WO2011062154A1 - 血圧測定装置、電子血圧計の制御方法、および電子血圧計の制御プログラム - Google Patents
血圧測定装置、電子血圧計の制御方法、および電子血圧計の制御プログラム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011062154A1 WO2011062154A1 PCT/JP2010/070354 JP2010070354W WO2011062154A1 WO 2011062154 A1 WO2011062154 A1 WO 2011062154A1 JP 2010070354 W JP2010070354 W JP 2010070354W WO 2011062154 A1 WO2011062154 A1 WO 2011062154A1
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- fluid bag
- pressure
- valve
- fluid
- blood pressure
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
- A61B5/021—Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels
- A61B5/022—Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels by applying pressure to close blood vessels, e.g. against the skin; Ophthalmodynamometers
- A61B5/02225—Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels by applying pressure to close blood vessels, e.g. against the skin; Ophthalmodynamometers using the oscillometric method
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
- A61B5/021—Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels
- A61B5/022—Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels by applying pressure to close blood vessels, e.g. against the skin; Ophthalmodynamometers
- A61B5/0225—Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels by applying pressure to close blood vessels, e.g. against the skin; Ophthalmodynamometers the pressure being controlled by electric signals, e.g. derived from Korotkoff sounds
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a blood pressure measurement device, a control method for an electronic sphygmomanometer, and a control program for an electronic sphygmomanometer, and in particular, a blood pressure measurement device and an electronic sphygmomanometer that measure blood pressure using an arm band (cuff) that encloses a fluid bag. And a control program for an electronic sphygmomanometer.
- the fluid bag has such characteristics that the pressure of the fluid bag and the volume of the fluid bag have a relationship as shown in FIG. That is, with reference to FIG. 24, in the region where the pressure of the fluid bag is low, which is shown in the portion A, the volume of the fluid bag increases rapidly as the pressure of the fluid bag increases. Further, as shown in part B, as the pressure of the fluid bag increases, the increase rate of the volume of the fluid bag gradually decreases as the pressure of the fluid bag increases.
- FIG. 25 shows a change in the volume of the fluid bag (B) accompanying a change in the volume of the blood vessel (A) when the fluid density in the fluid bag is low, and FIG. It is a figure showing the change (C) of a fluid density, and the pressure change (D) of a fluid bag.
- FIG. 27 shows a case where the discharge speed of the fluid coming out of the fluid bag is fast, that is, when the discharge amount per unit time is large
- FIG. 28 shows a case where the discharge speed of the fluid coming out of the fluid bag is slow, ie, the discharge amount per unit time.
- It is a figure showing the volume change (B) of the fluid bag accompanying the volume change (A) of the blood vessel when there is little, and the pressure change (C) of the fluid bag. From FIG. 25 to FIG. 28, it can be read that the detection accuracy of the volume change of the blood vessel has the following characteristics: (1) The higher the pressure of the fluid bag, the higher the density of the fluid in the fluid bag.
- the detection accuracy of the blood vessel volume change depends on the density of the fluid in the fluid bag and the amount of fluid discharged from the fluid bag.
- the sphygmomanometer that depressurizes the fluid bag at a constant speed has a constant pressure (FIG. 29A), depending on the pressure of the fluid bag and the circumference of the measurement site.
- the amount of fluid discharged from the fluid bag was controlled by a valve (FIG. 29B).
- FIG. 29C the pressure pulse wave amplitude with respect to the constant volume change of the blood vessel is large in the region where the pressure of the fluid bag is high, and the pressure pulse with respect to the constant volume change of the blood vessel in the region where the pressure of the fluid bag is low.
- the wave amplitude was small.
- the amount of change in the volume of the blood vessel accompanying the change in the pressure of the fluid bag differs depending on the circumference of the measurement site, these have become an error factor in blood pressure measurement.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a technique for adjusting the discharge amount of a valve in accordance with the circumference of a measurement site, or a fluid storage section communicating with a fluid bag
- Patent Document 2 discloses a technique for adjusting the discharge amount of a valve in accordance with the circumference of a measurement site, or a fluid storage section communicating with a fluid bag
- a technique is disclosed in which the volume sum of the fluid bag and the fluid storage portion is controlled to be constant according to the winding circumference. As a result, it is possible to keep the decompression speed constant even if the circumferences of the measurement sites are different.
- Patent Document 2 previously has a volume change characteristic of the fluid bag with respect to the pressure of the fluid bag, and converts the signal of the pressure change of the fluid bag into a volume change. Discloses a method of measuring a blood pressure value by using the.
- Patent Document 3 discloses that in a pulse wave appearance section, a valve for discharging the fluid in the fluid bag is closed to prevent attenuation of the volume change of the blood vessel accompanying the volume change of the fluid bag. A method is disclosed.
- JP-A-6-245911 Japanese Patent No. 5-329113 JP-A-4-250133
- Patent Document 1 can eliminate the difference in pressure reduction speed due to the difference in circumference of the measurement site, the valve is discharged in conjunction with the pressure of the fluid bag in order to keep the pressure reduction speed constant. As the amount changes, the pressure pulse wave amplitude changes according to the pressure of the fluid bag. For this reason, even if the volume sum of the fluid bag and the fluid storage portion is controlled to be constant, the difference in volume due to the circumference of the measurement site is eliminated. The size changes. Therefore, there is still a problem that an error occurs in blood pressure measurement.
- Patent Document 3 can accurately grasp the change in the volume of the blood vessel as the change in the pressure of the fluid bag, but it is difficult to reduce the pressure because the valve is closed each time a pulse wave appears. There is a problem.
- the pressure and volume of the fluid bag are not proportional to each other. Therefore, when measuring blood pressure while reducing the pressure, the fluid volume depends on the circumference of the measurement site or the pressure of the fluid bag. The flow rate of the fluid discharged from the bag was different. Thereby, the detection accuracy of the pressure pulse wave amplitude with respect to the change in the volume of the blood vessel differs depending on the circumference of the measurement site and the pressure of the fluid bag. Therefore, there is a problem that even if the volume change of the blood vessel is the same, an error occurs in the magnitude of the pressure pulse wave amplitude depending on the blood pressure value and the circumference of the measurement site, and the accuracy of blood pressure measurement is reduced.
- the present invention has been made in view of such problems, and by making the flow rate of the fluid exiting the fluid bag proportional to the pressure reduction rate, the pressure pulse wave amplitude with respect to a constant blood vessel volume change is made constant.
- An object is to provide a blood pressure measurement device, a control method for an electronic blood pressure monitor, and a control program for an electronic blood pressure monitor that can be approached and can improve the accuracy of blood pressure measurement.
- a blood pressure measurement device includes a fluid bag, a pressurizing unit for injecting and pressurizing fluid into the fluid bag, and a valve provided in the fluid bag.
- a pressure reducing part for discharging the fluid from the fluid bag and reducing the pressure; a sensor for measuring a change in the internal pressure of the fluid bag; and a fluid bag obtained by the sensor in a pressure reducing process for discharging the fluid from the fluid bag by the pressure reducing part.
- a blood pressure measurement unit for calculating a blood pressure value based on a change in internal pressure, and a control unit for controlling the pressurization unit, the decompression unit, and the blood pressure measurement unit.
- the valve gap which is a control amount for controlling the fluid discharge amount in the pressure reducing part, is determined so as to be proportional to the pressure reducing speed of the fluid bag, and the valve gap is held in the determined gap during the pressure reducing process.
- Control by discharging Controls a predetermined time period from the start of the pressure reduction process, by adjusting the control amount of pressure reduction rate of the fluid bladder is determined to be within a predetermined range, to correct the influence of manufacturing variations of the valve.
- control unit further adjusts the control amount adjusted so that the pressure reducing speed of the fluid bag is faster than the predetermined speed at the time of measurement after the predetermined period.
- control unit further adjusts the adjusted control amount when the pulse pressure superimposed on the internal pressure of the fluid bag is detected a predetermined number of times or more in the decompression process.
- control unit adjusts a driving voltage for driving the valve as a control amount.
- control unit adjusts the current consumption of the valve as the control amount.
- control unit determines whether or not the pressure reduction speed of the fluid bag is within a predetermined range by comparing the current consumption of the valve with a threshold value.
- the predetermined period is a period from the start of the decompression process to at least one pulse before the pulse wave first superimposes on the internal pressure of the fluid bag in the decompression process.
- control unit determines a valve gap that is a control amount so that a pressure reduction rate including a predetermined number or more of the pulse rate is included within a time period during which the internal pressure of the fluid bag changes from the highest blood pressure to the lowest blood pressure.
- a blood pressure measurement device includes a fluid bag, a pressurizing unit for injecting and pressurizing fluid into the fluid bag, and a valve provided in the fluid bag.
- a pressure reducing part for discharging the fluid from the fluid bag and reducing the pressure; a sensor for measuring a change in the internal pressure of the fluid bag; and a fluid bag obtained by the sensor in a pressure reducing process for discharging the fluid from the fluid bag by the pressure reducing part
- a blood pressure measuring unit for calculating a blood pressure value based on a change in the internal pressure, a pressurizing unit, a decompressing unit, and a control unit for controlling the blood pressure measuring unit, and the control unit discharges in the decompression process Determine the valve gap, which is the control amount for controlling the fluid discharge amount in the pressure reducing part, so that the pressure is proportional to the pressure reducing speed of the fluid bag, and keep the valve gap in the determined gap during the pressure reducing process Emission by controlling to And
- a blood pressure measurement device further includes an input unit for inputting environmental conditions.
- a blood pressure measurement device includes a fluid bag, a pressurizing unit for injecting and pressurizing fluid into the fluid bag, and a valve provided in the fluid bag.
- the valve gap which is a control amount for controlling the fluid discharge amount in the pressure reducing part, is determined so that the amount is proportional to the pressure reducing speed of the fluid bag, and the valve gap is determined to be the determined gap in the pressure reducing process.
- an electronic sphygmomanometer control method includes a fluid bag and a calculation unit for calculating a blood pressure value based on a change in internal pressure of the fluid bag.
- a control method for an electronic sphygmomanometer comprising: a valve provided in a fluid bag, pressurizing the fluid bag to a predetermined pressure; and, after pressurization, determining a voltage for driving the valve; Driving the valve with the determined voltage to hold the valve gap in the determined gap and depressurizing the fluid bag; calculating the blood pressure value from the change in the internal pressure of the fluid bag during the depressurization process; A step of outputting a blood pressure value, and determining a voltage for driving the valve, wherein the valve gap as a control amount for controlling the fluid discharge amount is such that the discharge amount of the fluid bag is reduced during the decompression process. Proportional to decompression speed Determined so that the engagement.
- a control program for an electronic sphygmomanometer includes a fluid bag and a calculation unit for calculating a blood pressure value based on a change in the internal pressure of the fluid bag.
- a program for causing an electronic sphygmomanometer to execute a blood pressure measurement operation wherein the fluid bag is provided with a valve, the step of pressurizing the fluid bag to a predetermined pressure, and driving the valve after pressurization Determining a voltage of the fluid bag, driving the valve at the determined voltage to hold the valve gap in the determined gap, and depressurizing the fluid bag;
- the valve of the valve as a control amount for controlling the discharge amount of the fluid Gad But emissions in a vacuum process is determined to be proportional to the pressure reduction rate of the fluid bladder.
- the detection accuracy of the volume change of the blood vessel can be made close to a constant regardless of the pressure of the fluid bag.
- a blood pressure measurement error can be reduced.
- the rate of change in the detection accuracy of the change in volume of the blood vessel can be made close to a constant value.
- a blood pressure measurement error can be reduced. Further, this eliminates the need to correct the volume of the fluid bag that varies depending on the circumference of the measurement site.
- a sphygmomanometer 1 which is a blood pressure measurement device according to a first embodiment of the present invention includes a main body 2 and a cuff 5 wound around a measurement site, which are connected by a tube 10.
- the operation unit 3 On the front surface of the main body 2, an operation unit 3 such as a switch and a display unit 4 for displaying measurement results and the like are arranged.
- the operation unit 3 includes a power switch 31 for instructing power ON / OFF, a measurement switch 32 for instructing start of measurement, a stop switch 33 for instructing stop of measurement, and a recorded measurement.
- a record recall switch 34 for recalling and displaying values is included.
- a fluid bag 13 is disposed in the cuff 5. For example, air corresponds to the fluid injected into the fluid bag 13 and discharged from the fluid bag 13. The fluid bag 13 is pressed against the measurement site by winding the cuff 5 around the measurement site. Examples of the measurement site include an upper arm or a wrist.
- the fluid bag 13 is connected to a pressure sensor 23 for measuring the internal pressure change of the fluid bag 13, a pump 21 for injecting / extracting fluid to / from the fluid bag 13, and a valve 22.
- the pressure sensor 23, the pump 21, and the valve 22 are connected to an oscillation circuit 28, a pump drive circuit 26, and a valve drive circuit 27, respectively. Further, the oscillation circuit 28, the pump drive circuit 26, and the valve drive circuit 27 are Both are connected to a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 40 that controls the entire sphygmomanometer 1.
- a CPU Central Processing Unit
- the CPU 40 further includes a display unit 4, an operation unit 3, a memory 6 that stores a program executed by the CPU 40 and serves as a work area when executing the program, and a memory 7 that stores measurement results and the like. And a power source 53 are connected.
- the CPU 40 is driven by receiving power supply from the power source 53.
- the CPU 40 includes a circumference information acquisition unit 41 and a valve drive voltage determination unit 43. These are formed in the CPU 40 when the CPU 40 executes a predetermined program stored in the memory 6 based on an operation signal input from the operation unit 3.
- the circumference information acquisition unit 41 acquires circumference information that is the size of the measurement site and inputs the circumference information to the valve drive voltage determination unit 43.
- the valve drive voltage determination unit 43 determines a voltage (hereinafter, drive voltage E) for driving the valve 22 based on the circumference information.
- the CPU 40 outputs a control signal corresponding to the drive voltage E determined by the valve drive voltage determination unit 43 to the valve drive circuit 27. Further, the CPU 40 executes a predetermined program stored in the memory 6 based on the operation signal input from the operation unit 3 and outputs a control signal to the pump drive circuit 26.
- the pump drive circuit 26 and the valve drive circuit 27 drive the pump 21 and the valve 22 according to the control signal.
- the pump 21 is driven by a pump drive circuit 26 according to a control signal from the CPU 40 and injects fluid into the fluid bag 13.
- the valve 22 has its opening / closing and opening width (hereinafter referred to as a gap) controlled by a valve drive circuit 27 according to a control signal from the CPU 40, and discharges the fluid in the fluid bag 13.
- the pressure sensor 23 is a capacitance type pressure sensor, and its capacitance value changes due to a change in the internal pressure of the fluid bag 13.
- the oscillation circuit 28 is converted into a signal having an oscillation frequency corresponding to the capacitance value of the pressure sensor 23 and input to the CPU 40.
- the CPU 40 executes a predetermined process based on the change in the internal pressure of the fluid bag 13 obtained from the pressure sensor 23, and outputs the control signal to the pump drive circuit 26 and the valve drive circuit 27 according to the result. Further, the CPU 40 calculates a blood pressure value based on the change in the internal pressure of the fluid bag 13 obtained from the pressure sensor 23, performs a process for displaying the measurement result on the display unit 4, and data and a control signal for displaying the measurement result. Are output to the display unit 4. Further, the CPU 40 performs a process for storing the blood pressure value in the memory 7.
- FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a first specific example of processing executed at the timing when the measurement switch 32 is operated in the sphygmomanometer 1.
- the processing shown in the flowchart of FIG. 2 is realized by the CPU 40 executing a predetermined program stored in the memory 6.
- CPU 40 monitors the input of an operation signal from operation unit 3, and when detecting that measurement switch 32 is operated, in step S ⁇ b> 101, circumference information acquisition unit 41 of CPU 40 determines the measurement site.
- the circumference information representing the circumference of the measurement site having the size of is acquired.
- circumference information such as “thick” and “thin” is input at the time of measurement by a switch or the like constituting the operation unit 3, and the circumference information acquisition unit 41 is based on an operation signal from the operation unit 3. Circumference information shall be acquired.
- the acquisition method of the circumference information in the circumference information acquisition part 41 is not limited to the above-mentioned method.
- the circumference information is obtained by the process of steps S201 to S205 instead of the above step S101. May be obtained.
- the CPU 40 outputs a control signal for driving the pump 21 at a predetermined voltage that is specified in advance to the pump driving circuit 26, and the pump 21 is driven at a predetermined voltage so that the fluid bag 13 is The fluid bag 13 is pressurized until it reaches a prescribed predetermined pressure.
- the CPU 40 stores the pressurization time until the fluid bag 13 reaches the predetermined pressure in step S205.
- the pressurization speed decreases as the circumference of the measurement region increases. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4B, the pressurization time increases as the circumference of the measurement site increases. That is, it can be said that the pressurization time until the fluid bag 13 reaches a predetermined pressure is an index representing the circumference of the measurement site. Therefore, the circumference information acquisition unit 41 acquires the pressurization time stored in step S205 as circumference information.
- the circumference information acquisition part 41 is obtained similarly from the rotation speed of the pump 21 and the pressure of the fluid bag 13 instead of the pressurization time.
- a cloth (not shown) as a mechanism for winding the fluid bag 13 around the measurement site includes a slide resistance, and the circumference information acquisition unit 41 uses the fluid bag 13 as the measurement site. Perimeter information may be acquired from a resistance value obtained from the slide resistance when wound.
- step S103 and S105 the CPU 40 outputs a control signal to the pump drive circuit 26, and pressurizes the fluid bag 13 until the fluid bag 13 reaches a predetermined pressure.
- the CPU 40 outputs a control signal to the pump drive circuit 26 in step S107 and stops pressurization of the fluid bag 13.
- step S109 the valve drive voltage determination unit 43 of the CPU 40 determines the drive voltage E of the valve 22 based on the circumference information acquired in step S101 or steps S201 to S205.
- step S111 the CPU 40 outputs a control signal to the valve drive circuit 27 so as to drive the valve 22 while maintaining the drive voltage E determined in step S109, and starts depressurization of the fluid bag 13.
- step S113 the CPU 40 extracts a vibration component accompanying the arterial volume change superimposed on the internal pressure of the fluid bag 13 obtained during decompression, and calculates a blood pressure value by a predetermined calculation. It should be noted that when the pressure reduction rate in step S111 is too fast and the blood pressure value is not calculated in step S113, or conversely, when the pressure reduction rate in step S111 is too slow and the discharge does not proceed (NO in step S114).
- step S117 the CPU 40 determines that an error has occurred, and outputs a control signal to the valve drive circuit 27 so as to open the valve 22. The fluid in the fluid bag 13 is rapidly discharged. If not, that is, if the blood pressure value is calculated in step S113 (YES in step S114), the valve 22 is opened in accordance with the control signal from the CPU 40 in step S115, and the fluid in the fluid bag 13 is discharged. .
- the degree of change in the pressure reduction speed with respect to the pressure of the fluid bag when the driving voltage E is kept constant varies depending on the circumference of the measurement site.
- the circumference of the measurement site is a parameter for determining the drive voltage E.
- step S109 the valve drive voltage determination unit 43 determines the drive voltage E using the relationship shown in FIG.
- step S109 the drive voltage E is determined with a magnitude proportional to the circumference of the measurement site.
- the degree of change in the pressure reduction speed relative to the pressure of the fluid bag 13 when the circumference of the measurement site is the same varies depending on the gap of the valve 22, that is, the magnitude of the drive voltage.
- the degree of change in pressure reduction rate increases as the gap of valve 22 increases, and the degree of change in pressure reduction rate decreases as the gap decreases. Therefore, from the relationship shown in FIG. 7, the size of the gap is preferably such that the decompression speed of the fluid bag 13 from the calculation of the maximum blood pressure to the calculation of the minimum blood pressure is within a predetermined speed range. .
- the size of the gap is preferably the size of the gap at which the rate of pressure reduction is such that the pulse rate that can be detected between the systolic blood pressure and the systolic blood pressure during decompression is equal to or greater than a predetermined number. More preferably, the “predetermined number” is 5. This is because a pulse rate of about 5 is measured between the systolic blood pressure and the diastolic blood pressure at the time of decompression, as described in Japanese Patent No. 3179873 previously filed and disclosed by the applicant of the present application. This is because it is appropriate to set the pressure reduction measurement algorithm in consideration of the performance of the pressure reduction measurement algorithm.
- the gap size at which a pulse rate of 5 or more is measured between the systolic blood pressure and the systolic blood pressure during decompression is obtained by, for example, experiments and stored in the memory 6 in advance.
- the value is preferably about 5 mmHg / sec to 20 mmHg / sec. Therefore, the coefficients ⁇ and ⁇ in the above equation (1) are set so that the blood pressure reduction rate in the range where the pressure of the fluid bag 13 is about the blood pressure value is within the target pressure reduction rate of about 5 mmHg / sec to 20 mmHg / sec. It can be set to any value.
- Such coefficients ⁇ and ⁇ are obtained in advance by experiments or the like and are stored in the memory 6 of the sphygmomanometer 1.
- the drive voltage E is determined by inputting the circumference information acquired in the above equation (1) in step S109.
- the memory 6 has a circumference.
- a table that defines the relationship between the information and the drive voltage E may be stored, and the valve drive voltage determination unit 43 may read the drive voltage E corresponding to the acquired circumference information from the table.
- FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing a modification of the process executed at the timing when the measurement switch 32 is operated in the sphygmomanometer 1.
- the measurement site is measured based on the pressurization time until the pressure of the fluid bag 13 reaches a predetermined pressure in steps S201 to S205.
- the CPU 40 estimates the maximum blood pressure value based on the change in the internal pressure of the fluid bag 13 obtained from the pressure sensor 23, and in step S303, the fluid bag 13 The pressure at the end of pressurization is calculated.
- the sphygmomanometer 1 is configured to calculate a blood pressure value based on a change in the internal pressure of the fluid bag 13 obtained in a pressure reducing process after pressurizing the fluid bag 13 to a predetermined pressure. Therefore, in step S303, preferably, the CPU 40 calculates a pressure value that is higher by a predetermined pressure value than the maximum blood pressure value estimated in step S301 as the pressurization end pressure.
- the drive voltage E is determined in the same manner as the processing shown in FIG. 2 and FIG.
- the blood pressure value is calculated in the decompression process in which control is performed to drive the valve while holding the drive voltage E.
- step S109 the valve drive voltage determination unit 43 replaces or adds to the relationship shown in FIG. 5 described above, or considers the drive voltage in consideration of the maximum blood pressure value estimated in step S301. E is determined.
- the drive voltage E has a magnitude proportional to the circumference of the measurement site and the estimated maximum blood pressure. It is determined by the corresponding size.
- the size of the gap is preferably such that the pressure of the fluid bag 13 is within the target pressure reduction rate within the range where the pressure of the fluid bag 13 is about the blood pressure value.
- the coefficient ⁇ in the above equation (2) also sets the pressure reduction speed from the calculation of the maximum blood pressure to the calculation of the minimum blood pressure within the fluid bag 13 within the target pressure reduction speed of about 5 mmHg / sec to 20 mmHg / sec. It can be set to such a value.
- step S111 the CPU 40 controls to drive the valve 22 while maintaining the drive voltage E determined in step S109.
- the gap of the valve 22 is controlled to be constant during decompression.
- the decompression speed of the fluid bag 13 changes as shown in FIG. That is, from FIG. 10A, when the pressure of the fluid bag 13 becomes a certain pressure or less, the pressure reduction speed of the fluid bag 13 is substantially the same regardless of the circumference of the measurement site, and thereafter (decreases). Almost no change due to pressure change.
- the discharge amount from the valve 22 at the pressure of the fluid bag 13 changes as shown in FIG. That is, as shown in FIG.
- controlling the drive voltage E to be constant means that the discharge amount from the valve 22 and the fluid It can be said that the drive voltage E is controlled so that the pressure reduction speed of the bag 13 is proportional.
- the flow rate of the fluid exiting the fluid bag 13 and the pressure reduction speed can be brought close to a proportional relationship.
- the detection accuracy of the volume change of the blood vessel can be made almost constant, and the measurement accuracy can be improved. That is, as shown in FIG. 10C, regardless of the pressure change of the fluid bag 13, the pressure pulse wave amplitude with respect to a constant volume change can be made constant at a value corresponding to the circumference of the measurement site.
- FIG. 11 shows the pressure change of the fluid bag 13 over time and the pressure change of the arterial pressure.
- a dotted line A in FIG. 11A indicates a change in pressure of the fluid bag 13 when the pressure of the fluid bag is controlled to be reduced at a constant speed.
- the change in pressure of the fluid bag 13 when the drive voltage E is constant that is, when the pressure is reduced by controlling the gap of the valve 22 to be constant, is indicated by a solid line B.
- FIG. 11C a line segment obtained by connecting the measured values of the intra-arterial pressure shown in FIG. 11B is indicated by a dotted line.
- the pressure of the fluid bag is high in a low region. Compared with the region, the detection accuracy of the volume change of the blood vessel is lowered.
- the detection accuracy of the volume change of the blood vessel in the low pressure region of the fluid bag 13 is the conventional one. It is remarkably shown that the detection accuracy of the sphygmomanometer controlled to reduce the pressure of the fluid bag at a constant speed is improved. Similarly, it is shown that the detection accuracy of the volume change of the blood vessel in the high pressure region is also improved.
- the CPU 40 holds the drive voltage E at the drive voltage E determined by the valve drive voltage determination unit 43 at the step S109 in the decompression process at the step S111, that is, keeps the drive voltage E constant. Control to keep.
- the sphygmomanometer 1 further includes a flow meter 55 that measures the amount of discharge from the valve 22, as shown in FIG.
- the drive voltage E may be updated by 43 so that the discharge amount from the valve 22 and the pressure reduction speed are in a proportional relationship.
- the CPU 40 performs feedback control to control the drive voltage E so that the drive voltage E is changed to the drive voltage E determined at a specific timing such as a predetermined time interval.
- the flow rate of the fluid coming out of the fluid bag 13 and the pressure reduction speed can be brought closer to a proportional relationship.
- the pressure pulse wave amplitude with respect to a constant blood vessel volume change can be made to be constant, and the measurement accuracy can be improved.
- a sphygmomanometer 1 ′ that is a blood pressure measurement device according to the second embodiment of the present invention has a hardware configuration of the sphygmomanometer 1 according to the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1.
- a tank 54 for storing a non-pressure fluid connected to the fluid bag 13 by a tube 10 is further provided.
- the tank 54 is connected to the pump 51 and the valve 52.
- Pump 51 and valve 52 are connected to pump drive circuit 56 and valve drive circuit 57, respectively.
- Pump drive circuit 56 and valve drive circuit 57 are each connected to CPU 40.
- the CPU 40 determines a voltage for driving the pump 51 and the valve 52 by executing a predetermined program stored in the memory 6 based on the operation signal input from the operation unit 3, and the pump drive circuit 56. And the control signal according to the determined voltage is output to the valve drive circuit 57.
- the pump 51 is driven, the incompressible fluid stored in the tank 54 flows into the fluid bag 13 through the tube 10.
- the valve 52 By driving the valve 52, the incompressible fluid in the fluid bag 13 is discharged.
- a filter 9 is provided at a portion connecting the fluid bag 13 and the valve 22.
- the incompressible fluid in the tank 54 moves to the fluid bag 13
- the incompressible fluid is prevented from leaking from the valve 22 for injecting the fluid into the fluid bag 13 or discharging the fluid from the fluid bag 13. Therefore, the material of the filter 9 is preferably a material that allows fluid to permeate but does not allow incompressible fluid to permeate.
- FIG. 14 is a flowchart showing a specific example of processing executed at the timing when the measurement switch 32 is operated in the sphygmomanometer 1 '.
- the processing shown in the flowchart of FIG. 14 is realized by the CPU 40 executing a predetermined program stored in the memory 6.
- step S ⁇ b> 401 in blood pressure monitor 1 ′, CPU 40 outputs a control signal to valve drive circuit 27 to close valve 22, and seals the fluid inlet and outlet to fluid bag 13. . Thereafter, in step S403, a control signal is output to the pump drive circuit 56 to drive the pump 51, and the tank 54 is filled until the fluid bag 13 reaches a predetermined pressure defined in advance or reaches a predetermined pressurization speed. The incompressible fluid is caused to flow into the fluid bag 13. That is, the incompressible fluid is moved from the tank 54 to the fluid bag 13.
- the CPU 40 sends a control signal to the valve drive circuit 57 in step S407.
- the output valve 52 is closed, and the inlet of the incompressible fluid to the fluid bag 13 is blocked.
- the CPU 40 outputs a control signal to the valve drive circuit 27 to open the valve 22 and release the pressure in the fluid bag 13 in step S409.
- a predetermined amount of incompressible fluid is injected into the fluid bag 13, and the internal pressure is atmospheric pressure.
- steps S103 to S107 which is the same as the processing according to the first embodiment, is executed, and the fluid bag 13 is pressurized until the fluid bag 13 reaches a predetermined pressure. In this state, pressurization of the fluid bag 13 is stopped. Thereafter, the blood pressure value is calculated in step S113 while the fluid bag 13 is decompressed in step S111.
- step S411 when the calculation of the blood pressure value is completed (YES in step S411), the CPU 40 outputs a control signal to the valve drive circuit 57 to open the valve 52 in step S413, and the incompressible fluid in the fluid bag 13 is opened. Is discharged. Thereafter, in step S115, the valve 22 is opened according to the control signal from the CPU 40, and the fluid in the fluid bag 13 is discharged.
- the sphygmomanometer 1 ′ Prior to pressurization of the fluid bag 13 in step S103, the sphygmomanometer 1 ′ injects a predetermined amount of incompressible fluid into the fluid bag 13 to increase the volume of the fluid bag 13, and the inflowing fluid It is characterized by reducing the capacity.
- the sphygmomanometer 1 ′ injects a predetermined amount of incompressible fluid into the fluid bag 13 to increase the volume of the fluid bag 13, and the inflowing fluid It is characterized by reducing the capacity.
- the incompressible fluid flows into the fluid bag 13 as a mechanism for suppressing the volume change of the volume change of the fluid bag 13 in the low pressure region.
- a filling member may be disposed in the fluid bag 13 in advance.
- a method in which a gel material such as microbeads is previously introduced into the fluid bag 13 as a filling member may be used.
- an elastic material such as a sponge or a spring may be disposed in the fluid bag 13 in advance as a filling member.
- the filling member is not limited to the above-described gel material or elastic material, and may be other materials.
- the filling member may be a combination of these plural materials.
- step S109 may be performed to control and reduce the pressure so that the gap of the valve 22 becomes constant. .
- the flow rate of the fluid exiting the fluid bag 13 and the pressure reduction speed can be made closer to a proportional relationship.
- the detection accuracy of the volume change of the blood vessel can be made almost constant, and the measurement accuracy can be improved.
- the amount of discharge from the valve 22 and the fluid bag 13 are controlled by controlling the drive voltage E to be constant so that the gap of the valve 22 is constant. It is assumed that the pressure reduction speed can be proportional. However, exhaust valves are susceptible to valve manufacturing variations and environmental conditions.
- a type (A type) in which the valve is opened / closed by thrust generated by a magnetic force generated when a current flows through a coil, and a rubber having an exhaust port having a slit (open / close port) are used.
- a type (B type) that is constructed and exhausted gradually and the former type A further uses the gravity to reciprocate the coil in the thrust direction or the direction of gravity (up and down) to close the valve closing gap.
- A-1 type equipped with a mechanism for controlling the valve
- Exhaust valves other than the A-1 type cannot be finely controlled, and the A-2 type exhaust valve can only be controlled to be completely closed or fully open. Further, the B type exhaust valve has a slit that becomes smaller when the pressure increases, and becomes larger when the pressure becomes lower, and the gap of the valve is not arbitrarily controlled but depends on the elasticity of rubber. Therefore, as the valve 22, the A-1 type that can control the displacement is preferably used.
- any exhaust valve generally uses an elastic body such as packing.
- the valve 22 is affected by the variation in the hardness of the elastic body, which is a manufacturing variation, and the exhaust characteristics change due to environmental conditions such as a temperature change. Therefore, the inventors measured the pressure reduction speed using three exhaust valves of the above-mentioned A-1 type and manufactured in different production lots under the same environmental conditions (temperature, humidity). Furthermore, the depressurization rate was measured with different environmental conditions (temperature, humidity). As a result of the measurement, as shown in FIG. 16, it was confirmed that even when the same drive voltage was applied, the exhaust speed was different depending on manufacturing variations and environmental conditions.
- the A-1 type exhaust valve controls the clearance of the valve by reciprocating the coil using gravity
- the relationship between the thrust force acting on the coil and the force in the gravity direction is also affected.
- the inventors measured the pressure reduction rate by changing the inclination of the A-1 type exhaust valve. As a result of the measurement, as shown in FIG. 17, it was confirmed that even if the internal pressure of the fluid bag 13 was the same, the exhaust speed was different depending on the inclination.
- the pressure reduction rate is smaller than the ideal pressure change, particularly when the pressure reduction rate on the low pressure side is small, that is, when the internal pressure change of the fluid bag 13 is a curve (1)
- the arterial internal pressure is changed according to the pressure change (pressure reduction) of the fluid bag 13. Measurement is performed as shown in FIG. In this case, the minimum blood pressure is not calculated. Alternatively, the measurement time until the minimum blood pressure can be calculated becomes longer, and the burden on the person being measured increases.
- the depressurization rate is larger than the ideal pressure change, and particularly when the depressurization rate on the high pressure side is large, that is, when the change in the internal pressure of the fluid bag 13 is a curve (2), the internal pressure of the artery according to the pressure change (decompression) of the fluid bag 13 Is measured as shown in FIG. In this case, the maximum blood pressure is not calculated. Or the calculation precision of a blood-pressure value falls.
- the driving voltage E of the valve 22 is adjusted so as to bring the change in the internal pressure of the fluid bag 13 close to the curve (3) using the following principle. 19 and 20, the fluid bag 13 is added to a pressure Pmax obtained by adding a predetermined pressure ⁇ to the maximum blood pressure value P1 predicted from the change in the internal pressure of the fluid bag 13 during the pressurization process.
- the pressure reduction speed of the fluid bag 13 when the internal pressure of the fluid bag 13 reaches P2 reduced by a predetermined pressure from Pmax is a range in which the change in internal pressure is sandwiched between the broken line A and the broken line B.
- the internal pressure of the fluid bag 13 in the pressurization process is predicted to the highest blood pressure value P1.
- the point reached is “SBP prediction point”
- the point at which the internal pressure of the body bag 13 is increased to Pmax is the “maximum pressurization point”
- the point at which the internal pressure of the fluid bag 13 is reduced from Pmax to P2 is the “adjustment point”
- the fluid bag 13 in the process of pressure reduction The point at which the internal pressure becomes the actual maximum blood pressure value P1 ′ is referred to as “SBP actual measurement point”.
- a broken line A and a broken line B shown in FIG. 20 are ranges of pressure change where the upper and lower limits are about 5 mmHg / sec to 20 mmHg / sec between the systolic blood pressure and the diastolic blood pressure during the subsequent decompression.
- the pulse wave number of at least 5 beats is measured between the maximum blood pressure and the minimum blood pressure during the subsequent decompression. This is because, in order to ensure measurement accuracy, it is required that a pulse wave number of at least 5 beats be measured between the maximum blood pressure and the minimum blood pressure during decompression.
- a time t1 from the adjustment point to the SBP actual measurement point corresponds to a time of at least one pulse, for example, about 2 seconds. That is, the adjustment point is a point at least before the time of one pulse from the SBP actual measurement point. This is because in order to calculate the systolic blood pressure value from the measured value, not only the measured value at the actual SBP actual measurement point, but also the measured value for at least one pulse before and after the measured value is required. Further, for the same reason, the highest pressurization point is also a point at least before the time of one beat of the pulse from the SBP actual measurement point, and the pressurization amount ⁇ to the pressure P1 based on at least the time of one pulse. Is set.
- the sphygmomanometer 1 ′′ adjusts the drive voltage E of the valve 22 so that the pressure reduction speed of the fluid bag 13 is within the target pressure reduction speed range from the maximum pressure point to the adjustment point, Thereafter, the adjusted drive voltage E is held at least until the calculation of the blood pressure value is completed, whereby the period from the highest pressurization point represented by period I in FIGS. "Adjustment period of drive voltage E" ", and the period until the subsequent calculation of blood pressure value represented by period II is" fixed period (of drive voltage E) ".
- the adjustment point (or adjustment period) and the target decompression speed can be set in advance, for example, based on statistical results of a lot of measurement data.
- the adjustment point is preset and stored.
- the maximum pressurization point that is, the pressure ⁇ is added to the predicted maximum blood pressure value P1.
- a point at which pressure is reduced by 20 mmHg from Pmax can be set, and the target pressure reduction speed can be set at, for example, 15 mmHg / sec, and in the following specific examples, it is assumed that these values are set. .
- the sphygmomanometer 1 ′′ includes a CPU 40 of the hardware configuration of the sphygmomanometer 1 according to the first embodiment shown in FIG. Includes a threshold value storage unit 45 and an adjustment determination unit 47 in place of the circumference information acquisition unit 41 and the valve drive voltage determination unit 43. These are memories based on an operation signal input from the operation unit 3 by the CPU 40. 6 is formed in the CPU 40 by executing a predetermined program stored in 6.
- the threshold storage unit 45 stores a target decompression speed, which is within a certain range.
- the adjustment determination unit 47 determines the drive voltage E of the valve 22 based on the change in the internal pressure of the fluid bag 13, and compares the decompression speed of the fluid bag 13 with the stored target decompression speed. Adjust E.
- FIG. 22 is a flowchart showing a first specific example of the process executed at the timing when the measurement switch 32 is operated in the sphygmomanometer 1 ′′.
- the process shown in the flowchart of FIG. This processing is realized by executing a predetermined program stored in Fig. 22.
- the processing given the same step number as the flowchart in Fig. 2 is the same as the processing in the sphygmomanometer 1.
- CPU 40 monitors the input of an operation signal from operation unit 3, and when it is detected that measurement switch 32 is operated, circumference information is obtained in step S ⁇ b> 101 in sphygmomanometer 1.
- step S103 and S105 a control signal is output to the pump drive circuit 26, and the fluid bag 13 is pressurized until the fluid bag 13 reaches a predetermined pressure.
- the CPU 40 outputs a control signal to the pump drive circuit 26 in step S107 and stops pressurization of the fluid bag 13. This point corresponds to the highest pressure point.
- steps S501 to S509 are performed. That is, after stopping pressurization of the fluid bag 13 in step S107, a control signal is output to the pump drive circuit 26 in step S501, and pressure reduction is started. In the decompression process, if it is within the adjustment period, that is, if the difference between the internal pressure of the fluid bag 13 and the internal pressure Pmax at the maximum pressurization point is within 20 mmHg (YES in S503), the CPU 40 causes the adjustment determination unit 47 to make the fluid bag.
- a correction amount ⁇ V defined in advance in Step S507 is added to correct the current driving voltage of the valve 22.
- the correction of the drive voltage E in steps S505 and S507 is repeated until the pressure reduction speed of the internal pressure of the fluid bag 13 coincides with the target pressure reduction speed of 15 mmHg / sec or falls within a predetermined range within the adjustment period.
- the pressure reduction speed of the internal pressure of the fluid bag 13 coincides with the target pressure reduction speed of 15 mmHg / sec or falls within a predetermined range (YES in S505), or the adjustment period ends, that is, the internal pressure of the fluid bag 13 is the highest.
- the CPU 40 determines the drive voltage E set at that time in the adjustment determination unit 47 as the drive voltage E of the subsequent valve 22, A control signal is output to the valve drive circuit 27 so as to drive the valve 22 while maintaining the drive voltage E, and the pressure reduction of the fluid bag 13 is continued.
- the blood pressure value is calculated from the measured value under the drive voltage E fixed in step S505, and the series of processes is completed.
- the drive voltage E of the valve 22 is adjusted between the maximum pressurization point and the adjustment point. 18), the pressure change of the fluid bag 13 can be brought close to the curve (3) of FIG. Even when there is an influence of (tilt state), the detection accuracy of the volume change of the blood vessel can be brought close to a constant, and the measurement accuracy can be improved.
- the driving voltage E of the valve 22 is fixed to the adjusted voltage in the fixed period after the adjustment point.
- the difference between the highest blood pressure and the lowest blood pressure of the person to be measured blood pressure range. Is large, the internal pressure of the fluid bag 13 may remain within the blood pressure range even after the measurement necessary for calculating the blood pressure value is completed.
- Examples of the measurement necessary for calculating the blood pressure value include measurement as described above, in which the pulse rate measured between the maximum blood pressure and the minimum blood pressure during decompression is about 5. Accordingly, if the measurement is continued further, the measurement site is continuously compressed by the fluid bag 13, and the burden on the subject increases. Therefore, preferably, the CPU 40 of the sphygmomanometer 1 ′′ executes the process shown in FIG.
- CPU 40 monitors the number of pulses measured from the change in internal pressure of fluid bag 13 in subsequent measurement processing in adjustment determination unit 47. To do. For example, “5” or the like is stored in advance in the adjustment determination unit 47 as the pulse rate necessary for calculating the blood pressure value. When it is detected that the measured number of pulses is equal to or greater than the necessary stored pulse rate (YES in S511), the adjustment determination unit 47 determines the internal pressure reduction rate of the fluid bag 13 and the threshold in advance. The decompression speed stored in the value storage unit 45 as a threshold value for determining an appropriate decompression speed is compared.
- the adjustment determination unit 47 in step S515 determines the correction amount ⁇ defined in advance.
- V ′ is added to correct the current driving voltage of the valve 22. Alternatively, it may be calculated in the same manner as the correction amount ⁇ V.
- the adjustment determination unit 47 uses the pressure reduction speed of the fluid bag 13 and the threshold storage unit 45 stores the target pressure reduction stored in advance.
- the valve 22 that brings the change in the internal pressure of the fluid bag 13 closer to the assumed curve shown in the curve (3) of FIG.
- Other methods may be used as long as the driving voltage E is adjusted, for example, when a measuring mechanism for measuring the current consumption in the valve 22 is provided, a target current value is stored in the threshold value storage unit 45 in advance.
- the drive voltage E may be adjusted by comparing the current consumption value at the valve 22 with the stored target current value, or the adjustment determination unit 47 may drive the drive voltage E of the valve 22.
- the current consumption may be adjusted instead of or
- the value storage unit 45 stores in advance the correspondence between the environmental conditions and placement (tilting condition) and the drive voltage E suitable for the conditions, and the environmental conditions and placing (tilting condition) detected by the adjustment determining unit 47. ) May be read out and set, and in this case, the adjustment determination unit 47 may receive an input of environmental conditions from the operation unit 3 and use it for adjustment.
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Abstract
Description
(1)流体袋の圧力が高いほど、流体袋内の流体の密度は高い、
(2)流体袋の容積が大きいほど血管の容積変化に伴う流体袋内の流体の密度変化は小さいため、血管の容積変化の検出精度は低い、
(3)流体袋の容積変化が同じ場合、流体袋の圧力が高いほど流体袋の容積変化に伴う流体袋内の流体の密度変化が大きくなるため、血管の容積変化の検出精度は高くなる、
(4)流体袋の圧力が同じであっても、流体袋内の流体の排出量によって血管の容積変化による流体袋の容積変化の大きさが変化するため、血管の容積変化の検出精度は異なる、
(5)流体袋内の流体の排出量が多いほど、血管の容積変化による流体袋の容積変化は小さくなるため、血管の容積変化の検出精度は低くなる。
好ましくは、制御部は制御量として弁の消費電流を調整する。
上記目的を達成するために、本発明のさらに他の局面に従うと、血圧測定装置は、流体袋と、流体袋に流体を注入して加圧するための加圧部と、流体袋に備えられる弁を含み、流体袋から流体を排出して減圧するための減圧部と、流体袋の内圧変化を測定するためのセンサと、減圧部によって流体袋から流体を排出する減圧過程においてセンサで得られる流体袋の内圧変化に基づいて、血圧値を算出するための血圧測定部と、加圧部、減圧部、および血圧測定部を制御するための制御部とを備え、制御部は、減圧過程において排出量が流体袋の減圧速度と比例関係となるように減圧部での流体の排出量を制御するための制御量である弁のギャップを決定し、減圧過程において弁のギャップを決定されたギャップに保持するよう制御することで排出量を制御し、減圧過程の開始から所定の期間に、流体袋の減圧速度が所定範囲内となるように決定された制御量を調整することで、弁の設置傾きの影響を補正する。
図1を参照して、本発明の第1の実施の形態にかかる血圧測定装置である血圧計1は、本体2と、測定部位に巻付けるカフ5とを備え、それらがチューブ10で接続される。本体2の正面には、スイッチ等の操作部3と、測定結果等を表示する表示部4とが配備される。操作部3には、電源のON/OFFを指示するための電源スイッチ31、測定の開始を指示するための測定スイッチ32、測定の停止を指示するための停止スイッチ33、および記録されている測定値を呼出して表示させるための記録呼出スイッチ34などが含まれる。カフ5には流体袋13が配置される。流体袋13に注入され、流体袋13から排出される流体は、たとえば空気が該当する。カフ5を測定部位に巻付けることで流体袋13が測定部位に押付けられる。測定部位としては、たとえば上腕または手首などが挙げられる。
駆動電圧E=α×周長情報+β …式(1)。
図8は、血圧計1において測定スイッチ32が操作されたタイミングで実行される処理の、変形例を示すフローチャートである。図8に示される処理においては、図3に示された第2の具体例と同様に、ステップS201~S205で流体袋13の圧力が所定圧力に達するまでの加圧時間に基づいて測定部位の周長が推定されると共に、その後の加圧過程において、ステップS301でCPU40は、圧力センサ23から得られた流体袋13の内圧変化に基づいて最高血圧値を推定し、ステップS303で流体袋13の加圧終了時の圧力を算出する。血圧計1は所定圧力まで流体袋13を加圧した後の減圧過程で得られる流体袋13の内圧変化に基づいて血圧値を算出する構成である。そのため、ステップS303では、好ましくは、CPU40は、ステップS301で推定された最高血圧値よりも所定圧力値分高い圧力値を加圧終了圧力として算出する。流体袋13の圧力がステップS303で算出された加圧終了圧力に達すると(ステップS105’でYES)、以降、図2や図3に示された処理と同様にして駆動電圧Eが決定されて、駆動電圧Eを保持して弁を駆動させるような制御が行なわれる減圧過程において血圧値が算出される。
駆動電圧E=α×周長情報+β+オフセット量S、
オフセット量S=推定最高血圧値×γ …式(2)。
図13を参照して、本発明の第2の実施の形態にかかる血圧測定装置である血圧計1’は、図1に示された第1の実施の形態の血圧計1のハードウェア構成に加えて、チューブ10で流体袋13に接続された、非圧性流体を保管するためのタンク54をさらに備える。タンク54は、ポンプ51および弁52に接続される。ポンプ51および弁52は、各々、ポンプ駆動回路56および弁駆動回路57に接続され、さらに、ポンプ駆動回路56および弁駆動回路57は、各々、CPU40に接続される。CPU40は、操作部3から入力される操作信号に基づいてメモリ6に記憶されている所定のプログラムを実行することで、ポンプ51および弁52を駆動させるための電圧を決定し、ポンプ駆動回路56および弁駆動回路57に、決定された電圧に応じた制御信号を出力する。ポンプ51が駆動することで、タンク54に保管されている非圧縮性流体がチューブ10を介して流体袋13に流入する。弁52が駆動することで、流体袋13内の非圧縮性流体が排出される。
以上の第1の実施の形態および第2の実施の形態では、駆動電圧Eを一定となるように制御して弁22のギャップを一定とすることで、弁22からの排出量と流体袋13の減圧速度とを比例関係にすることができるものとしている。しかしながら、排気弁は弁の製造バラツキや環境条件などの影響を受けやすい。
△V=A(Vt-V)+B、
ただし、Aは補正係数(ゲイン)、Bは補正係数(オフセット)、Vtは目標の減圧速度、およびVは流体袋13の減圧速度とする。
Claims (13)
- 流体袋と、
前記流体袋に流体を注入して加圧するための加圧部と、
前記流体袋に備えられる弁を含み、前記流体袋から流体を排出して減圧するための減圧部と、
前記流体袋の内圧変化を測定するためのセンサと、
前記減圧部によって前記流体袋から流体を排出する減圧過程において前記センサで得られる前記流体袋の内圧変化に基づいて、血圧値を算出するための血圧測定部と、
前記加圧部、前記減圧部、および前記血圧測定部を制御するための制御部とを備え、
前記制御部は、
前記減圧過程において前記排出量が前記流体袋の減圧速度と比例関係となるように前記減圧部での前記流体の排出量を制御するための制御量である前記弁のギャップを決定し、前記減圧過程において前記弁のギャップを決定されたギャップに保持するよう制御することで前記排出量を制御し、
前記減圧過程の開始から所定の期間に、前記流体袋の減圧速度が所定範囲内となるように前記決定された制御量を調整することで、前記弁の製造バラツキの影響を補正する、血圧測定装置。 - 前記制御部は、前記所定の期間の後の測定時に、前記流体袋の減圧速度が所定速度よりも速くなるように前記調整された制御量をさらに調整する、請求の範囲第1項に記載の血圧測定装置。
- 前記制御部は、前記減圧過程において前記流体袋の内圧に重畳する脈圧を所定回数以上検出すると、前記調整された制御量をさらに調整する、請求の範囲第2項に記載の血圧測定装置。
- 前記制御部は、前記制御量として前記弁を駆動させるための駆動電圧を調整する、請求の範囲第1項に記載の血圧測定装置。
- 前記制御部は、前記制御量として前記弁の消費電流を調整する、請求の範囲第1項に記載の血圧測定装置。
- 前記制御部は前記弁の消費電流としきい値とを比較することで前記流体袋の減圧速度が所定範囲内であるか否かを判断する、請求の範囲第1項に記載の血圧測定装置。
- 前記所定の期間は、前記減圧過程の開始から、前記減圧過程において前記流体袋の内圧に最初に脈波が重畳するよりも少なくとも一拍の脈拍分以前までの期間である、請求の範囲第1項に記載の血圧測定装置。
- 前記制御部は、前記流体袋の内圧が最高血圧から最低血圧まで変化する時間内に所定数以上の脈拍数が含まれる減圧速度となるように前記制御量である前記弁のギャップを決定する、請求の範囲第1項に記載の血圧測定装置。
- 流体袋と、
前記流体袋に流体を注入して加圧するための加圧部と、
前記流体袋に備えられる弁を含み、前記流体袋から流体を排出して減圧するための減圧部と、
前記流体袋の内圧変化を測定するためのセンサと、
前記減圧部によって前記流体袋から流体を排出する減圧過程において前記センサで得られる前記流体袋の内圧変化に基づいて、血圧値を算出するための血圧測定部と、
前記加圧部、前記減圧部、および前記血圧測定部を制御するための制御部とを備え、
前記制御部は、
前記減圧過程において前記排出量が前記流体袋の減圧速度と比例関係となるように前記減圧部での前記流体の排出量を制御するための制御量である前記弁のギャップを決定し、前記減圧過程において前記弁のギャップを決定されたギャップに保持するよう制御することで前記排出量を制御し、
前記減圧過程の開始から所定の期間に、前記流体袋の減圧速度が所定範囲内となるように前記決定された制御量を調整することで、気温および湿度などの環境条件の影響を補正する、血圧測定装置。 - 前記環境条件の入力するための入力部をさらに備える、請求の範囲第9項に記載の血圧測定装置。
- 流体袋と、
前記流体袋に流体を注入して加圧するための加圧部と、
前記流体袋に備えられる弁を含み、前記流体袋から流体を排出して減圧するための減圧部と、
前記流体袋の内圧変化を測定するためのセンサと、
前記減圧部によって前記流体袋から流体を排出する減圧過程において前記センサで得られる前記流体袋の内圧変化に基づいて、血圧値を算出するための血圧測定部と、
前記加圧部、前記減圧部、および前記血圧測定部を制御するための制御部とを備え、
前記制御部は、
前記減圧過程において前記排出量が前記流体袋の減圧速度と比例関係となるように前記減圧部での前記流体の排出量を制御するための制御量である前記弁のギャップを決定し、前記減圧過程において前記弁のギャップを決定されたギャップに保持するよう制御することで前記排出量を制御し、
前記減圧過程の開始から所定の期間に、前記流体袋の減圧速度が所定範囲内となるように前記決定された制御量を調整することで、前記弁の設置傾きの影響を補正する、血圧測定装置。 - 流体袋と、前記流体袋の内圧変化に基づいて血圧値を算出するための演算部とを含んだ電子血圧計の制御方法であって、
前記流体袋には弁が備えられ、
前記流体袋を所定の圧力まで加圧するステップと、
前記加圧の後、前記弁の駆動するための電圧を決定するステップと、
前記決定された電圧で前記弁を駆動することで、前記弁のギャップを決定されたギャップに保持して前記流体袋を減圧するステップと、
前記減圧過程における前記流体袋の内圧変化から血圧値を算出するステップと、
前記血圧値を出力するステップとを備え、
前記弁の駆動するための電圧を決定するステップでは、前記流体の排出量を制御するための制御量としての前記弁のギャップが、前記減圧過程において前記排出量が前記流体袋の減圧速度と比例関係となるように決定する、電子血圧計の制御方法。 - 流体袋と、前記流体袋の内圧変化に基づいて血圧値を算出するための演算部とを含んだ電子血圧計に血圧測定の動作を実行させるためのプログラムであって、
前記流体袋には弁が備えられ、
前記流体袋を所定の圧力まで加圧するステップと、
前記加圧の後、前記弁の駆動するための電圧を決定するステップと、
前記決定された電圧で前記弁を駆動することで、前記弁のギャップを決定されたギャップに保持して前記流体袋を減圧するステップと、
前記減圧過程における前記流体袋の内圧変化から血圧値を算出するステップと、
前記血圧値を出力するステップとを前記電子血圧計に実行させ、
前記弁の駆動するための電圧を決定するステップでは、前記流体の排出量を制御するための制御量としての前記弁のギャップが、前記減圧過程において前記排出量が前記流体袋の減圧速度と比例関係となるように決定する、電子血圧計の制御プログラム。
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JP2011104269A (ja) | 2011-06-02 |
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JP5233967B2 (ja) | 2013-07-10 |
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