WO2011102326A1 - ガス分離複合膜 - Google Patents
ガス分離複合膜 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2011102326A1 WO2011102326A1 PCT/JP2011/053090 JP2011053090W WO2011102326A1 WO 2011102326 A1 WO2011102326 A1 WO 2011102326A1 JP 2011053090 W JP2011053090 W JP 2011053090W WO 2011102326 A1 WO2011102326 A1 WO 2011102326A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- composite membrane
- group
- crosslinking agent
- vinyl alcohol
- alcohol polymer
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000000412 dendrimer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 229920000736 dendritic polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- HONIICLYMWZJFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N azetidine Chemical group C1CNC1 HONIICLYMWZJFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 65
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 56
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 claims description 48
- 229920000962 poly(amidoamine) Polymers 0.000 claims description 37
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 66
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 33
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 33
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 15
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 15
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 12
- -1 amine compound Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 10
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- BRLQWZUYTZBJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Epichlorohydrin Chemical compound ClCC1CO1 BRLQWZUYTZBJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 7
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 6
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 6
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007127 saponification reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 5
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical group C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000000962 organic group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- OERNJTNJEZOPIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium nitrate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O OERNJTNJEZOPIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000003172 aldehyde group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- UWFRVQVNYNPBEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)propan-1-one Chemical compound CCC(=O)C1=CC=C(C)C=C1C UWFRVQVNYNPBEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DUFCMRCMPHIFTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-(dimethylsulfamoyl)-2-methylfuran-3-carboxylic acid Chemical compound CN(C)S(=O)(=O)C1=CC(C(O)=O)=C(C)O1 DUFCMRCMPHIFTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WRAGBEWQGHCDDU-UHFFFAOYSA-M C([O-])([O-])=O.[NH4+].[Zr+] Chemical compound C([O-])([O-])=O.[NH4+].[Zr+] WRAGBEWQGHCDDU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- IMROMDMJAWUWLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethenol Chemical group OC=C IMROMDMJAWUWLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SXRSQZLOMIGNAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glutaraldehyde Chemical compound O=CCCCC=O SXRSQZLOMIGNAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical group CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- FJKIXWOMBXYWOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenoxyethane Chemical compound CCOC=C FJKIXWOMBXYWOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XUCNUKMRBVNAPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoroethene Chemical compound FC=C XUCNUKMRBVNAPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- FQPSGWSUVKBHSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methacrylamide Chemical compound CC(=C)C(N)=O FQPSGWSUVKBHSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003141 primary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- ZXAUZSQITFJWPS-UHFFFAOYSA-J zirconium(4+);disulfate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O ZXAUZSQITFJWPS-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 2
- OVGRCEFMXPHEBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenoxypropane Chemical compound CCCOC=C OVGRCEFMXPHEBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-octene Chemical group CCCCCCC=C KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IVIDDMGBRCPGLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-bis(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)propan-1-ol Chemical compound C1OC1COC(CO)COCC1CO1 IVIDDMGBRCPGLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DRYJUBPIARAFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,5-dimethyl-4-oxohexa-2,5-dienoic acid Chemical class CC(=C)C(=O)C=C(C)C(O)=O DRYJUBPIARAFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-phenylmethoxyphenyl)-1,3-thiazole-4-carbaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CSC(C=2C=C(OCC=3C=CC=CC=3)C=CC=2)=N1 OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HDPLHDGYGLENEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[1-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)propan-2-yloxymethyl]oxirane Chemical compound C1OC1COC(C)COCC1CO1 HDPLHDGYGLENEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OSDWBNJEKMUWAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Allyl chloride Chemical compound ClCC=C OSDWBNJEKMUWAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910020366 ClO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZNZYKNKBJPZETN-WELNAUFTSA-N Dialdehyde 11678 Chemical class N1C2=CC=CC=C2C2=C1[C@H](C[C@H](/C(=C/O)C(=O)OC)[C@@H](C=C)C=O)NCC2 ZNZYKNKBJPZETN-WELNAUFTSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acrylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C=C JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WSMYVTOQOOLQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malondialdehyde Chemical compound O=CCC=O WSMYVTOQOOLQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GYCMBHHDWRMZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylacrylonitrile Chemical compound CC(=C)C#N GYCMBHHDWRMZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004695 Polyether sulfone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCSMJKASWLYICJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Succinic aldehyde Chemical compound O=CCCC=O PCSMJKASWLYICJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl ether Chemical class C=COC=C QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAJHWYJGCSAOTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Zr].CCCCCCCCO.CCCCCCCCO.CCCCCCCCO.CCCCCCCCO Chemical compound [Zr].CCCCCCCCO.CCCCCCCCO.CCCCCCCCO.CCCCCCCCO OAJHWYJGCSAOTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003926 acrylamides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005396 acrylic acid ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000007112 amidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XRASGLNHKOPXQL-UHFFFAOYSA-L azane 2-oxidopropanoate titanium(4+) dihydrate Chemical compound N.N.O.O.[Ti+4].CC([O-])C([O-])=O.CC([O-])C([O-])=O XRASGLNHKOPXQL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- IZALUMVGBVKPJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene-1,3-dicarbaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=CC(C=O)=C1 IZALUMVGBVKPJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008094 contradictory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- NKSJNEHGWDZZQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl(trimethoxy)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)C=C NKSJNEHGWDZZQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(C)=C SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000816 ethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004836 hexamethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:2])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:1] 0.000 description 1
- 229920001477 hydrophilic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000555 isopropenyl group Chemical group [H]\C([H])=C(\*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229940118019 malondialdehyde Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- XJRBAMWJDBPFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl vinyl ether Chemical compound COC=C XJRBAMWJDBPFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001570 methylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- WFKDPJRCBCBQNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,2-dimethylprop-2-enamide Chemical compound CNC(=O)C(C)=C WFKDPJRCBCBQNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZIWDVJPPVMGJGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-ethyl-2-methylprop-2-enamide Chemical compound CCNC(=O)C(C)=C ZIWDVJPPVMGJGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SWPMNMYLORDLJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-ethylprop-2-enamide Chemical compound CCNC(=O)C=C SWPMNMYLORDLJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VRQWWCJWSIOWHG-UHFFFAOYSA-J octadecanoate;zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [Zr+4].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O VRQWWCJWSIOWHG-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HVAMZGADVCBITI-UHFFFAOYSA-M pent-4-enoate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CCC=C HVAMZGADVCBITI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000004817 pentamethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:2])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:1] 0.000 description 1
- PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent‐4‐en‐2‐one Natural products CC(=O)CC=C PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006393 polyether sulfone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005597 polymer membrane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- PNXMTCDJUBJHQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C=C PNXMTCDJUBJHQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004426 substituted alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003107 substituted aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- KUCOHFSKRZZVRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N terephthalaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=C(C=O)C=C1 KUCOHFSKRZZVRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000383 tetramethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003755 zirconium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- DUNKXUFBGCUVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-J zirconium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Zr](Cl)(Cl)Cl DUNKXUFBGCUVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- XJUNLJFOHNHSAR-UHFFFAOYSA-J zirconium(4+);dicarbonate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O XJUNLJFOHNHSAR-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/22—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by diffusion
- B01D53/228—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by diffusion characterised by specific membranes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/02—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor characterised by their properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/56—Polyamides, e.g. polyester-amides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/58—Other polymers having nitrogen in the main chain, with or without oxygen or carbon only
- B01D71/60—Polyamines
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/76—Macromolecular material not specifically provided for in a single one of groups B01D71/08 - B01D71/74
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G73/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule, not provided for in groups C08G12/00 - C08G71/00
- C08G73/02—Polyamines
- C08G73/028—Polyamidoamines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G83/00—Macromolecular compounds not provided for in groups C08G2/00 - C08G81/00
- C08G83/002—Dendritic macromolecules
- C08G83/003—Dendrimers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/16—Nitrogen-containing compounds
- C08K5/34—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen in the ring
- C08K5/3412—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen in the ring having one nitrogen atom in the ring
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L29/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical; Compositions of hydrolysed polymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L29/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated alcohols
- C08L29/04—Polyvinyl alcohol; Partially hydrolysed homopolymers or copolymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L79/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon only, not provided for in groups C08L61/00 - C08L77/00
- C08L79/02—Polyamines
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2323/00—Details relating to membrane preparation
- B01D2323/30—Cross-linking
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/38—Polyalkenylalcohols; Polyalkenylesters; Polyalkenylethers; Polyalkenylaldehydes; Polyalkenylketones; Polyalkenylacetals; Polyalkenylketals
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a gas separation composite membrane that separates a specific gas species from a mixed gas containing water vapor.
- separation technology using a separation membrane has been remarkably advanced.
- separation techniques for example, from separation of liquids and solids such as separation of impurities to obtain drinking water, to separation of gases such as separation of nitrogen from air and enrichment of oxygen.
- gases such as separation of nitrogen from air and enrichment of oxygen.
- the establishment of a technology to selectively separate carbon dioxide from mixed gas is desired from the viewpoint of high-efficiency recovery of fossil resources and prevention of global warming. It has been implemented.
- a composite membrane in which a hydrophilic polymer material cross-linked with a cross-linking agent is used as a matrix and a layer containing a specific amine compound is formed on the surface of the porous support membrane.
- Patent Document 1 This composite membrane can be said to be a separation membrane that not only has high carbon dioxide selectivity but can also withstand a certain pressure difference.
- moderate hydrophilicity for developing affinity between the mixed gas and the membrane surface and structural change of the separation membrane occur in a water vapor atmosphere.
- the contradictory nature of water resistance is required.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a gas separation composite membrane capable of separating a specific gas species even with a mixed gas containing water vapor.
- a gas separation composite containing a vinyl alcohol polymer modified with a specific amount by a carboxyl group, a polyamidoamine dendrimer, and a crosslinking agent having an azetidinium group.
- the film is a mass ratio (A) / (C) of the polyamidoamine dendrimer (A) and the crosslinking agent (C) having an azetidinium group, and a crosslinking agent having a vinyl alcohol polymer (B) and an azetidinium group (
- a gas separation composite membrane that has high carbon dioxide selectivity even in a mixed gas containing water vapor and can be put to practical use by having a mass ratio (B) / (C) with C) in a specific range. As a result, the present invention was found.
- a gas separation composite membrane comprising a polyamidoamine dendrimer (A) having a group represented by formula (A), a vinyl alcohol polymer (B) containing 0.5 to 5 mol% of a carboxyl group, and a crosslinking agent (C) having an azetidinium group
- the mass ratio (A) / (C) of the polyamidoamine dendrimer (A) and the crosslinking agent (C) having an azetidinium group is 20/80 to 65/35
- the vinyl alcohol polymer (B) This is solved by providing a gas separation composite membrane characterized in that the mass ratio (B) / (C) to the crosslinking agent (C) having an azetidinium group is 20/80 to 80/20.
- the weight retention of the composite membrane is preferably 60% by mass or more, and the nitrogen element weight retention is preferably 60% by mass or more. It is.
- the mass ratio (B) / (C) of the alcohol polymer (B) to the azetidinium group-containing crosslinking agent (C) is 20/80 to 80/20, and the vinyl alcohol polymer (B) is polyfunctional.
- This can also be solved by providing a gas separation composite membrane characterized in that the mass ratio (B) / (D) to the functional crosslinking agent (D) is 60/40 to 90/10.
- the weight retention of the composite membrane is preferably 60% by mass or more, and the nitrogen element weight retention is preferably 60% by mass or more. It is.
- the gas separation composite membrane of the present invention can separate a specific gas species even with a mixed gas containing water vapor.
- the gas separation composite membrane of the present invention is a gas separation comprising a polyamidoamine dendrimer (A), a vinyl alcohol polymer (B) containing 0.5 to 5 mol% of a carboxyl group, and a crosslinking agent (C) having an azetidinium group.
- the composite membrane has a mass ratio (A) / (C) of the polyamidoamine dendrimer (A) and the crosslinking agent (C) having an azetidinium group of 20/80 to 65/35, and a vinyl alcohol polymer (
- the mass ratio (B) / (C) between B) and the crosslinking agent (C) having an azetidinium group is 20/80 to 80/20.
- the polyamidoamine dendrimer (A) used in the present invention has the formula (1) [Wherein A 1 represents a divalent organic residue having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and n represents an integer of 0 or 1. ] Or a group represented by formula (2) [Wherein A 2 represents a divalent organic residue having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and n represents an integer of 0 or 1. ] It has the group shown by. Among these, the polyamidoamine dendrimer (A) which has group shown by Formula (1) is used suitably.
- examples of the divalent organic residue having 1 to 3 carbon atoms represented by A 1 and A 2 include linear or branched alkylene having 1 to 3 carbon atoms Groups. Specific examples of such alkylene groups, -CH 2 -, - CH 2 -CH 2 -, - CH 2 -CH 2 -CH 2 -, - CH 2 -CH (CH 3) - is like, Of these, —CH 2 — is particularly preferable.
- n 1 is preferable because affinity with a mixed gas containing water vapor increases.
- the polyamidoamine dendrimer (A) used in the present invention can increase the number of primary amines in the molecule by forming a branched structure by an amidation reaction with ethylenediamine and increasing the number of branches. .
- any generation of polyamidoamine dendrimers can be suitably used without being limited by the number of branches, but the number of primary amines per unit weight is large, and the formula that can expect the largest carbon dioxide adsorption capacity.
- the 0th generation polyamidoamine dendrimer (3) is particularly preferably used.
- the vinyl alcohol polymer (B) used in the present invention contains 0.5 to 5 mol% of carboxyl groups.
- the vinyl alcohol polymer (B) used in the present invention contains 0.5 to 5 mol% of carboxyl groups.
- the vinyl alcohol polymer (B) is bonded and crosslinked with the crosslinking agent (C) having an azetidinium group.
- the azetidinium group which is a partial structure of the crosslinking agent (C) reacts with the carboxyl group in the vinyl alcohol polymer (B) to be crosslinked.
- the content of carboxyl group in the vinyl alcohol polymer (B) is less than 0.5 mol%, the separation performance of the gas species in the gas separation composite membrane of the present invention tends to deteriorate with time, and the water resistance
- the amount exceeds 5 mol% the stability of the vinyl alcohol polymer (B) solution is lowered, it is difficult to obtain a homogeneous composite film, and the target composite film is excellent in water resistance. May not be obtained.
- the content of carboxyl group is preferably 0.75 to 4 mol%, particularly preferably 1 to 2 mol%.
- the viscosity average polymerization degree of the vinyl alcohol polymer (B) (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as polymerization degree) is preferably 300 to 2500, more preferably 330 to 2200, and particularly preferably 360 to 2000.
- the degree of polymerization is less than 300, the function constituting the matrix of the composite membrane may be reduced, and the water resistance of the composite membrane may be reduced.
- the viscosity of the solution comprising the polyamidoamine dendrimer (A), the vinyl alcohol polymer (B), and the cross-linking agent (C) having an azetidinium group at the time of producing the composite film is high. In some cases, the workability may be lowered, and a homogeneous composite film may not be obtained.
- the saponification degree of the vinyl alcohol polymer (B) used in the present invention is preferably 95 to 99.9 mol%. If the degree of saponification is less than 95 mol%, the water resistance of the composite membrane may be reduced. If it exceeds 99.9 mol%, the workability during film formation may be reduced or the composite membrane may be produced. There is a risk that the viscosity stability of a solution comprising the polyamidoamine dendrimer (A), the vinyl alcohol polymer (B), and the azetidinium group-containing cross-linking agent (C) is lowered.
- the saponification degree of the vinyl alcohol polymer (B) is more preferably 96 to 99 mol%.
- the content of the vinyl alcohol unit in the vinyl alcohol polymer (B) used in the present invention is preferably 70 mol% or more, more preferably 80 mol% or more, and further preferably 90 mol% or more. .
- the vinyl alcohol polymer (B) used in the present invention may contain an ethylene unit.
- the ethylene unit content in the vinyl alcohol polymer (B) is preferably 0 to 15 mol%, particularly preferably 0 to 8 mol%. When the ethylene unit content exceeds 15 mol%, not only the water absorption amount of the composite membrane may be reduced, but also the compatibility with the polyamidoamine dendrimer (A) is reduced, and a homogeneous composite membrane is obtained. There is no fear.
- the vinyl alcohol polymer (B) contains monomer units other than vinyl alcohol units, vinyl ester units, ethylene units, and units containing carboxyl groups as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired. Also good.
- monomer units include acrylic acid esters such as methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, n-propyl acrylate, and i-propyl acrylate; methacrylic acid and salts thereof; methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, methacryl Methacrylic acid esters such as n-propyl acid and i-propyl methacrylate; acrylamide; acrylamide derivatives such as N-ethylacrylamide; methacrylamide; methacrylamide derivatives such as N-methylmethacrylamide and N-ethylmethacrylamide; methyl vinyl ether; Vinyl ethers such as ethyl vinyl ether, n-propyl vinyl ether and i-propyl vinyl ether; Nitriles such
- the crosslinking agent (C) used in the present invention is a crosslinking agent used not only for crosslinking the vinyl alcohol polymer (B) but also for crosslinking the polyamidoamine dendrimer (A).
- the compound is not particularly limited as long as it is a compound having an azetidinium group.
- a compound having a partial structure represented by the formula (4) described later is preferably used.
- the polyamide epichlorohydrin resin is particularly preferably used as the crosslinking agent (C) having an azetidinium group.
- crosslinking agent (C) having an azetidinium group one having a partial structure represented by the following formula (4) is preferably used.
- R 1 and R 2 are each independently an alkylene group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms which may have a substituent
- X 1 , X 2 , X 3 , X 4 , X 5 and X 6 is each independently a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, or an organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms which may have a substituent
- Y ⁇ is an anion
- R 1 and R 2 are each independently an alkylene group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms which may have a substituent.
- alkylene group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms include methylene group, ethylene group, propylene group, butylene group, pentylene group, hexylene group, and octylene group.
- X 1 , X 2 , X 3 , X 4 , X 5 and X 6 each independently have 1 to 20 carbon atoms which may have a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group or a substituent.
- the organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms which may have a substituent include, for example, an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms which may have a substituent and 1 to 1 carbon atoms which may have a substituent.
- X 3 and X 4 are preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of organic groups having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and X 3 and X 4 are preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom and a hydroxyl group, X 1 , X 2 , X 5 and X 6 are each a hydrogen atom, and X 3 and X 4 are more preferably selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom and a hydroxyl group, and X 3 or X 4 is a hydroxyl group. More preferably.
- Y 2 ⁇ is an anion.
- the crosslinking agent (C) having the azetidinium group is bonded to both the polyamide amine dendrimer (A) and the vinyl alcohol polymer (B). It will be crosslinked. That is, the azetidinium group which is a partial structure of the crosslinking agent (C) reacts with the amino group in the polyamide amine dendrimer (A) to be crosslinked and reacts with the carboxyl group in the vinyl alcohol polymer (B). The inventors speculate that they are crosslinked.
- the crosslinking reaction using the crosslinking agent (C) having an azetidinium group is preferably performed at 60 to 150 ° C.
- the mass ratio (A) / (C) of the polyamidoamine dendrimer (A) and the crosslinking agent (C) having an azetidinium group is 20/80 to 65/35.
- the mass ratio (A) / (C) is less than 20/80, since the ratio of (A) is not sufficient, high carbon dioxide selectivity may not be obtained.
- the mass ratio (A) / (C ) Exceeds 65/35, the stability of the polyamidoamine dendrimer (A) in the gas separation composite membrane with respect to the gas having pressure may be lowered, and as a result, high carbon dioxide selectivity may not be obtained. is there.
- the mass ratio (A) / (C) is preferably 35/65 to 65/35, and more preferably 40/60 to 65/35.
- the mass ratio (B) / (C) between the vinyl alcohol polymer (B) and the cross-linking agent (C) having an azetidinium group is 20/80 to 80/20.
- the mass ratio (B) / (C) is less than 20/80, the film forming property may be deteriorated and a homogeneous gas separation composite membrane may not be obtained.
- the mass ratio (B) / (C) is When it exceeds 80/20, there is a possibility that the water resistance is lowered.
- the mass ratio (B) / (C) is preferably 25/75 to 80/20.
- the crosslinking agent (D) used in the present invention is a polyfunctional crosslinking agent having no azetidinium group. That is, the crosslinking agent (D) used in the present invention is a crosslinking agent used for crosslinking the vinyl alcohol polymers (B) or the polyamide amine dendrimer (A) and the vinyl alcohol polymer (B). However, it is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a compound having two or more functional groups such as an epoxy group, an aldehyde group, and a halogen atom, a titanium-based crosslinking agent, and a zirconium-based crosslinking agent.
- the polyfunctional crosslinking agent (D) is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of a titanium-based crosslinking agent, a zirconium-based crosslinking agent, and a crosslinking agent having an epoxy group or an aldehyde group as a functional group. .
- crosslinking agent having an epoxy group examples include epichlorohydrin, diepoxy alkane, diepoxy alkene, (poly) ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, (poly) propylene glycol diglycidyl ether, (poly) glycerin diglycidyl ether, and the like. In particular, ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether is preferable.
- the crosslinking agent having an aldehyde group include dialdehyde compounds such as glutaraldehyde, succinaldehyde, malondialdehyde, terephthalaldehyde, and isophthalaldehyde, and glutaraldehyde is particularly preferable.
- titanium alkoxide-based crosslinking agents such as titanium diisopropoxybis (triethanolaminate) and titanium lactate ammonium salt are preferable.
- zirconium-based crosslinking agent examples include zirconium chloride, zirconium sulfate, zirconium nitrate, zirconium acetate, zirconium carbonate, ammonium zirconium carbonate, zirconium stearate, zirconium octylate, and zirconium silicate.
- zirconium compounds water-soluble compounds are preferable, and those having no chlorine are more preferable. Specific examples include zirconium sulfate, zirconium nitrate, zirconium acetate, and ammonium zirconium carbonate.
- the mass ratio (B) / (D) between the vinyl alcohol polymer (B) and the polyfunctional crosslinking agent (D) is not particularly limited, and is preferably 60/40 to 90/10.
- the mass ratio (B) / (D) is less than 60/40, the film forming operation becomes difficult due to a decrease in solution stability, and as a result, a homogeneous gas separation composite membrane may not be obtained.
- (B) / (D) exceeds 90/10, the water resistance may decrease.
- the mass ratio (B) / (D) is more preferably 65/35 to 85/15.
- the weight retention of the composite membrane is preferably in the range of 60 to 100% by mass.
- the weight retention is in this range, a gas separation composite membrane having water resistance and no reduction in carbon dioxide selectivity can be suitably obtained.
- the present inventors have confirmed that the weight retention in the gas separation composite membrane of the present invention is affected by the crosslinking rate and molecular weight of the polyamidoamine dendrimer (A) and the vinyl alcohol polymer (B). is doing.
- the crosslinking rate can be adjusted by the mass ratio (A) / (C) of the above-described polyamidoamine dendrimer (A) and the crosslinking agent (C) having an azetidinium group.
- a polyfunctional crosslinking agent It can be adjusted by adding D). Moreover, it can adjust also by bridge
- the polyamidoamine dendrimer (A) when the weight retention is less than 60% by mass, the polyamidoamine dendrimer (A) can be immobilized on the matrix of the vinyl alcohol polymer (B) and the crosslinking agent (C). This is not possible, and the high carbon dioxide selectivity inherent in the polyamide amine dendrimer (A) may not be obtained, and at the same time, the water resistance may be lowered.
- the weight retention is more preferably 70% by mass or more.
- the nitrogen element weight retention of the composite membrane is preferably in the range of 60 to 100% by mass.
- the composite membrane having high carbon dioxide selectivity inherent in the polyamidoamine dendrimer (A) can be suitably obtained.
- the present inventors have shown that the nitrogen element weight retention in the gas separation composite membrane of the present invention is affected by the crosslinking rate and molecular weight of the polyamidoamine dendrimer (A) and the vinyl alcohol polymer (B). Has confirmed.
- the crosslinking rate can be adjusted in the same manner as the method described for the weight retention rate.
- the polyamide amine dendrimer (A) is fixed to the matrix of the vinyl alcohol polymer (B) and the crosslinking agent (C). May not be sufficient, and there is a possibility that the high gas selectivity inherent in the polyamidoamine dendrimer (A) may not be obtained.
- the nitrogen element weight retention is more preferably 70% by mass or more.
- the gas separation composite membrane of the present invention has a weight retention of 60% by mass or more and a nitrogen element weight retention of 60% by mass when the composite membrane is immersed in distilled water at 30 ° C. for 3 hours. It is preferable that the gas separation composite membrane has high carbon dioxide selectivity even for a mixed gas containing water vapor and can be used practically.
- the weight retention of the composite membrane is 60% by mass or more, and the nitrogen element weight is retained.
- the rate is 60% by mass or more, the polyamidoamine dendrimer (A) and the vinyl alcohol polymer (B) containing 0.5 to 5 mol% of carboxyl groups are crosslinked with a crosslinking agent (C) having an azetidinium group.
- heat treatment of the composite membrane is important.
- the heat treatment temperature is preferably 60 to 150 ° C, more preferably 90 to 130 ° C. If the heat treatment temperature is less than 60 ° C, the effect of the heat treatment may be insufficient, and if it exceeds 150 ° C, each component may be decomposed.
- the heat treatment time is not particularly limited, but is preferably in the range of 1 second to 1 hour. If it is less than 1 second, the effect of heat treatment may be insufficient, and if it exceeds 1 hour, each component may be decomposed, and it may cause difficulty in industrial implementation, which is not preferable.
- the gas separation composite membrane excellent in water resistance of the present invention is suitably used as a gas separation membrane that can withstand mixed gas containing water vapor and can be used practically.
- the gas separation membrane is composed of a support membrane and the composite membrane of the present invention, and the composite membrane of the present invention is formed on the surface of a known support membrane.
- the polymer constituting the support film conventionally known resins for film formation can be used.
- resins for film formation can be used.
- polysulfone, polyethersulfone, polyamide, polyimide, polyacrylonitrile, polystyrene, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyvinyl chloride, polymethyl methacrylate and the like can be mentioned.
- the gas permeation rate of the composite membrane was measured from composition analysis by sending it to a gas chromatograph (Product No .: GC-4000, manufactured by GL Sciences) together with flowing Ar. In addition, this measurement was implemented by the differential pressure method which adjusted the transmembrane pressure difference to 0.4 MPa.
- Q (CO 2 ) (CO 2 permeation flow rate) / (membrane area) ⁇ (CO 2 supply partial pressure ⁇ CO 2 permeation partial pressure)
- Example 1 A 5% aqueous solution of PVA (brand: KL-118, manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.) containing 1 mol% of a carboxyl group, having a saponification degree of vinyl acetate units of 98.6 mol% and a polymerization degree of 1800 was prepared.
- PVA brand: KL-118, manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.
- aqueous methanol solution manufactured by Aldrich
- polyamidoamine dendrimer surface group: —CONHCH 2 CH 2 NH 2 , number of surface groups: 4
- 25% aqueous solution of polyamide epichlorohydrin resin (Brand: WS4020, manufactured by Seiko PMC Co., Ltd.) and 6 parts by weight were gradually added while stirring.
- This solution was cast and dried at 20 ° C. to obtain a sheet having a thickness of 100 ⁇ m.
- the obtained sheet was fixed to a frame and heat-treated at 120 ° C. for 10 minutes with a hot air dryer. After the heat-treated sheet-like material was immersed in distilled water at 30 ° C. for 3 hours, the weight retention rate, swelling rate, and nitrogen element weight retention rate were measured. The weight retention rate was 90%, the swelling rate was 340%, the nitrogen element weight retention rate was 93%, and the film state was firm. Further, using the gas separation composite membrane that is the obtained sheet-like material, the carbon dioxide permeation rate Q (CO 2 ) and the helium permeation rate Q (He) are measured, and the carbon dioxide selectivity ⁇ ( ⁇ ) is obtained. Asked. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 2 A 5% aqueous solution of PVA (brand: KL-118, manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.) similar to Example 1 was prepared, and polyamidoamine dendrimer (surface group: —CONHCH 2 CH 2 NH 2 , surface group) with respect to 100 parts by weight of the aqueous solution. 62.5 parts by weight of 20% aqueous methanol solution (manufactured by Aldrich) and 30 parts by weight of 25% aqueous solution of polyamide epichlorohydrin resin (brand: WS4020, manufactured by Seiko PMC) Slowly added to prepare. This solution was cast and dried at 20 ° C. to obtain a sheet having a thickness of 100 ⁇ m.
- PVA brand: KL-118, manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.
- the obtained sheet was fixed to a frame and heat-treated at 120 ° C. for 10 minutes with a hot air dryer. After the heat-treated sheet-like material was immersed in distilled water at 30 ° C. for 3 hours, the weight retention rate, swelling rate, and nitrogen element weight retention rate were measured. The weight retention rate was 76%, the swelling rate was 410%, the nitrogen element weight retention rate was 91%, and the film state was firm. Further, using the gas separation composite membrane that is the obtained sheet-like material, the carbon dioxide permeation rate Q (CO 2 ) and the helium permeation rate Q (He) are measured, and the carbon dioxide selectivity ⁇ ( ⁇ ) is obtained. Asked. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 3 A 5% aqueous solution of PVA (brand: KL-118, manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.) similar to Example 1 was prepared, and polyamidoamine dendrimer (surface group: —CONHCH 2 CH 2 NH 2 , surface group) with respect to 100 parts by weight of the aqueous solution. 62.5 parts by weight of 20% aqueous methanol solution (manufactured by Aldrich), 30 parts by weight of 25% aqueous solution of polyamide epichlorohydrin resin (brand: WS4020, manufactured by Seiko PMC), and ORGATICS TC400 An 80% solution (manufactured by Matsumoto Fine Chemical Co., Ltd.) was prepared by gradually adding 1.5625 parts by weight with stirring.
- PVA brand: KL-118, manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.
- This solution was cast and dried at 20 ° C. to obtain a sheet having a thickness of 100 ⁇ m.
- the obtained sheet was fixed to a frame and heat-treated at 120 ° C. for 10 minutes with a hot air dryer. After the heat-treated sheet was immersed in distilled water at 30 ° C. for 3 hours, the weight retention rate, swelling rate, and nitrogen element weight retention rate were measured. The weight retention rate was 83%, the swelling rate was 170%, the nitrogen element weight retention rate was 91%, and the film state was firm. Further, using the gas separation composite membrane that is the obtained sheet-like material, the carbon dioxide permeation rate Q (CO 2 ) and the helium permeation rate Q (He) are measured, and the carbon dioxide selectivity ⁇ ( ⁇ ) is obtained. Asked. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Comparative Example 1 A sheet-like material was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that instead of the polyamide epichlorohydrin resin, an 80% solution of Orgatics TC400 was prepared using 1.5625 parts by weight. The weight retention was 83% and the swelling ratio was 160%, and the film state was firm, but the nitrogen element weight retention was as low as 5%, and it was confirmed that most of the polyamide amine dendrimer was eluted. It was. Further, the carbon dioxide permeation rate Q (CO 2 ) and the helium permeation rate Q (He) were measured using the obtained sheet-like material to obtain the carbon dioxide selectivity ⁇ ( ⁇ ). The results are shown in Table 1.
- Comparative Example 2 Except for changing the type of PVA to PVA having a saponification degree of vinyl acetate unit of 98.6 mol%, a polymerization degree of 2000, and not modified by carboxyl groups (brand: PVA-120, manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.), the same as in Example 1 A sheet-like material was prepared. The obtained sheet-like material could not maintain its film shape in distilled water, and the film itself dissolved. In addition, since the obtained sheet-like material was phase-separated and did not form a homogeneous membrane, carbon dioxide permeation rate Q (CO 2 ) and helium permeation rate Q (He) could not be measured. The selectivity ⁇ ( ⁇ ) could not be determined. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Comparative Example 3 A sheet-like material was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount of the polyamidoamine dendrimer was changed as shown in Table 1. The weight retention was 45%, the swelling ratio was 1440%, and the nitrogen element weight retention was 16%. Thus, it was confirmed that not only the film state was poor but also the polyamide amine dendrimer was mostly eluted. Further, the carbon dioxide permeation rate Q (CO 2 ) and the helium permeation rate Q (He) were measured using the obtained sheet-like material to obtain the carbon dioxide selectivity ⁇ ( ⁇ ). The results are shown in Table 1.
- Comparative Example 4 A sheet-like material was produced in the same manner as in Example 3 except that the amount of the polyamide epichlorohydrin resin was changed as shown in Table 1. The weight retention rate was 51% and the swelling rate was 560%, and the film state was firm, but the nitrogen element weight retention rate was as low as 16%, and it was confirmed that most of the polyamide amine dendrimers were eluted. It was. Further, the carbon dioxide permeation rate Q (CO 2 ) and the helium permeation rate Q (He) were measured using the obtained sheet-like material to obtain the carbon dioxide selectivity ⁇ ( ⁇ ). The results are shown in Table 1.
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Abstract
Description
で示される基、または式(2)
で示される基を有するポリアミドアミンデンドリマー(A)、カルボキシル基を0.5~5mol%含有するビニルアルコール系重合体(B)、及びアゼチジニウム基を有する架橋剤(C)を含むガス分離複合膜であって、ポリアミドアミンデンドリマー(A)とアゼチジニウム基を有する架橋剤(C)との質量比(A)/(C)が20/80~65/35であり、ビニルアルコール系重合体(B)とアゼチジニウム基を有する架橋剤(C)との質量比(B)/(C)が20/80~80/20であることを特徴とするガス分離複合膜を提供することによって解決される。
で示される基、または式(2)
で示される基を有するポリアミドアミンデンドリマー(A)、カルボキシル基を0.5~5mol%含有するビニルアルコール系重合体(B)、アゼチジニウム基を有する架橋剤(C)および多官能性架橋剤(D)を含むガス分離複合膜であって、ポリアミドアミンデンドリマー(A)とアゼチジニウム基を有する架橋剤(C)との質量比(A)/(C)が20/80~65/35であり、ビニルアルコール系重合体(B)とアゼチジニウム基を有する架橋剤(C)との質量比(B)/(C)が20/80~80/20であり、ビニルアルコール系重合体(B)と多官能性架橋剤(D)との質量比(B)/(D)が60/40~90/10であることを特徴とするガス分離複合膜を提供することによっても解決される。
で示される基、または式(2)
で示される基を有する。これらの中でも、式(1)で示される基を有するポリアミドアミンデンドリマー(A)が好適に用いられる。
P=([η]×103/8.29)(1/0.62)
重合度が300未満の場合には、複合膜のマトリックスを構成する機能が低下して複合膜の耐水性が低下する恐れがある。重合度が2500を超える場合には、複合膜を作製する際のポリアミドアミンデンドリマー(A)とビニルアルコール系重合体(B)とアゼチジニウム基を有する架橋剤(C)とからなる溶液の粘度が高くなりすぎる場合があり、作業性が低下するのみならず均質な複合膜が得られない恐れがある。
シート状物の重量保持率、膨潤率、窒素元素重量保持率はそれぞれ次式で求めた。なお、窒素元素重量の値は、有機元素分析2400II(パーキンエルマー社製)を用いることにより得た。
重量保持率(%)=(W2/W3)×100
膨潤率(%)=(W1/W2)×100
窒素元素重量保持率(%)=(N2/N3)×100
W1:水浸漬後の試料重量、W2:水浸漬後さらに乾燥した後の試料重量、W3:水浸漬前の試料重量
N2:水浸漬後さらに乾燥した後の試料中の窒素重量、N3:水浸漬前の試料中の窒素重量
シート状物を30℃の蒸留水に3時間浸漬させた時の重量保持率および窒素元素重量保持率を測定し、共に60質量%以上であることを以て複合膜が架橋していると判断した。
二酸化炭素の透過速度Q(CO2)(m3/m2・s・Pa)およびヘリウムの透過速度Q(He)(m3/m2・s・Pa)を以下のようにして測定し、二酸化炭素選択性α(-)を求めた。
組成をCO2/He=80/20(ml/min)、温度を40℃、相対湿度を80RH%に調整したガスを複合膜に供給し、膜を透過したガスは透過側にスウィープガスとして10ml/min流れるArとともにガスクロマトグラフ(品番:GC-4000、ジーエルサイエンス社製)に送られ、組成分析から該複合膜のガス透過速度を測定した。なお、本測定は、膜間圧力差を0.4MPaに調整した差圧法によって実施した。
Q(CO2)=(CO2透過流量)/(膜面積)・(CO2供給分圧-CO2透過分圧)
Q(He)=(He透過流量)/(膜面積)・(He供給分圧-He透過分圧)
α=Q(CO2)/Q(He)
カルボキシル基を1モル%含有し、酢酸ビニル単位のけん化度98.6モル%、重合度1800のPVA(銘柄:KL-118、クラレ社製)5%水溶液を作製し、その水溶液100重量部に対してポリアミドアミンデンドリマー(表面基:-CONHCH2CH2NH2、表面基の数:4個)の20%メタノール水溶液(アルドリッチ社製)を6.25重量部と、ポリアミドエピクロルヒドリン樹脂の25%水溶液(銘柄:WS4020、星光PMC社製)を6重量部とを攪拌しながら徐々に加えて調製した。この溶液を流延し、20℃で乾燥して厚み100μmのシート状物を得た。得られたシート状物を枠に固定し、熱風乾燥機で120℃、10分間熱処理した。熱処理したシート状物を30℃の蒸留水に3時間浸漬させた後、重量保持率、膨潤率、窒素元素重量保持率を測定した。重量保持率は90%、膨潤率は340%、窒素元素重量保持率は93%であり、皮膜状態もしっかりしていた。また、得られたシート状物であるガス分離複合膜を用いて、二酸化炭素の透過速度Q(CO2)およびヘリウムの透過速度Q(He)を測定し、二酸化炭素選択性α(-)を求めた。結果を表1に示す。
実施例1と同様のPVA(銘柄:KL-118、クラレ社製)5%水溶液を作製し、その水溶液100重量部に対してポリアミドアミンデンドリマー(表面基:-CONHCH2CH2NH2、表面基の数:4個)の20%メタノール水溶液(アルドリッチ社製)を62.5重量部と、ポリアミドエピクロルヒドリン樹脂の25%水溶液(銘柄:WS4020、星光PMC社製)を30重量部とを攪拌しながら徐々に加えて調製した。この溶液を流延し、20℃で乾燥して厚み100μmのシート状物を得た。得られたシート状物を枠に固定し、熱風乾燥機で120℃、10分間熱処理した。熱処理したシート状物を30℃の蒸留水に3時間浸漬させた後、重量保持率、膨潤率、窒素元素重量保持率を測定した。重量保持率は76%、膨潤率は410%、窒素元素重量保持率は91%であり、皮膜状態もしっかりしていた。また、得られたシート状物であるガス分離複合膜を用いて、二酸化炭素の透過速度Q(CO2)およびヘリウムの透過速度Q(He)を測定し、二酸化炭素選択性α(-)を求めた。結果を表1に示す。
実施例1と同様のPVA(銘柄:KL-118、クラレ社製)5%水溶液を作製し、その水溶液100重量部に対してポリアミドアミンデンドリマー(表面基:-CONHCH2CH2NH2、表面基の数:4個)の20%メタノール水溶液(アルドリッチ社製)を62.5重量部と、ポリアミドエピクロルヒドリン樹脂の25%水溶液(銘柄:WS4020、星光PMC社製)を30重量部、さらにオルガチックスTC400(マツモトファインケミカル社製)の80%溶液を1.5625重量部とを攪拌しながら徐々に加えて調製した。この溶液を流延し、20℃で乾燥して厚み100μmのシート状物を得た。得られたシート状物を枠に固定し、熱風乾燥機で120℃、10分間熱処理した。熱処理したシート状物を30℃の蒸留水に3時間浸漬させた後、重量保持率、膨潤率、窒素元素重量保持率を測定した。重量保持率は83%、膨潤率は170%、窒素元素重量保持率は91%であり、皮膜状態もしっかりしていた。また、得られたシート状物であるガス分離複合膜を用いて、二酸化炭素の透過速度Q(CO2)およびヘリウムの透過速度Q(He)を測定し、二酸化炭素選択性α(-)を求めた。結果を表1に示す。
ポリアミドエピクロルヒドリン樹脂の代わりに、オルガチックスTC400の80%溶液を1.5625重量部用いて調製した以外は、実施例1と同様にシート状物を作製した。重量保持率は83%、膨潤率は160%であり、皮膜状態はしっかりしていたが、窒素元素重量保持率が5%と低く、大部分のポリアミドアミンデンドリマーが溶出していることが確認された。また、得られたシート状物を用いて、二酸化炭素の透過速度Q(CO2)およびヘリウムの透過速度Q(He)を測定し、二酸化炭素選択性α(-)を求めた。結果を表1に示す。
PVAの種類を、酢酸ビニル単位のけん化度98.6モル%、重合度2000、カルボキシル基による変性なしのPVA(銘柄:PVA-120、クラレ社製)に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にシート状物を作製した。得られたシート状物は、蒸留水中においてその皮膜形状を維持することができず、皮膜自体が溶解した。また、得られたシート状物は、相分離してしまい均質な膜とならなかったため、二酸化炭素の透過速度Q(CO2)およびヘリウムの透過速度Q(He)の測定ができず、二酸化炭素選択性α(-)を求めることができなかった。結果を表1に示す。
ポリアミドアミンデンドリマーの量を表1のように変えた以外は、実施例1と同様にシート状物を作製した。重量保持率は45%、膨潤率は1440%、窒素元素重量保持率は16%であり、皮膜状態が不良であるだけでなく、ポリアミドアミンデンドリマーも大部分溶出していることが確認された。また、得られたシート状物を用いて、二酸化炭素の透過速度Q(CO2)およびヘリウムの透過速度Q(He)を測定し、二酸化炭素選択性α(-)を求めた。結果を表1に示す。
ポリアミドエピクロルヒドリン樹脂の量を表1のように変えた以外は、実施例3と同様にシート状物を作製した。重量保持率は51%、膨潤率は560%であり、皮膜状態はしっかりしていたが、窒素元素重量保持率が16%と低く、大部分のポリアミドアミンデンドリマーが溶出していることが確認された。また、得られたシート状物を用いて、二酸化炭素の透過速度Q(CO2)およびヘリウムの透過速度Q(He)を測定し、二酸化炭素選択性α(-)を求めた。結果を表1に示す。
Claims (4)
- 式(1)
で示される基、または式(2)
で示される基を有するポリアミドアミンデンドリマー(A)、カルボキシル基を0.5~5mol%含有するビニルアルコール系重合体(B)、及びアゼチジニウム基を有する架橋剤(C)を含むガス分離複合膜であって、ポリアミドアミンデンドリマー(A)とアゼチジニウム基を有する架橋剤(C)との質量比(A)/(C)が20/80~65/35であり、ビニルアルコール系重合体(B)とアゼチジニウム基を有する架橋剤(C)との質量比(B)/(C)が20/80~80/20であることを特徴とするガス分離複合膜。 - 前記複合膜を30℃の蒸留水に3時間浸漬させた時の該複合膜の重量保持率が60質量%以上であり、窒素元素重量保持率が60質量%以上である請求項1記載のガス分離複合膜。
- 式(1)
で示される基、または式(2)
で示される基を有するポリアミドアミンデンドリマー(A)、カルボキシル基を0.5~5mol%含有するビニルアルコール系重合体(B)、アゼチジニウム基を有する架橋剤(C)および多官能性架橋剤(D)を含むガス分離複合膜であって、ポリアミドアミンデンドリマー(A)とアゼチジニウム基を有する架橋剤(C)との質量比(A)/(C)が20/80~65/35であり、ビニルアルコール系重合体(B)とアゼチジニウム基を有する架橋剤(C)との質量比(B)/(C)が20/80~80/20であり、ビニルアルコール系重合体(B)と多官能性架橋剤(D)との質量比(B)/(D)が60/40~90/10であることを特徴とするガス分離複合膜。 - 前記複合膜を30℃の蒸留水に3時間浸漬させた時の該複合膜の重量保持率が60質量%以上であり、窒素元素重量保持率が60質量%以上である請求項3記載のガス分離複合膜。
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JP2012192316A (ja) * | 2011-03-15 | 2012-10-11 | Research Institute Of Innovative Technology For The Earth | ガス分離複合膜 |
US20150217236A1 (en) * | 2012-09-04 | 2015-08-06 | Nitto Denko Corporation | Separation membrane, composite separation membrane, and method for producing separation membrane |
JP2015188866A (ja) * | 2014-03-28 | 2015-11-02 | 次世代型膜モジュール技術研究組合 | ガス分離膜 |
JP2015188865A (ja) * | 2014-03-28 | 2015-11-02 | 次世代型膜モジュール技術研究組合 | ガス分離膜 |
JP2015188867A (ja) * | 2014-03-28 | 2015-11-02 | 次世代型膜モジュール技術研究組合 | ガス分離膜 |
JP2020037100A (ja) * | 2018-08-31 | 2020-03-12 | ポール・コーポレーションPall Corporation | 耐塩性アニオン交換媒体 |
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CN103212311B (zh) * | 2013-05-08 | 2014-11-05 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | 一种气体分离膜的制备方法 |
CN103464012B (zh) * | 2013-09-27 | 2015-05-20 | 中国石油大学(华东) | 一种无机盐致孔剂用于耐有机溶剂聚酰亚胺纳滤膜的制备方法 |
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US20150217236A1 (en) * | 2012-09-04 | 2015-08-06 | Nitto Denko Corporation | Separation membrane, composite separation membrane, and method for producing separation membrane |
JP2015188866A (ja) * | 2014-03-28 | 2015-11-02 | 次世代型膜モジュール技術研究組合 | ガス分離膜 |
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