WO2011102317A1 - モニタリングシステム、装置および方法 - Google Patents
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- WO2011102317A1 WO2011102317A1 PCT/JP2011/053042 JP2011053042W WO2011102317A1 WO 2011102317 A1 WO2011102317 A1 WO 2011102317A1 JP 2011053042 W JP2011053042 W JP 2011053042W WO 2011102317 A1 WO2011102317 A1 WO 2011102317A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
- H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
- H04L47/28—Flow control; Congestion control in relation to timing considerations
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
- H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
- H04L47/38—Flow control; Congestion control by adapting coding or compression rate
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/01—Protocols
- H04L67/12—Protocols specially adapted for proprietary or special-purpose networking environments, e.g. medical networks, sensor networks, networks in vehicles or remote metering networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/50—Network services
- H04L67/60—Scheduling or organising the servicing of application requests, e.g. requests for application data transmissions using the analysis and optimisation of the required network resources
- H04L67/61—Scheduling or organising the servicing of application requests, e.g. requests for application data transmissions using the analysis and optimisation of the required network resources taking into account QoS or priority requirements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
- H04L69/04—Protocols for data compression, e.g. ROHC
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
- H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
- H04L47/24—Traffic characterised by specific attributes, e.g. priority or QoS
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S40/00—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S40/00—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them
- Y04S40/18—Network protocols supporting networked applications, e.g. including control of end-device applications over a network
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a monitoring system, and more particularly to a monitoring technique for performing priority control in consideration of bandwidth limitation of a broadband network.
- Patent Document 1 a technique for controlling the priority of transfer / display of image data from a camera based on priority information obtained from communication between a mobile node and a fixed node. Is disclosed.
- the following factors can be considered as the factors of difficulty in downloading all the data described above.
- the total capacity of data generated in the network is the traffic capacity that can be transmitted over the network (usually about 100 to 10 Gbps for Ethernet (registered trademark)) Will be exceeded.
- the traffic capacity usually about 100 to 10 Gbps for Ethernet (registered trademark)
- the difference between the average value and the maximum value of the total traffic volume is large, and overdesigning the network under worst conditions will result in overspec.
- public networks such as the Internet
- the amount of traffic generated under the same network cannot be predicted.
- the transmission capacity varies depending on radio wave propagation conditions.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a monitoring system capable of solving the above-described various problems and realizing priority control in consideration of network bandwidth limitation.
- the present invention is a monitoring system using a network interconnection device that connects a first network to which a plurality of communication terminals are connected and a second network to which a management center is connected. Then, the network interconnection device selects the transmission data to the upper node such as the management center of the second network based on the priority order of the transmission data according to the event status of the plurality of communication terminals, and the event status and the communication status of the network
- a monitoring system for selecting a data compression method for transmission data according to the data is provided.
- communication control is performed so as to receive data from a plurality of communication terminals via the first network and transmit the data to the management center via the second network.
- the apparatus includes a communication unit that communicates with each of the first network and the second network, a processing unit, and a storage unit.
- the processing unit receives data from a plurality of communication terminals via the communication unit.
- the event status is extracted by filtering processing, the communication status of the second network is estimated based on the received data from the management center received via the communication unit, and the degree of compression of data to be transmitted is determined according to the communication status.
- a communication control device that selects and determines a priority order of data to be transmitted and a compression method based on an event status and a compression degree.
- the present invention includes a communication unit, a processing unit, and a storage unit, receives data from a plurality of communication terminals via the first network, A communication control method for a communication device that transmits to a management center via a network, wherein the processing unit extracts an event status based on data from a plurality of communication terminals via the communication unit, and receives the event status via the communication unit Based on the data received from the management center, the communication status of the network is estimated, the compression level of the data to be transmitted is selected according to the communication status, and the priority order of the data to be transmitted is determined based on the event status and the compression level.
- a communication control method for determining a compression method is provided.
- the amount of data sent to the second network can be reduced without degrading the performance of the monitoring system even when all the data generated in the first network cannot always be sent through the second network. Can be reduced. Furthermore, even if a pay network is used, the communication cost can be suppressed.
- FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of a communication system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a local network in Embodiment 1.
- FIG. It is a figure which shows one Example of the network interconnection apparatus based on Example 1.
- FIG. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a processing flow of a priority order / filter type selection processing unit according to the first embodiment. It is a figure which shows an example of the table for every status based on Example 1.
- FIG. It is a figure which shows an example of the compression degree calculation table based on Example 1.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of components of a status table according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. It is a figure which shows another example of the component of the table for status based on Example 1.
- FIG. It is a figure for demonstrating the effect of the monitoring system of Example 1.
- FIG. It is a figure explaining the communication flow for the communication condition judgment of the wide area network based on Example 1.
- FIG. It is a figure explaining the communication flow for the communication condition judgment of the wide area network based on Example 1.
- FIG. It is a figure explaining the communication flow for the communication condition judgment of the wide area network based on Example 1.
- FIG. It is a figure explaining the communication flow for the communication condition judgment of the wide area network based on Example 1.
- FIG. It is a figure which shows the example of 1 structure of the network interconnection apparatus based on Example 1.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a communication terminal according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a management center according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of components of a status table according to the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating another example of components of a status table according to the fourth embodiment. It is a figure which shows an example of the content and format of the information which are transmitted to the network interconnection apparatus from a communication terminal based on Example 1 and Example 4.
- FIG. It is a figure which shows another example of an example of the component of the table for status shown to FIG. 6A, 6B. It is a figure which shows another example of an example of the component of the table for status shown to FIG. 6A, 6B.
- FIG. 1 shows an overall configuration diagram of a communication system according to the first embodiment that can realize various types of monitoring.
- 10 and 14 indicate a wide area network called WAN (WideWArea Network) and a local network called LAN (Local Area Network), respectively, and 11 is a network interconnection device for interconnecting them. is there.
- a plurality of communication terminals 12 such as various sensors such as a temperature sensor and a monitoring camera are connected to the local network 14 functioning as the first network, and the upper level node is connected to the wide area network 10 functioning as the second network.
- the management center 13 is connected.
- the network interconnection device 11 functions as an edge node of each network.
- the first network and the second network are not limited to the illustrated LAN and WAN.
- FIG. 2 shows an example of a more specific configuration of the local network 14 functioning as the first network of this embodiment.
- reference numeral 20 denotes a monitoring device to be monitored
- reference numerals 21 to 25 denote a sensor 1, a sensor 2, a sensor 3, a monitoring camera 4, and a monitoring camera 5, which are the communication terminals 12 of FIG.
- various sensing data such as the operating environment related to the monitoring device 20 and monitoring video data are transmitted from the sensor and the monitoring camera to the wide area network 14 functioning as the second network via the network interconnection device 11.
- the sensors 21 to 23 and the monitoring cameras 24 and 25 are arranged around the monitoring device 20, and once function as an edge node of the local network 14. After the data is collected in the interconnection device 11, the data is further collected in the management center 13 via the wide area network 10.
- the sensing data of the sensors 21 to 23 is 1 kbps without compression, and the minimum is 0. 0 by filtering processing such as averaging and feature extraction described in detail later. It can be compressed to 2 kbps.
- the data from the cameras 24 and 25 can be configured to be selectable from five levels of 4k, 16k, 32k, 64k, and 128 kbps according to the image quality per unit, but it goes without saying that the present invention is not limited to these. Yes.
- the communication terminal 12 sends header information 180 and sensing information 181 including various sensing data and images input from a sensor or a monitoring camera connected to the terminal.
- a terminal type 182 indicating the type of the communication terminal and the connected device (sensor, monitoring camera, etc.), a terminal ID 183 for distinguishing a plurality of communication terminals, and sensing information when acquired Time information 184 and the like are included.
- the terminal type is divided into two types, “sensor” and “monitoring camera”, and the terminal ID is 1 to 5.
- the terminal ID can be assigned with a serial number regardless of whether the terminal type is “sensor” or “monitoring camera” as in the present embodiment, and is divided into “sensor 1” and “monitoring camera 1” for each terminal type. It can also be attached.
- FIG. 11 shows an embodiment of the network interconnection device 11.
- a network interconnection device 11 includes a local network 14 and a local network communication interface (I / F) 111 connected to the wide area network 10 and a wide area network communication I / F 116, and an internal bus 117 connecting them.
- a central processing unit (CPU) 112 serving as a connected processing unit, a hardware accelerator 115 serving as a processing unit, a calculation memory 114 serving as a storage unit, and a storage unit storing a program executed by the CPU 112 It is composed of a program storage memory 113.
- Various tables described in detail may be stored and stored in either the calculation memory 114 or the program storage memory 113 constituting the storage unit.
- the hardware accelerator 115 refers to a part that replaces a part of software operation such as the filtering processing unit 33 executed by the CPU 112 with a hardware circuit, and speeds up the operation as the filtering processing unit 1151.
- a part of software operation such as the filtering processing unit 33 executed by the CPU 112 with a hardware circuit
- speeds up the operation as the filtering processing unit 1151 For example, an FFT operation, an error correction decoding operation such as a turbo code, compression / decompression of an MPEG image, and the like, and a commercially available circuit IP of FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) can be used. It is.
- the program storage memory 113 includes each processing unit shown in FIG. 3, a filtering program 1131 corresponding to each table shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B, a local network data statistical program 1132, a priority order / filter type selection.
- a program 1133, a wide area network status promotion program 1136, a transmission data selection program 1137, a status table 1134, and a compression degree calculation table 1135 are stored.
- the calculation memory 114 includes, as its areas, a buffering area 1141, local network data statistical information 1142, wide area network status estimation information 1143, priority order / filter type selection information 1144. Is provided.
- FIG. 12 shows an embodiment of the communication terminal 12.
- the communication terminal 12 includes the block elements shown in FIG. 12 in addition to the sensor function and camera function as the various communication terminals described above. That is, a local network communication I / F 121 connected to the local network 14 is provided, and the CPU 122, the arithmetic memory 124, and the program storage memory 123 are connected to the internal bus 127 connected thereto. Each communication terminal 12 uses these CPU 122, calculation memory 124, and program storage memory 123 to process data from each sensor function unit and camera function unit (not shown) and send them to the local network 14. To control.
- the hardware processing unit 1251 is partially replaced with the filtering processing unit 1251.
- the program storage memory 123 stores a filtering program 1231 and a local network data statistics program 1232.
- the computing memory 124 is provided with a buffering area 1241 and local network data statistical information 1242 as areas according to the execution status of each program.
- FIG. 13 shows an embodiment of the management center 13.
- the management center 13 includes a wide area network communication I / F 136 connected to the wide area network 10, and a CPU 132, a hardware accelerator 135, an arithmetic memory 134, and a program storage area connected to an internal bus 137 connected thereto.
- the memory 133 is configured.
- the hardware accelerator 135 is partially replaced with the filtering processing unit 1351.
- the program storage memory 133 stores a filtering program 1331 and a wide area network status promotion program 1332.
- the computing memory 134 is provided with a buffering area 1341 and wide-area network status estimation information 1342 as its area according to the execution status of each program.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of the network interconnection device 11 that functions as an edge node according to the first embodiment.
- reference numerals 31 to 39 denote processing blocks realized by software executed by the processing unit of the network interconnection apparatus 11 or dedicated hardware realized by an FPGA, and the local network communication processing unit and buffering, respectively.
- a processing unit, a filtering processing unit, a priority control unit, a local network data statistical processing unit, a priority order / filter type selection processing unit, a wide area network status estimation processing unit, a transmission data selection processing unit, and a wide area network communication processing unit are shown.
- the wide area network state estimation processing unit 36 realizes processing for periodically monitoring the communication state of the wide area network 10, that is, the average of the substantially transmittable rates.
- the local network communication processing unit 31 is a communication interface with the local network 14.
- the buffering processing unit 32 functions as a data buffer using a memory.
- the filtering processing unit 33 includes reversible processing such as compression processing of the header information 180 and irreversible processing such as quantization processing of the sensing information 181 among the information from the communication terminal described above with reference to FIG.
- the contents of the filtering processing of the filtering processing unit 33 can be read out as a filtering processing library created in advance in the device 11 which is an edge node, or distributed from a management center corresponding to a higher node.
- the reversible process includes a difference calculation process from a reference value of sensing information by a sensor, a process for generating a packet of a plurality of pieces of sensing information, a compression process of header information in accordance with a defined communication protocol (for example, specified in IETF standard RFC4944) Yes).
- a defined communication protocol for example, specified in IETF standard RFC4944
- the buffering processing unit 32 buffers the data before processing in the network interconnection device 11 as an edge node.
- the data before processing is sent as it is or when it becomes necessary later, it is possible to access the device 11 which is the edge node from the upper node and confirm the data before processing.
- the priority control unit 34 roughly provides the following three processes as shown in FIG. That is, the local network data statistical processing unit 35, the wide area network status estimation processing unit 36, and the priority order / filter type selection processing unit 37. These processes can be realized by a software process executed by the CPU 132 for a program corresponding to each process stored in the program storage memory 133 of FIG. 11 described above.
- the wide area network state estimation processing unit 36 estimates the communication state such as throughput and delay of the wide area network 10 used when the wide area network communication processing unit 39 sends the sensing information collected by the edge node to the upper node.
- the priority order / filter type selection processing unit 37 is notified.
- the wide area network 10 includes a closed network dedicated to the target system and an open network such as the Internet or a mobile phone network.
- bandwidth bandwidth
- the broadband network state estimation processing unit 36 holds information on the guaranteed bandwidth at the time of setting.
- the TCP / IP Transmission Control / Protocol / Internet Protocol
- the measurement packet including time information is periodically exchanged between the upper nodes of the edge node, For example, a transmission delay is calculated from the difference between the reception time of the measurement packet and the time information included in the packet.
- the local network data statistical processing unit 35 includes the throughput and delay of the local network 14 used when the edge node collects sensing information from the sensor, and what amount of priority data is included. The communication status is measured and notified to the priority order / filter type selection processing unit 37.
- the priority order / filter type selection processing unit 37 In the priority order / filter type selection processing unit 37, the communication status (data amount that can be transmitted) notified from the wide area network status estimation processing unit 36 and the local network 14 notified from the local network data statistical processing unit 35. From the three inputs of the communication status (data amount and priority distribution to be transmitted) and post-processing data (abnormal value determination result, etc.) notified from the filtering processing unit 33, the data from which terminal is actually The filtering process (filtering condition) is determined in what form, and the order of transmission is determined. The priority order / filter type selection processing unit 37 notifies the transmission data selection processing unit 38 of the result including the determined filtering condition and transmission order.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a processing flow of the priority order / filter type selection processing unit 37 of the priority control unit 34.
- the operation flow of an example of this determination method is shown in FIG. In FIG. 4, first, in the initial state (40), the event condition is detected (41) from the processed data notified from the filtering processing unit 33, for example, the abnormality determination result (41), and the event status of the local network is determined. (42) Note that the abnormality determination in the filtering processing unit 33 includes, as described in detail above, abnormal value determination based on a difference calculation result from a reference value of sensing information such as a temperature sensor and a microphone, face detection, motion detection, and the like. Software processing such as person detection based on feature extraction.
- the status table describing the data compression method to be referred to is selected from the event status (43).
- the compression rate is calculated from the ratio between the data amount desired to be sent and the data amount that can be sent, and the sending order and the filter type suitable for the compression rate are determined with reference to the selected status table (44).
- the local network data statistical processing unit 35 performs local network state determination (45)
- the wide area network state estimation processing unit 36 performs wide area state determination (46).
- the compression degree corresponding to both network states is selected (47) from the compression degree calculation table described later, and the transmission order and the filter type are designated.
- the filter type includes a compression method by software such as the sampling thinning process in the time direction, the quantization process, the frame thinning process of the camera image information, and the image size changing process.
- the network interconnection device 11 sets a plurality of status tables that define priorities when sending data from each sensor and camera to the network, and is effective according to event conditions such as normal time and when an alarm of a sensor is detected. By switching the table to be used, a priority control method considering the bandwidth limitation is realized.
- FIG. 5A shows an example of an event status condition in this embodiment, that is, a table for each status and its constituent elements.
- reference numerals 51, 52 and 53 denote tables for status A, status B and status C, respectively.
- the status C table 53 shown as an example includes a compression rate, a transmission order, and a filter type corresponding to the degree of compression as table components.
- the degree of compression has a value of 1 or more.
- the compression rate is 1.0, and there is no compression of the transmitted data.
- the sending order is defined to send in the order of ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ .
- the data amount is 259 kbps, and the data amount is set to be reduced to 131 kbps, ----, 8.6 kbps, 4.6 kbps, corresponding to the increase in the compression degree.
- FIG. 5B shows an example of the compression degree calculation table 54 for calculating the compression degree based on the network state and the communication state in this embodiment.
- compression levels 1 to 4 are selected based on the local network state on the vertical axis and the wide area network state on the horizontal axis. Based on the selected / determined compression degree, the corresponding compression degree in each event status table is selected / determined.
- the status table 61 has compression degree, compression rate, transmission order, and filter type as table components, like the table 53 of FIG. 5A, and is illustrated corresponding to the compression degrees 1, 2, and 3, respectively.
- the compression ratio is 1.0, 0.6, 0.4.
- the sending order of the sensors 1 to 3, the monitoring camera 4, and the alarms 1 to 3 is such that the data of the sensor 1 in which an abnormality has occurred is sent first.
- the filter type is selected as appropriate for the sensors 1 to 3 such as no filter, sending only the alarm detection result, etc., and only the feature extraction results such as no thinning, image size change and thinning, and presence / absence of people are sent to the surveillance camera.
- the filter type is selected as appropriate for the sensors 1 to 3 such as no filter, sending only the alarm detection result, etc., and only the feature extraction results such as no thinning, image size change and thinning, and presence / absence of people are sent to the surveillance camera.
- the filter type is selected as appropriate for the sensors 1 to 3 such as no filter, sending only the alarm detection result, etc., and only the feature extraction results such as no thinning, image size change and thinning, and presence / absence of people are sent to the surveillance camera.
- the filter type is selected as appropriate for the sensors 1 to 3 such as no filter, sending only the alarm detection result, etc., and only the feature extraction results such as no thinning, image size change and thinning, and presence / absence of people are sent to
- the status table 62 in FIG. 6B has compression ratios of 1.0, 0.6, and 0.3 corresponding to the compression degrees 1, 2, and 3, respectively, and the sending order is also as shown in the figure. It is determined. Further, the filter type is as shown in the figure.
- the difference from the status table 61 in FIG. 6A is that the sensors 1 and 2, the monitoring camera 5, and the monitoring camera 4 are switched in the sending order and filter type. This is because the sensor data related to the occurrence of abnormality is transmitted with the highest priority. That is, when the event status condition is abnormal, the data of the sensor that detected the abnormality is given the highest priority, followed by the data of the monitoring camera related to the degree of compression corresponding to the traffic situation of the network, or other sensors Data is given priority.
- FIGS. 19A and 19B are shown as modified examples of FIGS. 6A and 6B.
- FIGS. 19A and 19B are more specific examples of FIGS. 6A and 6B.
- the information on the terminal type and the terminal ID is included in the header information of the packet sent from the communication terminal 21.
- Data that is not specified in the sending order section (for example, the image of the monitoring camera 4 in FIG. 19A of this embodiment) is collected up to the network interconnection device 11 but is not sent to the management center 13.
- the filter type section the type of processing to be added by the filtering processing unit 33 is specified for the data specified in the transmission order section.
- data is designated in the order of pre-process data of the sensor 1, pre-process data of the monitoring camera 5, pre-process data of the sensor 2, and pre-process data of the sensor 3.
- the transmission data is specified in the order of the alarm detection result (event status) of the sensor 1, the feature extraction result of the monitoring camera 5, the alarm detection result of the sensor 2, and the alarm detection result of the sensor 3.
- the priority is determined, that is, the priority is determined, and the compression method of sensing data and surveillance camera data is selected in accordance with the transmittable bandwidth, regardless of the traffic state of the network. Data from all communication terminals can always be transmitted.
- FIGS. 8, 9, and 10 correspond to whether the device that gives time or the device that determines the communication status of the network is the network interconnection device 11, the management center 13, or the communication terminal 12. Yes.
- FIG. 8 illustrates an example of the wide area transmission time and the wide area reception time.
- the management center 13 sequentially transmits this time difference information and the like to the network interconnection device 11 as feedback information.
- the network interconnection apparatus 11 that has received this sequential feedback information accumulates feedback information of the time difference between the wide area reception time and the wide area transmission time, and can determine the communication status of the wide area network 10 by statistical processing.
- the statistical processing in the network interconnection device 11 will be described with reference to FIG. This statistical processing can be realized by software processing executed by the CPU 132 using the statistical processing program stored in the program storage memory 133 of FIG. 11 described above.
- This statistical processing program is included in the wide area network state estimation processing unit 37 having the configuration of the network interconnection device 11 shown in FIG.
- the statistical processing program determines the communication status depending on which of the “margin”, “normal”, and “congested” areas set in advance as threshold values the delay amount corresponding to the time difference at which the probability density is 142 at the maximum. As an index for this determination, not only the value when the probability density becomes maximum but also the value when the cumulative probability is larger than the predetermined value n percentage (cumulative probability> n%) may be used. Needless to say, the area division is not limited to the three areas shown in the figure, and can be divided more finely. In any case, such a statistical processing program itself is easily available.
- the management center 13 When the packet data selected from the network interconnection device 11 is transmitted, the management center 13 records the header information of the received packet together with the time information at the time of reception (84), and the time difference information based on this time information. The communication status of the wide area network 10 is determined (91). In the processing flow of FIG. 9, unlike FIG. 8, the management center 13 determines the communication status of the wide area network 10 based on statistical processing, and periodically feeds back the result to the packet transmission source network interconnection device 11. . Needless to say, this periodic feedback information is sent to the wide area network state estimation processing unit 37 of FIG. 3 described above.
- the case of the processing flow shown in FIG. 10 will be described.
- the communication terminal 12 when the communication terminal 12 generates a packet, time information is added to the header (101), and the packet is transmitted.
- the network interconnection device 11 records (102) the header information of the received packet together with the time information at the time of reception.
- the management center 13 records (103) the header information of the packet received from the device 11 together with the time information at the time of reception.
- the recorded time information includes the packet generation time and the local reception time in addition to the wide area transmission time and the wide area reception time.
- the local reception time is time information when the network interconnection device 11 receives a packet via the local network 14.
- the communication status of the network 10 is determined (85).
- the packet generation time and local reception time of a packet transmitted from the network interconnection device 11 to the management center 13 are accumulated in the device 11 and time difference statistics are stored using the accumulated data. Processing can also be performed to determine the communication status of the local network 14.
- the local network data statistical processing unit 35 which is one of the configurations of the network interconnection device 11 shown in FIG. 3 performs this statistical processing.
- FIG. 7 shows a comparison between the conventional method not using the configuration of this embodiment and the method of this embodiment.
- the sensing data 71 to 70 corresponding to the sensors 1 to 3 to be surely sent at a constant interval although the data rate of the temperature sensor or the like having a high priority is low in normal times.
- 73 is guaranteed QoS bandwidth, and can secure a certain amount of data transmission.
- the surveillance camera 4 having a high data rate but a low priority is normally transmitted by the best effort communication as much as possible within the transmission range, the data transmission amount varies.
- the QoS bandwidth guarantee is monopolized by the monitoring camera data 74 and the sensor data 72 and 73 having low priority are sent. Will not be able to. Furthermore, if the QoS guaranteed bandwidth is to be expanded only when an alert occurs, the necessary QoS guaranteed bandwidth cannot always be secured depending on the traffic state of the network at that time.
- the priority is determined, that is, the priority is determined, and the sensing data 71 and the monitoring camera data are combined with the transmittable band 75.
- the compression method of the sensing data 72, 73 is selected, data from all communication terminals can always be transmitted regardless of the traffic state of the network.
- the priority order of data from a plurality of communication terminals is determined according to the status, and the compression method is selected in accordance with the bandwidth that can be transmitted over the network. Therefore, regardless of the traffic state of the network, it is possible to transmit all data from a plurality of communication terminals in the transmission order according to the priority.
- window size information for flow control by TCP is used as a second embodiment of the wide area network state estimation processing unit.
- the window size information is conveyed in accordance with the format of the TCP header.
- This window size information represents the amount of packets that can be received at one time by the receiving side, that is, the free space of the receiving side buffer.
- the window size is small, packet congestion is reduced by reducing the amount sent out on the transmission side, and when the window size is large, control is performed to increase throughput by increasing the amount sent out on the transmission side.
- This window size information does not necessarily match the wide area network situation described in the first embodiment, but can be used as one of the indicators of the wide area network situation, and the network interconnection apparatus shown in FIG. 11 wide area network status estimation processing unit 37 can extract and use window size information in the TCP header.
- FIG. 15 shows an overall configuration diagram of a monitoring system according to the third embodiment that can realize various types of monitoring.
- the difference from the communication system of FIG. 1 is a three-layer model in the communication system of FIG. 15, and sensors 26 and 27, monitoring cameras 28, and further are added to the edge node 29 of the local area network 14.
- a monitoring device or the like is connected, and the edge node 29 performs filtering of sensing data and camera data. That is, it can be configured to partially play a role of the filtering processing unit of the network interconnection device 11 in the first and second embodiments.
- FIG. 16 shows an overall configuration diagram of a remote monitoring system for plant equipment according to the fourth embodiment.
- the surveillance camera 1 (162) and the surveillance camera 2 (168) voice communication terminal 1 (163) are connected to the network 161 in the plant facility.
- the network interconnection device 11 performs filtering of camera images and voice data, and is connected to the voice communication terminal 164 and the monitor monitor 165 in the management center 13 via the wide area network 10.
- the video from the monitoring camera 162 in the plant facility is displayed on the monitoring monitor 165 in the management center.
- the monitor 167 in the management center 13 can grasp the situation in the plant facility by viewing the video of the monitor monitor 165.
- the worker 166 in the plant facility can talk to the supervisor 167 in the management center via the voice communication terminal 163 on the plant facility side and the voice communication terminal 165 on the management center side as necessary. Voice communication can be initiated from either the operator 166 or the monitor 167.
- the worker 166 transmits a voice transmission start request command to the network interconnection device 11 through the voice communication terminal 163.
- the monitor 167 transmits a voice transmission start request command to the network interconnection device 11 through the voice communication terminal 165.
- the processing of the priority order / filter type selection processing unit 37 of the priority control unit 34 is performed as in FIG.
- the event status that is the content of the event detection 41 includes “detection of a voice transmission start request command from the voice communication terminal 163 or 165” or “detection of voice transmission by analyzing a transmission packet”. There are a status when an event related to communication is detected and a status when an event is not detected.
- FIG. 17A and FIG. 17B show an example of a status table used when the sound event is detected.
- the status table 171 has compression degree, compression rate, transmission order, and filter type as table components, like the table 53 of FIG. 5A, and is shown corresponding to the compression degrees 1, 2, and 3, respectively.
- the compression ratio is 1.0, 0.6, 0.4.
- the terminal type 182 and the terminal ID 183 described above with reference to FIG. 18 are specified in order to specify which terminal the data comes from.
- the type of processing to be added by the filtering processing unit 33 is specified for the data specified in the transmission order section.
- the terminal ID is assigned for each terminal type, such as “surveillance cameras” 1 to n and “voice communication terminals” 1 to n.
- the table 171 in FIG. 17A assumes a status table in the case where an event relating to the above-described sound is not detected, and the sending order does not depend on the degree of compression, “monitoring cameras” 1 to n, “voice communication terminals”. Specify in the order of 1 to n.
- “compression” is always designated regardless of the compression type of the filter type.
- the filter type of “monitoring camera” no filtering is specified at the compression level 1, “decimation / reduction / compression” is specified at the compression level 2, and “feature extraction” is specified at the compression level 3 according to the compression level.
- the status table 172 in FIG. 17B is assumed to be a status table when an event related to the above-described sound is detected.
- the difference from the status table 171 in FIG. The point is that the data of the voice communication terminal 1 in which the voice event is detected is preferentially transmitted. Filtering is applied to other transmission data according to the degree of compression selected by the processing flow of FIG.
- the network interconnection device 11 determines the priority between the camera image and the sound by detecting the event related to the above-mentioned sound, and the compression degree corresponding to the state of the network in the plant facility and the wide area network. By selecting, voice communication with high call quality is possible regardless of the traffic state of the network.
- the present invention is useful as a monitoring system using a sensor or a monitoring camera, particularly as a monitoring technique for performing priority control in consideration of bandwidth limitation of a broadband network.
- SYMBOLS 10 ... Wide area network 11 ... Network interconnection apparatus 12 ... Communication terminal 13 ... Management center 14 ... Local network 20 ... Monitoring apparatus 21 ... Sensor 1 22 ... Sensor 2 23 ... Sensor 3 24 ... surveillance camera 4 25. Surveillance camera 5 26, 27 ... Sensor 28 ... Camera 29 ... Edge node 31 ... Local network communication processing unit 32 ... Buffering processing unit 33 ... Filtering processing unit 34 ... Priority control unit 35 ... Local network data statistical processing unit 36 ... Wide area network status estimation Processing unit 37 ... Priority order / filter type selection processing unit 38 ... Transmission data selection processing unit 39 ... Wide area network communication processing units 51, 52, 53 ...
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Abstract
Description
・カメラの動画像等、データレートの高い端末が増えたため、ネットワーク内で生成されるデータの総容量が、ネットワークで伝送可能なトラフィック容量(通常、イーサネット(登録商標)で、100M~10Gbps程度)を超えてしまう。
・総計多重効果により、総トラフィック量の平均値と最大値の差異が大きく、ワースト条件でネットワークを設計するとオーバースペックになる。
・インターネット等公衆網を利用する場合、同一ネットワーク配下で発生するトラフィック量が予想できない。
・特に無線を利用する場合、電波伝搬状況により伝送可能な容量が変動する。
また、送出順序として、センサ1~3、監視カメラ4、アラーム1~3に対して図示の通り、異常が発生したセンサ1のデータが最初に送出されるような順序を有する。更に、フィルタ種別として、センサ1~3に対し、フィルタなし、アラーム検出結果のみ送出等が適宜選択され、監視カメラに対し、間引きなし、画像サイズ変更と間引き、人の有無といった特徴抽出結果のみ送出などが適宜選択される。例えば、圧縮度3においては、異常が発生したセンサ1のアラーム結果、監視カメラ4の特徴抽出結果、その他のセンサ2、センサ3のアラーム検出結果が送出されることとなる。
11…ネットワーク相互接続装置
12…通信端末
13…管理センタ
14…ローカルネットワーク
20…監視装置
21…センサ1
22…センサ2
23…センサ3
24…監視カメラ4
25…監視カメラ5
26、27…センサ
28…カメラ
29…エッジノード
31…ローカルネットワーク通信処理部
32…バッファリング処理部
33…フィルタリング処理部
34…優先度制御部
35…ローカルネットワークデータ統計処理部
36…広域ネットワーク状況推定処理部
37…優先順/フィルタ種別選択処理部
38…送出データ選択処理部
39…広域ネットワーク通信処理部
51、52、53…ステータスA、B、C用テーブル
61、62、171、172…ステータス用テーブル
71、72、73…センシングデータ
74…監視カメラデータ
75…送出可能な帯域
111、121…ローカルネットワーク通信I/F
112、122、132…CPU
113123、133…プログラム格納用メモリ
114、124、134…演算用メモリ
115、135…ハードウェアアクセラレータ
116、126、136…広域ネットワーク通信I/F
117、127、137…内部バス。
161…プラント設備内ネットワーク
162、168…監視カメラ
163、164…音声通信端末
165…監視モニタ
166…作業員
167…監視員
180…ヘッダ情報
181…センシング情報
182…端末種別
183…端末ID
184…時刻情報。
Claims (20)
- 複数の通信端末が接続される第1のネットワークと管理センタが接続される第2のネットワークとを相互接続するネットワーク相互接続装置を用いたモニタリングシステムであって、
前記ネットワーク相互接続装置は、前記複数の通信端末からのイベントステータスに応じた前記管理センタへの送出データの優先順に基づき前記送出データを選択し、前記イベントステータス及び前記第2のネットワークの通信状況に応じた前記送出データのデータ圧縮方法を選択する、
ことを特徴とするモニタリングシステム。 - 請求項1に記載のモニタリングシステムであって、
前記複数の通信端末は、少なくとも1個のセンサと、少なくとも1個のカメラを含む、
ことを特徴とするモニタリングシステム。 - 請求項1に記載のモニタリングシステムであって、
前記ネットワーク相互接続装置は、
処理部と記憶部を備え、
前記記憶部に前記イベントステータスに対応し、前記送出データの送出順序を記憶するテーブルを記憶しており、
前記処理部は、前記イベントステータスに対応する前記テーブルに基づき、前記送出データの送出順序を決定する、
ことを特徴とするモニタリングシステム。 - 請求項1に記載のモニタリングシステムであって、
前記ネットワーク相互接続装置において、
前記第2のネットワークの通信状況は、前記送出データの前記第2のネットワークへの送信時刻と前記送出データの前記管理センタでの受信時刻の時刻差に基づいて決定される、
ことを特徴とするモニタリングシステム。 - 請求項1に記載のモニタリングシステムであって、
前記ネットワーク相互接続装置は、
前記送出データの前記第2のネットワークへの送信時刻と前記送出データの前記管理センタでの受信時刻の時刻差に基づき、前記管理センタが決定した前記第2のネットワークの通信状況を、前記管理センタから周期的にフィードバックされる、
ことを特徴とするモニタリングシステム。 - 第1のネットワークを介して複数の通信端末からのデータを受信し、第2のネットワークを介して管理センタに送信するよう制御する通信制御装置であって、
前記第1のネットワークと前記第2のネットワークとそれぞれ通信を行う通信部と、処理部と、記憶部とを備え、
前記処理部は、
前記通信部を介して前記複数の通信端末からの前記データのフィルタリング処理によりイベントステータスを抽出し、前記第2のネットワークの通信状況を推定し、
前記通信状況に応じて送出すべき前記データの圧縮度を選択し、
前記イベントステータスと前記圧縮度に基づき、送出すべき前記データの優先順と圧縮方法を決定する、
ことを特徴とする通信制御装置。 - 請求項6に記載の通信制御装置であって、
前記複数の通信端末は、少なくとも1個のセンサと、少なくとも1個のカメラを含む、
ことを特徴とする通信制御装置。 - 請求項6に記載の通信制御装置であって、
前記記憶部は、
前記イベントステータスに対応し、送出すべき前記データの送出順序を記憶するテーブルを記憶しており、
前記処理部は、
前記イベントステータスに対応する前記テーブルに基づき、送出すべき前記データの送出順序を決定する、
特徴とする通信制御装置。 - 請求項6に記載の通信制御装置であって、
前記処理部は、
前記第2のネットワークの通信状況を、送出すべき前記データの前記第2のネットワークへの送信時刻と前記データの前記管理センタでの受信時刻の時刻差に基づいて決定する、
ことを特徴とする通信制御装置。 - 請求項6に記載の通信制御装置であって、
前記処理部は、
前記送出データの前記第2のネットワークへの送信時刻と前記送出データの前記管理センタでの受信時刻の時刻差に基づき、前記管理センタが決定した前記第2ネットワークの通信状況を、前記管理センタから周期的にフィードバックされる、
ことを特徴とする通信制御装置。 - 請求項6に記載の通信制御装置であって、
前記処理部は、
前記通信部を介して受信した前記管理センタからの受信データに基づき、前記ネットワークの通信状況を推定する、
ことを特徴とする通信制御装置。 - 通信部と、処理部と、記憶部とを備え、第1のネットワークを介して複数の通信端末からのデータを受信し、第2のネットワークを介して管理センタに送信する通信装置の通信制御方法であって、
前記処理部は、
前記通信部を介して前記複数の通信端末からの前記データに基づきイベントステータスを抽出し、前記ネットワークの通信状況を推定し、
前記通信状況に応じて送出すべき前記データの圧縮度を選択し、
前記イベントステータスと前記圧縮度に基づき、送出すべき前記データの優先順と圧縮方法を決定する、
ことを特徴とする通信制御方法。 - 請求項12に記載の通信制御方法であって、
前記複数の通信端末は、少なくとも1個のセンサと、少なくとも1個のカメラを含む、
ことを特徴とする通信制御方法。 - 請求項12に記載の通信制御方法であって、
前記処理部は、
前記通信部を介して受信した前記管理センタからの受信データに基づき、前記ネットワークの通信状況を推定する、
ことを特徴とする通信制御方法。 - 請求項12に記載の通信制御方法であって、
前記通信状況は、前記第2のネットワークの通信状況である、
ことを特徴とする通信制御方法。 - 請求項15に記載の通信制御方法であって、
前記処理部は、
前記第2のネットワークの通信状況を、送出すべき前記データの前記第2のネットワークへの送信時刻と前記データの前記管理センタでの受信時刻の時刻差に基づいて決定する、
ことを特徴とする通信制御方法。 - 請求項15に記載の通信制御方法であって、
前記処理部は、
前記送出データの前記第2のネットワークへの送信時刻と前記送出データの前記管理センタでの受信時刻の時刻差に基づき、前記管理センタが決定した前記第2のネットワークの通信状況を、周期的に前記管理センタからフィードバックされる、
ことを特徴とする通信制御方法。 - 請求項3に記載のモニタリングシステムであって、
前記複数の通信端末は、少なくとも1個の音声通信端末と、少なくとも1個のカメラを含み、
前記イベントステータスとして、音声通信に関するイベントが検知された際のステータスと、検知されない際のステータスを含む、
ことを特徴とするモニタリングシステム。 - 請求項8に記載の通信制御装置であって、
前記複数の通信端末は、少なくとも1個の音声通信端末と、少なくとも1個のカメラを含み、
前記イベントステータスとして、音声通信に関するイベントが検知された際のステータスと、検知されない際のステータスを含む、
ことを特徴とする通信制御装置。 - 請求項13に記載の通信制御方法であって、
前記イベントステータスとして、音声通信に関するイベントが検知された際のステータスと、検知されない際のステータスを含む、
ことを特徴とする通信制御方法。
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JP2018186391A (ja) * | 2017-04-26 | 2018-11-22 | 日本電信電話株式会社 | 転送装置、転送方法及びプログラム |
JP2019040394A (ja) * | 2017-08-25 | 2019-03-14 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 計算機及び計算機システム |
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JP7192345B2 (ja) | 2018-09-21 | 2022-12-20 | 村田機械株式会社 | 搬送車システム |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JP5406362B2 (ja) | 2014-02-05 |
JPWO2011102317A1 (ja) | 2013-06-17 |
US8879577B2 (en) | 2014-11-04 |
US20120320928A1 (en) | 2012-12-20 |
CN102763386B (zh) | 2015-06-03 |
CN102763386A (zh) | 2012-10-31 |
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