WO2011054171A1 - 酪氨酸衍生物类组蛋白去乙酰化酶抑制剂及其应用 - Google Patents

酪氨酸衍生物类组蛋白去乙酰化酶抑制剂及其应用 Download PDF

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WO2011054171A1
WO2011054171A1 PCT/CN2010/001483 CN2010001483W WO2011054171A1 WO 2011054171 A1 WO2011054171 A1 WO 2011054171A1 CN 2010001483 W CN2010001483 W CN 2010001483W WO 2011054171 A1 WO2011054171 A1 WO 2011054171A1
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hydroxyamino
carbonylethoxy
amido
tetrahydroisoquinoline
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French (fr)
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徐文方
张颖杰
方浩
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寿光富康制药有限公司
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C271/00Derivatives of carbamic acids, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups, the nitrogen atom not being part of nitro or nitroso groups
    • C07C271/06Esters of carbamic acids
    • C07C271/08Esters of carbamic acids having oxygen atoms of carbamate groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms
    • C07C271/10Esters of carbamic acids having oxygen atoms of carbamate groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms with the nitrogen atoms of the carbamate groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms
    • C07C271/22Esters of carbamic acids having oxygen atoms of carbamate groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms with the nitrogen atoms of the carbamate groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms to carbon atoms of hydrocarbon radicals substituted by carboxyl groups
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P29/00Non-central analgesic, antipyretic or antiinflammatory agents, e.g. antirheumatic agents; Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAID]
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P3/00Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
    • A61P3/08Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis
    • A61P3/10Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis for hyperglycaemia, e.g. antidiabetics
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P31/00Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
    • A61P31/12Antivirals
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P33/00Antiparasitic agents
    • A61P33/02Antiprotozoals, e.g. for leishmaniasis, trichomoniasis, toxoplasmosis
    • A61P33/06Antimalarials
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P33/00Antiparasitic agents
    • A61P33/10Anthelmintics
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P35/00Antineoplastic agents
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P35/00Antineoplastic agents
    • A61P35/02Antineoplastic agents specific for leukemia
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C269/00Preparation of derivatives of carbamic acid, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups, the nitrogen atom not being part of nitro or nitroso groups
    • C07C269/04Preparation of derivatives of carbamic acid, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups, the nitrogen atom not being part of nitro or nitroso groups from amines with formation of carbamate groups
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C269/00Preparation of derivatives of carbamic acid, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups, the nitrogen atom not being part of nitro or nitroso groups
    • C07C269/06Preparation of derivatives of carbamic acid, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups, the nitrogen atom not being part of nitro or nitroso groups by reactions not involving the formation of carbamate groups
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D217/00Heterocyclic compounds containing isoquinoline or hydrogenated isoquinoline ring systems
    • C07D217/22Heterocyclic compounds containing isoquinoline or hydrogenated isoquinoline ring systems with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to carbon atoms of the nitrogen-containing ring
    • C07D217/26Carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a class of tyrosine derivatives histone deacetylase inhibitors, and a preparation method thereof and use thereof, belonging to the field of chemical technology. Background technique
  • Histone deacetylases are a class of complex hydrolases.
  • a nucleosome composed of a histone octamer entangled by a DNA strand is a structural unit constituting a chromosome, and histone deacetylases (HDACs) can bind an amino group at the terminal end of a lysine residue in histone.
  • the acetyl group is hydrolyzed (as in reaction formula 11), resulting in an increase in the positive charge density of histones, which in turn causes a pro- and force-enhancement of histones and negatively charged DMs, and gene transcription is made by the gods (see Christian, ⁇ . ⁇ ., et al. Curr. Op in. Chera. Biol., 1997, 1, 300 ; Kouzarides, T. , Curr. Op in. Genet. Dev. , 1999, 9, 40); Wolff e, AP Sci. Washington, 1996, 272, 371.
  • HDACs are closely related to the development of tumor cells, such as inhibiting tumor cell differentiation and apoptosis, promoting tumor cell proliferation, 3 ⁇ 4 migration and angiogenesis. Enhance the resistance of tumor cells to chemotherapeutic drugs, etc. (see Witt, 0., et al. Cancer Letter., 2009, 277, 8) 0
  • HDACs HDACi inhibitors, HDACi
  • HDACi HDACi
  • HDACi has the advantages of wide anti-tumor spectrum and low toxic and side effects, and it has good inhibitory activity against solid tumors, leukemia and lymphatics. Therefore, designing inhibitors for HDACs as targets has become a hot spot for anti-tumor drugs.
  • HDACi pharmacophores mostly include the following three parts: zinc ion chelating group (ZBG), hydrophobic long chain (Linker) and protein surface recognition domain (Surface Recognition Domain)
  • ZBG zinc ion chelating group
  • Linker hydrophobic long chain
  • Protein Surface Recognition Domain protein surface recognition domain
  • the zinc ion chelating group is a hydroxamic acid group, and therefore, the present invention also employs a hydroxamic acid group as a zinc ion chelating group.
  • (S) - 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid is a non-egg-white alpha-amino acid.
  • (S) _Tic has a special molecular geometry and specific biological activity that has received great attention. It has been used as a key chiral material for the synthesis of peptides and peptide-like inhibitors of various enzymes. , for example, angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors (see Hayashi, K., et al. Chem. Pharm. Bull., 1985, 33, 2011.), matrix metal 3 ⁇ 4 white enzyme-8 (MP-8) inhibition Agent (see Matter, H., et al. Bioorg. Med.
  • ACE angiotensin converting enzyme
  • MP-8 matrix metal 3 ⁇ 4 white enzyme-8
  • the present invention is directed to the deficiencies of the prior art, and provides a tyrosine derivative group S white deacetylase inhibitor, a preparation method thereof and use thereof.
  • R is aryl, heteroaryl, aryl C1-6, heteroaryl C1-9: alkyl, aryl C2- 6 alkenyl, heteroaryl C2-6 alkenyl, aryl C2- 6 alkynyl, heteroaryl C2-6 alkynyl, C1-6 fluorenyl, heteroindenyl or s-alkyl, optionally substituted by one or more of the following groups: hydroxy, halo, nitro, cyano, halo C1- ⁇ , C1-8 ⁇ oxy, C1-6 alkylcarbonyl, C1-8 alkoxycarbonyl, pendant C1-8 alkoxycarbonyl;
  • R 2 is hydrogen, an acyl group prepared from various amino acids, an aroyl group, a heteroaroyl group, an aryl CH6 alkanoyl group, a heteroaryl G1-9 decanoyl group, a C1-6 decanoyl group, a cyclodecanoyl group, an arylsulfonyl group Anthracene, heterosulfonyl, aryl Ci-6 sulfonyl or heteroaryl C1-9 sulfonyl, optionally substituted by one or more of the following groups: hydroxy, halo, nitro, cyano, carboxy, halo C1-8 alkyl, C1-8 decyloxy, C1-6 alkylcarbonyl, C1-8 'houseoxycarbonyl or aryl C1-8 alkoxycarbonyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aryl C1-6 alkane Base, heteroaryl C1- 9 fluorenyl, aryl C2-6 al
  • R 3 is a hydroxamic acid group, a carboxyl group, a methoxy group, an amide group or a hydrazide group;
  • [0017] * is a stereo configuration of S or; R optical purity or its racemate.
  • the above compound (I) is one of the following:
  • the preparation of the peptidomimetic compound of the above formula (I) is: (S)-7-hydroxy-&,8-diiodo-1, 2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline 3-carboxylic acid hydrochloride, (S)-2-tert-butoxycarbonyl-7-hydroxy-6,8-diiodo-1, 2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid, (S)-2-tert-butoxycarbonyl-7-hydroxy-1, 2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid or (S)-N-benzyloxycarbonyl Base-tyrosine.
  • the present invention also provides the use of these compounds for the prevention or treatment of a medicament for a mammalian disease associated with abnormal expression of histone deacetylase activity.
  • the mammalian diseases associated with abnormal expression of histone deacetylase activity include: cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, viral infections, inflammation, leukemia, malaria, diabetes, etc. Therefore, the present invention relates to a compound containing (I) structural compound.
  • Pharmaceutical composition .
  • the present invention also encompasses a pharmaceutical composition suitable for oral administration to a mammal, comprising any of the compounds of the above formula (I), and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, optionally comprising one or more pharmaceutically acceptable agents Acceptable excipients.
  • the present invention BJf further includes a pharmaceutical composition suitable for parenteral administration to a lactating animal, comprising the above formula
  • Aryl means an aromatic carbocyclic group. Preferred aromatic rings contain from 6 to 10 carbon atoms.
  • Heteroaryl is an aromatic heterocyclic ring which may be a monocyclic or bicyclic group.
  • Preferred heteroaryl groups include, for example, thienyl, furyl, pyrrolyl, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, thiazolyl, pyrimidinyl, quinolinyl, and tetrazolyl, benzothiazolyl, benzofuranyl , ⁇ , etc.
  • Heteroalkyl means a saturated or unsaturated chain containing a carbon atom and at least one hetero atom, wherein any one of the heteroatoms is not adjacent.
  • the heterocyclic group contains 2 to 15 atoms (carbon atoms), preferably 2 to 10 atoms.
  • the heterocyclic group may be straight or branched, substituted or *substituted.
  • Cyclodecyl is a substituted or unsubstituted, saturated or unsaturated cyclic group containing a carbon atom and/or one or more heteroatoms.
  • the ring may be a single ring or a fused ring, a bridged ring or an anthracene ring.
  • the monocyclic ring usually has 3 to 9 atoms, preferably 4 to 7 atoms, the polycyclic ring contains 7 to ⁇ atoms, and the superior contains ⁇ -1 3 atoms.
  • Halogen or halogen includes fluoro, chloro, bromo or iodo, preferably fluoro and chloro. '
  • acyl group prepared by various amino acids means a group obtained by acylating a carboxyl group of various amino acids, preferably a hydrophobic amino acid such as glycine, alanine, helium acid, leucine, and different light. Amino acid, phenylalanine, valine.
  • Aroyl means a group having a carbonyl group attached to the terminal of the aromatic carbocyclic ring, and a preferred aromatic ring contains 6 to 10 carbon atoms.
  • Heteroaroyl means a group to which an aromatic heterocyclic ring is terminally bonded to a carbonyl group, and may be a monocyclic or bicyclic group.
  • Preferred heteroaryl groups include thienyl, furyl, pyrrolyl, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, thiazolyl, pyrimidinyl, quinolinyl and tetrazolyl, benzothiazolyl, benzofuranyl, fluorene Base.
  • Cyclodecanoyl refers to a substituted or substituted, saturated or unsaturated cyclic terminal to which a carbonyl group is attached, which contains a carbon atom and/or one or more heteroatoms.
  • the ring may be a single ring or a fused ring, a bridged ring or a spiro ring.
  • the monocyclic ring usually has 3 to 9 atoms, preferably -7 atoms, and the polycyclic ring contains 7 to 17 atoms, preferably 7 to 13 atoms.
  • “Pharmaceutically acceptable salt” refers to a salt form of a compound of formula (I) which is therapeutically effective and non-toxic. It may form an anionic salt from any acidic group such as a carboxyl group, or a cationic salt from any basic group such as an amino group. Many such salts are known in the art. a cationic salt formed on any acidic group such as a carboxyl group, or an anionic salt formed on any base 3 ⁇ 41 group such as an amino group. Many of these salts are known in the art: for example, cationic salts include salts of alkali metals such as sodium and potassium, and alkaline earth metals such as magnesium and calcium, and organic salts such as ammonium salts.
  • an anionic salt by subjecting the corresponding acid to the basic form of (I), such as an inorganic acid such as sulfuric acid, nitric acid, pity acid, etc.; or an organic acid such as acetic acid, propionic acid, glycolic acid, 2 -hydroxypropionic acid, 2-oxopropionic acid, oxalic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, Malic acid, tartaric acid, 2-hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid, methanesulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid, benzoic acid, transacid, 4-methylbenzenesulfonic acid, cyclohexylsulfinic acid, 2-hydroxyl Benzoic acid, 4-amino-2-hydroxybenzoic acid, and the like.
  • an inorganic acid such as sulfuric acid, nitric acid, pity acid, etc.
  • an organic acid such as acetic acid, propionic acid
  • salts are well known to the skilled artisan and the skilled artisan can prepare any salt provided by the art. In addition, the skilled artisan may take another salt according to factors such as degree of hydrolysis, stability, ease of preparation, and the like. The determination and optimization of these salts is within the skill of the artisan.
  • a “solvate” is a complex formed by a combination of a solute (such as a metal oxidase inhibitor) and a solvent (such as water). See J. Honig et al, The Van Nostrand Chemist's Dictionary, p. 650 (1953).
  • the pharmaceutically acceptable solvents employed in the present invention include those which do not interfere with the biological activity of metalloproteinase inhibitors (e.g., water, ethanol, acetic acid, N, N-dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, and the field). Solvents known to the skilled person or readily determinable).
  • optical isomer As used herein, "optical isomer”, “enantiomer”, “diastereomer”, “racemate” and the like define all possible stereoisomers of a compound of the invention or a physiological derivative thereof.
  • the form of the body Unless otherwise indicated, the chemical nomenclature of the compounds of the invention includes mixtures of all possible stereochemical forms, the mixtures comprising all diastereomers and enantiomers of the basic structural molecule, and the substantially pure individual isomers of the compounds of the invention.
  • Form i.e., other isomers containing less than 10%, preferably less than 5%, especially less than 2%, and most preferably less than 1%.
  • Various stereoisomer forms of the peptoid compounds of the invention are clearly encompassed within the scope of the invention.
  • substituents may itself be substituted with one or more substituents.
  • substituents include all of the substituents listed in C. Hansch A. Leo, Substituent Constants for Correlation Analysis in Chemistry and Biology (1979).
  • Preferred substituents include, for example, an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkoxy group, a hydroxyl group, an oxy group, a nitro group, a gas group, a M group oxime (e.g., a nitrogen group, etc.), a cyano group, a halogen group, a benzyl group, a carbonyl group.
  • Oxyl e.g., carbonyl ethoxy, etc.
  • thio aryl, cyclodecyl, heteroaryl, heterocycloalkyl (e.g., piperidinyl, morpholinyl, pyrrolyl, etc.), imino, hydroxyalkyl , aryloxy, arylalkyl, and combinations thereof.
  • the preparation method comprises the following steps:
  • Synthetic route 2 using L-tyrosine as a raw material, a protected amine group, a polypeptide condensation-bonding R t group, nucleophilic reaction with methyl bromoacetate, and finally hydroxydecanoic acid.
  • the reaction formula is as follows - [0089] Synthetic route 2: '
  • & is an aryl group, a heteroaryl group, an aryl C1-6 alkyl group, a heteroaryl C1-6 alkyl group, an aryl C2- 6 alkenyl group, a heteroaryl C2- 6 alkenyl group, an aryl group C2- 6 alkynyl, heteroaryl C2- 6 alkynyl, C1-6 alkyl, heteroalkyl, cyclodecyl, optionally substituted by one or more of the following groups: hydroxy, halo, nitro, cyano , halogen C1- 8 fluorenyl, C1-8 alkoxy, C1-6' benzylcarbonyl, C1-8 alkoxycarbonyl fluorene, aryl C1- 8 fluorenylcarbonyl.
  • the reagent in the above formula 2 is: (h) benzyl chloroformate, 1 mol/L sodium hydroxide solution; (1) various amines, dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, 1-hydroxybenzoic acid Triazole, anhydrous tetrahydrofuran; (j) methyl bromoacetate, potassium sulphate, anhydrous N, N-dimethylformamide; (k) potassium hydroxyamine, anhydrous methanol.
  • HDACs zinc ion-dependent histone deacetylases
  • the trypsin hydrolyzes Boc-Lys-AMC to produce a fluorescent group (ie, chromophore) of AMC, and the fluorescence intensity is measured at the emission wavelength/excitation wavelength (390 ⁇ /460 ⁇ TM), thereby The inhibition intensity of the control group was calculated and the IC50 value was determined.
  • the principle of enzyme activity test is shown in Reaction Scheme III. '
  • the cell viability of the compound was tested using the thiazolyl assay ( ⁇ method), the human colon cancer cell line (HCT116), the human ovarian cancer cell line (SK0V3), and the human acute leukemia cell line (HL60).
  • the cells were inoculated into a 96-well plate, and a medium containing different concentrations of the compound was added to each well. After incubation, the cells were stained with MTT, and after incubation, the absorbance (0D value) of each well was measured at 570 nm on a microplate reader, and calculated. The rate of cell growth inhibition determines the activity of the compound.
  • the tyrosine derivative of the present invention is spatially matched to the active site: site of histone deacetylase, and thus exhibits a high inhibitory activity in vitro.
  • composition containing a compound of the invention
  • Part of the derivatives of the invention may exist in free form or in the form of a salt.
  • a wide variety of pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the compounds and methods for their preparation are known to those skilled in the art.
  • Pharmaceutically acceptable salts include the conventional non-toxic salts, including the quaternary ammonium salts of such compound bases with inorganic or organic acids.
  • the compounds of the invention may form hydrates or solvates. Methods of forming a solvate when the compound is lyophilized with water or condensed with a suitable organic solvent are known to those skilled in the art.
  • the invention includes a pharmaceutical composition comprising a therapeutic amount of a compound of the invention, and a pharmaceutical composition comprising one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers and/or excipients.
  • Carriers include, for example, saline, buffered saline, dextrose, water, glycerol, ethanol, and combinations thereof, as discussed in more detail below.
  • the composition may also contain minor amounts of wetting or emulsifying agents, or pH buffers, if desired.
  • the composition may be a liquid, suspension, emulsion, tablet, pill, capsule, sustained release formulation or powder.
  • the composition can be formulated as a suppository with a conventional binder and a carrier such as triglyceride.
  • Oral formulations may include standard carriers such as pharmaceutical grades of mannitol, lactose, starch, magnesium stearate, sodium saccharin, cellulose and magnesium carbonate, and the like. Depending on the formulation desired, the formulation can be designed to mix, granulate and compress or dissolve the ingredients. In another approach, the composition can be formulated into nanoparticles.
  • the pharmaceutical carrier used may be a solid or a liquid.
  • Typical solid carriers include L sugar, gypsum powder, sucrose, talc, gel, agar, pectin, acacia, magnesium stearate, stearic acid and the like.
  • the solid carrier may comprise one or more substances which may act as both a flavoring agent, a lubricant, a solubilizer, a suspending agent, a filler, a glidant, a compression aid, a binder or a tablet-disintegrant; It can be an encapsulating material.
  • the carrier is a finely divided solid, it is mixed in suitable proportions with the finely divided active component In tablets 3 ⁇ 4 mixing the active ingredient with the carrier having the necessary compression properties, to desired shape and size compression.
  • the powders and tablets preferably comprise up to 99% active ingredient.
  • suitable solid carriers include, for example, calcium phosphate, magnesium stearate, talc, sugar, lactose, dextrin, starch, gel, cellulose, methyl quercetin, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone Alkanone, low melting wax and Ion exchange resin.
  • Liquid carriers of Form A include sugar paddles, peanut oil, olive oil, water, and the like. Liquid carriers are used in the preparation of solutions, suspensions, emulsions, syrups, elixirs and sealed compositions.
  • the active ingredient may be dissolved or suspended in a pharmaceutically acceptable liquid carrier such as water, an organic solvent, a mixture of the two or a pharmaceutically acceptable oil or fat.
  • the liquid carrier may contain other suitable pharmaceutical additives such as solubilizing, emulsifiers, buffers, preservatives, sweeteners, flavoring agents, suspending agents, thickening agents, pigments, viscosity modifiers, stabilizing or osmotic pressure - Conditioner.
  • liquid carriers for oral and parenteral administration include water (partially containing additives such as those described above, such as cellulose derivatives, preferably sodium carboxymethyl quercetin sodium salt solution), alcohols (including monohydric alcohols and polyhydric alcohols). Alcohols such as ethylene glycol) and their derivatives, and oils (such as fractionated coconut uranium and peanut oil). Carriers for parenteral administration may also be oils such as ethyl oleate and isopropyl crotonate. Sterile liquid carriers are used in sterile liquid compositions for parenteral administration.
  • the liquid carrier for the pressurized composition can be a halogenated hydrocarbon or other pharmaceutically acceptable propellant.
  • a sterile pharmaceutical composition or a suspension liquid pharmaceutical composition can be used, for example, intravenously, intramuscularly, intraperitoneally or subcutaneously. At the time of injection, a single push or gradual infusion can be performed for 30 minutes of intravascular perfusion.
  • the compound can also be administered orally in the form of a liquid or solid composition.
  • the carrier or excipient may comprise a time delay material known in the art, such as glyceryl monostearate or glyceryl distearate, and may also include waxes, ethylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethyl Cellulose, methyl methacrylate, and the like.
  • a time delay material known in the art, such as glyceryl monostearate or glyceryl distearate, and may also include waxes, ethylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethyl Cellulose, methyl methacrylate, and the like.
  • 0. 01% Tween 80 in PHOSALPG-50 phospholipid and 1,2-propanediol concentrate, A. Nattermann & Cie. GmbH
  • the formulation can be adapted to the formulation of the various compounds of the invention.
  • the preparation may be in the form of a tablet, in the form of a powder or pill in a hard capsule or in the form of a lozenge or lozenge.
  • the amount of solid carrier varies to a large extent, but is preferably from about 25 mg to about 1.0 g.
  • the preparation may be a syrup, emulsion, soft capsule, sterile injectable solution or suspension in fluoranthene or vial or nonaqueous liquid suspension.
  • the compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof may be dissolved in an aqueous solution of an organic or inorganic acid, 0.3 M succinic acid or a citric acid solution.
  • the acidic derivative can be dissolved in a suitable alkaline solution.
  • the compound can be dissolved in a suitable cosolvent or its combination.
  • suitable cosolvents include, but are not limited to, ethanol having a concentration ranging from Q-60%, propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol 300, polysorbate 80, glycerin, polyoxyethylene fatty acid esters. , fatty alcohol or glycerol hydroxy fatty acid ester and the like.
  • Various delivery systems are known and can be used for the administration of compounds or other various formulations including tablets, capsules, injectable solutions, capsules in liposomes, microparticles, microcapsules. ,and many more.
  • Methods of introduction include, but are not limited to, cutaneous, intradermal, intramuscular, intraperitoneal, intravenous, subcutaneous, intranasal:, pulmonary, epidural, ocular, and (usually preferred) oral way.
  • the compound can be administered by any convenient or other suitable route, such as by infusion or bolus injection, through epithelial or mucosal routes (eg, oral mucosa, rectal and intestinal mucosa, etc.) or through drug-loaded stents and It can be administered together with other bioactive agents. It can be administered systemically or locally.
  • the preferred route of administration is oral, nasal or bronchial aerosol or spray.
  • the compounds 13a, 7d, 81, 7i, 7a in the present invention have a lower inhibitory activity against the histone deacetylase 8 sub-plough (HDAC8) than the positive control drug, and have a good development, and It can be used as a lead compound for the discovery of novel high-efficiency histone deacetylase inhibitors.
  • HDAC8 histone deacetylase 8 sub-plough
  • compounds 7d, 7i and 81 showed superior activity against the positive control Vorinostat (SAHA) in the anti-tumor cell proliferation test in vitro, and had good development prospects.
  • SAHA Vorinostat
  • the synthetic formula i3 ⁇ 4 of the compound 1 la is identical to that of 5a.
  • the difference is that (S)-N-benzyloxycarbonyl-tyrosine (compound 10) is used as the starting material, and the obtained product (S)-benzyl 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-oxo-1- (anilino)propan-2-yl-carbamate 11a, Yield : 93. 65%, ESI-MS m/z: 391. Sffi+lT].
  • the method for synthesizing the compound 12a is identical to that of 6a. The difference is: (S)-benzyl 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-oxo-1-(anilino).propan-2-yl-carbamate (compound 11a) is used as a raw material.
  • Example 2 The target compound inhibits histone deacetylase activity assay (In vitro)
  • Histone deacetylases The method of fluorescence analysis is mainly divided into two steps: the first step, a lysine HDACs fluorescent substrate containing an acetylated side chain (Boc- Lys (acetyl)-AMC) Incubate with a sample containing the expressed histone deacetylase 8 subtype (HDAC8) to deacetylate the substrate and activate the substrate.
  • a lysine HDACs fluorescent substrate containing an acetylated side chain Boc- Lys (acetyl)-AMC
  • HDAC8 histone deacetylase 8 subtype
  • Boc-Lys-AMC is hydrolyzed by trypsin to produce a fluorescent group (ie, chromophore) of AMC, and the fluorescence intensity is measured at the emission wavelength/excitation wavelength (390 nm/460 nm), thereby based on the inhibitor group and the control.
  • the fluorescence intensity of the group was calculated and the calculated value was calculated.
  • the principle of enzyme activity test can be found in the relevant part of this patent specification. The experimental results are shown in Table I.
  • the values in the a table are the average values of the three tests, and the values after the "soil" indicate the standard deviation.
  • the SAHA trade name is Zol inza, commonly known as Vorinostat, a histone deacetylase inhibitor approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2006.
  • the compounds 7d, 7i, and 81 having better enzyme activity were selected to inhibit the proliferation of cancer cells in vitro, and the results are shown in Table 2.
  • HCT116 human colon cancer cell line.
  • SK0V3 human ovarian cancer cell line b
  • HL60 human acute leukemia cell line.
  • SAHA The trade name Zol inza, commonly known as Vorinostat, is a histone deacetylase inhibitor approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2000.
  • HCT116, SK0V3, and HL60 cell suspensions were all adjusted to 1 ⁇ 10 5 /ml, and seeded in 96-well plates (50 ⁇ l/well) at 5000 cells/well. After 4 hours of plating, add 50 ul of medium containing the compound at the concentration of the compound to the final concentration of the compound in the mixture: 1000, 200, 40, 8, 1. 6.0.32 ug/ml, three concentrations for each concentration. Holes, blanks without cell filling, blank, add cells without compound holes as compound blank holes, SAHA Positive control.

Description

酪氨酸衍生物类组蛋白去乙酰化酶抑制剂及其应用 技术领域
[0001 ] 本发明涉及一类酪氨酸衍生物类组蛋白去乙酰化酶抑制剂及其制备方法和用:途, 属于化学技术领域。 背景技术
[0002] 组蛋白去乙酰化酶(HDACs)是一类功能复杂的水解酶。在细胞核中,由 DNA链缠绕 着的组蛋白八聚体构成的核小体是构成染色体的结构单元,组蛋白去乙酰化酶(HDACs)能 将组蛋白中的赖氨酸残基末端氨基上的.乙酰基水解掉(如反应式 11),从而导致组蛋白的 正电荷密度增高,继而引起组蛋白与负电性的 DM的亲:和力:增强,基因转录被神制, (参见 Christian, Α.Ή., et al. Curr. Op in. Chera. Biol., 1997, 1, 300 ;Kouzarides, T. , Curr. Op in. Genet. Dev. , 1999, 9, 40); Wolff e, A. P. Sci. Washington, 1996, 272, 371。 此外,核小体组蛋 白的去乙酰化还与染色质组装, DNA修复与重组密切相关, (参见 Polo,S. E. , et al. Cancer Lett. , 2005, 220, 1; Vidanes, G. M. , etal. Cell, 2005, 121 , 973)„ 近来,越来越多的非组蛋 白被证实¾ HDACs的底物,如转录因子,细胞骨架蛋白,分子伴侣等, (参见 (ilozak, M. A., et al. Gene, 2005, 363, 15)。正是由于 HDACs具有如此复杂的功能,它的表迖和活性失调与 许多疾病密切相关,包括:癌症,神经变性疾病,病毒感染,炎症,白血病,疟疾和糖尿病等, 其中,癌症无疑是对人类生命健康威胁最为严重的疾病。 研究表明, HDACs与胂瘤细胞发生 发展密切相关,如:抑制肿瘤细胞分化和凋亡,促进肿癉细胞增殖, ¾移和血管生成,增强肿 瘤细胞对化疗药物的抵抗力等, (参见 Witt, 0., et al. Cancer Letter. , 2009, 277, 8) 0
[0003]
Figure imgf000003_0001
[0004] S应式. Π
[0005] 目前在人体中发现了 HDACs家族有 18个成员,裉据其结构,功能和分布的不同可 分为四类。 其中, I类(HDAC1,2,3和 8) , II类(II9 :HDAC4, 5, 7和 9 ;IIb: HDAC6, 10) , IV 类(HDAC11)属于锌离子依赖性水解酶,而 ΠΓ类 HDACS (S1RT 1-7)是 NAD+依赖性的。 研 究表明,与肿瘤密切相关的主要是锌离子依赖性 HDACs, HDAC抑制剂(HDACs Inhibitors, HDACi)能有效抑制癌细胞增殖,促进细胞凋亡。 而且, HDACi具有抗瘤谱广,毒副作用低的 优点,它们对实体瘤,白血病,淋巴癉都具有很好的抑制活性。因此,针对 HDACs为靶点设计 抑制剂巳成为抗肿瘤药物研究的热点。
[0006] 目前报道的 HDACi药效团大都包括如下三个部分:锌离子鼙合基团 (ZBG) ,疏水 性的长链 (Linker)和蛋白表面识别区(Surface Recognition Domain)„ 锌离子螯合基团 可以螯合 HDACs活性中心的锌离子,从而抑制酶的活性。 目前已知的活性最强,应用最广 的锌离子螯合基团是异羟肟酸基团,因此,本发明也采用异羟肟酸基团为锌离子螯合基团。 (S) - 1,2,3,4-四氢异喹啉- 3-羧酸,简称(S) -Tic,是一种非蛋 -白 α -氨基酸。(S) _Tic所具 有的特殊的分子几何构象和特定的生物活性已受到人们的极大关注,它己经作为关键的手 性原料被用作合成多种酶的肽类和类肽类抑制剂,如血管紧张素转化酶(ACE)抑制剂 (参 见 Hayashi,K., et al. Chem. Pharm. Bull., 1985, 33, 2011. ),基质金属¾白酶 -8 (MP- 8)抑 制剂(参见 Matter, H., etal. Bioorg. Med. Chem., 2002, 10, 3529. ),法尼碁转移酶(FTase) 抑制剂 (参见 Kotha, S., et al. Eur. J. Org. Chem., 2001, 17, 3375〉,脯氨酰内肽酶 (PEPs) 抑制剂(参见 Vendeville, S, , et al. Bioorg. Med. Chem. , 2002, 10, 1719) ,以及阿片类受 体(Opioid Receptor)选择性激动剂和拮抗剂等(参见 Balboni, G, , et al. J. Med. Chem., 2002, 45,555&和83113001, 6., 61 al. J. Med. Chen?., 2002, 45, 713. )。 然而, (S) - Tic用于 HDACi的设计尚未有人报道,因此,本发明用光学纯的 3,5-二碘 酩氨酸为原料构建 (S) - Tic结构片段,并将其用于 HDACi的设计与合成。此外,考虑到化合物的柔性,我们也用 酪氨酸骨架代替(S) -Tic骨架设计合成 HDACi。 发明内容
[0007] 本发明针对现有技术的不足,提供一种酪氨酸衍生物类组 S白去乙酰化酶抑制剂 及其制备方法和用途。
[0008] 本发明的技术方案如下:
[0009] 具有通式 I的化舍物,以及其光学异抅体、非对映异构体和消旋体混合物,.其药学 上可接受的盐,溶剂合物或前药,
[0010]
Figure imgf000004_0001
[001 1 ] 其中,.
[0012] R,是芳基,杂芳基,芳基 C1- 6 ,杂芳基 C1-9:烷基,芳基 C2- 6烯基,杂芳基 C2 - 6 烯基,芳基 C2-6炔基,杂芳基 C2-6炔基, C1-6垸基,杂垸基或坏烷基,任选被一个或多个如 下基团取代:羟基,卤素,硝基,氰基,卤 C1- δ垸棊, C1-8垸氧基, C1-6烷基羰基, C1-8烷氧 羰基,旁基 C1- 8烷氧羰基;
[0013] R2是氢,各种氨基酸制备的酰基,芳酰基,杂芳酰基,芳基 CH6烷酰基,杂芳基 G1-9垸酰基, C1-6垸酰基,环琮酰基,芳磺酰棊,杂磺酰基,芳基 Ci- 6垸磺酰基或杂芳棊 C1-9垸磺酰基,任选被一个或多个如下棊团取代:羟基,卤素,硝基,氰基,羧基,卤 C1-8烷 基, C1-8垸氧基, C1-6烷基羰基, C1-8 '院氧羰基或芳基 C1- 8烷氧羰基,芳基,杂芳基,芳基 C1-6烷基,杂芳基 C1- 9垸基,芳基 C2-6烯基,杂芳基 C2- 6烯基,芳基 C2.-6炔基,杂芳基 C2-6炔基, C1-6烧基,杂垸基,环烷基,优选被一个或多个如下基团取代:羟基,.卤素,硝基, 氰基,卤 C1-8垸基, C1-8烷氧基, C1-6嫁基幾基, C1-8垸氧羰基,芳基 C1- 8烷氧羰基:;
[0014] R3是异羟肟酸基,羧基,甲氧幾基,酰胺基或酰肼基;
[0015] n是 1或 2 ; [0016] m是 0或 1 ;
[0017] *是立体构型为 S或; R光学纯度或其消旋体。
[0018] 优选的,上述化合物(I)是下列之一:
[0019] (S) -2-叔丁氧羰基 -7- (2- (羟胺基) -2-羰基乙氧基 ) -3_ (N-苯基 -酰胺基) -1, 2,3,4-四氢异喹啉 (7a) ;
[0020] (S) -2-叔丁氧羰基 - Ί- (2- (羟胺基 ) -2-羰基乙氧基) -3- (8-苄基―酰胺基) - 1, 2, 3, 4-四氢异喹啉(7b) ;
[0021] (S)-2-叔丁氧羰基 - 7- (2- (羟胺基)- 2-薪基乙氧基) -3- (Ν-α-苯乙基)-酰胺 基)- 1,2,3,4-四氢异喹 (7c) ;
[0022] (S) -2-叔丁氧羰基 -7- (2- (羟胺基 ) -2-羰基乙氧基) -3- (N-对甲氧基苯基 -酰 歧基) -1, 2, 3, 4-四氢异喹啉(7d) ;
[0023] (S) -2-叔丁氧羰基 -7- (2- (羟胺基 ) -2-羰基乙氧基 ) -3- (N-对甲基苯基 -酰胺 基) -1, 2, 3,4-四氢异喹啉(7e) ;
[0024] (S) -2-叔丁氧羰基 -?- (2- (羟胺基 ) -2-羰基乙氧基) -3- (N-邻甲基苯基 -酰胺 基)- 1, 2, 3, 4-四氢异喹啉 (7f) ;
[0025] (S)-2-叔丁氧羰基 - 7-(2- (羟胺基 )-2-羰基乙氧基) - 3-(N-间甲基苯基 -酰胺 基)- 1, 2, 3, 4-四氧异喹啉 (7g) ;
[0026] (S)-2-叔丁氧羰基 -7- (2- (羟胺基)- 2-羰基乙氧基)- 3- (N-对氟苯基 -酰胺 基)- 1,2, 3, 4-四氢异喹啉 (7h) ;
[0027] (S)-2-叔丁氧羰基 -7-(2-(羟胺基)- 2-幾基.乙氧基)-3-(1^-间氯苯基 -酰胺 基)- 1,2,3,4-四氢异喹啉 (7i) ;
[0028] (S)-2-叔丁氧羰基 - 7- (2- (羟胺基)- 2-羰基乙氧基) - 3- (N- (2,4-二甲基笨 基 ) -酰胺基 ) -1, 2, 3, 4-四氢异喹啉 (7 j) ;
[0029] (S) -2-叔丁氧羰基 -7- (2- (羟胺基) -2-羰基乙氧基) -3- (N- (3-氯 -4-氟苯 基)-酰胺基)- 1,2,3,4-四氢异喹啉(7k) ;
[0030] (S)-2-叔丁氧羰基 -7-(2- (羟胺基 )-2-羰基乙氧基 H3- (N- (1-萘基) -酰胺 基)- 1, 2, 3, 4-四氢异喹啉(71) ; .
[0031 ] (S) -2-叔丁氧羰基 -7- (2- (径胺基) -2-羰基乙氧基) - 3- (N- (1-联苯基)―酰胺 基)- 1, 2, 3, 4-四氢异喹啉(7π0;
[0032] (S)- 2-叔丁氧羰棊 -7-(2-(羟胺基 )-2-羰基乙氧基) - 3- (Ν- (1-戊基) -酰胺 基)- 1, 2, 3, 4-四氢异喹啉(7η) ;
[0033] (S)-2-叔丁氧羰基 -7- (2- (羟胺基)-2-羰基乙氧基)- 3- (N- (1-己基) -酰胺 基)- L, 2, 3, 4-四氢异喹啉 (To) ;
[0034] (S)-2-叔丁氧羰基 -7- (2- (羟胺基)-2-羰基乙氧基)- 3- (N-叔丁基-酰胺 基)- 1, 2, 3, 4-四氢异喹啉(7p) ;
[0035] (S) -7- (2- (羟胺基) -2-羰基乙氧基) - 3- (N-苯基 -酰胺基) -1, 2, 3,4「四氢异喹 啉盐酸盐(8a) ;
[0036] (S) -7- (2- (羟胺基 ) -2-羰基乙氧基 ) -3- (N-节基一酰胺基 )-1,2, 3,4-四氢异喹 啉盐酸盐(8b) ; [0037] (S) -7- (2- (羟胺基) -2-羰基乙氧基 >- 3- (N- (l-苯 ^基) -酸胺基) -1, 2, 3, 4-四 氢异喹啉盐酸盐(8t);
[0038] (S) - 7- (2- (羟胺基) -2-羰基乙氧基) -3- (N-对甲氧基苯基 -酰胺棊)- 1, 2,3, 4-四氢异喹啉盐酸盐(8d);
[0039] (S) -7- (2- (羟胺基) -2-羰基乙氧基 ) -3- (N-对甲基苯基 -酰胺基) -1 , 2, 3, 4-四 氢异喹啉盐酸盐(8e);
[0040] (S) -7- (2- (羟胺基 ) - 2-羰基乙氧基 ) - 3- (N-邻甲基苯基 -酰胺基) -1, 2 , 3, 4-四 氢异喹啉盐酸盐(8f) ;
[0041] (S) -7- (2- (羟胺基 ) -2-羰基乙氧基 ) -3- (N-间甲基苯基 -酰賅基) -1, 2, 3, 4-四 氢异喹啉盐酸盐(8g) ;
[0042] (S) -7- (2- (羟胺基 ) -2-羰基乙氧基 ) -3- (N-对氟苯基 -酰胺基) -1 , 2, 3, 4-四氢 异喹啉盐酸盐(8h) ; -
[0043] (S) -7- (2- (羟胺基)- 2-羰基乙氧基) -3- (N-间氯苯基-酰胺基)_1, 2, 3, 4-四氢 异喹啉盐酸盐(8i);
[0044] (S) -7- (2- (羟胺基 ) -2-羰基乙氧基 ) - 3 - (N- (2, 4-二甲基苯基) -酰胺基) - 1, 2, 3, 4-四氢异喹啉盐酸盐 (8j);
[0045] (S) -7- (2- (羟胺基 ) -2-諫基乙氧基) -3- (N- (3-氯 -4-氟苯棊:)-酰胺基 ) -1 , 2 , 3,4-四氢异喹啉盐酸盐(8k) ;
[0046] (S) -7- (2- (羟胺基 ) - 2_攀基乙氧基) - 3- (N- (1-萘基) -酰胺基) -1, 2, 3, 4-四氢 异喹啉盐酸盐(81);
[0047] (S) - 7- (2 -(羟胺基〉 -2-羰基乙氧基: )-3- (N- (1 -联苯基) -酰胺基)-1,2,3,4-四 氢异喹啉盐酸盐(8m) ;
[0048] (S) -7- (2- (羟胺基 ) - 2-羰基乙氧基) -3- (N- (1-戊基) -酰胺基) -1 , 2, 3, 4-四氢 异喹啉盐酸盐(8n);
[0049] (S) - 7- (2- (羟胺基)- 2-羰基乙氧基 >- 3- (N- (卜己基) -酰胺基)- 1,¾ 3,4-四氢 异喹啉盐酸盐(8ο);
[005Q] (S) -7- (2- (羟胺基 ) -2-羰基乙氧基 ) -3- (Ν-叔丁基―酰胺基) -1, 2, 3, 4-四氢异 喹啉盐酸盐(8ρ);
[0051 ] (S) -苄基 3- (4- (2- (羟胺基)- 2-羰基乙氧基)苯基) -1-氧 -1- (苯胺基)丙 烷- 2-基-氨基甲酸酯(13a);
[0052] 苄基 3- (4- (2- (羟胺基) -2-羰基乙氧基)苯基) -1-氧- 1- (苄胺基)丙 烷- 2-基-氨基甲酸酯(1.3b);
[0053] (S) -苄基 3- (4-(2- (羟胺基)-2-羰基乙氧¾ )苯基) - 1-氧 - 1- (对甲氧基苯胺 基)丙垸 -2-基 -氨基甲酸酯(13c)或
[0054] (S) -苄基 3- (4- (2- (羟胺基)- 2-羰基乙氧基)苯基) -1-氧 -1- (戊胺基)丙 烷- 2-基-氨基甲酸酯(13d)。 '
[0055] 制备上述通式(I)的类肽化'合物中间体为: (S) -7-羟基 -&,.8-二碘 -1 , 2, 3, 4-四 氢异喹啉 -3-羧酸盐酸盐, (S) - 2-叔丁氧羰 -7-羟基 -6,8-二碘 -1 , 2,3,4-四氢异喹 啉 - 3-羧酸, (S) -2-叔丁氧羰 -7-羟基 - 1, 2, 3, 4-四氢异喹啉 -3-羧酸或(S) - N-苄氧羰 基-酪氨酸。
[0056] 本发明还提供了这些化合物在预防或洽疗与组蛋白去乙酰化酶活性异常表达相 关的哺乳动物疾病的药物中的应用。所述的与组蛋白去乙酰化酶活性异常表达的相关哺乳 动物疾病包括:癌症,神经变性疾病,病毒感染,炎症,白血病,疟疾和糖尿病等 因此,本发 明坯涉及含有(I)结构化合物的药物组合物。
[0057] 此外,本发明还包括一种适于口服给予哺乳动物的药物组合物,包含上述通式 (I) 的任一化合物,和药学上可接受载体,任选包含一种或多种药学上可接受的赋形剂。
[0058] 此外,本发 BJf还包括一种适于胃肠外给予晡乳动物的药物组合物,包含上述通式
(I)的任一化合物,和药学上可接受载体,任选包含一种或多种药学上可接受的赋形剂。
[0059] 发明详述
[0060] 所用的定义和术语
[0061 ] 本文中所用的术语和定义含义如下:
[0062] "芳基"是指芳族碳环基团。 优选的芳环含有 6-10个碳原子。
[0063] "杂芳基"是芳族杂环,可以是单环或双环基团。 较佳的杂芳基包括,例如噻吩基, 呋喃基、吡咯基、吡啶基、吡嗪基、噻唑基、嘧啶基、喹啉基、以及四氮唑基、苯并噻唑基、苯并 呋喃基、^哚基等。
[0064] "杂烷基"指饱和或不饱和、含碳原子和至少一个杂原子的链,其中任意一个杂原 子不相邻。杂垸基中含有 2-15个原子(碳原子),优选含有 2-10个原子。杂垸基可以是直 连或支链、取代或 *取代的。
[0065] "环垸基"是取代或未取代的,饱和或不饱和的环状基团,其含有碳原子和 /或一个 或多个杂原子。该环可以是单环或稠环,桥环或嫘环的环系。单环通常有 3-9个原子,优选 有 4_7个原子,多环含有 7-Π个原子,优逸含有 Τ- 13个原子。
[0066] "卤",或"卤素"包括氟、氯、溴或碘,优选氟和氯。 '
[0067] "各种氨基酸制备的酰基"是指将各种氨基酸的羧基经酰化后得到的基团,优选疏 水性氨基酸,如甘氨酸,丙氨酸,缬氣酸,亮氨酸,异亮氨酸,苯丙氨酸,脯氨酸。
[0068] "芳酰基"是指芳香族碳环末端连有羰基的基团,优选的芳环含有 6-10个碳原子。
[0069] "杂芳酰基"指芳族杂环末端连有羰基的基团,可以是单环或双环基团。 较佳的杂 芳基包括噻吩基,呋喃基,吡咯基,吡啶基,吡嗪基,噻唑基,嘧啶基,喹啉基以及四氮唑基, 苯并噻唑基,苯并呋喃基,吲哚基等。
[0070] "环垸酰基"指取代或为取代的,饱和或不饱和的环状末端连有羰基的基团,其含 有碳原子和 /或一个或多个杂原子。 该环可以是单环或稠环,桥环或螺环的环系。 单环通 常有 3-9个原子,优选有 -7个原子,多环含有 7-17个原子,优选含有 7-13个原子。
[0071 ] "药学上可換受的盐"是指式 (I)化合物具有疗效且无毒的盐形式。其可由任一酸 性基团(如羧基)形成阴离子盐,或由任一碱性基团(如氨基)形成阳离子盐。本领域.己知 许多这样的盐。在任何酸性基团(如羧基)上 成的阳离子盐,或是在任何碱¾1基团(,如氨 基)上形成的阴离子盐。 这些盐有许多是本领域己知的:,如阳离子盐包括碱金属(如钠和 钾)和碱土金属(如镁和钙)的盐以及有机盐(.如铵盐)。 还可通过使甩相应的酸处理碱 性形式的(I)方便地获得阴离子盐,这样的酸包括无机酸如硫酸、硝酸、憐酸等;或有机酸 如乙酸、丙酸、羟基乙酸、 2-羟基丙酸、 2-氧代丙酸、草酸、丙二酸、琥珀酸、马来酸、富马酸、 苹果酸、酒石酸、 2-羟基- 1,2,3-丙三酸、甲磺酸、乙磺酸、苯甲,横酸、 4-甲基苯磺酸、环己基 亚磺酸、 2-羟基苯甲酸、 4-氨基 -2-羟基苯甲酸等。这些盐是熟练技术人员熟知的,熟练的 技术人员可制备本领域知识所提供的任何盐。 此外,熟练技术人员可根据瑢解度、稳定性、 容易制剂等因素取某种盐而舍另一种盐。这些盐的测定和最优化在熟练技术人员的经验范 围内。
[0072] "溶剂合物"是溶质 (如金属 ¾白酶抑制剂)和溶剂(如水 )組合形成的配合物。 参见 J. Honig等, The Van Nostrand Chemist' s Dictionary, p. 650 (1953)。 本发明采用 的药学上可接受的溶剂包括不干扰金属蛋白酶抑制剂的生物活性的那些塔剂 (例如水、 乙醇、乙酸、 N, N-二甲基甲酰胺、二甲基亚砜以及该领域技术人员所知的或容易确定的溶 剂)。
[0073] 本文所用的"光学异构体"、"对映体"、"非对映体"、 "消旋体"等定义了本发明化合 物或其生理上的衍生物所有可能的立体异构体的形式。 除非另有指示,本发明化合物的化 学命名包括所有可能的立体化学形式的混合物,所属混合物包含基本结构分子的所有非对 映体和对映体,以及基本纯净的本发明化合物的单个异构体形式,即其中含有低于 10%,优 选低于 5 %,特别是低于 2%,最优选低于 1 %的其它异构体。本发明类肽化合物各种立体异 构体形式均明显包含于本发明的范围内。
[0074] 式(I)化合物还可以其它被保护的形式或衍生物的形式存在,. ¾些形式对本领域 技-术人员而言是显而易见的,均应该包含于本发明的范围内。
[0075] 如上所述的取代基自身还可被一个或多个取代基取代。 这样的取代基包括在 C. Hansch A. Leo , Substituent Constants for Correlation Analysis in Chemistry and Biology (1979)中列出的都些取代基。 优选的取代基包括,例如烷基,烯基,烷氧基,羟 基,氧基,硝基,氣基, M基垸塞(如氮甲基等〉,氰基,卤, ¾基,羰基垸氧基(如羰基乙氧基 等),硫基,芳基,环垸基,杂芳基,杂环烷基 (如哌啶基,吗啉基,吡咯基等〉,亚氨基,羟烷 基,芳基氧基,芳基烷基,及其结合。
[0076] 所述化合物的制备方法,反应歩骤及反应式如下:
[0077] 制备方法包括如下步骤:
[0078] 合成路线 1:以光学纯的 3, 5-二碘 -L-酪氧酸为原料,相继经 Pictet- Spengler环 合,保护仲胺基,氢化还原脱碘,多肽缩合连接 基 ¾,与漠乙酸甲酯亲核反应,最后做成羟 肟酸并脱掉 0oc保护基得到终产物。 反应式如下:
[0079] 合成路线 1:
[0080]
Figure imgf000009_0001
[0081 ] 其中, 是芳基,杂芳基,芳基 C1-6垸基,杂芳基 C1-9 '烷基,芳塞 C2-6烯基,杂芳 基 C2- 6烯基,芳基 C2-6炔基,杂芳基 C2- 6炔基, C1-6烷基,杂烷基,环烷基,任选被一个或 多个如下基团取代:经基,卤素,硝基,氰基, ¾ Cl.-8垸基, Cl-8 ^氧基, α- 6烧基羰基, C1-8 垸氧羰基,芳基 C1-8烷氧羰基。
[0082] 上述合成路线 1反应式中的试剂: (a)多聚甲醛, 37 %盐酸,乙二醇二甲醚, 72- 75°C,反应 18小时; (b)碳酸二叔丁酯, lmol/L氧氧化钠溶液,四氢呋喃; (c) 10%钯碳, 氢气,甲醇;(d)各种胺类,二环己基碳二亚胺, 1-羟基苯并三氮唑,无水四氢呋喃; (e)溴乙 酸甲酯,碳酸钾,无水 N:, N-二甲基甲酰胺; (f)羟胺钟,无水甲醇;(g)氯化氢饱和的乙酸乙 酯溶液。
[0083] 合成路线 1的目标化合物的结构式如下所示:
[0084]
Figure imgf000009_0002
Figure imgf000010_0001
Figure imgf000011_0001
[0087]
Figure imgf000012_0002
[0088] 合成路线 2:以 L-酪氨酸为原料,经保护胺基,多肽缩合连接 Rt基团,与溴乙酸甲 酯亲核反应,最后做成羟肟酸。 反应式如下- [0089] 合成路线 2 : '
[0090]
Figure imgf000012_0001
[0091 ] 其中, &是芳基,杂芳基,芳基 C1-6烷基,杂芳基 C1- 9烷基,芳基 C2- 6烯基,杂芳 基 C2- 6烯基,芳基 C2- 6炔基,杂芳基 C2- 6炔基, C1- 6烷基,杂烷基,环垸基,任选被一个或 多个如下基团取代:羟基,卤素,硝基,氰基,卤 C1- 8垸基, C1-8烷氧基, C1-6'廣基羰基, C1-8 烷氧羰棊,芳基 C1- 8垸氧羰基。
[0092] 上述合成路线 2反应式中的试剂: (h)氯甲酸苄酯, lmol/L氢氧化钠溶液; (1)各 种胺类,二环己基碳二亚胺,1-羟基苯并三氮唑,无水四氢呋喃;;(j)溴乙酸甲酯,礙酸钾, 无水 N, N-二甲基甲酰胺; (k)羟胺钾,无水甲醇。
[0093] 合成路线 2的目标化合物的结构式如下所示:
[0094]
Figure imgf000012_0003
[0096] 所述化合物的具体操作歩骤在实施例中将加以详细说明。
[0097] 本领域技术人员可以对上述步骤进行变动以提高收率,他们可据本领域的基本知 识确定合成的路线,如选择反应物,溶剂和温度,可以通过使用各种常规保护基以避免副反 应的发生从而提高收率。 这些常规的保护方法可参见例如 T. Greene, Protecting Groups in OrganicSynthesis.
[0098] 显然,上述路线为立体选择性合成,通过上述路线还可制备得到其光学活性的类 肽化合物。 例如将原料 3, 5-二碘 -L-酪氨酸或 L-酪氨酸替换为其光学异构体(D构型)。 本领域技术人员可方便地获得各种其他异构体,并可通过常规分离手段纯化,如手性盐或 手性层析柱等。
[0099] 由于锌离子依赖性组蛋白去乙酰化酶(HDACs)各亚型催化中心的高度同源性,我 们选择目前己知 X-衍射晶体结构的^ &蛋白去乙酰化酶 8亚型(HDAC8)来进行酶活性测试。 HDACs活性荧光分析方法(两歩法),能快速、方便检测 HDACs活性,操作简单,灵敏度高。 第一步,含一个乙酰化侧链的赖氨酸 HDACs荧光底物 (Boe-Lys (acetyl) -MAC),用含表达的 HDAC8样本孵育,使底物脱去乙酰基,激洁底物。第二歩,甩胰酶水解 Boc-Lys-AMC,产生 AMC 这一荧光基团(即发色团),在发射波长 /激发波长(390ΠΠΙ/460Γ™)测定荧光强度,从而根 据抑制剂组及对照组的荧光强度计算抑制率,并求箅 IC50值。 酶活性测试原理见反应式 III。 '
[0100] 化合物的细胞活性的测试使用噻唑兰检测方法(ΜΤΤ法),人结肠癌细胞株 (HCT116),人卵巢癌细胞株(SK0V3) ,人急性白血病细胞株(HL60)的细胞悬液分别接种于 96孔板,每孔中加入含不同浓度化合物的培养基,经孵育后,用 MTT染色,继续孵育后,于酶 标仪上在 570nm处测定每孔的吸光度(0D值),计算出细胞生长抑制率,从而确定化合物的 活性。
[0101 ] 通式(I)的类肽化合物的体外抑酶试验证明该类化合物为一种酪氨酸衍生物类 组蛋白去乙酰化酶抑制剂。
E0102] 本发明的酪氨酸衍生物在空间上与组蛋白去乙酰化酶的活性位:点相匹配,因此在 体外显示了较高的抑制活性。
[0103]
Figure imgf000014_0001
[0104] 反应式 III
[0105] 反应式 I II中 Hi.stone. deacetylase为组蛋白去乙酰化酶, Trypsin为胰蛋白酶, 4-amino-7-methy 1 coumar i n为 '4 -氨基 -7_甲基香豆素。'
[0106] 含有本发明化合物的药物组合物
[0107] 本发明的部分衍生物可以游离形式或以盐形式存在。本领域拔术人员已知许多化 合物类型的药学上可接受的盐及其制备方法。 药学上可接受的盐包括常规的无毒性的盐, 包括这样的化合物碱与无机或有机酸形成的季铵盐。
[0108] 本发明的化合物可形成水合物或溶剂合物。本领域熟练人员已知将化合物与水一 起冻干时所形成的水合物或在溶液中与合适的有机溶剂浓缩时形成溶剂合物的方法。
[0109] 本发明包含含有治疗量本发明化合物的药物,和一种或多种药学上可接受载体和 /或赋形剂的药物组合物。载体包括如盐水,缓冲盐水,葡萄糖,水,甘油,乙醇和它们的结合 物,下文更详细地论述。如果需要,该组合物还可以包含较小量的润湿剂或乳化剂,或 PH缓 冲剂。该组合物可以是液体,悬浮液,乳剂,片剂,丸剂,胶囊,持续释放制剂或粉末。该组合 物可以用传统的黏合剂和载体如三酸甘油酯配制成栓剂。口服制剂可以包括标准载体如药 物品级的甘露糖醇,乳糖,淀粉,硬脂酸镁,糖精钠,纤维素和碳酸镁等等。视需要制剂而定, 配制可以设计混合,制粒和压缩或溶解成分。在另一个途径中,该组合物可以配制成纳米颗 粒》
[01 10] 使用的药物载体可以为固体或者液体。
Com] 典型的固体载体包括 L糖,石膏粉,蔗糖,:滑石,凝胶,琼脂,果胶,阿拉伯胶,硬脂 酸镁,硬脂酸等等。固体载体可以包括一种或多种可能同时作为增香剂,润滑剂,增溶剂,悬 浮剂,填料,助流剂,压缩助剂,粘合剂或片剂-崩解剂的物质;它还可以是包封材料。 在粉 末中,载体为精细粉碎的固体,它与精细粉碎的活性成分的混合 ¾ 在片剂中活性成分与具 有必要的压缩性质的载体以合适的比例混合,以需要的形状和大小压缩。 粉末和片剂优选 包含至多 99%活性成分。 合适的固体载体包括,例如,磷酸钙,硬脂酸镁,滑石,糖,乳糖,糊 精,淀粉,凝胶,纤维素,甲基纤锥素,羧甲基纤维素钠盐,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮烷酮,低熔点蜡和 离子交换树脂。
[01 12] A型的液体载体包括糖桨,花生油,橄榄油,水等等。液体载体用于制备溶液,悬浮 液,乳剂,糖浆,酊剂和密封的组合物。 活性成分可以溶解或暴浮于药学上可接受的液体载 体如水,有机溶剂,二者的混合物或药学上可接受的油类或脂肪。 液体载体可以包含其他 合适的药物添加剂如增溶刑,乳化剂,缓冲剂,防腐剂,增甜剂,增香剂,悬浮剂,增稠剂,颜 料,粘度调节剂,稳定形或渗透压-调节剂。用于口服和肠胃外给药的液体载体的合适的例 子包括水 (部分地包含如同上述的添加剂,例如纤维素衍生物,优选羧甲基纤锥素钠盐溶 液),醇(包括一元醇和多元醇,例如乙二醇)和它们的衍生物,和油类(例如分馏椰子铀和 花生油)。 用于肠胃外给药的载体还可以为油脂如油酸乙酯和异丙基钩豆蔻酸盐。 无菌的 液体载体用于肠胃外给药的无菌的液态组合物。用于加压组合物的液体载体可以为卤代烃 或其他药学上可接受的推进剂。无菌溶液或悬浮溶液液体药物组合物可以用来,#!!如,静脉 内,肌内,腹膜内或皮下注射。注射时可单次推入或逐渐法入,入 30分钟的经脉內灌注。该 化合物还可以以液体或者固体组合物的形式口服给药。
[01 13] 载体或赋形剂可以包括本领域已知的时间延迟材料,如单硬脂酸甘油酯或二硬脂 酸甘油酯,还可包括蜡,乙基纤维素,羟丙基甲基纤维素,异丁烯酸甲酯等等。当制剂用于口 服时,公认 PH0SALPG- 50 (磷脂 (phospholipid)与 1,2-丙二醇浓縮, A. Nattermann&Cie. GmbH)中的 0· 01 %吐温 80用于其他化合物的可接受的口服制剂的配制,可以适应于本发明 各种化合物的配制。
[01 14] 给予本发明化合物时可以使用各式各样的药物形式。 如果使用固体载体,制剂可 以为片剂,被放入硬胶囊中的粉末或小药丸形式或锭剂或糖锭形式。 固体载体的量在很大 程度上变化,但是优选从约 25mg到约 1. 0g。 如果使甩液体载体,制剂可以为糖浆,乳剂,软 胶囊,在荧瓿或小瓶或非水的液体悬浮液中的无菌注射溶液或悬浮液。
[01 15] 为了获得稳定的水溶性的剂型,可以将化合物或其药学上可接受的盐溶于有机或 无机酸的水溶液, 0. 3M琥珀酸或柠檬酸溶液。 选择性地,酸性的衍生物可以溶于合适的碱 性溶液。 如果得不到可溶形式,可将化合物溶于合适的共溶剂或它:们的结合。 这样的食适 的共溶剂的例子包括,但是不局限于,浓度范围从 Q-60%总体积的乙醇,丙二醇,聚乙二醇 300,聚山梨酸酯 80,甘油,聚氧乙烯脂肪酸酯,脂肪醇或甘油羟脂肪酸酯等等。
[01 16] 各种释放系统是己知的并且可以用于化合物或其他各种制剂的给药,这些制剂包 括片剂,胶囊,可注射的溶液,脂质体中的胶囊,微粒,微胶囊,等等。引入的方法包括但是不 局限于皮肤的,皮内,肌内,腹膜内的,静脉内的,皮下的,鼻腔内的:,肺的,硬膜外的,眼睛的 和(通常优选的) 口服途径。 化合物可以通过任何方便的或者其它适当的途径给药,例如 通过注入或快速浓注,通过上皮的或粘膜线路(例如,口腔粘膜,直肠和肠粘膜,等等)吸收 或通过负载药物的支架以及可以于其他生物活性剂一起给药。可以全身或局部给药。用于 鼻,支气管或肺疾病的治疗或预防时,优选的给药途径为口服,鼻给药或支气管烟雾剂或喷 雾器。
[011 7] 本发明中的化合物 13a,,7d, 81 , 7i, 7a对组蛋白去乙酰化酶 8亚犁(HDAC8)的抑制 活性优于阳性对照药,具有良妤的开发 ίΓ景,并可作为发现新型高效组蛋白去乙酰化酶抑 制剂的先导化合物。此外,化合物 7d,7i和 81在体外抗肿癉细胞增殖的.试验中显示出优于 阳性对照 Vorinostat (SAHA)的活性,具有良好的开发前景。 附图说明
[0118] 图 1为化合物(S)- 2-叔丁氧羰基- 7- (2- (羟胺基) -2-羰基乙氧基) -3- (N-对甲 氧基苯基 -酰胺基 )-1,2,3, 4-四氢异喹啉(7d)与组蛋白去;乙酰化酶 8亚型的活性区域的 对接结果通过 Syby 17.3以三维显示示意图。 具体实施方式
[0119] 下面结合实施例对本发明做进一步的说明,但不限于此。
[0120] 实施例 L 本发明化合物的合成
[0121] 以(7a), (8a)和(13a)为例:
[0122] 1) (S) -7-羟基 -6, 8-二碘 - 1,2,3, 4-四氢异喹啉 3-羧酸盐酸盐 2
[0123] 向 250mL浓盐酸中加入 3, 5-二碘- L-酪氨酸(1,30.0g,69.3誦 ol),乙二醇二甲 醚(20mL)和多聚甲醛(7.8g,260.0mmol),并逐渐升温至 72°C。 0.5小时后,再加入浓盐酸 (50mL),乙二醇二甲醚(1 OmL)和多聚甲醛(5.2g, 173.3麵 ol),油洛控温在 72- 75°C继续反 应 18小时。 反应混悬液冰浴冷却并过滤,滤饼用乙二醇二甲醚充分洗涤,千燥后得 19.41g 白色粉末 2。 产率:58.17%, ESI-MS m/z :446.2[M+lf ], 'Η-賺 (DMSO- d6) δ 3.07 (dd, J = 16.8Hz,10.8Hz,lH) ,3.22(dd, J = 16. SHzA.8Hz, 1H) ,4.02(d, J = 16.2Hz, 1H), 4.15 (d, J = 16.2Hz,lH),4.32 (dd, J = 4.8 Hz, 10.8Hz, 1H), 7.73 (s, lH), 9.68 (s, 1H), 10.00 (brs, 2H) , 14.17(brs,lH)。
[0124] 2) (S)- 2 -叔丁氧羰基 -7-羟基- 6,8-二碘- 1,2,3,4-四氢异喹啉- 3-羧酸 3
[0125] 化合物 2 (4.81g, 10. Ommol)溶于 22mLlmol/L的氢氧化钠溶液中,并加入 5mL碳酸 二叔丁酯(2.40g,11.0mmOl)的四氢呋喃溶液。 反应过程中用 lmol/L的氢氧化钠溶液控 制反应液 pH在 9-11。 室温反应 6小时后,蒸除反应液中的四氢呋喃,再甩石油醚将反应液 萃取 3次,并用 lmol/L的柠檬酸溶液酸化至 pH4-5,然后用乙酸乙酯萃取三次,有机相合并 后用饱和食盐水洗涤,无水硫酸镁千燥,蒸千溶剂得 4.99g浅黄色粉末 3。 产率:91.56%, NMR (DMS0-d6) δ 1.34+1.40(s, 9H, cis/trans) , 2.87-3.00 (m, 2H) ,4.13-4.41(m,2H) , 4.61-4.75 (ra, 1H), 7.57 (s, 1H), 9.41 (br s, 1H), 12.71(br s, 1H)。
[0126] 3) (S) - 2-叔丁氧幾基 -7-羟基 -1, 2, 3, 4-四氢异喹啉 -3-羧酸 4
[0127] 化合物 3 (2.73g,5. Ommol)溶于 3QmL无水甲醇中,并向其中加入三乙胺(1. llg, 11. Ommol)和 10%钯碳(0.23g)。 通入氢气反应 5小时后,用硅藻土滤除催化剂,蒸除甲 醇,加入 lmol/L的柠檬酸溶液至 ρΉ4- 5,然后用乙酸乙酯萃取三次,合并乙酸乙酯层后 '用饱和食盐水洗涤,无水硫酸镁干燥,蒸干溶剂得 1.10g浅黄色粉宋 4。 产率:75.32%, 'H-丽 R(DMS0-d6) δ 1.39+1.45(s,9H, cis/trans) , 2.92-3.04(m,2H),4.26-4.5:1 (m,2H), 4.57-4.82 (m,lH) ,6.52 (s, 1H) , 6.57 (d, J = 8.4Hz,lH),6.97 (d, J = 8.4Hz,lH),9.28(s, 1H),12.60(S,1H)。
[0128] 4) (S)- 2-叔丁氧羰基- 7-羟基 -3- (N-苯基-酰胺基)- 1,2,3,4-四氢异喹啉 5a
[0129] 化合物 4 (2.93g, 10. Ommol)和 1-羟基苯并三氮唑(1.49g, 11. Ommol)溶于 40mL 无水四氢呋喃中,冰浴条件下滴加二环己基碳二亚胺(2.27g, 11. Ommol)的四氢呋喃溶 液。 30分钟后,加入苯胺(:1.02g,11.0mmOl)继续室温反应过夜。 反应结束后,蒸除四氢 呋喃,加入乙酸乙酯,放入冰箱中冷冻过夜使二环己基脲 (DCU)充分析出,滤除二环 B基 脲(DCU),滤液依次用饱和碳酸钠溶液, lmoi/L的盐酸溶液和饱和氯化钠溶液洗涤,无水硫 酸镁千燥后蒸除溶剂得到 2.55g黄色粉末 5a。 产率:69.29%, ESI- S m/z -.369.-5 [Μ+Η+] , 'H-NMRiDMSO-ds) 51.30+1.45 (s, 9H, c is/trans) , 2.85-3.11 (m,2H) 4.27-4.52(m,2H), 4.55-4.74 (m, IH), 6.57-6.64 (m, 2H), 6, 96-7.04 (ra, 2H), 7.25-7.30 (m, 2H), 7.49-7.56 (m, 2H),9.29(s,lH),9.96(s,lH)。
[0130] 5) (S) - 2-叔丁氧羰.基 -7- (2- (甲氧基) -2-羰基乙氧基) -3- (N-苯基-酰胺 基)- 1,2, 3, 4-四氢异喹啉 6a。
[0131] 向化合物 5a:(2.55g,6.93讓 0:1)的 40raLN, N-二甲基甲酰胺溶液中加入碳酸钾粉 末(1.91g, 13.86mmol)和溴乙酸甲酯 (2.12g, 13.86讓 olh室温搅拌反应 3小时后将反应液 倾入 300mL水中,有大量沉淀析出,用乙酸乙酯萃取三次,合并乙酸乙酯层后甩饱和食盐水 洗漆,无水硫酸镁干燥,蒸干溶剂得产物粗品,该粗 '品用硅胶柱分离(石油醚:乙酸乙酯= 3 : 1)得 1.16g无色油状物 6a。产率:38.10% , ESI-MS ra/z :441.6[Μ¾Τ], 'Η- NMR (DMS0- d6) δ 1.33+1.47(s,9H, c is/trans), 2.93-3. L6 (m, 2H) ,3.70(s,3H),4.34-4.58 (m,2H) , 4.62-4.88 (m, IH), 4.78 (s, 2H), 6.72-6.90 (m, 2H), 7.02-7.16 (m, 2H) , 7.26-7· 31 (ra, 2H) , 7.49-7.56 (m, 2H), 10.00 (s. lH)。
[0132] 6) (S) - 2-叔丁氧羰基- 7- (2- (羟胺棊)-2-羰基乙氧基) -3- (N-苯基 -酰胺 基) -1, 2, 3, 4-四氢异喹啉 7a
[0133] 羟胺钾(N¾0K)溶液的制备:14mL氢氧化钾的饱和无水甲醇溶液滴加到 24mL含有 4.67g(67mraol)盐酸羟胺:的无水甲醇溶液中,控制内温低于 4(TC,滴加完毕,冷却反应液, 滤除白色氯化钾沉淀,所得滤液密闭保存备用。
[0134] 化合物 6a (0.88g, 2. Ommol)溶于 10mL无水甲醇后,向其中加入 3.5mL上述羟胺 钾(NH20K)溶液。 0.5小时后,蒸除甲醇, 2m0l/L的盐酸溶液酸化至 pH3- 4,然后用乙酸 乙酯萃取,合并乙酸乙酯层后用饱和食盐水洗涤,经无水琉酸镁千燥,蒸干溶剂得粗品, 粗品经乙酸乙酯 /乙醇重结晶得 0.23g白色粉末 7a。 产率:26.05%, mp :179-181。。; 'H-NMRCDMSO-de) δ L 30+1.46 (s, 9H, cis/trans), 2.89-3.19 (m, 2H), 4.34-4.65 (ra, 2H), 4.44 (s,2H), 4.57-4.80 (m, IH), 6.70-6.88 (m, 2H), 7.01-7.17 (m, 2H) , 7.24—7.32 (m, 2H), 7.49-7.56 (m, 2H), 8.97 (s, IH), 10.01 (s, IH), 1.0.81 (s, IH) ; HRMS (AP-ESI) m/z calcd for C23H28N306[M+H]+442.1978, found 44?.1980。
[0135] 7) (S) -7- (2- ( 胺基) -2-羰基乙氧基 ) _3- (N-苯基 -酰胺基) -1, 2, 3, 4_四氢异 喹啉盐酸盐 8a
[0136] 化合物 7a (0.15g, 0.34mmol)溶于 5mL无水乙酸乙酯后,向其中加入 lOraL氯化 氢饱和的乙酸乙酯溶液。 反应过程中逐渐有白色沉淀析出, 8:小时后将沆淀滤除,用乙醚 充分洗涤,干燥后得 0.12g白色粉末 8a。 产率:91.35%, mp: 187-189 °C ;]H- MR(DMS0-d6) δ 2.98-3.37 (m, 2H), 4.28-4, 30 (m, 2H), 4, 32-4.37 (m, IH), 4.45 (s, 2H) , 6.89-6.92 (m, 2H) , 7.12-7.2 (m, 2H), 7.36-7.41 (m, 2H), 7.65-7.67 (m, 2H) ,9.00 (br s, IH) ,9.60 (br s, IH) , 9.81 (br s, IH), 10.77 (s, IH), 10.87 (s, IH) ; HRMS(AP-ESI)m/z caled for C18H20N304[M+H] + 342.1454, found 342.1459。
[0137] 8) (S) -N-苄氧羰基 -酪氨酸 10 [0138] 将化合物 2 (1. 81g, 10. Ommol)溶于 llmLlmol/L的氢氧化钠溶液中,冰盐浴条件下 滴加氯甲酸苄酯(1. 87, 11. Qmraol)。 反应过程中用 ltnpl/L的氢氧化钠溶液控制反应液 pH 在 9-11。 室温反应 2小时后,用石油曄将反应液萃取 3次,再用 imol/L的狞檬酸溶液酸化 至 PH4-5,然后用乙酸乙酯萃取三次,有机相合并后用饱和食盐水洗涤,经无水硫酸镁干燥, 蒸干溶剂得 2. 95g棕色油状物 10。 产率 :93. 65% , ESI-MS m/z:316. 2[Μ+ίΤ]。
[0139] 9) (S>-苄基 3- (4-羟基苯基) -1-氧- 1- (苯胺棊)丙烷- 2-基」氨基甲酸酯 11a
[0140] 化合物 1 la的合成方 i¾与 5a的一致。 所不同的是:以(S) -N-苄氧羰基 -酪氨 酸(化合物 10)为原料,所得产品 (S) -苄基 3- (4-羟基苯基)- 1-氧 -1- (苯胺基)丙 烷 - 2-基 -氨基甲酸酯 11a,产率 :93. 65% , ESI-MS m/z :391. S ffi+lT]。
[0141 ] 10) (S>-苄基 3- (4-(2- (甲氧基 ) -2-羰基乙氧基)苯基) -1-氧 -1- (苯胺基)丙 烷- 2-基-氨基甲酸酯 12a
[0142] 化合物 12a的合成方法与 6a的一致。 所不同的是:以(S) -苄基 3- (4-羟基苯 基) -1-氧 -1- (苯胺基).丙烷 -2-基 -氨基甲酸酯(化合物 11a)为原料,所得产品(S) -苄 基 3-(4- (2- (甲氧基)-2-羰基乙氧基)苯基) -1-氧 -1- (苯胺基)丙烷- 2-基-氨基甲 酸酯 12a,产率:63. 67 % , 'H-NMR (DMS0-d6) δ 2. 78 (dd, J - 13. 8Hz, 10. 8Hz, IH),2. 96 (dd, J = 13. 8Hz, 4. 8Hz, IH), 3. 69 (s, 3H), 4. 36 (dd, J = 10. 8Hz, 4. 8Hz, IH), 4. 75 (s, 2H), 4. 97 (s, 2H), 6. 84-6. 85 (m, 2H), 7. 05-7. 07 (ra, IH), 7. 24-7. 35 (m, 9H), 7. 59—7. 60 (m, 2H), 7. 67-7. 68 (m, IH), 10. 11 (s, IH)。
[0143] 11) (S) -苄基 3- (4- (2- (羟胺基) -2-羰基乙氧基)苯基) - 1_氧 _1_ (苯胺基).丙 烷- 2-基-氨基甲酸酯 13a
[0144] 化合物 13a的合成方法与 7a的一致。 所不同的是:以⑤-苄基 3- (4- (2- (羟胺 基)- 2-羰基乙氧基)苯基) -1-氧- 1- (苯胺基)丙烤 -2-基-氨基甲酸酯(化合物 12a) 为原料,所得产品(S) -苄基 3- (4- (2- (羟胺基) -2-羰基乙氧基)苯基: ) -1-氧 -1- (苯胺 基)丙烷- 2-基 -氨基甲酸酯 13a,产率:27. 46 % , 'H-NMR (DMS0-d6) δ 2. 78 (dd, J = 13. 8Hz, 10. 8Hz, lH) , 2. 96 (dd, J = 13. 8Hz, 4.8Hz, IH) , 4. 36 (dd, J = 10. 8Hz, 4. 8 Hz, IH) , 4. 41 (s, 2H) , 4. 97 (s, 2H), 6. 86-6. 87 (m, 2H), 7, 05-7. 07 (m, IH), 7. 24-7. 36 (m, 9H), 7. 59-7. 60 (m, 2H) , 7. 66-7. 67 (m, IH),8. 96 (s, IH), 10. 11 (s, IH), 10. 81 (s, IH) ;醒 S (AP_ESI)m/z calcd for C25H26N306[M+H]+464. 4904, found 464. 4910。
[0145] 实施例 2目'标化合物抑制组蛋白去乙酰化酶活性试验 (In vitro)
[0146] 组蛋白去乙酰化酶 (HDACs) ^性荧光分析方法主要分两步:第一步,含一个乙酰 化侧链的赖氨酸 HDACs荧光底物(Boc- Lys (acetyl) -AMC),用含表达的组蛋白去乙酰化酶 8 亚型(HDAC8)样本孵育,使底物脱去乙酰基,激活底物。 第二步,用胰酶水解 Boc- Lys-AMC, 产生 AMC这一荧光基团(即发色团),在发射波长 /激发波长 (390nm/460nm)测定荧光强 度,从而根据抑制剂组及对照组的荧光强度计算抑制率,并求算 值。酶活性测试原理见 本专利说明书部分相关内容。 实验结果见表 I。
Figure imgf000018_0001
Figure imgf000019_0001
Figure imgf000020_0001
Figure imgf000021_0001
Figure imgf000022_0001
[0153] a表中数值为三次试验的平均值, "土 "后的数值表示标准偏差。
[0154] SAHA商品名为 Zol inza,通用名为 Vorinostat,为美国食品药品监督管理局(FDA) 于 2006年批准上市的组蛋白去乙酰化酶抑制剂。
[0155] 上述测试结果表明,醅氨:酸衍生物类化合物均表现出对组蛋白去乙酰化酶 8亚 型(HDAC8)较强的抑制活性,.其中化合物 133,7(1,81,71 , 7&对组蛋白去已酰化酶8亚型 (HDAC8)的抑制活性优于阳性对.照药 Vorinostat (SAHA),具有良好的开发前景,并可作为 发现新型高效组蛋白去乙酰化酶抑制剂的先导化合物。
[0156] 实施例 3目标化合物抑制细胞增殖的活性试验(In vi tro)
[0157] 选取酶 ¾性较好的化合物 7d,7i,81进行体外抑制癌细胞增殖的活性试验,结果 见表 2。
[0158] 术语说明:
[0159] HCT116:人结肠癌细胞株。
[0160] SK0V3:人卵巢癌细胞株 b
[0161 ] HL60 :人急性白血病细胞株。
[0162] SAHA:商品名为 Zol inza,通用名为 Vorinostat,为美国食品药品监督管理局 (FDA)于 200&年批准上市的组蛋白去乙酰化酶抑制剂。
[0163] DMS0 :二甲基亚砜。
[0164] :半数抑制浓度。
[0165] 1. [材料] ΗεΠ 16^Κ0ν3, Η1ΧΌ细胞株,四甲基偶氮唑蓝 ΜΤΤ, 10%胎牛血清, 96孔 板
[0166] 2. [方法]
[0167] 细胞培养 HCT116. SK0V3, HL60兰种肿瘤细胞株都采用常规培养。实验时均用对数 生长期细胞。
[0168] 细胞生长检测(ΜΤΤ法) HCT116,SK0V3, HL60细胞悬液均调整至 l X 105/ml,分别接 种于 96孔板(50 μ 1/孔), 5000个细胞 /孔。 铺板 4h后,每孔中加入 50ul含不苘浓度化 合物的培养基,使扎中化合物终浓度分别为:1000、200、40、8、 1. 6.0. 32ug/ml,每个浓度设 三个复孔,不加细胞的孔读数时作空白,加细胞不加化合物的孔作化合物空白孔, SAHA作化 合物阳性对照。于 37°C,5%二氧化碳中孵育 48h,每孔加入 10 μ 10. 5%的 ΜΤΤ染色液,继续 孵育 4h后, 2500rpm,离心 30min,然后抛弃板孔中培养基,加入二甲基亚砜, 200ul/孔。 酶 标仪上于 WOnm处测定每孔的 U及光度 0D值,细胞生长抑制率按下式 i十算:
[0169]
对照孔平均 OD值—实验孔平均 OD值
抑制率 ·χ100%
对照孔平均 OD值
[0170] 表 2细胞增殖实验结果
[0171 ]
Figure imgf000023_0001
[0172] a表中数值为三次试验的平均值:, "士 "后的教值表示标准偏差。
[01 73] 上表测试数据表明,化合物 7d, 7i和 81在体外抗肿瘤细胞增殖的试验中显示出优 于阳性对照 SAHA的活性,具有良好的开发前景。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1. 具有通式 I的化合物,以及其光学异构体、非对映异构体和消旋体混合物,其药学上 可接受的盐,蒋剂合物或前药,
Figure imgf000024_0001
其中,
R:是芳基,杂芳基,芳基 C1- 6烧基,杂芳基 C1-9烷基,芳基 C2- 6烯基,杂芳基 C2~6烯 基,芳基 C2- 6炔基,杂芳基 炔基, C1-6垸:基,杂垸基或环垸基,任选 ¾一个或多个如下 基团取代:¾基,卤素,硝基,氰基,卤 院基, C1-8烷氧基, C1- 6垸基幾基, C1-8烷氧羰 基,芳基 C1-?烷氧羰基;
¾是氢,各种氨基酸制备的酰基,芳酰基,杂芳酰基,芳基 C1-6琮酰基,杂芳基 C1- 9烷 酰基, Q-6垸酰基,环垸酰基,芳磺酰基,杂磺酖基,芳基 C1- 6烷磺酰基或杂芳基 C1- 9垸 磺酰基,任选被一个或多个如下基阈取代:羟基,:卤素,硝基,氰基,羧基,卤 C1- 8烷基, G1-8 垸氧基, C1- 6烷基羰基, C1-8院氧羰基或芳基 C1-8垸氧羰基,芳基,杂芳基,芳基 C1-6垸 基,杂芳基 C1- 9垸基,芳基 C2-6烯基,杂芳基 C2-6烯基,芳基 C2-6炔基,杂芳基 C2-6炔 基, C1-6烷基,杂烷基,环烷基,优选被一个或多个如下基团取代:羟基,卤素,硝基,氰基, 卤 C1-8烷基, C1-8垸氧基., C1-6烷基羰基, C1-8烷氧羰基,芳基 C1- 8垸氧羰基;
¾是异羟肟酸基,羧基,甲氧羰基,酰胺基或酰肼基;
π是 1或 2 :
m是 0或 1 ;
*是立体构型为 S或 R光学纯度或其消旋体。
2. 如权利要求 1的化合物,其特征在于是下述化合物之一:
(S) -2-叔丁氧羰基 -7- (2- (羟胺基) -2-羰基乙氧基) -3- (N-苯基 -酰胺基) -1, 2, 3, 4 -四氢异喹啉(7a) ;
(S) - 2-叔丁氧羰棊 -7- (2- (羟胺基) -2-羰基乙氧基 ) -3- (N-苄基 -酰胺基 ) -1 , 2, 3, 4-四氢异喹啉(7b);
(S) -2-叔丁氧紫基: -7- (2- (羟胺基 ) -2-華基乙氣基) -3- (N- (1-苯乙基 ) -酰胺 基) -1 , 2, 3, 4-四氢异喹 (7c);
(S) -2-叔丁氧羰基 -7- (2- (羟胺基 ) -2-豫基乙氧基) -3- (N-对甲氧基苯基 -酰胺 基) -1 , 2, 3, 4-四氢异喹啉 (7d);
(S) -2-叔丁氧羰基 -7- (2- (羟胺基 >_2-羰基乙氧基 ),-3- (N-对甲基苯基-酰胺 基)- 1, 2, 3, 4-四氢异喹啉(7e);
(S) - 2-叔丁氧羰基 - 7- (2- (羟胺基 ) -2-羰基乙氧基) -3- (N-邻甲基苯基 -酰胺 基) -1, 2, 3, 4-四氢异喹啉 (70;
(S) -2-叔丁氧羰基 -7- (2- (羟胺基) -2-羰基乙氧基) -3- (N-间甲基苯基- E胺 基)- 1,2,3,4-四氢异喹啉(7g);
(S) -2-叔丁氧羰基 -7- (2- (羟胺基 ) -2-羰基乙氧基 ) -3- (N-对氟苯基-酰胺基) -1, 2,3,4-四氢异喹啉(7h) ; (S) -2-叔丁氧羰基 -7- (2- (羟胺棊 ) -2-羰基乙 ft棊 ) -3- (N-间氯苯基-酰胺基 ) -1, 2, 3, 4 -四氢异喹啉 (7i);
(S) -2-叔丁氧羰基 -7- (2- (羟胺基 ) -2-羰基乙氧棊 ) -3- (N- (2 , 4_二甲基苯 ¾ ) - M 胺基) -1,2, 3, 4-四氢异喹啉(7 j);
(S) -2-叔丁氧羰基 -7- (2- (羟胺基) -2-羰基乙氧基 ) -3- (N- (3-氯 -4-氣苯基 ) -酰 胺基) -1, 2, 3, 4-四氢异喹啉 (7k);
(S) -2-叔丁氧羰基 -7- (2- (羟胺基) -2-羰基乙氧基 ) -3- (N- (1-萘基 ) -酰胺基 ) - 1, 2, 3, 4-四氢异喹啉 (71);
(S) -2-叔丁氧羰基 -7- (2- (羟胺基) -2-羰基乙氧基 ) -3- (N- (1-联笨基)-酰胺 基)- 1, 2,3, 4-四氢异喹啉(7m);
(S) -2-叔丁氧羰基 -7- (2 -(羟胺塞: )- 2-識基乙氧基) -3- (N- (1-戊基)-酰藤基) _1, 2,3,4-四氢异喹啉 (7n);
(S) -2-叔丁氧羰基 -7- (2- (羟胺基 )-2-羰基乙氧基) -3-(Ν-(1-己基)-酰披基 )-1, 2, 3, 4-四氢异喹啉 (7o);
(S) -2-叔丁氧羰基 -7- (2- (羟胺基 ) -2-羰基乙氧基 ) -3- (N-叔丁基―酰胺基 )-1,2, 3, 4-四氢异喹啉(7p);
(S) -7- (2- (羟胺棊 ) -2-羰基乙氧棊 ) -3-(N-苯棊―酰胺基) -1, 2, 3, 4-四氯异喹啉盐 酸盐(8a);
(S) -7- (2- (羟賅基) -2-羰基乙氧基 ) - 3- (N-苄基 -酰膝基) - 1, 2, 3, 4- 0氢异喹啉盐 酸盐 (8b);
(S)- 7- (2- (羟胺基)- 2-羰基乙氧基) -3- (N- (I-苯乙基) -酰胺基). -1, 2, 3, 4-四氢异 喹啉盐酸盐(8c);
(S) - 7- (2- (羟胺基) -2-羰基乙氧基) - 3- (N-对甲氧基苯基 -酰胺基 )-1,2,3,4-四氢 异喹啉盐酸盐(Sd);
(S) -7- (2- (羟胺基) -2-羰基乙氧基) -3- (N-对甲基苯棊 -酰胺基 ) - 1, 2, 3:, 4-四氢异 喹啉盐酸盐(8e);
(S) -7- (2- (翔胺基 ) -2-羰基乙氧棊) - 3- (N-邻申基苯基 -酰胺基) - 1, 2,3,4-四氢异 喹啉盐酸盐(8£);
(S) -7- (2- (羟胺基) -2-羰基乙氧基) - 3- (N-间甲基苯基 -酰胺基) - 1, 2 , 3 , 4-四氢异 喹啉盐酸盐 (8g);
(S) -7- (2- (羟胺基 ) -2-羰基乙氧基) -3- (N-对氟苯基 -'酰胺基 ) -1, 2,3,4-四氢异喹 啉盐酸盐 (8h);
(S) -7- (2-(羟胺基) -2-楼基乙氧基) -3- (N-间氯苯基 -酰胺基) - 1, 2, 3,4-四氢异喹 啉盐酸盐 (8i) ,
(S)-7-(2-(羟胺基)-2-羰基乙氧基)-3-(^(2,4_二甲基苯基 )-酰胺基)-1,2,3, 4-四氢异喹琳 ¾酸盐(8j);
(S) - 7-(2- (羟胺基)-2-羰基乙氧基)- 3- (N-(3-氯 -4-氟苯基) 酰胺基 )- 1,2,3, 4-四氢异喹啉盐酸盐(8k);
(S) -7- (2- (羟胺基 ) -2-羰基乙氧基) -3- (N- (1 -萘基) -酰胺基) -L, 2, 3, 4-四氢异喹 啉盐酸盐(8] ) ;
(S) -7- (2- (羟胺基) -2-羰基乙氧基) -3- (N- (1-联苯基) -酰胺基) - 1, 2, 3, 4_四氢异 喹啉盐酸盐(8m) ;
(S) -7- (2- (羟胺基 ) -2-羰基乙氧基) -3- (N- (1-戊基) -酰胺基 ) - 1, 2, 3, 4-四氢异喹 啉盐酸盐(8n) ;
(S) -7- (2- (羟胺基 ) - 2-羰基乙氧棊) -3- (N- (1-己基) -酰胺基 )-!:, 2, 3, 4-四氢异喹 啉盐酸盐 (8ο) ;
(S) -7- (2- (羟胺棊 ) -2-羰基乙氧基 ) -3- (Ν-叔丁基-戰胺基) -1, 2, 3, 4-四氢异喹啉 盐酸盐(8ρ) ;
(S) -苄基 3- (4- (2- (羟胺基) -2-羰基乙氧基)苯基) -1-氧- 1- (苯胺基)丙 烷 -2-基-氨基甲酸酉旨(13a) ; ' 、
(S) -苄基 3- (4- (2- (羟胺基 ) -2-羰基乙氧基)苯基) -1-氧 _1-苄胺基)丙 烷 -2-基-氨基甲酸酯(13b) ;
(S) -苄基 3- (4_(2- (羟胺基) -2-驟基乙氧碁 )苯基) -1-氧 -1-对甲氧基苯胺 S )丙 垸 -2-基-氨基甲酸酯(13 c)或
(S) -苄基 3 - (4- (2- (羟.胺基 ) -2-羰基乙氧:基 )苯基 ) -1-氧- 1-戊胺基 )丙 垸 -2-棊-氨基甲酸酯(13d)。
3. 制备权利要求 1所述化合物的中间体,其特征在于:该中间体是: (S) -7-羟基- 6, 8-二碘 - 1,2, 3, 4-四氢^喹啉 -3-幾酸盐酸盐, (S) -2-叔丁氧羰 -7-羟基 -6,8-二碘 - 1, 2, 3, 4-四氢异喹啉 -3-羧酸,(S) - 2-叔丁氧羰 -7 -羟基 -1, 2, 3, 4-四氢异喹啉 -3-羧酸或 (S) - N-苄氧羰基-酪氨酸。
4.权利要求 1所述化合物的制备方法,其特征在于包括加下步骤:
合成路线 1:以光学纯的 3,5-二碘 -L-酪氨酸为原料,相继经 Pic.tet-Spengler环合, 保护仲胺基,氢化还原脱碘,多肽缩合连揆 R,基团,与溴乙酸甲酯亲核反应,最后做成羟肟 酸并脱掉 Boc保护基得到终产物;反应式如下:
Figure imgf000026_0001
其中, R,是芳基,杂芳基,芳基 C1-6烷基,杂芳基 C1-9烷基,芳基 C2- 6烯基,杂芳基 C2-6烯基,芳基 C2- 6炔基,杂芳基 C2-6炔基, C1-6烷基,杂烷棊,环烷基,任选被一个或多 个如下基团取代:羟基,卤素,硝基,氰基,卤 C1-8垸基, C1-8垸氧基, CU- 6烷基羰基, C1-8 烷氧羰基,芳基 烷氧羰基;;
上述合成路线 1反应式中的试剂 : (a)多:聚甲醛,37%盐酸,乙二醇二甲醚 , 72- 75°C,反 应 18小时;(b)碳酸二叔丁酯, lmol/L氢氧化钠瘠液,四氢呋喃; (d l0%钯藥,氢气,甲醇; (d)各种胺类,二环己基碳二亚胺, 1-羟基苯并三氮唑,无水四氢呋喃; (e)溴乙酸甲亂碳 酸钾,无水 N, 二甲基甲酰胺; (f)羟胺钾,无水甲醇;(g)氯化氢饱和的乙酸^酯溶液; 合成路线 2:以 L-酪氨酸为原料,经保护胺基,多肽缩合连接 R,基团:,与渙乙酸甲酯亲 核反应,最后做成羟肟酸;反应式如下:
合成
Figure imgf000027_0001
其中, ^是芳基,杂芳基,芳基 C1- 6嫁基,杂芳基 C1-9垸基,芳基 C2- 6烯基,杂芳基 C2-6烯基,芳基 C2- 6炔基,杂芳基 C2- 6炔基, C1- 6垸基,杂烷基,环烷基,任选被一个或多 个如下基团取代:羟基,卤素,硝基,氰基,卤 C1-8烷基 * C1-8烷氧基, G1-6烷基羰基, Gi-8 烷氧幾基,芳基 C1-8烷氧羰基;
上述合成路线 2反应式中的试剂: (h)氯甲酸苄酯, lmol/L.氢氧化钠溶液; (i)各种胺 类,二环己基碳二亚胺, 1-轻基苯并三氮唑/无水四氢呋喃;; (j)溴^酸甲酯,碳酸钾,无水 N, N-二甲基:甲酰胺; (k)羟胺钾,无水申醇。
5.权利要求 1或 2所述的化合物在制备预防或治疗与组蛋白去乙酰化酶活性异常表达 相关的哺乳动物疾病的药物中的应用;所述的与组蛋白去乙酰化酶活性异常表达的相关哺 乳动物疾病包括:痺症,神经荧性疾病,病零感染;,炎症,白血病,疟疾和糖尿病:。
6.一种适于口服给予哺乳动物的药物组合物,包含权利要求 1或 2:的化合物和一种或 多种药学上可接受载体或赋形剂。
7. 一种适于胃肠外给予哺乳动物的药物组合物,包含权利要求 1或 2的化合物和一种 或多种药学上可接受载体或赋形剂。
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