WO2011104939A1 - すべり軸受 - Google Patents

すべり軸受 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011104939A1
WO2011104939A1 PCT/JP2010/069668 JP2010069668W WO2011104939A1 WO 2011104939 A1 WO2011104939 A1 WO 2011104939A1 JP 2010069668 W JP2010069668 W JP 2010069668W WO 2011104939 A1 WO2011104939 A1 WO 2011104939A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
bearing
overlay layer
layer
rotating shaft
slide bearing
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2010/069668
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
賢治 渡邉
壁谷　泰典
Original Assignee
大豊工業株式会社
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 大豊工業株式会社 filed Critical 大豊工業株式会社
Priority to EP10846602.0A priority Critical patent/EP2541085A4/en
Priority to US13/577,984 priority patent/US20120308168A1/en
Priority to CN201080064691.1A priority patent/CN102782350B/zh
Publication of WO2011104939A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011104939A1/ja

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
    • F16C33/10—Construction relative to lubrication
    • F16C33/1025—Construction relative to lubrication with liquid, e.g. oil, as lubricant
    • F16C33/106—Details of distribution or circulation inside the bearings, e.g. details of the bearing surfaces to affect flow or pressure of the liquid
    • F16C33/1065—Grooves on a bearing surface for distributing or collecting the liquid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
    • F16C33/12—Structural composition; Use of special materials or surface treatments, e.g. for rust-proofing
    • F16C33/122—Multilayer structures of sleeves, washers or liners
    • F16C33/124—Details of overlays
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G73/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule, not provided for in groups C08G12/00 - C08G71/00
    • C08G73/06—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain of the macromolecule
    • C08G73/10—Polyimides; Polyester-imides; Polyamide-imides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
    • C08G73/14—Polyamide-imides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L61/00—Compositions of condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L61/04—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only
    • C08L61/06—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only of aldehydes with phenols
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D179/00—Coating compositions based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing nitrogen, with or without oxygen, or carbon only, not provided for in groups C09D161/00 - C09D177/00
    • C09D179/04—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain; Polyhydrazides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
    • C09D179/08—Polyimides; Polyester-imides; Polyamide-imides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • F16C33/20—Sliding surface consisting mainly of plastics
    • F16C33/203—Multilayer structures, e.g. sleeves comprising a plastic lining
    • F16C33/206—Multilayer structures, e.g. sleeves comprising a plastic lining with three layers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/30—Sulfur-, selenium- or tellurium-containing compounds
    • C08K2003/3009—Sulfides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/38—Boron-containing compounds
    • C08K2003/382—Boron-containing compounds and nitrogen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/02—Elements
    • C08K3/04—Carbon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/04—Elements
    • C10M2201/041—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
    • C10M2201/061—Carbides; Hydrides; Nitrides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
    • C10M2201/065—Sulfides; Selenides; Tellurides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
    • C10M2201/065—Sulfides; Selenides; Tellurides
    • C10M2201/066—Molybdenum sulfide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/1003—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2213/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2213/06—Perfluoro polymers
    • C10M2213/062—Polytetrafluoroethylene [PTFE]
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2217/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2217/04—Macromolecular compounds from nitrogen-containing monomers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2217/044—Polyamides
    • C10M2217/0443—Polyamides used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/06—Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/02—Bearings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
    • C10N2050/023—Multi-layer lubricant coatings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2080/00—Special pretreatment of the material to be lubricated, e.g. phosphatising or chromatising of a metal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2202/00—Solid materials defined by their properties
    • F16C2202/50—Lubricating properties
    • F16C2202/54—Molybdenum disulfide
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2204/00—Metallic materials; Alloys
    • F16C2204/10—Alloys based on copper
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2204/00—Metallic materials; Alloys
    • F16C2204/20—Alloys based on aluminium
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2208/00—Plastics; Synthetic resins, e.g. rubbers
    • F16C2208/20—Thermoplastic resins
    • F16C2208/40—Imides, e.g. polyimide [PI], polyetherimide [PEI]
    • F16C2208/42—Polyamideimide [PAI]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2240/00—Specified values or numerical ranges of parameters; Relations between them
    • F16C2240/40—Linear dimensions, e.g. length, radius, thickness, gap
    • F16C2240/42—Groove sizes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2240/00—Specified values or numerical ranges of parameters; Relations between them
    • F16C2240/40—Linear dimensions, e.g. length, radius, thickness, gap
    • F16C2240/60—Thickness, e.g. thickness of coatings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2360/00—Engines or pumps
    • F16C2360/22—Internal combustion engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • F16C33/20—Sliding surface consisting mainly of plastics
    • F16C33/201—Composition of the plastic

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a sliding bearing, and more particularly to a sliding bearing having a sliding surface provided with a crest extending in the circumferential direction.
  • an annular or spiral annular groove along the circumferential direction is formed on the sliding surface of the slide bearing, and a peak portion extending in the circumferential direction is formed between the annular grooves adjacent in the axial direction.
  • a plain bearing in which a rotating shaft is pivotally supported by the top of the shaft.
  • Patent Document 1 In the above-mentioned plain bearing, the surface of the bearing alloy layer made of copper bearing alloy or aluminum bearing alloy is formed flat, and the surface of the bearing alloy layer is made of solid lubricant such as molybdenum disulfide or graphite such as PAI. Covered with a low-friction synthetic resin bound with resin, this is used as an overlay layer.
  • annular or spiral annular groove is formed along the circumferential direction, and a mountain portion extending in the circumferential direction is formed between the annular grooves adjacent in the axial direction.
  • the rotation shaft is supported by the top.
  • the overlay layer is made of a low-friction synthetic resin, it is excellent in low friction as compared with a case where the overlay layer is made of a soft metal.
  • the soft metal overlay layer undergoes plastic deformation at a relatively low load, so it has excellent compatibility with the slide bearing and the rotating shaft, but the low friction synthetic resin is more elastic than soft metal.
  • the present invention ensures quick adaptability compared to the conventional technology while ensuring the performance of being excellent in low friction by using an overlay layer made of low friction synthetic resin.
  • the present invention provides a plain bearing that can be used.
  • the present invention forms an annular or spiral annular groove along the circumferential direction on the sliding surface of the slide bearing, and forms a mountain portion extending in the circumferential direction between the annular grooves adjacent in the axial direction.
  • the plain bearing is composed of a bearing alloy layer in which the annular groove and the peak are formed, and an overlay layer made of a low friction synthetic resin that covers the surface of the bearing alloy layer, and the surface of the overlay layer is a bearing.
  • the said structure when the load by the said rotating shaft is added to a slide bearing, a rotating shaft and a slide bearing can be made to conform by carrying out the plastic deformation of the peak part formed in the said bearing alloy layer. As a result, the conformability can be quickly secured as compared with the case where the conformability is ensured by wear of the overlay layer made of the low friction synthetic resin.
  • the overlay layer is made of a low-friction synthetic resin, excellent low-friction properties due to the low-friction synthetic resin can be ensured as in the conventional case.
  • FIG. 1 is an enlarged sectional view along the axial direction of a slide bearing 1 formed in a semi-cylindrical shape or a cylindrical shape.
  • the slide bearing 1 includes a bearing alloy layer 2 on a back metal (not shown), and an annular or spiral annular groove 2a along the circumferential direction is formed on a sliding surface serving as an inner peripheral surface of the bearing alloy layer 2.
  • a mountain portion 2b extending in the circumferential direction between the annular grooves 2a adjacent to each other in the axial direction.
  • the surface of the bearing alloy layer 2 is covered with an overlay layer 3, and the overlay layer 3 is an uneven surface following the uneven surface of the surface of the bearing alloy layer 2.
  • the height of the peak portion in the overlay layer 3 is desirably about 1 to 8 ⁇ m. If the value exceeds 8 ⁇ m, the seizure resistance decreases, and if it is less than 1 ⁇ m, the height of the peak portion 2b is too low. This is because the provided effect cannot be exhibited.
  • the pitch of the annular groove 2a is preferably 0.1 to 0.4 mm, for example. Therefore, FIG. 1 is drawn with a considerably different scale in the vertical direction and scale in the horizontal direction.
  • the bearing alloy layer 2 a copper bearing alloy or an aluminum bearing alloy is used, and as the overlay layer 3, a solid lubricant such as molybdenum disulfide or graphite is bound with a thermosetting resin such as PAI.
  • a low friction synthetic resin is used.
  • the solid lubricant include molybdenum disulfide (MoS 2 ), graphite, BN (boron nitride), tungsten disulfide (WS 2 ), PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene), fluorine-based resin, and Pb. it can. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
  • the thermosetting resin include polyimide resins, polyamideimide resins, diisocyanate-modified, BPDA-modified, sulfone-modified resins, epoxy resins, and phenol resins of these resins. Of these, a polyamideimide resin is preferable.
  • the overlay layer 3 using the low friction synthetic resin is relatively elastic and hardly plastically deformed, but has a lower friction than the bearing alloy layer 2 using a copper bearing alloy or an aluminum bearing alloy.
  • the bearing alloy layer 2 using the copper-based bearing alloy or the aluminum-based bearing alloy has a larger coefficient of friction than the overlay layer 3 using the low-friction synthetic resin.
  • the peak portion 2b is set so as to be more easily plastically deformed than the overlay layer 3.
  • the overlay layer 3 is made too thick, the overlay layer 3 itself elastically deforms and inhibits the plastic deformation at the top of the peak 2b, so that the thickness varies slightly depending on the composition of the overlay layer 3.
  • it is desirable that the thickness is approximately 2.5 ⁇ m or less.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram showing test results obtained by measuring changes in the surface shape when the shaft is pressed against the surface of the slide bearing.
  • the product of the present invention and the comparative products 1 and 2 were each formed into a half-sliding bearing shape, and the change in the surface shape when a static load of 60 kN (bearing surface pressure 84 MPa) was applied to the shaft through the shaft. Measuring.
  • a static load of 60 kN bearing surface pressure 84 MPa
  • the annular groove 2a and the crest 2b are formed on the surface of the bearing alloy layer 2, and the overlay layer 3 is formed on the surface of the bearing alloy layer 2 with a film thickness of 1 ⁇ m.
  • the height of the peak 2b at this time was 2.8 ⁇ m.
  • the surface of the bearing alloy layer 2 is formed flat, a resin overlay layer 3 is formed on the surface with a film thickness of 6 ⁇ m, and the overlay groove 3 is further provided with the annular groove 2a and the peak portion 2b.
  • Corresponding annular grooves 3a and peak portions 3b are formed.
  • the height of the peak 2b at this time was 1.9 ⁇ m.
  • the surface of the bearing alloy layer 2 is formed flat, a resin overlay layer 3 having a film thickness of 5 ⁇ m is formed on the surface, and the surface of the overlay layer 3 is also formed flat.
  • the overlay layer 3 was elastic. It is understood that deformation has occurred.
  • the height of the peak portion 2b is reduced from 2.8 ⁇ m to 2.0 ⁇ m, and the peak portion 2b is plastic even though the synthetic resin overlay layer 3 is provided. It can be understood that deformation has occurred. This is because the thickness of the synthetic resin overlay layer 3 is as thin as 1 ⁇ m, so that the load is received not by the overlay layer 3 but mainly by the crest 2b of the bearing alloy layer 2. Can do.
  • FIG. 3 shows the test results obtained by measuring the conformability and the low friction property between the slide bearing and the rotary shaft for the above-described product of the present invention and comparative products 1 and 2.
  • This test was performed under the following test conditions.
  • Bearing size 42mm diameter x 16.4mm width
  • Lubricating oil 5W-30
  • Rotating shaft material S45C quenching Rotation speed: 1300rpm
  • Surface pressure 50 MPa
  • Temperature 140 ° C
  • the above-described peak portion 2 b is adapted by causing plastic deformation at an early stage, and the friction coefficient after fitting is such that the overlay layer 3 made of low-friction synthetic resin is used. Since it is in sliding contact with the rotating shaft, it can be kept small.
  • the coefficient of friction is greatly reduced at the beginning of the test, but this is due to the wear of the three overlay layers and not plastic deformation. Then, if the shaft and the slide bearing become familiar with the progress of wear, the overlay layer 3 made of a low-friction synthetic resin comes into sliding contact with the rotating shaft, so that the friction coefficient can be kept small. However, it takes time for the overlay 3 layers to wear out and become familiar, compared to the present invention product, while the comparison products 1 and 2 have a larger friction coefficient than the present invention product. Will be invited. In the product of the present invention, the overlay layer 3 sufficiently followed the plastic deformation of the peak portion 2b, and no problems such as peeling of the overlay layer 3 occurred.

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Abstract

　すべり軸受１は、環状溝２ａと山部２ｂとを形成した軸受合金層２と、該軸受合金層の表面を覆う低摩擦性合成樹脂製のオーバーレイ層３とを備えており、該オーバーレイ層３の表面は、軸受合金層２の表面の凹凸面に倣って凹凸面となっている。上記山部２ｂは、回転軸による荷重がすべり軸受に加わった際に塑性変形して、回転軸とすべり軸受とをなじませることができるようになっている。　従来技術が低摩擦性合成樹脂製のオーバーレイ層３を摩耗させて回転軸とすべり軸受とをなじませるのに比較して、本発明では山部２ｂを塑性変形させてなじませることができるので、速やかに回転軸とすべり軸受とをなじませることができる。

Description

すべり軸受
　本発明はすべり軸受に関し、より詳しくは、摺動面に円周方向に伸びる山部を備えたすべり軸受に関する。
　従来、すべり軸受の摺動面に、円周方向に沿った環状又は螺旋状の環状溝を形成して、軸方向に隣接する環状溝の間を円周方向に伸びる山部とし、各山部の頂部によって回転軸を軸支するようにしたすべり軸受が知られている。（特許文献１）
　上記すべり軸受においては、銅系軸受合金やアルミ系軸受合金製の軸受合金層の表面を平坦に形成し、該軸受合金層の表面を、二硫化モリブデンやグラファイトなどの固体潤滑材をＰＡＩなどの樹脂でバインドした低摩擦性合成樹脂で覆いこれをオーバーレイ層としている。そしてこのオーバーレイ層の表面に、上記円周方向に沿った環状又は螺旋状の環状溝を形成して、軸方向に隣接する環状溝の間を円周方向に伸びる山部とし、各山部の頂部によって回転軸を軸支するようにしている。
特開２００４－２１１８５９号公報
　上記すべり軸受は、オーバーレイ層を低摩擦性合成樹脂によって製造してあるので、オーバーレイ層を軟質金属とした場合に比較して、低摩擦性に優れている。
　しかしながらその反面、軟質金属製のオーバーレイ層は比較的低荷重で塑性変形を起こすので、すべり軸受と回転軸とのなじみ性に優れているが、低摩擦性合成樹脂は軟質金属に比較して弾性に富んでいることから、塑性変形ではなく低摩擦性合成樹脂の一部が摩耗されることによってなじみ性を確保するようになり、その結果、軟質金属を用いた場合よりもなじみ性を確保するまでに時間がかかっていた。
　本発明はそのような事情に鑑み、低摩擦性合成樹脂製のオーバーレイ層を用いることにより低摩擦性に優れているという性能を確保したまま、従来に比較して速やかになじみ性を確保することができるようにしたすべり軸受を提供するものである。
　すなわち本発明は、すべり軸受の摺動面に、円周方向に沿った環状又は螺旋状の環状溝を形成して、軸方向に隣接する環状溝の間を円周方向に伸びる山部とし、各山部の頂部によって回転軸を軸支するようにしたすべり軸受において、
　上記すべり軸受を、上記環状溝と山部とを形成した軸受合金層と、該軸受合金層の表面を覆う低摩擦性合成樹脂製のオーバーレイ層とから構成するとともに、該オーバーレイ層の表面を軸受合金層の表面の凹凸面に倣わせて凹凸面とし、かつ上記回転軸による荷重がすべり軸受に加わった際に、上記山部を塑性変形させることによって回転軸とすべり軸受とをなじませることを特徴とするものである。
　上記構成によれば、上記回転軸による荷重がすべり軸受に加わった際に、上記軸受合金層に形成した山部を塑性変形させることによって、回転軸とすべり軸受とをなじませることができる。その結果、低摩擦性合成樹脂製のオーバーレイ層が摩耗されることによってなじみ性を確保する場合に比較して、速やかになじみ性を確保することができる。
　他方、オーバーレイ層は低摩擦性合成樹脂によって製造されているので、従来と同様にその低摩擦性合成樹脂による優れた低摩擦性を確保することができる。
本発明のすべり軸受１の軸方向に沿った拡大断面図。 すべり軸受の表面に軸を押圧した際の表面形状の変化を測定した試験結果図。 すべり軸受と回転軸とのなじみ性と低摩擦性とについて測定した試験結果
　以下図示実施例について本発明を説明すると、図１は半円筒状又は円筒状に形成したすべり軸受１の軸方向に沿った拡大断面図を示したものである。上記すべり軸受１は、図示しない裏金上に軸受合金層２を設けており、該軸受合金層２の内周面となる摺動面に、円周方向に沿った環状又は螺旋状の環状溝２ａを形成し、軸方向に隣接する環状溝２ａの間を円周方向に伸びる山部２ｂとしている。
　そして上記軸受合金層２の表面はオーバーレイ層３で被覆してあり、このオーバーレイ層３は軸受合金層２の表面の凹凸面に倣って凹凸面となっている。
　上記オーバーレイ層３における山部の高さは、１～８μｍ程度が望ましく、８μｍを越えた値とすると耐焼付性が低下し、また１μｍ未満とすると山部２ｂの高さが低過ぎてこれを設けた効果が発揮できないからである。また、上記環状溝２ａのピッチは例えば０．１～０．４ｍｍとすることが望ましく、したがって図１は、縦方向の縮尺と横方向の縮尺とをかなり大きく異ならせて描いてある。
　上記軸受合金層２としては、銅系軸受合金やアルミ系軸受合金を用いており、またオーバーレイ層３としては、二硫化モリブデンやグラファイトなどの固体潤滑材をＰＡＩなどの熱硬化性樹脂でバインドした低摩擦性合成樹脂を用いている。上記固体潤滑剤としては、二硫化モリブデン（ＭｏＳ２）、グラファイト、ＢＮ（窒化硼素）、二硫化タングステン（ＷＳ２）、ＰＴＦＥ（ポリテトラフルオルエチレン）、フッ素系樹脂、Ｐｂ等を挙げることができる。これらは１種単独であるいは２種以上を組み合わせて用いることができる。
　また、上記熱硬化性樹脂としては、ポリイミド樹脂、ポリアミドイミド樹脂、これら樹脂のジイソシアネート変性、ＢＰＤＡ変性、スルホン変性樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、フェノール樹脂等が挙げられる。なかでも、ポリアミドイミド樹脂が好ましい。
　上記低摩擦性合成樹脂を用いたオーバーレイ層３は、相対的に弾性に富んでいて塑性変形しにくいが、銅系軸受合金やアルミ系軸受合金を用いた軸受合金層２よりも低摩擦性に優れている。
　他方、上記銅系軸受合金やアルミ系軸受合金を用いた軸受合金層２は、低摩擦性合成樹脂を用いたオーバーレイ層３よりも摩擦係数が大きいが、該軸受合金層２の表面に上記環状溝２ａと山部２ｂとを形成することにより、その山部２ｂを上記オーバーレイ層３よりも塑性変形しやすくなるように設定してある。
　ところで、オーバーレイ層３の膜厚をあまり厚くするとオーバーレイ層３自体が弾性変形して上記山部２ｂの頂部の塑性変形を阻害するので、その膜厚はオーバーレイ層３の成分組成によっても若干の変動はあるが、おおよそ２．５μｍ以下とすることが望ましい。
　図２はすべり軸受の表面に軸を押圧した際の表面形状の変化を測定した試験結果図を示したものである。
　この試験では、本発明品と比較品１、２のそれぞれを半割りすべり軸受形状に形成し、そこに軸を通して荷重６０ｋＮ（軸受面圧８４ＭＰａ）の静荷重をかけた際の表面形状の変化を測定している。いずれのすべり軸受においても、軸受合金層２としてはアルミ系合金を用いており、またオーバーレイ層３としては二硫化モリブデンをＰＡＩでバインドした低摩擦性合成樹脂を用いている。
　本発明品は、軸受合金層２の表面に環状溝２ａと山部２ｂとを形成するとともに、該軸受合金層２の表面に膜厚１μｍでオーバーレイ層３を形成したものである。このときの山部２ｂの高さは２．８μｍであった。
　比較品１は、軸受合金層２の表面を平坦に形成し、その表面に膜厚６μｍで樹脂製のオーバーレイ層３を形成し、さらに該オーバーレイ層３に上記環状溝２ａと山部２ｂとに相当する環状溝３ａと山部３ｂとを形成したものである。このときの山部２ｂの高さは１．９μｍであった。
　また比較品２は、軸受合金層２の表面を平坦に形成し、その表面に膜厚５μｍで樹脂製のオーバーレイ層３を形成し、該オーバーレイ層３の表面も平坦に形成したものである。
　図２における試験前の状態と荷重負荷後の状態とから理解されるように、比較品１、２においては、静荷重をかけた前後で塑性変形は生じておらず、したがってオーバーレイ層３で弾性変形が生じていたものと理解される。
　これに対し、本発明品においては山部２ｂの高さが２．８μｍから２．０μｍに減少しており、合成樹脂製のオーバーレイ層３を設けているにも拘らず、山部２ｂが塑性変形を起こしていることが理解できる。これは、合成樹脂製のオーバーレイ層３の厚さを１μｍと薄くしているので、荷重が該オーバーレイ層３ではなく、主として軸受合金層２の山部２ｂで受けられたからであると理解することができる。
　次に、図３は上述した本発明品と比較品１、２とについて、すべり軸受と回転軸とのなじみ性と低摩擦性とについて測定した試験結果を示したものである。この試験は、次の試験条件で行った。
　軸受サイズ：直径４２ｍｍ×幅１６．４ｍｍ
　潤滑油　　：５Ｗ－３０
　回転軸材質：Ｓ４５Ｃ焼入れ
　回転数　　：１３００ｒｐｍ
　面圧　　　：５０ＭＰａ
　温度　　　：１４０℃
　図３に示されているように、本発明品においては、上記山部２ｂが早期に塑性変形を起こしてなじみ、かつ、なじみ後の摩擦係数は、低摩擦性合成樹脂製のオーバーレイ層３が回転軸に摺接しているので、小さく維持することができる。
　これに対し、比較品１、２においては、試験初期に摩擦係数が大きく低下しているが、これはオーバーレイ３層の摩耗によるものであって、塑性変形ではない。そして摩耗が進むことによって軸とすべり軸受とがなじめば、低摩擦性合成樹脂製のオーバーレイ層３が回転軸に摺接するので、摩擦係数を小さく維持することができる。しかしながら、オーバーレイ３層の摩耗が進んでなじむまでに本発明品に比較して時間がかかり、この間、比較品１、２は本発明品に比較して摩擦係数が大きいので、エンジンなどの動力損失を招くことになる。
　なお、本発明品においては、山部２ｂの塑性変形にオーバーレイ層３が十分に追従しており、オーバーレイ層３が剥離する等の不具合も生じなかった。
　１　すべり軸受　　　　　　　　　２　軸受合金層
　２ａ　環状溝　　　　　　　　　　２ｂ　山部
　３　オーバーレイ層

Claims (5)

  1. 　すべり軸受の摺動面に、円周方向に沿った環状又は螺旋状の環状溝を形成して、軸方向に隣接する環状溝の間を円周方向に伸びる山部とし、各山部の頂部によって回転軸を軸支するようにしたすべり軸受において、
    　上記すべり軸受を、上記環状溝と山部とを形成した軸受合金層と、該軸受合金層の表面を覆う低摩擦性合成樹脂製のオーバーレイ層とから構成するとともに、該オーバーレイ層の表面を軸受合金層の表面の凹凸面に倣わせて凹凸面とし、かつ上記回転軸による荷重がすべり軸受に加わった際に、上記山部を塑性変形させることによって回転軸とすべり軸受とをなじませることを特徴とするすべり軸受。
  2. 　上記オーバーレイ層の膜厚は、２．５μｍ以下であることを特徴とする請求項１に記載のすべり軸受。
  3. 　上記オーバーレイ層における山部の高さは、１～８μｍの範囲であり、また環状溝のピッチは０．１～０．４ｍｍの範囲であることを特徴とする請求項１又は請求項２に記載のすべり軸受。
  4. 　上記軸受合金層は、銅系軸受合金又はアルミ系軸受合金であることを特徴とする請求項１ないし請求項３のいずれかに記載のすべり軸受。
  5. 　オーバーレイ層は、固体潤滑剤として二硫化モリブデン（ＭｏＳ２）、グラファイト、ＢＮ（窒化硼素）、二硫化タングステン（ＷＳ２）、ＰＴＦＥ（ポリテトラフルオルエチレン）、フッ素系樹脂、Ｐｂのいずれか１種以上を含み、また固体潤滑剤をバインドする熱硬化性樹脂としてポリイミド樹脂、ポリアミドイミド樹脂、これら樹脂のジイソシアネート変性、ＢＰＤＡ変性、スルホン変性樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、又はフェノール樹脂が用いられていることを特徴とする請求項１ないし請求項４のいずれかに記載のすべり軸受。
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CN102782350B (zh) 2015-09-30
JP2011179566A (ja) 2011-09-15

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