WO2014173055A1 - 完全可生物降解聚丁二酸丁二醇酯长丝及其制备方法 - Google Patents

完全可生物降解聚丁二酸丁二醇酯长丝及其制备方法 Download PDF

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WO2014173055A1
WO2014173055A1 PCT/CN2013/082604 CN2013082604W WO2014173055A1 WO 2014173055 A1 WO2014173055 A1 WO 2014173055A1 CN 2013082604 W CN2013082604 W CN 2013082604W WO 2014173055 A1 WO2014173055 A1 WO 2014173055A1
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pbs
filament
polybutylene succinate
spinning
preparation
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PCT/CN2013/082604
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
徐双喜
杨国军
陈跃平
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绍兴九洲化纤有限公司
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Priority claimed from CN201310146352.3A external-priority patent/CN103243409B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201310146280.2A external-priority patent/CN104120502B/zh
Application filed by 绍兴九洲化纤有限公司 filed Critical 绍兴九洲化纤有限公司
Publication of WO2014173055A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014173055A1/zh

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    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01FCHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F6/00Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F6/58Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products
    • D01F6/62Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products from polyesters
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01DMECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/12Stretch-spinning methods

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of fiber technology, in particular to a fully biodegradable polybutylene succinate filament and a preparation method thereof.
  • Completely biodegradable plastic is a polymer material that retains the same level of functionality as existing plastics, and can be decomposed into inorganic materials such as water and carbon dioxide by using microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, and algae in nature to prevent environmental damage.
  • the pollution plays a role in protecting the soil and the environment, so it is called 'green plastic'.
  • Complete biodegradable plastics can be divided into microbial synthetic degradation plastics, natural product degradation plastics and chemical synthetic degradation plastics from the composition and preparation methods of raw materials.
  • Chemically synthesized degradable plastics can be classified into aliphatic polyesters and aromatic polyesters. At present, aliphatic polyester is the most promising polymer material in biodegradable materials. Aliphatic polyester, PBS The best comprehensive performance, reasonable price, is the leader in biodegradable materials. And the raw materials for synthesizing PBS l , 4 succinic acid and l , 4 Butanediol can be obtained not only by petrochemical route, but also by coal chemical route or biological fermentation route, which is more environmentally friendly and economical. In recent years, research on PBS-based degradation plastics has been active at home and abroad, but There are very few reports of 100% PBS for fiber preparation.
  • the company also invented a composite long line of concentric three-layer structure in which PBS and ethylene succinate copolymer, polybutylene adipate or polysebacate were spun in different ratios. Melt spun fiber has excellent physical properties, And it can be completely degraded.
  • hydrophilic bonding fiber like Kimberly - Clark Global has developed a hydrophilic bonding fiber.
  • Such fibers can be made by co-spinning a polyolefin core material with a highly wettable aliphatic polyester blend sheath material.
  • Composition of highly wettable aliphatic polyester blends including PBS , succinic acid - A butylene adipate copolymer, a polycaprolactone polymer, a mixture of these polymers or a copolymer of these polymers, a polycarboxylic acid, a wetting agent and the like.
  • the hydrophilic binder fiber has a remarkable improvement in biodegradability and is easy to process.
  • the disposable absorbent article made of the hydrophilic bonding fiber can be used for absorbing a body fluid or the like Body.
  • a method for preparing a polybutylene succinate fiber is disclosed, and the ratio of the microcapsules of the spinning raw material polybutylene succinate and the spinning raw material phase change material is (88 to 100). : (12 ⁇ 0)
  • the total mass of the spinning processing additive and the polybutylene succinate and the phase change material microcapsules are mixed according to the mass ratio (0.1 to 0.5): 100; 500 to 800 m/min Spinning speed melt spinning; drawing, heat setting, that is, obtaining polybutylene succinate fiber.
  • the invention provides a fully biodegradable polybutylene succinate filament and a preparation method thereof, wherein the filament component is 100% Polybutylene succinate, completely degradable.
  • the above fully biodegradable polybutylene succinate filaments can be obtained by the following preparation methods, and specifically include:
  • Spinning temperature biphenyl 160 °C ⁇ 270 °C, screw temperature 135 °C ⁇ 270 °C; spinning speed: 1500 ⁇ 4200m / min;
  • the drying temperature of the step (a) of the invention is 60-90 ° C, and the drying effect is lower than 60 ° C, which is higher than 90 °C slices are prone to deterioration and performance changes.
  • the step (b) component formula is: metal sand 10/20 mesh half, and then used The 250-300 mesh filter is filled.
  • the step (b) cooling air temperature is 20 ° C to 26 ° C, and the wind speed is 0.25 ⁇ 0.45m / s, the nozzle position is 80 ⁇ 130cm away from the spinneret.
  • the step (b) has a spinning angle of 6 to 8 degrees.
  • the step (a) is pre-crystallized before drying.
  • the preparation method of the invention is simple, green and environmentally friendly, and the spinning processing performance is good; the preparation method can obtain 100% PBS filament;
  • the spinning, texturing and finishing are all carried out by low temperature method, which is much lower than the temperature required for all synthetic fibers, energy saving and emission reduction, and achieve the purpose of energy saving and low carbon.
  • the preparation method of the present invention has a PBS filament spinning temperature of 40 to 60. °C, low temperature energy saving effect is obvious;
  • Filament prepared by the invention overcomes the shortcomings of poor permeability of polypropylene and nylon and easy aging of polypropylene. It has the characteristics of soft and comfortable natural fiber, easy care and easy dyeing.
  • the fabric woven with the fiber has excellent lightness, skin-friendly, breathable and green environmental performance, especially its fully biodegradable characteristics, and caters to the development concept of low carbon and environmental protection advocated by the society.
  • the present invention provides a preparation method for the front and the rear of a fully biodegradable material PBS fiber by an improved process, which can be carried out by the method of the present invention.
  • 100% fully biodegradable filaments are prepared from PBS and are currently in research at home and abroad. See the embodiment for details.
  • a fully biodegradable polybutylene succinate filament wherein the polybutylene succinate filament component is 100% Polybutylene succinate.
  • the preparation method of the above fully biodegradable polybutylene succinate filament comprises:
  • Spinning temperature biphenyl 160 ° C, screw temperature 270 ° C; spinning speed: 1500 ⁇ 4200 m / min .
  • the pre-oriented yarn is subjected to post-processing to prepare polybutylene succinate filament; draw ratio: 1.2 times, deformation temperature 100 °C, winding speed 450 ⁇ 650m / min.
  • the above fully biodegradable polybutylene succinate filaments are not limited to this preparation method.
  • a fully biodegradable polybutylene succinate filament wherein the polybutylene succinate filament component is 100% Polybutylene succinate.
  • the preparation method of the above fully biodegradable polybutylene succinate filament comprises:
  • the formula of the component is: half of the metal sand 10/20 mesh, and then filled with a 250-300 mesh filter.
  • Spinning temperature biphenyl 270 ° C, screw temperature 135 ° C; spinning speed: pre-oriented yarn POY 2500 ⁇ 3500m/min, fully oriented wire FDY 3500 ⁇ 4200 m/min, high orientation wire HOY 3000 ⁇ 4000 m/min ; spinning angle 6 ⁇ 8 Degree.
  • the pre-oriented yarn POY is subjected to post-processing to prepare polybutylene succinate filament; draw ratio: 1.85 Double, deformation temperature 50 °C, winding speed 450 ⁇ 650m / min.
  • the above fully biodegradable polybutylene succinate filaments are not limited to this preparation method.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Biological Depolymerization Polymers (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提出一种完全可生物降解聚丁二酸丁二醇酯长丝,其组分为100%聚丁二酸丁二醇酯;还公开了其制备方法,包括:( a )干燥聚丁二酸丁二醇酯切片;其中干燥温度为60-90℃,时间为 6-12h ;( b )将干燥后的所述聚丁二酸丁二醇酯切片进行熔融纺丝,得到聚丁二酸丁二醇酯预取向丝POY、全取向丝FDY或高取向丝HOY;( c )将预取向丝进行后道加工,制备聚丁二酸丁二醇酯长丝;拉伸倍数:1.2~1.85 、变形温度50~100℃、卷绕速度:450~650m/min 。本发明的制备方法简单,绿色环保,纺丝加工性能好;该制备方法可以得到100%的PBS长丝,具有天然纤维柔软舒适、易护理、易染色的特点;用该纤维织成的织物,具有轻盈、亲肤、透气、绿色环保的优良性能,完全可生物降解。

Description

完全可生物降解聚丁二酸丁二醇酯长丝及其制备方法 技术领域
本发明涉及纤维技术领域,特别是指一种 完全可生物降解聚丁二酸丁二醇酯长丝及其制备方法 。
背景技术
完全生物降解塑料是使用中保持与现有塑料相同程度的功能,使用后能为自然界中细菌、真菌、海藻等微生物作用,最终分解成水和二氧化碳等无机物的高分子材料,从而防止对环境的污染,起到了保护土壤和环境的作用,所以被称为'绿色塑料'。完全生物降解塑料从原料的组成和制备方法上可分为微生物合成降解塑料、天然产物降解塑料和化学合成降解塑料。
化学合成降解塑料可分为脂肪族聚酯和芳香族聚酯。目前,脂肪族聚酯是生物降解材料中最有发展前景的一类高分子材料。脂肪族聚酯中, PBS 的综合性能最佳,性价比合理,是生物降解材料中的佼佼者。而且合成 PBS 的原料 l , 4 丁二酸和 l , 4 丁二醇,不仅可由石油化工路线途径获得,也可由煤化工路线或生物发酵路线获得,更具有环保意义和经济价值。近年国内外对 PBS 基降解塑料的研究较活跃,但对 100%PBS 用于制备纤维的报道少之又少。
如日本的尤尼吉卡公司用含有 PBS 和丁二酸乙二醇酯的共聚物制备具有高拉伸强度的生物降解性耐热皮芯聚酯单丝,皮层聚合物熔点比芯层低,制得的单丝在土壤中埋藏三个月后质量损失 3.6% 。该公司还发明了将 PBS 和丁二酸乙二醇酯共聚物、聚己二酸丁二醇酯或聚癸二酸酯按不同比例纺成的同心三层结构的复合长线,据称这种熔纺纤维具有优良的物理性能, 而且能够完全降解。
如金伯利 - 克拉克环球有限公司开发了一种亲水粘合用纤维。此种纤维可通过聚烯烃芯材料与高度可湿脂肪族聚酯共混物皮壳材料共纺制成。高度可湿脂族聚酯共混物的组成包括 PBS 、丁二酸 - 己二酸丁二醇酯共聚物、聚己内酯聚合物、这些聚合物的混合物或者这些聚合物的共聚物,多元羧酸,以及润湿剂等。该亲水粘合用纤维的生物降解能力显著改善,且易于加工。该亲水粘合用纤维制成的一次性吸收制品可用于吸收体液等流 体。
如公开号 CN101597815A , 2009.12.9 ,公开了'一种聚丁二酸丁二醇酯纤维的制备方法',将纺丝原料聚丁二酸丁二醇酯与纺丝原料相变材料微胶囊按质量比为 (88 ~ 100) ∶ (12 ~ 0) ,纺丝加工添加剂与聚丁二酸丁二醇酯和相变材料微胶囊的总质量按质量比为 (0.1 ~ 0.5) ∶ 100 进行配比混合; 500 ~ 800m/min 纺丝速度熔融纺丝;牵伸、热定型,即得到聚丁二酸丁二醇酯纤维。
以上的研究或公开文献都是将 PBS 与其他材料共混制备纤维,对完全可生物降解材料 PBS 纯粹用于熔融纺丝技术制备长丝目前还没有找到相关的报道。
技术问题
本发明提出一种 完全可生物降解聚丁二酸丁二醇酯长丝及其制备方法 ,该长丝的组分为 100% 聚丁二酸丁二醇酯,可完全降解。
技术解决方案
本发明的技术方案是这样实现的: 一种 完全可生物降解聚丁二酸丁二醇酯长丝,其中,所述聚丁二酸丁二醇酯长丝的组分为 100% 聚丁二酸丁二醇酯。
上述 完全可生物降解聚丁二酸丁二醇酯长丝可以通过下述的制备方法得到,具体包括:
( a )干燥聚丁二酸丁二醇酯切片;其中干燥温度为 60-90 ℃,时间为 6-12h ;
( b )将干燥后的所述聚丁二酸丁二醇酯切片进行熔融纺丝,得到聚丁二酸丁二醇酯预取向丝 POY 、全取向丝 FDY 或高取向丝 HOY ;
纺丝温度:联苯 160 ℃ ~ 270 ℃ ,螺杆温度 135 ℃ ~ 270 ℃;纺丝速度: 1500 ~ 4200m/min ;
( c )将预取向丝进行后道加工,制备聚丁二酸丁二醇酯长丝;拉伸倍数: 1.2 ~ 1.85 倍、变形温度 50 ~ 100 ℃、卷绕速度: 450 ~ 650m/min 。
本发明步骤( a )的干燥温度为 60-90 ℃,低于 60 ℃干燥效果不好,高于 90 ℃切片易变质,性能发生改变。
作为优选的技术方案, 所述步骤( b )组件配方为:金属砂 10/20 网一半,再用 250-300 目滤网填满。
作为优选的技术方案,所述步骤( b )冷却风温 20 ℃ ~ 26 ℃,风速 0.25 ~ 0.45m/s ,油嘴位置距喷丝板 80 ~ 130cm 。
作为优选的技术方案,所述步骤( b )纺丝角度 6 ~ 8 度。
作为优选的技术方案,所述步骤( a )干燥前先进行预结晶。
有益效果
本发明的制备方法简单,绿色环保,纺丝加工性能好;该制备方法可 以得到 100% 的 PBS 长丝; 纺丝、加弹及后整理均采用低温方法,大大低于所有合成纤维所需温度,节能减排,达到节能低碳的目的 ;
本发明的制备方法与其它合成纤维相比, PBS 长丝纺丝温度低 40 ~ 60 ℃,低温节能效果明显;
本发明制备得到的长丝 克服了涤纶和锦纶透气性差、丙纶易老化的缺点,具有天然纤维柔软舒适、易护理、易染色的特点; 用该纤维织成的织物,具有优良的轻盈、亲肤、透气、绿色环保的性能,特别是其完全可生物降解的特性,迎合了目前社会提倡的低碳环保的发展理念。
附图说明
本发明的最佳实施方式
本发明的实施方式
下面将对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明通过改进工艺,提供了完全可生物降解材料 PBS 纤维的前道和后道的制备方法,通过本发明的方法可以 由 PBS 制备 100% 完全可生物降解长丝,目前国内外尚处于研究阶段。具体参见实施例。
实施例 1
一种 完全可生物降解聚丁二酸丁二醇酯长丝,其中聚丁二酸丁二醇酯长丝的组分为 100% 聚丁二酸丁二醇酯。
上述 完全可生物降解聚丁二酸丁二醇酯长丝的制备方法,包括:
( a )从市场上购买聚丁二酸丁二醇酯 (PBS) 切片,切片进行预结晶后进入干燥塔, 利用真空转鼓干燥机对 PBS 切片进行干燥,转鼓的转筒是略带倾斜并能回转的圆筒体,湿切片从一端上部进入,干切片从另一端下部收集。热风从进料端或出料端进入,从另一端上部排出。筒内装有顺向抄板,使切片在筒内回转过程中不断抄起洒下,使其充分与热气流接触,以提高干燥效率。干燥温度为 60 ~ 90 ℃,时间为 6 ~ 12h ,使得切片含水率低于 50ppm 。
( b ) 将上述干燥后的切片 进行熔融纺丝,得到聚丁二酸丁二醇酯预取向丝 POY 、全取向丝 FDY 及高取向丝 HOY 。
纺丝温度:联苯 160 ℃,螺杆温度 270 ℃;纺丝速度: 1500 ~ 4200m/min 。
( c )将预取向丝进行后道加工,制备聚丁二酸丁二醇酯长丝;拉伸倍数: 1.2 倍、变形温度 100 ℃、卷绕速度 450 ~ 650m/min 。 上述 完全可生物降解聚丁二酸丁二醇酯长丝不限于此种制备方法。
实施例 2
一种 完全可生物降解聚丁二酸丁二醇酯长丝,其中聚丁二酸丁二醇酯长丝的组分为 100% 聚丁二酸丁二醇酯。
上述一种 完全可生物降解聚丁二酸丁二醇酯长丝的制备方法,包括:
( a )从市场上购买聚丁二酸丁二醇酯 (PBS) 切片,切片先进入预结晶器(是否经过与结晶器是根据材料的条件进行选择),再进入干燥塔, 利用真空转鼓干燥机对 PBS 切片进行干燥,转鼓的转筒是略带倾斜并能回转的圆筒体,湿切片从一端上部进入,干切片从另一端下部收集。热风从进料端或出料端进入,从另一端上部排出。筒内装有顺向抄板,使切片在筒内回转过程中不断抄起洒下,使其充分与热气流接触,以提高干燥效率。干燥温度为 60 ~ 90 ℃,时间为 6 ~ 12h ,使得切片含水率低于 50ppm 。
( b ) 将上述干燥后的切片 进行熔融纺丝,得到聚丁二酸丁二醇酯预取向丝 POY 、全取向丝 FDY 及高取向丝 HOY 。
组件配方为:金属砂 10/20 网一半,再用 250-300 目滤网填满。
纺丝温度:联苯 270 ℃,螺杆温度 135 ℃;纺丝速度:预取向丝 POY 2500 ~ 3500m/min 、全取向丝 FDY 3500 ~ 4200 m/min 、高取向丝 HOY 3000 ~ 4000 m/min ; 纺丝角度 6 ~ 8 度 。
( c )将预取向丝 POY 进行后道加工,制备聚丁二酸丁二醇酯长丝;拉伸倍数: 1.85 倍、变形温度 50 ℃、卷绕速度 450 ~ 650m/min 。 上述 完全可生物降解聚丁二酸丁二醇酯长丝不限于此种制备方法。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
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Claims (1)

  1. 1 、一种完全可生物降解聚丁二酸丁二醇酯长丝,其特征在于,所述聚丁二酸丁二醇酯长丝的组分为 100% 聚丁二酸丁二醇酯。
    2 、一种完全可生物降解聚丁二酸丁二醇酯长丝的制备方法,包括:
    ( a )干燥聚丁二酸丁二醇酯切片;其中干燥温度为 60-90 ℃,时间为 6-12h ;
    ( b )将干燥后的所述聚丁二酸丁二醇酯切片进行熔融纺丝,得到聚丁二酸丁二醇酯预取向丝 POY 、全取向丝 FDY 或高取向丝 HOY ;
    纺丝温度:联苯 160 ℃ ~ 270 ℃ ,螺杆温度 135 ℃ ~ 270 ℃;纺丝速度: 1500 ~ 4200m/min ;
    ( c )将预取向丝进行后道加工,制备聚丁二酸丁二醇酯长丝;
    拉伸倍数: 1.2 ~ 1.85 倍、变形温度 50 ~ 100 ℃、卷绕速度: 450 ~ 650m/min 。
    3 、根据权利要求 2 所述的一种 完全可生物降解聚丁二酸丁二醇酯长丝的制备方法 ,其特征在于, 所述步骤( b )组件配方为:金属砂 10/20 目一半,再用 250-300 目滤网填满。
    4 、根据权利要求 3 所述的一种 完全可生物降解聚丁二酸丁二醇酯长丝的制备方法 ,其特征在于,所述步骤( b )冷却风温 20 ℃ ~ 26 ℃,风速 0.25 ~ 0.45m/s ,油嘴位置距喷丝板 80 ~ 130cm 。
    5 、根据权利要求 4 所述的一种 完全可生物降解聚丁二酸丁二醇酯长丝的制备方法 ,其特征在于,所述步骤( b )纺丝角度 6 ~ 8 度。
    6 、根据权利要求 5 所述的一种 完全可生物降解聚丁二酸丁二醇酯长丝的制备方法 ,其特征在于,所述步骤( a )干燥前先进行预结晶。
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