WO2011075924A1 - 一种以石料为主的复合材料的注射成型方法及注射成型设备 - Google Patents

一种以石料为主的复合材料的注射成型方法及注射成型设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011075924A1
WO2011075924A1 PCT/CN2010/000123 CN2010000123W WO2011075924A1 WO 2011075924 A1 WO2011075924 A1 WO 2011075924A1 CN 2010000123 W CN2010000123 W CN 2010000123W WO 2011075924 A1 WO2011075924 A1 WO 2011075924A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
injection
stone
cylinder
sealing
barrel
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2010/000123
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张剑鸣
章建波
张旭明
张洪波
Original Assignee
宁波海天北化科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 宁波海天北化科技有限公司 filed Critical 宁波海天北化科技有限公司
Priority to JP2011546572A priority Critical patent/JP5189682B2/ja
Priority to KR1020107006796A priority patent/KR101145117B1/ko
Priority to AU2010201884A priority patent/AU2010201884B2/en
Priority to CA2704394A priority patent/CA2704394C/en
Priority to EP10711128.8A priority patent/EP2505329A4/en
Publication of WO2011075924A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011075924A1/zh

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28BSHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B1/00Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
    • B28B1/24Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by injection moulding
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C67/00Shaping techniques not covered by groups B29C39/00 - B29C65/00, B29C70/00 or B29C73/00
    • B29C67/24Shaping techniques not covered by groups B29C39/00 - B29C65/00, B29C70/00 or B29C73/00 characterised by the choice of material
    • B29C67/242Moulding mineral aggregates bonded with resin, e.g. resin concrete
    • B29C67/243Moulding mineral aggregates bonded with resin, e.g. resin concrete for making articles of definite length
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/17Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C45/46Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it into the mould
    • B29C45/53Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it into the mould using injection ram or piston
    • B29C45/54Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it into the mould using injection ram or piston and plasticising screw

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an injection molding method and apparatus, and more particularly to an injection molding method for a stone-based composite material. Background technique
  • plastics are petrochemical products and are obtained from non-renewable petroleum resources. Plastic products have been widely used in various fields of the national economy such as automobiles, home appliances, and daily necessities. Plastic products have become an indispensable product of society.
  • these stones are also used sporadically. They are used as raw materials for sanitary ware to produce sanitary ware.
  • the more mature molding methods mainly process the finished products by casting vibration method, such as casting vibration method to produce the basin.
  • the process flow mixing ⁇ casting ⁇ vibration ⁇ curing ⁇
  • Post-processing ⁇ surface treatment. Mixing is to mix various additives in different proportions to make them uniform. Casting is the casting of the mixed material into a mold and then shaking to make the material dense in the mold. The curing is carried out by placing the cast mold for 30 minutes to 60 minutes after the raw material is coagulated. Post-processing is the process of trimming the product by opening the mold. Finally, the surface treatment sprays a coating process on the outer surface of the article.
  • the above method for producing products by using stone has complicated production process, low yield of products, low production efficiency and high production cost, and is difficult to mass-produce.
  • the utilization of stone materials is very limited, and the existing stone materials cannot be consumed at all. , can not replace plastic products on a large scale.
  • the above-mentioned products produced by the method of producing articles by stone have poor quality and are unstable and cannot be applied. To products that require high quality, they can only be used in low-grade products and products and occasions where product quality is not high, such as sanitary ware.
  • the above method of producing articles from stone is difficult to produce complex structures and special surface treated products due to the limitations of compacting methods and molds, not to mention the production of precision parts such as automobile parts, electrical parts or parts.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an injection molding method of a stone-based composite material in view of the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, so that it can produce a product at low cost and high efficiency, and the quality of the product is stable and reliable.
  • the present invention also provides an injection molding apparatus for a stone-based composite material, which enables the above-described injection molding method to be fully realized, and solves the problems existing in the existing stone-based composite material molding method.
  • the invention relates to an injection molding method for stone-based composite materials, which comprises the following steps: a. Putting the raw materials used into a feeding device, and then pushing the raw materials into the pre-plasticizing device through the pressing members in the feeding device. Pre-molded inside the barrel;
  • the pre-molding barrel maintains a temperature of 15 ⁇ 55 ° C, and the raw material is compacted and conveyed into the injection barrel of the sealing device with the rotation of the pre-plastic screw;
  • the injection device injects the raw material in the injection barrel into the mold through the mold gate under the condition of the injection material force of 50 ⁇ 180Mpa;
  • the dwell time can be selected according to the actual situation.
  • the pressing member is a pressing head, so that the operation is convenient and controllable, and the pressing area is large and the efficiency is high.
  • the raw materials used in the present invention are: a stone material as a main raw material and then an unsaturated polyester, a glass fiber, and various additives are thoroughly mixed.
  • the present invention also provides an injection molding apparatus.
  • An injection molding apparatus for a stone-based composite material comprising a pre-plasticizing device, a sealing device and an injection device;
  • the sealing device comprises a collecting block and a sealing rod, one side of the collecting block is provided with a first passage and a second passage communicating with each other, the first passage is connected with the pre-plastic device, the second passage and the injection device Connecting, the sealing rod is placed at a communication between the first passage and the second passage;
  • the guiding block is further provided with a guiding sleeve, and the sealing rod passes through the hole in the middle of the guiding sleeve, and enters the communication between the first passage and the second passage of the collecting block;
  • the injection device is in contact with a mold gate.
  • the injection mechanism further comprises a feeding device fixedly connected to the pre-molding device.
  • the feeding device comprises a pressing material driving device, a feeding inclined bucket, a storage cylinder and a pressing material head which are arranged one above the other, and is driven by the pressing material driving device, and is pressed
  • the material head is sealed in the storage cylinder to press the raw material into the pre-plasticizing device.
  • the charging device further comprises a feeding device bottom plate connected to the pre-plasticizing device.
  • the feeding device comprises a storage cylinder, and a feeding bottom plate and a feeding device bottom plate are respectively disposed at two ends thereof;
  • a feeding slide plate is arranged above the feeding bottom plate, and the feeding bottom plate and the feeding sliding plate are relatively movable;
  • Guide rails are arranged on both sides of the feeding bottom plate to guide the feeding slide plate;
  • a pusher cylinder is disposed outside the guide rail, and the feed slide is translated by the pull block.
  • the press cylinder is provided with a connecting pressure piston connected to the pressure piston rod; the bottom end of the pressure piston rod is connected with a pressure head through a flange, and another material is arranged above the large hole of the feeding slide cylinder.
  • the above-mentioned injection molding equipment for stone-based composite materials wherein the pressing material driving device is a pressing material cylinder, the pressing material piston of the pressing material cylinder is connected with the upper end of the pressing material piston rod, and the pressing end of the pressing material piston rod is connected with the pressing material head The pressure head is sealed and moved when the material is pressed in the storage cylinder.
  • the pre-plasticizing device comprises a pre-plastic driving device, a pre-molded barrel and a pre-plastic screw;
  • the pre-plasticized screw is placed in a pre-plasticized barrel and driven by a pre-plastic drive device;
  • the front end of the pre-molded barrel is provided with a pre-plastic barrel.
  • the above-mentioned stone-based composite injection molding apparatus further comprises a pre-molded support, the pre-molded barrel being mounted on one side of the pre-formed support, and the feeding device The feeding device bottom plate is connected.
  • the sealing device further comprises a sealing cylinder front cover, a sealing oil cylinder and a sealing cylinder rear cover disposed above the collecting block;
  • the sealing oil cylinder is provided with a sealing piston and a sealing piston rod, and the sealing piston rod is connected with the sealing rod.
  • the above-mentioned stone-based composite injection molding apparatus wherein the collecting block is further provided with an adjusting bolt, and the adjusting bolt passes through the sealing cylinder rear cover to enter the sealing piston of the sealing cylinder body.
  • the above-described injection molding apparatus for a stone-based composite material in which a lower portion of the current collecting block is fixed by a current collecting block support frame.
  • the injection device comprises an injection barrel, an injection seat, an injection rod and an injection driving device;
  • the injection rod is placed in the injection barrel and driven by the injection drive device;
  • the injection barrel is installed in the second passage of the collecting block, the injection barrel and the injection driving device are mounted on the injection seat, and the front barrel and the small nozzle are mounted on the other side of the collecting block, the small nozzle and the mold
  • the gates are in contact.
  • injection molding equipment for stone-based composite materials wherein the injection mechanism further comprises a complete shifting device;
  • the sizing device comprises a guide rod assembly disposed on the frame;
  • the guide rod assembly includes a guide rod support and a stage guide rod;
  • the guide rod support is fixed on the frame
  • the shooting platform guide rod is fixed on the guide rod support.
  • the rectification device further comprises a template and a slewing drive assembly fixedly connected to the stencil;
  • the swaying drive assembly comprises a screed cylinder, a splicing joint and a screed piston rod;
  • the screed cylinder is fixed on the injection seat
  • the screed piston rod is fixed to the stencil by a screed joint.
  • An injection molding device for a stone-based composite material which comprises a pre-plasticizing device, a sealing device and an injection device;
  • the pre-plasticizing device comprises a shooting table front plate, a shooting table rear plate, a screw rotating mechanism and a screw moving mechanism; the screw rotating mechanism is fixed on the shooting table rear plate, and is connected with the injection device, and the screw moving mechanism is disposed on the shooting table front plate.
  • the sealing device comprises a thrust ring and a check ring, the check ring is arranged at the outlet end of the injection device, and the thrust ring is in contact with the check ring, and the two functions as a sealing material;
  • the injection device comprises a barrel, a transition nozzle, a small nozzle, a screw and a screw head.
  • the barrel is mounted on the front plate of the shooting table, and a screw is arranged inside the screw.
  • the top of the screw is provided with a screw head, and the end of the barrel is provided with
  • the transition nozzle has a small nozzle at the end of the transition nozzle.
  • the method for producing a product of the invention has a simple production process and a high qualified rate of the produced product, so that the production efficiency is high and the production cost is low, and mass production can be carried out to produce a large number of products.
  • the method for producing an article of the invention produces a product of good quality and stability, can be applied to products requiring high quality, can produce complex structures and special surface treatment products, and can completely replace existing automobile parts, electrical parts or parts. Precision parts.
  • the product prepared by the molding process has the advantages of good mechanical strength, flame retardancy, heat resistance, corrosion resistance, good electrical performance and low cost, and has wide application range, and is suitable for a lamp reflector, an electric heating box, Automotive igniters, hoods and other automotive industries; can also be applied to high-voltage devices, relay bases, coil bobbins, knife switch tables, fuse boxes and other electrical components, as well as for microwave oven utensils, electric iron shells, etc., sanitary ware products such as toilets, Daily necessities such as basins, bathtubs, etc. Replacing most thermoset plastics and thermoplastics, reducing the use of plastic products and providing strong support and protection for creating resource-conserving, environmentally friendly industries.
  • the product produced by the present invention can reduce the amount of plastic products used, it can reduce the amount of petroleum used, thereby contributing to the saving of petroleum resources.
  • the application of the invention can turn waste stone into waste, which will inevitably generate huge economic and social benefits.
  • Fig. 1 is a view showing the overall outline structure of a filling system of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the overall shape of the shot filling system of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is an assembled view of the charging device of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the charging device of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is an assembled view of another charging device of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of another charging device of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is an assembled view of the preforming apparatus of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of the preforming apparatus of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is an assembled view of the sealing device of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view of the sealing device of the present invention.
  • Figure 11 is an assembled view of the injection device of the present invention.
  • Figure 12 is a cross-sectional view of the injection device of the present invention.
  • Figure 13 is an assembled view of the mechanism for combining preforming and injection of the present invention.
  • Figure 14 is a cross-sectional view of the other direction of Figure 13 .
  • Figure 15 is an assembled view of the sizing device of the present invention.
  • Figure 16 is an assembled view of the cleaning device of the present invention. The best way to implement the invention
  • Example 1 Injection molding of lamp reflectors using stone-based composite materials
  • the prepared raw materials are placed in the storage cylinder of the injection molding equipment, and the pressing material is used to drive the pressing material to press the raw materials into the preforming cylinder.
  • the pre-molding barrel is set at a temperature of 25 ° C, and the raw material is forwarded to the injection barrel by the rotation of the pre-molded screw.
  • the pre-plastic screw is rotated and retracted, and the injection device is injected at a pressure of 68-80 MPa.
  • the injection was carried out at a speed of 15 to 25 mm/s, and the raw material was injected into the mold through a mold gate, and the pressure was maintained for 3 seconds.
  • the mold temperature was 160 ° C, and the material was cured in the mold for 65 seconds. Finally, the mold is taken out to remove the product.
  • Example 2 Injection molding of an iron base using a stone-based composite material
  • the prepared raw materials are placed in the storage cylinder of the injection molding equipment, and the pressing material is used to drive the pressing material to press the raw materials into the preforming cylinder.
  • the pre-molding barrel is set at a temperature of 17 ° C, and the raw material is forwarded to the injection barrel by the rotation of the pre-plastic screw.
  • the pre-plastic screw is rotated and retracted, and the injection device is injected at a pressure of 42-52 MPa.
  • the injection was carried out at a speed of 55 to 70 mm/s, and the raw material was injected into the mold through a mold gate, and the pressure was maintained for 2 seconds.
  • the mold temperature was 180 ° C, and the material was solidified in the mold for 35 seconds. Finally, the mold is taken out to remove the product.
  • the above products were tested to have a flexural strength of 132 MPa, a tensile strength of 31 MPa, and an impact strength of 32 KJ/M2.
  • Example 3 Injection molding of a car cigarette lighter base using a stone-based composite material, the raw material is placed in a storage cylinder of an injection molding device, and the pressure material is used to press the material into the pre-molding machine. Inside the tube. The pre-molding barrel is set to a temperature of 25 ° C, and the raw material is forwarded to the injection barrel by the rotation of the pre-plastic screw. The pre-plastic screw is rotated and retracted, and the injection device is injected at a pressure of 52-63 MPa. The injection was carried out at a speed of 8 to 15 mm/s, and the raw material was injected into the mold through a mold gate. There was no holding time, the mold temperature was 175 ° C, and the material was solidified in the mold for 147 seconds. Finally open the molded product.
  • the above products were tested to have a flexural strength of 129 MPa, a tensile strength of 28 MPa, and an impact strength of 27 KJ/M2.
  • Example 4 Injection molding of electrical connectors using composite materials based on stone
  • the prepared raw material is placed in the storage barrel of the injection molding device, and the pressing material is driven by the pressing material piston to press the raw material into the preforming barrel.
  • the pre-molded barrel is set at a temperature of 20 ° C, and then rotated by a pre-molded screw
  • the raw material is conveyed forward to the injection barrel, and the pre-plasticized screw is retracted while rotating.
  • the injection device is injected under the condition that the injection pressure is 26-32 MPa, the injection speed is 8-10 mm/s, and the raw material is injected into the mold through the mold gate. Inside, holding pressure for 7 seconds, mold temperature is 168 ° C, and curing in the mold for 60 seconds. Finally, the mold is taken out to remove the product.
  • Example 5 Injection molding of a kettle base using a stone-based composite material
  • the prepared raw materials are placed in the storage cylinder of the injection molding equipment, and the pressing material is used to drive the pressing material to press the raw materials into the preforming cylinder.
  • the pre-molding barrel is set at a temperature of 25 ° C, and the raw material is forwarded to the injection barrel by the rotation of the pre-plastic screw.
  • the pre-plastic screw is rotated and retracted, and the injection device is injected at a pressure of 40-50 MPa.
  • the injection was carried out at a speed of 18 to 25 mm/s, and the raw material was injected into the mold through a mold gate, and the pressure was maintained for 1 second.
  • the mold temperature was 150 ° C, and the material was solidified in the mold for 45 seconds. Finally, the mold is taken out to remove the product.
  • the above products were tested to have a flexural strength of 132 MPa, a tensile strength of 30 MPa, and an impact strength of 31 KJ/M2.
  • the present invention uniquely injects a stone-based composite material into a method of forming a stone-based product, and the method adopted is completely feasible, and the object of the present invention is attained.
  • the present invention only exemplifies the above-mentioned typical product injection molding method, and can further expand and change the production conditions and the produced products under the same molding mechanism, and these can be changed by these methods, and still belong to the present invention.
  • the present invention also provides a production apparatus designed in accordance with the above injection molding method.
  • the injection molding equipment of the stone-based composite material as shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, comprises a feeding device 2, a pre-plasticizing device 3, a sealing device 4, an injection device 5, a finishing device 6, and a cleaning device 7.
  • the storage cylinder 301 in the charging device 2 is used for holding a stone-based composite material 300.
  • the storage cylinder 301 has a storage cylinder liner 302 outside, and the storage cylinder 301 is The spiral groove between the cartridge bushings 302 can pass a temperature control fluid to control the temperature.
  • Below the storage cylinder 301 is a feeding device bottom plate 303.
  • Above the storage cylinder 301 is a feeding inclined bottom plate 304, and a feeding inclined bottom plate 304 is fixed on the feeding inclined bottom plate 304.
  • the loading device bottom plate 303, the feed ramp bottom plate 304, and the feed cylinder bottom plate 306 are connected in series by a tie rod 315.
  • the press cylinder 309 has a press piston 311 and a press piston rod 312 therein. Below the binder piston rod 312 is connected to the binder head 314 via a binder connection flange 313.
  • the press cylinder front cover 308 and the press cylinder rear cover 310 respectively have through holes for allowing oil to enter and exit the press cylinder 309.
  • the pressurizing piston 311 is raised, and the oil in the upper portion of the press cylinder 309 is discharged through the press cylinder rear cover 310.
  • the rise of the binder piston 311 causes the binder piston rod 312, the binder connection flange 313, the binder head 314, and the like to rise, and finally causes the binder head 314 to exit the cartridge 301.
  • the stone-based composite material 300 can be placed in the storage cylinder 301 through the feeding inclined bucket 305.
  • the press piston 311 When the oil passes through the press cylinder rear cover 310 into the upper portion of the press cylinder 309, the press piston 311 is lowered, and the oil in the lower portion of the press cylinder 309 is discharged through the press cylinder front cover 308.
  • the lowering of the binder piston 311 causes the binder piston rod 312 to press the connection flange 31.
  • the binder head 314 and the like both descend and finally the binder head 314 enters the cartridge 301.
  • the binder head 314 will squeeze the stone-based composite material 300 in the storage cylinder 301 to allow the stone-based composite material 300 to enter the pre-plasticizing device 3 below the charging device 2.
  • the sealing ring 316 At the outer edge of the binder connection flange 313, there is a sealing ring 316.
  • the sealing ring 316 closely matches the storage cylinder 301 to prevent The stone-based composite material 300 passes over the outer edge of the seal ring 316.
  • the feeding inclined bucket 305 there is a feeding inclined bucket cover 319, and the feeding inclined bucket cover 319 can be turned up and down to play the role of safety and dustproof.
  • the pressurizing piston 311 is used to drive the pressing head 314 to move, and the motor or other means can be used to drive the pressing head 314 to move, which is also within the protection scope of the present invention.
  • the charging device 2 has another structure.
  • the storage drum 301 in the charging device 2 is used to hold a stone-based composite material 300.
  • a feeding device bottom plate 303 below which is a feeding bottom plate 501, and a feeding plate 502 is placed above the feeding bottom plate 501.
  • the feed base plate 501 and the feed slide 502 are relatively movable.
  • Guide rails 503 are provided on both sides of the feed bottom plate 501 to guide the feed slide 502.
  • the press cylinder 309 has a press piston 311 and a press piston rod 312 therein.
  • Below the binder piston rod 312 It is connected to the binder head 314 by a press connection flange 313.
  • a preparation cylinder 506 Above the other large hole of the loading slide 502 is a preparation cylinder 506.
  • the press cylinder front cover 308 and the press cylinder rear cover 310 respectively have through holes for allowing oil to enter and exit the press cylinder 309.
  • the pressurizing piston 311 is raised, and the oil in the upper portion of the press cylinder 309 is discharged through the press cylinder rear cover 310.
  • the rise of the binder piston 311 causes the binder piston rod 312, the binder connection flange 313, the binder head 314, and the like to rise, and finally causes the binder head 314 to exit the cartridge 301.
  • a stone-based composite material 300 may be pre-placed in the preparation cylinder 506.
  • the feed slide 502 is pulled by the push cylinder 504 to move the stock cartridge 506 above the storage drum 301, at which time the stone-based composite material 300 in the stock preparation cylinder 506 falls into the storage drum 301.
  • the feed slide 502 is then pulled through the push cylinder 504 to move the press head 314 above the storage drum 301.
  • the press piston 311 is lowered, and the oil in the lower portion of the press cylinder 309 is discharged through the cylinder front cover 308.
  • the lowering of the binder piston 311 causes the binder piston rod 312, the binder connection flange 313, the binder head 314, and the like to descend, and finally the binder head 314 enters the cartridge 301.
  • the binder head 314 squeezes the stone-based composite material 300 in the cartridge 301 to cause the stone-based composite material 300 to enter the pre-plasticizing device 3 below the charging device 2.
  • the outer edge of the binder connection flange 313 has a sealing ring 316.
  • the sealing ring 316 closely matches the storage cylinder 301 to prevent The stone-based composite material 300 passes over the outer edge of the seal ring 316.
  • the pre-formed support 701 in the pre-molding device 3 is directly below the charging device 2.
  • the pre-molded seat 702 is mounted on a pre-formed support 701 having a coupling 703, a bearing 704, a bearing 705, a bearing 706, and an oil seal cover 707 therein.
  • the oil motor 708 is mounted on the preform 702 and the shaft of the oil motor 708 is coupled to the coupling 703.
  • the pre-molded barrel 709 is mounted on the other side of the pre-formed support 701.
  • the pre-molded barrel 709 has a pre-molded barrel liner 710, a spiral groove between the pre-molded barrel 709 and the pre-molded barrel liner 710. Temperature control solution can be used to control the temperature.
  • the pre-molded barrel 709 has a pre-molded front barrel 711 at the front end, and a pre-molded barrel 712 inside the pre-molded barrel 709.
  • the pre-molding screw 712 is coupled to the coupling 703.
  • the oil motor 708 is rotated by the pressure oil, and the oil motor 708 drives the pre-plastic screw 712 to rotate by the coupling 703.
  • the stone-based composite material 300 is fed by the feeding device 2 through the pre-molded support 701 Pressed into the feed port of the preformed barrel 709.
  • the stone-based composite material 300 entering the feed port of the preform cylinder 709 will advance along the pre-plastic barrel 709 due to the rotation of the pre-plastic screw 712, and enters the seal through the pre-plastic barrel 711.
  • the material device 4 is rotated by the pressure oil, and the oil motor 708 drives the pre-plastic screw 712 to rotate by the coupling 703.
  • the oil motor 708 is used to pre-mold the screw 712, and the screw 712 may be pre-molded by a motor or the like, which is also within the scope of the present invention.
  • the current collecting block 901 in the sealing device 4 shown in Figs. 9 and 10 is connected to the pre-plasticizing barrel 711 in the pre-plasticizing device 3.
  • Above the current collecting block 901 are respectively a pillar 902, a sealing cylinder front cover 903, a sealing cylinder 904, and a sealing cylinder rear cover 905.
  • the sealing cylinder 904 has a sealing piston 906 and a sealing piston rod 907.
  • the sealing piston rod 907 is connected to the sealing rod 909 via a Hough 908.
  • a guiding sleeve 910 is also mounted on the collecting block 901, and the sealing rod 909 passes through the hole in the middle of the guiding sleeve 910 to enter the inside of the collecting block 901, so that the sealing rod 909 can be better guided.
  • the sealing cylinder front cover 903 and the sealing cylinder rear cover 905 respectively have through holes (not shown) for allowing oil to enter and exit the sealing cylinder 904 when the oil passes through the sealing cylinder front cover 903 and enters the lower portion of the sealing cylinder 904.
  • the sealing piston 906 is raised and the oil of the upper portion of the sealing cylinder 904 is allowed to flow out through the sealing cylinder rear cover 905.
  • the rise of the sealing piston 906 causes the Huff 908, the sealing rod 909, and the like to rise, and finally the sealing rod 909 no longer blocks the lower discharge hole of the collecting block 901.
  • the stone-based composite material 300 of the pre-plasticizing device 3 can enter the lower part of the collecting block 901.
  • the lower discharging hole of the collecting block 901 is opened, so that the stone material is mainly used.
  • the composite material 300 enters the lower hole of the current collecting block 901.
  • the sealing piston 906 When the oil passes through the sealing cylinder rear cover 905 into the upper portion of the sealing cylinder 904, the sealing piston 906 is lowered, and the oil in the lower portion of the sealing cylinder 904 is caused to flow out through the sealing cylinder front cover 903.
  • the lowering of the sealing piston 906 causes the Huff 908, the sealing rod 909, and the like to descend, and finally the sealing rod 909 blocks the lower discharge hole of the collecting block 901.
  • the stone-based composite material 300 of the pre-plasticizing device 3 cannot enter the lower hole of the collecting block 901, and the stone-based composite material 300 in the lower hole of the collecting block 901 cannot be reversed.
  • the stone-based composite material 300 in the lower hole of the header block 901 can be prevented from flowing back to the pre-plasticizing device 3.
  • a seal ring 911 and a seal gland 912 are also mounted over the guide sleeve 910, and the seal ring 911 is tightly fitted with the seal rod 909 to prevent the stone-based composite material 300 from crossing the outer edge of the seal ring 911.
  • An adjusting bolt 913 is mounted on the sealing cylinder rear cover 905, and the adjusting bolt 913 passes through the sealing cylinder rear cover After 905, it enters the upper portion of the sealing cylinder 906 of the sealing cylinder 904, and the adjusting bolt 913 can limit the highest position at which the sealing piston 906 rises.
  • the distance of the opening of the flow block 901 adjusts the size of the flow channel opening.
  • the injection device 5 is below the sealing device 4.
  • An injection barrel 1101 is mounted on the current collecting block 901, and an injection barrel bushing 1102 is disposed outside the injection barrel 1101.
  • the spiral groove between the injection barrel 1101 and the injection barrel bushing 1102 can pass a temperature control liquid to control the temperature.
  • the injection barrel 1101 is mounted on the injection base 1104 using a nut 1103.
  • An injection cylinder front cover 1105, an injection cylinder 1106, and a injection cylinder rear cover 1107 are also mounted on the injection base 1104.
  • the injection cylinder 1106 has an injection piston 1108 and an injection piston rod 1109.
  • the injection piston rod 1109 is connected to the injection rod 1111 via the Hough 1110.
  • the other side of the header block 901 is provided with a front barrel 1112, a transition nozzle 1113, a transition nozzle liner 1114, and a small nozzle 1115.
  • the spiral groove between the transition nozzle 1113 and the transition nozzle bushing 1114 can be temperature controlled to control the temperature.
  • the outlet of the small nozzle 1115 is sealed by a mold (not shown).
  • the stone-based composite material 300 in the pre-plasticizing device 3 enters the lower hole of the collecting block 901, and pushes the injection rod 1111 to the right.
  • the injection rod 1111 will drive the Hough 1110 and the injection piston 1108 to the right.
  • the left side of the injection cylinder 1106 and the injection cylinder rear cover 1107 have through holes, respectively, so that the oil can enter and exit the injection cylinder 1106.
  • the injection piston 1108 is moved to the right, the oil on the right side of the injection cylinder 1106 will flow out through the injection cylinder rear cover 1107, and the left side will have oil flowing through the hole of the injection cylinder 1106.
  • the injection piston 1108 When injecting, when the oil enters the right side of the injection cylinder 1106 through the injection cylinder back cover 1107, the injection piston 1108 is moved to the left, and the oil on the left side of the injection cylinder 1106 flows out through the injection cylinder front cover 1105.
  • the left shift of the injection piston 1108 drives the Hough 1110, the injection rod 1111, and the like to the left, and finally the injection rod 1111 pushes the stone-based composite material 300 in the injection barrel 1101.
  • the stone-based composite material 300 will finally enter the mold (not shown) through the front barrel 1112, the transition nozzle 1113, and the small nozzle 1115 under the thrust of the injection rod 1111.
  • the injection rod 1111 is used to move the injection rod 1111, and the injection rod 1111 can also be moved by a motor or other means, which is also within the scope of the present invention.
  • a barrel 1302, a transition nozzle 1304, and a transition nozzle 1304 are mounted on the front stage plate 1301. Small nozzle 1305.
  • the front end of the screw 1306 inside the barrel 1302 has a thrust ring 1307, a check ring 1308, and a screw head 1309.
  • the other end of the screw 1306 is connected to the oil motor 1311 via a coupling 1310.
  • the oil motor is mounted on the rear stage plate 1312.
  • the front plate 1301 of the shooting table has a cylinder 1313, and the piston rod 1314 is connected to the rear plate 1312.
  • the oil motor 1311 rotates the screw 1306 through the coupling 1310, so that the stone-based composite material 300 enters the front end of the barrel 1302 along the groove on the screw 1306.
  • the oil pushes the piston rod 1314, and the screw 1306 is moved by the rear stage plate 1312 and the coupling 1310, so that the stone-based composite material 300 passes through the transition nozzle 1304 small nozzle 1305, and finally enters the mold (in the figure) Not shown).
  • the check ring 1308 acts as a sealant upon injection.
  • the shifting device 6 includes a full-moving cylinder 1501, a full-moving joint 1502, a guide rod holder 1503, a shot guide rod 1504, and a piston rod 1505.
  • the adjusting piston rod 1505 is fixed on the template 1506 by the adjusting joint 1502.
  • the guiding rod support 1503 is fixed on the frame (not shown), and the shooting table guide 1504 is fixed on the guiding rod support 1503 to move the cylinder 1501.
  • Fixed to the injection seat 1104 The injection seat 1104 and the stage guide 1504 can move relative to the movement of the piston rod 1505 and the relative movement cylinder 1501 can move relative to each other.
  • the oil-driven traverse cylinder 1501 moves relative to the aligning piston rod 1505, the injection base 1104 moves over the gantry guide 1504.
  • a cleaning device 7 is attached to a frame (not shown), and the cleaning device 7 is a header support frame 1601.
  • the filling system is moved using the sizing device 6 so that the current collecting block 901 reaches above the sump support frame 1601.
  • the current collecting block 901 is fixed to the current collecting block support frame 1601 and the screw between the current collecting block 901 and the pre-molding barrel 711 is removed, and the screw between the current collecting block 901 and the injection barrel 1101 is removed. At this time, by using the entire shifting device 6, the injection mechanism can be separated, and the residual stone-based composite material 300 in the injection barrel 1101 and the pre-molded barrel 709 can be easily cleaned.

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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Description

一种以石料为主的复合材料的注射成型方法及注射成型设备 技术领域
本发明涉及一种注射成型方法及设备, 特别涉及一种对以石料为主的复 合材料的注射成型方法。 背景技术
众所周知, 塑料是石油化工产物, 是由不可再生的石油资源获得的, 塑 料制品已经广泛应用于汽车、 家电、 日用品等国民经济的各个领域, 塑料制 品已成了社会必不可少的产品。
但是, 石油在提供大量的有机原料和能源的同时也带来了环境的恶化, 温室气体效应和白色污染, 是以破坏环境为代价的不可持续的发展道路, 并 且, 石油资源的贮量有限, 因此急需摆脱对石油的严重依赖。
与此同时, 在自然界中还存在大量的石料, 尤其是在开发各种矿产资源 时伴生了许多不能作为目标产品的石料, 这些石料需要预先挖掘和处理, 耗 费大量的人力物力, 但挖掘后这些石料不但不能利用, 只能当作废物, 而且 还会影响环境。
目前这些石料也有零星的使用, 其作为洁具的原料生产洁具, 目前较成 熟的成型方法主要通过浇铸震动法进行成品加工, 如浇铸震动法生产面盆, 其工艺流程: 混料→浇铸→震动→固化→后序加工→表面处理。 混料是把各 种添加剂按不同比例混合, 使之均匀一致。 浇铸是把混合后的料浇铸到模具 中然后震动使料在模具中密实。 固化是把浇铸后的模具放之 30分至 60分钟 后原料凝结成形。 后序加工是把模具打开进行制品的修边过程。 最后表面处 理在制品外表面喷上一种涂层过程。
上述用石料生产制品的方法, 生产过程复杂, 生产出的制品合格率低、 生产效率极低而生产成本高, 并且难于批量生产, 其对石料的利用量十分有 限, 根本不能消耗现有的石料, 也不能大规模代替塑料制品。
上述用石料生产制品的方法生产出的制品的质量差且不稳定, 无法应用 到需要高质量的制品上, 只能用于低级产品, 对产品质量要求不高的制品和 场合, 如洁具等。 . 上述用石料生产制品的方法由于受压实方法和模具的限制, 难于生产复 杂结构及特殊表面处理的制品, 更不用说生产汽车部件、 电气部件或零件等 精密部件。
利用石料生产产品, 一直以来人们觉得只有用这种浇铸震动法才能得到 该类产品, 因此一直处于停滞阶段, 没有进展, 由此开发一种全新的石料成 型工艺代替塑料具有十分重要的现实意义, 又有巨大的经济价值。 发明的公开 ,
本发明所要解决的技术问题是针对现有技术的上述不足而提供一种以石 料为主的复合材料的注射成型方法, 使其能够低成本、 高效生产制品, 而且 制品的质量稳定可靠。
本发明还提供了一种以石料为主的复合材料的注射成型设备, 使其能完 全实现上述注射成型方法, 解决了现有以石料为主的复合材料成型方法所存 在的问题。
本发明专利解决上述技术问题所采用的技术方案为:
一种以石料为主的复合材料的注射成型方法, 其特点是, 包含以下步骤: a.将所用原料放入加料装置内,再通过加料装置内的压料部件把原料推入 预塑装置的预塑机筒内;
b.预塑机筒保持温度为 15~55°C, 随着预塑螺杆的旋转把原料压实输送到 封料装置的注射机筒内;
c.注射装置在注射料力 50~180Mpa条件下, 将注射机筒内的原料通过模具 浇口注射进入模具;
d.保持模具温度 140〜200°C , 固化时间 40秒~300秒;
e.开模取出制品。
上述注射成型方法中, 还可根据实际情况而选择保压时间。
上述注射成型方法中, 最好压料部件为压料头, 这样既操作方便可控又 压料面积大、 效率高。
经过大量的研究, 针对原料的重大改变, 本申请人发现, 通过对注塑成 型方法的研究和改变, 可以生产出符合条件的制品。
本发明中采用的原料为: 以石料为主要原材料然后加入不饱和聚酯、 玻 璃纤维以及各种添加剂经充分混合而成。
为更好地实施上述方法, 本发明还提供了一种注塑成型设备。
一种以石料为主的复合材料的注射成型设备, 其包含预塑装置、 封料装 置和注射装置;
所述的封料装置包含集流块和封料杆, 集流块的一侧设置有相互连通的 第一通道和第二通道, 第一通道与预塑装置相连接, 第二通道与注射装置连 接, 封料杆置于第一通道与第二通道的连通处;
所述的集流块上还安装了导向套, 封料杆穿过导向套中间的孔, 进入到 集流块第一通道与第二通道的连通处;
所述的注射装置与模具浇口相接触。
上述的以石料为主的复合材料的注射成型设备, 其中, 注料机构还包含 与预塑装置固定连接的加料装置。
上述的以石料为主的复合材料的注射成型设备, 其中, 加料装置包含上 下依次设置的压料驱动装置、 加料斜斗、 储料筒和压料头, 在压料驱动装置 的驱动下, 压料头在储料筒内密封移动而将原料压入预塑装置中。
上述的以石料为主的复合材料的注射成型设备, 其中, 加料装置还包含 加料装置底板, 其与预塑装置连接。
上述的以石料为主的复合材料的注射成型设备, 其中, 加料装置包含储 料筒, 其两端分别设置有加料底板和加料装置底板;
所述的加料底板上方设置有加料滑板, 加料底板与加料滑板之间可相对 移动;
所述的加料底板两侧设置有导向轨, 对加料滑板进行导向;
所述的导向轨外侧设置有平推油缸, 其通过拉块使加料滑板平移。
上述的以石料为主的复合材料的注射成型设备, 其中, 加料滑板的一个 大孔上方分别设置有有油缸支架和压料油缸;
所述的压料油缸设置有相互连接的压料活塞与压料活塞杆连接; 所述的压料活塞杆底端通过法兰连接有压料头, 加料滑板的另一个大孔 上方设置有备料筒。 上述的以石料为主的复合材料的注射成型设备, 其中, 压料驱动装置为 压料油缸, 压料油缸的压料活塞与压料活塞杆上端相连, 压料活塞杆下端连 接有压料头, 该压料头在储料筒内压料时密封移动。
上述的以石料为主的复合材料的注射成型设备, 其中, 压料活塞杆通过 法兰连接压料头, 法兰与压料头间由密封圈密封。
上述的以石料为主的复合材料的注射成型设备, 其中, 预塑装置包含预 塑驱动装置、 预塑机筒和预塑螺杆;
所述的预塑螺杆置于预塑机筒内并由预塑驱动装置驱动;
所述的预塑机筒前端设置有预塑前机筒。
上述的以石料为主的复合材料的注射成型设备., 其中, 预塑装置还包含 预塑支承座, 所述的预塑机筒安装在预塑支承座的一侧, 其与加料装置中的 加料装置底板连接。
.上述的以石料为主的复合材料的注射成型设备, 其中, 封料装置还包含 设置在集流块上方的封料缸前盖、 封料油缸和封料缸后盖;
所述的封料油缸内设置有封料活塞和封料活塞杆, 封料活塞杆与封料杆 连接。
上述的以石料为主的复合材料的注射成型设备, 其中, 集流块还安装了 调节螺栓, 调节螺栓穿过封料缸后盖进入封料油缸缸体内的封料活塞上方。
上述的以石料为主的复合材料的注射成型设备, 其中, 集流块下方由集 流块支承架固定。
上述的以石料为主的复合材料的注射成型设备, 其中, 注射装置包含注 射机筒、 注射座、 注射杆和注射驱动装置;
所述的注射杆置于注射机筒内并由注射驱动装置驱动;
所述的注射机筒安装在集流块的第二通道中, 注射机筒和注射驱动装置 安装在注射座上, 集流块另一侧安装了前机筒和小喷嘴, 该小喷嘴与模具浇 口相接触。
上述的以石料为主的复合材料的注射成型设备, 其中, 集流块与预塑前 机筒、 集流块与注射机筒之间活动连接。
上述的以石料为主的复合材料的注射成型设备, 其中, 注料机构还包含 整移装置; 所述的整移装置包含设置在机架上的导杆组件;
所述的导杆组件包含导杆支座和射台导杆;
所述的导杆支座固定在机架上;
所述的射台导杆固定在导杆支座上。
上述的以石料为主的复合材料的注射成型设备, 其中, 整移装置还包含 模板及与模板固定连接的整移驱动组件;
所述的整移驱动组件包含整移油缸、 整移接头和整移活塞杆;
所述的整移油缸固定在注射座上;
所述的整移活塞杆通过整移接头固定在模板上。
一种以石料为主的复合材料的注射 ^^型设备, 其特点是, 包含预塑装置、 封料装置和注射装置;
上述的预塑装置包含射台前板、 射台后板、 螺杆转动机构和螺杆移动机 构; 螺杆转动机构固定在射台后板上, 其与注射装置连接, 螺杆移动机构设 置在射台前板上;
所述的封料装置包含推力环、止逆环, 止逆环设置在注射装置的出口端, 推力环与止逆环相接触, 二者起到封料的作用;
所述的注射装置包含机筒、 过渡喷嘴、 小喷嘴、 螺杆和螺杆头, 机筒安 装在射台前板上, 其内部设置有螺杆, 螺杆的顶端设置有螺杆头, 机筒端部 设置有过渡喷嘴, 在过渡喷嘴的末端设置有小喷嘴。
与现有技术相比, 本发明的优点在于:
本发明生产制品的方法, 生产过程简单、 生产出的制品合格率高, 因此 生产效率高而生产成本低, 能够批量生产, 生产出大量的制品。
本发明生产制品的方法生产出的制品的质量好且稳定, 能够应用到需要 高质量的制品上, 能够生产复杂结构及特殊表面处理的制品, 完全可以替代 现有的汽车部件、 电气部件或零件等精密部件。
本发明通过成型工艺制得的制品具有良好的机械强度、 阻燃性、耐热性、 耐腐蚀, 电性能好以及成本低等优点, 应用范围非常广泛, 适用于车灯反射 器、 电热箱、 汽车点火器、 引擎罩等汽车工业; 还可适用于高压器件, 继电 器底座, 线圈骨架, 闸刀开关台, 保险丝盒等电气部件, 以及适用于微波炉 餐具, 电熨斗外壳等, 洁具产品如便器、 面盆、 浴缸等日用品类产品, 能够 取代绝大多数热固性塑料和热塑性塑料, 从而减少塑料制品的使用量, 为创 建资源节约型、 环境友好型产业提供强有力的支持和保障。
由于本发明制得的产品能够减少塑料制品的使用量, 能够减少石油的使 用量, 从而为节约石油资源做出贡献。
应用本发明能将废弃的石料 "变废为宝" , 必将产生巨大的经济效益和 社会效益。
还由于制品中主要成分为石料, 由于石料的密度、 强度均高于塑料, 其 制品比塑料有更优异的性能, 因此该制品还能开辟更多的用途。 附图的简要说明
图 1为本发明的注料系统总体外形结构图。
图 2为本发明的注料系统总体外形剖视图。
图 3为本发明的加料装置的装配图。
图 4为本发明的加料装置的剖视图。
图 5为本发明的另一种加料装置的装配图。
图 6为本发明的另一种加料装置的剖视图。
图 7为本发明的预塑装置的装配图。
图 8为本发明的预塑装置的剖视图。
图 9为本发明的封料装置的装配图。
图 10为本发明的封料装置的剖视图。
图 11为本发明的注射装置的装配图。
图 12为本发明的注射装置的剖视图。
图 13为本发明的预塑与注射结合的机构的装配图。
图 14为图 13的另一方向的剖视图。
图 15为本发明的整移装置的装配图。
图 16为本发明的清料装置的装配图。 实现本发明的最佳方式
以下结合附图实施例对本发明作进步一详细描述。
实施例 1: 利用以石料为主的复合材料注塑成型车灯反射器
将配好的原料放入注射成型设备的储料筒内, 由压料活塞带动压料头把 原料压入预塑机筒内。 预塑机筒设定温度为 25°C, 再通过预塑螺杆的旋转把 原料向前输送至注射机筒内, 预塑螺杆边旋转边后退, 注射装置在注射料压 为 68~80Mpa, 注射速度 15~25mm/s条件下进行注射, 将原料通过模具浇口 注射至模具内, 保压 3秒, 模具温度为 160°C, 料在模具内固化 65秒。 最后 开模取出制品。
上述制品经检测, 其弯曲强度为 130Mpa, 拉伸强度为 29Mpa, 冲击强 度为 29KJ/M2, 完全符合使用要求。
实施例 2: 利用以石料为主的复合材料注塑成型电熨斗底座
将配好的原料放入注射成型设备的储料筒内, 由压料活塞带动压料头把 原料压入预塑机筒内。 预塑机筒设定温度为 17°C, 再通过预塑螺杆的旋转把 原料向前输送至注射机筒内, 预塑螺杆边旋转边后退, 注射装置在注射料压 为 42-52Mpa, 注射速度 55~70mm/s条件下进行注射, 将原料通过模具浇口 注射至模具内, 保压 2秒, 模具温度为 180°C, 料在模具内固化 35秒。 最后 开模取出制品。
上述制品经检测, 其弯曲强度为 132Mpa, 拉伸强度为 31Mpa, 冲击强 度为 32KJ/M2。
实施例 3: 利用以石料为主的复合材料注塑成型汽车点烟器底座 将配好的原料放入注射成型设备的储料筒内, 由压料活塞带动压料头把 原料压入预塑机筒内。 预塑机筒设定温度为 25°C, 再通过预塑螺杆的旋转把 原料向前输送至注射机筒内, 预塑螺杆边旋转边后退, 注射装置在注射料压 为 52-63Mpa, 注射速度 8~15mm/s条件下进行注射, 将原料通过模具浇口注 射至模具内, 无保压时间, 模具温度为 175°C, 料在模具内固化 147秒。 最 后开模制品。
上述制品经检测, 其弯曲强度为 129Mpa, 拉伸强度为 28Mpa, 冲击强 度为 27KJ/M2。
实施例 4: 利用以石料为主的复合材料注塑成型电器接插件
将配好的原料放入注射成型设备的储料筒内, 由压料活塞带动压料头把 原料压入预塑机筒内。 预塑机筒设定温度为 20°C, 再通过预塑螺杆的旋转把 原料向前输送至注射机筒内, 预塑螺杆边旋转边后退, 注射装置在注射料压 为 26-32Mpa, 注射速度 8~10mm/s条件下进行注射, 将原料通过模具浇口注 射至模具内, 保压 7秒, 模具温度为 168°C, 料在模具内固化 60秒。 最后开 模取出制品。
上述制品经检测, 其弯曲强度为 135Mpa, 拉伸强度为 33Mpa, 冲击强 度为 32KJ M2, 完全符合电器接插件的要求。
实施例 5: 利用以石料为主的复合材料注塑成型电水壶底座
将配好的原料放入注射成型设备的储料筒内, 由压料活塞带动压料头把 原料压入预塑机筒内。 预塑机筒设定温度为 25°C, 再通过预塑螺杆的旋转把 原料向前输送至注射机筒内, 预塑螺杆边旋转边后退, 注射装置在注射料压 为 40-50Mpa, 注射速度 18~25mm/s条件下进行注射, 将原料通过模具浇口 注射至模具内, 保压 1秒, 模具温度为 150°C, 料在模具内固化 45秒。 最后 开模取出制品。
上述制品经检测, 其弯曲强度为 132Mpa, 拉伸强度为 30Mpa, 冲击强 度为 31KJ/M2。
从上述实施例中可以证明, 本发明独创了将石料为主的复合材料注塑成 型的方法来形成以石料为主要成分的制品, 采用的方法完全可行, 达到了本 发明目的。
本发明仅列举了上述比较典型的产品注射成型方法, 还可在相同的成型 机理下对生产条件和生产的产品作更多的拓展和变化, 这些均可由这些方法 变化而来, 仍属于本发明的保护范围。
本发明还提供了按照上述注射成型方法设计的生产设备。
以石料为主的复合材料的注射成型设备, 如图 1与图 2所示, 包含加料 装置 2, 预塑装置 3, 封料装置 4, 注射装置 5, 整移装置 6, 清料装置 7。
如图 3与图 4所示, 加料装置 2中的储料筒 301中用来盛放以石料为主 的复合材料 300, 储料筒 301外侧有储料筒衬套 302, 储料筒 301与储料筒衬 套 302之间的螺旋槽可通温控液以控制温度。 储料筒 301的下方是加料装置 底板 303, 储料筒 301的上方是加料斜斗底板 304, 加料斜斗底板 304上面固 定了加料斜斗 305。在加料斜斗 305上方有加料油缸底板 306。加料装置底板 303、 加料斜斗底板 304、 加料油缸底板 306通过拉杆 315串联在一起。 加料 油缸底板 306的上方分别有压料缸前盖 30&压料油缸 压料缸后盖 310。 压料油缸 309里面有压料活塞 311与压料活塞杆 312。 压料活塞杆 312下方 通过压料连接法兰 313与压料头 314连接。
压料缸前盖 308与压料缸后盖 310分别有通孔, 使油液能够进出压料油 缸 309。 当油液通过压料缸前盖 308进入压料油缸 309的下部分, 使压料活 塞 311上升, 并使压料油缸 309的上部分的油液通过压料缸后盖 310流出。 压料活塞 311的上升带动压料活塞杆 312、 压料连接法兰 313、 压料头 314 等都上升, 并最终使压料头 314离开储料筒 301。这时便可通过加料斜斗 305 往储料筒 301中盛放以石料为主的复合材料 300。
当油液通过压料缸后盖 310进入压料油缸 309的上部分,使压料活塞 311 下降, 并使压料油缸 309的下部分的油液通过压料缸前盖 308流出。 压料活 塞 311的下降带动压料活塞杆 312压料连接法兰 31 压料头 314等都下降 并最终使压料头 314进入储料筒 301。 这样压料头 314便会挤压储料筒 301 里的以石料为主的复合材料 300, 以使以石料为主的复合材料 300进入加料 装置 2下方的预塑装置 3中。
在压料连接法兰 313外沿有密封圈 316, 当压料头 314进入储料筒 301 后并挤压以石料为主的复合材料 300时,密封圈 316与储料筒 301紧密配合, 防止以石料为主的复合材料 300越过密封圈 316的外沿。
在加料斜斗 305口部有加料斜斗盖 319,加料斜斗盖 319可翻起可放下, 起到安全与防尘的作用。
在本实施例中, 采用压料活塞 311带动压料头 314移动, 也可采用电机 或其它的方式带动压料头 314移动, 这也在本发明的保护范围之内。
如图 5与图 6所示, 加料装置 2还有另一种结构。 加料装置 2中的储料 筒 301中用来盛放以石料为主的复合材料 300。 储料筒 301的下方是加料装 置底板 303, 储料筒 301的上方是加料底板 501, 加料底板 501上方有加料滑 板 502。 加料底板 501与加料滑板 502之间可相对移动。 在加料底板 501两 侧有导向轨 503, 对加料滑板 502进行导向。 在导向轨 503外侧有平推油缸 504, 可通过拉块 505, 使加料滑板 502进行平移。 加料滑板 502的一个大孔 上方分别有油缸支架 307、压料缸前盖 308、压料油缸 309、压料缸后盖 310。 压料油缸 309里面有压料活塞 311与压料活塞杆 312。 压料活塞杆 312下方 通过压料连接法兰 313与压料头 314连接。 加料滑板 502的另一个大孔上方 有备料筒 506。
压料缸前盖 308与压料缸后盖 310分别有通孔, 使油液能够进出压料油 缸 309。 当油液通过压料缸前盖 308进入压料油缸 309的下部分, 使压料活 塞 311上升, 并使压料油缸 309的上部分的油液通过压料缸后盖 310流出。 压料活塞 311的上升带动压料活塞杆 312、 压料连接法兰 313、 压料头 314 等都上升, 并最终使压料头 314离开储料筒 301。 在备料筒 506中可预先安 放以石料为主的复合材料 300。通过平推油缸 504拉动加料滑板 502, 使备料 筒 506移到储料筒 301的上方, 这时备料筒 506中的以石料为主的复合材料 300就会掉进储料筒 301内。
然后再通过平推油缸 504拉动加料滑板 502, 使压料头 314移到储料筒 301的上方。 当油液通过压料缸后盖 310进入压料油缸 309的上部分, 使压 料活塞 311下降, 并使压料油缸 309的下部分的油液通过压料缸前盖 308流 出。 压料活塞 311的下降带动压料活塞杆 312、 压料连接法兰 313、 压料头 314等都下降, 并最终使压料头 314进入储料筒 301。这样压料头 314便会挤 压储料筒 301里的以石料为主的复合材料 300, 以使以石料为主的复合材料 300进入加料装置 2下方的预塑装置 3中。
压料连接法兰 313外沿有密封圈 316, 当压料头 314进入储料筒 301后 并挤压以石料为主的复合材料 300时, 密封圈 316与储料筒 301紧密配合, 防止以石料为主的复合材料 300越过密封圈 316的外沿。
如图 7与图 8所示, 预塑装置 3中的预塑支承座 701在加料装置 2的正 下方。 预塑座 702装在预塑支承座 701上, 预塑座 702内有联轴节 703、 轴 承 704、 轴承 705、轴承 706、 油封盖 707。 油马达 708安装在预塑座 702上, 且油马达 708的轴与联轴节 703连接。 预塑机筒 709安装在预塑支承座 701 的另一侧, 预塑机筒 709外侧有预塑机筒衬套 710, 预塑机筒 709与预塑机 筒衬套 710之间的螺旋槽可通温控液以控制温度。 预塑机筒 709前端有预塑 前机筒 711, 预塑机筒 709里面有预塑螺杆 712。 预塑螺杆 712与联轴节 703 相连接。
以压力油驱动油马达 708旋转, 油马达 708通过联轴节 703带动预塑螺 杆 712旋转。 以石料为主的复合材料 300被加料装置 2通过预塑支承座 701 压入预塑机筒 709的进料口。 进入预塑机筒 709的进料口的以石料为主的复 合材料 300, 会因预塑螺杆 712的旋转, 而沿着预塑机筒 709前进, 并通过 预塑前机筒 711进入到封料装置 4中。
在本实施例中, 采用油马达 708预塑螺杆 712, 也可采用电机或其它的 方式预塑螺杆 712, 这也在本发明的保护范围之内。
如图 9与图 10所示封料装置 4中的集流块 901与预塑装置 3中的预塑 前机筒 711相连接。 集流块 901上方分别有支柱 902、 封料缸前盖 903、 封料 油缸 904、封料缸后盖 905。封料油缸 904里面有封料活塞 906与封料活塞杆 907。 封料活塞杆 907下方通过哈夫 908与封料杆 909连接。
集流块 901上还安装了导向套 910, 封料杆 909穿过导向套 910的中间 的孔, 进入到集流块 901内部, 这样能更好的引导封料杆 909。
封料缸前盖 903与封料缸后盖 905分别有通孔 (未表示) , 使油液能够 进出封料油缸 904当油液通过封料缸前盖 903进入封料油缸 904的下部分, 使封料活塞 906上升,并使封料油缸 904的上部分的油液通过封料缸后盖 905 流出。 封料活塞 906的上升带动哈夫 908、 封料杆 909等都上升, 并最终使 封料杆 909不再堵住集流块 901的下方出料孔。 这时预塑装置 3中以石料为 主的复合材料 300便可进入到集流块 901的下方? L机器预塑时,集流块 901 的下方出料孔是开通的, 以便以石料为主的复合材料 300进入到集流块 901 的下方孔。
当油液通过封料缸后盖 905进入封料油缸 904的上部分使封料活塞 906 下降, 并使封料油缸 904的下部分的油液通过封料缸前盖 903流出。 封料活 塞 906的下降带动哈夫 908、 封料杆 909等都下降, 并最终使封料杆 909堵 住集流块 901的下方出料孔。 这时预塑装置 3中以石料为主的复合材料 300 不能进入到集流块 901的下方孔, 集流块 901的下方孔中的以石料为主的复 合材料 300也不能倒流。 机器注射时, 便可防止集流块 901的下方孔中的以 石料为主的复合材料 300倒流回预塑装置 3。
在导向套 910上方还安装了密封圈 911与密封圈压盖 912, 密封圈 911 与封料杆 909紧密配合, 防止以石料为主的复合材料 300越过密封圈 911的 外沿。
在封料缸后盖 905上安装调节螺栓 913, 调节螺栓 913穿过封料缸后盖 905后进入封料油缸 904缸体内封料活塞 906的上方, 调节螺栓 913可限制 封料活塞 906上升的最高位置。 旋转调节螺栓 913, 调整调节螺栓 913在封 料缸后盖 905上的位置, 即可调整封料活塞 906上升的最高位置, 相应调节 封料杆 909上升的最高位置也就是封料杆 909与集流块 901的开口的距离 即调节了流道口的大小。
如图 11与图 12所示, 注射装置 5在封料装置 4的下方。 集流块 901上 安装了注射机筒 1101, 注射机筒 1101外侧有注射机筒衬套 1102, 注射机筒 1101与注射机筒衬套 1102之间的螺旋槽可通温控液以控制温度。 注射机筒 1101使用螺母 1103安装在注射座 1104上。 注射座 1104上还安装了注射缸 前盖 1105、 注射油缸 1106、 注射缸后盖 1107。 注射油缸 1106里面有注射活 塞 1108与注射活塞杆 1109。 注射活塞杆 1109通过哈夫 1110与注射杆 1111 连接。 集流块 901的另一侧安装了前机筒 1112、 过渡喷嘴 1113、 过渡喷嘴衬 套 1114、 小喷嘴 1115。过渡喷嘴 1113与过渡喷嘴衬套 1114之间的螺旋槽可 通温控液以控制温度。
当预塑时, 小喷嘴 1115的出口是被模具(图中未表示)封死的。 预塑装 置 3中的以石料为主的复合材料 300进入到集流块 901的下方孔, 会推动注 射杆 1111右移。 注射杆 1111相应会带动哈夫 1110、 注射活塞 1108等都右 移。 注射油缸 1106左侧、 注射缸后盖 1107分别有通孔, 使油液能够进出注 射油缸 1106。 当注射活塞 1108右移时, 注射油缸 1106右侧的油液, 会通过 注射缸后盖 1107流出, 左侧会有油液通过注射油缸 1106的孔流入。
当注射时, 当油液通过注射缸后盖 1107进入注射油缸 1106的右侧, 使 注射活塞 1108左移, 并使注射油缸 1106的左侧的油液通过注射缸前盖 1105 流出。 注射活塞 1108的左移带动哈夫 1110、 注射杆 1111等都左移, 并最终 使注射杆 1111推动注射机筒 1101内的以石料为主的复合材料 300。 以石料 为主的复合材料 300便会在注射杆 1111的推力下, 通过前机筒 1112、 过渡 喷嘴 1113、 小喷嘴 1115, 最终进入模具 (图中未表示) 中。
在本实施例中, 采用注射活塞 1108带动注射杆 1111移动, 也可采用电 机或其它的方式带动注射杆 1111移动, 这也在本发明的保护范围之内。
如图 13和图 14所示, 上述预塑装置 3、 封料装置 4、 注射装置 5结合在 一起组成另一种结构。 在射台前板 1301上安装机筒 1302、 过渡喷嘴 1304、 小喷嘴 1305。机筒 1302里面的螺杆 1306前端有推力环 1307、止逆环 1308、 螺杆头 1309。 螺杆 1306的另一端通过联轴节 1310与油马达 1311相连接, 油马达安装在射台后板 1312上, 射台前板 1301上有油缸 1313, 活塞杆 1314 连接射台后板 1312。
预塑时, 油马达 1311通过联轴节 1310带动螺杆 1306旋转, 使以石料为 主的复合材料 300顺着螺杆 1306上的槽进入机筒 1302前端。 注射时, 油液 推动活塞杆 1314, 通过射台后板 1312、 联轴节 1310, 带动螺杆 1306移动, 使以石料为主的复合材料 300通过过渡喷嘴 1304 小喷嘴 1305, 最终进入模 具 (图中未表示) 中。 止逆环 1308在注射时起到封料作用。
如图 15所示, 整移装置 6包含整移油缸 1501, 整移接头 1502, 导杆支 座 1503, 射台导杆 1504, 整移活塞杆 1505。 整移活塞杆 1505通过整移接头 1502固定在模板 1506上, 导杆支座 1503固定在机架 (图中未表示)上, 射 台导杆 1504固定在导杆支座 1503上整移油缸 1501固定在注射座 1104 注射座 1104与射台导杆 1504可相对运动整移活塞杆 1505同整移油缸 1501 可相对运动。 当油液驱动整移油缸 1501相对整移活塞杆 1505运动时, 注射 座 1104便在射台导杆 1504上运动。
如图 16所示, 在机架(图中未表示)上安装有清料装置 7, 该清料装置 7是集流块支承架 1601。 使用整移装置 6移动注料系统, 使集流块 901到达 集流块支承架 1601的上方。
将集流块 901与集流块支承架 1601固定在一起并拆除集流块 901与预 塑前机筒 711之间的螺钉, 再拆除集流块 901与注射机筒 1101之间的螺钉。 这时使用整移装置 6, 便可将注料机构分开, 便能方便地清理注射机筒 1101 及预塑机筒 709内的残留的以石料为主的复合材料 300。

Claims

权利要求
1. 一种以石料为主的复合材料的注射成型方法, 其特征在于: 包含以下步 骤:
a.将所用原料放入加料装置(2) 内, 再通过加料装置 (2) 内的压 料部件把原料推入预塑装置 (3 ) 的预塑机筒 (709) 内;
b.预塑机筒 (709) 保持温度为 15~55°C , 随着预塑螺杆 (712) 的 旋转把原料压实输送到封料装置 (4) 的注射机筒 (1101 ) 内;
c.注射装置(5 )在注射料力 50〜180Mpa条件下, 将注射机筒( 1101 ) 内的原料通过模具浇口注射进入模具;
d.保持模具温度 140〜200°C, 固化时间 40秒〜 300秒;
e.开模取出制品。
2. 如权利要求 1所述的以石料为主的复合材料的注射成型方法, 其特征在 于: 所述的加料装置 (2) 的压料部件为压料头 (314)。
3. 一种以石料为主的复合材料的注射成型设备, 其特征在于: 包含预塑装 置 (3)、 封料装置 (4) 和注射装置 (5 );
所述的封料装置 (4) 包含集流块 (901 ) 和封料杆 (909), 集流 块 (901 ) 的一侧设置有相互连通的第一通道和第二通道, 第一通道与 预塑装置(3 ) 相连接, 第二通道与注射装置 (5 )连接, 封料杆(909) 置于第一通道与第二通道的连通处;
所述的集流块 (901 ) 上还安装了导向套 (910), 封料杆 (909) 穿过导向套(910) 中间的孔, 进入到集流块(901 )第一通道与第二通 道的连通处;
所述的注射装置 (5 ) 与模具浇口相接触。
4. 如权利要求 3所述的以石料为主的复合材料的注射成型设备, 其特征在 于: 所述的注料机构还包含与预塑装置(3 )固定连接的加料装置(2)。
5. 如权利要求 4所述的以石料为主的复合材料的注射成型设备, 其特征在 于: 所述的加料装置 (2) 包含上下依次设置的压料驱动装置、 加料斜 斗(305)、 储料筒(301 )和压料头(314), 在压料驱动装置的驱动下, 压料头 (314)在储料筒(301 ) 内密封移动而将原料压入预塑装置 (3 ) 中。
6. 如权利要求 5所述的以石料为主的复合材料的注射成型设备, 其特征在 于: 所述的加料装置 (2) 还包含加料装置底板 (303 ), 其与预塑装置
(3 )连接。
7. 如权利要求 4所述的以石料为主的复合材料的注射成型设备, 其特征在 于: 所述的加料装置 (2) 包含储料筒 (301 ), 其两端分别设置有加料 底板 (501 ) 和加料装置底板 (303 );
所述的加料底板( 501 )上方设置有加料滑板( 502、加料底板( 501 ) 与加料滑板 (502) 之间可相对移动;
所述的加料底板( 501 )两侧设置有导向轨( 503、对加料滑板( 502 ) 进行导向;
所述的导向轨( 503 )外,设置有平推油缸( 504 \其通过拉块( 505 ) 使加料滑板 (502) 平移。
8. 如权利要求 7所述的以石料为主的复合材料的注射成型设备, 其特征在 于:所述的加料滑板(502)的一个大孔上方分别设置有有油缸支架(307) 和压料油缸 (309);
所述的压料油缸 (309) 设置有相互连接的压料活塞 (311 ) 与压 料活塞杆 (312) 连接;
所述的压料活塞杆 (312) 底端通过法兰 (313 ) 连接有压料头
(314), 加料滑板 (502) 的另一个大孔上方设置有备料筒 (506)。
9. 如权利要求 6或 8所述的以石料为主的复合材料的注射成型设备, 其特 征在于: 所述的压料驱动装置为压料油缸 (309), 压料油缸 (309) 的 压料活塞 (311 ) 与压料活塞杆 (312) 上端相连, 压料活塞杆 (312) 下端连接有压料头(314), 该压料头 (314)在储料筒(301 ) 内压料时 密封移动。 如权利要求 9所述的以石料为主的复合材料的注射成型设备, 其特征在 于: 所述的压料活塞杆(312)通过法兰(313 )连接压料头 (314), 法 兰 (313 ) 与压料头 (314) 间由密封圈 (316) 密封。 如权利要求 10所述的以石料为主的复合材料的注射成型设备, 其特征 在于: 所述的预塑装置 (3 )包含预塑驱动装置、预塑机筒(709)和预 塑螺杆 (712);
所述的预塑螺杆 (712) 置于预塑机筒 (709) 内并由预塑驱动装 置驱动;
所述的预塑机筒 (709) 前端设置有预塑前机筒 (711 )。 如权利要求 11所述的以石料为主的复合材料的注射成型设备, 其特征 在于: 所述的预塑装置 (3 ) 还包含预塑支承座 (701 ), 所述的预塑机 筒 (709) 安装在预塑支承座 (701 ) 的一侧, 其与加料装置 (2) 中的 加料装置底板 (303 ) 连接。 如权利要求 12所述的以石料为主的复合材料的注射成型设备, 其特征 在于: 所述的封料装置(4)还包含设置在集流块(901 )上方的封料缸 前盖 (903 )、 封料油缸 (904) 和封料缸后盖 (905);
所述的封料油缸 (904) 内设置有封料活塞 (906) 和封料活塞杆 (907), 封料活塞杆 (907) 与封料杆 (909) 连接。 如权利要求 13所述的以石料为主的复合材料的注射成型设备, 其特征 在于: 所述的集流块(901 )还安装了调节螺栓(913 ), 调节螺栓(913 ) 穿过封料缸后盖(905 )进入封料油缸(904)缸体内的封料活塞(906) 上方 如权利要求 14所述的以石料为主的复合材料的注射成型设备, 其特征 在于: 所述的集流块 (901) 下方由集流块支承架 (1601) 固定。 如权利要求 15所述的以石料为主的复合材料的注射成型设备, 其特征 在于: 所述的注射装置 (5) 包含注射机筒 (1101)、 注射座 (1104)、 注射杆 (1111) 和注射驱动装置;
所述的注射杆(1111)置于注射机筒(1101) 内并由注射驱动装置 驱动;
所述的注射机筒 (1101) 安装在集流块 (901) 的第二通道中, 注 射机筒(1101)和注射驱动装置安装在注射座(1104)上, 集流块(901) 另一侧安装了前机筒 (1112) 和小喷嘴 (1115), 该小喷嘴 (1115) 与 模具浇口相接触。 如权利要求 16所述的以石料为主的复合材料的注射成型设备, 其特征 在于: 所述的集流块 (901) 与预塑前机筒(711)、 集流块 (901) 与注 射机筒 (1101) 之间活动连接。 如权利要求 3所述的以石料为主的复合材料的注射成型设备, 其特征在 于: 所述的注料机构还包含整移装置 (6);
所述的整移装置 (6) 包含设置在机架上的导杆组件;
所述的导杆组件包含导杆支座 (1503) 和射台导杆 (1504);
所述的导杆支座 (1503) 固定在机架上;
所述的射台导杆 (1504) 固定在导杆支座 (1503) 上。 如权利要求 18所述的以石料为主的复合材料的注射成型设备, 其特征 在于: 所述的整移装置 (6) 还包含模板 (1506) 及与模板 (1506) 固 定连接的整移驱动组件;
所述的整移驱动组件包含整移油缸 (1501)、 整移接头 (1502) 和 整移活塞杆 (1505);
所述的整移油缸 (1501) 固定在注射座 (1104) 上;
所述的整移活塞杆( 1505 )通过整移接头( 1502 )固定在模板( 1506 ) 上。 —种以石料为主的复合材料的注射成型设备, 其特征在于: 包含预塑装 置 (3)、 封料装置 (4) 禾注射装置 (5);
所述的预塑装置 (3) 包含射台前板 (1301)、 射台后板 (1312)、 螺杆转动机构和螺杆移动机构; 螺杆转动机构固定在射台后板 (1312) 上, 其与注射装置 (5) 连接, 螺杆移动机构设置在射台前板 (1301) 上;
所述的封料装置 (4) 包含推力环 (1307)、 止逆环 (1308), 止逆 环 (1308) 设置在注射装置 (5) 的出口端, 推力环 (1307) 与止逆环 (1308) 相接触, 二者起到封料的作用;
所述的注射装置 (5) 包含机筒 (1302)、 过渡喷嘴 (1304)、 小喷 嘴 (1305)、 螺杆(1306) 和螺杆头 (1309), 机筒(1302) 安装在射台 前板 (1301) 上, 其内部设置有螺杆 (1306), 螺杆 (1306) 的顶端设 置有螺杆头(1309), 机筒 (1302)端部设置有过渡喷嘴(1304), 在过 渡喷嘴 (1304) 的末端设置有小喷嘴 (1305)。
PCT/CN2010/000123 2009-12-25 2010-01-28 一种以石料为主的复合材料的注射成型方法及注射成型设备 WO2011075924A1 (zh)

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