Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
  • A61K8/81—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • A61K8/8141—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
  • A61K8/8152—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters, e.g. (meth)acrylic acid esters; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
  • A61K8/73—Polysaccharides
  • A61K8/731—Cellulose; Quaternized cellulose derivatives
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
  • A61K8/81—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
  • A61K8/84—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions otherwise than those involving only carbon-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • A61K8/87—Polyurethanes
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
  • A61Q3/00—Manicure or pedicure preparations
  • A61Q3/02—Nail coatings
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
  • C09D4/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, based on organic non-macromolecular compounds having at least one polymerisable carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond ; Coating compositions, based on monomers of macromolecular compounds of groups C09D183/00 - C09D183/16
  • C09D4/06—Organic non-macromolecular compounds having at least one polymerisable carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond in combination with a macromolecular compound other than an unsaturated polymer of groups C09D159/00 - C09D187/00
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
  • A61K2800/80—Process related aspects concerning the preparation of the cosmetic composition or the storage or application thereof
  • A61K2800/81—Preparation or application process involves irradiation
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
  • A61K2800/80—Process related aspects concerning the preparation of the cosmetic composition or the storage or application thereof
  • A61K2800/88—Two- or multipart kits
  • A61K2800/884—Sequential application
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
  • A61K2800/80—Process related aspects concerning the preparation of the cosmetic composition or the storage or application thereof
  • A61K2800/95—Involves in-situ formation or cross-linking of polymers

Definitions

• the present disclosure relates generally to compositions for nail coatings, and particularly, but not by way of limitation, to polymerizable compositions and adhesion-promoting basecoats polymerized therefrom.
• nail polishes also known as lacquers, varnish or enamels and artificial nails; also known as gels or acrylics.
• Nail polishes typically comprise various solid components which are dissolved and/or suspended in non-reactive solvents. Upon application and drying, the solids deposit on the nail surface as a clear, translucent or colored film.
• nail polishes are easily scratched and are easily removable with solvent, usually within one minute and if not removed as described, will chip or peel from the natural nail in one to five days.
• thermoset nail coating Conventional artificial nails are comprised of chemically reactive monomers, and/or oligomers, in combination with reactive or non-reactive polymers to create systems which are typically 100% solids and do not require non-reactive solvents.
• Artificial nails may possess greatly enhanced adhesion, durability, as well as scratch and solvent resistance when compared to nail polishes. However, because of these inherent properties, such thermosets are much harder to remove, should the consumer so desire.
• Removal typically requires soaking in non-reactive solvents for 30-90 minutes (for acrylics and currently available "soakable gels"; it may take more than 90 minutes if ever to remove traditional UV nail gels by solvent) and typically may also require heavily abrading the surface or scrapeing with a wooden or metal probe to assist the removal process.
• thermosets that possesses the enhanced adhesion properties and durability of thermosets, yet also possesses the ease of removal more similar to that of nail polishes.
• the present disclosure forms part of a nail coating system comprising a reactive basecoat adhesion layer (the present disclosure, Application Number 12/555,571, filed on September 8, 2009, currently pending) an intermediate, decorative and reactive color layer (Application Number 12/573,633, filed on October 5, 2009, currently pending), and a protective and reactive topcoat (Application Number 12/573,640, filed on October 5, 2009, currently pending).
• a reactive basecoat adhesion layer the present disclosure, Application Number 12/555,571, filed on September 8, 2009, currently pending
• an intermediate, decorative and reactive color layer Application Number 12/573,633, filed on October 5, 2009, currently pending
• a protective and reactive topcoat Application Number 12/573,640, filed on October 5, 2009, currently pending
• An aspect of the present disclosure provides a nail coating comprising a 3- dimentional (3-D) thermoset lattice interpenetrated by a network comprising an organic solvent-dissolvable resin.
• a 3-D thermoset lattice provides the enhanced adhesion, durability/toughness, of
• an interconnected system of voids and an interpenetrating network of an organic solvent- dissolvable resin provides ease of solvent removability as compared to conventional nail enhancements.
• the present disclosure provides a liquid composition comprising at least one monomer, and/or oligomer, and/or polymer which polymerize to a 3-D thermoset.
• the present disclosure provides a liquid composition comprising at least one organic solvent-dissolvable resin.
• the organic solvent-dissolvable resin forms a network of inclusions within the 3-D thermoset lattice.
• the present disclosure provides a liquid composition comprising at least one polymer which is incorporated within the 3-D lattice and which conveys enhanced adhesion and which facilitates solvent "unzipping" of the polymerized lattice.
• the polymer which conveys both enhanced adhesion and which facilitates solvent removal of the polymer is a polymer co-polymerized from methyl methacrylate (MMA) and methacrylic acid (MAA) to form a polymer composed of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) and polymethacrylic acid (PMAA).
• the monomeric portions of the polymer are present in a ratio of 90 parts PMMA to 10 parts PMAA (90: 10 PMMA/PMAA).
• the MAA monomer fraction may vary from 0 to 100%.
• the present disclosure provides a monomer which confers the "unzipping" property of ease of removal of the polymerized lattice.
• the monomer may be polypropylene glycol-4- monomethacrylate (PPG4 monomethacrylate).
• suitable monomers may include any acrylated or methacrylated monomer in the PPG family.
• the "unzipping" monomers are present at from about 0 to about 70 weight % (wt%).
• the liquid composition comprises reactive monomers, and/or oligomers, and/or polymers which provides the polymerized composition increased adhesiveness.
• reactive monomers, and/or oligomers, and/or polymers may be a (meth)acrylate.
• (meth)acrylate encompasses acrylates and/or
• such reactive monomers, and/or oligomers, and/or polymers may be selected from the group consisting of
• HEM A hydroxy ethylmethacrylate
• HPMA hydroxypropylmethacrylate
• EMA Ethyl Methacrylate
• THFMA Tetrahydrofurfuryl Methacrylate
• pyromellitic dianhydride di(meth)acrylate pyromellitic dianhydride glyceryl dimethacrylate, pyromellitic dimethacrylate, methacroyloxyethyl maleate, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate/succinate, 1,3 -glycerol dimethacrylate/succinate adduct, phthalic acid monoethyl methacrylate, and mixtures thereof.
• reactive monomers, and/or oligomers, and/or polymers possess acidic functionality.
• the monomer, oligomer or polymer which provides the polymerized composition increased adhesiveness is present from about 0 to about 80 wt%.
• An aspect of the present disclosure provides a polymerizable liquid composition comprising a non-reactive, solvent-dissolvable, film- forming polymer.
• the non-reactive, solvent-dissolvable, film-forming polymer is a cellulose ester. According to a particular aspect, the non-reactive, solvent- dissolvable, film- forming polymer is a cellulose acetate alkylate. According to a more particular aspect, the non-reactive, solvent-dissolvable, film-forming polymer is a cellulose acetate butyrate or a cellulose acetate propionate. According to a further aspect, the ingredient which provides for ease of removal may be present at from about 0 to about 50 wt%.
• An aspect of the present disclosure provides a method of removal.
• thermoset polymerized from the disclosed composition is provided sensitivity to organic solvents and, in particular, to acetone.
• means are provided to distribute organic solvent to the polymer/natural nail interface.
• delivering an appropriate solvent to the polymer/natural nail interface will result in an unzipping effect which leads to rapid disruption of the adhesive bond interface and greatly facilitates quick and gentle removal from the natural nail.
• Nail coatings commonly consist of a material applied to a keratin nail surface. Prior art coatings may damage the nail by at least two mechanisms. First, adequate adhesion of the enhancement to the nail may require abrasion to roughen the nail surface. And second, removal of the enhancement may require prolonged exposure to possibly damaging solvents and or further abrasion of the nail surface.
• An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a nail coating comprising a 3-dimentional (3-D) thermoset lattice interpenetrated by a network comprising an organic solvent-dissolvable resin.
• a 3-D thermoset lattice provides the enhanced adhesion, toughness, and scratch-resistance of conventional artificial nails.
• An embodiment of the liquid composition comprises reactive monomers, and/or oligomers, and/or polymers which provides the polymerized composition increased adhesiveness.
• such reactive monomers, and/or oligomers, and/or polymers may be a (meth)acrylate.
• the term (meth)acrylate encompasses acrylates and/or
• such reactive monomers, and/or oligomers, and/or polymers may be selected from the group consisting of hydroxypropyl methacrylate (HPMA), hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), EMA, THFMA, pyromellitic dianhydride di(meth)acrylate, pyromellitic dianhydride glyceryl dimethacrylate, pyromellitic dimethacrylate, methacroyloxyethyl maleate, 2- hydroxyethyl methacrylate/succinate,l,3-glycerol dimethacrylate/succinate adduct, phthalic acid monoethyl methacrylate, and mixtures thereof.
• HPMA hydroxypropyl methacrylate
• HEMA hydroxyethyl methacrylate
• EMA EMA
• THFMA pyromellitic dianhydride di(meth)acrylate
• such reactive monomers, and/or oligomers, and/or polymers possess acidic functionality.
• the monomer, oligomer or polymer which provides the polymerized composition increased adhesiveness is present from about 0 to about 50 wt%.
• liquid composition comprise at least one polymer which is incorporated within the 3-D lattice and which conveys enhanced
• polymer/natural nail interface renders the interfacial bonds susceptible to rupture by organic solvents.
• a polymer which conveys both enhanced adhesiveness and which sensitizes the polymer/nail interface to solvent is a co-polymer of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) and polymethacrylic acid (PMAA).
• the monomers are present in the polymer in a ratio of 90 parts PMMA to 10 parts PMAA (90: 10 PMMA/PMAA).
• the PMAA monomer fraction may vary from 0 to 100%.
• the PMMA-PMAA copolymer has a PMMA:PMAA monomer ratio of about 50:50.
• the PMMA-PMAA copolymer has a PMMA:PMAA monomer ratio of about 60:40.
• the PMMA-PMAA copolymer has a PMMA:PMAA monomer ratio of about 80:20. According to an aspect, the PMMA-PMAA copolymer has a PMMA:PMAA monomer ratio of about 90: 10. According to an aspect, the PMMA-PMAA copolymer has a PMMA:PMAA monomer ratio of about 95:5.
• the liquid composition comprise at least one monomer which confers the "unzipping" property by imparting to the interfacial bonds a high degree of sensitivity to organic solvent.
• the at least one monomer may be polypropylene glycol-4-monomethacrylate (PPG-4 monomethacrylate).
• suitable monomers may include any acrylated or methacrylated monomer in the PPG or polyethylene glycol (PEG) family.
• the "unzipping" monomers are present at from about 0 to about 70 weight % (wt%).
• An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a polymerizable liquid composition comprised of an aromatic or aliphatic (meth)acrylate monomer which provides improved adhesion, viscosity, wear and durability.
• the (meth)acrylate monomer is a tetrahydrofurfuryl methacrylate.
• some or all of the tetrahydrofurfuryl methacrylate may be substituted by such monomers including, but not limited to methyl or ethyl methacrylate, hydroxypropyl or hydroxybutyl methacrylate, and/or other monomers such as pyromellitic dianhydride glyceryl dimethacrylate, and similar (meth)acrylate monomers.
• the aromatic or aliphatic (meth)acrylate monomer may be present from about 0 to about 70 wt%. Certain embodiments of the present disclosure may comprise another or
• the second (meth)acrylate monomer may be a pyromellitic dianhydride glyceryl dimethacrylate (PMGDM).
• PMGDM pyromellitic dianhydride glyceryl dimethacrylate
• the second methacrylate monomer may be an acid-functional, (meth)acrylate monomer.
• the second methacrylate monomer may be present from about 0 to about 70 wt%.
• the polymerizable liquid composition of the present disclosure may comprise a urethane (meth)acrylate resin which may convey flexibility and toughness to the polymerized product.
• urethane methacrylates are preferred.
• the urethane (meth)acrylate monomer may be present from about 0 to about 80 wt%.
• the urethane (meth)acrylate may have a molecular weight (grams/mole) of from about 100 to about 20,000.
• the urethane (meth)acrylate may have a molecular weight of from about 300 to about 15,000.
• the urethane (meth)acrylate may have a molecular weight of from about 500 to about 13,000.
• the urethane (meth)acrylate may have a molecular weight of from about 500 to about 6,000.
• the 3-D thermoset lattice is interpenetrated by a network of voids left by the evolution of a solvent. During the curing process, domains of a non-reactive, organic solvent-dissolvable resin form within the crosslinked polymer matrix. When it is desired to remove the nail covering, the polymer is exposed to a solvent which penetrates the network of voids to the domains of the solvent-dissolvable resin. Dissolution of the resin allows further penetration of solvent to the interior of the thermoset and also to the polymer/nail interface.
• the polymerizable liquid composition of the present disclosure may comprise a non-reactive, solvent-dissolvable, film-forming polymer.
• the non-reactive, solvent-dissolvable, film-forming polymer is a cellulose ester.
• the non-reactive, solvent- dissolvable, film- forming polymer is a cellulose acetate alkylate.
• the non-reactive, solvent-dissolvable, film-forming polymer is a cellulose acetate butyrate or a cellulose acetate propionate.
• the non-reactive, solvent-dissolvable, film-forming polymer may be a mixture of any acceptable polymer.
• the non-reactive, solvent-dissolvable, film- forming polymer may be present at from about 0 to about 50 wt%.
• the present disclosure eases removal of the nail covering by facilitating entrance of solvent into the interior of the coating.
• the present invention provides a 3-D thermoset interpenetrated by a network of voids left from evolution of solvent during cure and domains of organic solvent- soluble polymer.
• the solvents penetrate the bulk material through the voids left during the curing process to the cellulose ester, or other non-reactive, organic solvent-soluble polymer, which is dissolved by the solvent, leaving further voids which allow deeper and more complete penetration into the bulk of the material down to the polymer/nail interface.
• the result is a series of solvent accessible passageways riddled throughout the thermoset. Under these conditions, solvent may attack the interior of the thermoset no longer limited by a slow diffusion rate.
• the present disclosure provides a basecoat as a layer intermediate between the nail and coating surfaces.
• the inventive basecoat is a polymerizable liquid so as to provide a completely conformal coating over the nail surface.
• the inventive composition may be polymerizable with actinic radiation.
• the actinic radiation may be ultraviolet (UV) radiation.
• the inventive composition comprises monomers and oligomers having a plurality of free hydroxyl groups.
• the hydroxyl groups of the inventive composition may be available to form hydrogen bonds with a substrate which may be a keratinous nail surface.
• the hydroxyl groups of the inventive composition may be available to form hydrogen bonds with a substrate which may be a surface of a natural nail or artificial nail enhancement coating.
• the liquid composition comprises ethylenic unsaturated (meth)acrylates which may be polymerized or cured by a UV-initiated, free-radical polymerization method.
• ethylenic unsaturated (meth)acrylates which may be polymerized or cured by a UV-initiated, free-radical polymerization method.
• suitable photoinitiators for use with the invention. Set forth below are, non-limiting representative photoinitiators that are suitable for purposes of the invention.
• a non-limiting suitable photoinitiator is 2,4,6- trimethylbenzoyldiphenylphosphinate, which may be obtained under the tradename Lucirin® TPO-L (BASF Aktiengesellschaft, Ludwigshafen, DE).
• the 2,4,6- trimethylbenzoyldiphenylphosphinate photoinitiator may be present from about 0% to about 10 wt%.
• a non-limiting suitable photoinitiator is hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone, which may be obtained under the tradename Igracure® 184 and which may be present from about 0 to about 10 wt%.
• a non-limiting suitable photoinitiator is benzil dimethyl ketal (BDK), which may be obtained under the tradename FIRSTCURE® BDK (Albemarle, Baton Rouge, LA, US) and which may be present from about 0 to about 10 wt%.
• BDK benzil dimethyl ketal
• a conventional thermoset nail coating comprises 100% solids and does not comprise non-reactive solvents.
• the polymerizable liquid composition of the present disclosure further comprises at least one non-reactive solvent.
• a suitable non-reactive solvent is readily volatile at room temperature and is a good solvent for the remaining ingredients. Upon application, the non-reactive solvent readily volatilizes leaving regions of increased porosity throughout the nail coating. These porous regions later facilitate the entry of a remover solvent which may be acetone.
• Suitable non-reactive solvents may be selected from the group consisting of ketones, alkyl acetates, alcohols, alkanes, alkenes, and mixtures thereof.
• Suitable solvents may be selected from the group consisting of acetone, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, isopropyl alcohol, ethanol, methyl ethyl ketone, toluene, hexane, and mixtures thereof.
• a particularly suitable solvent is acetone.
• a solvent or a mixture of solvents is included at up to about 70 weight percent.
• (meth)acrylate monomers or polymers in order to fine tune adhesion and removal properties.
• Non- limiting examples of such (meth)acrylates include: mono or poly(meth)acrylic acids, HPMA, HEMA, pyromellitic dianhydride di(meth)acrylate, pyromellitic dianhydride glyceryl dimethacrylate, pyromellitic dimethacrylate, methacroyloxyethyl maleate, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate/succinate, 1,3-glycerol dimethacrylate/succinate adduct, phthalic acid monoethyl methacrylate , ethyl methacrylate, tetrahydrofurfuryl methacrylate, butyl methacrylate, isobutyl methacrylate, PEG-4 dimethacrylate, PPG monomethacrylate, trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, hydoxyethy
• dimethacrylate tetraethylene glycol dimethacrylate, trimethylolpropane
• trimethacrylate neopentylglycol dimethacylate, acetoacetoxy methacrylate.
• Certain embodiments of the formulation may optionally comprise resins, such as, but not limited to polyvinylbutyral and/or tosylamide formaldehyde resins. Such resins act as film formers, adhesion promoters, and aids to removal. These resins may also qualify as solvent-dissolvable, interpenetrating resins which can be extracted to create channels for solvent absorption and migration.
• resins such as, but not limited to polyvinylbutyral and/or tosylamide formaldehyde resins.
• Such resins act as film formers, adhesion promoters, and aids to removal. These resins may also qualify as solvent-dissolvable, interpenetrating resins which can be extracted to create channels for solvent absorption and migration.
• the unpolymerized basecoat may have the consistency of a liquid or gel.
• the unpolymerized basecoat may be applied to a keratin nail surface.
• the unpolymerized basecoat may be polymerized by exposure to UV radiation.
• the unpolymerized basecoat may be applied to a nail surface and contacted with a color layer such as is described in co-pending (Attorney Docket 017535-0372227).
• the nail surface-basecoat - color layer system may be exposed to UV radiation.
• the basecoat may be polymerized thereby adhering the color layer to the nail surface.
• the basecoat is applied without abrading the nail surface.
• a color layer or other material may be adhered to the nail surface without abrading the nail surface.
• a color layer or other material may be removed from the nail surface without abrading the surface of the nail coating.
• the present disclosure relates to a major advantage in that it enables the tough, rubbery color layer to adhere to the natural nail for periods in excess of two weeks without adhesion loss or other signs of breakdown of the coating.
• the present disclosure relates to a UV gel system that is less damaging to the nail, since the application process requires no abrasive filing of the natural nail. And the process of removal at most calls for the use of a light touch of a wooden stick.
• the present basecoat is removable without any abrasion of the uppermost layers if they are solvent-removable themselves.
• the present disclosure relates to a more rapidly removable basecoat system achieving removal in 20 seconds for basecoat alone to 20 minutes for the whole system.
• Polymerizable basecoats may adhere to the keratin nail surface by means of hydrogen and/or covalent bonds.
• the basecoat may be removed from the nail surface by means of organic solvents.
• Non-limiting solvents include acetone, butyl acetate, isopropyl alcohol, ethanol, ethyl acetate, methyl acetate, methyl ethyl ketone, and mixtures thereof.
• This invention has industrial applicability in providing compositions and methods for improving the adhesion of nail coatings to natural nails without requiring abrasion of the natural nail.
• the invention further provides means for removing a nail coating without requiring extended soak times or abrasion of the natural nail surface.

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• 2009
  • 2009-09-08 US US12/555,571 patent/US8263677B2/en active Active
• 2010
  • 2010-08-30 KR KR1020127008890A patent/KR20120090055A/ko not_active Withdrawn
  • 2010-08-30 RU RU2012113607/05A patent/RU2561981C2/ru active
  • 2010-08-30 CA CA2773653A patent/CA2773653C/en active Active
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  • 2010-08-30 EP EP10750001.9A patent/EP2475725B2/en active Active
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