WO2011063629A1 - 可生物降解的烟用纤维 - Google Patents

可生物降解的烟用纤维 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011063629A1
WO2011063629A1 PCT/CN2010/073092 CN2010073092W WO2011063629A1 WO 2011063629 A1 WO2011063629 A1 WO 2011063629A1 CN 2010073092 W CN2010073092 W CN 2010073092W WO 2011063629 A1 WO2011063629 A1 WO 2011063629A1
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Prior art keywords
acid
polymer
tow
temperature
biodegradable
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PCT/CN2010/073092
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
季君晖
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北京中科高意引擎技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2011063629A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011063629A1/zh

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Classifications

    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01FCHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F6/00Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F6/78Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from copolycondensation products
    • D01F6/84Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from copolycondensation products from copolyesters
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24DCIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D3/00Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
    • A24D3/06Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters
    • A24D3/067Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters characterised by functional properties
    • A24D3/068Biodegradable or disintegrable
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24DCIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D3/00Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
    • A24D3/06Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters
    • A24D3/08Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters of organic materials as carrier or major constituent
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01FCHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F1/00General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
    • D01F1/02Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a tobacco fiber, which is prepared by melt spinning a polybutylene succinate (PBS) polymer as a base resin, and has excellent biodegradability and can be used for processing. Cigarette filter rod. Background technique
  • the cigarette filter has the function of filtering, blocking and adsorbing harmful components such as nicotine and tar in the flue gas.
  • the good filter material should also improve the taste of the flue gas and reduce the stimulation of the flue gas to the oral cavity. Human health damage.
  • the materials currently used in the manufacture of cigarette filters are generally made of cellulose acetate fibers and polypropylene fibers. From the viewpoint of processing properties and the comprehensive performance of the final production filter, cellulose acetate fibers are preferred. More cellulose acetate fiber filters are used in medium and high-grade cigarettes.
  • the remaining part of the filter after the cigarette is sucked is discarded, and the cellulose acetate fiber and the polypropylene fiber are difficult to be biodegraded in the natural environment.
  • the cigarette is on the basis of the crime of harmful human health, and it also causes Environmental pollution. Human beings cannot completely leave cigarettes. In addition to reducing the harm of cigarettes themselves to the human body, solving the environmental pollution problem caused by filter disposal has become a problem that the cigarette industry must face.
  • cellulose acetate fiber is a chemical product obtained from high-quality wood. From cellulose to cellulose to esterified cellulose acetate, a large amount of wood raw material is consumed, and many pollution problems are accompanied by production.
  • the production process of the fiber for cigarette filter mainly includes melt-spinning the raw material into a fiber for tobacco, the spinnability of the raw material, SP, whether it is easy to be spun into a fine fiber suitable for cigarettes, and the drafting property of the fiber tow and The bonding effect will eventually affect the overall performance of the filter rod and filter.
  • Cellulose acetate fiber is selected as the main processing material for cigarette filters due to its excellent properties. When looking for alternative materials, it is biodegradable and must meet the requirements of filter rod processing. It is the indispensable condition.
  • Polybutylene succinate is a biodegradable polymer that can be degraded into carbon dioxide and water under the action of bacteria or enzymes. Therefore, it is currently used in the plastics field to alleviate the tradition. The pollution caused by plastics to the environment. According to current research and reports, PBS plastics can be used to prepare film packaging materials, such as degradable plastic bags, sheet materials for disposable tableware, etc. PBS plastics can also be used in agricultural film and some daily sundries.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a biodegradable tobacco fiber which can be used as a special fiber tow for cigarette filters, and the raw material used is mainly polybutylene succinate polymer, the provided cigarette
  • the filter fiber is completely suitable for preparing a universal cigarette filter rod, and the filter prepared by using the fiber can be decomposed by microorganisms in the environment after being discarded, thereby facilitating environmental protection.
  • the invention also provides a method for manufacturing the above biodegradable tobacco fiber, and for the properties of polybutylene succinate, explores and proposes the determination of the conditions and parameters of the manufacturing process, and ensures the special use of the manufactured cigarette filter.
  • the fibers meet the preparation requirements and performance criteria of cigarette filter rods.
  • the present invention provides a biodegradable tobacco fiber, the raw material composition comprising 90-100% by weight of polybutylene succinate (PBS) polymer and 0-10% by weight of a stabilizer,
  • PBS polybutylene succinate
  • the polybutanediol succinate polymer is a high molecular weight polymer having a butylene succinate chain in the molecular chain of not less than 70% of the total chain number of the polymer, and the weight average molecular weight thereof. It is 5 to 350,000 and has a dispersion index of 1.2 to 3.0.
  • the tobacco fiber is processed by the melt spinning process.
  • polybutylene succinate is a biodegradable polymer material, which is currently used more for daily-use plastic products.
  • PBS is the basic raw material. Appropriate adjustment and change of the processing technology can produce special fiber for cigarette filter. The filter can be degraded as soon as possible after being discarded. It is applied in the cigarette industry and will have more significant social benefits for protecting the environment.
  • the tobacco fiber and the filter material of the present invention can be a pure homopolymerized product of butylene succinate or a suitable molecular chain in the polymer.
  • Copolymers of other polymeric links are useful for improving the processing properties of the raw materials and related indicators of the final filter rod product.
  • the amount of the butane succinate chain in the molecular chain of the polytetramethylene glycol succinate polymer is not less than the total of the polymer. 70% of the number of links, the remainder being the dibasic acid diol polymer chain of the non-succinic acid butylene glycol chain.
  • the polybutylene succinate polymer molecular chain contains a dibasic acid diol copolymer chain other than butylene succinate
  • the monomer is preferably a dibasic acid and/or a dihydric acid
  • the dibasic acid is selected from the group consisting of C2-C12 aliphatic dibasic acids, polyaromatic dibasic acids or mixtures thereof
  • the glycol is selected from C2-C12 fats. Group diols or mixtures thereof.
  • the dibasic acid includes oxalic acid, 1,2-malonic acid, 1, 3-malonic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, sebacic acid, sebacic acid, eleven a carbonic acid, a dodecanedicarboxylic acid, a fumaric acid, a maleic acid, a naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, or the like, or a mixture thereof;
  • the glycol includes ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, pentanediol, hexanediol, hydrazine Alcohols, etc. or mixtures thereof.
  • the polymerization of the dibasic acid diol other than the butylene succinate polymer is contained in the molecular chain of the polybutylene succinate polymer described above.
  • Chain links it is understood that these polymeric links are polymeric ester links formed from dibasic acids and glycols in the system.
  • the dibasic acid monomer introduced into the copolymer chain may be selected from the group consisting of oxalic acid, malonic acid, adipic acid, fumaric acid, etc. or a mixture of one or more thereof
  • the glycol monomer may be selected from the group consisting of Ethylene glycol, propylene glycol or hexanediol, etc. or a mixture of one or more thereof.
  • a suitable stabilizer in addition to the above pure homopolymer or the PBS polymer material containing the copolymerized link, a suitable stabilizer may be added, and the stabilizer refers to those.
  • antacids which may include phosphoric acid, phosphorous acid, hypophosphorous acid, pyrophosphoric acid, ammonium phosphate, trimethyl phosphate, dimethyl phosphate, triphenyl phosphate, diphenyl phosphate, triphenyl phosphite, phosphorous acid Diphenyl ester, ammonium phosphite, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, antioxidant 1010 (tetrakis[methylene-3-(3',5'-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate] formazan) , Antioxidant 1222 (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl phosphate), antioxidant 1076 ( ⁇ -(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl phosphate), antioxidant 1076 ( ⁇ -(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl phosphate), antioxidant 1076 ( ⁇ -(3,5-di-tert
  • Preferred stabilizers are trimethyl phosphate, triphenyl phosphate, triphenyl phosphite, antioxidant 1010, antioxidant 1076, H-MOD, epoxy linseed oil, epoxidized soybean oil, 1, 2 - Epoxy-3-phenoxypropanthene, magnesium hydroxide, amino resin, etc. or any mixture thereof.
  • the above-mentioned raw materials for producing tobacco fibers can be prepared by a known method or commercially available.
  • Chinese Patent No. 01144133.X discloses a method for preparing polybutylene succinate (PBS) by polymerization using succinic acid and butanediol as a monomer raw material, and also disclosed in Chinese Patent Application No. 200710049370.4.
  • a method of preparing high molecular weight PBS, the polybutylene succinate polymer prepared according to these prior art methods can satisfy the requirements of the present invention, and the above disclosure is incorporated herein by reference.
  • the PBS polymer raw material containing the polymer chain of the dibasic acid diol can also be converted by a polymerization reaction or a chain extension reaction.
  • the learning process is very easy to prepare.
  • a predetermined ratio of the selected dibasic acid and/or diol is added to the condensation polymerization reaction system of succinic acid and butanediol, and the polymerization can be carried out to obtain the desired ratio in the polymerization product.
  • Polymer chain links From the viewpoint of controlling the degradation rate and processability as the tobacco fiber tow, it is preferred to use a residual amount of monomeric succinic acid in the PBS polymer raw material of less than 80 ppm.
  • the inventors' research results show that the polybutylene succinate polymer satisfying the above definition has good molding processability, and thus can be adjusted to meet the cigarette filter standard by adjusting the similar spinning process of the polypropylene fiber.
  • Biodegradable tobacco fiber tow The manufacturing process can basically include the following processes:
  • Winding treatment is performed on the tow with a tractor
  • the tow after the winding treatment is subjected to drawing, crimping, and drying.
  • the method for producing the biodegradable tobacco fiber tow of the present invention may specifically comprise: melt spinning the raw material, setting a screw temperature of the spinning machine of 130 ° C to 230 ° C, and flowing the extruded material through the filter, After the tank, metering pump and straight pipe, through the spinneret, the filter temperature can be controlled from 140 °C to 250 °C, the cabinet temperature is 140 °C-250 °C, and the straight pipe temperature is 140 °C.
  • the sprayed wire is cooled by dry air, the cooling temperature is 0 ° C -50 ° C; the cooled tow is coated with oil, slow traction machine winding, steam box traction, fast
  • the traction machine is wound and the winding of the belt conveyor, and the oil is an aqueous solution of a fiber surface treatment agent (for example, polyethylene glycol, ethanolamine methyl ester, nonylphenol surfactant, etc.) having a concentration of 0.8% to 1%.
  • a fiber surface treatment agent for example, polyethylene glycol, ethanolamine methyl ester, nonylphenol surfactant, etc.
  • the speed of the roller of the slow tractor is 200-1500m/min
  • the speed of the roller of the fast tractor is 400-2500r/min
  • the frequency is 25-50HZ
  • the feeding speed of the belt conveyor is 200-1500 r/min
  • the frequency is 30-60HZ.
  • the tow drawn from the belt conveyor is drawn in a water bath at a water temperature of 40 ° C - 85 ° C, preferably 60-80 ° C, and then crimped and dried to form the tow.
  • Health A fibrous material for the degradation of tobacco.
  • the manufacturing method further includes:
  • the polybutylene succinate polymer and the stabilizer are dried and uniformly mixed, and subjected to extrusion granulation on the extruder for melt spinning, and the temperature of the extruder barrel is 120- 190 ° C.
  • the moisture content of the raw material is required to be less than 2% by weight. It can usually be dried in an environment of 50-85 ° C, more preferably 60-75 ° C for 2-3 hours.
  • the extruder barrel temperature can be controlled to 120-170 °C. It is generally possible to use a twin-screw extruder to set a suitable barrel temperature in the above temperature range according to the melting characteristics of the material to effect granulation to provide a special material for manufacturing a cigarette filter rod.
  • the present invention has specifically determined a method for producing tobacco fibers. More specifically, it may be:
  • the screw temperature of the extruder is 130-210 ° C; the cooling temperature of the discharge wire is 10-50 ° C;
  • the setting of each parameter can be adjusted according to the specific properties of the material and the operation of the equipment in the above range, for example, the winding speed of the slow tractor is 400-900 m/min; the roller of the fast tractor The speed is 1000-2000 r/min, the frequency is 35-40HZ; the belt conveyor feed wheel speed is 500-1000 r/min, and the frequency is 38-42HZ.
  • the above biodegradable tobacco fiber tow provided by the present invention can be further processed into a cigarette filter rod for cigarettes and a cigarette.
  • the invention utilizes a polybutylene succinate polymer material to manufacture a filter rod for cigarettes provided
  • the special fiber has good biodegradability, good adsorption and stable curl. Under normal storage and transportation conditions, it can guarantee that the performance of mechanics and appearance is basically unchanged within 3 years, which is completely in line with the requirements for preparing cigarette filters.
  • the tobacco fiber has a degradation rate of more than 70% within three months when the garbage is rich in a microbial environment, and can be completely degraded within six months.
  • the biodegradable fiber provided by the present invention can be passed through PBS or its copolyester raw material. Synthetic preparation by chemical method, rich in raw materials, no need to import high-quality wood, more conducive to industrial production. Therefore, the implementation of the present invention can completely replace the currently used acetate fiber and polypropylene fiber, and has very broad economic and social benefits. Specific implementation
  • a homopolybutylene succinate (PBS) with a weight average molecular weight of 15 ⁇ 10,000 and a dispersion index of 1.7 and a residual succinic acid content of 60 ppm in the polymer was selected as the base resin, according to PBS: triphenyl phosphite.
  • Ester Epoxy soybean oil: The amino resin is 97 : 0.5 : 1.5 : 1 by weight. Weigh the material and dry it in an oven at about 65 °C for 2 hours. Stir in a high-speed mixer for the aspect ratio.
  • the first stage of the barrel temperature setting is 120 ° C
  • the second stage is 140 ° C
  • the third section is 150 ° C
  • the fourth section is 150 ° C.
  • the five segments are 145 °C.
  • the extruding strand is pelletized by a pelletizer, dried by hot air on the line, and packaged, and the obtained niobium rod of the present invention is used as a special material.
  • the above-mentioned cigarette holder is spun on a ⁇ 65 melt spinning machine with a screw length to diameter ratio of 28, and the first stage temperature of the spinning screw of the spinning machine is set to 140 ° C, and the second stage is 155 ° C.
  • the third section is 165 ° C
  • the filter temperature is 165 ° C
  • the cabinet temperature is 165 ° C
  • the straight pipe temperature is 165 ° C
  • the temperature range is (15 ⁇ 5) ° after being sprayed from the spinneret with a size of 1050x3.
  • the dry air side of C is blown and cooled.
  • the cooled tow is coated with an oil agent in the oil sump, and the oil agent in the oil sump is an aqueous solution of the following fiber surface treatment agent: polyethylene glycol 1700 concentration is 0.2%, and triethanolamine dimethyl sulfate concentration is 0.15%. The concentration of nonylphenol polyethylene oxide is 0.1%.
  • the tow is wound by a slow tractor, and the winding speed of the roller is 800 m/min. Then, by pulling the steam box, it enters the fast traction machine winding, the fast traction roller rotates at 1500 r/min, the frequency is 38HZ, and then is transported through the belt conveyor.
  • the belt conveyor feed wheel speed is 800r/min, and the frequency is 40HZ.
  • the tow drawn from the belt conveyor was drawn by a multi-roll drafter, and the drafting medium was water at a water temperature of 65 °C. After drawing, the tow was crimped in a crimper, the number of crimps was 24 / 25 mm, and the crimped tow was dried by a steam dryer.
  • the dried tow is placed in a silk container by a pendulum machine, and the biodegradable tobacco fiber of the present invention is obtained by packaging.
  • the weight average molecular weight was (10 ⁇ 1) million, the dispersion index was 1.2, the residual succinic acid in the polymer was 80 ppm, and the molecular chain contained 18% (number of links) randomly distributed 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid.
  • the copolymerized polybutylene succinate (PBS) of the butylene glycol ester chain is used as the base resin, and the ratio of the copolymerized PBS: trimethyl phosphate: long-chain phosphorus-containing sulfur compound H-MOD is 94:1.
  • the above-mentioned cigarette holder is spun on a ⁇ 65 melt spinning machine with a screw length to diameter ratio of 28, and the extrusion screw temperature of the spinning machine is set to 145 ° C in the first stage and 160 ° in the second stage.
  • the third section is 165 ° C
  • the filter temperature is 165 ° C
  • the cabinet temperature is 165 ° C
  • the straight pipe temperature is 165 ° C.
  • the cooled tow is coated with an oil agent in the oil sump, and the oil agent in the oil sump is an aqueous solution of the fiber surface treatment agent of the following composition: polyethylene glycol 1700 concentration is 0.2%, and triethanolamine dimethyl sulfate concentration is 0.15%. The concentration of nonylphenol polyethylene oxide is 0.1%.
  • the tow after the oiling agent is applied through the oil sump is wound by a slow traction machine, the winding speed of the roller is 1000 m/min, and then the steaming machine is pulled into the fast traction machine, and the speed of the fast pulling roller is 1800 r/min.
  • the frequency is 40HZ, and then conveyed by the belt conveyor.
  • the belt conveyor feeds the wheel speed at 1000r/min and the frequency is 40HZ.
  • the tow drawn from the belt conveyor was drawn by a multi-roll drafter, the drafting medium was water, and the water temperature was 75 °C. After drawing, the tow is crimped in a crimper with a number of crimps of 25/25 mm. The crimped tow is dried by a steam dryer.
  • the tow After drying, the tow is placed in a silk container by a pendulum machine, and the biodegradable tobacco fiber of the present invention is obtained by packaging.
  • the copolymerized PBS substrate resin used in the present embodiment can be synthesized by referring to the method described in CN 01144133.X, and a specified amount of 2,6-naphthalene dicarboxylic acid is added to the reaction system of succinic acid and butanediol to make 2, The molar ratio of 6-naphthalene dicarboxylic acid to the total amount of the dibasic acid in the system was 18%, and then polymerization was carried out to obtain a desired copolymer.
  • the above fibers have good biodegradability and fully meet the degradation requirements in accordance with ISO 14855, with a degradation rate of 87% in 90 days.
  • the biosafety and curl of the material are in accordance with the requirements for the preparation of the mouthpiece for cigarettes.
  • the weight average molecular weight was 350,000, the dispersion index was 3.0, the residual succinic acid in the polymer was 45 ppm, and the molecular chain contained 30% (number of links) of randomly distributed hexanediol succinate links.
  • the copolymerized polybutylene succinate (PBS) was used as a base resin, and after being dried in an oven at 60 ° C for 3 hours, it was spun on a ⁇ 65 melt spinning machine with a screw length to diameter ratio of 28.
  • the first section is 130 ° C
  • the second section is 145 ° C
  • the third section is 155 ° C
  • the filter temperature is 155 ° C
  • the cabinet temperature is 155 ° C
  • the cooled tow is coated with an oil agent in the oil sump, and the oil agent in the oil sump is an aqueous solution of the fiber surface treatment agent of the following composition: polyethylene glycol 1700 concentration is 0.6%, and triethanolamine dimethyl sulfate concentration is 0.2. %, nonylphenol polyethylene oxide concentration is 0.2%.
  • the tow after the oiling agent was applied through the oil sump was wound by a slow tractor, and the winding speed of the roller was 1500 m/min. Then, by pulling the steam box, the fast traction machine is wound, the speed of the fast traction roller is 2500r/min, the frequency is 50HZ, and then conveyed by the belt conveyor.
  • the belt conveyor feeds the wheel speed of 1500r/min, and the frequency is 60HZ.
  • the tow drawn from the belt conveyor was drawn by a multi-roll drafter, the drafting medium was water, and the water temperature was 40 °C. After drawing, the tow was crimped in a crimper, the number of crimps was 22/25 mm, and the crimped tow was dried by a steam dryer.
  • the tow After drying, the tow is placed in a silk container by a pendulum machine, and the biodegradable tobacco fiber of the present invention is obtained by packaging.
  • the copolymerized PBS substrate resin used in the present embodiment can be synthesized by referring to the method described in CN 01144133.X, and a specified amount of hexanediol is added to the reaction system of succinic acid and butanediol to make hexanediol occupy the system.
  • the molar ratio of the total amount of the diol is 30%, and then polymerization is carried out to obtain a desired copolymer.
  • the above fibers have good biodegradability and fully meet the degradation requirements in accordance with ISO 14855, with a degradation rate of 98% in 90 days.
  • the biosafety and curl of the material are in accordance with the requirements for the preparation of the mouthpiece for cigarettes.
  • the weight average molecular weight was 50,000, the dispersion index was 2.4, the residual amount of succinic acid in the polymer was 50 ppm, and 10% (number of links) randomly distributed adipic acid-containing ester links and 10% in the molecular chain. (number of links) Randomly distributed ethylene glycol-containing ester chain copolymerized polybutylene succinate (PBS) as a base resin as a base resin, copolymerized PBS : 1010 : 1076 : magnesium hydroxide 90 : 0.1 : 0.2 : 9.7 parts by weight. Weigh the material and dry it in an oven at 75 ° C for 2 hours.
  • PBS ethylene glycol-containing ester chain copolymerized polybutylene succinate
  • the temperature of the barrel is set to 140 °C in the first stage, 160 °C in the second stage, 165 °C in the third stage, 165 °C in the fourth stage, and 155 °C in the fifth stage.
  • the strip is granulated by a pelletizer, dried on-line hot air, and packaged to obtain a special material for the cigarette holder of the present invention.
  • the above-mentioned cigarette holder is spun on a ⁇ 60 melt spinning machine with a screw length to diameter ratio of 28, and the screw temperature of the spinning machine is set to 170 ° C in the first stage and 185 ° C in the second stage.
  • the section is 195 ° C
  • the filter temperature is 185 ° C
  • the tank temperature is 185 ° C
  • the straight tube temperature is 185 ° C.
  • Regulation The spinneret of the 1250x1 is sprayed and then cooled by a dry air side with a temperature range of 30 to 50 °C.
  • the cooled tow is coated with an oil agent in the oil sump, and the oil agent in the oil sump is a fiber surface treatment agent aqueous solution having the following composition: polyethylene glycol 1700 concentration of 0.8%, triethanolamine dimethyl sulfate concentration of 0.1%, The concentration of nonylphenol polyethylene oxide was 0.1%.
  • the tow is wound by a slow tractor, and the winding speed of the roller is 200 m/min.
  • the fast traction machine is wound, the speed of the fast traction roller is 400 r/min, the frequency is 25HZ, and then conveyed by the belt conveyor.
  • the belt conveyor feeds the wheel speed 200r/min, and the frequency is 30HZ.
  • the tow drawn from the belt conveyor was drawn by a multi-roll drafter, and the drafting medium was water at a water temperature of 85 °C. After drawing, the tow was crimped in a crimper, the number of crimps was 25 / 25 mm, and the crimped tow was dried by a steam dryer.
  • the tow After drying, the tow is placed in a silk container by a pendulum machine, and the biodegradable tobacco fiber of the present invention is obtained by packaging.
  • the copolymerized PBS substrate resin used in this embodiment can be synthesized by referring to the method described in CN 01144133.X, and adipic acid and ethylene glycol are respectively added in the reaction system of succinic acid and butanediol, wherein adipic acid accounts for The molar ratio of the total amount of the dibasic acid in the system is 10%, and the molar ratio of ethylene glycol to the total amount of the diol in the system is 10%, and then polymerization is carried out to obtain the desired copolymer.
  • the above fibers have good biodegradability and fully meet the degradation requirements in accordance with ISO 14855, with a 90-day degradation rate of 95%.
  • the biosafety and curl of the material are in accordance with the requirements for the preparation of the mouthpiece for cigarettes.
  • the weight average molecular weight was (25 ⁇ 2) million, the dispersion index was 1.4, the residual amount of succinic acid in the polymer was 75 ppm, and the molecular chain contained 15% (number of links) of succinic acid randomly distributed 1,3— Propylene glycol ester chain copolymerization of polybutylene succinate (PBS) as a base resin, according to copolymerization of PBS: hypophosphorous acid: 1,2-epoxy-3-phenoxypropanthene: tetraethyl hydroxide Amount of ammonium Weigh the material in a ratio of 95:0.5:4:0.5.
  • PBS polybutylene succinate
  • the temperature of the barrel is set to 130 °C for the first stage, 150 °C for the second stage, 160 °C for the third stage, 160 °C for the fourth stage, and 155 °C for the fifth stage.
  • the extruding strand is pelletized by a pelletizer, dried by hot air on the line, and packaged, and the obtained niobium rod of the present invention is used as a special material.
  • the above-mentioned cigarette holder is spun on a ⁇ 60 melt spinning machine with a screw length to diameter ratio of 28, and the screw temperature of the spinning machine is set to 160 ° C in the first stage and 175 ° C in the second stage.
  • the section is 185 ° C
  • the filter temperature is 175 ° C
  • the tank temperature is 175 ° C
  • the straight tube temperature is 175 ° C.
  • the cooled tow is coated with an oil agent in the oil sump, and the oil agent in the oil sump is an aqueous solution of the fiber surface treatment agent of the following composition: the concentration of the polyethylene glycol 1500 is 0.2%, and the concentration of the triethanolamine dimethyl sulfate is 0.15%. The concentration of nonylphenol polyethylene oxide was 0.1%.
  • the tow after passing through the oil sump is wound by a slow tractor, and the winding speed of the roller is 700 m/min. Then, by pulling the steam box, the fast traction machine is wound, the speed of the fast traction roller is 1200 r/min, the frequency is 38HZ, and then conveyed by the belt conveyor.
  • the belt conveyor feeds the wheel speed 700r/min, and the frequency is 40HZ.
  • the tow drawn from the belt conveyor was drawn by a multi-roll drafter, and the drafting medium was water at a water temperature of 65 °C. After drawing, the tow was crimped in a crimper, the number of crimps was 24 / 25 mm, and the crimped tow was dried by a steam dryer.
  • the tow After drying, the tow is placed in a silk container by a pendulum machine, and the biodegradable tobacco fiber of the present invention is obtained by packaging.
  • the above fibers have good biodegradability and fully meet the degradation requirements in accordance with ISO 14855, with a 90-day degradation rate of 89%.
  • the biosafety and curl of the material meets the requirements for the preparation of cigarette sticks.
  • the copolymerized PBS substrate resin used in the present embodiment can be synthesized by referring to the method described in CN 01144133.X, and 1,3-propylene glycol is added to the reaction system of succinic acid and butanediol to make 1,3
  • the amount of monopropylene glycol is 15% in the total diol of the system, and then polymerization is carried out to obtain the desired copolymer.
  • Example 6
  • the weight average molecular weight was (12 ⁇ 1) million, the dispersion index was 1.8, the residual amount of succinic acid in the polymer was 60 ppm, and the molecular chain contained 10% (number of links) of ethylene glycol succinate randomly distributed.
  • Copolymer polybutylene succinate (PBS) as a base resin, according to copolymerized PBS: triphenyl phosphate: epoxy polybutadiene: calcium oxide in parts by weight ratio of 94 : 2 : 3 : 1
  • the ratio of the material was weighed and dried in an oven at 70 ° C for 2 hours, then uniformly stirred by a high-speed mixer, and extruded and granulated on a ⁇ 60 twin-screw extruder with a length to diameter ratio of 38.
  • the temperature of the barrel was set to the first stage. It is 140 ° C, the second section is 160 ° C, the third section is 170 ° C, the fourth section is 170 ° C, and the fifth section is 165 ° C.
  • the extruding strand is pelletized by a pelletizer, dried by hot air on the line, and packaged, and the obtained niobium rod of the present invention is used as a special material.
  • the above-mentioned cigarette holder is spun on a ⁇ 65 melt spinning machine with a screw length to diameter ratio of 28, and the first stage of the screw temperature setting of the spinning machine is 170 ° C, and the second stage is 185 ° C, the third The section is 190 ° C, the filter temperature is 185 ° C, the cabinet temperature is 185 ° C, and the straight tube temperature is 185 ° C.
  • the temperature range is (25 ⁇ 5) after ejecting from a spinneret with a size of 1050x3! The dry air side is blown by the air.
  • the cooled tow is coated with an oil agent in the oil sump, and the oil agent in the oil sump is a fiber surface treatment agent aqueous solution having the following composition: polyethylene glycol 1700 concentration is 0.2%, and triethanolamine dimethyl sulfate concentration is 0.15%. The concentration of nonylphenol polyethylene oxide is 0.1%.
  • the filament bundle is wound by a slow tractor, and the winding speed of the roller is 800 m/min.
  • the fast traction roller speed is 1500r/min, the frequency is 38HZ, and then conveyed by the belt conveyor.
  • the belt conveyor feed wheel speed is 800r/min, and the frequency is 40HZ.
  • the tow drawn from the belt conveyor was drawn by a multi-roll drafter, the drafting medium was water, and the water temperature was 65 °C. After drawing, the tow is crimped in a crimper with a number of crimps of 24/25 mm. The crimped tow is dried by a steam dryer.
  • the tow After drying, the tow is placed in a silk container by a pendulum machine, and the biodegradable tobacco fiber of the present invention is obtained by packaging.
  • the above fibers have good biodegradability and fully meet the degradation criteria in accordance with ISO 14855, with a 90-day degradation rate of 90%.
  • the biosafety and curl of the material are in accordance with the requirements for the preparation of the mouthpiece for cigarettes.
  • the copolymerized PBS substrate resin used in this embodiment can be synthesized by referring to the method described in CN 01144133.X, and ethylene glycol is added to the reaction system of succinic acid and butanediol, wherein ethylene glycol accounts for the total binary in the system.
  • the molar ratio of the alcohol is 10%, and then polymerization is carried out to obtain the desired copolymer.

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Description

可生物降解的烟用纤维
技术领域
本发明涉及一种烟用纤维, 所述烟用纤维采用聚丁二酸丁二醇酯 (PBS) 聚合物为基材树脂经熔融纺丝而制成, 具有优良的生物降解性, 可用于加工香烟过滤嘴棒。 背景技术
香烟过滤嘴具有过滤、 阻挡和吸附烟气中烟碱、 焦油等有害成分的 作用, 好的过滤嘴材料除具有上述作用外, 还应该能改善烟气的口感, 减少烟气对口腔的剌激及对人体健康的伤害。 作为一个比较成熟的技术, 目前用于制造香烟过滤嘴的材料一般是以醋酸纤维素纤维和聚丙烯纤维 为原料, 从加工性能和最终生产过滤嘴的综合使用性能考虑, 以醋酸纤 维素纤维为首选, 在中高档卷烟中多使用醋酸纤维素纤维滤嘴。
香烟吸完后剩下的过滤嘴部分是要丢弃的, 而醋酸纤维素纤维和聚 丙烯纤维在自然环境中很难被生物降解, 香烟在背负有害人体健康的罪 名的基础上, 同时还造成了对环境的污染。 人类不能完全离开香烟, 除 了减少香烟本身对人体的危害以外, 解决滤嘴丢弃带来的环境污染问题 就成为香烟行业必须面对的课题。
另一方面, 醋酸纤维素纤维是以优质木材为原料得到的化工产品, 从木材到纤维素再到酯化的醋酸纤维素需要消耗大量的木材原料, 而生 产环节中也伴随着很多污染问题。
所以, 无论是从木材资源匮乏, 还是从改善环境污染角度出发, 寻 找替代现有的醋酸纤维素和聚丙烯纤维原料的可生物降解材料, 制造出 可降解的香烟过滤嘴纤维, 减少在环境保护方面降低香烟生产所带来的 危害, 是香烟生产行业急需解决的问题。 香烟过滤嘴用纤维的生产工艺主要包括对原料实施熔融纺丝制成烟 用纤维, 原料的可纺性能, SP, 是否容易纺成适合烟用的细旦纤维, 以 及纤维丝束的牵伸性能和粘合效果, 最终都将影响滤棒和滤嘴的综合性 能。 醋酸纤维素纤维就是由于这些性质的优异, 才被选择成为香烟过滤 嘴的主要加工原料。 在寻找其替代材料时, 既具有生物降解性, 还必须 满足过滤嘴棒加工要求, 是缺一不可的二个条件。
聚丁二酸丁二醇酯(PBS)是一种可生物降解的聚合物, 它可以在细 菌或酶的作用下最终降解为二氧化碳和水等物质, 所以目前开始在塑料 领域使用, 以缓解传统塑料对环境造成的污染。 根据目前的研究和报道, PBS 塑料可制备膜类包装材料, 例如可降解塑料袋、 一次性餐具的片材 原料等; PBS塑料还可以在农用地膜方面以及一些日用杂品方面应用。
由于香烟过滤嘴用纤维的特殊要求, 有关 PBS在香烟过滤嘴纤维加 工中的应用还没有记载。 发明内容
本发明主要解决的技术问题在于提供一种可生物降解的烟用纤维, 其可作为香烟过滤嘴专用纤维丝束, 所用原料主要为聚丁二酸丁二醇酯 高分子聚合物, 所提供的香烟过滤嘴纤维完全适宜制备通用的香烟过滤 嘴棒, 而使用该纤维制备的过滤嘴丢弃后可被环境中微生物分解, 利于 对环境的保护。
本发明还提供了制造上述可生物降解的烟用纤维的方法, 针对聚丁 二酸丁二醇酯的性质, 摸索和提出了对制造工艺的条件和参数的确定, 确保所制造的香烟过滤嘴专用纤维满足香烟过滤嘴棒的制备要求和使用 性能标准。
本发明提供了一种可生物降解的烟用纤维, 其原料组成包括 90-100wt%的聚丁二酸丁二醇酯 (PBS) 聚合物和 0-10wt%的稳定剂, 所 述聚丁二醇丁二酸酯聚合物为分子链中丁二酸丁二醇酯链节的量不少于 该聚合物总链节数的 70%的高分子聚合物, 且其重均分子量为 5-35万, 分散指数 1.2-3.0, 该烟用纤维是所述原料经熔融纺丝工艺加工而成。
如前面所述, 聚丁二酸丁二醇酯是一种可生物降解的高分子聚合物 材料, 目前更多地是被用于日用塑料制品, 本案申请人则发现利用 PBS 为基本原料, 对加工工艺进行适当调整和改变, 可以生产出香烟滤嘴专 用纤维, 该过滤嘴在丢弃后能尽快被降解, 应用在香烟行业, 对于保护 环境将产生更显著的社会效益。
结合烟用纤维的特定技术要求, 发明人的研究结果显示, 本发明的 烟用纤维和过滤嘴原料可以采用丁二酸丁二醇酯的纯均聚产物, 也可以 使用聚合物分子链中适当存在其它聚合链节 (本发明称其为共聚链节) 的共聚物, 以利于提高原料的加工性能和最终过滤嘴棒产品的相关指标。 具体地, 该聚合物原料含有其他单体聚合链节时, 所述聚丁二醇丁二酸 酯聚合物的分子链中丁二酸丁二醇酯链节的量不少于该聚合物总链节数 的 70%, 其余为非丁二酸丁二醇酯链节的二元酸二元醇聚合链节。
根据本发明的具体方案, 当所述聚丁二酸丁二醇酯聚合物分子链含 有除丁二酸丁二醇酯以外的二元酸二元醇共聚链节时, 这些共聚链节的 聚合单体优选为二元酸和 /或二元醇, 二元酸选自 C2-C12 的脂肪族二元 酸、多芳环二元酸或它们的混合物; 二元醇选自 C2-C12的脂肪族二元醇 或它们的混合物。 作为非限制性示例, 所述二元酸包括乙二酸、 1,2—丙 二酸、 1,3—丙二酸、 戊二酸、 己二酸、 壬二酸、 癸二酸、 十一碳二元酸、 十二碳二元酸、 富马酸、 马来酸、 萘二甲酸等或其混合物; 所述二元醇 包括乙二醇、 丙二醇、 戊二醇、 己二醇、 癸二醇等或其混合物。 由于这 些二元酸和 /或二元醇单体的引入, 在上述聚丁二酸丁二醇酯聚合物分子 链中包含了除丁二酸丁二醇酯外的二元酸二元醇聚合链节, 可以理解, 这些聚合链节是来自体系中二元酸与二元醇形成的聚合酯链节。 更优选地, 引入共聚链节的二元酸单体可选自乙二酸、 丙二酸、 己 二酸、 富马酸等或它们中一种以上的混合物, 二元醇单体可选自乙二醇、 丙二醇或己二醇等或它们中一种以上的混合物。
本发明提供的烟用纤维 (丝束) 所利用的原料中, 除上述纯均聚或 含有共聚链节的 PBS聚合物材料外, 还可以添加适当的稳定剂, 所述的 稳定剂是指那些能提高过滤嘴棒中聚丁二酸丁二醇酯聚合物原料在加 工、 储存和使用过程中稳定性的物质, 且应为食品添加剂级的稳定剂, 包括但不限于热稳定剂、 光稳定剂和抑酸剂, 可以包括磷酸、 亚磷酸、 次亚磷酸、 焦磷酸、 磷酸铵、 磷酸三甲酯、 磷酸二甲酯、 磷酸三苯酯、 磷酸二苯酯、 亚磷酸三苯酯、 亚磷酸二苯酯、 亚磷酸铵、 磷酸二氢铵、 抗氧剂 1010 (四 [亚甲基 3- (3',5'-二叔丁基 -4-羟苯基)丙酸酯]甲垸)、 抗 氧剂 1222 (3,5-二叔丁基 -4-羟苯基磷酸二乙酯)、 抗氧剂 1076 (β- (3,5- 二叔丁基 -4-羟基苯基)丙酸正十八碳醇酯)、抗氧剂 1425 (双 (3,5-二叔丁 基 -4-羟基苄基磷酸单乙酯)钙)、长链含磷硫化合物 H_MOD、环氧聚丁 二烯、环氧亚麻子油、环氧大豆油、 1,2-环氧基 -3-苯氧基丙垸、氢氧化镁、 氢氧化铝、 氧化钙、 氨基树脂等或它们的任意混合物。 优选采用的稳定 剂为磷酸三甲酯、磷酸三苯酯、亚磷酸三苯酯、抗氧剂 1010、抗氧剂 1076、 H— MOD、环氧亚麻子油、环氧大豆油、 1,2-环氧基 -3-苯氧基丙垸、氢氧 化镁、 氨基树脂等或它们的任意混合物。
上述用于制造烟用纤维 (丝束) 的原料均可按照公知的方法制备或 商购得到。例如, 中国发明专利 01144133.X中公开了一种利用丁二酸和 丁二醇为单体原料, 聚合制备聚丁二酸丁二醇酯(PBS)的方法, 中国专 利申请 200710049370.4中也公开了一种制备高分子量 PBS的方法, 按照 这些现有技术的方法制备得到的聚丁二酸丁二醇酯聚合物均可满足本发 明原料要求, 在此将上述公开内容并入本发明。 对于含有所述二元酸二 元醇聚合链节的 PBS聚合物原料, 也可以通过聚合反应、 扩链反应等化 学过程实现非常方便地制备得到。 例如按照以上文献记载的方法, 在丁 二酸与丁二醇的缩合聚合反应体系中加入确定比例的选定二元酸和 /或二 元醇, 聚合即可使聚合产物中含有所要求比例的聚合物链节。 从利于控 制作为烟用纤维丝束的降解速度和加工性能, 优选采用的 PBS聚合物原 料中单体丁二酸的残留量低于 80ppm。
发明人的研究结果显示, 满足以上定义的聚丁二酸丁二醇酯聚合物 具有良好的成型加工性能, 因而在目前对聚丙烯纤维的类似纺丝工艺基 础上调整即可制造满足香烟过滤嘴标准的可生物降解的烟用纤维丝束。 制造工艺基本上可以包括以下过程:
将原料进行熔融纺丝成为丝束;
对所述丝束用牵引机实施卷绕处理;
对卷绕处理后的丝束实施牵伸、 卷曲和干燥定型。
制造本发明的可生物降解的烟用纤维丝束的方法具体可以包括如下 将原料进行熔融纺丝, 设定纺丝机的螺杆温度 130°C-230°C, 使挤出 物料流经过滤器、 箱体、 计量泵和直管后, 通过喷丝板喷丝, 该过程中可 控制过滤器温度 140°C-250°C, 箱体温度 140°C-250°C, 直管温度 140°C-250°C , 然后对喷出的丝以干燥空气冷却, 冷却温度为 0°C-50°C ; 冷却后的丝束经涂覆油剂, 进行慢牵引机绕卷、 蒸汽箱牵引、 快牵 引机绕卷以及皮带输送机的卷绕牵引, 油剂为浓度 0.8%-1%纤维表面处 理剂 (例如: 聚乙二醇、 乙醇胺甲酯、 壬基酚类表面活性剂等) 的水溶 液, 慢牵引机的辊卷绕速度 200-1500m/min, 快牵引机的辊转速 400-2500r/min, 频率 25-50HZ, 皮带输送机喂入轮速度 200-1500 r/min, 频率为 30-60HZ;
将从皮带输送机牵引出来的丝束在水温为 40°C-85°C, 优选 60-80°C 的水槽中水浴牵伸, 然后经卷曲和干燥定型, 得到的丝束即为所述可生 物降解的烟用纤维材料。
如前面所述, 为了提高过滤嘴棒中聚丁二酸丁二醇酯聚合物原料在 加工、 储存和使用过程中的稳定性, 在制造丝束的原料组成中还可以包 括适量的稳定剂, 利用该混合原料纺丝前, 还需要先实施混料制粒, 即, 所述聚丁二酸丁二醇酯聚合物含量为≥90^%但< 100wt%,稳定剂含量 > (HS≤10wt%时, 所述制造方法还包括:
在熔融纺丝工序前, 将聚丁二酸丁二醇酯聚合物和稳定剂干燥后混 合均匀, 在挤出机上进行挤出制粒用于熔融纺丝, 挤出机螺筒温度为 120-190°C。 实际操作中要求原料的含水率低于 2wt%。, 通常可以在 50-85°C、更优选在 60-75°C的环境中干燥 2-3小时即可达到要求。挤出机 螺筒温度可控制为 120-170°C。 一般可使用双螺杆挤出机, 根据物料的熔 融特性在上述温度范围内分段设定合适的螺筒温度, 实现制粒, 以提供 制造香烟过滤嘴棒的专用料。
根据所采用的 PBS或其共聚酯原料的性质, 本发明有针对性地确定 了制造烟用纤维的方法, 更具体方案可以为:
熔融纺丝工序中, 挤出机螺杆温度 130-210°C ; 对喷出丝的冷却温度 为 10-50°C ;
卷绕牵引工艺中, 各参数的设定可以在以上范围内根据物料的具体 性质以及设备运转情况进行调整, 例如, 慢牵引机的辊卷绕速度 400-900 m/min; 快牵引机的辊转速为 1000-2000 r/min, 频率为 35-40HZ; 皮带输 送机喂入轮速度为 500-1000 r/min, 频率为 38-42HZ。
上述混料制粒、 纺丝及卷绕牵伸的具体操作和设备以及没有特别说 明的处理剂均为烟用纤维生产中的公知和常规技术。
本发明提供的上述可生物降解的烟用纤维丝束可进一步被加工制造 成烟用香烟过滤嘴棒以及香烟。
本发明利用聚丁二酸丁二醇酯聚合物材料制造提供的烟用过滤嘴棒 专用纤维具有良好的生物降解性能, 良好的吸附性和稳定的卷曲度, 在 正常的储存和运输条件下可以保证在 3年内力学、 外观等方面性能基本 没有变化, 完全符合制备香烟滤嘴要求。 该烟用纤维在垃圾等富含微生 物环境时三个月内降解率可超过 70%, 六个月内可完全降解。
本发明的香烟嘴棒专用纤维较现有嘴棒用纤维具有显著优点:
1 具有生物降解性能, 更加环保;
2 原料来源广泛, 既可采用传统的化石基资源, 又可采用生物质通 过生物技术得到, 既避免了醋酸纤维素嘴棒依赖木浆的资源问题, 又可 真正实现源自自然 (生物质) 又回归自然 (降解) 的绿色生产。 综上所述, 本发明采用 PBS或其共聚酯为原料制造的烟用过滤嘴棒 专用纤维在质量和性质上均能达到制备烟用嘴棒的行业标准, 可用于香 烟生产中, 使用后的废弃过滤嘴能实现完全生物降解, 与目前的醋酸纤 维嘴棒相比, 从环保角度具有不可比拟的优势; 另一方面, 本发明提供 的可生物降解纤维利用的 PBS或其共聚酯原料可以通过化学方法合成制 备, 原料来源丰富, 不再需要进口优质木材, 更利于工业化生产。 所以, 本发明的实施完全可以取代目前使用的醋酸纤维和聚丙烯纤维, 同时具 有非常广阔的经济效益和社会效益。 具体实施方案
以下通过具体实施例进一步详细说明本发明的实施过程以及所产生 的有益效果, 以帮助阅读者更好地理解本发明, 但不能对本发明的可实 施范围构成任何限定。
除特别说明外, 本发明权利要求书和说明书中出现的比例或浓度均 理解为重量比或以重量为基准的百分浓度, 以下实施例中所用稳定剂均 为食品添加剂级。 实施例 1
选取重均分子量为 15±1万, 分散指数为 1.7, 聚合物中丁二酸残留 量为 60ppm的均聚丁二酸丁二醇酯(PBS)为基材树脂, 按 PBS : 亚磷 酸三苯酯 : 环氧大豆油 : 氨基树脂为 97 : 0.5 : 1.5 : 1 的重量份比 例称取材料, 在 65°C左右的烘箱中烘干 2小时后, 在高速搅拌机中搅拌 均匀,在长径比为 32的 Φ57双螺杆挤出机上挤出,螺筒温度设定第一段 为 120°C, 第二段为 140°C, 第三段为 150°C, 第四段为 150°C, 第五段 为 145°C。挤出料条用切粒机切粒, 在线热风干燥, 包装, 得到的本发明 烟嘴棒用专用料。
将上述烟嘴棒用专用料在螺杆长径比为 28的 Φ65熔融纺丝机上进行 纺丝, 纺丝机挤出螺杆的第一段温度设定为 140 °C, 第二段为 155°C, 第 三段为 165°C, 过滤器温度 165°C, 箱体温度 165°C, 直管温度 165°C, 从规格为 1050x3的喷丝板喷出后用温度范围为(15±5) °C的干燥空气侧 吹风冷却。
上述冷却后的丝束在上油槽中涂覆油剂, 上油槽中的油剂为以下组 成纤维表面处理剂水溶液:聚乙二醇 1700浓度为 0.2%,三乙醇胺硫酸二 甲酯浓度为 0.15%, 壬基酚聚环氧乙垸浓度为 0.1%。 经过上油槽后丝束 通过慢牵引机绕卷, 辊卷绕速度为 800 m/min。然后通过牵引蒸汽箱, 进 入快牵引机绕卷, 快牵引辊转速 1500 r/min, 频率 38HZ, 然后通过皮带 输送机输送, 皮带输送机喂入轮速度 800r/min, 频率为 40HZ。
从皮带输送机牵引出来的丝束用多辊牵伸机牵伸, 牵伸介质为水, 水温为 65°C。 牵伸后丝束在卷曲器中进行卷曲, 卷曲数为 24个 /25mm, 卷曲后的丝束通过蒸气干燥器干燥。
干燥后的丝束通过摆丝机在盛丝容器中摆放好, 打包即得到本发明 的可生物降解的烟用纤维。
降解实验显示, 以上方法得到的纤维具有良好的生物降解性能, 按 照 ISO 14855要求完全达到降解标准要求, 90天降解率达到 93%。 材料 生物安全性和卷曲度符合烟用嘴棒制备要求。 实施例 2
选取重均分子量为 (10±1 )万, 分散指数为 1.2, 聚合物中丁二酸残 留量为 80ppm, 且分子链上含有 18% (链节数) 随机分布的 2,6-萘二甲 酸丁二醇酯链节的共聚聚丁二酸丁二醇酯 (PBS) 为基材树脂, 按共聚 PBS :磷酸三甲酯 :长链含磷硫化合物 H— MOD的重量份比例为 94 : 1 : 5的比例称取材料, 在 60°C烘箱中烘干 3小时后, 在高速搅拌机中 搅拌均匀,在长径比为 28的 Φ65双螺杆挤出机上挤出制粒,螺筒温度设 定第一段为 125°C, 第二段为 145°C, 第三段为 155°C, 第四段为 155°C, 第五段为 145°C。挤出料条用切粒机切粒, 在线热风干燥, 包装, 得到的 本发明烟嘴棒用专用料。
将上述烟嘴棒用专用料在螺杆长径比为 28的 Φ65熔融纺丝机上进行 纺丝,对纺丝机的挤出螺杆温度,第一段设定为 145°C,第二段为 160°C, 第三段为 165°C, 过滤器温度 165°C, 箱体温度 165°C, 直管温度 165°C。 从规格为 1050x3 的喷丝板喷出后用温度范围为 20〜30°C的干燥空气侧 吹风冷却。
上述冷却的丝束在上油槽中涂覆油剂, 上油槽中的油剂为以下组成 的纤维表面处理剂水溶液:聚乙二醇 1700浓度为 0.2%,三乙醇胺硫酸二 甲酯浓度为 0.15%, 壬基酚聚环氧乙垸浓度为 0.1%。 使经过上油槽涂覆 油剂后的丝束通过慢牵引机绕卷,辊卷绕速度为 1000m/min,然后通过牵 引蒸汽箱, 进入快牵引机绕卷, 快牵引辊转速 1800 r/min, 频率 40HZ, 然后通过皮带输送机输送, 皮带输送机喂入轮速度 1000r/min, 频率为 40HZ。从皮带输送机牵引出来的丝束用多辊牵伸机牵伸,牵伸介质为水, 水温为 75°C。 牵伸后丝束在卷曲器中进行卷曲, 卷曲数为 25个 /25mm, 卷曲后的丝束通过蒸气干燥器干燥。
干燥后通过摆丝机将丝束在盛丝容器中摆放好, 打包即得到本发明 的可生物降解烟用纤维。
本实施例所采用的共聚 PBS基材树脂可以参照 CN 01144133.X中记 载的方法合成, 在丁二酸与丁二醇的反应体系中加入指定量 2,6-萘二甲 酸, 使其中 2,6-萘二甲酸占体系二元酸总量的摩尔比为 18%, 然后进行 聚合反应, 得到所要求的共聚物。
上述纤维具有良好的生物降解性能,按照 ISO 14855要求完全达到降 解标准要求, 90天降解率达到 87%。 材料生物安全性和卷曲度符合烟用 嘴棒制备要求。 实施例 3
选取重均分子量为 35万, 分散指数为 3.0, 聚合物中丁二酸残留量 为 45ppm, 且其分子链上含有 30% (链节数) 随机分布的丁二酸己二醇 酯链节的共聚聚丁二酸丁二醇酯(PBS)为基材树脂为基材树脂,在 60 °C 烘箱中烘干 3小时后,在螺杆长径比为 28的 Φ65熔融纺丝机上进行纺丝, 对纺丝机螺杆温度设定, 第一段为 130°C, 第二段为 145°C, 第三段为 155°C, 过滤器温度 155°C, 箱体温度 155°C, 直管温度 155°C。 从规格为 1050x3的喷丝板喷出后用温度范围为 20〜40°C的干燥空气侧吹风冷却。
上述冷却后的丝束在上油槽中涂覆油剂, 上油槽中的油剂为以下组 成的纤维表面处理剂水溶液:聚乙二醇 1700浓度为 0.6%,三乙醇胺硫酸 二甲酯浓度为 0.2%, 壬基酚聚环氧乙垸浓度为 0.2%。使经过上油槽后涂 覆油剂后的丝束通过慢牵引机绕卷,辊卷绕速度为 1500m/min。然后通过 牵引蒸汽箱, 进入快牵引机绕卷, 快牵引辊转速 2500r/min, 频率 50HZ, 然后通过皮带输送机输送, 皮带输送机喂入轮速度 1500r/min, 频率为 60HZ。 从皮带输送机牵引出来的丝束用多辊牵伸机牵伸, 牵伸介质为水, 水温为 40°C。 牵伸后丝束在卷曲器中进行卷曲, 卷曲数为 22个 /25mm, 卷曲后的丝束通过蒸气干燥器干燥。
干燥后通过摆丝机将丝束在盛丝容器中摆放好, 打包即得到本发明 的可生物降解的烟用纤维。
本实施例所采用的共聚 PBS基材树脂可以参照 CN 01144133.X中记 载的方法合成, 在丁二酸与丁二醇的反应体系中加入指定量的己二醇, 使己二醇占体系中二元醇总量的摩尔比 30%, 然后进行聚合反应, 得到 所要求的共聚物。
上述纤维具有良好的生物降解性能,按照 ISO 14855要求完全达到降 解标准要求, 90天降解率达到 98%。 材料生物安全性和卷曲度符合烟用 嘴棒制备要求。 实施例 4
选取重均分子量为 5万, 分散指数为 2.4, 聚合物中丁二酸残留量为 50ppm,且分子链上含有 10% (链节数)随机分布的含己二酸的酯链节和 10% (链节数) 随机分布的含乙二醇的酯链节的共聚聚丁二酸丁二醇酯 (PBS) 为基材树脂为基材树脂, 按共聚 PBS : 1010 : 1076 : 氢氧化 镁为 90 : 0.1 : 0.2 : 9.7的重量份比例称取材料, 在 75°C烘箱中烘干 2 小时后,在高速搅拌机中搅拌均匀,在长径比为 36的 Φ60双螺杆挤出机 上挤出制粒, 螺筒温度的设定为第一段 140°C, 第二段为 160°C, 第三段 为 165°C, 第四段为 165°C, 第五段为 155°C, 挤出料条用切粒机切粒, 在线热风干燥, 包装, 得到的本发明烟嘴棒用专用料。
将上述烟嘴棒用专用料在螺杆长径比为 28的 Φ60熔融纺丝机上进行 纺丝, 纺丝机的螺杆温度设定为第一段 170°C, 第二段为 185°C, 第三段 为 195°C, 过滤器温度 185°C, 箱体温度 185°C, 直管温度 185°C。 从规 格为 1250x1 的喷丝板喷出后用温度范围为 30〜50°C的干燥空气侧吹风 冷却。
上述冷却后的丝束在上油槽中涂覆油剂, 上油槽中油剂为以下组成 的纤维表面处理剂水溶液:聚乙二醇 1700浓度为 0.8%,三乙醇胺硫酸二 甲酯浓度为 0.1%, 壬基酚聚环氧乙垸浓度为 0.1%。经过上油槽后丝束通 过慢牵引机绕卷, 辊卷绕速度为 200 m/min。 然后通过牵引蒸汽箱, 进入 快牵引机绕卷, 快牵引辊转速 400 r/min, 频率 25HZ, 然后通过皮带输送 机输送, 皮带输送机喂入轮速度 200r/min, 频率为 30HZ。
从皮带输送机牵引出来的丝束用多辊牵伸机牵伸, 牵伸介质为水, 水温为 85°C。 牵伸后丝束在卷曲器中进行卷曲, 卷曲数为 25个 /25mm, 卷曲后的丝束通过蒸气干燥器干燥。
干燥后通过摆丝机将丝束在盛丝容器中摆放好, 打包即得到本发明 的可生物降解烟用纤维。
本实施例所采用的共聚 PBS基材树脂可以参照 CN 01144133.X中记 载的方法合成, 在丁二酸与丁二醇的反应体系中分别加入己二酸和乙二 醇, 其中己二酸占体系中二元酸总量的摩尔比 10%, 乙二醇占体系中二 元醇总量的摩尔比 10%, 然后进行聚合反应, 得到所要求的共聚物。
上述纤维具有良好的生物降解性能,按照 ISO 14855要求完全达到降 解标准要求, 90天降解率达到 95%。 材料生物安全性和卷曲度符合烟用 嘴棒制备要求。 实施例 5
选取重均分子量为 (25±2)万, 分散指数为 1.4, 聚合物中丁二酸残 留量为 75ppm, 且分子链上含有 15% (链节数) 随机分布的丁二酸 1,3— 丙二醇酯链节的共聚聚丁二酸丁二醇酯 (PBS) 为基材树脂, 按照共聚 PBS : 次亚磷酸 : 1,2-环氧基 -3-苯氧基丙垸 : 氢氧化四乙铵的重量份 比例为 95 : 0.5 : 4 : 0.5的比例称取材料, 在 60°C烘箱中烘干 3小时 后,在高速搅拌机中搅拌均匀,在长径比为 28的 Φ35双螺杆挤出机上挤 出制粒,螺筒温度设定第一段为 130°C,第二段为 150°C,第三段为 160 °C, 第四段为 160°C, 第五段为 155°C。 挤出料条用切粒机切粒, 在线热风干 燥, 包装, 得到的本发明烟嘴棒用专用料。
将上述烟嘴棒用专用料在螺杆长径比为 28的 Φ60熔融纺丝机上进行 纺丝, 纺丝机螺杆温度设定为第一段为 160°C, 第二段为 175°C, 第三段 为 185°C, 过滤器温度 175°C, 箱体温度 175°C, 直管温度 175°C。 从规 格为 2210x4的喷丝板喷出后用温度范围为(15±5) °C的干燥空气侧吹风 冷却。
上述冷却后的丝束在上油槽中涂覆油剂, 上油槽中油剂为以下组成 的纤维表面处理剂水溶液:聚乙二醇 1500浓度为 0.2%,三乙醇胺硫酸二 甲酯浓度为 0.15%, 壬基酚聚环氧乙垸浓度为 0.1%。 经过上油槽后的丝 束通过慢牵引机绕卷, 辊卷绕速度为 700 m/min。 然后通过牵引蒸汽箱, 进入快牵引机绕卷, 快牵引辊转速 1200 r/min, 频率 38HZ, 然后通过皮 带输送机输送, 皮带输送机喂入轮速度 700r/min, 频率为 40HZ。
从皮带输送机牵引出来的丝束用多辊牵伸机牵伸, 牵伸介质为水, 水温为 65°C。 牵伸后丝束在卷曲器中进行卷曲, 卷曲数为 24个 /25mm, 卷曲后的丝束通过蒸气干燥器干燥。
干燥后通过摆丝机将丝束在盛丝容器中摆放好, 打包即得到本发明 的可生物降解烟用纤维。
上述纤维具有良好的生物降解性能,按照 ISO 14855要求完全达到降 解标准要求, 90天降解率达到 89%。 该材料生物安全性和卷曲度符合烟 用嘴棒制备要求。
本实施例所采用的共聚 PBS基材树脂可以参照 CN 01144133.X中记 载的方法合成,在丁二酸与丁二醇的反应体系中加入 1,3—丙二醇,使 1,3 一丙二醇的量在体系的总二元醇中的摩尔比 15%, 然后进行聚合反应, 得到所要求的共聚物。 实施例 6
选取重均分子量为 (12±1 )万, 分散指数为 1.8, 聚合物中丁二酸残 留量为 60ppm, 且分子链上含有 10% (链节数) 随机分布的丁二酸乙二 醇酯链节的共聚聚丁二酸丁二醇酯 (PBS) 为基材树脂, 按共聚 PBS : 磷酸三苯酯 : 环氧聚丁二烯 : 氧化钙的重量份比例为 94 : 2 : 3 : 1 的比例称取材料,在 70°C烘箱中烘干 2小时后, 以高速搅拌机搅拌均匀, 在长径比为 38的 Φ60双螺杆挤出机上挤出制粒,螺筒温度设定第一段为 140°C, 第二段为 160°C, 第三段为 170°C, 第四段为 170°C, 第五段为 165°C。 挤出料条用切粒机切粒, 在线热风干燥, 包装, 得到的本发明烟 嘴棒用专用料。
将上述烟嘴棒用专用料在螺杆长径比为 28的 Φ65熔融纺丝机上进行 纺丝, 纺丝机螺杆温度设定情况第一段为 170°C, 第二段为 185°C, 第三 段为 190°C, 过滤器温度 185°C, 箱体温度 185°C, 直管温度 185°C。 从 规格为 1050x3的喷丝板喷出后用温度范围为(25±5)!的干燥空气侧吹 风冷却。
上述冷却后的丝束在上油槽中涂覆油剂, 上油槽中油剂为以下组成 的纤维表面处理剂水溶液为:聚乙二醇 1700浓度为 0.2%,三乙醇胺硫酸 二甲酯浓度为 0.15%, 壬基酚聚环氧乙垸浓度为 0.1%。 经过上油槽后丝 束通过慢牵引机绕卷, 辊卷绕速度为 800 m/min。 然后通过牵引蒸汽箱, 进入快牵引机绕卷, 快牵引辊转速 1500r/min, 频率 38HZ, 然后通过皮 带输送机输送, 皮带输送机喂入轮速度 800r/min, 频率为 40HZ。
从皮带输送机牵引出来的丝束用多辊牵伸机牵伸, 牵伸介质为水, 水温为 65°C。 牵伸后丝束在卷曲器中进行卷曲, 卷曲数为 24个 /25mm, 卷曲后的丝束通过蒸气干燥器干燥。
干燥后通过摆丝机将丝束在盛丝容器中摆放好, 打包即得到本发明 的可生物降解烟用纤维。
上述纤维具有良好的生物降解性能,按照 ISO 14855要求完全达到降 解标准要求, 90天降解率达到 90%。 材料生物安全性和卷曲度符合烟用 嘴棒制备要求。
本实施例所采用的共聚 PBS基材树脂可参照 CN 01144133.X中记载 的方法合成, 在丁二酸与丁二醇的反应体系中加入乙二醇, 其中乙二醇 占体系中总二元醇的摩尔比 10%, 然后进行聚合反应, 得到所要求的共 聚物。

Claims

权利要求书
1、 一种可生物降解的烟用纤维, 其原料组成包括 90-100wt%的聚丁 二酸丁二醇酯聚合物和 0-10wt%的稳定剂, 所述聚丁二醇丁二酸酯聚合 物为分子链中丁二酸丁二醇酯链节的量不少于该聚合物总链节数的 70% 的高分子聚合物, 且其重均分子量为 5-35万, 分散指数 1.2-3.0, 该烟用 纤维是所述原料经熔融纺丝工艺加工而成。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的可生物降解的烟用纤维, 其中, 所述聚丁二 醇丁二酸酯聚合物的分子链中, 丁二酸丁二醇酯链节的量不少于该聚合 物总链节数的 70%, 其余为非丁二酸丁二醇酯链节的二元酸二元醇聚合 链节。
3、 如权利要求 2所述的可生物降解的烟用纤维, 其中, 所述二元酸 选自 C2-C12的脂肪族二元酸、多芳环二元酸或它们的混合物; 二元醇选 自 C2-C12的脂肪族二元醇或它们的混合物。
4、 如权利要求 3所述的可生物降解的烟用纤维, 其中, 所述二元酸 选自乙二酸、 1,2—丙二酸、 1,3—丙二酸、 戊二酸、 己二酸、 壬二酸、 癸 二酸、 十一碳二元酸、 十二碳二元酸、 富马酸、 马来酸、 萘二甲酸或其 混合物; 所述二元醇选自乙二醇、 丙二醇、 戊二醇、 己二醇、 癸二醇或 其混合物。
5、 如权利要求 4所述的可生物降解的烟用纤维, 其中, 所述二元酸 选自乙二酸、 丙二酸、 己二酸、 富马酸, 或它们中一种以上的混合物, 二元醇选自乙二醇、 丙二醇或己二醇, 或它们中一种以上的混合物。
6、 如权利要求 1所述的可生物降解的烟用纤维, 其中, 所述稳定剂 包括磷酸、 亚磷酸、 次亚磷酸、 焦磷酸、 磷酸铵、 磷酸三甲酯、 磷酸二 甲酯、 磷酸三苯酯、 磷酸二苯酯、 亚磷酸三苯酯、 亚磷酸二苯酯、 亚磷 酸铵、 磷酸二氢铵、 抗氧剂 1010、 抗氧剂 1222、 抗氧剂 1076、 抗氧剂 1425、 长链含磷硫化合物 H_MOD、 环氧聚丁二烯、 环氧亚麻子油、 环 氧大豆油、 1,2—环氧基一 3—苯氧基丙垸、氢氧化镁、氢氧化铝、氧化钙、 氨基树脂或它们的任意混合物。
7、 如权利要求 6所述的可生物降解的烟用纤维, 其中, 所述稳定剂 包括磷酸三甲酯、 磷酸三苯酯、 亚磷酸三苯酯、 1010、 1076、 H— MOD、 环氧亚麻子油、 环氧大豆油、 1,2—环氧基一 3—苯氧基丙垸、 氢氧化镁、 氨基树脂或它们的任意混合物。
8、 如权利要求 1-7所述的可生物降解的烟用纤维的制造方法, 该方 法包括:
将原料进行熔融纺丝成为丝束;
对所述丝束用牵引机实施卷绕处理;
对卷绕处理后的丝束实施牵伸、 卷曲和干燥定型。
9、 如权利要求 8所述的可生物降解的烟用纤维的制造方法, 其中, 原料组成中,聚丁二酸丁二醇酯聚合物含量为≥90wt°/ S< 100wt%, 稳定 剂含量 >(Hg≤10wt%, 所述制造方法还包括:
将聚丁二酸丁二醇酯聚合物和稳定剂干燥后混合均匀, 进行挤出制 粒用于熔融纺丝, 挤出机螺筒温度为 120-190°C。
10、 如权利要求 8或 9所述的可生物降解的烟用纤维的制造方法, 该方法包括如下步骤:
熔融纺丝工序中设定纺丝机的螺杆温度 130°C-230°C,使挤出物料流 经过滤器、 箱体、 计量泵和直管后, 通过喷丝板喷丝, 该过程中控制过 滤器温度 140°C-250°C, 箱体温度 140°C-250°C, 直管温度 140°C-250°C, 然后对喷出的丝以干燥空气冷却, 冷却温度为 0°C-50°C ;
冷却后的丝束经涂覆油剂, 然后进行慢牵引机绕卷、 蒸汽箱牵引、 快牵引机绕卷以及皮带输送机的卷绕牵引, 油剂浓度为 0.8%-1%的纤维 表面处理剂的水溶液, 慢牵引机的辊卷绕速度 200-1500m/min, 快牵引 机的辊转速 400-2500r/min, 频率 25-50HZ , 皮带输送机喂入轮速度 200-1500 r/min, 频率为 30-60HZ;
将从皮带输送机牵引出来的丝束在水温为 40°C-85°C的水槽中水浴 牵伸, 然后经卷曲和干燥定型, 得到的丝束即为所述可生物降解的烟用 纤维。
11、 如权利要求 9所述的可生物降解的烟用纤维的制造方法, 其中, 挤出机螺筒温度为 120— 170°C。
12、 如权利要求 10所述的可生物降解的烟用纤维的制造方法, 所述 的熔融纺丝工序中, 挤出机螺杆温度 130-210°C ; 对喷出丝的冷却温度为 10-50°C。
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