WO2011049095A1 - 複合材料用ドリル並びにそれを用いた機械加工方法及び機械加工装置 - Google Patents
複合材料用ドリル並びにそれを用いた機械加工方法及び機械加工装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011049095A1 WO2011049095A1 PCT/JP2010/068401 JP2010068401W WO2011049095A1 WO 2011049095 A1 WO2011049095 A1 WO 2011049095A1 JP 2010068401 W JP2010068401 W JP 2010068401W WO 2011049095 A1 WO2011049095 A1 WO 2011049095A1
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- Prior art keywords
- drill
- tip
- cutting edge
- end side
- diameter
- Prior art date
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B51/00—Tools for drilling machines
- B23B51/0081—Conical drills
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B51/00—Tools for drilling machines
- B23B51/02—Twist drills
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B51/00—Tools for drilling machines
- B23B51/08—Drills combined with tool parts or tools for performing additional working
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D—PLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D77/00—Reaming tools
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D—PLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D77/00—Reaming tools
- B23D77/14—Reamers for special use, e.g. for working cylinder ridges
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2226/00—Materials of tools or workpieces not comprising a metal
- B23B2226/27—Composites
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2251/00—Details of tools for drilling machines
- B23B2251/04—Angles, e.g. cutting angles
- B23B2251/043—Helix angles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2251/00—Details of tools for drilling machines
- B23B2251/04—Angles, e.g. cutting angles
- B23B2251/043—Helix angles
- B23B2251/046—Variable
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T408/00—Cutting by use of rotating axially moving tool
- Y10T408/03—Processes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T408/00—Cutting by use of rotating axially moving tool
- Y10T408/65—Means to drive tool
- Y10T408/675—Means to drive tool including means to move Tool along tool-axis
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T408/00—Cutting by use of rotating axially moving tool
- Y10T408/89—Tool or Tool with support
- Y10T408/909—Having peripherally spaced cutting edges
- Y10T408/9095—Having peripherally spaced cutting edges with axially extending relief channel
- Y10T408/9097—Spiral channel
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a drill suitable for drilling a composite material such as a fiber reinforced composite material represented by CFRP (Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics).
- CFRP Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics
- the present invention relates to a composite material drill that can perform high-quality drilling without causing delamination on the drilled surface without causing any problems.
- Patent Documents 2 and 3 describe drills that provide a small-diameter portion on the tip side to suppress burrs in through holes.
- Patent Document 4 describes a double angle drill in which a primary cutting edge having a tip angle of 118 ° and a secondary cutting blade having a tip angle of about 30 ° are connected as a drill suitable for simultaneous drilling of CFRP and an aluminum alloy plate. ing.
- Patent Document 5 as a drill suitable for CFRP drilling, a shape having a prepared hole processing part for machining a prepared hole and a finished part, and the diameter difference between the finished part and the prepared hole processed part is 0.1 mm or more and 2 mm or less. A two-stage drill is described.
- Fiber-reinforced composite materials are lightweight and have high strength and rigidity, and are often used in aircraft structural materials.
- CFRP used for aircraft structural materials has strict requirements regarding quality. For example, there is no burr protruding on the mating surface with other members, and no delamination occurs on the perforated surface of CFRP. .
- CFRP has a structure in which carbon fibers containing hard-to-cut carbon fibers and a resin material that is a binder for binding the carbon fibers are formed in layers. Burrs are more likely to occur in the processed part than the workpiece, and delamination is likely to occur due to the thrust resistance during processing. With respect to the problems related to the perforating process of the fiber reinforced composite material, the techniques described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 described above cannot obtain a practically sufficient effect.
- the “thrust resistance” is a resistance force applied in the direction opposite to the drill feed direction in drilling.
- Patent Document 3 since only a small diameter portion is formed on the tip side of the drill as in Patent Document 2, when the work material is CFRP, the technique described in Patent Document 3 is also satisfactory in terms of suppressing burrs. The effect is not obtained.
- the drill described in Patent Document 4 is a two-stage drill having a pilot hole machining section and a finishing machining section, and has a machining configuration in which burrs generated in the pilot hole machining section are removed by the finishing machining section.
- it has a shape in which the diameter difference between the finished machined part and the prepared hole machined part is increased, and the cutting mechanism is the same as that of normal drilling, and it does not fundamentally solve the suppression of peeling and burrs.
- Patent Document 4 measures are taken to reduce the occurrence of burrs due to chip jamming by reducing the twist angle and improving chip discharge.
- the technology described in Patent Document 4 cannot be achieved by reducing the thrust resistance at the time of machining only by using a straight cutting edge structure at the machined portion, and does not lead to an improvement in wear resistance of the tool edge.
- a satisfactory effect cannot be obtained.
- Patent Document 5 since the prepared part of the prepared hole has a plurality of stepped structures, the thrust resistance received by the drill during diameter expansion is large, and there is a problem in improving the wear resistance of the tool edge.
- the present invention has been made in view of such problems of the prior art, and by performing combined machining with a drill having a tapered portion and a straight portion having a tapered shape, almost no burrs or delaminations are caused on the workpiece. It is an object to enable high-quality drilling to be performed in one step without being generated.
- the composite material drill according to the present invention is a composite material drill for perforating a workpiece including at least a part of a fiber reinforced composite material, the tip portion having a tip cutting edge formed thereon, and the rear portion of the tip portion. And a tapered portion formed in a tapered shape with a diameter difference between a tip side diameter and a rear end side diameter larger than the tip side diameter. Is formed such that a spirally twisted outer peripheral cutting edge is formed to continuously increase the drilling diameter, and is formed to be connected to the rear end side of the tapered portion and the rear end of the tapered portion.
- the present invention is characterized in that it has a straight portion formed entirely in the same diameter so that a finishing diameter larger than the side diameter can be formed.
- the taper portion is formed with a chip discharge groove that is spirally twisted along the outer peripheral cutting edge. Further, the taper portion is characterized in that a taper angle between an outer diameter line in contact with the outer diameter on the front end side and the outer diameter on the rear end side and a drill axis center line is set to 45 ° or less. Further, the tip cutting edge of the tip portion has a tip angle of 60 ° to 140 °, and the outer peripheral cutting edge of the taper portion is formed continuously with the tip cutting edge and A rake angle or a rake angle and a clearance angle are formed with respect to a conical surface in contact with the outer periphery of the land of the taper portion.
- the tip portion, the taper portion, and the straight portion are integrated coaxially.
- the straight portion is formed in a round land drill shape or a reamer shape.
- the axial center of the tip part, the taper part, and the straight part is made to coincide with the rotational axis.
- the connecting portion between the tapered portion and the straight portion is connected in such a manner that the outer diameter on the front end side of the straight portion is tapered toward the outer diameter on the rear end side of the tapered portion.
- the machining method according to the present invention is a machining method for drilling a workpiece including at least a part of a fiber-reinforced composite material using the above-described drill, wherein the tip cutting edge and the taper portion of the tip portion A prepared hole is drilled in the workpiece by the outer peripheral cutting edge, and the formed prepared hole is drilled by finishing by the straight portion.
- a machining apparatus includes a driving unit that holds the above-described drill and rotationally drives the central axis of the drill, and a supporting unit that supports a workpiece including at least a part of a fiber-reinforced composite material. And a moving means for relatively moving the drive means and / or the support means so as to drill the drill into the workpiece.
- the drill for composite materials according to the present invention can be drilled by expanding the diameter of the prepared hole while keeping the cutting resistance low at the taper portion, and it is difficult for burrs to occur in the processed portion, and further, in the drilling direction with respect to the workpiece.
- the thrust resistance is also reduced, and the peeling force with respect to the interface in the composite material is also reduced, so that delamination hardly occurs.
- the straight part to be finished is set to be coaxial with the tapered part and connected and integrated, high-precision drilling can be performed.
- it has an outer peripheral cutting edge having a rake angle or a rake angle and a clearance angle with respect to a conical surface that has a tip cutting edge and is in contact with the outer periphery of the land of the taper portion, and a straight portion connected to the outer peripheral cutting edge.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 1.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 1.
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line CC in FIG. 5. It is an expanded sectional view regarding the outer periphery cutting edge of the drill shown in FIG.
- the straight portion is formed as a reamer as the first embodiment, and the straight portion is rounded as the second embodiment.
- Two forms of the land drill are described with reference to the drawings.
- FIG. 1 is a side view of a drill 1 according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a front view of the tapered portion of FIG. 1 as viewed from the front end side toward the rear end side.
- 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG.
- the drill 1 is a two-blade drill, in which a straight portion 3 that forms a reamer is connected to the tip of the shank 2, and a tapered portion 4 is integrally connected to the tip of the straight portion 3. At the tip of the taper portion 4, a tip cutting edge 5 that is a tip portion is formed.
- the tip cutting edge 5 is a cutting edge that first bites and cuts the workpiece, and induces diameter expansion processing by the outer peripheral cutting edge 7 formed in the tapered portion 4. Further, by forming the tip angle in the range of 60 ° to 140 °, the biting and centripetal properties of the drill are improved, and the rotation of the drill is reduced.
- the axial step length L1 between the protrusion at the center portion of the blade sharpening surface and the cutting blade surface is set to 0.5 mm or more.
- the centripetality at the time of preparing the pilot hole is improved.
- the tip angle ⁇ 1 of the tip cutting edge 5 is set to an angle of 90 °, the rigidity and centripetal property of the drill tip are improved, and the sharpness of the tip cutting edge 5 is improved.
- the taper portion 4 has a tapered shape formed by the difference in diameter between the front end side outer diameter D1 and the rear end side outer diameter D2, and the straight portion 3 is integrally connected to the rear end side.
- the straight portion 3 is formed to have a larger diameter than the tapered portion 4.
- “taper” means a shape in which a predetermined angle is set between a straight line in contact with the outer diameter on the front end side and the outer diameter on the rear end side and the drill central axis.
- the tapered portion 4 is shaped like a candle and has two outer peripheral cutting edges 7 formed continuously with the tip cutting edge 5.
- an outer peripheral cutting edge 7 that is spirally twisted is formed so as to continuously increase the perforation diameter.
- a chip discharge groove 6 that is spirally twisted along the blade 7 is formed.
- the chip discharge groove 6 provided on the outer periphery of the taper portion 4 is formed as a groove having a twist angle ⁇ 3.
- the twist angle ⁇ 3 of the chip discharge groove 6 depends on the size of the tip angle and the material of the workpiece, but it can be set to 60 ° or less in order to prevent the cutting edge from becoming too sharp and easily chipped.
- the chips containing the fiber material of the composite material can be quickly discharged by setting the angle to 60 ° or less.
- the outer peripheral cutting edge 7 is formed by the intersection ridge of the margin 8 and the chip discharge groove 6 and has a positive rake angle ⁇ 4 of 10 to 10 with respect to the conical surface in contact with the land outer periphery of the taper portion 4. It is formed as a cutting edge set at 30 °. By forming in this way, the angle of a blade edge becomes sharp and sharpness can be remarkably improved.
- the taper angle ⁇ 2 resulting from the diameter difference between the front end side outer diameter D1 and the rear end side outer diameter D2 of the taper portion 4 is set to 45 ° or less.
- the taper angle ⁇ 2 is greater than 45 °, the thrust resistance exceeds the rotational force, so that a large burr is generated and cannot be reliably removed at the straight portion.
- the length L2 from the front end side outer diameter D1 to the rear end side outer diameter D2 of the taper portion 4 is determined by the taper angle ⁇ 2.
- a margin 8 is formed on the outer periphery of the taper portion 4 and is set as a cutting edge having a positive rake angle ⁇ 4 of 10 to 30 °.
- a tapered portion 4 is connected to the tip of the straight portion 3, and a shank is connected to the rear end of the straight portion 3.
- the front end side of the straight part 3 is processed into the taper shape.
- the straight portion 3 is formed in a reamer shape for shaping a portion left uncut by the tapered portion 4 that performs the pilot hole machining, and is 0.01 mm to 0 mm from the outer diameter D2 on the rear end side of the tapered portion 4. It is formed to a finishing diameter D3 having a large diameter of 1 mm.
- the axial centers of the tip cutting edge 5, the tapered portion 4 and the straight portion 3 are aligned with the rotational axis, and the connecting portion between the tapered portion 4 and the straight portion 3 has an outer diameter on the distal end side of the straight portion 3 that is the tapered portion 4.
- drilling can be performed with good machining quality without generating burrs.
- the tip cutting edge 5, the taper portion 4, the straight portion 3, and the shank 2 are also connected with a tolerance of coaxiality 0.01.
- the material of the drill includes cemented carbide, high speed steel, tool steel, etc., but it is desirable to use cemented carbide for the taper portion 4 and the tip cutting edge 5 for drilling the prepared hole. Moreover, you may comprise the taper part 4 and the straight part 3 with a respectively different raw material.
- the drill 1 is mounted on a known machining device and used for drilling a composite material as a workpiece.
- the composite material is suitable for perforating a fiber-reinforced composite material, and particularly suitable for a composite material in which fibers are laminated in layers.
- fiber reinforced composite materials include carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP), glass fiber reinforced plastic (GFRP), long glass fiber reinforced plastic (GMT), boron fiber reinforced plastic (BFRP), aramid fiber reinforced plastic (AFRP, KFRP), Examples thereof include polyethylene fiber reinforced plastic (DFRP).
- a workpiece may contain a fiber reinforced composite material in part, and is not specifically limited.
- FIG. 5 is a side view relating to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a front view relating to the tip of the drill shown in FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC of FIG.
- FIG. 8 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the outer peripheral cutting edge of the drill shown in FIG.
- the drill 10 includes a tip cutting edge 14 that is a tip, a taper portion 13 having an outer peripheral cutting edge 16, a straight portion 12 formed in a round land drill shape, and a shank 11. Each of them is configured to be connected and integrated on the same axis.
- the drill 10 is a two-blade drill, in which a straight portion 12 is connected to the tip of the shank 11, and a tapered portion 13 is connected to the tip of the straight portion 12 integrally.
- the taper part 13, the straight part 12, and the shank 11 are connected with a tolerance of coaxiality 0.01.
- the taper portion 13 has a tapered shape formed by a difference in diameter between the front end side outer diameter D4 and the rear end side outer diameter D5, and the straight portion 12 is integrally connected to the rear end side.
- the straight portion 12 is formed to have a larger diameter than the tapered portion 13.
- a tip end cutting edge 14 having a tip end angle ⁇ 1 is connected to the tip end side of the tapered portion 13.
- a tapered outer periphery cutting edge 16 is formed on the tapered outer periphery formed from the front end side outer diameter D4 to the rear end side outer diameter D5 of the taper portion 13 so that the diameter of the drilling hole continuously increases.
- Two pieces of chip discharge grooves 15 that are set and twisted spirally along the outer peripheral cutting edge 16 are formed.
- the straight portion 12 is formed in a round land drill shape so as to shape a portion left uncut by the tapered portion 13 which is a prepared hole processing portion.
- the tip cutting edge 14 which is the tip portion has a tip angle ⁇ 1 formed by ridgelines 17 and 18 of the cutting edge, and the tip angle ⁇ 1 is set in a range of 60 ° to 140 °. .
- chip discharge grooves 15 are continuously formed in a spiral shape with a twist angle ⁇ 3.
- the twist angle ⁇ 3 of the chip discharge groove 15 depends on the size of the tip angle and the material of the workpiece, but it can be set to 60 ° or less in order to prevent the cutting edge from becoming too sharp and easily chipped.
- the chips containing the fiber material of the composite material can be quickly discharged by setting the angle to 60 ° or less.
- the marginal edge 16 as shown in FIG. 3 is not set on the outer peripheral cutting edge 16 of the tapered portion 13 which is a pilot hole machining portion, and as shown in FIG.
- the rake angle ⁇ 5 and the relief angle ⁇ 4 are set in the range of 5 ° to 20 °, and the outer peripheral cutting edge 16 is formed on the outer peripheral edge of the tapered portion 13.
- the taper angle ⁇ 2 resulting from the diameter difference between the front end side outer diameter D4 and the rear end side outer diameter D5 of the taper portion 13 is set to 45 ° or less.
- the taper angle ⁇ 2 is greater than 45 °, the thrust resistance exceeds the rotational force, so that a large burr is generated and cannot be reliably removed at the straight portion.
- the length L5 from the front end side outer diameter D4 to the rear end side outer diameter D5 of the taper portion 13 is determined by the taper angle ⁇ 2.
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the straight portion 12 when the CC cross section shown in FIG. 5 is viewed from the rear end side of the straight portion 12 toward the tapered portion 13.
- the straight portion 12 is formed in a round land shape and has a finishing diameter D6 that is 0.01 mm to 0.1 mm larger than the outer diameter D5 on the rear end side of the tapered portion 13.
- the axial centers of the tip cutting edge 14, the taper part 13 and the straight part 12 are aligned with the axis of rotation, and the connecting part between the taper part 13 and the straight part 12 has an outer diameter on the tip side of the straight part 12 of the taper part 13. It is connected in a tapered shape with a reduced diameter toward the rear end side outer diameter.
- the tip cutting edge 14, the taper portion 13, the straight portion 12, and the shank 11 are integrated with a tolerance of coaxiality 0.01.
- the surface of the drill 10 main body is covered with a coating 19 made of diamond, as shown in FIG.
- the coating film 19 can be formed by, for example, a well-known CVD method or PVD method, and may be a DLC film.
- Drills specializing in the processing of composite materials such as fiber reinforced resin materials need to sharpen the cutting edge and improve sharpness.
- the cutting edge radius can be reduced. Can be shaped small.
- chipping and abrasion of the cutting edge tip are likely to occur. Therefore, by forming the coating film 19 with nano-diamond coating, the outer peripheral cutting edge has a good sharpness without increasing the diameter of the cutting edge radius.
- FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram using a model for the taper angle of the taper portion forming the outer peripheral cutting edge and the thrust resistance applied during processing.
- the taper portion has a taper angle ⁇ 2 ( ⁇ 2 in the second embodiment), and the cutting resistance F applied at the time of drilling is displayed as a vector up to the intersection with the perpendicular drawn from the center of the taper surface toward the center line.
- the vertical component of the cutting force F is the thrust resistance H
- the horizontal component of F is the back component U.
- FIG. 9A shows a model with a taper angle ⁇ 2 of less than 45 °
- FIG. 9B shows a model with a taper angle ⁇ 2 of 45 °
- FIG. 9C shows a taper angle ⁇ 2 of 45 °.
- the thrust resistance H increases as the taper angle ⁇ 2 increases, and the taper angle ⁇ 2 should be 45 ° or less.
- the thrust resistance H is reduced, which can contribute to the reduction of occurrence of burrs and delamination.
- FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram regarding the difference between the cutting action of the conventional straight twist drill and the drill of the present invention.
- FIG. 10A is an explanatory diagram regarding the cutting action of a straight twist drill, in which a linear blade provided at the tip rotates and cuts in the axial direction, similar to the case of cutting with a scissors. This is the cutting action.
- FIG. 10B is an explanatory diagram relating to the cutting action by the drill of the present invention, and the portion B2 is cut in the same manner as the cutting action of the straight twist drill, but for guiding the outer peripheral cutting edge provided in the tapered portion. It also plays a role in improving centripetality.
- Part B1 shows the cutting action by the outer peripheral cutting edge of the taper portion, and the outer peripheral cutting edge provided in the taper portion is formed in an arc shape and a spiral shape, and is formed into a tapered shape as a whole.
- the material is continuously cut by point contact, generates powdery chips, and contributes to reduced wear of the outer peripheral cutting edge.
- the outer peripheral cutting edge has the same cutting action as that of cutting with a knife due to the inclination by the twist angle and the rotation of the cutting edge along the outer peripheral surface direction accompanying the drill rotation, and a sharp cutting edge is obtained. Further, since the outer peripheral cutting edge is spiral and formed in a tapered shape as a whole, the total extension of the cutting edge for expanding the diameter can be taken longer, which contributes to the improvement of the tool life.
- FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram relating to a machining method when the drill according to the present invention is used.
- FIG. 11A shows a state immediately before the start of drilling, and the tip of the drill 10 is set so as to abut on the plate-shaped workpiece M vertically.
- tip part bites with respect to the workpiece M (for example, fiber reinforced composite material), and the outer periphery of a taper part is cut
- FIG. 11C the taper portion enters the workpiece M while the drill 10 rotates, and the diameter expanding process is performed by the outer peripheral cutting edge.
- pilot hole processing is performed without causing delamination and burrs in the processed portion.
- the straight portion enters the workpiece while the drill 10 is rotated, and finishing is performed. Then, after the straight portion is removed from the workpiece M while finishing, the drill 10 is pulled up and the drilling process is completed.
- FIG. 12 is an external perspective view of a machining apparatus using the drill according to the present invention.
- the machining apparatus 100 includes a moving means including a XYZ three-axis movable mechanism by a ball screw mechanism or a linear motor mechanism and a five-axis mechanism to which a rotation mechanism around the X and Y axes is added.
- the Z-axis moving mechanism 101 supports the drill 104 attached to the spindle shaft 103 and moves it up and down.
- a ball screw mechanism or a linear motor mechanism is used as the moving means.
- the Z-axis moving mechanism 101 includes a drive source that rotationally drives the spindle shaft 103.
- the XY axis moving mechanism 102 moves the installation table to the X axis, the Y axis, or the XY compound axis.
- a ball screw mechanism or a linear motor mechanism is used as the moving means.
- a support tool 106 such as a vise or a restraining jig is disposed on the installation table, and a workpiece 105 made of a fiber reinforced composite material or the like is placed and fixed on the support tool 106.
- the XY axis moving mechanism 102 is driven by a ball screw mechanism or a linear motor mechanism.
- the Z-axis moving mechanism 101 and the XY-axis moving mechanism 102 are controlled to perform drilling while rotating the drill 104 with respect to the workpiece 105.
- the support tool 106 what has the function to pinch
- the spindle axis may be arranged on the X axis or the Y axis.
- Example 1 As shown in FIG. 5, a cutting test was performed on a drill having a tip portion having a tip cutting edge and a tapered portion and a straight portion on which an outer peripheral cutting edge was formed, and a thrust resistance (force applied in the drill axial direction) was measured.
- the drill base material is cemented carbide and diamond coating
- the tip angle ⁇ 1 135 ° of the tip of the drill
- the tip of the taper Side outer diameter D4 3.0 mm
- rear end side outer diameter D5 5.0 mm of the tapered portion
- outer diameter D6 5.0 mm of the straight portion
- clearance angle ⁇ 4 of the outer peripheral cutting edge of the tapered portion 10 °
- the drill base material was high speed, TiCN coating was performed
- the cutting test was performed under the following conditions, and carbon fiber reinforced plastic was cut for the purpose of measuring the thrust resistance (force applied to the drill axis direction) in drilling.
- ⁇ Work material> A plate-shaped body made of carbon fiber reinforced plastic (manufactured by Toray; model T700) with a thickness of 5 mm
- Kistler cutting dynamometer model 9123C
- FIG. 13 is a table showing measurement results in a cutting test when using the drills A to D and the comparative drills E to G shown in FIG. 5 in which no margin is set on the outer peripheral cutting edge.
- the thrust resistance unit: N
- the average value of the measured values at the time of processing 1 to 5 holes was calculated.
- Example 2 Next, the same cutting test was performed using the same seven types of drills as in Example 1, and the presence or absence of burrs near the through hole of the workpiece (carbon fiber reinforced plastic) was observed with the naked eye.
- FIG. 14 is a table showing the observation results when the number of burrs in the vicinity of the through hole by 7 types of drills is processed up to the number of processing of 10 holes, 40 holes, 80 holes, and 120 holes.
- FIG. 15 shows the case where drills A and G, which are comparative examples, and the drills E to G, which are comparative examples, are processed to the number of holes of 1 hole, 10 holes, 40 holes, and 100 holes, respectively, with respect to the presence or absence of burrs. It is a table
- the composite material is provided with a structure in which a tip portion having a tip cutting edge, a taper portion having an outer peripheral cutting edge, and a straight portion for finishing are connected and integrated like a drill according to the present invention.
- stable cutting without burrs and delamination can be performed, and high-definition and high-precision drilling can be realized with a single drill with a simple structure and low cost.
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Abstract
Description
図5に示すように、先端切れ刃を有する先端部並びに外周切れ刃が形成されたテーパ部及びストレート部を備えたドリルについて切削試験を行い、スラスト抵抗(ドリル軸方向にかかる力)測定した。
<切削速度>
ドリル母材が超硬合金の場合100m/min
ドリル母材がハイスの場合24m/min
<ドリルの送り速度>
ドリル母材が超硬合金の場合200mm/min
ドリル母材がハイスの場合150mm/min
<被加工材>
炭素繊維強化プラスチック(東レ製;型式T700)からなる板厚5mmの板状体
<切削油>
使用しない
<ドリル加工機>
株式会社松浦機械製作所製縦型MC(型式MC-510VF-Gr 型番BT40)
<切削抵抗測定機器>
キスラー社製切削動力計(型式9123C)
次に、実施例1と同様の7種類のドリルを用いて同様の切削試験を行い、被加工材(炭素繊維強化プラスチック)の貫通穴付近のバリの有無について肉眼で観察した。
Claims (11)
- 繊維強化複合材料を少なくとも一部に含む被加工材に穿孔する複合材料用ドリルであって、先端切れ刃が形成された先端部と、前記先端部の後端側に連接して形成されるとともに先端側外径及び当該先端側外径よりも大径の後端側外径の径差でテーパ形状に形成されたテーパ部と、前記テーパ部の後端側に連接して形成されるとともに前記テーパ部の前記後端側外径よりも大径の仕上げ加工径が形成可能となるように全体が同径に形成されたストレート部とを有し、前記テーパ部の外周には、螺旋状にねじれた外周切れ刃が形成されて連続的に穿孔径が大きくなるように設定されていることを特徴とする複合材料用ドリル。
- 前記テーパ部には、前記外周切れ刃に沿って螺旋状にねじれた切屑排出溝が形成されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のドリル。
- 前記テーパ部は、前記先端側外径及び前記後端側外径に接する外径線とドリル軸の中心線との間のテーパ角を45°以下に設定していることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載のドリル。
- 前記先端部の前記先端切れ刃は、60°~140°の先端角を有しており、前記テーパ部の前記外周切れ刃は、前記先端切れ刃と連続して形成されているとともに前記テーパ部のランド外周に接する円錐面に対してすくい角又はすくい角及び逃げ角が形成されていることを特徴とする請求項1から3のいずれかに記載のドリル。
- 前記先端部、前記テーパ部及び前記ストレート部は、同軸状に一体化されていることを特徴とする請求項1から4のいずれかに記載のドリル。
- 前記ストレート部は、丸ランドドリル状又はリーマ状に形成されていることを特徴とする請求項5に記載のドリル。
- 前記先端部、前記テーパ部及び前記ストレート部の軸心を回転軸心に合致させていることを特徴とする請求項5又は6に記載のドリル。
- 前記テーパ部及び前記ストレート部の間の連接部は、前記ストレート部の先端側外径が前記テーパ部の前記後端側外径に向けてテーパ状に縮径して連接していることを特徴とする請求項5から7のいずれかに記載のドリル。
- 請求項1から8のいずれかに記載のドリルを備えた穿孔加工具。
- 請求項1から8のいずれかに記載のドリルを用いて繊維強化複合材料を少なくとも一部に含む被加工材に穿孔する機械加工法であって、前記先端部の前記先端切れ刃及び前記テーパ部の前記外周切れ刃により前記被加工材に下穴加工を行い、形成された下穴に前記ストレート部により仕上げ加工を行って穿孔することを特徴とする機械加工方法。
- 請求項1から8のいずれかに記載のドリルを保持するとともに前記ドリルの中心軸を中心に回転駆動する駆動手段と、繊維強化複合材料を少なくとも一部に含む被加工材を支持する支持手段と、前記ドリルを前記被加工材に対して穿孔加工を行うように前記駆動手段及び/又は前記支持手段を相対的に移動させる移動手段とを備えていることを特徴とする機械加工装置。
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US13/503,193 US20120269591A1 (en) | 2009-10-21 | 2010-10-19 | Drill for composite material as well as machining method using same and machining apparatus using same |
KR1020127010171A KR20120089685A (ko) | 2009-10-21 | 2010-10-19 | 복합 재료용 드릴 및 그것을 사용한 기계 가공 방법 및 기계 가공 장치 |
EP10824944.2A EP2492034A4 (en) | 2009-10-21 | 2010-10-19 | DRILLING MACHINE FOR A COMPOSITE MATERIAL AND PROCESSING METHOD THEREFOR AND MACHINING DEVICE THEREWITH |
CN2010800474987A CN102574219A (zh) | 2009-10-21 | 2010-10-19 | 复合材料用钻头及使用其的机械加工方法及机械加工装置 |
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JP2009241971 | 2009-10-21 | ||
JP2009-241971 | 2009-10-21 | ||
JP2010-234838 | 2010-10-19 | ||
JP2010234838A JP5135614B2 (ja) | 2009-10-21 | 2010-10-19 | 複合材料用ドリル並びにそれを用いた機械加工方法及び機械加工装置 |
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WO2011049095A1 true WO2011049095A1 (ja) | 2011-04-28 |
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PCT/JP2010/068401 WO2011049095A1 (ja) | 2009-10-21 | 2010-10-19 | 複合材料用ドリル並びにそれを用いた機械加工方法及び機械加工装置 |
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US (1) | US20120269591A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2492034A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5135614B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20120089685A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN102574219A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2011049095A1 (ja) |
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CN104999118A (zh) * | 2015-07-13 | 2015-10-28 | 大连理工大学 | 一种用于碳纤维复合材料制孔的高效专用钻头 |
US9694432B2 (en) | 2011-09-19 | 2017-07-04 | Exactaform Cutting Tools Limited | Drill reamer |
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Cited By (6)
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WO2012157468A1 (ja) * | 2011-05-18 | 2012-11-22 | Uht株式会社 | ドリル及びそれを用いた穿孔装置 |
US9434009B2 (en) | 2011-05-18 | 2016-09-06 | Uht Corporation | Drill and boring device using same |
US9694432B2 (en) | 2011-09-19 | 2017-07-04 | Exactaform Cutting Tools Limited | Drill reamer |
FR2983422A1 (fr) * | 2011-12-01 | 2013-06-07 | Airbus Operations Sas | Meche pour outil alesant conique |
CN104999118A (zh) * | 2015-07-13 | 2015-10-28 | 大连理工大学 | 一种用于碳纤维复合材料制孔的高效专用钻头 |
US11084723B2 (en) | 2016-12-08 | 2021-08-10 | Arkema France | Method for drying and purifying LiFSI |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JP5135614B2 (ja) | 2013-02-06 |
CN102574219A (zh) | 2012-07-11 |
US20120269591A1 (en) | 2012-10-25 |
EP2492034A1 (en) | 2012-08-29 |
EP2492034A4 (en) | 2014-04-16 |
KR20120089685A (ko) | 2012-08-13 |
JP2011104766A (ja) | 2011-06-02 |
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