WO2011043211A1 - 静電塗装システム、静電塗装用スプレーガン、および、交流電源装置 - Google Patents
静電塗装システム、静電塗装用スプレーガン、および、交流電源装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011043211A1 WO2011043211A1 PCT/JP2010/066689 JP2010066689W WO2011043211A1 WO 2011043211 A1 WO2011043211 A1 WO 2011043211A1 JP 2010066689 W JP2010066689 W JP 2010066689W WO 2011043211 A1 WO2011043211 A1 WO 2011043211A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- voltage
- high voltage
- electrostatic coating
- supply line
- power supply
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
- B05B5/025—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns
- B05B5/03—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns characterised by the use of gas, e.g. electrostatically assisted pneumatic spraying
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
- B05B5/025—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns
- B05B5/053—Arrangements for supplying power, e.g. charging power
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
- B05B5/025—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns
- B05B5/053—Arrangements for supplying power, e.g. charging power
- B05B5/0533—Electrodes specially adapted therefor; Arrangements of electrodes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
- B05B5/025—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns
- B05B5/053—Arrangements for supplying power, e.g. charging power
- B05B5/0533—Electrodes specially adapted therefor; Arrangements of electrodes
- B05B5/0535—Electrodes specially adapted therefor; Arrangements of electrodes at least two electrodes having different potentials being held on the discharge apparatus, one of them being a charging electrode of the corona type located in the spray or close to it, and another being of the non-corona type located outside of the path for the material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B12/00—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area
- B05B12/004—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area comprising sensors for monitoring the delivery, e.g. by displaying the sensed value or generating an alarm
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B15/00—Details of spraying plant or spraying apparatus not otherwise provided for; Accessories
- B05B15/60—Arrangements for mounting, supporting or holding spraying apparatus
- B05B15/62—Arrangements for supporting spraying apparatus, e.g. suction cups
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
- B05B5/08—Plant for applying liquids or other fluent materials to objects
- B05B5/10—Arrangements for supplying power, e.g. charging power
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
- B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
- B05B7/08—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point
- B05B7/0807—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point to form intersecting jets
- B05B7/0815—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point to form intersecting jets with at least one gas jet intersecting a jet constituted by a liquid or a mixture containing a liquid for controlling the shape of the latter
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/003—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for electrostatic apparatus
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an electrostatic coating system comprising: an electrostatic coating spray gun for spraying a charged paint to be applied to an object to be coated; and an AC power supply device for generating an AC voltage.
- the present invention relates to a spray gun for electrostatic coating that constitutes a coating system, and an AC power supply device that constitutes the electrostatic coating system.
- electrostatic painting One method of painting automobile bodies is electrostatic painting.
- electrostatic coating a high voltage is applied between an object to be coated (such as a vehicle body) and a coating apparatus to form an electrostatic field (electric field lines), and paint particles are charged and ejected. In this way, the paint is adsorbed to the object by electrostatic attraction.
- a coating apparatus for electrostatic coating for example, a spray gun for electrostatic coating described in Patent Document 1 has an electrode in the paint flow path of the gun body. Then, by supplying a high voltage to the electrode, a high voltage is applied between the electrode and the object to be coated, and the paint particles are charged.
- the spray gun for electrostatic painting has a built-in high voltage generator having a high voltage generating circuit.
- the high voltage generated by the high voltage generator is applied to the electrodes. Therefore, in order to improve the charging efficiency of paint particles, and thus the paint application efficiency, a large high-voltage generator or a high-voltage generator with high specifications (maximum voltage that can be applied) is built in.
- the spray gun for electrostatic coating will become larger and heavier.
- a part where an electrode is provided generally the tip part of the gun body
- a part which is grounded generally the gun body
- a certain distance must be secured between the grip portion and the grip portion provided at the rear end portion. Under such circumstances, the spray gun for electrostatic coating generally tends to increase in size and weight due to its configuration. Therefore, it is desired to further reduce the size and weight of the spray gun for electrostatic coating.
- the spray gun for electrostatic painting is considered. According to the spray gun for electrostatic coating having such a configuration, the charging efficiency of the paint particles is promoted by the electric field formed between the electrode and the grounding body, thereby improving the coating efficiency of the paint. Can do. Therefore, even if the voltage generated by the high voltage generator is reduced, the paint can be charged (electrostaticized) to the same extent as in the past.
- the grounded conductive grounding body can be disposed in the vicinity of the electrode to which the high voltage is supplied without trouble.
- the distance between the body and the electrode can be shortened.
- the structure in which the grounding body is disposed in the vicinity of the electrode with a gap from the electrode is compact, and the spray gun for electrostatic coating can be reduced in size and weight.
- the grounding body as described above needs to be securely held at the ground potential so that the grounding body is not charged.
- electrostatic discharge occurs and there is a risk of igniting surrounding explosive gas (such as gasified organic solvent contained in the sprayed paint). Because there is.
- the ground body is structured to be removable from the spray gun for electrostatic coating, the ground body can be easily cleaned.
- the cleaned grounding body is attached to the spray gun for electrostatic coating, there is a possibility that the mounting becomes uncertain, and in such a case, the grounding body cannot be held at the ground potential.
- the grounding body may come off from the electrostatic painting spray gun during the painting operation. In such a case, the grounding body cannot be held at the ground potential. Therefore, if the grounding body is simply configured to be removable from the spray gun for electrostatic coating, the grounding body may not be reliably held at the ground potential, and accidents such as ignition of explosive gas due to charging of the grounding body may occur. There is a risk of inviting.
- An electrostatic coating system includes an electrostatic coating spray gun for spraying a charged paint to be applied to an object to be coated, and an AC power supply device that generates an AC voltage.
- the spray gun for electrostatic coating generates a DC high voltage based on a gun body made of a non-conductive material and an AC voltage supplied from the AC power supply device via an AC voltage supply line.
- High voltage generating means, an electrode for applying a DC high voltage generated by the high voltage generating means, charging the paint to be sprayed, and the gun body are detachable, and are separated from the electrodes in the mounted state.
- Ma Is a detecting means for detecting the voltage of the AC voltage supply line, and a control means for controlling the supply of the AC voltage to the high voltage generating means via the AC voltage supply line based on the detected current or the detected voltage.
- An open circuit portion is formed in a part of the ground-side supply line that is grounded among the AC voltage supply lines, and the grounding body is attached to the gun body, and the open circuit portion is When the detection current or the detection voltage decreases when the AC voltage is supplied to the high voltage generation unit, or the current or the voltage is not detected Is characterized in that the supply of the AC voltage to the high voltage generating means is stopped.
- the spray gun for electrostatic coating sprays a charged paint and applies it to an object to be coated, and forms an electrostatic coating system together with an AC power supply device that generates an AC voltage.
- a spray gun for a gun a gun body made of a non-conductive material, high voltage generating means for generating a DC high voltage based on an AC voltage supplied from the AC power supply device via an AC voltage supply line, A DC high voltage generated by the high voltage generating means is applied, and the electrode for charging the sprayed paint is detachable from the gun body, and is disposed in a state separated from the electrode in the mounted state,
- a grounding body having conductivity to generate an electric field between the electrode to which a high DC voltage is applied, and an open circuit portion in a part of the grounded supply line that is grounded among the AC voltage supply lines Formed
- the grounding body is in a state of being attached to the gun body, characterized in that it is configured to closing the open circuit portion.
- the AC power supply device of the present invention generates an AC voltage, and is for electrostatic coating provided with a high voltage generating means for generating a DC high voltage based on the AC voltage supplied via an AC voltage supply line.
- a detection means for detecting a current flowing through the AC voltage supply line or a voltage of the AC voltage supply line, and based on the detection current or the detection voltage
- Control means for controlling the supply of alternating voltage to the high voltage generating means via the alternating voltage supply line, and the control means supplies the alternating voltage to the high voltage generating means.
- the detected current or the detected voltage decreases, or when the current or the voltage is not detected, the supply of the AC voltage to the high voltage generating means is stopped. Characterized in that it is.
- the ground body of the spray gun for electrostatic coating is configured to be detachable from the gun body, and is grounded among the AC voltage supply lines while being attached to the gun body. Close the open part of the ground-side supply line. Therefore, in a state in which the ground body is not reliably attached to the gun body, the current flowing through the AC voltage supply line or the voltage of the AC voltage supply line decreases. In addition, when the grounding body is detached from the gun body, no current flows through the AC voltage supply line, and no voltage is generated in the AC voltage supply line.
- the control means of the AC power supply device when the detection current or the detection voltage decreases when supplying the AC voltage to the high voltage generating means of the spray gun for electrostatic coating, that is, to the gun body of the grounding body
- the supply of AC voltage to the high voltage generating means is stopped.
- the control means of the AC power supply device stops supplying the AC voltage to the high voltage generating means when no current or voltage is detected, that is, when the grounding body is detached from the gun body.
- the grounding body is configured to be detachable from the gun body, and is attached to the gun body and is grounded among the AC voltage supply lines. Close the open circuit. Therefore, by configuring the electrostatic coating system together with the AC power supply device of the present invention, it is possible to reliably prevent the grounding body from being charged during the painting operation, and to improve the safety of the painting operation.
- the AC power supply device of the present invention when the detection current or the detection voltage decreases when the AC voltage is supplied to the high voltage generating means of the spray gun for electrostatic painting, the AC to the high voltage generating means is reduced. Stop supplying voltage. Further, according to the AC power supply device of the present invention, when no current or voltage is detected, the supply of the AC voltage to the high voltage generating means is stopped. Therefore, by configuring the electrostatic coating system together with the spray gun for electrostatic coating of the present invention, it is possible to reliably prevent the grounding body from being charged during the coating operation, and to improve the safety of the coating operation. it can.
- the 1st Embodiment of this invention is shown and the electrical block diagram of an electrostatic coating system Longitudinal side view showing overall structure of spray gun for electrostatic coating Longitudinal side view of enlarged tip of spray gun for electrostatic coating Front view of the tip of the spray gun for electrostatic coating Vertical side view showing the structure of the earth ring Diagram showing the configuration of the power connector View showing the back of the gun body Diagram showing the rear of the high voltage generator built into the spray gun for electrostatic painting Perspective view of spray gun for electrostatic coating showing the state that the earth ring is attached to the gun body Perspective view of spray gun for electrostatic coating showing the grounding ring removed from the gun body
- FIG. 1 equivalent diagram showing a second embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram schematically showing an electrical configuration of an electrostatic coating system 1 according to the present embodiment.
- the electrostatic coating system 1 includes an electrostatic coating spray gun 2 (hereinafter referred to as a spray gun 2) for spraying a charged paint and applying it to an object to be coated, and a power line 3 (AC) to the spray gun 2. And an AC power supply device 4 that supplies an AC voltage Vac through a voltage supply line).
- the spray gun 2 includes a high voltage generator 5 (corresponding to high voltage generating means), a pin electrode 6, and an earth ring 7 (corresponding to an earth body).
- the high voltage generator 5 includes a step-up transformer 5a constituting a high voltage generation circuit, a high voltage rectifier circuit 5b (for example, a Cockcroft-Walton type voltage doubler rectifier circuit), and a cascade-type high voltage generator integrally molded with an output resistor 5c. This is a voltage generator.
- the high voltage generator 5 generates a DC high voltage Vdc based on the AC voltage Vac supplied from the AC power supply device 4.
- the pin electrode 6 is applied with the DC high voltage Vdc generated by the high voltage generator 5 according to the configuration described later, and charges the paint sprayed from the spray gun 2.
- the earth ring 7 is made of stainless steel, for example, and has conductivity.
- the ground ring 7 can be attached to and detached from the gun main body 21 (see FIGS. 2 and 3) of the spray gun 2 with a configuration described later, and is disposed in a state of being separated from the pin electrode 6 in the mounted state. . And this earth ring 7 produces
- the general configuration of the spray gun 2 has been described above. The detailed configuration of the spray gun 2 will be described later.
- the AC power supply device 4 generates an AC voltage Vac, and includes a control circuit 8 (corresponding to control means), a DC power supply 9 (DC 20 V in this case), two switching elements 10 and 11, and an output transformer 12 And a current coil 13 (corresponding to detection means) and a safety circuit 14.
- the output of the DC power supply 9 is connected to the power supply ground via the switching elements 10 and 11 on the primary side of the output transformer 12.
- the output terminal of the DC power source 9 is set to be positive with respect to the ground potential by the output transformer 12 and the switching element 10, and the output terminal with respect to the ground potential by the output transformer 12 and the switching element 11. Connected to the negative side.
- the switching elements 10 and 11 are constituted by semiconductor switches (in this case, transistors), and the conduction state can be controlled by energization.
- the switching elements 10 and 11 become conductive (on) when energized, and become non-conductive (off) when energization is stopped.
- On / off of the switching elements 10 and 11 is controlled by the control circuit 8.
- the control circuit 8 is mainly composed of a microcomputer having a CPU, a ROM, a RAM, etc. (not shown).
- the control circuit 8 generates a pulse-shaped drive signal corresponding to the energization time (on time) of the switching elements 10 and 11, and outputs it to the switching elements 10 and 11.
- the switching elements 10 and 11 change their energization state (on / off state) in conjunction with the drive signal output from the control circuit 8 to switch the output of the DC power supply 9 to the positive side or the negative side.
- the drive signal is output at a timing at which the ON states of the switching elements 10 and 11 do not overlap each other.
- the switching elements 10 and 11 are alternately turned on / off according to the pulse width of the drive signal, whereby a low-voltage AC voltage Vac (corresponding to the output voltage of the DC power supply 9 is provided on the secondary side of the output transformer 12. In this case, AC 24 V / 20 kHz) is generated.
- the AC voltage Vac is supplied to the high voltage generator 5 in the spray gun 2 via the power line 3.
- the power supply line 3 includes a pair of power supply lines 3a and 3b for supplying the AC voltage Vac to the high voltage generator 5.
- the power supply line 3a (corresponding to the ground side supply line) is grounded via the ground line 15 on the AC power supply device 4 side, and is held at the ground potential. In contrast, the potential of the power supply line 3b varies with respect to the power supply line 3a.
- An open circuit part 3c is formed in a part of the power line 3a (in this case, a part of the power line 3a disposed in the spray gun 2).
- a pair of power feeding / grounding paths 71 and 71 (see FIGS. 2 and 3), which will be described later, are connected to the open circuit portion 3c.
- the current coil 13 is provided on the power supply line 3b that is not held at the ground potential.
- the control circuit 8 detects the current flowing through the power supply line 3 (current flowing through the power supply line 3b) by the current coil 13.
- the control circuit 8 controls the supply of the AC voltage Vac to the high voltage generator 5 via the power supply line 3 (power supply lines 3a and 3b) based on the current detected by the current coil 13. The contents of control by the control circuit 8 will be described later.
- the safety circuit 14 is connected to the high voltage rectifier circuit 5b of the high voltage generator 5 via the current detection cable 16.
- the safety circuit 14 is for detecting the magnitude of the current flowing through the high voltage generator 5 via the current detection cable 16.
- the control circuit 8 detects the current flowing through the high voltage generator 5 by the safety circuit 14 and determines that an excessive current has flowed through the high voltage generator 5, the control circuit 8 supplies the spray gun 2 via the power line 3. For example, the supply of the AC voltage Vac is stopped.
- the spray gun 2 includes a gun body 21 and a grip 22 provided at the rear end portion (right end portion in FIG. 2) of the gun body 21.
- the gun body 21 is made of a synthetic resin material (non-conductive material) such as polyacetal resin or fluorine resin having electrical insulation, for example, and constitutes a barrel portion (barrel portion) of the spray gun 2.
- the above-described high voltage generator 5 (corresponding to high voltage generating means) is incorporated.
- a conductive connecting rod 23 is disposed so as to incline downward toward the front.
- a hole 24 is provided on the front side of the high-voltage generator 5 so that the rear part of the connecting rod 23 is exposed.
- a conductive spring 25 is accommodated in the hole 24.
- the rear portion of the spring 25 is attached to an output terminal 5 d that protrudes from the front end of the high voltage generator 5.
- the front portion of the spring 25 is in contact with the connecting rod 23.
- a paint nozzle 26 having pin electrodes 6 is provided at the front of the gun body 21. The connecting rod 23 and the pin electrode 6 are electrically connected by the configuration described later.
- the grip 22 is made of, for example, a resin material containing metal fiber or metal powder, and therefore has conductivity.
- a power connector 27 and an air hose joint 28 are attached to the lower part of the grip 22, and a cylindrical paint hose joint 30 is connected via a connecting member 29.
- the connecting member 29 is fixed to the lower end portion of the grip 22 with a screw 31. Both the connecting member 29 and the screw 31 are made of a conductive material.
- the connecting member 29 is screwed with a screw 32 connected to the ground wire of the power connector 27 via a lead wire 27a.
- the paint hose joint 30 and the ground wire of the power connector 27 are electrically connected via the connecting member 29.
- a high-frequency voltage necessary for generating a high voltage that is, an AC voltage Vac supplied from the AC power supply device 4 is taken in from a power connector 27 below the grip 22 and supplied to a step-up transformer 5 a in the high voltage generator 5. .
- the supplied AC voltage Vac is boosted by the step-up transformer 5a, further boosted by the high-voltage rectifier circuit 5b, and simultaneously rectified and converted to a DC high voltage Vdc (about 30 kV) via the output resistor 5c.
- the DC high voltage Vdc generated by the high voltage generator 5 is guided from the output terminal 5d to the connecting rod 23 via the spring 25 and applied to the pin electrode 6.
- the high voltage rectifier circuit 5b can change the polarity of the output voltage to either positive (plus) or negative (minus) with respect to the ground potential by changing the direction of the diode in the circuit.
- the polarity of the output voltage of the high voltage rectifier circuit 5b is configured to be negative with respect to the ground potential. Accordingly, in this case, the high voltage generator 5 applies a negative DC high voltage Vdc ( ⁇ 30 kV) to the pin electrode 6.
- a hole 33 extending in the front-rear direction is provided in the lower part of the gun body 21.
- a mounting recess 34 is provided at the front end of the gun body 21.
- the hole 33 is open at the rear end face of the mounting recess 34.
- a paint valve 35 is disposed at the front of the hole 33.
- a hollow guide member 36 is disposed in the hole 33 at the rear of the paint valve 35 with a space.
- the paint valve 35 includes a conductive valve body 37, a valve port 38 that penetrates the valve body 37 in the axial direction, and a needle 39 that opens and closes the valve port 38. It is configured.
- An annular flange 37a is integrally provided on the outer periphery of the front portion of the valve body 37, and the flange 37a and the tip of the connecting rod 23 are in contact with each other.
- the space between the paint valve 35 and the guide member 36 in the hole 33 is a valve chamber 40.
- the front end of the needle 39 is formed in a tapered shape, and is disposed through the valve chamber 40.
- the needle 39 has a rear portion inserted into the guide member 36 and moves in the front-rear direction along the guide member 36.
- the valve port 38 is closed when the front end portion of the needle 39 abuts, and is opened when the front end portion of the needle 39 is separated.
- the needle 39 is always urged in a direction (leftward in FIG. 2) for closing the valve port 38 (see FIG. 3) by a return spring 41 (see FIG. 2) provided at the rear end of the gun body 21. ing.
- the needle 39 moves backward against the return spring 41 only while the trigger 42 provided on the gun body 21 is pulled toward the grip 22 side. Thereby, the valve port 38 is opened.
- the mounting recess 34 has a smaller diameter in the rear half than in the front half, and a paint nozzle 26 is detachably screwed into the small diameter.
- the paint nozzle 26 is made of an insulating synthetic resin material.
- the front half of the paint nozzle 26 projects forward from the mounting recess 34.
- a paint channel 43 penetrating in the front-rear direction is provided at the center of the paint nozzle 26.
- the rear end portion of the paint channel 43 communicates with a valve port 38 (see FIG. 3) of the paint valve 35.
- a portion corresponding to the front end of the paint flow path 43 in the front end portion of the paint nozzle 26 is configured to have a small diameter and serves as a paint discharge port 44.
- an annular space is formed around the coating nozzle 26. This annular space is used as the pattern air flow path 45.
- a paint for example, a solvent-based paint having a relatively high electrical resistance
- a paint supply source for example, a paint tank
- a paint hose (not shown) having no conductivity. It is supplied to the paint hose joint 30 and guided to the valve chamber 40 through the paint tube 46.
- the trigger 42 is not operated, the paint guided to the valve chamber 40 is prevented from being discharged to the paint nozzle 26 by the needle 39 that closes the valve port 38.
- the trigger 42 is operated to open the paint valve 35, the paint supplied into the valve chamber 40 is discharged to the paint flow path 43 in the paint nozzle 26.
- a pin electrode 6 is inserted into the paint flow path 43.
- the front end portion of the pin electrode 6 passes through the paint discharge port 44 and projects forward from the paint discharge port 44.
- the rear half of the pin electrode 6 is held inside a holding member 47 made of a non-conductive material.
- a conductive spring 48 is accommodated in the paint channel 43 behind the holding member 47.
- the rear end portion of the spring 48 is in contact with the front end surface of the valve body 37.
- a plurality of atomizing air passages 49 are formed around the paint passage 43 in the paint nozzle 26.
- the front end portions of these atomizing air passages 49 communicate with an annular atomizing air passage 49a (see FIG. 3) provided at the front end portion of the coating material nozzle 26.
- An air valve 50 (see FIG. 2) is provided at the rear end of the gun body 21.
- An air flow path 51 that connects the air hose joint 28 and the air valve 50 is provided in the grip 22.
- the compressed air for atomized air and pattern air is supplied from the compressed air generator to the air hose joint 28 via a high-pressure air hose (both not shown), and guided to the air valve 50 through the air flow path 51. .
- the air valve 50 is opened and closed by a valve body 52 that moves back and forth integrally with the needle 39. That is, when the paint valve 35 is opened, the air valve 50 is also opened, and when the paint valve 35 is closed, the air valve 50 is also closed.
- the air valve 50 is opened, the compressed air passes through the atomizing air supply path and the pattern air supply path (both not shown) provided in the gun body 21, and the atomizing air flow path of the paint nozzle 26. 49 and the pattern air flow path 45, respectively.
- the front end of the paint nozzle 26 is covered with an air cap 53 made of an insulating resin (for example, made of polyacetal) attached to the front end of the gun body 21.
- an air cap 53 made of an insulating resin (for example, made of polyacetal) attached to the front end of the gun body 21.
- a fitting convex portion 53a is provided at the center of the rear surface of the air cap 53.
- the fitting convex portion 53 a is fitted to the front end portion of the paint nozzle 26.
- an annular step portion 53b is provided on the outer periphery of the rear portion of the air cap 53.
- a distal end portion of a retaining nut 54 made of an insulating resin (for example, polyacetal) is engaged with the annular stepped portion 53b.
- the retaining nut 54 is screwed and fixed to the front end portion of the gun body 21 via an annular fixing member 55.
- the air cap 53 is fitted to the front end portion, and the fixing member 55 and the retaining nut 54 are inserted and screwed from the front end of the air cap 53. 53 is fixed to the gun body 21 together. At this time, an annular space located around the paint nozzle 26 is formed between the air cap 53 and the gun body 21. This space is used together with the pattern air channel 45 as the pattern air channel 45a.
- an atomizing air ejection hole 56 (see FIG. 3) is formed in the center of the air cap 53.
- the paint discharge port 44 of the paint nozzle 26 is inserted into the atomizing air ejection hole 56.
- the atomizing air ejection hole 56 communicates with the atomizing air flow path 49a.
- the atomizing air supplied to the atomizing air channel 49 a is ejected forward through an annular gap between the inner peripheral surface of the atomizing air ejection hole 56 and the outer peripheral surface of the paint discharge port 44.
- a pair of corner portions 57 projecting forward are formed on the upper and lower portions of the front end surface of the air cap 53 with the atomizing air ejection hole 56 interposed therebetween.
- a plurality (two in each case) of pattern air ejection holes 58 communicating with the pattern air flow path 45a are formed in the corner portions 57, respectively. These pattern air ejection holes 58 are inclined obliquely forward toward the central axis of the air cap 53. Therefore, the pattern air as the compressed air supplied to the pattern air flow path 45a is ejected obliquely forward from the pattern air ejection hole 58.
- the above-described earth ring 7 is detachably mounted on the outer periphery of the air cap 53.
- the configuration of the earth ring 7 will be described with reference to FIGS.
- the earth ring 7 is arranged as an annular conductive member centered on the paint discharge port 44.
- the front end of the earth ring 7 is formed in a substantially semicircular cross section, and the rear end of the earth ring 7 is formed in a substantially rectangular cross section.
- a pair of connection terminals 61 protruding rearward (rightward in FIG. 5) are fixed to the upper rear surface of the earth ring 7.
- This connection terminal 61 is also made of stainless steel like the earth ring 7 and has conductivity.
- the connection terminal 61 includes a proximal end member 61a fixed to the earth ring 7 and a distal end member 61b screwed into the proximal end member 61a.
- the tip member 61b has a plurality of press contact portions 61c extending in the axial direction (left and right direction in FIG. 5) of the tip member 61b and projecting in the radial direction of the tip member 61b at the periphery thereof. That is, the tip member 61b has a so-called banana plug shape.
- the power feeding / grounding path 71 includes a pair of shafts 72, 72 made of metal (for example, aluminum), a pair of springs 73, 73 made of metal (for example, stainless steel), and a pair of metal (for example, made of stainless steel). It is comprised from socket part 74,74 (equivalent to a connection part).
- the shafts 72 are embedded in the upper part of the gun body 21 in a state where the shafts 72 are inclined slightly forward and downward (slightly inclined upward) along the longitudinal direction of the gun body 21.
- the rear end portion of the shaft 72 is fixed to the upper rear surface (portion in which the high voltage generator 5 is accommodated) of the gun body 21 by a metal screw 75 (see also FIG. 7A).
- the shaft 72 arranged in this way is entirely covered with the gun body 21.
- Each of the springs 73 is housed inside the upper portion of the gun body 21 with its rear end portion fitted into the front end portion of the shaft 72. Accordingly, these springs 73 are also embedded in the upper part of the gun body 21 in a state where the spring body 73 is inclined slightly forward and downward (slightly inclined upward) along the longitudinal direction of the gun body 21.
- the socket part 74 has an insertion hole 74 a extending in the front-rear direction, and is inserted into and supported by the front end part of the upper part of the gun body 21.
- the front end portion of the spring 73 is in contact with the upper portion of the rear end portion of the socket portion 74.
- the socket portions 74 are electrically connected to the shaft 72 via the springs 73, respectively.
- the distal end portion of the socket portion 74 is covered with a pair of holders 76 made of resin (for example, polyacetal resin). These holders 76 have a through hole 76a at the center thereof. Thereby, the insertion hole 74a of the socket part 74 is in a state of opening forward without being blocked.
- connection terminals 61 of the above-described earth ring 7 are inserted into the insertion holes 74a of the socket part 74, respectively. Thereby, the socket part 74 is electrically connected to the earth ring 7. At this time, the pressure contact portion 61 c (see FIG. 5) of the connection terminal 61 is pressed against the inner surface of the insertion hole 74 a of the socket portion 74. Thereby, the earth ring 7 is detachably attached to the gun body 21. That is, the ground ring 7 is mounted on the gun body 21 by fitting the connection terminal 61 on the ground ring 7 side and the socket portion 74 on the gun body 21 side. In the mounted state, the earth ring 7 is disposed in a state of being separated from the pin electrode 6.
- the pressure contact force of the pressure contact portion 61c with respect to the insertion hole 74a is set to such a size that it cannot be inserted and removed unless the user consciously applies a force to the earth ring 7 (pressure contact portion 61c).
- the power connector 27 has a structure including a power supply wire 27b, a current detection wire 27c, and a grounding wire 27d in addition to the above-described lead wire 27a.
- the power supply wire 27b constitutes a part of the power supply line 3b (see FIG. 1) (the portion disposed in the spray gun 2).
- the rear surface of the high-voltage generator 5 Is connected to a power supply terminal 5e provided on the power supply.
- the current detection wire 27c constitutes a part of the current detection cable 16 (see FIG.
- the grounding electric wire 27d constitutes a part of the power supply line 3a (see FIG. 1) (a part provided in the spray gun 2 and a part closer to the AC power supply device 4 than the open circuit part 3c).
- it is connected to the base end of one power feeding / grounding path 71 (shaft 72) via a screw 75.
- the ground wire 81 is connected to the base end portion of the other power feeding / grounding path 71 (shaft 72) via a screw 75.
- the ground wire 81 constitutes a part of the power supply line 3a (see FIG.
- the spray gun 2 is connected to the power feeding / grounding path 71 (socket part 74, spring 73, shaft 72). ) To the power supply line 3a. In this state, the earth ring 7 closes the open circuit portion 3c of the grounded power supply line 3a, and grounds via the power feeding / grounding path 71 having conductivity and the power supply line 3a held at the ground potential. It has come to be. That is, the earth ring 7 attached to the gun body 21 constitutes a part of the power line 3a.
- the spray gun 2 is configured such that when the ground ring 7 is removed from the gun body 21 (see FIG. 9), the open circuit portion 3c of the power line 3a is opened (open circuit).
- an object to be coated (not shown) to be coated by the electrostatic coating system 1 is grounded (grounded) and has the same potential (grounded potential) as the AC power supply device 4 and the like.
- the object to be grounded in this way becomes an anode with respect to the pin electrode 6 which is a negative electrode in this case.
- the paint valve 35 is opened, and the paint (in this case, solvent-based paint) supplied from the paint hose joint 30 is discharged into the paint flow path 43. Then, it is discharged in the form of a film from the paint discharge port 44 at the front end of the paint nozzle 26 along the surface of the pin electrode 6. Compressed air is supplied to the atomizing air flow path 49, and this compressed air passes through a narrow gap between the inner periphery of the atomizing air ejection hole 56 and the outer periphery of the paint discharge port 44, and is forward as atomized air. Is erupted. As a result, the paint discharged from the paint discharge port 44 along the surface of the pin electrode 6 is atomized by the atomizing air.
- the AC voltage Vac is supplied from the AC power supply device 4 to the high voltage generator 5 through the power supply line 3 (power supply lines 3a and 3b).
- the DC high voltage Vdc (in this case, ⁇ 30 kV) generated by the high voltage generator 5 is guided to the valve body 37 from the output terminal 5d via the spring 25 and the connecting rod 23.
- the DC high voltage Vdc guided to the valve body 37 is supplied to the pin electrode 6 through the spring 48 from its front end.
- a strong electric field (electric field lines) is generated between the pin electrode 6 to which the DC high voltage Vdc is applied and the earth ring 7 held at the ground potential, thereby forming a corona discharge field.
- Charges are induced in the paint passing through 6. Accordingly, the paint particles discharged from the paint discharge port 44 and atomized by the atomizing air jump out into the air (in front of the spray gun 2) in a charged state.
- the paint particles that have jumped out into the air are formed into a shape suitable for painting (in this case, an oval or oval shape) by the pattern air ejected from the pattern air ejection holes 58.
- the paint particles are mainly conveyed to the vicinity of the object by the pattern air.
- a charge having a polarity opposite to the charge of the paint particles is induced on the surface of the object to be grounded by electrostatic induction.
- an electrostatic force acts between the paint particles and the object to be coated, and the paint particles receive a suction force toward the object to be coated. That is, the paint particles are applied to the surface of the object by both the suction force and the spray force of the pattern air.
- suction force by electrostatic force acts, a coating particle wraps around the back side of the to-be-coated object which does not face the spray gun 2, and is applied. Electrostatic coating is performed on the object to be coated by the above operation.
- the grounded conductive earth ring 7 is separated from the pin electrode 6, that is, the earth ring 7 is spaced from the pin electrode 6 in the vicinity of the pin electrode 6.
- the coating efficiency of the paint is higher than that in the case of using the spray gun having the conventional configuration without the earth ring 7. It was confirmed that there was a clear improvement. The reason is considered as follows.
- the earth ring 7 is electrically connected to the power supply line 3 a held at the ground potential via the power feeding / grounding path 71. For this reason, the earth ring 7 is held at the ground potential. Moreover, the earth ring 7 is arranged at a position very close to the pin electrode 6 as compared with the object to be coated. In such a configuration, when the DC high voltage Vdc generated by the high voltage generator 5 is applied to the pin electrode 6, an electric field is formed between the pin electrode 6 and the earth ring 7. The charging of the paint particles is promoted by the electric field formed between the pin electrode 6 and the earth ring 7 in this way. Thereby, the coating efficiency of a coating material improves.
- FIG. 10 is obtained by the experiment of the present inventor and is a diagram schematically showing the relationship between the output voltage (gun tip voltage) applied to the pin electrode 6 and the coating efficiency of the paint.
- the solid line A is that of the spray gun 2 of the present embodiment provided with the earth ring 7
- the solid line B is that of a conventional spray gun that is not provided with the earth ring 7.
- the coating efficiency equivalent to that of the spray gun of the conventional configuration can be achieved at a lower gun tip voltage. Obtainable.
- the application efficiency equivalent to the point b of the spray gun (solid line B) of the conventional configuration in this case, the gun tip voltage is about 60 kV
- the point a in this case, the gun tip voltage can be obtained at 30 kV.
- the charging efficiency of the coating particles it has been confirmed by experiments of the present inventor that the charging efficiency of the coating particles, and thus the coating efficiency of the coating tends to be improved as the diameter of the annular earth ring 7 is smaller.
- the ground ring 7 of the spray gun 2 is in a clean state (a state where no paint is attached to the ground ring 7). Therefore, the application efficiency of the paint can be improved by the above-described action (action in which charging of the paint particles is promoted by the electric field formed between the pin electrode 6 and the earth ring 7).
- the earth ring 7 when the earth ring 7 is disposed away from the tip of the paint discharge port 44 within a predetermined range, the earth ring 7 is sufficiently and appropriately separated from the pin electrode 6. Therefore, even if the paint adheres to the earth ring 7, the discharge current can be suppressed to a low value (in this case, 70 ⁇ A or less). Thereby, it can avoid that the coating efficiency of a coating material falls.
- the ground ring 7 of the spray gun 2 is configured to be detachable from the gun main body 21, and closes the open circuit portion 3 c of the grounded power supply line 3 a while being attached to the gun main body 21. Therefore, when the mounting of the ground ring 7 to the gun body 21 is uncertain, that is, when the contact between the connection terminal 61 and the socket 74 is uncertain, the power line 3 (power lines 3a and 3b) is used. The flowing current decreases. Further, when the ground ring 7 is completely detached from the gun body 21, that is, when the connection terminal 61 and the socket part 74 are not in contact with each other, no current flows through the power line 3 (power lines 3a and 3b).
- the control circuit 8 of the AC power supply device 4 detects the current flowing through the power supply line 3 (power supply line 3b) via the current coil 13 every predetermined time (for example, 4 milliseconds). Then, the control circuit 8 determines that the detection current (current flowing through the power supply line 3b detected by the current coil 13) decreases when the AC voltage Vac is supplied to the high voltage generator 5 of the spray gun 2, that is, When the attachment of the ground ring 7 to the gun body 21 is uncertain, the supply of the AC voltage Vac to the high voltage generator 5 is immediately stopped. Various methods can be used to determine whether or not the detected current has decreased.
- it may be performed based on comparing the detected current with a predetermined threshold, may be performed based on a decrease rate of the detected current (a decrease amount in a predetermined time), or based on a decrease rate of the detected current. You may go.
- control circuit 8 of the AC power supply device 4 does not detect the current (current flowing through the power supply line 3 b) via the current coil 13, that is, the ground ring 7 is completely disconnected from the gun body 21 and the power supply line 3. Even when no current flows through the (power supply lines 3a, 3b), the supply operation of the AC voltage Vac to the high voltage generator 5 is immediately stopped. Then, in response to the control circuit 8 stopping supplying the AC voltage Vac to the high voltage generator 5 of the spray gun 2, the user confirms the mounting state of the ground ring 7 and mounts the ground ring 7. You can fix it. Thereafter, when the user operates the reset switch 8a of the control circuit 8 (refer to FIG.
- the control circuit 8 returns the supply of the AC voltage Vac to the high voltage generator 5. If the detected current decreases or no current is detected after the return, the control circuit 8 immediately stops the supply operation of the AC voltage Vac to the high voltage generator 5 again. ing.
- the ground ring 7 is configured to be detachable from the gun main body 21 of the spray gun 2
- the supply of the AC voltage Vac to the high voltage generator 5 of the spray gun 2 is immediately stopped.
- the AC power supply device 4 is for returning the supply of the AC voltage Vac to the high voltage generator 5 after the control circuit 8 stops supplying the AC voltage Vac to the high voltage generator 5 of the spray gun 2.
- a reset switch 8a is provided. The power supply to the spray gun 2 after the supply of the AC voltage Vac is temporarily stopped is not restored unless the user consciously operates the reset switch 8a. Accordingly, the supply of the AC voltage Vac to the high voltage generator 5 is not automatically restored while the ground ring 7 is uncertainly attached, and the safety of the painting work can be further improved. .
- the earth ring 7 is provided with a pair of connection terminals 61 having conductivity.
- the gun body 21 is provided with a pair of socket parts 74 connected to both ends of the open circuit part 3c of the power supply line 3a held at the ground potential.
- the mounting of the earth ring 7 to the gun body 21 is performed by fitting the connection terminal 61 and the socket portion 74 together.
- Such a configuration is simple, and the earth ring 7 can be configured to be detachable without complicating the structure.
- the connection terminal 61 has a pressure contact portion 61 c that is in pressure contact with the inner surface of the socket portion 74. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent the attached earth ring 7 from being detached while making the earth ring 7 removable.
- the present embodiment is different from the first power transmission cable (power supply).
- the AC voltage Vac is transmitted to the spray gun 2 via a line).
- the output of the DC power supply 9 of the AC power supply device 4 is connected to the positive side with respect to the ground potential by the switching element 10, and is set to the ground potential by the switching element 11. It is connected to the negative side.
- the switching elements 10 and 11 are alternately turned on / off according to the pulse width of the drive signal output from the control circuit 8, whereby the low voltage AC voltage Vac corresponding to the output voltage of the DC power supply 9 (in this case) , AC24V / 20kHz) occurs.
- This AC voltage Vac is supplied to the high voltage generator 5 of the spray gun 2 via a power line 92 (corresponding to an AC voltage supply line) instead of the power line 3 shown in the first embodiment.
- the power supply line 92 includes three power supply lines 92a, 92b, and 92c for supplying the AC voltage Vac to the high voltage generator 5 of the spray gun 2.
- the power supply line 92a (corresponding to the ground-side supply line) replaces the power supply line 3a described above, and is grounded via the ground line 93 on the AC power supply device 4 side so that it is held at the ground potential. It has become.
- the power supply lines 92b and 92c replace the power supply line 3b described above, and the potential varies with respect to the power supply line 92a.
- An open circuit portion 92d is formed in a part of the power line 92a (in this case, a part of the power line 92a disposed in the spray gun 2).
- a pair of power feeding / grounding paths 71, 71 are connected to the open circuit portion 92d.
- the current coil 13 is provided on the power supply line 92a held at the ground potential.
- the control circuit 8 generates a high voltage via the power supply line 92 (power supply lines 92a, 92b, 92c) based on the current detected by the current coil 13 in the same manner as that shown in the first embodiment.
- the supply of the AC voltage Vac to the device 5 is controlled. That is, the control circuit 8 determines that when the detected current decreases when the AC voltage Vac is supplied to the high voltage generator 5, that is, when the mounting of the earth ring 7 to the gun body 21 is uncertain.
- the supply of the AC voltage Vac to the high voltage generator 5 is stopped.
- the control circuit 8 also stops supplying the AC voltage Vac to the high voltage generator 5 even when no current is detected, that is, when the earth ring 7 is completely disconnected from the gun body 21.
- the high voltage generator 5 when the attachment of the ground ring 7 to the gun body 21 is uncertain or when the ground ring 7 is detached from the gun body 21, the high voltage generator 5 is not connected. The supply of AC voltage Vac is immediately stopped. As a result, even if the earth ring 7 is configured to be detachable from the gun body 21 of the spray gun 2, it is possible to reliably prevent the earth ring 7 from being charged during the painting operation and to improve the safety of the painting operation. be able to.
- the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and can be modified or expanded as follows.
- the AC power supply device 4 may be provided inside the spray gun 2 instead of being provided outside the spray gun 2.
- the control circuit 8 may detect the voltage of the power supply line 3 or the power supply line 92 by the current coil 13. In this case, the control circuit 8 controls the supply of the AC voltage Vac to the high voltage generator 5 via the power supply line 3 or the power supply line 92 based on the voltage detected by the current coil 13.
- control circuit 8 determines that the detection voltage decreases when the AC voltage is supplied to the high voltage generator 5 (when it is uncertain that the ground ring 7 is attached to the gun body 21), or the voltage is When it is not detected (when the earth ring 7 is completely detached from the gun body 21), the supply of the AC voltage to the high voltage generator 5 is stopped.
- the AC voltage supply line is not limited to the power supply line 3 or the power supply line 92 described above, and may be constituted by a simple electric wire (not related to power supply).
- the interval (predetermined time) at which the control circuit 8 detects the current flowing through the power supply line 3 or the power supply line 92 is preferably set to about several milliseconds.
- the interval (predetermined time) at which the control circuit 8 detects the voltage of the power supply line 3 or the power supply line 92 is preferably set to several milliseconds. If the detection interval is set to about several milliseconds, the AC voltage Vac does not rise significantly during that time.
- connection terminal 61 (earth ring 7) and the socket part 74 (gun body 21)
- the detection interval is set to several hundred milliseconds (for example, 100 milliseconds)
- the AC voltage Vac greatly increases during that time. Therefore, when the contact between the connection terminal 61 and the socket part 74 is uncertain, a spark is likely to occur between the connection terminal 61 and the socket part 74.
- the earth ring 7 is not limited to a conductive member having a semicircular cross section only at the front end, and can be implemented by changing its shape as appropriate.
- it may be constituted by an annular conductive member having a circular cross section, or may be constituted by an annular conductive member having a rectangular cross section.
- the earth ring 7 is not limited to the annular conductive member, and may be constituted by, for example, an elliptical conductive member.
- the grounding body is not limited to a ring shape, and for example, a spherical shape may be used.
- the connecting portion is not limited to the pair of connecting terminals 61, and may be constituted by, for example, a single terminal in which only the tip portion is divided into two forks.
- the ground body may be configured to be directly connected to the ground-side supply line without providing a connection portion. In short, it may be configured to close the open circuit portion of the ground-side supply line held at the ground potential in a state where the ground body is mounted on the gun body 21.
- the connected part is not limited to the pair of socket parts 74.
- the connecting portion may be constituted by a single pin-shaped member, and the connected portion may be provided so as to contact two locations of the pin-shaped member.
- the paint tube 46 for example, a spirally extending one or a linearly extending one can be used as appropriate depending on the type of paint used.
- the paint that can be used in the present invention is not limited to the solvent-based paint described above, and for example, a metallic paint can also be used.
- the present invention can also be applied to, for example, an electrostatic coating system including an electrostatic coating spray gun having a configuration that does not eject pattern air. In short, the present invention can be applied to an electrostatic coating system provided with a general spray gun for electrostatic coating configured to apply a charged paint to an object to be coated.
- 1 is an electrostatic coating system
- 2 is a spray gun for electrostatic coating
- 3 is a power line (AC voltage supply line)
- 3a is a power line (ground side supply line)
- 3c is an open circuit part
- 4 is an AC power supply device
- 6 is a pin electrode (electrode)
- 7 is an earth ring (ground body)
- 8 is a control circuit (control means)
- 8a is a reset switch (return means)
- 13 is a current.
- Coil (detection means) 21 is a gun body, 61 is a connection terminal (connection part, terminal), 61c is a pressure contact part, 74 is a socket part (connected part), 91 is an electrostatic coating system, 92 is a power line (AC) (Voltage supply line), 92a is a power supply line (ground side supply line), and 92d is an open circuit part.
- AC Voltage supply line
- 92a is a power supply line (ground side supply line)
- 92d is an open circuit part.
Landscapes
- Electrostatic Spraying Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
Description
このような静電塗装用の塗装装置として、例えば特許文献1に記載の静電塗装用スプレーガンは、ガン本体の塗料流路内に電極を有している。そして、この電極に高電圧を供給することによって、電極と被塗物との間に高電圧を印加するとともに塗料粒子を帯電させる。
このような事情から、静電塗装用スプレーガンは、その構成上、一般的に大型化,重量化する傾向にある。従って、静電塗装用スプレーガンにおいては、さらなる小型化,軽量化を図ることが望まれている。
このような構成の静電塗装用スプレーガンによれば、電極とアース体との間に形成される電界によって塗料粒子の帯電効率が促進され、これにより、塗料の塗着効率の向上を図ることができる。従って、高電圧発生装置が発生する電圧を低下させたとしても、従来と同程度に塗料を帯電(静電化)させることができる。
そして、このように高電圧発生装置が発生する電圧を低下させることができるので、接地された導電性のアース体を、高電圧が供給される電極の近傍に支障なく配置することができ、アース体と電極との距離を短くすることができる。また、アース体を電極の近傍にて当該電極と間隔を有して配置した構造はコンパクトであり、静電塗装用スプレーガンの小型化、軽量化を図ることができる。
一方、交流電源装置の制御手段は、静電塗装用スプレーガンの高電圧発生手段に交流電圧を供給しているときに検出電流または検出電圧が減少した場合、即ち、アース体のガン本体への装着が不確実な場合には、高電圧発生手段への交流電圧の供給を停止する。また、交流電源装置の制御手段は、電流または電圧が検出されない場合、即ち、アース体がガン本体から外れた場合には、高電圧発生手段への交流電圧の供給を停止する。
このように、アース体を着脱可能に構成したとしても、当該アース体のガン本体への装着が不確実な場合や、当該アース体がガン本体から外れた場合には、高電圧発生手段への交流電圧の供給が停止される。これにより、塗装作業中にアース体が帯電してしまうことを確実に防止でき、塗装作業の安全性を向上することができる。
以下、本発明の第1の実施形態について、図1ないし図10を参照しながら説明する。
図1は、本実施形態に係る静電塗装システム1の電気的構成を概略的に示すブロック図である。静電塗装システム1は、帯電させた塗料を噴霧して被塗物に塗着させる静電塗装用スプレーガン2(以下、スプレーガン2と称する)と、このスプレーガン2に電源線3(交流電圧供給線に相当)を介して交流電圧Vacを供給する交流電源装置4とを備えて構成されている。
スプレーガン2は、高電圧発生装置5(高電圧発生手段に相当)と、ピン電極6と、アースリング7(アース体に相当)とを備えて構成されている。
高電圧発生装置5は、高電圧発生回路を構成する昇圧トランス5aと、高圧整流回路5b(例えばコッククロフト-ウォルトン型の倍電圧整流回路)と、出力抵抗5cとを一体にモールドしたカスケード型の高電圧発生装置である。この高電圧発生装置5は、交流電源装置4から供給された交流電圧Vacに基づいて直流高電圧Vdcを発生するものである。ピン電極6は、後述する構成により、高電圧発生装置5が発生した直流高電圧Vdcが印加されるようになっており、スプレーガン2から噴霧する塗料を帯電させるものである。アースリング7は、例えばステンレス製であり、導電性を有している。このアースリング7は、後述する構成により、スプレーガン2のガン本体21(図2,図3参照)に着脱可能とされ、その装着状態においてピン電極6に対して離間した状態で配設される。そして、このアースリング7は、後述する構成により、高電圧発生装置5が印加されるピン電極6との間に電界を生成する。以上は、スプレーガン2の概略的な構成を説明した。このスプレーガン2の詳細な構成については後述する。
交流電源装置4は、交流電圧Vacを発生するものであり、制御回路8(制御手段に相当)と、直流電源9(この場合、DC20V)と、2つのスイッチング素子10,11と、出力トランス12と、カレントコイル13(検出手段に相当)と、安全回路14とを備えて構成されている。
直流電源9の出力は、出力トランス12の1次側において、スイッチング素子10,11を介して電源グランドに接続されている。具体的には、直流電源9の出力端子は、出力トランス12とスイッチング素子10とによって接地電位に対して正側になるように、また、出力トランス12とスイッチング素子11とによって接地電位に対して負側になるように接続されている。
スイッチング素子10,11は、制御回路8から出力される駆動信号に連動してその通電状態(オン/オフ状態)が変化し、直流電源9の出力を正側、或いは、負側に切り換える。駆動信号は、スイッチング素子10,11のオン状態が互いに重なることがないタイミングで出力される。この駆動信号のパルス幅に応じてスイッチング素子10,11が交互にオン/オフを繰り返すことにより、出力トランス12の2次側に、直流電源9の出力電圧に応じた低電圧の交流電圧Vac(この場合、AC24V/20kHz)が発生する。この交流電圧Vacは、電源線3を介して、スプレーガン2内の高電圧発生装置5に供給される。
カレントコイル13は、接地電位に保持されない電源線3bに設けられている。制御回路8は、このカレントコイル13によって、電源線3を介して流れる電流(電源線3bを流れる電流)を検出する。制御回路8は、カレントコイル13による検出電流に基づいて、電源線3(電源線3a,3b)を介した高電圧発生装置5への交流電圧Vacの供給を制御するようになっている。この制御回路8による制御内容については後述する。
図2に示すように、スプレーガン2は、ガン本体21と、このガン本体21の後端部(図2では右端部)に設けたグリップ22とから構成されている。ガン本体21は、例えば電気的絶縁性を有するポリアセタール樹脂やフッ素樹脂などの合成樹脂材料(非導電性材料)からなり、スプレーガン2の銃身部分(バレル部分)を構成する。このガン本体21とグリップ22との間に形成される空間内には、上記した高電圧発生装置5(高電圧発生手段に相当)が内蔵されている。
連結部材29は、ねじ31によってグリップ22の下端部に固定されている。連結部材29およびねじ31は、何れも導電性材料から構成されている。また、連結部材29には、電源コネクタ27のアース線にリード線27aを介して接続されたねじ32が螺挿されている。これにより、塗料ホース用ジョイント30と電源コネクタ27のアース線とが連結部材29を介して電気的に接続されている。
図4に示すように、アースリング7は、塗料吐出口44を中心とする円環状の導電性部材として配置されている。また、図5に示すように、アースリング7の前端部は、断面ほぼ半円状に形成され、アースリング7の後端部は、断面ほぼ矩形状に形成されている。
アースリング7の上部後面には、後方(図5では右方)に突出する一対の接続端子61(接続部に相当)が固定されている。この接続端子61も、アースリング7と同様にステンレス製であり、導電性を有している。接続端子61は、アースリング7に固定された基端部材61aと、この基端部材61aにねじ込まれた先端部材61bとから構成されている。先端部材61bは、その周囲部に、当該先端部材61bの軸方向(図5では左右方向)に延び当該先端部材61bの径方向に突出する複数の圧接部61cを有している。つまり、先端部材61bは、いわゆるバナナプラグ形状となっている。
給電兼接地経路71は、金属製(例えば、アルミ製)の一対のシャフト72,72、金属製(例えば、ステンレス製)の一対のスプリング73,73、金属製(例えば、ステンレス製)の一対のソケット部74,74(接続部に相当)とから構成されている。
スプリング73は、それぞれ、その後端部がシャフト72の前端部に嵌合した状態で、ガン本体21の上部の内部に収容されている。従って、これらスプリング73も、ガン本体21の前後方向に沿って若干前下がりに傾斜(若干後上がりに傾斜)した状態で、当該ガン本体21の上部の内部に埋め込まれている。
図6に示すように、電源コネクタ27は、上記したリード線27aに加え、給電用電線27b、電流検知用電線27c、接地用電線27dを有した構成となっている。給電用電線27bは、電源線3b(図1参照)の一部(スプレーガン2内に配設された部分)を構成するものであり、図7Bに示すように、高電圧発生装置5の後面に設けられた給電用端子5eに接続される。電流検知用電線27cは、電流検出用ケーブル16(図1参照)の一部(スプレーガン2内に配設された部分)を構成するものであり、図7Bに示すように、高電圧発生装置5の後面に設けられた電流検出用端子5fに接続される。接地用電線27dは、電源線3a(図1参照)の一部(スプレーガン2内に配設された部分であって、開路部3cよりも交流電源装置4側の部分)を構成するものであり、図7Aに示すように、一方の給電兼接地経路71(シャフト72)の基端部に、ねじ75を介して接続されている。他方の給電兼接地経路71(シャフト72)の基端部には、アース線81が、ねじ75を介して接続されている。このアース線81は、電源線3a(図1参照)の一部(スプレーガン2内に配設された部分であって、開路部3cよりも高電圧発生装置5側の部分)を構成するものであり、高電圧発生装置5の上部に設けられた切欠き部5g(図7B参照)を通して、当該高電圧発生装置5の後面に設けられた接地用端子5hに接続されている。ここで、一方の給電兼接地経路71の基端部と接地用電線27dとの接続点3d(図1参照)と、他方の給電兼接地経路71の基端部とアース線81との接続点3e(図1参照)とから、電源線3aの開路部3cが形成されている。そして、給電兼接地経路71の先端部を構成する一対のソケット部74は、電源線3aの開路部3cの両端に接続された構成となっている。
塗料粒子は、主として、このパターンエアによって被塗物の近傍まで搬送される。そして、帯電した塗料粒子が被塗物に近づくと、静電誘導によって、接地された被塗物の表面に塗料粒子の電荷とは反対極性の電荷が誘起される。これにより、塗料粒子と被塗物との間に静電気力が働き、塗料粒子は被塗物に向かう吸引力を受ける。つまり、この吸引力とパターンエアによる吹き付け力との双方の力によって、塗料粒子は、被塗物の表面に塗着される。なお、静電気力による吸引力が働くため、塗料粒子は、スプレーガン2に面していない被塗物の裏側にも回り込み塗着される。以上のような作用により、被塗物に静電塗装が行なわれる。
このような構成において、高電圧発生装置5が発生した直流高電圧Vdcがピン電極6に印加されると、ピン電極6とアースリング7との間に電界が形成される。そして、このようにピン電極6とアースリング7との間に形成される電界によって、塗料粒子の帯電が促進される。これにより、塗料の塗着効率が向上する。
この図10から明らかなように、本実施形態のスプレーガン2(実線A参照)によれば、従来構成のスプレーガン(実線B参照)と同等の塗着効率を、より低いガン先電圧にて得ることができる。即ち、例えば、従来構成のスプレーガン(実線B)の点b(この場合、ガン先電圧は約60kV)と同等の塗着効率を、本実施形態のスプレーガン2(実線A)では点a(この場合、ガン先電圧は30kV)で得ることができる。
なお、本発明者の実験により、円環状のアースリング7の径が小さいほど、塗料粒子の帯電効率、ひいては、塗料の塗着効率が向上する傾向にあることが確認された。
スプレーガン2のアースリング7は、ガン本体21に着脱可能に構成され、ガン本体21に装着された状態で、接地が施された電源線3aの開路部3cを閉路する。従って、アースリング7のガン本体21への装着が不確実な状態、即ち、接続端子61とソケット部74との接触が不確実な状態では、電源線3(電源線3a,3b)を介して流れる電流が減少する。また、アースリング7がガン本体21から完全に外れた状態、即ち、接続端子61とソケット部74とが接触していない状態では、電源線3(電源線3a,3b)に電流が流れない。
そして、制御回路8は、スプレーガン2の高電圧発生装置5に交流電圧Vacを供給しているときに検出電流(カレントコイル13によって検出される電源線3bを流れる電流)が減少した場合、即ち、アースリング7のガン本体21への装着が不確実な場合には、高電圧発生装置5への交流電圧Vacの供給を直ちに停止するようになっている。なお、検出電流が減少したか否かの判断は、種々の方法を採用することができる。例えば、検出電流を所定の閾値と比較することに基づいて行ってもよいし、検出電流の減少割合(所定時間における減少量)に基づいて行ってもよいし、検出電流の減少速度に基づいて行ってもよい。
そして、制御回路8がスプレーガン2の高電圧発生装置5への交流電圧Vacの供給を停止したことに応じて、使用者は、アースリング7の装着状態を確認し、アースリング7を装着し直すことができる。その後、使用者によって制御回路8のリセットスイッチ8a(図1参照、復帰手段に相当)が操作されると、制御回路8は、高電圧発生装置5への交流電圧Vacの供給を復帰させる。なお、この復帰後において、検出電流が減少した場合、または、電流が検出されない場合には、制御回路8は、再び高電圧発生装置5への交流電圧Vacの供給動作を直ちに停止するようになっている。
また、接続端子61は、ソケット部74の内面に圧接する圧接部61cを有している。これにより、アースリング7を着脱可能としつつ、装着したアースリング7の抜け止めを実現することができる。
次に、本発明の第2の実施形態について図11を参照して説明する。本実施形態は、2本の送電ケーブル(電源線3a,3b)を介して交流電圧Vacをスプレーガン2に供給(送電)する構成の第1の実施形態と異なり、3本の送電ケーブル(電源線)を介して交流電圧Vacをスプレーガン2に送電する構成のものである。以下、第1の実施形態と異なる点について説明する。
本実施形態の静電塗装システム91では、交流電源装置4の直流電源9の出力は、スイッチング素子10によって接地電位に対して正側になるように接続され、また、スイッチング素子11によって接地電位に対して負側になるように接続されている。そして、制御回路8が出力する駆動信号のパルス幅に応じてスイッチング素子10,11が交互にオン/オフを繰り返すことにより、直流電源9の出力電圧に応じた低電圧の交流電圧Vac(この場合、AC24V/20kHz)が発生する。この交流電圧Vacは、第1の実施形態に示した電源線3に代わる電源線92(交流電圧供給線に相当)を介して、スプレーガン2の高電圧発生装置5に供給される。
本発明は、上述の各実施形態にのみ限定されるものではなく、次のように変形または拡張することができる。
交流電源装置4は、スプレーガン2の外部に設けるのではなく、スプレーガン2の内部に設けるようにしてもよい。
制御回路8は、カレントコイル13によって、電源線3、或いは、電源線92の電圧を検出するようにしてもよい。この場合、制御回路8は、カレントコイル13による検出電圧に基づいて、電源線3、或いは、電源線92を介した高電圧発生装置5への交流電圧Vacの供給を制御する。即ち、制御回路8は、高電圧発生装置5に交流電圧を供給しているときに検出電圧が減少した場合(アースリング7のガン本体21への装着が不確実な場合)、または、電圧が検出されない場合(アースリング7がガン本体21から完全に外れた場合)には、高電圧発生装置5への交流電圧の供給を停止するように構成する。
制御回路8が電源線3,或いは、電源線92を流れる電流を検出する間隔(所定時間)は、数ミリ秒程度に設定することが好ましい。また、制御回路8が電源線3,或いは、電源線92の電圧を検出する間隔(所定時間)は、数ミリ秒程度に設定することが好ましい。検出間隔を数ミリ秒程度に設定すれば、その間に交流電圧Vacが大きく上昇することがない。そのため、接続端子61(アースリング7)とソケット部74(ガン本体21)との接触が不確実な状態であったとしても、これら接続端子61とソケット部74との間に火花が発生し難くなるからである。なお、検出間隔を数百ミリ秒(例えば、100ミリ秒)に設定すると、その間に交流電圧Vacが大きく上昇してしまう。そのため、接続端子61とソケット部74との接触が不確実な状態では、これら接続端子61とソケット部74との間に火花が発生し易くなる。
塗料チューブ46としては、使用する塗料の種類などに応じて、例えばスパイラル状に延びるものや直線状に延びるものなどを適宜使用することができる。
本発明において使用可能な塗料は、上記した溶剤系塗料に限られるものではなく、例えば、メタリック系塗料を使用することもできる。
本発明は、例えば、パターンエアを噴出しない構成の静電塗装用スプレーガンを備えてなる静電塗装システムにも適用することが可能である。要は、帯電させた塗料を被塗物に塗着させる構成の静電塗装用スプレーガン全般を備えた静電塗装システムに適用することができる。
Claims (7)
- 帯電させた塗料を噴霧して被塗物に塗着させる静電塗装用スプレーガンと、交流電圧を発生する交流電源装置とを備えて構成される静電塗装システムにおいて、
前記静電塗装用スプレーガンは、
非導電性材料で構成されたガン本体と、
前記交流電源装置から交流電圧供給線を介して供給された交流電圧に基づいて直流高電圧を発生する高電圧発生手段と、
前記高電圧発生手段が発生した直流高電圧が印加され、噴霧する塗料を帯電させる電極と、
前記ガン本体に着脱可能とされ、その装着状態において前記電極に対して離間した状態で配設され、前記直流高電圧が印加される前記電極との間に電界を生成する導電性を有するアース体と、
を備え、
前記交流電源装置は、
前記交流電圧供給線を介して流れる電流または前記交流電圧供給線の電圧を検出する検出手段と、
前記検出電流または前記検出電圧に基づいて、前記交流電圧供給線を介した前記高電圧発生手段への交流電圧の供給を制御する制御手段と、
を備え、
前記交流電圧供給線のうち接地が施された接地側供給線の一部には開路部が形成され、
前記アース体は、前記ガン本体に装着された状態で、前記開路部を閉路するように構成され、
前記制御手段は、前記高電圧発生手段に交流電圧を供給しているときに前記検出電流または前記検出電圧が減少した場合、または、前記電流または前記電圧が検出されない場合には、前記高電圧発生手段への交流電圧の供給を停止するように構成されていることを特徴とする静電塗装システム。 - 前記交流電源装置は、
前記制御手段が前記高電圧発生手段への交流電圧の供給を停止した後に、前記高電圧発生手段への交流電圧の供給を復帰させるための復帰手段を備えていることを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項記載の静電塗装システム。 - 前記静電塗装用スプレーガンにおいて、
前記アース体には、導電性を有する接続部が設けられ、
前記ガン本体には、前記接地側供給線の前記開路部の両端に接続された被接続部が設けられ、
前記アース体の前記ガン本体への装着は、前記接続部と前記被接続部との嵌合によって行われるように構成されていることを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項または第2項記載の静電塗装システム。 - 前記静電塗装用スプレーガンにおいて、
前記アース体には、前記接続部として一対の端子が設けられ、
前記ガン本体には、前記被接続部として前記接地側供給線の前記開路部の両端に接続された一対のソケット部が設けられていることを特徴とする請求の範囲第3項記載の静電塗装システム。 - 前記端子は、前記ソケット部内にて当該ソケット部の内面に圧接する圧接部を有していることを特徴とする請求の範囲第4項記載の静電塗装システム。
- 帯電させた塗料を噴霧して被塗物に塗着させるものであって、交流電圧を発生する交流電源装置とともに静電塗装システムを構成する静電塗装用スプレーガンにおいて、
非導電性材料で構成されたガン本体と、
前記交流電源装置から交流電圧供給線を介して供給された交流電圧に基づいて直流高電圧を発生する高電圧発生手段と、
前記高電圧発生手段が発生した直流高電圧が印加され、噴霧する塗料を帯電させる電極と、
前記ガン本体に着脱可能とされ、その装着状態において前記電極に対して離間した状態で配設され、前記直流高電圧が印加される前記電極との間に電界を生成する導電性を有するアース体と、
を備え、
前記交流電圧供給線のうち接地が施された接地側供給線の一部には開路部が形成され、
前記アース体は、前記ガン本体に装着された状態で、前記開路部を閉路するように構成されていることを特徴とする静電塗装用スプレーガン。 - 交流電圧を発生するものであって、交流電圧供給線を介して供給された交流電圧に基づいて直流高電圧を発生する高電圧発生手段を備えた静電塗装用スプレーガンとともに静電塗装システムを構成する交流電源装置において、
前記交流電圧供給線を介して流れる電流または前記交流電圧供給線の電圧を検出する検出手段と、
前記検出電流または前記検出電圧に基づいて、前記交流電圧供給線を介した前記高電圧発生手段への交流電圧の供給を制御する制御手段と、
を備え、
前記制御手段は、前記高電圧発生手段に交流電圧を供給しているときに前記検出電流または前記検出電圧が減少した場合、または、前記電流または前記電圧が検出されない場合には、前記高電圧発生手段への交流電圧の供給を停止するように構成されていることを特徴とする交流電源装置。
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CN201080046512.1A CN102665923B (zh) | 2009-10-09 | 2010-09-27 | 静电涂装系统及静电涂装喷枪 |
US13/500,780 US9085001B2 (en) | 2009-10-09 | 2010-09-27 | Electrostatic coating system, spray gun for electrostatic coating, and alternating power source unit |
DE112010003980.1T DE112010003980B4 (de) | 2009-10-09 | 2010-09-27 | Elektrostatisches Beschichtungssystem |
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JP2009-235224 | 2009-10-09 | ||
JP2009235224A JP5513061B2 (ja) | 2009-10-09 | 2009-10-09 | 静電塗装システム、および、静電塗装用スプレーガン |
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PCT/JP2010/066689 WO2011043211A1 (ja) | 2009-10-09 | 2010-09-27 | 静電塗装システム、静電塗装用スプレーガン、および、交流電源装置 |
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US (1) | US9085001B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5513061B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN102665923B (ja) |
DE (1) | DE112010003980B4 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2011043211A1 (ja) |
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JP2017177023A (ja) * | 2016-03-30 | 2017-10-05 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 静電塗装のアース状態検査方法 |
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DE102011121915A1 (de) * | 2011-12-22 | 2013-06-27 | Eisenmann Ag | Elektrodenanordnung und elektrostatischer Zerstäuber mit einer solchen |
RU2015115930A (ru) * | 2012-10-01 | 2016-11-27 | Грако Миннесота Инк. | Заземляющие стержни для электростатического распылительного пистолета |
JP5230041B1 (ja) | 2013-01-30 | 2013-07-10 | ランズバーグ・インダストリー株式会社 | 静電塗装機及び静電塗装方法 |
DK3046676T3 (en) * | 2013-09-20 | 2018-10-08 | Spraying Systems Co | ELECTROSTATIC SPRAY NOZZLE DEVICE |
JP6336297B2 (ja) * | 2014-03-04 | 2018-06-06 | 旭サナック株式会社 | 静電塗装装置 |
CA2943337C (en) * | 2014-03-25 | 2018-04-03 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Electrostatic coating device |
US10661288B2 (en) * | 2014-10-27 | 2020-05-26 | Council Of Scientific & Industrial Research | Manually controlled variable coverage high range electrostatic sprayer |
US10239072B2 (en) * | 2015-09-22 | 2019-03-26 | Honda Motor Co. Ltd. | Energy dissipation unit for high voltage charged paint system |
KR101785300B1 (ko) * | 2015-12-23 | 2017-11-15 | 대상 주식회사 | 미생물 균체 고정화 장치 및 이를 이용한 미생물 균체 고정화 방법 |
DE102017003855A1 (de) * | 2017-04-20 | 2018-10-25 | Frank Grundmann | Vorrichtung zur Erhöhung der Stabilität am unteren Erdungsring bei Elektrofiltern |
CN108837960A (zh) * | 2018-06-27 | 2018-11-20 | 杭州福路涂装设备有限公司 | 一种高压无气静电喷枪结构 |
US20220193703A1 (en) * | 2019-04-05 | 2022-06-23 | Graco Minnesota Inc. | Mounting of external charging probe on electrostatic spray gun |
CN113171898A (zh) * | 2021-05-11 | 2021-07-27 | 江苏苏美达五金工具有限公司 | 一种手持式静电雾化器 |
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- 2010-09-27 DE DE112010003980.1T patent/DE112010003980B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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DE112010003980B4 (de) | 2020-11-19 |
CN102665923B (zh) | 2015-07-22 |
DE112010003980T5 (de) | 2013-01-10 |
JP2011078944A (ja) | 2011-04-21 |
US20120240851A1 (en) | 2012-09-27 |
JP5513061B2 (ja) | 2014-06-04 |
CN102665923A (zh) | 2012-09-12 |
US9085001B2 (en) | 2015-07-21 |
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