WO2011043088A1 - 蛍光ランプ及び画像表示装置 - Google Patents
蛍光ランプ及び画像表示装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011043088A1 WO2011043088A1 PCT/JP2010/052776 JP2010052776W WO2011043088A1 WO 2011043088 A1 WO2011043088 A1 WO 2011043088A1 JP 2010052776 W JP2010052776 W JP 2010052776W WO 2011043088 A1 WO2011043088 A1 WO 2011043088A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J17/00—Gas-filled discharge tubes with solid cathode
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J17/00—Gas-filled discharge tubes with solid cathode
- H01J17/02—Details
- H01J17/04—Electrodes; Screens
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J11/00—Gas-filled discharge tubes with alternating current induction of the discharge, e.g. alternating current plasma display panels [AC-PDP]; Gas-filled discharge tubes without any main electrode inside the vessel; Gas-filled discharge tubes with at least one main electrode outside the vessel
- H01J11/20—Constructional details
- H01J11/22—Electrodes, e.g. special shape, material or configuration
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J11/00—Gas-filled discharge tubes with alternating current induction of the discharge, e.g. alternating current plasma display panels [AC-PDP]; Gas-filled discharge tubes without any main electrode inside the vessel; Gas-filled discharge tubes with at least one main electrode outside the vessel
- H01J11/20—Constructional details
- H01J11/34—Vessels, containers or parts thereof, e.g. substrates
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J11/00—Gas-filled discharge tubes with alternating current induction of the discharge, e.g. alternating current plasma display panels [AC-PDP]; Gas-filled discharge tubes without any main electrode inside the vessel; Gas-filled discharge tubes with at least one main electrode outside the vessel
- H01J11/20—Constructional details
- H01J11/50—Filling, e.g. selection of gas mixture
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J17/00—Gas-filled discharge tubes with solid cathode
- H01J17/02—Details
- H01J17/04—Electrodes; Screens
- H01J17/06—Cathodes
- H01J17/066—Cold cathodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J17/00—Gas-filled discharge tubes with solid cathode
- H01J17/02—Details
- H01J17/20—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressures or temperatures
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J17/00—Gas-filled discharge tubes with solid cathode
- H01J17/38—Cold-cathode tubes
- H01J17/48—Cold-cathode tubes with more than one cathode or anode, e.g. sequence-discharge tube, counting tube, dekatron
- H01J17/49—Display panels, e.g. with crossed electrodes, e.g. making use of direct current
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
- H01J61/02—Details
- H01J61/12—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature
- H01J61/16—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature having helium, argon, neon, krypton, or xenon as the principle constituent
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J65/00—Lamps without any electrode inside the vessel; Lamps with at least one main electrode outside the vessel
- H01J65/04—Lamps in which a gas filling is excited to luminesce by an external electromagnetic field or by external corpuscular radiation, e.g. for indicating plasma display panels
Definitions
- This application is an invention related to a fluorescent lamp or a display device using fluorescent light emission.
- Straight tube fluorescent lamps are widely used as general lighting, and their luminous efficiency is as high as 100-120lm / W. Recently, however, there is an active movement to demand new lighting that does not use Hg due to environmental regulations such as Europe, for example, RoHS regulations. Typical candidates are LED and OLED lighting, but Xe lamps that do not use mercury are also being reviewed.
- JP 2005-353419 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-150944 JP 2006-004954 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-006565 JP2009-009822A
- Patent Documents 2 to 4 disclose that in order to lower the discharge voltage, an electron source is provided in the tube to emit electrons into the space, thereby lowering the discharge start voltage.
- Patent Document 2 uses a thermionic emission device
- Patent Documents 3 and 4 use an MIS (metal / insulator / semiconductor) stacked electron emission device called BSD (Ballistic electron Surface-emitting Diode).
- Patent Literature 1 and Non-Patent Literature 1 disclose examples in which the discharge itself is examined. In normal gas discharge, Xe atoms are excited, and the emitted ultraviolet light is converted into visible light by a phosphor to provide illumination. However, according to detailed analysis, about 40% of the power is consumed outside this process and lost as heat.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a technique regarding an MIM (metal / insulating film / metal) electron source as an electron source, and Non-Patent Document 1 discloses a technique regarding the above-described BSD electron source.
- MIM metal / insulating film / metal
- Patent Document 1 only gives an outline of the structure, and there is no specific description regarding materials, device structures, manufacturing processes, operating conditions, and performance (luminance / efficiency). That is, the above two patent documents do not disclose means / methods in which the direct excitation type non-discharge phosphor exhibits practical performance, that is, luminance and efficiency.
- the present inventor conducted an experiment of a direct gas excitation type non-discharge gas lamp using an MIM electron source as an electron source, and found a new experimental fact that current luminance efficiency described later is proportional to an electric field.
- this invention while showing this principle, based on this principle, the specific component requirement required in order to exhibit the performance equivalent to or more than the conventional straight tube
- a front substrate and a rear substrate facing each other a container formed by a wall surrounding the front substrate and the rear substrate, an electron source disposed on the front substrate side of the rear substrate and emitting hot electrons, A phosphor that is disposed on the back substrate side of the front substrate and absorbs ultraviolet rays to emit visible light, a rare gas or molecular gas sealed in the container, and installed on the front substrate and the back substrate And recovering hot electrons emitted into the rare gas or molecular gas by applying an anode voltage between the electrodes, and dividing the luminance L of visible light emission by the anode current density.
- the current luminance efficiency is proportional to the value of the anode electric field obtained by dividing the anode voltage by the substrate distance between the front substrate and the rear substrate.
- the image display device using the fluorescent lamp.
- a front substrate and a rear substrate facing each other a container formed by a wall surrounding the front substrate and the rear substrate, an electron source disposed on the front substrate side of the rear substrate and emitting hot electrons, A phosphor that is disposed on the back substrate side of the front substrate and absorbs ultraviolet rays to emit visible light, a rare gas or molecular gas sealed in the container, and installed on the front substrate and the back substrate
- An electrode, and an anode voltage is applied between the electrodes to recover hot electrons released into the rare gas or the molecular gas, the pressure of the gas is 10 kPa or more, and the anode voltage Is also solved by a fluorescent lamp and an image display device using the fluorescent lamp, wherein the substrate interval is 0.4 mm or less.
- FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A ′ in FIG.
- A It is a figure which shows an example of the manufacturing method of the non-discharge gas lamp in Example 1.
- FIG. 5B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A ′ in FIG. (A) It is a figure which shows an example of the manufacturing method of the non-discharge gas lamp in Example 1.
- FIG. FIG. 6B is a sectional view taken along the line A-A ′ in FIG. (A) It is a figure which shows an example of the manufacturing method of the non-discharge gas lamp in Example 1.
- FIG. 7B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A ′ in FIG. (A) It is a figure which shows an example of the manufacturing method of the non-discharge gas lamp in Example 1.
- FIG. 9B is a sectional view taken along the line A-A ′ in FIG.
- FIG. 9B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A ′ in FIG. (A) It is a figure which shows an example of the manufacturing method of the non-discharge gas lamp in Example 1.
- FIG. 10B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A ′ in FIG. (A) It is a figure which shows an example of the manufacturing method of the non-discharge gas lamp in Example 2.
- FIG. 11 (B) is a sectional view taken along the line A-A ′ in FIG. (A) It is a figure which shows an example of the manufacturing method of the non-discharge gas lamp in Example 2.
- FIG. 9B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A ′ in FIG. (A) It is a figure which shows an example of the manufacturing method of the non-discharge gas lamp in Example 1.
- FIG. 10B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A ′ in FIG. (A) It is a figure which shows an example of the
- FIG. 12B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A ′ in FIG. (A) It is a figure which shows an example of the manufacturing method of the non-discharge gas lamp in Example 3.
- FIG. 13B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A ′ in FIG. (A) It is a figure which shows an example of the manufacturing method of the non-discharge gas lamp in Example 3.
- FIG. 14 (B) is a sectional view taken along the line A-A ′ in FIG. (A) It is a figure which shows an example of the manufacturing method of the non-discharge gas lamp in Example 3.
- FIG. FIG. 15 (B) is a sectional view taken along the line A-A ′ in FIG.
- FIG. 17 (A) It is a figure which shows an example of the manufacturing method of the non-discharge gas lamp in Example 3.
- FIG. FIG. 17 (B) is a sectional view taken along the line A-A ′ in FIG. (A) It is a figure which shows an example of the manufacturing method of the non-discharge gas lamp in Example 4.
- FIG. 17 (B) is a sectional view taken along the line A-A ′ in FIG. (A) It is a figure which shows an example of the manufacturing method of the non-discharge gas display apparatus in Example 5.
- FIG. FIG. 18B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A ′ in FIG.
- FIG. 18C is a sectional view taken along the line B-B ′ in FIG.
- FIG. 19B is a sectional view taken along the line A-A ′ in FIG.
- FIG. 19C is a cross-sectional view taken along the line B-B ′ in FIG. (A)
- FIG. 20 (B) is a sectional view taken along the line A-A ′ in FIG.
- FIG. 20C is a sectional view taken along the line B-B ′ in FIG. (A)
- FIG. 20 is a figure which shows an example of the manufacturing method of the non-discharge gas display apparatus in Example 5.
- FIG. FIG. FIG. 19B is a sectional view taken along the line A-A ′ in FIG.
- FIG. 19C is a cross-sectional view taken along the line B-B ′ in FIG. (A)
- FIG. 20 (B) is a sectional view taken along the line A-A ′ in FIG.
- FIG. 20C is a sectional view taken along the line B-B ′ in FIG. (A)
- FIG. 21 (B) is a sectional view taken along the line A-A ′ in FIG.
- FIG. 22C is a sectional view taken along the line B-B ′ in FIG. (A) It is a figure which shows an example of the manufacturing method of the non-discharge gas display apparatus in Example 5.
- FIG. 22B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A ′ in FIG.
- FIG. 22C is a sectional view taken along the line B-B ′ in FIG. (A) It is a figure which shows an example of the manufacturing method of the non-discharge gas display apparatus in Example 5.
- FIG. FIG. 23 (B) is a sectional view taken along the line A-A ′ in FIG. FIG.
- FIG. 24C is a cross-sectional view taken along the line B-B ′ in FIG. (A) It is a figure which shows an example of the manufacturing method of the non-discharge gas display apparatus in Example 5.
- FIG. FIG. 25B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A ′ in FIG.
- FIG. 24C is a sectional view taken along line B-B ′ in FIG. (A) It is a figure which shows an example of the manufacturing method of the non-discharge gas display apparatus in Example 5.
- FIG. FIG. 25B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A ′ in FIG.
- FIG. 25 (C) is a sectional view taken along line B-B ′ in FIG.
- FIG. 26 (B) is a sectional view taken along the line A-A ′ in FIG.
- FIG. 26 (C) is a sectional view taken along the line B-B ′ in FIG. (A)
- FIG. FIG. 27 (B) is a sectional view taken along the line A-A ′ in FIG.
- FIG. It is a figure showing an example of a connection with the drive circuit of the non-discharge gas display apparatus in Example 5.
- FIG. It is a figure which shows an example of the drive waveform of the non-discharge gas display apparatus in Example 5. It is a graph which shows the performance of the brightness
- Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the experimental system.
- a cathode substrate having a MIM electron source inside a vacuum vessel and an anode substrate having a phosphor disposed thereon are opposed to each other at a certain interval.
- the cathode substrate and anode substrate manufacturing method used here will be described in detail in Example 1.
- Xe gas is introduced and maintained at a predetermined pressure.
- a rare gas that emits vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) to ultraviolet (UV) light by excitation is suitable.
- a molecular gas such as N 2 can also be used.
- a gap voltage Va is applied from the DC power source between the upper electrode 15 of the MIM electron source and the anode electrode 21 from the outside of the vacuum vessel. This is because electrons emitted from the MIM electron source into the Xe gas are drawn into the anode electrode and collected.
- a drive pulse having a predetermined voltage Vd, pulse width, and period is also applied between the lower electrode and the upper electrode of the MIM electron source from a DC pulse power source.
- the luminous flux ⁇ of the non-discharge gas lamp is It is expressed as ⁇ is luminance efficiency and P is power consumption.
- Va is a voltage applied to the space between the anode substrate and the cathode substrate
- Ja is a current density flowing therethrough.
- L / Ja is defined as current luminance efficiency in equation (2).
- the internal luminance efficiency at this time is 29.3 mm [lm / W]. Only the power consumed in the gas is considered in the internal luminance efficiency.
- the external luminance efficiency is defined by taking into account the power consumed by the electron source.
- Vd is the voltage applied to the MIM diode
- Jd is the current flowing through the MIM diode
- the anode current Ia increases 10 times by the effect of the d ⁇ 3 term.
- the luminance L and the internal luminance efficiency are improved by a factor of 10 (see “A” column in FIG. 30).
- Patent Document 5 discloses a technique related to improving the performance of the MIM electron source.
- (1) The Nd impurity in the tunnel insulating film is set to a certain level or less
- (2) The film thickness of the tunnel insulating film is changed from 4V to 6V oxidation.
- the Au / Pt / Ir noble metal thin film is made thin.
- anode current density Ja2000 [A / m 2 ] and current utilization efficiency of 10% were realized.
- the anode current density Ja is 5.4 [A / m 2 ]
- the luminance L is 5.3 ⁇ 10 4 [cd / m 2 ]
- the external luminance efficiency is It was found that a high-brightness and high-efficiency light source exceeding the intuitive fluorescent lamp of 183 [lm / W] can be realized.
- the internal luminance efficiency is inversely proportional to the gap interval (substrate interval) d.
- the illumination efficiency is 50 lm / W, which is similar to that of the downlight type LED illumination. That is, practicality is not impaired even if the gap interval is increased to about 4 times.
- the anode voltage of 60 V and the gap of 0.1 mm are used as a standard, the same electric field strength is maintained, and the gap interval and the minimum value of the anode voltage are considered.
- the voltage is 6V.
- interval it is good to set more than the size of the particle size of fluorescent substance.
- glass is laminated to make a container, but if the gap is too narrow, replacement with gas cannot be performed well. From this point of view, it can be said that a gap interval of 0.01 mm or more may be used.
- an inexpensive soda lime glass which is an insulating material is prepared as the cathode substrate 10.
- An alkali diffusion preventing film 11 is provided on the glass surface so that alkali components do not diffuse from the soda glass substrate.
- an insulating film mainly composed of silicon oxide, silicon nitride or the like is preferable.
- an inorganic polysilazane film that can be coated by spin coating was used. After applying this with a spin coater, it is heated in the atmosphere at 250 ° C. and added to the silica film. In addition, heat shrinkage was performed by firing at 550 ° C. in nitrogen.
- the frit glass sealing is performed at the time of manufacturing the lamp at 400 ° C., and the silica film is fired at a temperature higher than that so that the silica film does not shrink any more. This eliminates the stress on the MIM electron source due to heat shrinkage and has the effect of preventing the formation of voids and hillocks in the Al alloy as the constituent material.
- an Al alloy serving as the lower electrode of the MIM electron source is formed by sputtering.
- the Al alloy one or a plurality of metals of Group 3A, Group 4A, or Group 5A in the periodic table, a composition in which heat resistance is enhanced so as to suppress generation of voids and hillocks by heat treatment of frit glass sealing described above.
- An added Al alloy is preferred.
- two types of Al—Nd alloys with different addition amounts were used. First, a 300 nm thick film was formed using an alloy target having an Nd content of 2 atomic%, and then a 200 nm thick film was successively laminated using an 0.6 atomic% alloy target.
- Nd which is an alloy additive
- the mixed Nd forms an electron trap in the energy gap in alumina, which causes a decrease in diode current and a decrease in electron utilization efficiency.
- FED Field Emission Display
- a pair of comb-like lower electrode 16 and upper electrode bus wiring 17 as shown in FIG. 5 are formed by a photolithography process and an etching process.
- the etching solution for example, wet etching using a mixed aqueous solution of phosphoric acid, acetic acid, and nitric acid is preferable.
- a resist pattern is applied to a part of the lower electrode 16, and the surface is locally anodized.
- the conditions for anodizing are a Pt plate on the counter electrode, the composition of the chemical conversion solution is a mixture of an ammonium tartrate aqueous solution and ethylene glycol, an oxidation current of 100 uA / cm 2 and an oxidation voltage of 100 V at room temperature.
- a field insulating film 13 of about 140 nm is formed.
- the upper electrode bus wiring 17 is covered with a resist during this period, and the field insulating film 13 is prevented from growing by being in a floating state.
- the resist pattern used for the local oxidation is peeled off, and the surface of the lower electrode 16 is anodized again to form the tunnel insulating layer 14 to be an electron acceleration layer.
- the conditions for anodizing were a Pt plate for the counter electrode, the composition of the chemical conversion solution was a mixed solution of ammonium tartrate aqueous solution and ethylene glycol, the oxidation current was set at 10 uA / cm 2 at room temperature treatment, and the oxidation voltage was set between 4 and 20 V. .
- the oxide film grows by about 10 nm only in the region covered with the resist in the previous step.
- the field insulating film 13 is formed around the tunnel insulating film 14.
- the upper electrode 15 is formed in a portion that becomes a light emitting region.
- mask film formation using an inline DC type magnetron sputtering apparatus is suitable. Sputtering was performed successively without breaking the vacuum in the order of Ir, Pt, and Au to obtain the upper electrode 15 made of an Au / Pt / Ir laminated film.
- a cathode substrate was completed in which the MIM electron source was formed on the lower electrode 16 side and the low resistance wiring connected to the upper electrode was formed on the upper electrode bus wiring 17 side.
- the manufacturing method of an anode substrate is disclosed.
- the anode substrate 20 requires a transparent insulating material to extract visible light emission to the outside, and glass is generally preferable.
- a transparent conductive oxide film of the anode substrate 20 a tin oxide or ITO film is formed, and an electrode is processed in a region where light emission is performed. For patterning, mask vapor deposition, mask sputtering, or photolithography and etching may be performed.
- a phosphor film is formed in the light emitting region of the anode electrode 21.
- a material that absorbs vacuum ultraviolet light to ultraviolet light and emits visible light is used.
- Zn 2 SiO 2 Mn, which is often used for plasma displays, absorbs 147 nm and 173 nm VUV (vacuum ultraviolet light) from Xe gas and emits green light.
- (Y, Gd) BO 3 : Eu is suitable as a similar red phosphor
- BaMgAl 14 O 23 Eu is suitable for blue.
- the phosphor is not limited to the above, white calcium halophosphate used in fluorescent lamps, red europium activated yttrium oxide, green zinc silicate, cerium / terbium activated magnesium aluminate , Blue calcium tungstate, europium activated strontium chloroabatite, etc., or mixtures thereof may be used.
- the film thickness should be 10 um or more, but if it is too thick, the transmittance of visible light will decrease, so the film thickness is preferably 2 um or more and 10 um or less, here 8.5 um, The visible light transmittance was set to about 25%.
- the cathode substrate 10 and the anode substrate 20 thus manufactured are placed in a vacuum container 50 so as to face each other with a constant distance d, 3 mm here. Electrical wiring is connected to the anode electrode 21, the upper electrode bus wiring 17 and the lower electrode 16, and is taken out of the container.
- the container was once evacuated and Xe gas was introduced at a desired pressure of 10 to 100 kPa.
- a driving signal was given to the anode electrode 21, the upper electrode bus wiring 17 and the lower electrode 12 through the electric wiring to the vacuum vessel 50.
- the upper electrode bus wiring 17 was grounded, the anode voltage Va was applied to the anode electrode 21, and the diode voltage Vd was applied to the lower electrode 12.
- a DC potential of 0 to 800 V was applied as the anode voltage Va, and a bipolar pulse potential was applied as the diode voltage Vd at a constant repetition frequency.
- the currents Ia and Id flowing through the anode electrode 21 and the upper electrode are measured with an ammeter. Further, the obtained visible light emission luminance L was measured with a spectral luminance meter through a quartz glass window 51 provided in the vacuum vessel 50.
- FIG. 2 shows the relationship between the luminance L and the anode electric field Ea when the tunnel insulating film 14 is an anodic oxide film of 10V.
- An anode electric field Ea is obtained by dividing the anode voltage Va by the interval d.
- the Xe pressure is 10 kPa, 30 kPa, 60 kPa.
- the luminance L increases nonlinearly according to the anode electric field Ea.
- the internal luminance efficiency ⁇ int was almost constant except for a pressure of 10 kPa and a low electric field region.
- the discharge phenomenon is less likely to occur at a high pressure. Therefore, in order to avoid discharge and cause the light emission phenomenon of the present invention, at least the Xe pressure should be 10 kPa or more, preferably 30 kPa or more, and desirably 60 kPa or more.
- the upper limit of pressure it has been found from previous studies that the MIM electron source can emit electrons up to near atmospheric pressure. Above atmospheric pressure, vacuum containers and glass containers sealed with low-melting glass are structurally destroyed and cannot be used for experiments. Therefore, for a lamp using a glass container, the upper pressure limit is considered to be atmospheric pressure (105 kPa).
- FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the current luminance efficiency L / Ja and the anode electric field Ea. It can be seen that there is a linear relationship between the two. The current luminance efficiency increases with a high anode electric field, but in accordance with this, discharge is generated as described above unless the pressure is high. This also shows that it is preferable to use a pressure of 30 kPa or more.
- the current luminance efficiency reaches 5000 cd / A at an anode electric field of 2 ⁇ 10 5 [V / m] and is proportional to the electric field.
- a similar experiment was conducted on a cathode substrate having a tunnel insulating film having an anodic oxidation voltage of 4, 6, 8, 15, 20V.
- the emission was confirmed in the 4V product, it did not reach the measurable brightness.
- the oxidation voltage is 6V or more, preferably 10V or more. This is because the electron energy increases as the oxidation voltage increases.
- a method of manufacturing a non-discharge fluorescent lamp is disclosed. First, in order to evacuate the inside of the lamp and introduce gas into the cathode substrate 10 in FIG. In addition, work function reduction processing is performed to improve the electron utilization efficiency to 10%. That is, prior to the formation of the upper electrode 15, the cathode substrate 10 is immersed in an aqueous solution containing an alkali metal oxide salt and dried to adsorb the alkali metal oxide salt on the surface.
- the alkali metal salt a carbonate or hydrogen carbonate that is likely to be thermally decomposed by a subsequent heat treatment of frit sealing to become an alkali metal oxide is preferable.
- an alkali metal having an effect of lowering the work function a larger atomic number is advantageous. From the above viewpoint, an aqueous solution of CsHCO 3 is preferable.
- the upper electrode 15 is formed on the cathode substrate 10 that has been subjected to the work function reduction process, as in the first embodiment. Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 11, a frit seal 30 serving as a container wall is formed on the anode substrate 20 manufactured in the first embodiment.
- the material of the frit seal 30 is low-melting glass, and its main component is PbO for lead-based materials and B-Si, Bi-P, etc. for non-lead-based materials.
- screen printing or a dispenser is suitable.
- the pasted frit seal material is preferably mixed with beads having a fixed diameter in order to control the distance d.
- the anode substrate 20 is baked in the atmosphere at a temperature equal to or higher than the melting point to remove the binder and the organic solvent contained in the paste. It is more preferable for simplifying the process if this process also serves as the firing of the phosphor 22.
- the cathode substrate 10 and the anode substrate 20 manufactured as described above are aligned to face each other and sealed to obtain an integrated glass container.
- the pattern is designed so that the terminal of each electrode (16, 17, 21) is exposed at the edge of the glass.
- the temperature is raised to the melting point or higher of the sealing material in the atmosphere, and then the fusion is performed. Subsequently, the temperature is slightly lowered from the melting point, and the through-hole 23 is evacuated to perform so-called gas out. . After degassing for a predetermined time, the temperature is gradually lowered to room temperature. Finally, Xe gas is introduced at a predetermined pressure, and the exhaust pipe is sealed with glass to complete the lamp.
- the lower work function is completed in the upper electrode 15. That is, CsHCO 3 undergoes thermal decomposition and changes into CsO by atmospheric firing above the melting point, and the subsequent heat treatment in vacuum causes the upper electrode 15 itself to undergo structural change and become a thin film. Cover the Au surface and reduce the work function by about 0.5eV. In addition to the fact that the adsorbed gas disappears due to heating in vacuum, the electron utilization efficiency of the MIM electron source well exceeds 10%.
- the MIM electron source is pulse-driven, but the amount of light emission can be adjusted by changing the height or width of the pulse.
- the panel cannot withstand atmospheric pressure because the vacuum exhaust in the sealing process or the Xe gas to be sealed is reduced pressure ( ⁇ 1 atm), and the interval d becomes uneven. In the worst case, it may cramp and destroy. In order to prevent this, a rib serving as a support may be formed in the light emitting region.
- the rib 31 is formed on the anode electrode 21 as shown in FIG.
- the material of the rib 31 is suitably a low-melting glass similar to the frit seal 30 described above, and preferably has a higher melting point than the frit seal 30.
- photosensitivity may be given in advance and the pattern may be formed by photolithography. However, if there is no photosensitivity, a uniform film is once formed by screen printing or the like, and a mask is applied with a photoresist. It may be scraped off by sandblasting.
- FIG. 14 shows how the phosphor film 22 is formed on the anode substrate 20 provided with the ribs 31.
- the phosphor is arranged so as not to adhere to the upper surface of the rib 31 by screen printing or the like, but this is not the case when color mixing does not become a problem.
- the anode substrate 20 of FIG. 15 manufactured in this way is combined with the cathode substrate 10 by the method of Example 2 to constitute a lamp as shown in FIG.
- the rib 31 is formed along the upper electrode bus wiring 17, and a portion between the ribs (hereinafter referred to as a rib groove) is an independent light emitting region. By introducing such ribs 31, it is possible to increase the size of the lamp while avoiding the influence of atmospheric pressure.
- ribs were introduced into the panel. As described above, the rib and the portion sandwiched between the ribs become independent light emitting regions. Utilizing this fact, it is possible to form different types of phosphors in the respective light emitting regions separately in regions corresponding to the lower electrodes 16 and 16 'as shown in the cross-sectional view of FIG.
- the type of phosphor may be selected according to the intended function. For example, in order to obtain white light emission, phosphors for red, green, and blue may be formed in each rib groove.
- the lower electrode 16 is separated for each rib groove, and this is pulled out and driven independently, thereby performing area lighting or emission color control. It is also possible. By combining with the light control function described in Embodiment 2, it is possible to obtain various display performances for digital signage and the like.
- a non-discharge gas display device can be configured.
- a matrix array in which MIM electron sources are arranged in the XY plane may be configured.
- a method for manufacturing a light emitting cell of a matrix array plate will be disclosed with reference to FIGS.
- (A) is a plan view
- (B) is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA ′ in (A)
- (C) is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB ′ in (A).
- lower electrodes 12 and 12 ′ are formed on cathode substrate 10 made of an insulating material such as glass by the same method as in Example 1, and field insulating film 13 and tunnel insulation in FIG. 19.
- a film 14 is formed.
- silicon nitride SiN (for example, Si 3 N 4 ) is formed by sputtering.
- the connection electrode 41 is made of chromium (Cr) of 100 nm
- the upper electrode bus wiring 42 is made of Al alloy of 2 ⁇ m
- the surface protection layer 43 is made of chromium (Cr).
- Cr of the surface protective layer 43 is left in the portion to be the scanning line.
- a mixed aqueous solution of cerium diammonium nitrate and nitric acid is suitable for etching Cr.
- the line width of the surface protective layer 43 needs to be designed to be narrower than the line width of the upper electrode power supply line 42 manufactured in the next step. This is because the upper electrode bus wiring 42 is made of an Al alloy having a thickness of 2 ⁇ m, so that the same level of side etching due to wet etching cannot be avoided. If this is not taken into consideration, the surface protective layer 43 protrudes from the upper electrode bus wiring 42 onto the ridge.
- the portion of the surface protective layer 43 that protrudes from the ridge has insufficient strength, and easily collapses or peels off during the manufacturing process, resulting in a short circuit failure between scanning lines, and electric field concentration when the anode voltage Va is applied. Induces a fatal discharge.
- the upper electrode bus wiring 42 is processed into a stripe shape in a direction orthogonal to the lower electrode 16.
- a mixed aqueous solution (PAN) of phosphoric acid, acetic acid, and nitric acid is suitable as the etching solution.
- connection electrode 41 protrudes toward the tunnel insulating film 14 side, and on the opposite side, the connection electrode 41 recedes from the upper electrode bus wiring 42 (so that an undercut can be made).
- the photoresist pattern 60 may be disposed on the connection electrode 41 in the former and on the surface protective layer 43 in the latter, and wet etching may be performed.
- the etching solution the above-mentioned mixed aqueous solution of cerium diammonium nitrate and nitric acid is suitable.
- the insulating film 40 serves as an etching stopper that protects the tunnel insulating film 14 from the etching solution.
- a photoresist pattern 60 is formed, and a part of the insulating film 40 is opened by photolithography and dry etching.
- a mixed gas of CF 4 and O 2 is suitable.
- the exposed tunnel insulating film 14 is anodized again to repair the processing damage caused by etching.
- the composition of the chemical conversion solution is a mixed solution of an ammonium tartrate aqueous solution and ethylene glycol, the oxidation current is 10 uA / cm 2 , and the oxidation voltage is 10V.
- the upper electrode 15 is formed to complete the cathode substrate 10 (electron source substrate, cathode substrate).
- the upper electrode 15 is formed using a shadow mask by a sputtering (sputtering) method so as not to form a film on a terminal portion of an electric wiring disposed around the substrate.
- the upper electrode 15 causes poor clothing at the above-described undercut structure and is automatically separated for each upper electrode bus wiring 42. Thereby, contamination and damage to the upper electrode 15 and the tunnel insulating film 14 accompanying photolithography and etching can be avoided.
- the manufactured anode substrate 20 and the completed cathode substrate 10 are sealed with a frit seal in the same manner as in Example 3, evacuated, and filled with Xe gas to complete the display panel.
- the ribs are formed in parallel to the lower electrode 16, that is, in a direction perpendicular to the upper electrode bus wiring 42, and phosphors are formed in the order of red, green, and blue in each rib groove.
- phosphors such as those for CRT in addition to those disclosed in the first embodiment, and these may be appropriately selected and used according to the application and performance.
- FIG. 28 shows a plan view of (3 ⁇ 4) sub-pixels, but in reality, a number of matrices corresponding to the number of display dots are formed.
- a connection diagram to the drive circuit of the display device panel 120 is also shown, and a schematic diagram of the entire electric circuit for driving the display device of the present invention is shown.
- the lower electrode 16 provided on the cathode substrate 10 is connected as a signal line to the signal line driving circuit 100 by the FPC 70, and the upper electrode bus wiring 42 is connected as a scanning line to the scanning line driving circuit 90 by the FPC 70.
- the signal line driving circuit 100 is provided with a signal driving circuit D corresponding to each signal line 16, and the scanning line driving circuit 90 is provided with a scanning driving circuit S corresponding to each scanning line 17. Yes.
- a DC voltage of about 60 V is applied to the anode electrode 21 from the anode voltage generation circuit 80.
- both the scanning lines and the signal lines are driven from one side of the cathode substrate 10, but if necessary, the respective driving circuits are provided on both sides. This does not impede the feasibility of the present invention.
- FIG. 29 shows an example of a generated voltage waveform in each drive circuit.
- a voltage V1 is applied only to S1 of the upper electrode bus wiring 42, and a voltage -V2 is applied to D2 and D3 of the lower electrode 16. Since the voltage (V1 + V2) is applied between the lower electrode 16 and the upper electrode bus wiring 42 at the coordinates (1, 2), (1, 3), set (V1 + V2) to be equal to or higher than the electron emission start voltage. For example, electrons are emitted from these MIM type electron sources into the gas.
- the emitted electrons are finally collected by the voltage generation circuit 80 at the anode electrode 21.
- the coordinates (2, 3) are similarly turned on and electrons are emitted.
- the phosphor on the electron source coordinates emits light.
- a desired image or information can be displayed by changing the scanning signal applied to the upper electrode bus wiring 42. Further, an image with gradation can be displayed by appropriately changing the magnitude of the applied voltage ⁇ V 2 to the lower electrode 16.
- the above display method is generally called a line sequential display method. At time t5, an inversion voltage is applied to release charges accumulated in the tunnel insulating film. That is, ⁇ V3 is applied to all the upper electrode bus wirings 42 and 0 V is simultaneously applied to the lower electrode 16.
- the luminance decreases because the lighting time of each sub-pixel is limited to be shorter than in the case of illumination.
- the display format is horizontal 1920 ⁇ vertical 1080 pixels full HD
- one frame time is 1/60 second in interlaced display
- the selection time of one scanning line is 1/60 ⁇ 1/540, that is, 30.8 It becomes usec.
- the pulse width is almost the same as that in FIG. 30, considering that the repetition frequency is 600 times 600 Hz in FIG. 30, the obtained luminance should be reduced to 1/10.
- it is necessary to limit the area occupied by the phosphor to about 1/3 of the display area in order to prevent a decrease in contrast due to reflection of external light.
- the performance of the non-discharge gas display device according to the present invention is as follows: peak luminance 1780 [cd / m 2 ], average luminance (peak luminance ⁇ 1/4) 445 [cd / m 2 ], white luminance Efficiency is expected to be 51 [lm / W]. These values are higher than those of current LCDs and PDPs, indicating that the non-discharge gas display device of the present invention has very high performance.
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Abstract
Description
(1)トンネル絶縁膜中のNd不純物を一定以下にする
(2)トンネル絶縁膜の膜厚を4Vから6V酸化に変える
が記載されている。本発明ではこれに加え新たに、
(3)トンネル絶縁膜の酸化電圧を8V以上に上げる、
(4)上部電極の表面をCs酸化物で覆う事で仕事関数を下げる
(5)パネルを真空中で加熱することで、Au/Pt/Ir貴金属薄膜の自己薄膜化をおこさせる、
を実施することでアノード電流密度Ja2000[A/m2]、電流利用効率を10%を実現した。以上2点の改善策を考慮すると、図30のD列に記すごとくアノード電流密度Jaが5.4[A/m2]で、輝度Lは5.3×104[cd/m2]、外部輝度効率は183 [lm/W]という直感型蛍光灯を上回る高輝度・高効率光源が実現できることが判明した。
11…アルカリ拡散防止膜
12…下部電極
13…フィールド絶縁膜
14…トンネル絶縁層
15…上部電極
16…下部電極
17,42…上部電極バス配線
20…アノード基板
21…アノード電極
22…蛍光体膜
23…貫通孔
30…フリットシール
31…リブ
40…絶縁膜
41…接続電極
43…表面保護層
50…真空容器
51…石英ガラス窓
60…ホトレジストパターン
70…FPC
80…アノード電圧発生回路
90…走査線駆動回路
100…信号線駆動回路
120…表示装置パネル
Claims (18)
- 対向する前面基板および背面基板と、前記前面基板と前記背面基板を囲む壁が構成する容器と、前記背面基板の前記前面基板側に配置されていてホットエレクトロンを放出する電子源と、前記前面基板の前記背面基板側に配置されていて紫外線を吸収し可視発光を行う蛍光体と、前記容器内に封入されている希ガスもしくは分子性ガスと、前記前面基板と前記背面基板に設置されている電極と、を備え、前記電極の間にアノード電圧が加わることにより前記希ガスもしくは前記分子性ガス中に放出されたホットエレクトロンを回収し、前記可視発光の輝度Lをアノード電流密度で除した電流輝度効率が、前記アノード電圧を前記前面基板と前記背面基板の間の基板間隔で除して得られるアノード電界の値に比例することを特徴とする蛍光ランプ。
- 前記希ガスもしくは前記分子性ガスの圧力が10kPa以上で、かつ前記アノード電圧が240V以下で、かつ前記基板間隔が0.4mm以下であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の蛍光ランプ。
- 前記希ガスもしくは前記分子性ガスの圧力が30kPa以上であることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の蛍光ランプ。
- 前記希ガスもしくは前記分子性ガスの圧力が60kPa以上であることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の蛍光ランプ。
- 対向する前面基板および背面基板と、前記前面基板と前記背面基板を囲む壁が構成する容器と、前記背面基板の前記前面基板側に配置されていてホットエレクトロンを放出する電子源と、前記前面基板の前記背面基板側に配置されていて紫外線を吸収し可視発光を行う蛍光体と、前記容器内に封入されている希ガスもしくは分子性ガスと、前記前面基板と前記背面基板に設置されている電極と、を備え、前記電極の間にアノード電圧が加わることにより前記希ガスもしくは前記分子性ガス中に放出されたホットエレクトロンを回収し、前記ガスの圧力が10kPa以上で、かつ前記アノード電圧が240V以下で、かつ前記基板間隔が0.4mm以下であることを特徴とする蛍光ランプ。
- 前記希ガスもしくは前記分子性ガスの圧力が30kPa以上であることを特徴とする請求項5に記載の蛍光ランプ。
- 前記希ガスもしくは前記分子性ガスの圧力が60kPa以上であることを特徴とする請求項5に記載の蛍光ランプ。
- 前記電子源が、下部電極、電子加速層と上部電極をこの順序で積層したMIM型電子源であり、前記MIM型電子源が、前記下部電極が周期律表における3A族,4A族,もしくは5A族の金属を1つまたは複数添加したAl合金で、前記電子加速層が前記Al合金の陽極酸化膜からなるトンネル絶縁膜で、かつ前記上部電極がIr, Pt, Auをこの順序で積層した薄膜であることを特徴とする請求項1乃至7の何れか一項に記載の蛍光ランプ。
- 前記Al合金の表面側において、合金添加材の含有量が1atm%以下で、かつ前記トンネル絶縁膜が6V以上の酸化電圧による陽極酸化膜であり、かつその表面にアルカリ金属酸化物が修飾され電子利用効率が5%を超えることを特徴とする請求項8に記載の蛍光ランプ。
- 前記前面基板の前記背面基板側にリブを設置していることを特徴とする請求項1乃至9の何れか一項に記載の蛍光ランプ。
- 表示装置パネルと、電圧発生回路と、信号線駆動回路とを備え、前記表示装置パネルが、対向する前面基板および背面基板と、前記前面基板と前記背面基板を囲む壁が構成する容器と、前記背面基板の前記前面基板側に配置されていてホットエレクトロンを放出する1次元または2次元に配列した複数の電子源と、前記複数の電子源の各電子源に対応して前記前面基板の前記背面基板側に配置されていて紫外線を吸収し可視発光を行う1次元または2次元に配列した複数の蛍光体と、前記容器内に封入されている希ガスもしくは分子性ガスと、前記前面基板と前記背面基板に設置されている電極と、を備え、前記電極の間にアノード電圧が加わることにより前記希ガスもしくは前記分子性ガス中に放出されたホットエレクトロンを回収し、前記可視発光の輝度Lをアノード電流密度で除した電流輝度効率が、前記アノード電圧を前記前面基板と前記背面基板の間の基板間隔で除して得られるアノード電界の値に比例している蛍光ランプであることを特徴とする画像表示装置。
- 前記希ガスもしくは前記分子性ガスの圧力が10kPa以上で、かつ前記アノード電圧が240V以下で、かつ前記基板間隔が0.4mm以下であることを特徴とする請求項11に記載の画像表示装置。
- 前記希ガスもしくは前記分子性ガスの圧力が30kPa以上であることを特徴とする請求項12に記載の画像表示装置。
- 前記希ガスもしくは前記分子性ガスの圧力が60kPa以上であることを特徴とする請求項12に記載の画像表示装置。
- 表示装置パネルと、電圧発生回路と、信号線駆動回路とを備え、前記表示装置パネルが、対向する前面基板および背面基板と、前記前面基板と前記背面基板を囲む壁が構成する容器と、前記背面基板の前面基板側に配置されていてホットエレクトロンを放出する1次元または2次元に配列した複数の電子源と、前記複数の電子源の各電子源に対応して前記前面基板の前記背面基板側に配置されていて紫外線を吸収し可視発光を行う1次元または2次元に配列した複数の蛍光体と、前記容器内に封入されている希ガスもしくは分子性ガスと、前記前面基板と前記背面基板に設置されている電極と、を備え、前記電極の間にアノード電圧が加わることにより前記希ガスもしくは前記分子性ガス中に放出されたホットエレクトロンを回収し、前記ガスの圧力が10kPa以上でかつ前記アノード電圧が240V以下で、かつ前記基板間隔が0.4mm以下であることを特徴とする画像表示装置。
- 前記複数の電子源が、下部電極、電子加速層と上部電極をこの順序で積層したMIM型電子源であり、前記MIM型電子源が、前記下部電極が周期律表における3A族,4A族,もしくは5A族の金属を1つまたは複数添加したAl合金で、前記電子加速層が前記Al合金の陽極酸化膜からなるトンネル絶縁膜で、かつ前記上部電極がIr, Pt, Auをこの順序で積層した薄膜であることを特徴とする請求項11乃至15の何れか一項に記載の画像表示装置。
- 前記Al合金の表面側において、合金添加材の含有量が1atm%以下で、かつ前記トンネル絶縁膜が6V以上の酸化電圧による陽極酸化膜であり、かつその表面にアルカリ金属酸化物が修飾され電子利用効率が5%を超えることを特徴とする請求項16に記載の画像表示装置。
- 表面保護層と上部電極給電線を備え、前記表面保護層の線幅が前記上部電極給電線の線幅よりも狭いことを特徴とする請求項11乃至17の何れか一項に記載の画像表示装置。
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EP10821761.3A EP2487706A4 (en) | 2009-10-08 | 2010-02-23 | FLUORESCENT LAMP AND IMAGE DISPLAY DEVICE |
CN201080043743.7A CN102714131B (zh) | 2009-10-08 | 2010-02-23 | 荧光灯及图像显示装置 |
US13/500,312 US8803423B2 (en) | 2009-10-08 | 2010-02-23 | Fluorescent lamp and image display apparatus |
JP2011535294A JP5363584B2 (ja) | 2009-10-08 | 2010-02-23 | 蛍光ランプ及び画像表示装置 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP2487706A1 (en) | 2012-08-15 |
US8803423B2 (en) | 2014-08-12 |
CN102714131B (zh) | 2015-12-16 |
JPWO2011043088A1 (ja) | 2013-03-04 |
US20120200613A1 (en) | 2012-08-09 |
CN102714131A (zh) | 2012-10-03 |
JP5363584B2 (ja) | 2013-12-11 |
EP2487706A4 (en) | 2014-01-08 |
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