯二甲酰亚胺" 。
上式化合物中的除 H之外的其他元素 (如 N、C、O等)全部或基本上 (>99wt%) 为丰度最高的天然存在的元素, 例如 14N、 12C和 16O。
制备方法 下面更具体地描述本发明中间体以及式 ω结构化合物的制备方法, 但这些具 体方法不对本发明构成任何限制。 本发明化合物还可以任选将在本说明书中描述 的或本领域已知的各种合成方法组合起来而方便的制得, 这样的组合可由本发明 所属领域的技术人员容易的进行。
本发明使用的未氘代的 ω-二苯基脲及其生理上相容的盐的制备方法是已知 的。对应氘代的 ω-二苯基脲的制备可以用相应的氘代起始化合物为原料,用同样 的路线合成。 例如, 本发明式 (I)化合物可按 WO 2000/042012中所述的制备方法 制备, 不同点在于在反应中用于氘代的原料代替非氘代的原料。
通常, 在制备流程中, 各反应通常在惰性溶剂中, 在室温至回流温度 (如 0°C -80 °C , 优选 0°C -50°C)下进行。 反应时间通常为 0.1小时 -60小时, 较佳地为 0.5-48 小时。
以化合 CM4307为例, 一种特别优选的制备流程如下:
Figure imgf000010_0001
此外, 用化合物 3-氟 -4-氨基-苯酚替换化合物 4, 采用上述合成路线, 可制 得 CM4309。
氘代可以通过氘代甲胺引入的。
可通过以下反应得到氘代甲胺或其盐酸盐。 硝基甲垸在碱 (氢化钠、 氢化钾、 氘代氢氧化钠、 氘代氢氧化钾、 碳酸钾等), 或在相转移催化剂下, 和氘水反应 得到氘代硝基甲垸, 如有必要, 重复上述实验, 以得到高纯度的氘代硝基甲垸。 氘代硝基甲垸还原, 如锌粉、镁粉、铁或镍等作用下, 得到氘代甲胺或其盐酸盐。
D20 还原
CH-,ΝΟ· 2 *- CD3N02 CD3NH2-HCI 或 CD3NH2 再者可以通过以下反应得到氘代甲胺或其盐酸盐。
TsCI
CD3OD - CD3OTs CD3NH2-HCI 或 CD3NH2
Figure imgf000011_0001
关键中间体 3也可以通过如下方法从氘代甲醇合成。
Figure imgf000011_0002
3
其具体合成方法在实施例 1中有详细的说明。 本发明的主要优点包括:
(1) 通过改进工艺,可更高效地和高纯度地制得中间体 N-(l,l,l-三氘代甲基) 苯并丁二酰亚胺, 有助于后续反应。
(2) 通过本发明中间体, 可以方便高效地制备多种氘代二苯基脲。
(3) 反应条件更加温和, 操作过程更为安全。 下面结合具体实施例, 进一步阐述本发明。 应理解, 这些实施例仅用于说明 本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。 下列实施例中未注明具体条件的实验方法, 通常按照常规条件, 或按照制造厂商所建议的条件。 除非另外说明, 否则份数和 百分比为重量份和重量百分比。 中间体制备例 1
(1)合成中间体 7V-(1,1,1-三氘代甲基)苯并丁二酰亚胺
Figure imgf000012_0001
1: 4-甲基苯磺酸 -(1,1,1-三氘代甲基)酯的制备
将氢氧化钠(180g, 4.5 mol, 5.0eq)加入到水 (288 mL)中, 在 0°C下, 加入氘 代甲醇 (32.4g, 900mmol, l .Oeq),并缓慢滴加对甲苯磺酰氯 (206 g,l .l mmol, 1.2eq) 的四氢呋喃 (288 mL)溶液。 升至室温搅拌过夜。 在 25°C以下滴加醋酸 (206 g)中和 至中性, 对反应混合物进行过滤, 分液, 水层用乙酸乙酯 (100 mL)萃取, 滤饼用 水 (300 mL)溶解, 并用乙酸乙酯萃取 (200 mL)并有机相, 用饱和碳酸钠 (100 mL) 洗涤, 用饱和食盐水 (100 mL)洗涤, 有机相无水硫酸钠干燥, 过滤, 减压除去溶 剂, 得到标题化合物, 为浅黄色液体 160.5 g, 纯度 99%, 收率 94%。
1H NMR(CDC13, 400 MHz): δ 3.20 (s, 3H), 7.71-7.75(m, 2H), 7.84-7.88(m,
2H).
2: N-(l,l,l-三氘代甲基)苯并丁二酰亚胺的制备
将邻苯二甲酰亚胺钾盐(166.7 g, 0.9 mol, 2.0eq)加入至 N, N-二甲基甲酰胺 (DMF, 225 mL)中,室温下滴加上一步骤制备的 4-甲基苯磺酸 -(1,1,1-三氘代甲基) 酯 (85.2 g, 0.45 mmol, l .Oeq),在 60°C下搅拌 0.5小时。趁热过滤,滤饼用 DMF(250 mL)洗涤, 过滤取出滤饼, 再次用 DMF(lOO mL)洗涤, 合并 DMF溶液, 在 0 °C 下, 滴加水 (1150 mL), 析出白色固体, 过滤, 并用水 (100 mLX 2)洗涤, 真空干 燥得到标题化合物, 为白色固体 66g, 纯度 99.6%, 收率 88%。
1H NMR(CDC13, 400 MHz): δ 7.71-7.77(m, 2H), 7.84-7.88(m, 2H).
3: 1,1,1-三氘代甲胺盐酸盐的制备
在室温下, 将 N-(l,l,l-三氘代甲基)苯并丁二酰亚胺 (82g, 0.5mol, leq)加入 至蒸馏水 (625 mL)与浓盐酸 (625mL, 7.5mol, 15eq)的混合液中, 升温至 105度 回流过夜。 冷却至室温, 过滤, 并用蒸馏水洗涤 (50 mLX 2), 减压除去盐酸, 得 到淡黄色固体, 加入无水乙醇 (140 mL), 回流 1小时, 冷却至室温, 过滤, 并用 乙醇 (30mL)洗涤,滤饼真空干燥得到标题化合物, 为白色固体 28 g,纯度 >99.5%, 收率 80%。
1H NM (DMSO-d6, 400 MHz): δ 8.05(br, 2H). 中间体制备例 2 亚胺
Figure imgf000013_0001
1: N-(l,l,l-三氘代甲基)苯并丁二酰亚胺的制备
重复实施例 1 的步骤 2, 不同点在于: 用邻苯二甲酰亚胺 (5.9g, 40mmol, 2.0eq)替换邻苯二甲酰亚胺钾盐, 并且在 0°C下分批加入氢氧化钾固体 (2.2g, 40mmol, 2.0eq), 搅拌 30分钟后,滴加 4-甲基苯磺酸 -(1,1,1-三氘代甲基)酯 (3.8g, 20mmol, l .Oeq)的 DMF(lOmL)溶液, 滴加完毕升温至 60°C搅拌 30分钟。 相同方 法进行过滤、 洗涤和真空干燥, 得到标题化合物, 为白色固体, 2.1g, 纯度 81%, 收率约 62%。
中间体制备例 3
Figure imgf000013_0002
1: N-(l,l,l-三氘代甲基)苯并丁二酰亚胺的制备
重复实施例 1的步骤 2,不同点在于:用邻苯二甲酰亚胺 (5.9g,40mmol,2.0eq) 替换邻苯二甲酰亚胺钾盐, 并且在 0°C下分批加入氢化钠 (80%, 1.2g, 40mmol, 2.0eq), 搅拌 30分钟后, 滴加 4-甲基苯磺酸 -(1,1,1-三氘代甲基)酯 (3.8g, 20mmol, l .Oeq)的 DMF(lOmL)溶液,滴加完毕升温至 60°C搅拌 30分钟。相同方法进行过滤、 洗涤和真空干燥, 得到标题化合物, 为白色固体, 2.7g, 纯度 86%, 收率 80%。
从上述实验可以看出, 上述 3种方法都可制得新的中间体 N-(l,l,l-三氘代甲 基)苯并丁二酰亚胺。 然而, 采用邻苯二甲酰亚胺钾盐作为中间体, 与采用邻苯 二甲酰亚胺 +氢氧化钾或氢化钠的生产工艺相比,一方面可以更高效地和高纯度 地获得 N-(l,l,l-三氘代甲基)苯并丁二酰亚胺, 有助于后续反应; 另一方面, 由于 不使用氢化钠, 导致反应条件更加温和, 操作过程更为安全。
对于中间体制备例 1的步骤 3而言, 由于采用了高纯度的 N-(l,l,l-三氘代甲 基)苯并丁二酰亚胺, 因此可以获得高纯度的 1,1,1-三氘代甲胺盐酸盐(纯度
Figure imgf000013_0003
实施例 1 : ^(4-氯-3-(三氟甲基)苯基)-^-(4-(2-(^1,,1,,1,-三氘甲基氨基甲酰 基) _4_吡啶基氧)苯基)脲 (化合物 CM4307)
Figure imgf000014_0001
1、 4-氯吡啶-2-^-1,,1,,1,-三氘代甲基)甲酰胺(3)的制备
在配有尾气处理装置的 250 mL单颈圆底烧瓶中, 加入氯化亚砜 (60 mL), 维 持温度在 40〜50°C之间, 向其中缓慢的滴加无水 DMF(2 mL), 滴加完毕后,继续 搅拌 10分钟, 在 20分钟内向其中分批加入烟酸 (20 g, 162.6 mmol) , 溶液的颜 色逐渐由绿色转变为浅紫色。 将温度升到 72°C, 搅拌回流 16小时, 产生大量的 固体沉淀物。 冷却到室温, 用甲苯 (100 mL)稀释, 浓缩至近干, 然后再用甲苯稀 释, 浓缩至干。 过滤, 用甲苯洗涤, 得到淡黄色的 3-氯 -吡啶 -2-甲酰氯固体。 冰 浴下将此固体慢慢的加入到氘代甲胺的四氢呋喃饱和溶液中,维持温度低于 5 °C, 继续搅拌 5小时。 浓缩, 加乙酸乙酯, 析出白色固体, 滤除, 滤液用饱和食盐水 洗涤, 无水硫酸钠干燥, 浓缩至干, 得到淡黄色的 4-氯吡啶 -2-(N- l,,r,r-三氘代 甲基)甲酰胺 (3) (20.68 g), 收率 73%。
1H NM (CDC13, 300 MHz): 8.37 (d, 1H), 8.13 (s, 1H), 7.96(br, 1H), 7.37(d,
1H). 2、 4-(4-氨苯氧基)-2-吡啶-(^-1,,1,,1,-三氘代甲基)甲酰胺(5)的制备
向 100 mL干燥的无水 DMF中依次加入对氨基苯酚 (9.54 g, 0.087 mol),叔丁 醇钾(10.3 g, 0.092 mol), 溶液变成深褐色, 室温下搅拌 2小时后, 向其中加入 4- 氯吡啶 -2-(N- l,,r,r-三氘代甲基)甲酰胺 (3)(13.68 g, 0.079 mol),无水碳酸钾 (6.5 g, 0.0467 mol) , 将反应液温度升到 80°C后继续搅拌过夜。 TLC检测反应完毕, 冷 却到室温,将反应液倒入乙酸乙酯 (150 mL)和饱和食盐水 (150 mL)的混和溶液中, 搅拌分层, 静置后分液, 水层用乙酸乙酯萃取 (100 mLx3), 合并萃取液, 用饱和 水洗涤 (100 mLx3), 无水硫酸钠干燥, 浓缩, 得到淡黄色的 4-(4-氨苯氧基) -2-吡 啶 -(N- l,,r,r-三氘代甲基)甲酰胺 (18.00 g), 收率 92%。
1H NM (CDC13, 300 MHz): 8.32 (d, 1H), 7.99 (br, 1H), 7.66 (s, 1H), 6.91— 6.85 (m, 3H), 6.69 (m, 2H), 3.70 (br, s, 2H).
3、 N-(4-氯 -3- (三氟甲基)苯基) -Ν,-(4-(2-(Ν-1,,1,,1,-三氘甲基氨基甲酰基) -4- 吡啶基氧)苯基)脲 (CM4307)的制备
向 120 mL二氯甲垸中加入 5-氨基 -2-氯 -三氟甲基苯(15.39 g, 78.69 mol) , NN'-羰基二咪唑 (CDI)(13.55 g, 83.6 mmol) , 室温搅拌 16小时后, 向其中缓慢的 滴加 4-(4-氨苯氧基) -2-吡啶 -(N- l,,r,r-三氘代甲基)甲酰胺 (18 g, 73 mmol)的二氯 甲垸 (180 mL)溶液, 室温下继续搅拌 18小时。 TLC检测反应完毕, 旋去部分二 氯甲垸溶剂至 100 mL左右, 室温放置数小时, 有大量白色固体析出, 抽滤, 固 体用大量二氯甲垸洗涤。 滤液浓缩去除部分溶剂后, 又析出部分固体, 合并两次 固体, 用大量二氯甲垸再次洗涤, 得到白色粉状的 Ν-(4-氯 -3- (三氟甲基)苯 基) -Ν,-(4-(2-(Ν- Γ,Γ,Γ-三氘甲基氨基甲酰基 )-4-吡啶基氧)苯基)脲 CM4307纯品 (20.04 g) , 收率 58%。
1H NMR (CD3OD, 300 MHz): 8.48 (d, 1H), 8.00 (d, 1H), 7.55 (m, 5H), 7.12 (d,
1H), 7.08 (s, 2H), ESI-H MS m/z: C21H13D3C1F3N4O3, Calcd. 467.1 1 , Found 490.07 (M+Na)+.
另外, 可将化合物 CM4307溶于二氯甲垸中, 与间氯过氧苯甲酸进行反应, 制得相应的氧化产物: 4-(4-(3-(4-氯 -3-(三氟甲基) 苯基)脲基)苯氧 基) -2-(Ν- Γ,Γ,Γ-三氘
Figure imgf000015_0001
实施例 2: 4-氯吡啶-2-(^-1,,1,,1,-三氘代甲基)甲酰胺(3)的制备 3
Figure imgf000016_0001
3 a) 将邻苯二甲酰亚胺(14.7g, O. lmol), 氘代甲醇 (3.78g, 0.105mol, 1.05eq), 三苯 基膦 (28.8g, O. l lmol, l . l eq)溶于无水四氢呋喃中, 冰浴下滴加 DEAD(l . leq)的四 氢呋喃溶液, 滴加完毕后室温搅拌一小时。 过柱提纯, 或者溶剂旋干后, 加适量 DCM 于冰箱冷冻析出固体后过滤, 滤液旋干, 再快速过柱, 得纯品氘代甲基邻 苯二甲酰亚胺 14.8g。 收率 90%。
上述工艺虽然可制备本发明中间体, 反应后产物纯度较低, 需要过柱纯化, 后处理过程繁锁, 三苯基膦和偶氮二甲酸二乙酯 (DEAD)等试剂等对环境不友好, 因此不适合工业化生产。
b) 氘代甲基邻苯二甲酰亚胺(12.5g, 0.077mol)溶于适量盐酸 (6N, 50ml)中, 于封管中回流 24-30小时, 反应液冷却至室温后, 置于冰箱中冷却到零度以下, 过滤析出的固体, 用冷的去离子水洗涤, 收集滤液, 旋蒸除水并干燥得到氘代甲 胺盐酸盐。 加入无水 DCM(l OOml)于氘代甲胺盐酸盐中, 并加入 4-氯烟酸甲酯盐 酸盐 (6.52g, 0.038mol, 0.5 eq), 碳酸钠(12.2g, 0.12mol, 1.5eq), 反应瓶密封, 置于 冰箱中反应一天。 TLC检测反应, 完毕后水洗, 干燥, 浓缩, 过柱提纯。 得化合 物 4-氯吡啶 -2-(N- l,,r,r-三氘代甲基)甲酰胺 (3),5.67g, 收率 86% 。其结构特征与 实施例 1一致。 实施例 3
通过中间体 7V-(1,1,1-三氘代甲基)苯并丁二酰亚胺合成二苯基脲化合物
CM4307
Figure imgf000017_0001
1: 4-氯吡啶-2-(^-1,,1,,1,-三氘代甲基)酰胺 2的制备
将 4-氯 -2-吡啶甲酸甲酯 (50g, 291 mmol, leq)置入盛有 250mL四氢呋喃的三 口瓶中, 搅拌并加入 1,1,1-三氘代甲胺盐酸盐 (31g, 437mmol, 1.5eq), 400目的无 水碳酸钾 (80g, 583mmol, 2eq), 室温搅拌 20小时后加入水 (250mL)和甲基叔丁基 醚 (150mL), 搅拌分层, 分液, 水相用甲基叔丁基醚萃取 (100mL), 合并有机相并 加入无水硫酸钠干燥并过滤, 减压除去溶剂得到浅黄色液体 48g, 纯度 99%, 收 率 96%。
1H NM (DMSO-d6, 400 MHz): δ 7.64(dd, J = 2Hz, 5.2Hz, 1H), 7.97(d, J = 1.6Hz, 1H), 8.54(d, J = 5.2Hz, 1H), 8.74(br, 1H).
MS (ESI, m/z) calcd. for C7H4D3ClN2O: 173, found: 174 [M +H]+
2: 4-(4-氨苯氧基) - 2-吡啶-( 1,,1,,1,-三氘代甲基)酰胺 3制备
在氮气保护下,将 4-氯吡啶 -2-(N-l,,r,r-三氘代甲基)酰胺 (2.4 g, 13.8 mmol, 169)溶于二甲亚砜(1011^), 加入 4-氨基苯酚(1.6 g, 14.9 mmol, 1.08eq), 再分批 加入叔丁醇钾(1.7 g, 15.2 mmol, l . leq), 待内温稳定后, 升温并保持内温 80°C反 应 4小时。 降至室温加入异丙醇 (10mL)搅拌稀释反应液, 在氮气保护下滴加浓盐 酸 (37%, 10mL), 搅拌 1小时后过滤。取出固体溶入水 (20 mL), 加入活性炭 (0.1g), 搅拌 1小时, 过滤, 向滤液中缓慢滴加碳酸钾溶液 (2g碳酸钾溶于 6mL水), 观察到 固体析出, 过滤并用水 (5mL)洗涤, 真空干燥得到淡棕色晶体 2.7g, 纯度 99.9%, 收率 78%。
1H NM (DMSO-d6, 400 MHz): δ 5.19(br, 2H), 6.66-6.68(m, 2H), 6.86-6.88(m, 2H), 7.07(dd, J = 2.8Hz, 5.6Hz, 1H), 7.36(d, J = 2.8Hz, 1H), 8.45(d, J = 5.6Hz, 1H), 8.72(br, 1H). MS (ESI, m/z) calcd. for C13H10D3N3O2C1: 246, found: 247[M +H]+ 3: 4-(4-(3-(4-氯-3-(三氟甲基)苯基】酰脲)-苯氧基)-2-( 1,,1,,1,-三氘代甲基) 吡啶酰胺 CM4307的制备
在氮气保护下, 将 4-(4-氨苯氧基) - 2-吡啶 -(Ν-Γ,Γ,Γ-三氘代甲基)酰胺 (2.6g, 10.6 mmol, leq)溶于二氯甲垸 (10 mL)与二甲亚砜 (3 mL)中, 室温下并将 4-氯 -3- 三氟甲基苯基异氰酸酯 (2.5 g, l l . lmol, 1.05eq)的二氯甲垸 (8mL)溶液滴加至上 述溶液, 搅拌 20分钟。 降温至 2°C, 并滴加水 (10mL), 搅拌 0.5小时, 过滤, 并用 二氯甲垸(10mL)洗涤产品, 真空干燥得到类白色固体 4.7g, 纯度 99.8%, 收率 95.4%。
1H NM (DMSO-d6, 400 MHz): δ 7.15(dd, J = 2.8Hz, 5.6Hz, 1H),
7.17-7.19(m,2H), 7.40(d, J = 2.4Hz, 1H), 7.59-7.69(m, 4H), 8.13(d, J = 2.4Hz, 1H), 8.51(d, J = 6Hz, 1H), 8.75(br, 1H), 8.90(br, 1H), 9.22(br, 1H).
MS (ESI, m/z) calcd. for C21H13D3ClF3N4O3: 467, found: 468[M +H]+ 实施例 4
4-(4-(3-(4-氯 -3- (三氟甲基)苯基】酰脲) -苯氧基) -2-( 7V-1,,1,,1,-三氘代甲基)吡 啶酰胺对甲苯磺酸盐 (CM4307 · TsOH)的制备
将对甲苯磺酸一水合物(1.6g, 8.5mmol, 0.88eq)溶解于无水乙醇 (5mL)中, 过滤, 并升温至 70 °C并保温暂存待用。 将 4-(4-(3-(4-氯 -3- (三氟甲基)苯基]酰脲) - 苯氧基 )-2-( Ν-Γ,Γ,Γ-三氘代甲基)吡啶酰胺 (4.5 g, 9.6mol, leq)和对甲苯磺酸一 水合物 (0.66g, 3.5mmol, 0.36eq)悬浮于乙醇 (50mL)中, 升至内温 78°C回流 40分 钟, 观察到固体全部溶解, 稍降温后趁热过滤, 将滤液升至内温 78°C使溶液重新 回流 1小时, 使之重新全部溶解澄清, 将前述 70°C的无水乙醇溶液通过快速一次 性加入至澄清溶液中, 停止加热并自然降温并在 (TC下搅拌 0.5小时, 过滤, 用无 水乙醇 (5mL X 2)洗涤, 50°C真空干燥 24小时, 得到白色至类白色固体 5.8g, 纯度 99.3%, 收率 93%。
1H NM (DMSO-d6, 400 MHz): δ 2.30(s, 3H), 7.15(d, J = 8.8Hz, 2H), 7.20(d, J = 8.8Hz, 2H), 7.23(dd, J = 2.8Hz, 6Hz, 1H), 7.52(d, J = 8Hz, 2H), 7.55(d, J = 2.8Hz, 1H), 7.63(d, J = 8.8Hz, 3H), 7.68(dd, J = 2.4Hz, 9.2Hz, 1H), 8.03(br, 1H), 8.14(d, J = 2.4Hz, 1H), 8.56(d, J = 6Hz, 1H), 8.91(br, 1H), 9.17(br, 1H), 9.36(br, 1H). 13C NM (DMSO-d6, 400 MHz): δ 21.1, 26.1, 1 1 1.7, 1 15.2, 1 17.0, 120.7(2C), 121.6 (2C), 121.9, 122.8, 123.2, 124.6, 125.6 (2C), 127.2, 129.0(2C), 132.3, 138.8, 139.5, 139.9, 144.1, 146.6, 147.2, 152.8, 159.9, 170.7 ppm.
液相条件: Agilent 1 100 Series; 色谱柱: Synergi 4 μ POLA - P 80A, 250 X 4.6 mm, 4 μ m; 柱温: 25 °C ; 检测波长: UV 210 nm; 流动相: A: 磷酸二氢铵 10 mmol/L, B : 甲醇; 进样量: 10 L; 流速: 0.8 mL/min; 分析时间: 70min; 梯度程序: 0至 15分钟 50% 流动相 B, 15至 32分钟流动相 B增加到 75%, 然后 32 至 55分钟 75%流动相 B洗脱 23分钟。 保留时间: 4.95min(对甲苯磺酸); 47.1 1min(CM4307)。 实施例 5
通过中间体 Ν-(ί,ί,ί- :氘代甲基)苯并丁二酰亚胺合成二苯基脲化合物 CM4309
Figure imgf000019_0001
CM4309
1: 4-氯吡啶-2-(^-1,,1,,1,-三氘代甲基)酰胺 2的制备
制备方法同实施例 3。
2: 4-(4-氨基 -3-氟-苯氧基) -吡啶 -2-^-1,,1,,1,-三氘代甲基)酰胺 B1的制备 将叔丁醇钾(15g, 130mmol, 1.3eq)置入盛有 N, N-二甲基乙酰胺 (DMA, 50mL) 的溶液中, 在 0〜5度下缓慢滴加 3-氟 -4-氨基 -苯酚(16g, 127mmol, 1.3eq)的 DMA(50mL)溶液, 在室温下搅拌 20分钟, 升温至 100 °C并缓慢滴加 4-氯吡啶 -2-(N-r,l,,r-三氘代甲基)酰胺 3(17g, 97mmol, leq)的 DMA(50mL), 滴加完毕后 继续搅拌 0.5小时, 冷却至室温, 向反应液中加入乙酸乙酯 (1.5L)稀释并搅拌 0.5 小时, 过滤除去无机盐, 用水洗涤 (500mL X 3), 无水硫酸钠干燥, 减压除去溶剂, 向粗品中加入乙醇 (100mL)并回流打浆 2小时,冷却至室温过滤得到褐色固体 20g, HPLC纯度 96%, 收率 80%。
1H NM (CD3OD-d4, 400 MHz): δ 6.74-6.77(m, 1H), 6.87(dd, J = 2.4Hz, 1 1.6Hz, 1H), 6.93(t, J = 10Hz, 1H), 7.02(dd, J = 2.8Hz, 6Hz, 1H), 7.54(d, J = 2.4Hz, 1H), 8.44(d, J = 6Hz, 1H). MS (ESI, m/z) calcd. for C13H9D3ClN3O2: 264, found: 265 [M +H]+ 3: 4-(4-(3-(4-氯-3-(三氟甲基)苯基】酰脲)-3-氟-苯氧基)-2-( -1,,1,,1,-三氘代 甲基)吡啶酰胺 CM4309的制备
在室温下, 将 4-氯 -3-三氟甲基苯基异氰酸酯 (13g, 58mmol, 1. l eq)置入盛有 二氯甲垸 (70mL)的单口瓶中,并将 4-(4-氨基 -3-氟-苯氧基) -吡啶 -2-(Ν- Γ,Γ,Γ-三氘 代甲基)酰胺 (14g, 53mmol, leq)的二氯甲垸 (350mL)溶液缓慢滴加至上述溶液中, 室温搅拌 20小时, 反应完毕过滤并用二氯甲垸 (20mL X 2)洗涤, 得到浅褐色固体 13g, 纯度 98%, 收率 50%。
1H NM (DMSO-d6, 400 MHz): δ 7.06-7.10(m, 1H), 7.19(dd, J = 2.4Hz, 5.6Hz, 1H), 7.35(dd, J = 2.8Hz, 12Hz, 1H), 7.43(d, J = 2.4Hz, 1H), 7.63(m, 2H), 8.14(br, 1H), 8.17(t, J = 8.8Hz, 1H), 8.53(d, J = 5.6Hz, 1H), 8.75(d, J = 1.6Hz, 1H), 8.78(br, 1H), 9.54(br, 1H).
MS (ESI, m/z) calcd. for C21H12D3ClF4N4O3:485, found: 486 [M +H]+ 实施例 6
4-(4-(3-(4_氯 -3- (三氟甲基)苯基】酰脲) -3-氟-苯氧基) -2-( 7V-1,,1,,1,-三氘代甲 基)吡啶酰胺对甲苯磺酸盐 (CM4309 · TsOH)的制备
将 4-(4-(3-(4-氯 -3- (三氟甲基)苯基]酰脲) -3-氟-苯氧基) -2-( Ν- Γ,Γ,Γ-三氘代 甲基)吡啶酰胺 (2.16 g, 4.33 mmol, leq)悬浮于乙醇 (50 mL)中, 加热回流至溶液 澄清, 趁热过滤除去不溶物后, 将滤液加热回流溶清, 一次性快速加入甲磺酸 (70% , 8.66mmol, lmL, 2 eq), 澄清液保持 0.5分钟左右, 关掉油浴自然冷却至 室温, 搅拌 1小时, 过滤得到不溶物, 50度真空干燥 20小时, 得到白色晶体 2.36g, 收率为 83%。
1H NM (DMSO-d6, 400 MHz): δ 2.30(s, 3H), 7.09-7.14(m, 3H), 7.24(dd, J = 2.4Hz, 5.2Hz, 1H), 7.37(dd, J = 2.4Hz, 1 1.6Hz, 1H), 7.48-7.50(m, 3H), 7.61 -7.66(m, 2H), 8.15-8.19(m, 2H), 8.56(d, J = 5.6Hz, 1H), 8.79(br, 1H), 8.85(br, 1H), 9.56(br, 1H), 10.38(br, 1H).
熔点: 240.7 °C〜241 °C 实施例 7 化合物 N-(4-氯 -3- (三氟甲基)苯基) -N,-(2,6-二氘 -4-(2-(Ν- Γ,Γ,Γ- 三氘甲基氨基甲酰基 )-4-吡锭基氧)苯基)脲的制备
按实施例 1中所述的方法, 不同点在于: 用 3, 5-二氘 -4-氨基苯酚替换对氨 基苯酚, 从而制得目标化合物。 实施例 8 化合物 N-(4-氯 -3- (三氟甲基)苯基) -N,-(4-(2-氘 -6-(Ν-Γ,Γ,Γ-三氘 甲基氨基甲酰基) -4-吡啶基氧)苯基)脲的制备
按实施例 1 中所述的方法, 不同点在于: 用 2-氘 -6-羧基吡啶替换烟酸, 从 而制得目标化合物。 实施例 9 化合物 Ν-(4-氯 -3- (三氘甲基)苯基) -Ν,-(4-(2-(Ν-Γ,Γ,Γ-三氘甲基 氨基甲酰基) -4-吡啶基氧)苯基)脲的制备:
按实施例 1中所述的方法, 不同点在于: 用 5-氨基 -2-氯-三氘甲基苯替换 5- 氨基 -2-氯-三氟甲基苯, 从而制得目标化合物。 实施例 10:
氘代二苯基脲化合物在大鼠中的药代动力学评价
8只雄性 Sprague-Dawley大鼠, 7-8周龄, 体重约 210g, 分成 2组, 每组 4 只 (大鼠编号: 对照组为 13-16; 实验组为 9-12), 单次口服给予 3mg/kg剂量的 (a) 对组合物: 未氘代的 N-(4-氯 -3- (三氟甲基)苯基) -N,-(4-(2-(N-甲基氨基甲酰基) -4- 吡啶基氧)苯基)脲 (对照化合物 CM4306)或 (b)实施例 1制备的 N-(4-氯 -3- (三氟甲 基)苯基) -Ν,-(4-(2-(Ν-Γ,Γ,Γ-三氘甲基氨基甲酰基 )-4-吡啶基氧)苯基)脲 (本发明 化合物 CM4307), 比较其药代动力学差异。
大鼠采用标准饲料饲养, 给予水和利眠宁。 实验的前一天晚上停止给予利眠 宁,给药后 2小时重新给予利眠宁。试验前 16小时开始禁食。药物用 30% PEG400 溶解。 眼睚采血, 采血的时间点为给药后 0.083 小时, 0.25 小时, 0.5 小时, 1 小 时, 2 小时, 4 小时, 6小时, 8小时和 24小时。
令大鼠吸入乙醚后短暂麻醉, 眼睚采集 300 uL血样于试管。 试管内有 30 ul
1% 肝素盐溶液。 使用前, 试管于 60°C烘干过夜。 在随后一个时间点血样采集完 成之后, 大鼠乙醚麻醉后处死。
血样采集后, 立即温和地颠倒试管至少 5次, 保证混合充分后放置于冰上。 血样在 4°C 5000 rpm离心 5分钟, 将血清与红细胞分离。 用移液器吸出 100 uL 血清到干净的塑料离心管中, 表明化合物的名称和时间点。 血清在进行 LC-MS 分析前保存在 -80°C。
其结果如图 1-2所示。 结果显示, CM4307比 CM4306的半衰期 T1/2延长 [分 别为 1 1.3 ±2.1小时和 8.6 ± 1.4小时],曲线下面积 AUC CM4307比 CM4306显 著增加 [分别为 1 1255 ± 2472 ng'h/mL和 7328 ± 336 ng-h/mL] , CM4307比 CM4306 表观清除率减少 [分别为 275 ± 52mL/h/kg和 410 ± 18.7 mL/h/kg]。
从上面结果看出, 本发明化合物在动物体内具有更好的药物动力学, 因而具 有更好的药效学和治理效果。
另外, 通过氘化, 本发明化合物在生物体中的代谢过程有所改变。 特别地使 苯基上的羟化变得困难, 这导致初次通过效应 (First-pass effect)的降低。在这种情 况下, 可以改变剂量并形成长效制剂, 其也可以长效制剂的形式改善适用性。
另外, 通过氘化还改变了药物动力学作用, 因为氘代化合物完全形成另一水 合物膜, 以致在生物体中的分布明显不同于未氘代的化合物。 实施例 11: CM4307对人肝细胞癌 SMMC-7721裸小鼠移植瘤生长抑制的 药效学评价
Balb/c nu/nu裸小鼠, 6周龄, 雌性, 70只, 购自上海试验动物资源中心 (上海 西普尔-必凯实验动物有限公司)。
SMMC-7721细胞购自中科院上海生命科学院 (上海, 中国)。
肿瘤裸鼠移植模型的建立: 收获对数生长期的 SMMC-7721细胞, 计数后将 细胞悬于 I xPBS, 调整细胞悬液浓度至 1.5x l07/ml。 用 lml注射器在裸鼠右侧腋下 皮下接种肿瘤细胞, 3x l06/0.2ml/鼠。 共接种 70只裸鼠。
在肿瘤体积达到 30-130mm3时, 将动物进行随机分组, 共获得 58只动物, 使 各组肿瘤差异小于均值的 10%, 并开始给药。
试验剂量分组设置见下表:
组别 动物 化合物 给药方式 齐1 J量 (mg/kg) 方案
1 10 空白对照 (溶剂) po O. lml/lOgBW qdx2周
2 8 CM4306 po 10 mg/kg qdx2周
3 8 CM4306 po 30 mg/kg qdx2周
4 8 CM4306 Po 100 mg/kg qdx2周
5 8 CM4307 po 10 mg/kg qdx2周
6 8 CM4307 po 30 mg/kg qdx2周
7 8 CM4307 po 100 mg/kg qdx2周 试验期间每周测定两次动物体重和肿瘤大小。 每日观察记录临床症状。 给药 结束时, 拍照记录肿瘤大小。 每组处死一只小鼠取肿瘤组织, 固定于 4%多聚甲 醛。 给药结束后, 继续观察, 当肿瘤均值大于 2000mm3, 或动物出现濒死状态时, 处死动物, 做大体解剖, 取肿瘤组织固定于 4%多聚甲醛。
肿瘤体积 (Tumor volume, TV)的计算公式为: TV=axb2/2。 其中 a、 b分别代 表肿瘤测量长和宽。 相对肿瘤体积 (relative tumor volume, RTV)计算公式为: TV=Vt/V 其中 VQ为分组给药时的肿瘤体积, Vt为测量时的肿瘤体重。 抗肿瘤 活 性 的 评 价 指 标 为 相 对 肿 瘤 增 值 率 T/C(%) , 计 算 公 式 为 : T/C(%)=(TRTV/CRTV)xl00%。 TRTV为治疗组 RTV, CRTV为阴性对照组 RTV。
疗效评价标准:相对肿瘤增值率 T/C(%)≤ 40%并经统计学分析 p<0.05为有效。 结果如图 3所示。 CM4306和 CM4307单剂量 10、 30、 100mg/kg 每日灌胃给药 连续 2周, 两个化合物均表现剂量依赖性的抑制肿瘤生长作用。 给药结束时, CM4306的 T/C%分别为 56.9%、 40.6%和 32.2%。 CM4307的 17(3(%)分别为 53.6%、 40.8%和 19.6%。 其中 100mg/kg剂量组的 17 %均<40%, 肿瘤体积与对照组比较有 显著差异 (p<0.01),表现显著的抑制肿瘤生长的作用。
CM4307的高剂量 100mg/kg组比 CM4306高剂量组肿瘤抑制作用强(最佳 T/C%分别为 19.6%和 32.2%,dl5),瘤体积组间比较有显著差异 (p<0.01)。与 CM4306 相比, CM4307的抑瘤率的绝对值提高 10%以上, 相对幅度提高约 60%(32.2%/ 19.6%- 1 =64%) , 表现出更为显著的抑制肿瘤生长的作用。
此外, 试验过程中未见其他药物相关毒性反应。 实施例 12
对于 c-Kit、 PDGF -β蛋白酪氨酸激酶分子水平抑制活性
1、 实验方法
本实施例采用酶联免疫吸附法 (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, ELISA)测定二苯基脲化合物对 c-Kit、 PDGFR-β蛋白酪氨酸激酶分子水平抑制活 性。 测定的化合物: CM4306、 CM4308CM4309。 主要试剂:
反应底物 Poly(Glu,Tyr)4:1购自 Sigma 公司; 抗磷酸化酪氨酸的单克隆抗体 PY99 购自 Santa Cmz公司;辣根过氧化物酶标记羊抗鼠的 IgG 购自 Calbiochem 公司; ATP、 DTT、 OPD 购自 Amresco 公司;酶标板购自 Corning 公司; Sul l248 购自 Merk公司。
实验方法:
参见 oskoski, ., Jr. Sunitinib: a VEGF and PDGF receptor protein kinase and angiogenesis inhibitor. Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 356: 323-328, 2007, 具体包 括:
激酶反应底物 Poly(Glu,Tyr)4: 1用无钾离子的 PBS稀释成 20 g/ml, 包被酶 标板。 在包被好酶标板孔内加入受试的二苯基脲样品 (受试样品先用 DMSO配制 成 10—2 Μ的储存液, 临用前用反应缓冲液稀释到所需浓度, 加至实验孔内, 使其 在 100 μΐ反应体系的终浓度为 10_5mol/L)。 同时设立阳性对照孔, 加入阳性对照 化合物 Sul l248。
加入用反应缓冲液稀释的 ATP溶液 (ATP终浓度 5 μΜ), 最后, 加入用反应 缓冲液稀释的受试酪氨酸激酶。 反应体系总体积为 100 μ1。 同时设立阴性对照孔 和无酶对照孔。
将反应体系置于湿盒内, 37°C摇床避光反应 1 h,反应结束后 T-PBS洗板三次。 加入抗体 PY99 ΙΟΟ μΙ/孔, 37°C摇床反应 30 min。 T-PBS洗板三次。 加入辣根过 氧化物酶标记的羊抗鼠的 IgG 100 μΐ/孔, 37°C摇床反应 30 min。 T-PBS洗板三 次。 加入 OPD显色液 ΙΟΟ μΙ/孔, 室温避光反应 l-10 min。 加入 2 M H2SO4 50 l 中止反应, 用可调波长式微孔板酶标仪 VERSAmax测 492值。
通过下列公式计算样品的抑制率:
丄 + 化合物 OD值 -无酶对照孔 OD值
抑制率% = (1- )χ 100%
阴性对照 OD值 -无酶对照孔 OD值
2、 实验结果
Figure imgf000024_0001
以上实验结果为两次试验的均值。 3、 评价标准和结果评价
在阳性对照化合物的抑制活性符合参考范围的前提下,受试化合物在实验浓 度 10—5mol/L下, 抑制率大于 50%判定其有效; 抑制率小于 50%判定无效。
结果显示, CM4306、 CM4308、 CM4309对蛋白酪氨酸激酶 c-Kit、 PDGF -β 的抑制率大于 50%, 故在分子水平具有显著的针对 c-Kit、 PDGFR-β酪氨酸激酶 的抑制活性。 在本发明提及的所有文献都在本申请中引用作为参考,就如同每一篇文献被 单独引用作为参考那样。 此外应理解, 在阅读了本发明的上述讲授内容之后, 本 领域技术人员可以对本发明作各种改动或修改,这些等价形式同样落于本申请所 附权利要求书所限定的范围。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1. 一种制备 N-(l,l,l-三氘代甲基)苯并丁二酰亚胺的方法, 其特征在于, 包 括步骤:
(a) 在惰性溶剂中, 将邻苯二甲酰亚胺的碱金属盐与式 A化合物进行反应,
Figure imgf000026_0001
式中, Z为 CH3, O-CD3,或 G卜, 其中 R为甲基、 硝基或卤素, 从而形成 N-(l,l,l-三氘代甲基)苯并丁二酰亚胺:
Figure imgf000026_0002
2. 如权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述的惰性溶剂包括: N, N-二 甲基甲酰胺 (DMF)、 N, N-二甲基乙酰胺 (DMA)、 二甲基亚砜 (DMSO)、 N-甲基吡 咯垸酮 (NMP)、 四氢呋喃、 1, 4-二氧六环、 或其组合。
3. 如权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 步骤 (a)中, 反应温度为 -10°C至 回流温度。
4. 如权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 步骤 (a)中, 所述的邻苯二甲酰 亚胺碱金属盐包括: 邻苯二甲酰亚胺钾盐、 邻苯二甲酰亚胺钠盐、 邻苯二甲酰亚 胺锂盐或其组合。
5. 如权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 步骤 (a)中, 所述的式 A化合物包 括 4-甲基苯磺酸 -(1,1,1-三氘代甲基)酯、 3-硝基苯磺酸 -(1,1,1-三氘代甲基)酯, 或 4-硝基苯磺酸 -(1, 1, 1 -三氘代甲基)酯。
6. 如权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述方法在步骤 (a)之前还包括步 骤 (al): 在碱性条件下和惰性溶剂中, 将氘代甲醇与对甲苯磺酰氯进行反应, 从 而形成 4-甲基苯磺酸 -(1,1,1-三氘代甲基)酯。
7. 一种制备 1,1,1-三氘代甲胺盐的方法, 其特征在于, 包括步骤: 将 N-(l,l,l-三氘代甲基)苯并丁二酰亚胺与酸进行反应, 从而形成 1,1,1-三氘 代甲胺盐, 其中所述的酸包括: 盐酸、 硫酸、 氢溴酸、 三氟乙酸、 或其组合。
8. 一种可用于制备氘代二苯基脲的中间体, 其特征在于, 所述的中间体是 N-(l,l,l -三氘代甲基)苯并丁二酰亚胺。
9. 如权利要求 8所述的中间体的用途,其特征在于,用于制备氘代二苯基脲。
10.如权利要求 9所述的用途,其特征在于,所述的氘代二苯基脲是式 I化合
Figure imgf000027_0001
式中:
X 是 N或者 N+-O—;
R1是卤素 (如 F,C1或 Br), 一个或多个氘代的或全氘代的 C 1-C4垸基;
R2是未氘代的、 一个或多个氘代的或全氘代的 C 1 -C4垸基, 或者部分或全 部卤素取代的 C 1-C4垸基;
R3、 R R5、 R8、 R9、 R1Q、 R"、 R12、 R13、 R14分别是氢、 氘、 或卤素 (如
F,C1,或 Br);
R6是氢、 氘、 或一个或多个氘代的或全氘代的 C 1 -C4垸基;
R7是氢、 氘、 或一个或多个氘代的或全氘代的 C 1 -C4垸基;
附加条件是 R2、 R3、 R4、 R5、 R6、 R7、 R8、 R9、 R10、 R"、 R12、 R13或 R14中至少 一个是氘代的或氘。
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