WO2011037137A1 - 着氷霜抑制性に優れた樹脂組成物、および着氷霜抑制層が形成された積層金属板 - Google Patents
着氷霜抑制性に優れた樹脂組成物、および着氷霜抑制層が形成された積層金属板 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011037137A1 WO2011037137A1 PCT/JP2010/066408 JP2010066408W WO2011037137A1 WO 2011037137 A1 WO2011037137 A1 WO 2011037137A1 JP 2010066408 W JP2010066408 W JP 2010066408W WO 2011037137 A1 WO2011037137 A1 WO 2011037137A1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F19/00—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers
- F28F19/006—Preventing deposits of ice
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F19/00—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers
- F28F19/02—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers by using coatings, e.g. vitreous or enamel coatings
- F28F19/04—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers by using coatings, e.g. vitreous or enamel coatings of rubber; of plastics material; of varnish
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F2245/00—Coatings; Surface treatments
- F28F2245/02—Coatings; Surface treatments hydrophilic
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a fin material used as a part of a heat exchanger or the like used for an air conditioner or the like, and particularly relates to a resin composition for forming an icing frost suppression layer on the surface of the fin material. .
- Air conditioner heat exchangers use metal fins to efficiently exchange heat and to keep the space compact.
- the fins are arranged in parallel at a narrow interval.
- As the fin material an aluminum material is widely used because it is excellent in thermal conductivity, workability, corrosion resistance, and the like. For this reason, when the temperature of the fin material surface is below the dew point of air during the operation of the air conditioner, the condensed water adhering to the fin material surface condenses, and a bridge of condensed water is formed between adjacent fins. It may be occluded. At this time, if the hydrophilicity of the fin material surface is low, the contact angle of water becomes large, so that the attached dew condensation water becomes hemispherical and further deteriorates the closed state of the fin. As a result, problems such as the heat exchange function being hindered and the fact that condensed water scatters outside the air conditioner due to wind pressure are known.
- the surface of the fin material is hydrophilized to reduce the contact angle of the condensed water and make it easy to remove and discharge the condensed water without staying on the fin surface. Has been developed.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a technique in which synthetic silica and a water-based paint are used in combination.
- the coating film obtained using synthetic silica becomes hard, there has been a problem that wear of tools, molds and the like becomes severe during the molding of the fin material.
- the odor presumed to be caused by the unique odor of cement and dust, silica adsorbed on silica, or the scattering of silica fine particles gives discomfort to the human body.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a highly hydrophilic paint using alumina sol instead of silica.
- the odor is reduced as compared with the case where silica is applied, the odor is still observed, and the odor increases when used for a long time, so that it is still insufficient in terms of odor suppression.
- Patent Document 3 in order to prevent condensation water adhering to the surface of the fin material from staying for a long time and inducing a hydration reaction or a corrosion reaction, carboxymethyl cellulose salt and N-methylolacrylamide are the main components.
- a technique using a surface treating agent is disclosed.
- Patent Document 4 discloses that the use of a surface treatment agent mainly composed of polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinyl pyrrolidone is effective for imparting corrosion resistance and hydrophilicity to the fin material.
- Patent Document 5 discloses a surface treatment composition containing a water-soluble carboxyl group-containing polymer salt, an imino group-containing polymer compound, and polyethylene glycol as active ingredients.
- Patent Documents 3 to 5 it is disclosed that an organic film is provided to improve the above-mentioned problem of condensed water. Since these organic films do not use silica or alumina sol, odors are disclosed. There will be no problems such as wear on the mold. However, the hydrophilicity of the organic film is greatly deteriorated with time, and there is a problem that the durability is worse than that of the inorganic film using silica or the like.
- the surface temperature of the heat exchanger becomes below freezing point, so the condensed water adhering to the fin surface becomes frost or ice, and the fins are blocked and the heat exchange efficiency is greatly reduced. Therefore, in order to remove frost and ice attached to the fins, the heating operation of the air conditioner must be stopped and the defrosting operation (thawing operation) must be performed. Since defrosting operation or thawing operation results in energy loss, a technique for reducing icing frost has been proposed.
- Patent Document 9 proposes a technique for improving the water repellency of the fin surface by roughening the surface of the aluminum plate and then forming a hydrated oxide to form a complex uneven structure.
- Patent Document 10 is not related to fins used in heat exchangers, but is a technique for preventing water drops, snow, ice, and the like from adhering to members installed outdoors such as power transmission lines, antennas, and roofs.
- the surface average roughness Ra of the water-repellent coating is 20 ⁇ m or more, and a layer containing photocatalyst particles and an electron-trapping metal is formed as an underlayer of the water-repellent coating.
- Patent Documents 9 and 10 frost formation is prevented by forming irregularities on the surface.
- an external force is applied to the surface film as in, for example, pressing.
- the film is easily damaged and the film may peel off. If the film is damaged or peeled off, icing frost may be promoted.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a fin material for a heat exchanger that can be maintained over a long period of time and is difficult to adhere to frost or ice even when the temperature is lowered.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a raw material for the fin material.
- the fin material is excellent in hydrophilic durability and can exhibit icing frost control. It is providing the laminated metal plate which formed the resin composition and the icing frost suppression layer obtained from this resin composition.
- the present invention includes the following aspects.
- Group B At least one compound selected from the group consisting of a vinyl polymer, a vinylidene polymer, a polyalkyleneimine, a polyamine, a sugar chain polymer, a polyamino acid, and a polypeptide, and A cationic compound containing at least one cationic group selected from the group consisting of an amino group, an imino group, an amidine group, a pyridyl group, an imidazoline group, and a nucleobase.
- Group C At least one compound selected from the group consisting of a vinyl polymer, a vinylidene polymer, a sugar chain polymer, a polyamino acid, a polypeptide, polyethylene glycol, and alginic acid, and A hydrogen bonding compound containing at least one hydrogen bonding group selected from the group consisting of an amide group, an imide group, a hydroxyl group, an ether group, a zwitterionic structure substituent, and a sugar chain.
- a laminated metal plate comprising a metal plate and an icing frost suppression layer obtained from the resin composition according to (1) or (2).
- the laminated metal plate according to (3) further comprising a corrosion-resistant chemical conversion coating layer made of an inorganic oxide or an organic-inorganic composite compound between the icing frost suppression layer and the metal plate.
- a corrosion-resistant chemical conversion coating layer made of an inorganic oxide or an organic-inorganic composite compound between the icing frost suppression layer and the metal plate.
- the said icing frost suppression layer and a metal plate it consists of at least 1 sort (s) of resin chosen from the group which consists of polyester-type resin, polyolefin-type resin, epoxy-type resin, acrylic resin, and urethane-type resin.
- the laminated metal plate according to (3) comprising a corrosion-resistant coating layer.
- the laminated metal plate according to (5) further comprising a corrosion-resistant chemical conversion coating layer made of an inorganic oxide or an organic-inorganic composite compound between the corrosion-resistant coating layer and the metal plate.
- a fin material for a heat exchanger comprising the laminated metal plate according to any one of (3) to (7).
- a heat exchanger comprising the heat exchanger fin material according to (8).
- the resin composition used in the present invention contains an anionic compound and a cationic compound selected from a specific group, the icing frost suppression layer obtained from this resin composition is excellent in hydrophilicity, and this hydrophilic The ability can be exhibited over a long period of time. Moreover, since this resin layer has the effect
- the inventors of the present invention have repeatedly studied in order to combine the hydrophilicity and the anti-icing property with respect to the fin material used as a part such as a heat exchanger. That is, by increasing the hydrophilicity of the fin material surface, the contact angle with the dew condensation water is reduced, so that blockage between the fins due to the dew condensation water can be prevented. However, when the hydrophilicity of the fin material surface is increased, a certain amount of dew condensation water exists on the surface of the fin material, so that when the temperature is lowered, frost and ice are likely to adhere. On the other hand, in order to suppress icing frost, the surface may be made hydrophobic to improve water repellency.
- an icing frost suppression layer obtained from a resin composition containing a specific anionic compound and a cationic compound described later is provided. If formed, it is possible to provide a fin material that has both hydrophilicity and anti-icing property, and this icing and frost-inhibiting layer exhibits hydrophilicity over a long period of time, and therefore it has been found that the durability of the fin material can be improved.
- the present invention has been completed.
- the fin material for a heat exchanger of the present invention is composed of a laminated metal plate in which an icing frost suppression layer obtained from a resin composition described later is formed on the surface of the metal plate, and is the greatest feature of the present invention. Is in this resin composition.
- the resin composition of the present invention contains an anionic compound selected from the following group A and a cationic compound selected from the following group B.
- Group A It is at least one compound selected from the group consisting of vinyl polymers (for example, 1,2-disubstituted vinyl polymers, etc.), vinylidene polymers, sugar chain polymers, polyamino acids, and polypeptides, and carboxyl groups and sulfo groups.
- Group B At least selected from the group consisting of vinyl polymers (eg, 1,2-disubstituted vinyl polymers), vinylidene polymers, polyalkyleneimines (eg, polyethyleneimine), polyamines, sugar chain polymers, polyamino acids, and polypeptides.
- a cationic compound which is a single compound and contains at least one cationic group selected from the group consisting of an amino group, an imino group, an amidine group, a pyridyl group, an imidazoline group, and a nucleobase.
- the icing frost suppression layer obtained from the resin composition containing these compounds has a small contact angle with dew condensation water. Thus, high hydrophilicity is expressed.
- the compound of the said A group and B group forms an ion complex, even if the icing frost suppression layer obtained from the resin composition containing the compound selected from both groups contacts with water, this icing frost The suppression layer becomes difficult to dissolve in water. Therefore, the hydrophilicity of the icing frost suppression layer can be maintained over a long period of time.
- the present inventors have the effect that the ion complex interacts with the water adhering to the icing frost suppression layer and lowers the freezing point of the water. It was clarified that frost hardly adheres to the surface of the ice frost suppression layer, and that icing can be suppressed.
- anionic compounds shown in Group A include polyacrylic acid, polymethacrylic acid, polysulfonic acid, polyvinyl sulfonic acid, poly (2- (meth) acrylamide) -2-methylpropane sulfonic acid, polyitacon Acid, polyfumaric acid, anionic group substitution product to aromatic skeleton of polystyrene, carboxymethylcellulose, poly (meth) acrylate phosphooxyethyl, poly (4-vinylphenylboric acid), poly (N- (4-vinylbenzyl) ) Imino) diacetic acid, hyaluronic acid, chondroitin, poly (D, L-glutamic acid), and a copolymer of monomers constituting these, phosphoric acid-acrylic acid ester copolymer, isobutylene-maleic anhydride copolymer, Vinyl acetate-maleic anhydride copolymer, sugar chain polymer, sugar chain polymer ) Graft polymer
- These compounds can be used alone, as a cross-linked product, or as a mixture or copolymer of two or more selected arbitrarily.
- cationic compound shown in the group B include polyamine, polyallylamine, polyformylethyleneimine, polyalkylenimine (for example, polyethyleneimine), poly (4-vinylpyridine), poly (2-vinyl). Pyridine), poly (4-vinyl-2,2′-bipyridine), polyvinylimidazole, poly (N-vinylamidine), poly (D, L-lysine), poly (D, L-arginine), poly (D, L-histidine), poly (9- (2-methacryloyloxy) ethyl) adenine), poly (1- (2-methacryloyloxyethyl) thymine), vinylpyrrolidone / N, N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate copolymer diethyl Sulfate, chitin, chitosan, substituted cationic group on the aromatic skeleton of polystyrene, or this Such as salt, and the like.
- These compounds can be used alone, as a cross-linked product, or as a mixture or copolymer of two or more selected arbitrarily.
- the use ratio of the anionic compound selected from Group A and the cationic compound selected from Group B is 30/70 to 70/30 in terms of solid content ratio (Group A / Group B). Is preferred. If the usage rate is out of this range, the amount of anionic compound or cationic compound becomes excessive, so that the number of compounds that do not form an ion complex increases and dissolves in water when contacted with water, or the durability of the ion complex May decrease. More preferably, the group A / group B is in the range of 40/60 to 60/40. In addition, when using 2 or more types of anionic compounds chosen from the said A group, based on the total amount, when using 2 or more types of cationic compounds chosen from the said B group, the said solid basis of mass The fraction ratio may be calculated.
- the resin composition used in the present invention preferably further contains a hydrogen bonding compound selected from the following group C.
- Group C At least one compound selected from the group consisting of vinyl polymers (for example, 1,2-disubstituted vinyl polymers, etc.), vinylidene polymers, glycopolymers, polyamino acids, polypeptides, polyethylene glycols, and alginic acid, and A hydrogen bonding compound containing at least one hydrogen bonding group selected from the group consisting of an amide group, an imide group, a hydroxyl group, an ether group, a zwitterionic structure substituent, and a sugar chain.
- C group excludes what shows anionic property and cationic property.
- the compounds listed in Group C are hydrophilic polymer compounds like the compounds listed in Groups A and B, they have the effect of further improving the hydrophilicity of the icing frost suppression layer. Yes.
- the compounds listed in Group C are excellent in film-forming ability, they are obtained from a resin composition having toughness and excellent adhesion by mixing with the compounds listed in Groups A and B. To form an anti-icing layer.
- hydrogen bonding compound shown in the group C examples include polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, amylose, starch, alginic acid, glycogen, pullulan, dextrin, cyclodextrin, inulin, mannan, cellulose and polystyrene.
- Substituted hydrogen bonding group to aromatic skeleton polyacrylamide, poly (N-substituted alkyl (meth) acrylamide), poly (N, N′-dialkylacrylamide), poly (2-hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylamide) , Poly (2-methoxyacrylate), poly (2-methoxyethyl methacrylate), poly (2-hydroxyethyl acrylate), poly (2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate), poly (2-glycosylethyl methacrylate) Poly (2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine) having a zwitterionic structure, poly (o- (meth) acryloyl-D, L-serine), poly (o- (meth) acryloyl-D, L-threonine), poly (o -(Meth) acryloyl-D, L-proline), poly (o- (meth) acryloyl-D, L-tyrosine), poly
- These compounds can be used alone, as a cross-linked product, or as a mixture or copolymer of two or more selected arbitrarily.
- the proportion of the anionic compound selected from the group A, the cationic compound selected from the group B, and the hydrogen bonding compound selected from the group C is a solid content ratio based on the mass (the sum of the group A and the group B / In Group C), the ratio is preferably 100/0 to 60/40. More preferably, the sum of the A group and the B group / C group is in the range of 100/0 to 80/20.
- the ratio is preferably 100/0 to 60/40. More preferably, the sum of the A group and the B group / C group is in the range of 100/0 to 80/20.
- the resin composition used in the present invention contains the above-mentioned compound, but the resin composition has paintability and workability as long as the performance of the icing frost suppression layer obtained from the resin composition is not impaired.
- Various aqueous solvents and paint additives may be added, for example, water-soluble organic solvents, crosslinking agents, surfactants, surface conditioners, wetting and dispersing agents, sedimentation agents, etc. You may mix
- the method for preparing the resin composition is not particularly limited, but since the compounds used in the present invention are highly hydrophilic, an aqueous solution or an aqueous dispersion can be obtained by stirring the compound and water at room temperature or by heating. can get.
- the laminated metal plate in which the icing frost suppression layer obtained from the resin composition is formed on the surface of the metal plate can be used as a material for the heat exchanger fin material.
- the metal plate one that can be generally used as a material for the fin material can be used.
- the most common material is an aluminum plate or an aluminum alloy plate.
- aluminum plates or aluminum alloy plates since the thermal conductivity and workability are excellent, a 1000 series aluminum plate defined by JIS H4000, preferably an aluminum plate with an alloy number of 1200 can be used.
- a metal plate having a thickness of about 0.08 to 0.3 mm it is preferable to use a metal plate having a thickness of about 0.08 to 0.3 mm, for example.
- the icing and frost suppression layer is formed by applying a coating composition having a solute resin composition containing, as an essential component, an anionic compound selected from Group A and a cationic compound selected from Group B on the metal plate surface.
- a coating composition having a solute resin composition containing, as an essential component, an anionic compound selected from Group A and a cationic compound selected from Group B on the metal plate surface.
- it may be formed by applying and drying (for example, 120 to 240 ° C.) using a roll coater or the like. Since this resin composition forms an ion complex, it exerts the action of lowering the freezing point of water, and even if the temperature falls below the freezing point, frost hardly adheres to the surface of the icing frost suppression layer, Can suppress ice.
- the icing frost suppression layer may be formed in a plurality of layers.
- a first resin composition containing an anionic compound selected from Group A is used on the surface of the metal plate, for example, using a roll coater or the like.
- the second resin composition containing a cationic compound selected from Group B is coated and dried using, for example, a roll coater (For example, 120 to 240 ° C.) may be used to form the second layer.
- a roll coater for example, 120 to 240 ° C.
- the second resin composition containing a cationic compound is applied to the surface of the first layer, a part of the first layer is dissolved at the time of application to form an ion complex with the second resin composition. Even if the effect of lowering is exerted and the temperature falls below the freezing point, frost hardly adheres to the surface of the icing frost suppression layer, and icing can be suppressed.
- the laminated metal plate obtained by dividing the icing frost suppression layer into two layers was obtained from a resin composition containing an anionic compound selected from Group A on the surface of the metal plate.
- the 1st icing frost suppression layer and the 2nd icing suppression layer obtained from the resin composition containing the cationic compound chosen from the said B group will be formed in this order.
- the compounds constituting the first layer and the second layer may be reversed.
- a first resin composition containing a cationic compound selected from the group B is applied to the surface of the metal plate using, for example, a roll coater or the like.
- the second resin composition containing an anionic compound selected from the group A is applied and dried using, for example, a roll coater or the like (
- the second layer may be formed at 120 to 240 ° C.
- the laminated metal plate thus obtained is selected from the first icing / frosting suppression layer obtained from the resin composition containing a cationic compound selected from the group B on the surface of the metal plate and the group A.
- the second icing suppression layer obtained from the resin composition containing the anionic compound is formed in this order.
- the first layer and the second layer may each be composed of a plurality of layers.
- the first resin composition a1 containing the anionic compound a1 selected from the group A is used as, for example, a roll coater or the like.
- the first resin composition a2 containing the anionic compound a2 selected from the group A is applied and dried using, for example, a roll coater or the like to form the a1 layer.
- a layer may be formed.
- a plasma treatment-post-graft polymerization method or the like may be applied in addition to the coating method using the roll coater.
- the icing frost suppression layer may be provided on one side of the metal plate or on both sides, and may be determined according to the application.
- a preferable adhesion amount of the icing / frosting suppression layer is 0.2 to 3.0 g / m 2 per one side of the metal plate.
- the adhesion amount is more preferably 0.3 g / m 2 or more, and still more preferably 0.4 g / m 2 or more.
- the adhesion amount exceeds 3.0 g / m 2 , the icing frost suppression layer easily falls off from the metal plate during press forming, or the icing frost suppression layer becomes a heat insulation layer when using the air conditioner. This is not preferable because the exchange efficiency may be deteriorated. More preferably, it is 2.0 g / m ⁇ 2 > or less, More preferably, it is 1.5 g / m ⁇ 2 > or less.
- the first layer adhesion amount is 0.1 to 1.5 g / m 2 per one metal plate surface, and the second layer adhesion amount per one metal plate surface. and 0.1 ⁇ 1.5 g / m 2, the total deposition amount of the first and second layers, it is sufficient to satisfy the range of the metal plate per side 0.2 ⁇ 3.0g / m 2.
- a corrosion resistance improving layer between the icing / frosting suppression layer and the metal plate in order to further improve the corrosion resistance of the metal plate. Since the corrosion resistance of the metal plate is further improved by forming the corrosion resistance improving layer, the durability of the heat exchanger can be enhanced when used as a material for the heat exchanger. Moreover, since the corrosion resistance improving layer is hydrophobic, it is possible to suppress the penetration of water into the icing frost suppression layer and the occurrence of undercoat corrosion.
- a corrosion-resistant chemical conversion coating layer comprising an inorganic oxide or an organic-inorganic composite compound
- a corrosion-resistant coating layer comprising at least one resin selected from the group consisting of polyester-based resins, polyolefin-based resins, epoxy-based resins, acrylic resins, and urethane-based resins; Etc.
- the corrosion-resistant chemical conversion coating layer is an inorganic coating layer and is composed of an inorganic oxide or an organic-inorganic composite compound.
- the corrosion-resistant chemical conversion coating layer may be formed by subjecting a metal plate to a known chemical conversion treatment such as inorganic oxide treatment such as phosphoric acid chromate treatment or coating-type zirconium treatment or treatment using an organic-inorganic composite compound. Good. These treatments are carried out before forming the corrosion-resistant coating layer described later, or before forming the icing frost suppression layer if the corrosion-resistant coating layer is not laminated.
- a known chemical conversion treatment such as inorganic oxide treatment such as phosphoric acid chromate treatment or coating-type zirconium treatment or treatment using an organic-inorganic composite compound. Good.
- the corrosion-resistant coating layer is an organic coating layer, and a known coating resin can be used.
- a known coating resin can be used.
- it is composed of at least one resin selected from the group consisting of polyester resins, polyolefin resins, epoxy resins, acrylic resins, and urethane resins. These resins may be crosslinked with a crosslinking agent.
- a crosslinking agent for example, in the case of a polyester resin, it can be crosslinked with a melamine crosslinking agent capable of crosslinking with a hydroxy group.
- the corrosion-resistant film layer is formed by applying the coating resin to the surface of the metal plate using, for example, a roll coater and drying.
- the above-mentioned corrosion resistance improving layer may be either a corrosion-resistant chemical conversion coating layer or a corrosion-resistant coating layer, or may be formed by stacking two or more layers.
- two or more layers are stacked, two or more different types of corrosion-resistant chemical conversion coating layers may be stacked or two or more different types of corrosion-resistant coating layers may be stacked.
- the icing frost suppression layer is formed after forming the corrosion-resistant chemical conversion coating layer and the corrosion-resistant coating layer in this order on the surface of the metal plate.
- a coating material prepared by dissolving and dispersing the compound or the like in a solvent is prepared in advance, and this is used as a coiled metal plate (for example, What is necessary is just to manufacture by performing a degreasing
- the fin material for a heat exchanger made of the above laminated metal plate can be suitably used as a part of a heat exchanger.
- An air conditioner provided with a heat exchanger using the fin material for heat exchanger is also included in the present invention.
- the aluminum fin material was manufactured under the following conditions, and this performance was evaluated. First, the metal plate, the resin composition for an icing frost suppression layer, and the coating material for a corrosion-resistant film layer used for producing the aluminum fin material will be described.
- An aluminum plate (plate thickness 0.10 mm) made of pure aluminum-based A1200 (JIS H4000) was manufactured by a conventionally known manufacturing method. That is, a pure aluminum ingot was produced, and the ingot was subjected to homogenization heat treatment, followed by hot rolling, followed by annealing treatment, and then cold rolling to produce an aluminum plate. After degreasing both surfaces of the obtained aluminum plate with an alkaline agent (“Surf Cleaner (registered trademark) 360” manufactured by Nippon Paint Co., Ltd.), a phosphoric acid chromate treatment was performed to form a corrosion-resistant chemical conversion coating layer. The adhesion amount of the phosphoric acid chromate film (corrosion resistance chemical conversion film layer) was 10 mg / m 2 in terms of Cr.
- symbol A-8 used a copolymer prepared by the following procedure.
- acrylic acid and 4-vinylphenylboric acid (Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) were charged in a flask at a molar ratio of 95: 5 (pure water was used as a solvent and 2,2′-azobis [N- (2- Carboxyethyl) -2-methylpropionamide] (Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) was added in an amount of 0.01% by mass relative to the mass of the monomer.)
- the inside of the flask was replaced with nitrogen gas while stirring. After sealing, the mixture was heated to 60 ° C. and allowed to react for 48 hours, and then dialyzed for 24 hours using pure water.
- the solution in the dialysis tube made of cellulose was transferred to an eggplant-shaped flask, and the solution was frozen with liquid nitrogen, followed by vacuum drying to prepare a copolymer.
- paints ⁇ to ⁇ Five types of coatings for the corrosion-resistant coating layer (paints ⁇ to ⁇ ) were prepared.
- a water-based polyester resin emulsion (“Vylonal (registered trademark) MD-1200” manufactured by Toyobo) and a melamine-based crosslinking agent (“Sumimar® (registered trademark) M-50W”: manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical), What mixed so that resin: crosslinking agent might be set to 83:17 by mass ratio of solid content was used.
- a water-based polyethylene resin emulsion (“HYTEC S-3121” manufactured by Toho Chemical Industries) was used.
- ADEKA RESIN registered trademark
- EM-0436F water-based acrylic resin emulsion
- a water-based acrylic resin emulsion (“Almatex (registered trademark) E208” manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals) was used.
- a water-based urethane resin emulsion (“Superflex (registered trademark) 150” manufactured by Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku) was used.
- the aluminum plate after the above phosphate chromate treatment so as to have the coating configurations shown in Tables 2 to 4 below.
- the aluminum fin material (laminated metal plate) was manufactured.
- the icing / frosting suppression layer was formed in two layers or formed as one layer (single layer).
- the first layer is a compound (symbol A-1 to A-9) among the compounds for icing frost suppression layer shown in Table 1 as group A.
- the second layer is formed by using a resin composition containing the compounds (symbols B-1 to B-8) shown as the group B among the compounds for the icing frost suppression layer shown in Table 1, or the group B And a resin composition containing the compound shown as (B-2) and the compounds shown as Group C (C-1 to C-4).
- Tables 2 and 3 below show the solid content ratios (mass ratios) of the compounds constituting the first layer and the second layer.
- the icing frost suppression layer is a compound (symbol A-3 or symbol A- 6) and a compound represented by Group B (symbol B-2), each containing at least one compound, and if necessary, a resin composition comprising a compound represented by Group C (symbol C-2).
- Table 4 shows the solid content ratio (mass ratio) of the compounds constituting the icing frost suppression layer.
- Each layer was coated with a bar coater and dried by heating at a maximum temperature of 150 to 200 ° C. using a hot air drying furnace.
- the icing and frost suppression layer was coated with the first layer, then heated and dried in a hot air drying furnace, then coated with the second layer, and again dried in the hot air drying furnace.
- heat drying in a hot air drying oven then apply the icing frost suppression layer, and then dry again with hot air Heat-dried in an oven.
- Tables 2 to 4 below show the adhesion amount of the corrosion-resistant film layer and the adhesion amount of the icing / frosting suppression layer (the total adhesion amount of the first layer and the second layer when formed in two layers). It was.
- the icing frost suppression property of the aluminum fin material is on the surface of an aluminum block (width 25 mm ⁇ length 100 mm ⁇ thickness 20 mm) provided with a through hole ( ⁇ 4.0 mm) serving as a coolant flow path in the length direction.
- the aluminum fin material (width 25 mm ⁇ length 100 mm) was evaluated using a test material attached so that the icing frost suppression layer was on the outside (opposite to the attachment surface). The evaluation procedure is as follows. Note that a thermocouple was attached to the aluminum block so that a change in the block temperature with time could be recorded by a data logger.
- the test material was placed in a constant temperature and humidity chamber and maintained at a temperature of 2 ° C. and a humidity of 85%. After confirming that the temperature and humidity were stable, cooling was started by flowing a -10 ° C coolant through the through-hole provided in the specimen, and the condition of icing frost on the surface of the icing frost suppression layer was checked. While photographing and observing with a video camera, the frost formation temperature when frost adhered to the entire surface of the icing frost suppression layer was measured. Next, the supply of the coolant was stopped and the temperature of the test material was gradually raised, and a video camera was observed to observe how the frost adhering to the surface of the icing frost suppression layer melted. Cooling and thawing were repeated several times, and the average value of frosting temperatures was calculated.
- the aluminum fin material is immersed in flowing water (using pure water, water temperature is 20 ° C., flow rate is 0.1 liter / min) for 8 hours, and then dried at 80 ° C. for 16 hours as one cycle, This was done for 5 cycles. Thereafter, the aluminum fin material is returned to room temperature, about 0.5 ⁇ l of pure water is dropped on the surface, and the contact angle with pure water (contact angle after 5 cycles) is measured using the contact angle measuring device. The hydrophilic durability of the fin material surface was evaluated.
- evaluation criteria are as follows. (Evaluation criteria) A (particularly good): Contact angle is less than 20 ° B (good): Contact angle is 20 ° or more and less than 40 ° C (generally good): Contact angle is 40 ° or more and less than 60 ° D (defect): Contact angle Is over 60 °
- Table 2 to Table 4 can be considered as follows. No. Examples 1 to 30, 34 to 37, and 41 to 46 are examples that satisfy the requirements defined in the present invention, and an icing frost suppression layer comprising an ion complex composed of a specific anionic compound and a cationic compound is provided. Therefore, the freezing point of the water adhering to the surface can be lowered, and icing frost can be suppressed. Since this icing / frosting suppression layer has a small initial contact angle of water, the hydrophilicity of the fin material surface can be improved.
- the contact angle of water can be kept small even after repeating 5 cycles, the hydrophilicity of the fin material surface can be maintained over a long period of time, and the durability of the icing frost suppression layer is excellent. I understand. Moreover, since it is excellent also in press workability, workability is favorable.
- No. Reference numerals 31 to 33 and 38 are reference examples. Of these, No. 31 and no. In No. 32, since the mixing balance between the anionic compound and the cationic compound selected from Group A is slightly poor, the icing frost suppressing effect of the icing frost suppressing layer is slightly inferior. Moreover, the durability of the hydrophilic property of the icing frost suppression layer is also slightly inferior.
- the icing frost suppression layer obtained from the resin composition becomes a heat insulating layer, which inhibits heat exchange Yes.
- No. 39 and No. No. 40 is an example that does not satisfy the requirements defined in the present invention, and since the icing frost suppression layer contains sodium silicate, the icing frost suppression effect is not exhibited. Moreover, press workability is also inferior. Moreover, the odor peculiar to sodium oxalate was generated.
- the resin composition used in the present invention contains an anionic compound and a cationic compound selected from a specific group, the icing frost suppression layer obtained from this resin composition is excellent in hydrophilicity, and this hydrophilic The ability can be exhibited over a long period of time. Moreover, since this resin layer has the effect
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Abstract
Description
(1)下記A群から選ばれるアニオン性化合物と、
下記B群から選ばれるカチオン性化合物を含む着氷霜抑制性に優れた樹脂組成物。
(A群)
ビニルポリマー、ビニリデンポリマー、糖鎖高分子、ポリアミノ酸、およびポリペプチドよりなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種の化合物であり、且つ、
カルボキシル基、スルホ基、リン酸基、およびホウ酸基よりなる群から選ばれるアニオン性基を少なくとも1種含有しているアニオン性化合物。
(B群)
ビニルポリマー、ビニリデンポリマー、ポリアルキレンイミン、ポリアミン、糖鎖高分子、ポリアミノ酸、およびポリペプチドよりなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種の化合物であり、且つ、
アミノ基、イミノ基、アミジン基、ピリジル基、イミダゾリン基、および核酸塩基よりなる群から選ばれるカチオン性基を少なくとも1種含有しているカチオン性化合物。
(2)更に下記C群から選ばれる水素結合性化合物を含有する(1)に記載の樹脂組成物。
(C群)
ビニルポリマー、ビニリデンポリマー、糖鎖高分子、ポリアミノ酸、ポリペプチド、ポリエチレングリコール、およびアルギン酸よりなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種の化合物であり、且つ、
アミド基、イミド基、水酸基、エーテル基、両性イオン構造の置換基、および糖鎖よりなる群から選ばれる水素結合性基を少なくとも1種含有している水素結合性化合物。
(3)金属板と、(1)または(2)に記載の樹脂組成物から得られた着氷霜抑制層とを含む積層金属板。
(4)前記着氷霜抑制層と金属板との間に、無機酸化物または有機-無機複合化合物からなる耐食性化成処理皮膜層を備える(3)に記載の積層金属板。
(5)前記着氷霜抑制層と金属板との間に、ポリエステル系樹脂、ポリオレフィン系樹脂、エポキシ系樹脂、アクリル系樹脂、およびウレタン系樹脂よりなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種の樹脂からなる耐食性皮膜層を備える(3)に記載の積層金属板。
(6)前記耐食性皮膜層と金属板との間に、無機酸化物または有機-無機複合化合物からなる耐食性化成処理皮膜層を備える(5)に記載の積層金属板。
(7)前記金属板が、アルミニウム板またはアルミニウム合金板である(3)~(6)のいずれかに記載の積層金属板。
(8)(3)~(7)のいずれかに記載の積層金属板からなる熱交換器用フィン材。
(9)(8)に記載の熱交換器用フィン材を備える熱交換器。
(10)(9)に記載の熱交換器を備える空調機。
(A群)
ビニルポリマー(例えば、1,2-ジ置換ビニルポリマーなど)、ビニリデンポリマー、糖鎖高分子、ポリアミノ酸、およびポリペプチドよりなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種の化合物であり、且つカルボキシル基、スルホ基、リン酸基、およびホウ酸基よりなる群から選ばれるアニオン性基を少なくとも1種含有しているアニオン性化合物。
(B群)
ビニルポリマー(例えば、1,2-ジ置換ビニルポリマーなど)、ビニリデンポリマー、ポリアルキレンイミン(例えば、ポリエチレンイミンなど)、ポリアミン、糖鎖高分子、ポリアミノ酸、およびポリペプチドよりなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種の化合物であり、且つアミノ基、イミノ基、アミジン基、ピリジル基、イミダゾリン基、および核酸塩基よりなる群から選ばれるカチオン性基を少なくとも1種含有しているカチオン性化合物。
文献:J.Macromol.Sci.A Pure Appl.Chem.,Vol.44,No.1/3 Page.113-118(2007)
なお、上記A群から選ばれるアニオン性化合物を2種以上用いる場合はその合計量、上記B群から選ばれるカチオン性化合物を2種以上用いる場合はその合計量に基づいて、上記質量基準の固形分比を算出すればよい。
(C群)
ビニルポリマー(例えば、1,2-ジ置換ビニルポリマーなど)、ビニリデンポリマー、糖鎖高分子、ポリアミノ酸、ポリペプチド、ポリエチレングリコール、およびアルギン酸よりなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種の化合物であり、且つアミド基、イミド基、水酸基、エーテル基、両性イオン構造の置換基、および糖鎖よりなる群から選ばれる水素結合性基を少なくとも1種含有している水素結合性化合物。なお、C群は、アニオン性およびカチオン性を示すものを除く。
上記着氷霜抑制層の形成方法は、上記ロールコート装置等を用いた塗装法のほか、プラズマ処理-ポストグラフト重合法などを適用しても良い。
(a)無機酸化物または有機-無機複合化合物からなる耐食性化成処理皮膜層や、
(b)ポリエステル系樹脂、ポリオレフィン系樹脂、エポキシ系樹脂、アクリル系樹脂、およびウレタン系樹脂よりなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種の樹脂からなる耐食性皮膜層、
などが挙げられる。
耐食性化成処理皮膜層は、無機系の皮膜層であり、無機酸化物または有機-無機複合化合物で構成されている。
耐食性皮膜層は、有機系の皮膜層であり、公知の塗料用樹脂が使用できる。例えば、ポリエステル系樹脂、ポリオレフィン系樹脂、エポキシ系樹脂、アクリル系樹脂、およびウレタン系樹脂よりなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種の樹脂で構成されている。これらの樹脂は架橋剤によって架橋させてもよい。例えば、ポリエステル系樹脂の場合は、ヒドロキシ基と架橋可能なメラミン系架橋剤で架橋できる。
従来公知の製造方法により、純アルミニウム系のA1200(JIS H4000)からなるアルミニウム板(板厚0.10mm)を製造した。即ち、純アルミニウムの鋳塊を作製し、この鋳塊に均質化熱処理を施した後、熱間圧延し、続いて焼鈍処理した後、冷間圧延してアルミニウム板を製造した。得られたアルミニウム板の両面を、アルカリ性薬剤(日本ペイント社製「サーフクリーナー(登録商標)360」)で脱脂した後、リン酸クロメート処理を行って耐食性化成処理皮膜層を形成した。リン酸クロメート皮膜(耐食性化成処理皮膜層)の付着量は、Cr換算で10mg/m2とした。
下記表1に記載の着氷霜抑制層用化合物を純水で適宜希釈して化合物を完全に溶解するか、均質に分散するまで攪拌して着氷霜抑制層用樹脂組成物を調製した。表1に示したA群、B群、C群は、夫々上記で説明した各分類に対応している。表1に示した「他」とは、上記A群~C群に分類されなかった化合物を示している。
耐食性皮膜層用塗料は5種類(塗料α~ε)調製した。
・塗料αとしては、水系ポリエステル樹脂エマルジョン(「バイロナール(登録商標)MD-1200」:東洋紡績製)と、メラミン系架橋剤(「スミマール(登録商標)M-50W」:住友化学製)を、固形分の質量比で樹脂:架橋剤が83:17となるように混合したものを用いた。
・塗料βとしては、水系ポリエチレン樹脂エマルジョン(「HYTEC S-3121」:東邦化学工業製)を用いた。
・塗料γとしては、水系エポキシ樹脂エマルジョン(「アデカレジン(登録商標)EM-0436F」:アデカ製)を用いた。
・塗料δとしては、水系アクリル樹脂エマルジョン(「アルマテックス(登録商標)E208」:三井化学製)を用いた。
・塗料εとしては、水系ウレタン樹脂エマルジョン(「スーパーフレックス(登録商標)150」:第一工業製薬製)を用いた。
調製した着氷霜抑制層用樹脂組成物と、耐食性皮膜層用塗料α~εを用いて、下記表2~表4に示した皮膜構成となるように、上記リン酸クロメート処理後のアルミニウム板に塗工し、加熱乾燥し、アルミニウム製フィン材(積層金属板)を製造した。着氷霜抑制層は、下記表2~表4に示すように、2層に分けて形成するか、1層(単層)として形成した。
着氷霜抑制層を2層に分けて形成する場合、第1層は、表1に示した着氷霜抑制層用化合物のうち、A群として示した化合物(記号A-1~A-9)を含む樹脂組成物を用いて形成するか、A群として示した化合物(記号A-1)と他として示した化合物(記号D-1)とを含む樹脂組成物を用いて形成した。
第2層は、表1に示した着氷霜抑制層用化合物のうち、B群として示した化合物(記号B-1~B-8)を含む樹脂組成物を用いて形成するか、B群として示した化合物(記号B-2)とC群として示した化合物(記号C-1~C-4)とを含む樹脂組成物を用いて形成した。下記表2、表3に、第1層と第2層を構成する化合物の固形分比(質量比)を示す。
着氷霜抑制層を単層として形成する場合、着氷霜抑制層は、表1に示した着氷霜抑制層用化合物のうち、A群として示した化合物(記号A-3または記号A-6)とB群として示した化合物(記号B-2)とをそれぞれ少なくとも1種含み、必要に応じて、更にC群として示した化合物(記号C-2)を含む樹脂組成物を用いて形成した。下記表4に、着氷霜抑制層を構成する化合物の固形分比(質量比)を示す。
上記で得られたアルミニウム製フィン材の性能を下記のように評価した。評価結果を下記表2~表4に併記した。
アルミニウム製フィン材の着氷霜抑制性は、長さ方向に冷却液の流路となる貫通穴(φ4.0mm)を設けたアルミニウム製ブロック(幅25mm×長さ100mm×厚み20mm)の表面に、上記アルミニウム製フィン材(幅25mm×長さ100mm)を、着氷霜抑制層が外側(取り付け面とは逆側)となるように取り付けた供試材を用いて評価した。評価手順は次の通りである。なお、アルミニウム製ブロックには熱電対を取り付けてあり、データロガーでブロック温度の経時変化を記録できるようにした。
まず、上記供試材を恒温恒湿槽に入れ、温度2℃、湿度85%に保持した。温度と湿度が安定したことを確認した後、供試材に設けられている貫通穴に-10℃の冷却液を流して冷却を開始し、着氷霜抑制層表面における着氷霜の状況をビデオカメラで撮影して観察すると共に、着氷霜抑制層の表面全体に霜が付着したときの着霜温度を測定した。次に、冷却液の供給を止めて供試材を徐々に昇温し、着氷霜抑制層の表面に付着した霜が溶けていく様子をビデオカメラで撮影して観察した。冷却と解凍を複数回繰り返し、着霜温度の平均値を算出した。
(評価基準)
A(特に良好):着霜温度の差が1.5℃以上
B(良好) :着霜温度の差が0.5℃以上、1.5℃未満
C(概ね良好):着霜温度の差が0.1℃以上、0.5℃未満
D(不良) :着霜温度の差が0.1℃未満
アルミニウム製フィン材の表面に約0.5μlの純水を滴下し、接触角測定器(協和界面科学社製:CA-05型)を用いて純水との接触角(初期接触角)を測定してフィン材表面の親水性を評価した。接触角の測定は室温で行った。
(評価基準)
A(特に良好):接触角が20°未満
B(良好) :接触角が20°以上、40°未満
C(概ね良好):接触角が40°以上、60°未満
D(不良) :接触角が60°以上
フィン成形用のプレス成形機で、アルミニウム製フィン材をフィンの形状に成形し、カラーの内面の焼き付きの有無を目視で評価した。評価基準は以下の通りである。なお、プレス成形する際は、アルミニウム製フィン材の間隔を維持するために、フィン材に立ち上がり部分を設けるための銅管を通す穴を開けるが、上記「カラーの内面」とは、フィン材のうち銅管と接する面を指す。
(評価基準)
A(良好) :カラーの内面に焼き付きが全く見られない
B(概ね良好):カラーの内面に軽微な焼き付きが見られる
C(不良) :カラーの内面の全面で焼き付きが見られる
本出願は、2009年9月25日出願の日本特許出願(特願2009-221402)、2010年9月15日出願の日本特許出願(特願2010-207233)に基づくものであり、その内容はここに参照として取り込まれる。
Claims (10)
- 下記A群から選ばれるアニオン性化合物と、
下記B群から選ばれるカチオン性化合物を含む着氷霜抑制性に優れた樹脂組成物。
(A群)
ビニルポリマー、ビニリデンポリマー、糖鎖高分子、ポリアミノ酸、およびポリペプチドよりなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種の化合物であり、且つ、
カルボキシル基、スルホ基、リン酸基、およびホウ酸基よりなる群から選ばれるアニオン性基を少なくとも1種含有しているアニオン性化合物。
(B群)
ビニルポリマー、ビニリデンポリマー、ポリアルキレンイミン、ポリアミン、糖鎖高分子、ポリアミノ酸、およびポリペプチドよりなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種の化合物であり、且つ、
アミノ基、イミノ基、アミジン基、ピリジル基、イミダゾリン基、および核酸塩基よりなる群から選ばれるカチオン性基を少なくとも1種含有しているカチオン性化合物。 - 更に下記C群から選ばれる水素結合性化合物を含有する請求項1に記載の樹脂組成物。
(C群)
ビニルポリマー、ビニリデンポリマー、糖鎖高分子、ポリアミノ酸、ポリペプチド、ポリエチレングリコール、およびアルギン酸よりなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種の化合物であり、且つ、
アミド基、イミド基、水酸基、エーテル基、両性イオン構造の置換基、および糖鎖よりなる群から選ばれる水素結合性基を少なくとも1種含有している水素結合性化合物。 - 金属板と、請求項1に記載の樹脂組成物から得られた着氷霜抑制層とを含む積層金属板。
- 前記着氷霜抑制層と金属板との間に、無機酸化物または有機-無機複合化合物からなる耐食性化成処理皮膜層を備える請求項3に記載の積層金属板。
- 前記着氷霜抑制層と金属板との間に、ポリエステル系樹脂、ポリオレフィン系樹脂、エポキシ系樹脂、アクリル系樹脂、およびウレタン系樹脂よりなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種の樹脂からなる耐食性皮膜層を備える請求項3に記載の積層金属板。
- 前記耐食性皮膜層と金属板との間に、無機酸化物または有機-無機複合化合物からなる耐食性化成処理皮膜層を備える請求項5に記載の積層金属板。
- 前記金属板が、アルミニウム板またはアルミニウム合金板である請求項3に記載の積層金属板。
- 請求項3~7のいずれか一項に記載の積層金属板からなる熱交換器用フィン材。
- 請求項8に記載の熱交換器用フィン材を備える熱交換器。
- 請求項9に記載の熱交換器を備える空調機。
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WO2019151050A1 (ja) * | 2018-02-05 | 2019-08-08 | シャープ株式会社 | 霜成長抑制剤およびそれを用いたフィン材 |
CN115505330A (zh) * | 2021-06-07 | 2022-12-23 | 株式会社神户制钢所 | 铝制翅片材和结冰结霜抑制剂 |
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JP2013113543A (ja) * | 2011-11-30 | 2013-06-10 | Mitsubishi Alum Co Ltd | 熱交換器用フィン材及び熱交換器 |
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WO2017221294A1 (ja) * | 2016-06-20 | 2017-12-28 | 学校法人 関西大学 | コーティング用組成物 |
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EP4058505B1 (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2023-05-24 | Adaptive Surface Technologies, Inc. | Side chain functionalized organosiloxane polymers, coating compositions and ice-phobic coatings thereof |
JP7231124B1 (ja) * | 2022-03-30 | 2023-03-01 | 東洋インキScホールディングス株式会社 | 金属板用接合剤、プリント配線板用補強部材及びその製造方法、並びに、配線板及びその製造方法 |
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CN115505330A (zh) * | 2021-06-07 | 2022-12-23 | 株式会社神户制钢所 | 铝制翅片材和结冰结霜抑制剂 |
CN115505330B (zh) * | 2021-06-07 | 2023-11-14 | 株式会社神户制钢所 | 铝制翅片材和结冰结霜抑制剂 |
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CN102549079A (zh) | 2012-07-04 |
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JP2011089112A (ja) | 2011-05-06 |
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