WO2011021707A1 - Feuille de diffusion de lumière - Google Patents

Feuille de diffusion de lumière Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011021707A1
WO2011021707A1 PCT/JP2010/064129 JP2010064129W WO2011021707A1 WO 2011021707 A1 WO2011021707 A1 WO 2011021707A1 JP 2010064129 W JP2010064129 W JP 2010064129W WO 2011021707 A1 WO2011021707 A1 WO 2011021707A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
group
light
carbon atoms
substituted
fine particles
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Application number
PCT/JP2010/064129
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English (en)
Inventor
Koreshige Ito
Kazushi Furukawa
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Fujifilm Corporation
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Publication date
Application filed by Fujifilm Corporation filed Critical Fujifilm Corporation
Publication of WO2011021707A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011021707A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/02—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements
    • G02B5/0205—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties
    • G02B5/021—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties the diffusion taking place at the element's surface, e.g. by means of surface roughening or microprismatic structures
    • G02B5/0226—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties the diffusion taking place at the element's surface, e.g. by means of surface roughening or microprismatic structures having particles on the surface
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/02—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements
    • G02B5/0205—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties
    • G02B5/0236—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties the diffusion taking place within the volume of the element
    • G02B5/0242—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties the diffusion taking place within the volume of the element by means of dispersed particles

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a light-diffusing sheet. More specifically, the present invention relates to a light-diffusing sheet suitable for various display devices and illumination devices which have an LED light source.
  • LEDs are gaining the attention as an illumination light source.
  • the white LEDs excited by near-ultraviolet LEDs have high color rendering properties, and therefore expected to be used as a light source for next-generation illumination devices and image display devices.
  • the LEDs have superior long-time reliability owing to their low power consumption, illumination light of the LEDs is hard to be expanded due to its high directionality. Therefore, when the LEDs are used as the light source of the illumination device, the illumination light has high intensity in a certain direction, but the intensity decreases in other directions. Because of this, directly looking at the illumination device from the certain direction may harm eyes, and the luminous intensity of the illumination light may vary by areas.
  • the conventional light-diffusing member used for illumination is mainly a light-diffusing plate which is an acrylic plate formed by adding oxidized titanium and the like.
  • a light-diffusing plate which is an acrylic plate formed by adding oxidized titanium and the like.
  • a light-diffusing film used for an LED backlight has a high light permeability but its light covering ability may be insufficient since its light-diffusing properties are low.
  • Japanese Patent No. 3485613 there is proposed a light-diffusing sheet having a plastic film on which a transparent resin layer and a light-diffusing layer are formed.
  • the light-diffusing layer is formed of plastic beads and resin.
  • the light-diffusing sheet of the Japanese Patent No. 3485613 efficiently utilizes light-diffusing phenomenon by using the plastic beads, and can enhance the light transmittance particularly when used in the illumination device having the LED light source.
  • the covering ability of this light-diffusing sheet for the LED light source is not sufficient.
  • a surface of the light-diffusing sheet may be covered with other functional member by post-processing depending on the intended use. Therefore, the surface of the light-diffusing sheet tends to be damaged, and the damage may result in the unevenness of luminous intensity.
  • water-based transparent resin layers are serially layered to form the light-diffusing sheet, the transparent resin layers tend to be damaged, and the damage may cause the unevenness of luminous intensity.
  • the applied layers may be hardened by raising the application temperature, and thereby the strength against damage of the layers may be improved.
  • the hard coat layer may have cracks by raising the application temperature if the water-based coating liquid is used for forming the hard coat layer.
  • Materials preferably used for forming the hard coat layer are those including polyfunctional acrylic monomers and oligomers which are cured or hardened by the irradiation of ultraviolet rays or electron rays in view of ease in production of multilayered film.
  • materials preferably used for forming the hard coat layer are those including polyfunctional acrylic monomers and oligomers which are cured or hardened by the irradiation of ultraviolet rays or electron rays in view of ease in production of multilayered film.
  • moisture and heat curing silica-based materials using hydrolysis of alkoxysilane and dehydrogenative condensation of silanol which is generated by the hydrolysis are not preferable from an environmental view point since enormous amounts of organic solvent is used as a solvent of the coating liquid for forming the hard coat layer.
  • the use of the water-based coating liquid for forming the hard coat layer may not cause adverse effects on the environment, however, it requires a drying treatment under high temperature of at least 170 0 C to form the hard coat layer with sufficient hardness.
  • the base is deformed by heat shrinkage after the formation of the hard coat layer, and the liquid cannot be applied uniformly, which results in unevenness of the light-diffusing layer.
  • the hard coat layer When the hard coat layer is formed after the formation of the light-diffusing layer, the hard coat layer may have cracks due to decrease in heat shrinkage of the base at the time of the application of liquid for forming the hard coat layer, when the drying temperature of the light-diffusing layer is too high.
  • the LEDs excited by the near-ultraviolet LEDs are disadvantageous in that they cannot prevent harmful ultraviolet rays from leaking. It is an object of the present invention to provide a light-diffusing sheet for LED illumination having high light permeability and high covering ability for an LED light source and having a water-based hard coat formed thereon. It is an additional object of the present invention to provide a light-diffusing sheet for LED illumination whose surface cannot easily be damaged during the production process, that is, to provide a light-diffusing sheet having high strength against damage and superior productivity for forming a water-based hard coat thereon. It is yet an additional object of the present invention to provide a light-diffusing sheet which absorbs near-ultraviolet rays while maintaining high color rendering properties . Disclosure of Invention
  • a light-diffusing sheet of the present invention includes a sheet base, a first resin layer and a second resin layer.
  • the sheet base is made of polyester.
  • the first resin layer is formed on one surface of the sheet base, and includes at least one sort of first fine particles and water-soluble and/or water-dispersible first polymer.
  • the content of the first fine particles in the first resin layer is 5 parts by mass or more and 400 parts by mass or less with respect to the first polymer of 100 parts by mass.
  • the second resin layer is formed on the first resin layer, and includes at least one sort of second fine particles and water-soluble and/or water-dispersible second polymer.
  • the content of the second fine particles in the second resin layer is 80 parts by mass or more and 500 parts by mass or less with respect to the second polymer of 100 parts by mass.
  • the first fine particles are preferably inorganic fine particles having an average particle diameter of 0.005 ⁇ m or more and 1 ⁇ m or less.
  • the inorganic fine particles are preferably made of silica.
  • the first fine particles are preferably organic fine particles having an average particle diameter of 0.1 ⁇ m or more and 20 ⁇ m or less.
  • the second fine particles are preferably organic fine particles having an average particle diameter of 3 ⁇ m or more and 20 ⁇ m or less.
  • the organic fine particles are preferably made of at least one of polystyrene and polymethylmethacrylate .
  • the water-soluble and/or water-dispersible polymer is preferably made of at least one of polyester, polyurethane and acrylate resin. It is preferable that the sheet base has a heat shrinkage rate of 0.05% or more and 3.0% or less at 170 0 C for 10 minutes of heating treatment, and the other surface of the sheet base is provided with a water-based hard coat layer.
  • a transmittance of light with a wavelength of 410 nm is preferably at most 5%.
  • a layer containing an ultraviolet absorbent is further provided, and the layer containing the ultraviolet absorbent contains at most 5 g/m 2 of a compound whose maximum absorption wavelength in a solution is 400 nm or less.
  • the layer containing the ultraviolet absorbent is preferably the sheet base.
  • the ultraviolet absorbent is preferably a compound represented by a general formula (1) wherein Het 1 is a bivalent
  • R le , R lf , R lg and R lh each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a monovalent substituent R.
  • a second ultraviolet absorbent is a compound whose absorbance at 320 nm is at least 20% of the absorbance at the maximum absorption wavelength of 270 nm or more and 400 nm or less, and the maximum absorption wavelength is at most 380 nm.
  • a layer including at least one of compounds represented by general formulae (TS-I) to (TS-V) is further provided.
  • R 91 represents one of a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an aryl group, a heterocyclic group, an acyl group, an alkyl- or alkenyl-oxycarbonyl group, an aryl oxycarbonyl group, an alkyl sulfonyl group, an aryl sulfonyl group, a phosphinotolyl group, a phosphinyl group, and -Si(R 97 ) (R 9 s) (R 99 ) .
  • R 97 , R 98 and R 99 each independently represents one of an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an aryl group, an alkoxy group, an alkenyloxy group, and an aryloxy group.
  • -X91- represents -0-, -S-, or -N(-Rioo)-, in which R100 represents one of an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an aryl group, a heterocyclic group, an acyl group, an alkyl- or alkenyl-oxycarbonyl group, an aryl oxycarbonyl group, an alkyl sulfonyl group, an aryl sulfonyl group, an phosphinotolyl group, a phosphinyl group, and -Si(Rg 7 ) (R98) (R99)• R92, R93A R94, R95 and R 96 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent .
  • Each combination of R 9 1 and R 92 , R 100 and R 96 , and/or R 9 i and R1 00 bind to each other to form a 5- to 7-membered ring.
  • Each combination of R 92 and R 93 and/or R 93 and R 94 bind to each other to form a 5- to 7-membered ring, a spiro ring, or a bicyclo ring except the case where all of R 9 i, R 92 , R 93 , R94, R 9 5, R96 and R ⁇ oo are a hydrogen atom at the same time.
  • the total number of carbon atoms of R 91 , R 9 2, R93, R94, R95, R96 and R100 is 10 or more.
  • R101, R102, Rio3r and R104 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, or an alkenyl group, and includes each combination of R1 0 1 and R102 and/or R 103 and R 104 bind to each other to form a 5- to 7-membered ring.
  • Xioi represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkyl oxy group, an alkenyl oxy group, an alkyl- or alkenyl-oxycarbonyl group, an aryl oxycarbonyl group, an acyl group, an acyl oxy group, an alkyl oxycarbonyloxy group, an alkenyl oxycarbonyloxy group, an aryl oxycarbonyloxy group, an alkyl- or alkenyl-sulfonyl group, an aryl sulfonyl group, an alkyl- or alkenyl-sulfinyl group, an aryl sulfinyl group, a sulfamoyl group, a carbamoyl group, a hydroxy group, or a oxyradical group.
  • X1 02 represents a group of nonmetal atoms forming a 5- to 7-membered ring.
  • Ri 05 and R 106 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, an aliphatic group, an acyl group, an aliphatic oxycarbonyl group, an aromatic oxycarbonyl group, an aliphatic sulfonyl group, or an aromatic sulfonyl group;
  • Rio 7 represents an aliphatic group, an aliphatic oxy group, an aromatic oxy group, an aliphatic thio group, an aromatic thio group, an acyloxy group, an aliphatic oxycarbonyloxy group, an aromatic oxycarbonyloxy group, a substituted amino group, a heterocyclic group, or a hydroxy group, and includes each combination of R ⁇ O 5 and Rio ⁇ f Rio ⁇ and R107, and/or R 105 and R 107 bind to each other to form a 5- to 7-membered ring except the case where those having a 2, 2, 6, 6-tetraalkylpiperidine skeleton is formed.
  • R m and , Rn 2 each independently represents an aliphatic group, and includes a combination of Rm and R 112 bind to each other to form a 5- to 7-membered ring, wherein N represents 0, 1 or 2.
  • the total number of carbon atoms of R m and Rn 2 is 10 or more.
  • R1 21 and R122 each independently represents an aliphatic oxy group or an aromatic oxy group
  • R 123 represents an aliphatic group, an aromatic group, an aliphatic oxy group, or an aromatic oxy group
  • m represents 0 or 1
  • R 121 and R1 22 and/or R i2 i and R 123 bind to each other to form a 5- to 8-membered ring.
  • the total number of carbon atoms of R121, R122 and R123 is 10 or more.
  • a layer not including the fine particles preferably has a haze value of at most 10%.
  • the light-diffusing sheet of the present invention has an all light transmittance of more than 80% and a haze value of 90% or more. It is more preferable that the light-diffusing sheet of the present invention has the all light transmittance of more than 90% and the haze value of more than 90.3%.
  • the first resin layer and the second resin layer are layered on one surface of the sheet base, and each of the first and second resin layers has at least one sort of the fine particles and the water-soluble and/or water-dispersible polymer, and the content of the fine particles in the first resin layer is 5 parts by mass or more and 400 parts by mass or less.
  • the light-diffusing sheet having high light permeability and high covering ability for the LED light source whose surface cannot easily be damaged can be obtained.
  • the light-diffusing sheet which has a light transmittance of more than 80% and a haze value of at least 90% can be obtained.
  • the light-diffusing sheet of the present invention can absorb near-ultraviolet rays while maintaining high color rendering properties .
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of a light-diffusing sheet having no hard coat layer formed thereon.
  • a light-diffusing sheet 10 shown in Fig. 1 has a sheet base 11, a light-diffusing part 12, an adhesion layer 13 and a hard coat layer 14.
  • the light-diffusing part 12 is formed on one surface of the sheet base 11.
  • the adhesion layer 13 and the hard coat layer 14 are formed on the other surface of the sheet base 11. Either one of the light-diffusing part 12 or the hard coat layer 14 can be a light incident surface.
  • Polyester used for forming the sheet base 11 is not particularly limited, and those known to be used for optical application can be used.
  • polyethylene terephthalate polyethylene naphthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polybutylene naphthalate and the like.
  • polyethylene terephthalate is especially preferable in view of cost and mechanical strength.
  • the sheet base 11 is preferably stretched biaxially.
  • the biaxial stretching is to stretch a film and like in two directions which intersect with each other. The two directions are preferably orthogonal to each other.
  • each of a widthwise direction and a lengthwise direction of the sheet base 11 can be defined as one axis. Owing to the biaxial stretching, molecule orientation in two axes of the sheet base 11 can be sufficiently controlled, and thereby improving its mechanical strength.
  • a draw ratio is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1.5 to 7 times, and more preferably 2 to 5 times in one direction. It is especially preferable that the sheet base 11 is biaxially stretched at a draw ratio of 2 to 5 times in one axial direction. Since the draw ratio is set to be at least 1.5 times, the sheet base 11 can obtain more sufficient mechanical strength. Meanwhile, since the draw ratio is set to be at most 7 times, the sheet base 11 can obtain more even thickness.
  • a thickness of the sheet base 11 can be arbitrarily selected for its intended use, but is preferably at least 150 ⁇ m when used for LED illumination, and more preferably at least 200 ⁇ m. If the light-diffusing sheet 10 is required to have rigidity, the thickness of the sheet base 11 is preferably at least 250 ⁇ m. Note that the sheet base 11 is thicker than any other layers 12a, 12b, 13 and 14.
  • a heat shrinkage rate of the sheet base 11 is preferably in the range from 0.05% to 3.0%, more preferably in the range from 0.1% to 2.5%, and further more preferably in the range from 0.4% to 2.0%.
  • the heat shrinkage rate is expressed as a percentage and obtained after the sheet base 11 is heated at 170 0 C for 10 minutes.
  • an applied layer which is formed of an coating liquid for hard coat layer, which is described later may not have cracks, and also the deformation of the sheet base 11 itself can be minimized, which ensures to obtain a plane light-diffusing sheet 10 in preferable form.
  • the heat shrinkage rate of the sheet base 11 is obtained at a temperature same as or similar to a temperature of the applied layer as it is being hardened.
  • the heat shrinkage rate is preferably obtained at 170 0 C when the coating liquid for the hard coat layer described later is used as the coating liquid.
  • the heat shrinkage rate is obtained in the following method.
  • a sample is taken from the sheet base 11.
  • a length of the sample is measured in a predetermined direction. This length of the sample before the heating is defined as a length Ll.
  • the sample is left in a constant-temperature unit, in which an internal temperature is kept at 170 0 C, for 10 minutes without applying tension to the sample.
  • the constant-temperature unit may be a heating oven or the like in which the internal temperature is kept at a certain temperature by sending hot air to the inside of the unit.
  • a length thereof is measured in the same direction as the length Ll is measured. This length of the sample after the heating is defined as a length L2.
  • the heat shrinkage rate (unit: %) is calculated using the following mathematical expression: 100 x (L1-L2) /Ll .
  • the method for obtaining the heat shrinkage rate of the sheet base 11 is not limited to the above method. When other measurement method is used, correlation of the obtained values between the measurement method used and the above method may be examined in advance, and the measured value can be obtained based on the examined correlation.
  • the heat shrinkage rate of the polyester film used as the sheet base 11 in the two directions orthogonal to each other in the film plane is preferably in the range from 0.05% to 3.0%, more preferably in the range from 0.1% to 2.5%, and further more preferably in the range from 0.4% to 2.0% when the heat treatment is performed at 170 0 C for 10 minutes.
  • the light-diffusing part 12 has the first resin layer 12a and the second resin layer 12b in this order from the sheet base 11 side.
  • Each of the first and second resin layers 12a and 12b is a light-diffusing layer which diffuses the illuminated light.
  • the first resin layer 12a is disposed as a lower layer and the second resin layer 12b is disposed as an upper layer. That is, the first resin layer 12a is in contact with the sheet base 11 and the second resin layer 12b is formed on the first resin layer 12a.
  • Each of the first and second resin layers 12a and 12b contains fine particles and water-soluble and/or water-dispersible polymer.
  • the water-soluble and/or water-dispersible polymer refers to polymer that can be dissolved or dispersed in a water-based solvent (water, or a mixture of water and at most 70 % by mass of water-miscible organic solvent) .
  • the water-miscible organic solvent includes, for example, methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, propyl alcohol, methyl cellosolve, ethyl cellosolve, butyl cellosolve, ethyl acetate and dimethylformamide.
  • the first and second resin layers 12a and 12b contain a cross-linking agent to improve resistance to damage when handing the light-diffusing sheet 10, resistance to solvents when wiping dust and dirt off of the surface of the light-diffusing sheet 10, or to ensure adhesion strength to the base sheet 11.
  • the resin layers need not be same in view of their optical functions.
  • the water-soluble and/or water-dispersible polymer used for the first and second resin layers 12a and 12b is not particularly limited, but may appropriately be selected in accordance with the intended use.
  • Preferable examples of the water-soluble and/or water-dispersible polymer are polyvinyl alcohol, methyl cellulose, gelatin, polyester, polyurethane, acrylate resin, amino resin, epoxy resin and styrene-butadiene copolymer.
  • preferable are acrylate rein, polyester and polyurethane of water-dispersible polymer.
  • One sort of such polymer, or two or more sorts of such polymer in combination may be used.
  • polymer which may react with the cross-linking agent is preferably used.
  • polymer having hydroxyl group, amino group and carboxyl group may be used.
  • the water-dispersible polymer preferably contain substituents such as sulfonic acid group, hydroxyl group, carboxylic acid group, amino group, amide group and ether group. Note that one sort of such polymer, or two or more sorts of such polymer in combination may be used.
  • a refractive index difference between the resin for the first resin layer 12a and the resin for the second resin layer 12b, which may be the same as or different from each other, is at most 0.15 in order to improve the light transmission.
  • a thickness of the first resin layer 12a is preferably 0.1 ⁇ m or more and 20 ⁇ m or less. When the thickness is made 0.1 ⁇ m or more, the covering ability for the LED light source is improved.
  • a thickness of the second resin layer 12b is preferably 1 ⁇ m or more and 30 ⁇ m or less.
  • the thickness is made 1 ⁇ m or more, the light-diffusing properties is enhanced.
  • the thickness is made 30 ⁇ m or less, the light transmission is more accurately prevented from lowering, and the uniformity of the resin layer is improved.
  • Fine particles 15 and 16 used for the first and second resin layers 12a and 12b, respectively are not particularly limited, but may appropriately be selected in accordance with the intended use.
  • the fine particles 15 for the first resin layer 12a are inorganic fine particles such as silica, calcium carbonate, alumina and zirconia, or organic fine particles such as polymethylmethacrylate resin particle, melamine resin particle, polystyrene resin particle and silicone resin particle.
  • One sort of the fine particles, or two or more sorts of the fine particles in combination may be used.
  • Especially preferable are particulate silica.
  • An average particle diameter of the fine particles 15, when inorganic, for the first resin layer 12a is preferably 0.005 ⁇ m or more and 1 ⁇ m or less, and more preferably 0.01 ⁇ m or more and 0.5 ⁇ m or less.
  • the average particle diameter of the inorganic fine particles is set within the range from 0.005 ⁇ m or more and 1 ⁇ m or less, sufficient light transmission, and the resistance to damage during the production process can be obtained.
  • the fine particles 15 are organic particles
  • an average particle diameter thereof is preferably 0.1 ⁇ m or more and 20 ⁇ m or less, and more preferably 0.5 ⁇ m or more and 10 ⁇ m or less.
  • the average particle diameter of the organic particles is set within the range from 0.1 ⁇ m or more and 20 ⁇ m or less, sufficient light diffusing properties is obtained, and the uniformity of the second resin layer 12b formed thereon is improved.
  • the second resin layer 12b is formed by application and hardening. During such formation of the second resin layer 12b, the fine particles 15 may fall from the formerly formed first resin layer 12a.
  • the above-described upper limit of the average particle diameter of the organic particles for the first resin layer 12a is smaller than the later-described upper limit of an average particle diameter of organic particles for the second resin layer 12b.
  • the inorganic fine particles are extremely hard, they may damage the light-diffusing sheet 10 when they fall off. To prevent the light-diffusing sheet 10 from being damaged, the inorganic fine particles are preferably contained in the first resin layer 12a than the second resin layer 12b.
  • An additive amount of the fine particles 15 for the first resin layer 12a is preferably 5 parts by mass or more and 400 parts by mass or less with respect to the water-soluble and/or water-dispersible polymer in the first resin layer 12a of 100 parts by mass (by solid content) , and more preferably 10 parts by mass or more and 300 parts by mass or less with respect to the same.
  • both the covering ability for the LED light source and the light transmission can be balanced.
  • the additive amount is 5 parts by mass or more, the covering ability for the LED light source is sufficiently obtained.
  • the additive amount is 400 parts by mass or less, sufficient covering ability for the LED light source and light transmission can be obtained, while maintaining the uniformity in thickness.
  • a ratio of a refractive index of the fine particles 15 for the first resin layer 12a with respect to a refractive index of a resin for the first resin layer 12a is preferably 0.7 to 1.3.
  • the refractive index ratio is within the range of 0.7 to 1.3, the covering ability for the LED light source and the light transmission can be improved.
  • the fine particles 16 for the second resin layer 12b are preferably organic fine particles having high light-diffusing properties.
  • Preferably used organic fine particles have a cross-linking structure, and especially preferable are polystyrene resin particle and polymethylmethacrylate resin particle having cross-linking structure.
  • An average particle diameter of organic fine particles for the second resin layer 12b is preferably 3 ⁇ m or more and 20 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 4 ⁇ m or more and 15 ⁇ m or less, and further more preferably 5 ⁇ m or more and 10 ⁇ m or less.
  • the average particle diameter of the organic fine particles for the second resin layer 12b is set within the range from 3 ⁇ m or more and 20 ⁇ m or less, the particles are prevented from falling off, and sufficient light-diffusing properties can be obtained.
  • the upper limit of the preferable average diameter range of the organic fine particles for the second resin layer 12b is larger than the upper limit of the preferable average diameter range of the organic fine particles for the first resin layer 12a.
  • the fine particles for the second resin layer 12b are intended to form the surface of the second resin layer 12b uneven so that the light-diffusing effect is obtained with the formed uneven surface. It is also because the second resin layer 12b need not to prevent the particles from falling off since no additional layers are formed thereon. In addition, the fine particles for the second resin layer 12b may not settle down in a pipe or a buffer-tank used for sending a liquid during the application process, which enables stable production. Note that the fine particles 16 for the second resin layer 12b are shown larger than the fine particles 15 for the first resin layer 12a in Fig 1, but the sizes thereof become substantially equal when the average diameters of the fine particles 15 and 16 are about 0.5 ⁇ m.
  • An additive amount of the organic fine particles for the second resin layer 12b is preferably 80 parts by mass or more and 500 parts by mass or less with respect to the water-soluble and/or water-dispersible polymer in the second resin layer 12b of 100 parts by mass (by solid content) , more preferably 100 parts by mass or more and 500 parts by mass or less with respect to the same, and further more preferably 200 parts by mass or more and 400 parts by mass or less with respect to the same.
  • the additive amount is 100 parts by mass or more, the fine particles can sufficiently function as the light-diffusing agent, and the light-covering ability is enhanced.
  • the additive amount is 500 parts by mass or less, the fine particles can be sufficiently dispersed.
  • the additive amount of the organic fine particles for the second resin layer 12b is preferably larger than the additive amount of the fine particles 15 for the first resin layer 12a.
  • a ratio of a refractive index of the fine particles 16 for the second resin layer 12b with respect to a refractive index of a resin for the second resin layer 12b is preferably 0.8 or more and 1.2 or less, or an absolute value of difference ⁇ is 0.35 or less.
  • the refractive index ratio is 0.8 or more and 1.2 or less, or the absolute value of difference ⁇ is 0.35 or less, the light-diffusing properties and the light transmission can be improved.
  • the light-diffusing effect at an interface between the second resin layer 12b and air can be further improved by considering the difference in refractive index between the fine particles 16 and air. From this aspect, the difference by deducting the refractive index of air from the refractive index of the fine particles 16 is preferably 0.2 or more and 0.8 or less .
  • a ratio of the thickness of the second resin layer 12b to the thickness of the first resin layer 12a is preferably 1 to 50. When the thickness ratio is within the range of 1 to 50, the light-diffusing properties and the light transmission can be improved.
  • a ratio of the average particle diameter of the fine particles 16 contained in the second resin layer 12b to the average particle diameter of the fine particles 15 contained in the first resin layer 12a is preferably 1 to 4000. When the average particle diameter ratio is within the range of 1 to 4000, the light-diffusing properties and the light transmission can be improved, and the uniformity of the resin layers can also be improved.
  • the first and second resin layers 12a and 12b preferably contain the cross-linking agent for the purpose of providing them with resistance to solvents and/or adhesion to the sheet base 11.
  • the cross-linking agent include an epoxy series, a melamine series, an oxazoline series and a carbodiimide series thereof.
  • a content of the cross-linking agent in the first and second resin layers 12a and 12b is preferably 0.5 parts by mass or more, and more preferably 1 parts by mass or more and 50 parts by mass or less, with respect to the water-soluble and/or water-dispersible polymer of 100 parts by mass (by solid content) .
  • the content of the cross-linking agent is 1 parts by mass or more, the resin layers are prevented from being damaged.
  • the content of the cross-lining agent is 50 parts by mass or less, the uniformity of the resin layers is maintained.
  • the coating liquid which forms the first and second resin layers 12a and 12b may contain a surfactant.
  • a surfactant When the surfactant is added, application unevenness of the coating liquid can be prevented, so that the formed resin layers become uniform in thickness.
  • the surfactant is not particularly limited, and examples of the surfactant include an aliphatic, an aromatic and a fluorine series thereof, or a nonionic, an anionic and a cationic series thereof.
  • the coating liquid which forms the first and second resin layers 12a and 12b is preferably prepared by the following method.
  • the surfactant is mixed to water, which is a solvent or a dispersing medium, and the mixed liquid is made uniform.
  • the fine particles 15 or the fine particles 16 is then added to the water with the surfactant and stirred so that the added fine particles 15 or 16 are uniformly dispersed in the liquid.
  • both the inorganic fine particles and the organic fine particles are used as the fine particles 15, either one can be added first or both can be added at the same time.
  • the resin as a binder component of the first resin layer 12a or the second resin layer 12b is added to the liquid in which the fine particles are uniformly dispersed, and the mixed liquid is made uniform. According to the above-described method, the coating liquid, even if it is water-based, capable of forming uniform layers can be prepared.
  • 12a and 12b are not particularly limited. Any known coating methods such as a reverse-roll coating, a gravure coating, a bar coating, a die coating and a curtain coating may be used, but especially preferable is the bar coating method.
  • the first and second resin layers 12a and 12b are formed by drying the coating liquid being applied.
  • the drying methods are not particularly limited, and any known methods may be used.
  • a drying temperature is preferably at least 90 0 C and at most 130 0 C, and more preferably at least 100 0 C and at most 120 0 C. When the drying temperature is at least 90 0 C, the coating liquid is sufficiently dried, and thereby preventing an adhesion defect. When the drying temperature is at most 130 0 C, the occurrence of cracks during the application of the water-based hard coat is prevented.
  • the adhesion layer 13 is provided on the sheet base 11 as necessary to improve the adhesion between the sheet base 11 and the hard coat layer 14.
  • the adhesion layer 13 is formed by applying a coating liquid onto a surface of the sheet base 11.
  • the coating liquid for the adhesion layer 13 contains a binder, a hardening agent and a surfactant. It is also possible that the hard coat layer 14 is formed directly on the sheet base 11 without forming the adhesion layer 13.
  • the binder used for the adhesion layer 13 is not necessarily limited. It is preferable to use at least one of polyester, polyurethane, acrylic polymer and styrene butadiene copolymer as the binder in view of adhesion. It is particularly preferable to use water-soluble or water-dispersible binder to reduce environmental loads.
  • Fine particles of metal oxides may be added to the adhesion layer 13 for the purpose of adjusting the refractive index of the adhesion layer 13.
  • Metal oxides with high refractive indices for example, tin oxide, zirconium dioxide, zinc oxide, titanium dioxide, cerium oxide and niobium oxide are preferable.
  • a thickness of the adhesion layer 13 is controlled by adjusting a coating amount of the coating liquid for forming the adhesion layer 13.
  • the thickness is preferably uniform across the adhesion layer 13 in the range from 0.01 ⁇ m to 5 ⁇ m, and more preferably in the range from 0.02 ⁇ m to 3 ⁇ m.
  • the thickness is 5 ⁇ m or less, the adhesion layer 13 with uniform thickness can be formed.
  • the amount of the coating liquid is not increased and drying time is not extended, therefore preventing increase in cost .
  • the hard coat layer 14 is a water-based layer and formed with a coating liquid containing an organic silicon compound, tetraalkoxysilane, an acid aqueous solution (hereinafter referred to as acid water) , and a water soluble hardening agent.
  • the coating liquid is formed into a coating layer, and hardened by heating and drying, and thereby forming the hard coat layer 14.
  • the organic silicon compound and the tetraalkoxysilane cross-linking density is increased due to the dehydrating condensation of the silanol, and becomes higher than in the case of using a conventional material for the hard coat layer.
  • the high-hardness hard coat layer 14 is formed.
  • a thickness of the hard coat layer 14 is controlled by adjusting a coating amount of the coating liquid.
  • the thickness is preferably uniform across the hard coat layer 14 in the range from 0.3 ⁇ m to 12 ⁇ m in view of hardness.
  • An organic silicon compound as a first component or constituent of the coating liquid for forming the hard coat layer 14 is divalent or trivalent alkoxysilane having an organic group and an alkoxy group.
  • This organic silicon compound is represented by a general formula (A) below.
  • R 1 is an organic group having 1 to 15 carbons and containing no amino group.
  • R 2 is a methyl group or an ethyl group.
  • R 3 is an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbons,
  • n is zero or 1. Note that the organic group containing no amino group means that this organic group does not have amino group.
  • organic silicon compounds represented by the general formula (A) include 3-glycidoxypropyl trimethoxysilane, 2- (3, 4-epoxycyclohexyl) ethyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane, 3-methacryloxy propyl trimethoxysilane, 3-acryloxypropyl trimethoxysilane, 3-chloropropyl trimethoxysilane, 3-ureidopropyl trimethoxysilane, propyltrimethoxysilane, phenyltrimethoxysilane, 3-glycidoxypropyl triethoxysilane, 2- (3, 4-epoxycyclohexyl) ethyltriethoxysilane, vinyl triethoxysilane, 3-methacryloxy propyl triethoxysilane, 3-acryloxypropyl triethoxysilane, 3-chloropropyl triethoxysilane, 3-ureid
  • trialkoxysilane for example, 3-glycidoxypropyl trimethoxysilane, 3-chloropropyl trimethoxysilane, 2- (3, 4-epoxycyclohexyl) ethyltrimethoxysilane, 3-ureidopro ⁇ yl triethoxysilane, 3-trimethoxysilylpropyl-2- [2- (methoxyethoxy) ethoxy] ethylureth ane, and 3-trimethoxysilylpropyl-2- [2- (methoxypropoxy) propoxy] propylurethane .
  • tetraalkoxysilane as a second component or constituent of the coating liquid for forming the hard coat layer increases cross-linking density resulting from the dehydrating condensation of the silanol generated by the hydrolysis of the organic silicon compound represented by the general formula (A) and tetraalkoxysilane. Thereby, the hard coat layer 14 with the higher hardness is formed compared to the conventional one.
  • the tetraalkoxysilane is not particularly limited. However, those with 1 to 4 carbons are more preferable, and tetramethoxysilane and tetraethoxysilane are particularly preferable.
  • the hydrolysis rate of tetraalkoxysilane is not decreased when the tetraalkoxysilane is mixed into the acid water. Accordingly, time required for the dissolution to obtain a uniform aqueous solution is not increased.
  • the acid water as a third component or the constituent of the coating liquid for forming the hard coat layer has a hydrogen ion exponent (pH) in the range from 2 to 6 at a so-called room temperature (25°C) .
  • An aqueous solution or alkoxysilane aqueous solution is made by mixing the organic silicon compound represented by the general formula (A) and the tetraalkoxysilane into the acid water.
  • the dehydrating condensation of the silanol is delayed, and thereby preventing the increase in viscosity of the alkoxysilane aqueous solution.
  • the acid water is prepared by dissolving organic acid or inorganic acid in water.
  • the acid is not particularly limited.
  • organic acids such as acetic acid, propionic acid, formic acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid, oxalic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, citric acid, malic acid and ascorbic acid
  • inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid and boric acid
  • acetic acid is preferable in view of handling properties.
  • the pH is preferably in the range from 2 to 6, and more preferably in the range from 2.5 to 5.5.
  • the alkoxysilane aqueous solution is prepared to contain 100 parts by weight (pts. wt.) of alkoxysilane (namely, a total of 100 pts. wt. of the organic silicon compound represented by the general formula (A) and the tetraalkoxysilane) and the acid water in an amount in the range from 60 pts. wt . to 2000 pts. wt.
  • the hydrolyzed aqueous solution of alkoxysilane is obtained.
  • This hydrolyzed aqueous solution has excellent hydrolytic properties, and the generated silanol remains stable.
  • a coating liquid prepared from such hydrolyzed aqueous solution has excellent stability even though it is water-based.
  • An amount of the acid water is more preferably in the range from 100 pts. wt. to 1500 pts. wt., and particularly preferably in the range from 150 pts. wt. to 1200 pts. wt . relative to 100 pts. wt. of the alkoxysilane or the total amount of the organic silicon compound represented by the general formula (A) and the tetraalkoxysilane.
  • the acid water is at least 60 pts. wt . relative to 100 pts. w.t.
  • the dehydrating condensation of the silanol generated by hydrolysis of the alkoxysilane is controlled, and thus gelation of the aqueous solution hardly occurs.
  • concentration of alkoxysilane in the coating liquid is not decreased, and therefore a coating amount is appropriate to form the hard coat layer 14 with a sufficient thickness. As a result, the thickness of the coating layer becomes even and a drying time of the coating layer is not prolonged.
  • a silane compound different from the organic silicon compound represented by the general formula (A) and the tetraalkoxysilane may be added to the coating liquid.
  • a water soluble hardening agent as a fourth component or constituent of the coating liquid for forming the hard coat layer promotes the dehydrating condensation of the silanol and formation of siloxane bonds.
  • Water soluble inorganic acid, water soluble organic acid, water soluble organic salt, water soluble inorganic salt, water soluble metal alkoxide, or water soluble metal complex can be used as the water soluble hardening agent.
  • inorganic acid examples include boric acid, phosphoric acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid and sulfuric acid.
  • Examples of the organic acid include acetic acid, formic acid, oxalic acid, citric acid, malic acid and ascorbic acid.
  • Examples of the organic salts include aluminum acetate, aluminum oxalate, zinc acetate, zinc oxalate, magnesium acetate, magnesium oxalate, zirconium acetate and zirconium oxalate.
  • Examples of the inorganic salts include aluminum chloride, aluminum sulfate, aluminum nitrate, zinc chloride, zinc sulfate, zinc nitrate, magnesium chloride, magnesium sulfate, magnesium nitrate, zirconium chloride, zirconium sulfate and zirconium nitrate.
  • metal alkoxides examples include aluminum alkoxide, titanium alkoxide and zirconium alkoxide.
  • metal complexes include aluminum acetylacetonate, aluminum ethylacetoacetate and titanium acetylacetonate and titanium ethylacetoacetate.
  • a compound containing boron such as boric acid, a compound containing phosphorus such as phosphoric acid, and a compound containing aluminum such as aluminum alkoxide and aluminum acetylacetonate are preferable in view of water solubility and stability in water, and at least one of them is preferably used as the hardening agent.
  • the hardening agent is preferably mixed and dissolved uniformly in the coating liquid. It is preferable that the hardening agent dissolves in water which is used as the solvent for the coating liquid of the present invention. When the hardening agent has high solubility in water, the hardening agent as solid matter does not remain after drying of the coating layer.
  • the hard coat layer 14 can have high transparency.
  • An amount of the hardening agent is preferably in the range from 0.1 pts. wt . to 20 pts. wt . , more preferably in the range from 0.5 pts. wt . to 10 pts. wt . , and particularly preferably in the range from 1 pts. wt. to 8 pts. wt . relative to 100 pts. wt . of alkoxysilane containing the organic silicon compound represented by the general formula (A) and the tetraalkoxysilane.
  • Colloidal silica may be contained in the coating liquid in addition to the above-described first to fourth components.
  • the colloidal silica is a colloid in which silicon dioxide or its hydrate is dispersed in water.
  • An average particle diameter of the colloidal particles is in the range from 3 nm to 50 nm, more preferably in the range from 4 nm to 40 nm, and particularly preferably in the range from 5 nm to 35 nm. Thereby, hardness of the hard coat layer 14 is further increased.
  • the average particle diameter of the colloidal particles is at least 3 nm, viscosity of the coating liquid is not increased, which requires no limitations for the coating conditions.
  • the average particle diameter is at most 50 nm, transparency of the light-diffusing sheet 10 is not impaired even if the light incident on the hard coat layer 14 scatter.
  • a pH of the colloidal silica has been adjusted to be in the range from 2 to 7 when the colloidal silica is added to the coating liquid.
  • the pH is 2 to 7
  • the silanol namely, the hydrolysate of the alkoxysilane has stability.
  • the dehydrating condensation reactions of the silanol is delayed, and thereby preventing the increase in viscosity of the coating liquid.
  • Water soluble or water dispersible polymer may be contained in the coating liquid in addition to the above components. Thereby, the hard coat layer 14 with the improved toughness can be formed. It is more preferable that the pH of the water soluble or water dispersible polymer has been adjusted to be in the range from 2 to 7 when the water soluble or water dispersible polymer is added to the coating liquid. When the pH is 2 to 7, the dehydrating condensation reactions of the silanol is delayed, which prevents the increase in viscosity of the coating liquid.
  • water soluble or water dispersible polymer to be added to the coating liquid include styrene butadiene copolymer, acrylonitrile butadiene polymer, polyurethane, ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, polyester, and acrylic polymer.
  • an ionic, for example, cationic, anionic or amphoteric (betainic) antistatic agent may be added to the coating liquid for forming the hard coat layer 14.
  • metal oxide particles such as tin oxide, indium oxide, zinc oxide, titanium dioxide, magnesium oxide, or antimony oxide may be used.
  • the ionic antistatic agent or the fine particles of the metal oxide may be contained in at least one of the coating liquid, the sheet base 11 and the adhesion layer 13.
  • a matting agent and/or wax may be added to the coating liquid for the hard coat layer 14.
  • Organic and inorganic materials may be used for the matting agent.
  • the usable materials include silica, calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, barium sulfate, polystyrene, polystyrene-divinyl benzene copolymer, polymethyl methacrylate, cross-linked polymethyl methacrylate, melamine, benzoguanamine and the like.
  • waxes include paraffin wax, microwax, polyethylene wax, polyester wax, carnauba wax, fatty acid, fatty acid amide, and metal soap.
  • a surfactant may be added to the coating liquid for the hard coat layer 14. Thereby, coating unevenness of the coating liquid on the sheet base 11 or the adhesion layer 13 is prevented. As a result, the hard coat layer 14 having the uniform thickness is formed on the sheet base 11 or the adhesion layer 13.
  • the type of surfactant is not particularly limited. Any aliphatic, aromatic or fluorine surfactant may be used.
  • the surfactant may be nonionic, anionic, or cationic.
  • the forming methods of the adhesion layer 13 and the hard coat layer 14 are not particularly limited. Any known coating device may be used as necessary. For example, the reverse-roll coater, the bar coater, or the curtain coater may be used.
  • the applied coating liquid is heated and dried such that the coating layer of the coating liquid on the sheet base 11 is heated to at least 160°C.
  • the coating layer contracts during the heating and hardening, due to dehydrating condensation of the silanol generated by the hydrolysis in the coating layer.
  • the sheet base 11 has the heat shrinkage rage as described above, the hard coat layer 14 can be formed without having cracks.
  • the coating layer is preferably heated to a temperature in the range from 160 °C to
  • the coating layer is at least 160 0 C, the coating layer is sufficiently hardened. As a result, the hard coat layer 14 can achieve sufficient hardness.
  • the coating layer can be formed without deformation of the sheet base 11 by heat.
  • the light-diffusing sheet of the present invention need not be provided with the hard coat layer 14 and the adhesion layer 13 if the other surface of the sheet base 11 is not required to have the resistance to damage.
  • a light-diffusing sheet 20 shown in Fig. 2 which is a second embodiment of the present invention, and has the sheet base 11 and the light-diffusing part 12 of double-layered structure formed on the sheet base 11. Unlike the light-diffusing sheet 10 shown in Fig. 1, the light-diffusing sheet 20 is not provided with the hard coat layer 14 and the adhesion layer 13, and the other surface of the sheet base 11 is exposed.
  • the light-diffusing part 12 of the light-diffusing sheet 20 may be a light incident surface or a light exit surface, but the light-diffusing part 12 is preferably the light-exit surface in view of ensuring the light-diffusing effect.
  • the light-diffusing part 12 of the light-diffusing sheet 10, 20 contains the fine particles
  • the sheet base 11, the adhesion layer 13 and the hard coat layer 14 do not contain any fine particles.
  • the layer which does not contain the fine particles preferably has a haze value of at most 10%.
  • the light-diffusing sheet 10, 20 may further contain additives.
  • the additives may be contained in any layer forming the light-diffusing sheet 10, 20, or in a layer additionally provided to the light-diffusing sheet 10, 20.
  • the additives may be contained in two or more layers. It is especially preferable that the additives are contained in the sheet base 11 which is thicker than other layers 12a, 12b, 13 and 14 so that sufficient effect can be obtained even with low concentration of the additives. In a case where an ultraviolet absorbent is used as the additive, which is described later, the ultraviolet absorbing effect can be sufficiently obtained even with low concentration of the ultraviolet absorbent.
  • the ultraviolet absorbent may be a first additive, and an anti-oxidizing agent which prevents oxidation caused by light and heat or a Hindered Amine Light Stabilizer (HALS) may be a second additive.
  • HALS Hindered Amine Light Stabilizer
  • the first and second additives may be contained in the different layers or in the same layer.
  • the light-diffusing sheet 10, 20 has at most 5% of transmittance of light with a wavelength of 410 ran. Many of the near-ultraviolet LEDs have an emission spectrum peak in wavelength at around 405 nm.
  • the light-diffusing sheet 10, 20 having at most 5% of transmittance of light with a wavelength of 410 nm sufficiently cuts not only lights with a wavelength of around 405 nm but also long-wavelength ultraviolet lights close to visible light. Owing to this, the near-ultraviolet light with a light intensity peak in wavelength at 405 nm can be effectively cut.
  • the sheet base 11 preferably has at most 5% of transmission of light with a wavelength of 410 nm and at least 80% of transmission of light with a wavelength of 440 nm, more preferably at most 4% of transmission of light with a wavelength of 410 nm and at least 80% of transmission of light with a wavelength of 440 nm, further more preferably at most 3% of transmission of light with a wavelength of 410 nm and at least 80% of transmission of light with a wavelength of 440 nm, and especially preferably at most 2% of transmission of light with a wavelength of 410 nm and at least 80% of transmission of light with a wavelength of 440 nm.
  • the sheet base 11 has at most 5% of transmittance of light with a wavelength of 410 nm, at least 70% of transmittance of light with a wavelength of 430 nm and at least 80% of transmittance of light with a wavelength of 440 nm; more preferably has at most 4% of transmittance of light with a wavelength of 410 nm, at least 70% of transmittance of light with a wavelength of 430 nm and at least 80% of transmittance of light with a wavelength of 440 nm; further more preferably has at most 3% of transmittance of light with a wavelength of 410 nm, at least 70% of transmittance of light with a wavelength of 430 nm and at least 80% of transmittance of light with a wavelength of 440 nm; and especially preferably has at most 2% of transmittance of light with a wavelength of 410 nm, at least 70% of transmittance of light with a wavelength of 430 nm and at least 80% of transmittance
  • the layer containing the first additive preferably satisfies the above-described transmission value.
  • the transmission of lights with wavelengths of 410 nm, 430 nm and 440 nm is measured using, for example, a spectrophotometer UV-3600 (trade name, manufactured by Shimadzu) .
  • a first ultraviolet absorbent is a compound whose maximum absorption wavelength is 400 nm or less, more preferably 350 nm or more and 400 nm or less, further more preferably 360 nm or more and 400 nm or less, and most preferably 370 nm or more and 400 nm or less in a solution in which the first ultraviolet absorbent is dissolved in a solvent.
  • a content of the first ultraviolet absorbent in the sheet base 11 is preferably in the range of 0.5 g/m 2 or more and 5 g/m 2 or less.
  • the content is a mass of the first ultraviolet absorbent per 1 m 2 of the light-diffusing sheet 10, 20 when seen from its normal direction.
  • the content of the first ultraviolet absorbent is more preferably in the range of 0.5 g/m 2 or more and 3 g/m 2 or less, further more preferably in the range of 0.5 g/m 2 or more and 2 g/m 2 or less, and especially preferably in the range of 0.5 g/m 2 or more and 1 g/m 2 or less.
  • the layer containing the first ultraviolet absorbent preferably satisfies the above-described content range.
  • the first ultraviolet absorbent is contained in two or more layers, a total content of the first ultraviolet absorbent in each of the layers having the first ultraviolet absorbent should satisfy the above-described content range.
  • a mass of the first ultraviolet absorbent in the sheet base 11 with respect to a total mass of the first ultraviolet absorbent and the resin forming the sheet base 11 is preferably in a rage of 0.05 mass % or more and 30 mass % or less, and more preferably in the range of 0.1 mass % or more and 20 mass % or less in terms of realization in sufficient ultraviolet absorbing effect of the light-diffusing sheet 10, 20 and uniform dispersion of the first ultraviolet absorbent in the sheet base 11.
  • the layer containing the first ultraviolet absorbent preferably satisfies the above-described mass range.
  • a total mass of the first ultraviolet absorbent in each of the layers having the first ultraviolet absorbent should satisfy the above-described mass range.
  • the solvent of the above-described solution which is used for measuring the maximum absorption wavelength may be a pure substance of a single compound or a mixture of two or more compounds .
  • Those compound used for forming the pure substance or the mixture may be inorganic or organic compound, and the mixture may contain both inorganic and organic compounds.
  • the organic compounds used as the solvent include, for example, amide-based solvents (e.g. N,N-dimethylformamide, N, N-dimethylacetamide and l-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) , sulfone-based solvents (e.g. sulfolane) , sulfoxide-based solvents (e.g. dimethylsulfoxide) , ureido-based solvents (e.g. tetramethylurea) , ether-based solvents (e.g. dioxane, tetrahydrofuran and cyclopentyl methyl ether), ketone-based solvents (e.g.
  • amide-based solvents e.g. N,N-dimethylformamide, N, N-dimethylacetamide and l-methyl-2-pyrrolidone
  • sulfone-based solvents e.g. sulfolane
  • hydrocarbon-based solvents e.g. toluene, xylene and n-decane
  • halogen-based solvents e.g. tetrachloroethane, chlorobenzene and chloronaphthalene
  • alcohol-based solvents e.g. methanol, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, cyclohexanol and phenol
  • pyridine-based solvents e.g. pyridine, ⁇ -picoline and 2, 6-lutidine
  • ester-based solvents e.g.
  • ethyl acetate and butyl acetate ethyl acetate and butyl acetate
  • carboxylic acid-based solvents e.g. acetic acid and propionic acid
  • nitrile-based solvents e.g. acetonitrile
  • sulfonic acid-based solvents e.g. methanesulfonic acid
  • amine-based solvents e.g. triethylamine and tributylamine
  • the inorganic compounds used as the solvent include, for example, sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid.
  • amide-based solvents in view of solubility, preferable are amide-based solvents, sulfone-based solvents, sulfoxide-base solvents, ureido-based solvents, ether-based solvents, ketone-based solvents, halogen-based solvents, alcohol-based solvents, ester-based solvents, and nitrile-based solvents. More preferable are amide-based solvents, ether-based solvents, ketone-based solvents, halogen-based solvents, alcohol-based solvents, ester-based solvents, and nitrile-based solvents. Further more preferable are ether-based solvents, halogen-based solvents, and ester-based solvents. Especially preferable is ester-based solvents. Among the ester-based solvents, ethyl acetate is most preferable as the solvent.
  • a concentration of the first ultraviolet absorbent in the above-described solution for measuring the maximum absorption wavelength is not particularly limited as long as the maximum absorption wavelength is measured, but preferably in the range of 1 x icr 8 mol/L or more and 1 mol/L or less.
  • a temperature of the solution during the measurement of the maximum absorption wavelength is not particularly limited, but is preferably in the range of 0°C or more and 80°C or less.
  • the first ultraviolet absorbent (same as compound A) is preferably a compound represented by the following formula (1) :
  • Het 1 is a bivalent 5- or 6-membered aromatic heterocyclic residue having at least one hetero atom, and includes fused one.
  • the hetero atom include a boron atom, a nitrogen atom, an oxygen atom, a silicon atom, a phosphorus atom, a sulfur atom, a selenium atom, and a tellurium atom.
  • preferable are a nitrogen atom, an oxygen atom and a sulfur atom
  • more preferable are a nitrogen atom and a sulfur atom
  • the hetero atoms may be the same as or different from each other.
  • aromatic heterocycle formed by adding two hydrogen atoms to bivalent aromatic heterocyclic residue examples include pyrrole, pyrazole, imidazole, 1, 2, 3-triazole, 1, 2, 4-triazole, pyridine, pyridazine, pyrimidine, pyrazine, 1, 3, 5-triazine, furane, thiophene, oxazole, isoxazole, thiazole, isothiazole, 1,2, 3-oxadiazole and 1, 3, 4-thiadiazole.
  • aromatic heterocycle preferable as the aromatic heterocycle are pyrrole, pyridine, furane and thiophene. More preferable are pyridine and thiophene. Especially preferable is thiophene.
  • the hydrogen atoms may be removed at arbitrary position of the aromatic heterocycle.
  • pyrrole which is a 5-membered heterocyclic compound
  • Pyridine which is a 6-membered heterocylic compound, is bonded at positions 2,3; 2,4; 2,5; 2,6; 3,4; 3,5 and 3,6.
  • Aromatic heterocyclic residue may have a monovalent substituent (hereinafter referred to as substituent R) .
  • substituent R a monovalent substituent
  • the monovalent substituent include a halogen atom (e.g., fluorine atom, chlorine atom, bromine atom, iodine atom), an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms (e.g. , methyl, ethyl) , an aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms (e.g.
  • phenyl, naphthyl , a cyano group, a carboxyl group, an alkoxycarbonyl group (e.g., methoxycarbonyl) , an aryloxycarbonyl group (e.g., phenoxycarbonyl) , a substituted or unsubstituted carbamoyl group (e.g., carbamoyl, N-phenylcarbamoyl, N,N-dimethylcarbamoyl) , an alkylcarbonyl group (e.g., acetyl), an arylcarbonyl group (e.g., benzoyl) , a nitro group, a substituted or unsubstituted amino group (e.g., amino, dimethylamino, anilino) , an acylamino group
  • an alkoxycarbonyl group e.g., methoxycarbonyl
  • an aryloxycarbonyl group e.
  • acetamido, ethoxycarbonylamino e.g., acetamido, ethoxycarbonylamino
  • a sulfonamido group e.g., methanesulfonamido
  • an imido group e.g., succinimido, phthalimido
  • an imino group e.g. , benzylideneamino
  • a hydroxy group an alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms (e.g., methoxy) , an aryloxy group (e.g., phenoxy)
  • an acyloxy group e .g.
  • acetoxy , an alkylsulfonyloxy group (e.g., methanesulfonyloxy) , an arylsulfonyloxy group (e.g., benzenesulfonyloxy) , a sulfo group, a substituted or unsubstituted sulfamoyl group (e.g.
  • sulfamoyl N-phenylsulfamoyl
  • an alkylthio group e.g., methylthio
  • an arylthio group e.g., phenylthio
  • an alkylsulfonyl group e.g., methansulfonyl
  • an arylsulfonyl group e.g., benzenesulfonyl
  • a heterocyclic group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms e . g. , pyridyl, morpholino
  • the substituent may be further susbstituted.
  • substituents may be the same as or different from each other.
  • the above-described monovalent substituent R is an example of the substituent.
  • the substituents may be bound together to form a ring.
  • Preferable substituents are an alkyl group, an alkoxy group and an aryl group. More preferable are an alkyl group and an aryl group, and especially preferable is an alkyl group.
  • R la , R lb , R lc , R ld , R le , R lf , R lg and R lh each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a monovalent substituent R. Any two substituents from R la to R ld and R le to R lh may be bound together to form a ring, or may further be fused.
  • R la to R lh include a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having at most 10 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having at most 10 carbon atoms and a hydroxyl group. More preferable are a hydrogen atom and an alkoxy group having at most 10 carbon atoms, and further more preferable is a hydrogen atom. It is especially preferable that all of R la to R lh are a hydrogen atom at the same time.
  • the compound represented by the above formula (1) is preferably a compound represented by the following formula (2 ) :
  • R 2a , R 2b , R 2c , R 2d , R 2e , R 2f , R 2g and R 2h has the same meaning as that of R la , R lb , R lc , R ld , R le , R lf , R lg and R lh , and preferable ranges thereof are also the same.
  • R 21 and R 2j each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a monovalent substituent.
  • the monomalent subsituten may be the above-described monovalanent substituent R.
  • R 21 and R 2j may be bound to form a ring, or may further be fused.
  • R 21 and R 2j include a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having at most 10 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having at most 10 carbon atoms and a hydroxyl group. More preferable are a hydrogen atom and an alkoxy group having at most 10 carbon atoms, and further more preferable is a hydrogen atom. It is especially preferable that both of R 21 and R 2 -* are a hydrogen atom at the same time.
  • the compounds represented by the formulae (1) and (2) can be synthesized according to any one of the methods described or cited in JP-A-2000-264879, p.4, left column, line 43 to right column, line 8; JP-A-2003-155375, p.4, right column, lines 5 to 30; Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry, 8, 2000, pp. 2095 to 2103; and Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters, 13, 2003, pp. 4077 to 4080.
  • the exemplified compound (15) may be synthesized by reaction of 3, 5-pyrazoledicarbonyl dichloride and anthranilic acid.
  • the exemplified compound (32) may be synthesized by reaction of 2, 5-thiophenedicarbonyl dichloride and 4, 5-dimethoxyanthranilic acid.
  • the compound represented by the formula (1) or (2) may have a tautomer, depending on its structure and the environment on which the compound is exposed. In the present specification, only a typical tautomer is described, but other tautomers different from those described in the specification are also included in the preferable tautomers of the present invention.
  • the compound represented by the formula (1) or (2) may include an isotope (e.g., 2 H, 3 H, 13 C, 15 N, 17 O, 18 O).
  • an isotope e.g., 2 H, 3 H, 13 C, 15 N, 17 O, 18 O.
  • Polymer having the compound represented by the formula (1) or (2) as a repeating unit may also be used.
  • Such polymer may be a homopolymer or a copolymer including two or more sorts of repeating units.
  • Examples of the polymer having the repeating unit and having the ultraviolet absorbing effect are disclosed in JP-B-1-53455, JP-A-61-189530 and European Patent Publication EP27,242. The methods for obtaining the above polymer can be referred from these publications.
  • a first ultraviolet absorbent made of the compound represented by the formula (1) or (2) is preferably used as what is called a long-wavelength ultraviolet absorbent which is capable of absorbing light having long wavelength.
  • a maximum wavelength of such long-wavelength ultraviolet absorbent is preferably in the range of 450 run to 350 nm, more preferably in the range of 410 nm to 350 nm, and especially preferably in the range of 390 nm to 350 nm.
  • the layer containing the first ultraviolet absorbent may preferably contain a second ultraviolet absorbent which is different from the first ultraviolet absorbent.
  • the sheet base 11 contains the second ultraviolet absorbent since the sheet base 11 contains the first ultraviolet absorbent .
  • An absorbance at 320 nm of the second ultraviolet absorbent is at least 20% of the absorbance at the maximum absorption wavelength of 270 nm or more and 400 nm or less, and the maximum absorption wavelength is at most 380 nm.
  • the absorbance at 320 nm of the second ultraviolet absorbent is more preferably at least 30% of the maximum absorption wavelength, further more preferably at least 40% of the same, and most preferably at least 50% of the same.
  • the second ultraviolet absorbent with the absorbance at 320 nm of at least 20% of the absorbance at the maximum absorption wavelength can absorb the light in the wavelength range of 310 nm to 330 nm more efficiently, together with the first ultraviolet absorbent.
  • the maximum absorption wavelength of the second ultraviolet absorbent is preferably 250 nm or more and 380 nm or less, more preferably 250 nm or more and 370 nm or less, further more preferably 250 nm or more and 365 nm or less, and most preferably 250 nm or more and 350 nm or less.
  • the second ultraviolet absorbent includes an ultraviolet absorbent B-(I) whose maximum absorption wavelength is less than 320 nm and an ultraviolet absorbent B- (2 ) whose maximum absorption wavelength is 320 nm or more and 380 nm or less.
  • the ultraviolet absorbent B- (1) and ultraviolet absorbent B- (2) may appropriately be selected in accordance with their end-use.
  • the ultraviolet absorbent B-(I) is used when another component which absorbs short-wavelength ultraviolet light is not present, such as when the base material itself does not absorb ultraviolet light.
  • the ultraviolet absorbent B-(I) which effectively absorbs lights with short-wavelengths prevents such film from the ultraviolet light without using additional short-wavelength ultraviolet absorbing filter .
  • the use of the ultraviolet absorbent B-(I) may achieve an unexpected effect such as improvement in solubility of the first ultraviolet absorbent to the resin and improvement in light fastness.
  • the ultraviolet absorbent B- (2) is capable of improving the light-shielding properties of the light-diffusing sheets 10, 20 to the light of around 320 nm, and is capable of efficiently absorbing a short-wavelength ultraviolet range of 300 nm or less. However, it is sometimes difficult for the ultraviolet absorbent B- (2) to absorb the short-wavelength ultraviolet range. Accordingly, it is especially preferable that the ultraviolet absorbent B- (2) is used when another component which absorbs short-wavelength ultraviolet light is present, such as when the base material itself absorbs short-wavelength ultraviolet light of around 300 nm.
  • the second ultraviolet absorbent may have any structure as long as the following conditions are satisfied: the absorbance at 320 nm of the second ultraviolet absorbent is at least 20% of the absorbance at the maximum absorption wavelength, and the maximum absorption wavelength is at most 380 nm.
  • ultraviolet absorbing structures such as benzotriazole-based, triazine-based, benzophenone-based, merocyanine-based, cyanine-based, dibenzoylmethane-based, cinnamic acid-based, acrylate-based, benzoate ester-based, oxalic diamide-based, formamidine-based, and benzoxazinone-based compounds.
  • benzotriazole-based, triazine-based, benzophenone-based, dibenzoylmethane-based, formamidine-based, and benzoxazinone-based compounds are preferable. Further more preferable are benzotriazole-based, triazine-based, benzophenone-based, formamidine-based, and benzoxazinone-based compounds. Most preferable are benzotriazole-based, triazine-based, and benzoxazinone-based compounds. Specific examples thereof are described, for example, in Fine Chemicals, 2004, May, pp. 28 to 38; Toray Research Center Inc., Technical Survey Dept .
  • the benzotriazole-based compound is preferably a compound having an effective absorption wavelength of approximately 270 nm to 380 nm that is represented by formula (Ha) or (lib) .
  • the compound represented by formula (Ha) or (lib) will be described in detail.
  • Rn represents a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group
  • R 12 represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group
  • R 13 represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group, or -COORi 4 group (herein, Ri 4 represents a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group) .
  • Rn is preferably a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having
  • the substituted alkyl group, the substituted cycloalkyl group and the substituted aryl group each are referred to as an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group and an aryl group, each of which has a monovalent substituent at an arbitrary position thereof, respectively.
  • Examples of the monovalent substituent include a halogen atom (e.g., a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom and an iodine atom) , a straight-chain or branched alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms (preferably 1 to 10 carbon atoms) (e. g.
  • a halogen atom e.g., a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom and an iodine atom
  • a straight-chain or branched alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms (preferably 1 to 10 carbon atoms) e. g.
  • methyl, ethyl an aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms (preferably 6 to 10 carbon atoms) (e.g., phenyl, naphthyl) , a cyano group, a carboxyl group, an alkoxycarbonyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms (preferably 1 to 10 carbon atoms) (e.g., methoxycarbonyl) , an aryloxycarbonyl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms (preferably 6 to 10 carbon atoms) (e.g., phenoxycarbonyl) , a substituted or unsubstituted carbamoyl group having 0 to 20 carbon atoms (preferably 0 to 10 carbon atoms) (e.g., carbamoyl, N-phenylcarbamoyl, N,N-dimethylcarbamoyl) , an alkylcarbonyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms (preferably 1 to 10 carbon atoms) (e.g
  • acetyl an arylcarbonyl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms (preferably 6 to 10 carbon atoms) (e.g. , benzoyl) , a nitro group, a substituted or unsubstituted amino group having 0 to 20 carbon atoms (preferably 0 to 10 carbon atoms) (e.g., amino, dimethylamino, anilino) , and an acylamino group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms (preferably 1 to 10 carbon atoms) (e.g., acetamido, ethoxycarbonylamino) .
  • arylcarbonyl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms (preferably 6 to 10 carbon atoms) (e.g. , benzoyl)
  • a nitro group e.g., a substituted or unsubstituted amino group having 0 to 20 carbon atoms (preferably 0 to 10 carbon atoms) (e.g., amino, dimethylamino
  • Examples of the monovalent substituent further include a sulfonamido group having 0 to 20 carbon atoms (preferably 0 to 10 carbon atoms) (e.g., methanesulfonamido) , an imido group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms (preferably 2 to 10 carbon atoms) (e.g., succinimido, phthalimido) , an imino group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms (preferably 1 to 10 carbon atoms) (e.g.
  • benzylideneamino , a hydroxy group, an alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms (preferably 1 to 10 carbon atoms) (e.g., methoxy) , an aryloxy group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms (preferably 6 to 10 carbon atoms) (e.g., phenoxy) , an acyloxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms (preferably 1 to 10 carbon atoms) (e.g., acetoxy) , an alkylsulfonyloxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms (preferably 1 to 10 carbon atoms) (e.g., methanesulfonyloxy) , an arylsulfonyloxy group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms (preferably 6 to 10 carbon atoms) (e.g., benzenesulfonyloxy) , a sulfo group, a substituted or unsubstituted sulfamoyl
  • N-phenylsulfamoyl N-phenylsulfamoyl
  • an alkylthio group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms preferably 1 to 10 carbon atoms
  • an arylthio group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms preferably 6 to 10 carbon atoms
  • Ri 2 is preferably a hydrogen atom, a chlorine atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl group having 5 to 18 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 24 carbon atoms; and particularly preferably a hydrogen atom, a chlorine atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 24 carbon atoms.
  • Ri 3 is preferably a hydrogen atom, a chlorine atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, or -COORi 4 group (herein, R 14 represents a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms or a substituted, or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 24 carbon atoms) .
  • Rn and R 12 may be substituted at an arbitrary position of the benzene ring.
  • the substitution at 2- or 4-position to the hydroxyl group is preferable.
  • T represents a hydrogen atom or a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group.
  • Ti represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group.
  • L represents a divalent linking group or a single bond, m represents 0 or 1.
  • n represents an integer of 1 to 4.
  • T 2 represents a halogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group.
  • T 2 represents a divalent substituent.
  • T 2 represents a trivalent substituent.
  • T 2 represents a tetravalent substituent.
  • T is preferably a hydrogen atom or a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms.
  • Tl is preferably a hydrogen atom, a chlorine atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 24 carbon atoms or substituted or an alkoxy group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms.
  • -L- represents a divalent linking group or a single bond
  • m represents 0 or 1.
  • m is 0 (zero) means that T2 directly bonds with the benzene ring without involving L, that is -L- represents a single bond.
  • the divalent linking group -L- is explained.
  • -L- is a divalent substituent represented by the following general formula (a) :
  • ml to m5 each represent an integer of 0 to 2.
  • Li to L 5 each independently represent -CO-, -0-, -SO 2 -, -SO-, -NR L -, a substituted or unsubstituted divalent alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted divalent alkenyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted divalent aryl group.
  • R L represents a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group.
  • R L examples include a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, a hexyl group, an octyl group, a phenyl group, and a naphthyl group.
  • the group may be substituted with one or more monovalent substituents at any position of the alkyl or aryl group.
  • the monovalent substituent is, for example, the monovalent substituent described above.
  • R L is preferably a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms; and more preferably a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms .
  • Preferred examples of the divalent substituent -L- include -0-CO-C 2 H 4 -CO-O-, -0-CO-C 3 H 6 -, -NH-CO-C 3 H 6 -CO-NH-, -NH-CO-C 4 H 8 -, -CH 2 -, -C 2 H 4 -, -C 3 H 6 -, -C 4 H 8 -, -C 5 Hi 0 -, -C 8 Hi 6 -, -C 4 H 8 -CO-O-, -C 6 H 4 -C 6 H 4 - and -NH-SO 2 -C 3 H 6 -.
  • n represents an integer of 1 to 4.
  • T 2 represents a halogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group.
  • T 2 is preferably a chlorine atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 24 carbon atoms .
  • T 2 represents a divalent substituent.
  • examples of T 2 include the same examples as the above-described divalent substituent -L-.
  • T 2 is preferably -CH 2 -, -0-CO-C 2 H 4 -CO-O-, or -NH-CO-C 3 H 6 -CO-NH-.
  • T 2 represents a trivalent substituent.
  • the trivalent substituent is explained. Specifically, the trivalent substituent is a trivalent alkyl group, a trivalent aryl group or a substituent represented by the following formula:
  • the trivalent substituent is preferably a trivalent alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, a trivalent aryl group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms or a substituent represented by the following formula:
  • T 2 represents a tetravalent substituent.
  • the tetravalent substituent is explained. Specifically, the tetravalent substituent is a tetravalent alkyl group or a tetravalent aryl group. Among the tetravalent substituents, a tetravalent alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms and a tetravalent aryl group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms are preferable.
  • T is a hydrogen atom, or a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms
  • Ti is a hydrogen atom, a chlorine atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 24 carbon atoms, or an alkoxy group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms
  • L is -0-CO-C 3 H 6 -, -CH 2 -, -C 3 H 6 -, -C 5 Hi 0 -, -C 8 Hi 6 -, -NH-CO-C 4 H 8 - or a single bond
  • T 2 is a chlorine atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 24 carbon atoms.
  • T is a hydrogen atom, or a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms
  • Ti is a hydrogen atom, a chlorine atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 24 carbon atoms, or an alkoxy group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms
  • L is -CH 2 - or a single bond
  • T 2 is -CH 2 -, -0-CO-C 2 H 4 -CO-O- or NH-CO-C 3 H 6 -CO-NH-.
  • T is a hydrogen atom, or a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms
  • Ti is a hydrogen atom, a chlorine atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having
  • T 2 is -CH 2 -, -0-CO-C 2 H 4 -CO-O-, or -NH-CO-C 3 H 6 -CO-NH-.
  • the triazine-based compound is preferably a compound having an effective absorption wavelength of approximately 270 to 380 nm that is represented by formula (III).
  • the substituent Yis each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group;
  • Lf represents a divalent linking group or a single bond;
  • u represents
  • Y 2 represents a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group; and when u is 2, Y 2 represents a divalent substituent.
  • YiS each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group.
  • Yi is preferably a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 24 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms.
  • Lf represents a divalent linking group or a single bond.
  • u represents 1 or 2.
  • r represents an integer of 1 to 3.
  • v represents 0 or 1.
  • Lf represents a single bond.
  • the divalent linking group -Lf- is explained.
  • the divalent linking group -Lf- is a divalent substituent represented by the following general formula (b) :
  • mf1 to mf5 each represent an integer of 0 to 2.
  • Lfi to Lf 5 each independently represent -CO-, -0-, -SO 2 -, -SO-, -NRf L -, a substituted or unsubstituted divalent alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted divalent alkenyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted divalent aryl group.
  • Rf L represents a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group.
  • Rf L examples include a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, a hexyl group, an octyl group, a phenyl group, and a naphthyl group .
  • the group may be substituted with one or more monovalent substituents at any position of the alkyl or aryl groups .
  • the monovalent substituent is, for example, the monovalent substituent described above.
  • Rf L is preferably a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms; and more preferably a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms .
  • Preferred examples of the divalent substituent -Lf- include -0-CO-C 2 H 4 -CO-O-, -0-CO-C 3 H 6 -, -NH-CO-C 3 H 6 -CO-NH-, -NH-CO-C 4 H 8 -, -CH 2 -, -C 2 H 4 -, -C 3 H 6 -, —C 4 Hg-, —C 5 H 10 -, —CsHi 6 -, —C 4 H 8 -CO-O-, -C 6 H 4 -C 6 H 4 - and -NH-SO 2 -C 3 H 6 -.
  • Y 2 represents a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group.
  • Y 2 is preferably a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 24 carbon atoms.
  • Y 2 represents a divalent substituent.
  • the divalent substituent include the same examples as the aforementioned divalent substituent -L-.
  • Y 2 is preferably a substituted or unsubstituted divalent alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted divalent alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted divalent aryl group,
  • Yn represents a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group, phenylene group, or -phenylene-M-phenylene- (wherein, M represents -0-, -S-, -SO 2 -, -CH 2 - or -C(CH 3 J 2 -).
  • Yi 2 represents a substituted or unsubstituted divalent alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted divalent alkenyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted divalent aryl group.
  • Yi 3 represents a substituted or unsubstituted divalent alkyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted divalent aryl group.
  • Yi 4 represents a substituted or unsubstituted divalent alkyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted divalent aryl group.
  • Y 2 is preferably a substituted or unsubstituted divalent alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted divalent aryl group having 6 to 24 carbon atoms, -CH 2 CH(OH)CH 2 -O-CH 2 -OCH 2 CH(OH)CH 2 -,
  • the benzophenone-based compound is preferably a compound having an effective absorption wavelength of approximately 270 nm to 380 nm that is represented by formula (IVa) or (IVb) .
  • Xi and X 2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkylsulfonyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted arylsulfonyl group, a sulfonic acid group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyloxycarbonyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryloxycarbonyl group or a substituted or unsubstituted amino group; and si and s2 each independently represent an integer of 1 to 3.
  • Xi represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkylsulfonyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted arylsulfonyl group, a sulfonic acid group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyloxycarbonyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryloxycarbonyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted amino group;
  • si represents an integer of 1 to 3
  • Lg represents a divalent substituent or a single bond
  • w represents 0 or 1
  • tb represents 1 or 2; and when tb is 1, X 3 represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkylsulfonyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted arylsulfonyl group, a sulfonic acid group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyloxycarbonyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryloxycarbonyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted amino group; and when tb is 2, X 3 represents a divalent substituent.
  • Xi and X 2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkylsulfonyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted arylsulfonyl group, a sulfonic acid group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyloxycarbonyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryloxycarbonyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted amino group.
  • Xi and X 2 each are preferably a hydrogen atom, a chlorine atom, a hydroxyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 24 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, an alkyloxycarbonyl group having 2 to 18 carbon atoms, an aryloxycarbonyl group having 7 to 24 carbon atoms, a sulfonic acid group or a substituted or unsubstituted, amino group having 1 to 16 carbon atoms; and particularly preferably a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, a sulfonic acid group or a substituted or unsubstituted amino group having 1 to 16 carbon atoms .
  • tb is 1 or 2
  • w is 0 or 1
  • si is an integer of 1 to 3.
  • the substituent X x represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkylsulfonyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted arylsulfonyl group, a sulfonic acid group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyloxycarbonyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryloxycarbonyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted amino group.
  • Xi is preferably a hydrogen atom, a chlorine atom, a hydroxyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 24 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyloxycarbonyl group having 2 to 18 carbon atoms, an aryloxycarbonyl group having 7 to 24 carbon atoms, a sulfonic acid group or a substituted or unsubstituted amino group having 1 to 16 carbon atoms; and particularly preferably a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, a sulfonic acid group or a substituted, or unsubstituted amino group having 1 to 16 carbon atoms.
  • -Lg- represents a divalent linking group or a single bond
  • w represents an integer of 0 or 1.
  • w is 0 (zero) means that X 3 directly bonds with the benzene ring without involving Lg, that is, -Lg- represents a single bond.
  • the divalent linking group -Lg- is explained.
  • the divalent linking group Lg is a divalent substituent represented by the following general formula (c) :
  • mgl, mg2, mg3, mg4 and mg5 each represent an integer of 0 to 2.
  • Lgi, Lg 2 , Lg 3 , Lg 4 and Lg 5 each independently represent —CO—, —0—, -SO 2 -, —SO—, —NRg L -, a substituted or unsubstituted divalent alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted divalent alkenyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted divalent aryl group.
  • Rg L represents a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group.
  • Rg L examples include a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, a hexyl group, an octyl group, a phenyl group and a naphthyl group.
  • the group may be substituted with one or more monovalent substituents at any position of the alkyl or aryl groups.
  • the monovalent substituent is, for example, the monovalent substituent described above.
  • Rg L is preferably a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms; and more preferably a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms .
  • divalent substituent -Lg- include -O—, -0-CO-C 2 H 4 -CO-O-, -0-C 4 H 8 -O-, -0-CO-C 3 H 6 -, -NH-CO-C 3 H 6 -CO-NH-, -NH-CO-C 4 H 8 -, -CH 2 -, -C 2 H 4 -, -C 3 H 6 -, -C 4 H 8 -, -C 5 H 10 -, -C 8 Hi 6 -, -C 4 H 8 -CO-O-, -C 6 H 4 -C 6 H 4 -, and -NH-SO 2 -C 3 H 6 -.
  • X 3 represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkylsulfonyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted arylsulfonyl group, a sulfonic acid group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyloxycarbonyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryloxycarbonyl group or a substituted or unsubstituted amino group.
  • X 3 is preferably a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a chlorine atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 24 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyloxycarbonyl group having 2 to 18 carbon atoms, an aryloxycarbonyl group having 7 to 24 carbon atoms, a sulfonic acid group, or a substituted or unsubstituted amino group having 1 to 16 carbon atoms.
  • X 3 is particularly preferably a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, a sulfonic acid group, or a substituted or unsubstituted amino group having 1 to 16 carbon atoms .
  • X 3 represents a divalent substituent.
  • examples of X 3 include the same examples as the above-described divalent substituent -L-.
  • X 3 is preferably -CH 2 -, -C 4 H 8 -, -0-C 4 H 8 -O-, -0-CO-C 2 H 4 -CO-O-, or -NH-CO-C 3 H 6 -CO-NH-.
  • tb is particularly preferably 1. That is, the component of formula (IVb) is preferable combined as follows.
  • Xi is a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, a sulfonic acid group, or a substituted or unsubstituted amino group having 1 to 16 carbon atoms;
  • Lg is -O-, -0-CO-C 2 H 4 -CO-O-, -0-C 4 H 8 -O-, -0-CO-C 3 H 6 -, -NH-CO-C 3 H 6 -CO-NH-, -NH-CO-C 4 -H 8 -, -CH 2 -, -C 2 H 4 -, -C 3 H 6 -, -C 4 H 8 -, —C 5 H 10 —, -C 8 Hi 6 -, -C 4 H 8 -CO-O-, -C 6 H 4 -C 6 H 4 -, -NH-SO
  • Xi is a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, a sulfonic acid group, or a substituted or unsubstituted amino group having 1 to 16 carbon atoms;
  • Lg is -O-, -0-CO-C 2 H 4 -CO-O-, -0-C 4 H 8 -O-, -0-CO-C 3 H 6 -, -NH-CO-C 3 H 6 -CO-NH-, -NH-CO-C 4 H 8 -, -CH 2 -, -C 2 H 4 -, -C 3 H 6 -, -C 4 H 8 -,
  • X 3 is -CH 2 -, -C 4 H 8 -, -0-C 4 H 8 -O-, -0-CO-C 2 H 4 -CO-O-, or
  • benzophenone-based compound examples include 2, 4-dihydroxybenzophenone,
  • the benzotriazole-based compound is preferably a compound having an effective absorption wavelength of approximately 270 to 380 nm that is represented by formula (V) .
  • R 1 represents a substituent and ni represents an integer of 0 to 4; and R 2 represents a n 2 -valent substituent or linking group, and ⁇ . 2 represents an integer of 1 to 4.
  • R x represents a substituent, and examples thereof are same as those given as the examples of substituents of alkyl part of a substituted alkyl group, a substituted alkenyl group, a substituted alkynyl group, and a substituted aralkyl group.
  • Ri include a halogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, an aryl group, a cyano group, a hydroxyl group, a nitoro group, a carboxyl group, an alkoxy group, an aryloxy group, a silyloxy group, a heterocyclic oxy group, an acyloxy group, a carbamoyl oxy group, an alkoxycarbonyl oxy group, an aryloxycarbonyl oxy group, an amino group, an acylamino group, an aminocarbonylamino group, an alkoxycarbonylamino group, an aryloxycarbonylamino group, a sulfamoylamino group, an alkyl- or aryl-sulfonylamino group, a mercapto group, an alkylthio group, an arylthio group, a heterocyclic thio group,
  • a halogen atom an alkyl group, an aryl group, a cyano group, a hydroxyl group, a nitoro group, a carboxyl group, an alkoxy group, an aryloxy group, a silyloxy group, a heterocyclic oxy group, an acyloxy group, a carbamoyl oxy group, an amino group, an acylamino group, an aminocarbonylamino group, an alkoxycarbonylamino group, an aryloxycarbonylamino group, a sulfamoylamino group, an alkyl- or aryl-sulfonylamino group, a mercapto group, an alkylthio group, an arylthio group, a heterocyclic thio group, a sulfamoyl group, a sulfo group, an alkyl- or aryl-sulfinyl group, an alkylthio
  • a halogen atom an alkyl group, an aryl group, a hydroxyl group, an alkoxy group, an aryloxy group, an amino group, a mercapto group, an alkylthio group, an arylthio group, a sulfamoyl group, a sulfo group, an alkyl- or aryl-sulfinyl group, and an alkyl- or aryl-sulfonyl group; still more preferably a halogen atom, an alkyl group, an aryl group, an alkoxy group, an aryloxy group, an alkylthio group, and an arylthio group;
  • a halogen atom an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an aryloxy group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkylthio group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and an arylthio group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms;
  • a halogen atom an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an aryloxy group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkylthio group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and an arylthio group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms;
  • a chlorine atom preferably a chlorine atom, a fluorine atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms .
  • ni is preferably 0 to 3, more preferably 0 to 2, further more preferably 0 or 1, and most preferably 0. That is, the benzene ring which has no substituent is most preferable.
  • R 2 represents a n 2 -valent substituent or linking group, and examples thereof are same as those given as the examples of substituents of alkyl part of a substituted alkyl group, a substituted alkenyl group, a substituted alkynyl group, and a substituted aralkyl group.
  • the linking group is a substituent with at least one additional bond.
  • R 2 include an aliphatic group, an aromatic group, and linking groups thereof having at least one additional bond;
  • an alkyl group more preferably an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, an aryl group, and 2 to 4-valent linking group thereof; still more preferable are an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an aryl group, and 2 to 3-valent linking group thereof;
  • ⁇ . 2 is preferably 1 to 3, more preferably 2 to 3, and most preferably 2.
  • a typical example of the benzoxazinone-based compound is 2,2'- (p-phenylene) di-3, l-benzoxazin-4-one.
  • the salicylic acid-based compound above is preferably a compound having an effective absorption wavelength of approximately 290 nm to 330 nm, and typical examples thereof include phenyl salicylate, 4-t-butylphenyl salicylate, 4-octylphenyl salicylate, dibenzoyl resorcinol, bis (4-t-butylbenzoyl) resorcinol, benzoyl resorcinol, 2, 4-di-t-butylphenyl 3, 5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxysalicylate, and hexadecyl 3, 5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxysalicylate.
  • the acrylate-based compound above is preferably a compound having an effective absorption wavelength of approximately 270 nm to 350 nm, and typical examples thereof include 2-ethylhexyl
  • the oxalic diamide-based compound above is preferably a compound having an effective absorption wavelength of approximately 250 nm to 350 nm, and typical examples thereof include 4,4' -dioctyloxyoxanilide, 2,2' -dioctyloxy-5, 5' -di-t-butyloxanilide,
  • the second ultraviolet absorbent is a compound selected from the following compound group B.
  • the compound group B includes the following compounds (II-l) to (V-I) .
  • the compound (II-l) has the following structure, and is commercially available as trade name Tinuvin 328 (manufactured by Ciba Specialty Chemicals) .
  • the compound (II-2) has the following structure, and is commercially available as trade name Tinuvin 326 (manufactured by Ciba Specialty Chemicals) .
  • the compound (II-3) has the following structure, and is commercially available as trade name Tinuvin 329 (manufactured by Ciba Specialty Chemicals) .
  • the compound (II-4) has the following structure, and is commercially available as trade name Tinuvin 109 (manufactured by Ciba Specialty Chemicals) .
  • the compound (II-5) has the following structure, and is commercially available as trade name Tinuvin 171 (manufactured by Ciba Specialty Chemicals) .
  • the compound (II-6) has the following structure, and is commercially available as trade name Tinuvin PS (manufactured by Ciba Specialty Chemicals) .
  • the compound (II-7) has the following structure, and is commercially available as trade name Tinuvin 928 (manufactured by Ciba Specialty Chemicals) .
  • the compound (II-8) has the following structure, and is commercially available as trade name Tinuvin P (manufactured by Ciba Specialty Chemicals) .
  • the compound (II-9) has the following structure, and is commercially available as trade name Tinuvin 234 (manufactured by Ciba Specialty Chemicals) .
  • the compound (11-10) has the following structure, and is commercially available as trade name Tinuvin 360 (manufactured by Ciba Specialty Chemicals) .
  • the compound (III-l) has the following structure, and is commercially available as trade name Tinuvin 460 (manufactured by Ciba Specialty Chemicals) .
  • the compound (III-2) has the following structure, and is commercially available as trade name Cyasorb UV-116 (manufactured by CYTEC Company Ltd.).
  • the compound (III-3) has the following structure, and is commercially available as trade name Tinuvin 405 (manufactured by Ciba Specialty Chemicals) .
  • the compound (III-4) has the following structure, and is commercially available as trade name Tinuvin 1577 (manufactured by Ciba Specialty Chemicals) .
  • the compound (III-5) has the following structure, and is commercially available as trade name Tinosorb S (manufactured by Ciba Specialty Chemicals) .
  • the compound (IV-I) has the following structure, and is commercially available as trade name Uvinul A plus (manufactured by BASF Japan Ltd. ) .
  • the compound (IV-2) has the following structure, and is commercially available as trade name Uvinul 3049 (manufactured by BASF Japan Ltd.).
  • the compound (IV-3) has the following structure, and is commercially available as trade name Visorb 110.(manufactured by KYODO CHEMICAL CO., LTD.).
  • the compound (IV-4) has the following structure, and is commercially available as trade name Seesorb 151 (manufactured by SHIPRO KASEI KAISHA LTD.).
  • the compound (IV-5) has the following structure, and is commercially available as trade name Chimassorb 81 (manufactured by Ciba Specialty Chemicals) .
  • the compound (IV-6) has the following structure, and is commercially available as trade name Uvinul MS40 (manufactured by BASF Japan Ltd.) .
  • the compound (IV-7) has the following structure, and is commercially available as trade name Uvinul 3050 (manufactured by BASF Japan Ltd.) .
  • the compound (V-I) has the following structure, and is commercially available as trade name CYasorb UV-3638 (manufactured by CYTEC Company Ltd.).
  • the first ultraviolet absorbent and the second ultraviolet absorbent may be used independently from each other, or may be connected with each other previously or by binding with each other in a composition. Further, a polymerizable group may be bound with each of the first ultraviolet absorbent and the second ultraviolet absorbent to form a monomer, and each of the monomers may be polymerized to form a copolymer including the first ultraviolet absorbent or the second ultraviolet absorbent as a unit structure. It is also possible to from a copolymer by using other monomers the first ultraviolet absorbent and the second ultraviolet absorbent are not connected.
  • a preferable embodiment is that a composition is constructed by monomers, and a copolymer is formed by polymerization of the monomers at a desired . time.
  • the second additive is explained.
  • the second additive is represented by any one of the following formulae (TS-I) to (TS-V).
  • the compound represented by any one of the formulae (TS-I) to (TS-V) functions as a light stabilizer capable of preventing the resin from being decomposed.
  • the first ultraviolet absorbent represented by the formula (1) not only the light stability of the composition itself is improved, but also the first ultraviolet absorbent is stabilized, and thereby the long-wavelength ultraviolet absorption capability of the first ultraviolet absorbent can be maintained over a long period of time.
  • R 91 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group (including a cyclic alkyl group such as a cycloalkyl group, a bicycloalkyl group and a tricycloalkyl group) , an alkenyl group (including a cyclic alkenyl group such as a cycloalkenyl group, a bicycloalkenyl group and a tricycloalkenyl group) , an aryl group, a heterocyclic group, an acyl group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, an aryloxycarbonyl group, an alkyl sulfonyl group (including a cyclic alkyl sulfonyl group such as a cycloalklyl sulfonyl group, a bicycloalklyl sulfonyl group and a tricycloalklyl sulfonyl group), an aryl sulfonyl group), an
  • Rg 7 , R98/ and Rgg which may be the same as or different from each other, each independently represent an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an aryl group, an alkoxy group, an alkenyloxy group, or an aryloxy group.
  • —X91— represents—0—, -S-, or—N— (Rioo) ⁇ / in which R ⁇ oo has the same meaning as R 9 1.
  • Rg 2 , Rg 3 , R 9 4, R 95 and Rge which may be the same as or different from each other, each independently represent a hydrogen atom, or a substituent.
  • Rgi, Rg 2 , R 93 , R 94 , R 95 , R 96 and Rioo cannot simultaneously represent a hydrogen atom, respectively, and the total number of carbon atoms is 10 or more.
  • the aliphatic moiety may be straight chain-like, branched chain-like, or cyclic, and saturated or unsaturated.
  • the aliphatic moiety include alkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl, and cycloalkenyl moieties, each of which may be non-substituted, or substituted with a substituent.
  • the aryl moiety may be a single ring or a fused ring, each of which may be non-substituted, or substituted with a substituent.
  • the heterocyclic moiety contains a hetero atom (for example, a nitrogen atom, a sulfur atom, an oxygen atom) in the ring, and may be a saturated ring, or an unsaturated ring, and may be a single ring or a fused ring, each of which may be non-substituted, or substituted with a substituent .
  • the substituent may bind with a hetero atom, or a carbon atom in the ring.
  • the substituent used in the present invention is not particularly limited, as long as it is a replaceable group.
  • Examples thereof include an aliphatic group, an aryl group, a heterocyclic group, an acyl group, an acyloxy group, an acyl amino group, an aliphatic oxy group, an aryloxy group, a heterocyclic oxy group, an aliphatic oxycarbonyl group, an aryloxycarbonyl group, a heterocyclic oxycarbonyl group, a carbamoyl group, an aliphatic sulfonyl group, an arylsulfonyl group, a heterocyclic sulfonyl group, an aliphatic sulfonyloxy group, an arylsulfonyloxy group, a heterocyclic sulfonyloxy group, a sulfamoyl group, an aliphatic sulfonamido group, an arylsulf
  • R 91 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group (including a cyclic alkyl group such as a cycloalkyl group, a bicycloalkyl group and a tricycloalkyl group, e.g., a methyl group, an i-propyl group, a s-butyl group, a dodecyl group, a methoxyethoxy group and a benzyl group) , an alkenyl group
  • a cyclic alkenyl group such as a cycloalkenyl group, a bicycloalkenyl group, and a tricycloalkenyl group, e.g., an allyl group
  • an aryl group e.g., a phenyl group, a p-methoxyphenyl group
  • a heterocyclic group e.g., a 2-tetrahydrofuryl group, a pyranyl group
  • an acyl group e.g., an acetyl group, a pivaloyl group, a benzoyl group, an acryloyl group
  • an alkyl- or alkenyl-oxycarbonyl group e.g., a methoxycarbonyl group, a hexadecyloxycarbonyl group
  • an aryloxycarbonyl group e.g., a phenoxycarbonyl group, a p-methoxyphenoxy
  • Rg 7 , Rgsr and R99 may be the same as or different from each other.
  • R 97 , Rg ⁇ , and Rgg each represent an alkyl group (e.g., a methyl group, an ethyl group, a t-butyl group, a benzyl group), an alkenyl group (e.g., an allyl group), an aryl group (e.g., a phenyl group), an alkoxy group (e.g., a (e.g., a methyl group, an ethyl group, t-butyl group, an octyl group, a methoxyethoxy group) a butoxy group) , an alkenyloxy group (e.g., an allyloxy group) or an aryloxy group (e.g., a phenoxy group) .
  • the group is a phosphinotolyl group or a phosphinyl group because these groups are inferior in solubility in a solvent and compatibility with a polymer
  • —X91— represents —O—, —S— or —N (—R100)—• R100 has the same meaning as that of R 91 , and preferable ranges thereof are also the same.
  • R92, R93, R 9 4, R 95 and R9 6 which may be the same as or different from each other, each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a substituent.
  • substituents include a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group (including a cyclic alkyl group such as a cycloalkyl group, a bicycloalkyl group and a tricycloalkyl group) , an alkenyl group (including a cyclic alkenyl group such as a cycloalkenyl group, a bicycloalkenyl group and a tricycloalkenyl group) , an alkynyl group, an aryl group, a heterocyclic group, a cyano group, a hydroxyl group, a nitro group, a carboxyl group, an alkoxy group, an aryloxy group, a silyloxy group, a heterocyclic oxy group, an acyloxy group, a carbamoyloxy group, an alkoxycarbonyloxy group, an aryloxycarbonyloxy group, an amino group (including an anilino group) , an acylamino group,
  • substituents include an alkyl group (e.g., a methyl group, a t-butyl group, a t-hexyl group, a benzyl group), an alkenyl group (e.g., an allyl group), an aryl group (e.g., a phenyl group), an alkoxycarbonyl group (e.g., a methoxycarbonyl group, a dodecyloxycarbonyl group), an aryl oxycarbonyl group (e.g.
  • a phenoxycarbonyl group e.g., a phenoxycarbonyl group
  • an alkyl- or alkenyl-sulfonyl group e.g., a methanesulfonyl group, a butanesulfonyl group
  • an arylsulfonyl group e.g., a benzene sulfonyl group, a p-hydroxybenzenesulfonyl group
  • —X 91 —R 91 e.g., a benzoxycarbonyl group
  • an alkyl- or alkenyl-sulfonyl group e.g., a methanesulfonyl group, a butanesulfonyl group
  • an arylsulfonyl group e.g., a benzene sulfonyl group, a p-hydroxybenzenesulfonyl group
  • R 92 and R 93 , or R 93 and R 94 bind together with each other to form a 5- to 7-membered ring (for example, a chromane ring, an indane ring) , a spiro ring or a bicycle ring.
  • R 91 , R 92 , R 93 , R 94 , Rg 5 , R 96 and Rioo are not a hydrogen atom at the same time.
  • the total number of carbon atoms is 10 or more, and preferably 16 or more.
  • the compound represented by formula (TS-I) that can be used in the present invention includes those compounds represented by any of, for example, formula (I) of JP-B-63-50691, formulae (Ilia), (HIb) and (HIc) of JP-B-2-37575, formula of JP-B-2-50457, formula of JP-B-5-67220, formula (IX) of JP-B-5-70809, formula of JP-B-6-16534, formula (I) of JP-A-62-227889, formulae (I) and (II) of JP-A-62-244046, formulae (I) and (II) of JP-A-2-66541, formulae (I) and (II) of JP-A-2-139544, formula (I) of JP-A-2-194062, formulae (B), (C) and (D) of JP-A-2-212836, formula (III) of JP-A-3-200758, formulae (I) and (II) of
  • TS-I As the compound represented by the formula (TS-I) , compounds represented by the following formulae (TS-IA) to (TS-IG) are exemplified. In the present invention, compounds having these structures are preferable.
  • R 91 to R 97 have the same meanings as those defined in formula (TS-I) , and preferable ranges thereof are also the same.
  • R al to R a4 each represent a hydrogen atom or an aliphatic group.
  • X 92 and X 93 each represent a divalent linking group. Examples of the divalent linking group include an alkylene group, an oxy group and a sulfonyl group. In the formulae, the same symbols in the same molecule may be the same as or different from each other.
  • Rioi, Rio2r Rio3 * and Ri 04 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group (including a cyclic alkyl group such as a cycloalkyl group, a bicycloalkyl group and a tricycloalkyl group) , or an alkenyl group (including a cyclic alkenyl group such as a cycloalkenyl group, a bicycloalkenyl group and a tricycloalkenyl group) ; each combination of Rioi and Rio2, and/or Ri 03 and R104 may bind to each other to form a 5- to 7-membered ring.
  • an alkyl group including a cyclic alkyl group such as a cycloalkyl group, a bicycloalkyl group and a tricycloalkyl group
  • an alkenyl group including a cyclic alkenyl group such as a cycloalkenyl group, a bicycloalkenyl group and
  • Xioi represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group (including a cyclic alkyl group such as a cycloalkyl group, a bicycloalkyl group and a tricycloalkyl group) , an alkenyl group (including a cyclic alkenyl group such as a cycloalkenyl group, a bicycloalkenyl group and a tricycloalkenyl group) , an alkoxy group, an alkenyloxy group, an alkyl- or alkenyl-oxycarbonyl group, an aryloxycarbonyl group, an acyl group, an acyloxy group, an alkyloxycarbonyloxy group, an alkenyloxycarbonyloxy group, an aryloxycarbonyloxy group, an alkyl- or alkenyl-sulfonyl group, an arylsulfonyl group, an alkyl- or alkenyl-sulfinyl group
  • Xio 2 represents a group of nonmetal atoms necessary for forming a 5- to 7-membered ring.
  • TS-II The compound represented by formula (TS-II) is further described in detail below.
  • Rioi, R102/ R103 and Ri O4 each are a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group (e.g. , a methyl group, an ethyl group) or an alkenyl group (e.g., an allyl group); preferably an alkyl group.
  • X 1O i represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group (e.g., a methyl group, an ethyl group), an alkenyl group (e.g., an allyl group), an alkyloxy group (e.g., a methoxy group, an octyloxy group, a cyclohexyloxy group), an alkenyloxy group (e.g., an allyloxy group), an alkyloxycarbonyl group (e.g., a methoxycarbonyl group, a hexadecyloxycarbonyl group) , an alkenyloxycarbonyl group (e.g., an allyloxycarbonyl group), an aryloxycarbonyl group (e.g., a phenoxycarbonyl group, a p-chlorophenoxycarbonyl group), an acyl group (e.g., an acetyl group, a pivaloyl group,
  • an alkylsulfonyl group e.g., a methanesulfonyl group, a butanesulfonyl group
  • an alkenylsulfonyl group e.g., an allylsulfonyl group
  • an arylsulfonyl group e.g., a benzene sulfonyl group, a p-toluenesulfonyl group
  • an alkylsulfinyl group e.g., a methanesulfinyl group, an octanesulfinyl group
  • an alkenylsulfinyl group e.g., an allylsulfinyl group
  • an arylsulfinyl group e.g., a benzenesulfinyl group, a p-toluenes
  • Xi 02 represents a group of nonmetal atoms necessary for forming a 5- to 7-membered ring (e.g., a piperidine ring, a piperazine ring) .
  • R103, Rioir R 105 and R 106 each are an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms;
  • Xioi is an oxy radical group, an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 5 to 12 carbon atoms, an acyl group having 2 to 14 carbon atoms, or an aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms; and
  • Xio2 forms a cyclohexane ring.
  • the compound represented by formula (TS-II) is particularly preferably a compound represented by formula (TS-IIa) .
  • X 101 has the same meaning as that of Xioi in formula (TS-II) , and preferable ranges thereof are also the same.
  • R 200 represents a monovalent substituent. Examples of the monovalent substituent include those described above as the monovalent substituent.
  • the compound represented by formula (TS-II ) that can be used in the present invention include those compounds represented by, for example, formula (I) of JP-B-2-32298, formula (I) of JP-B-3-39296, formula of JP-B-3-40373, formula (I) of JP-A-2-49762, formula (II) of JP-A-2-208653, formula (III) of JP-A-2-217845, formula (B) of U.S. Pat. No. 4,906,555, formula of European Patent Publication EP 309,400A2, formula of European Patent Publication EP309,401Al, and formula of European Patent Publication EP309,402Al.
  • R 105 and Rio ⁇ each represents a hydrogen atom, an aliphatic group, an acyl group, an aliphatic oxycarbonyl group, aromatic oxycarbonyl group, an aliphatic sulfonyl group, or an aromatic sulfonyl group;
  • R107 represents an aliphatic group, an aliphatic oxy group, an aromatic oxy group, an aliphatic thio group, an aromatic thio group, an acyloxy group, an aliphatic oxycarbonyloxy group, an aromatic oxycarbonyloxy group, a substituted amino group, a heterocyclic group, or a hydroxy group.
  • each combination of R105 and Rio ⁇ / R106 and Rio 7 , and/or R10 5 and Ri 07 bind to each other to form a 5- to 7-membered ring except the case where those having a 2, 2, 6, 6-tetraalkylpiperidine skeleton is formed.
  • R1 05 and Rio ⁇ cannot simultaneously represent a hydrogen atom, and the total number of carbon atoms of R1 05 and R106 is 7 or more.
  • R1 05 and Rio ⁇ each independently represents a hydrogen atom, an aliphatic group (e.g., a methyl group, an ethyl group, t-butyl group, an octyl group, a methoxyethoxy group), an acyl group (e.g., an acetyl group, a pivaloyl group, a methacryloyl group) , an aliphatic oxycarbonyl group (e.g., methoxycarbonyl group, a hexadecyl oxycarbonyl group), an aromatic oxycarbonyl group (e.g., phenoxycarbonyl group), an aliphatic sulfonyl group (e.g., a methanesulfonyl group, a butanesulfonyl group) , or an aromatic sulfony
  • an aliphatic group e.g., a methyl group, an ethyl
  • a methyl group, an ethyl group, t-butyl group, an octyl group, a methoxyethoxy group an aliphatic oxy group (e.g., a methoxy group, an octyloxy group), an aromatic oxy group (e.g., a phenoxy group, a p-methoxyphenoxy group) , an aliphatic thio group (e.g., a methylthio group, an octylthio group) , an aromatic thio group (e.g.
  • phenylthio group a p-methoxyphenylthio group
  • an acyloxy group e.g., an acetoxy group, a pivaloyloxy group
  • an aliphatic oxycarbonyloxy group e.g., a methoxycarbonyloxy group, an octyloxycarbonyloxy group
  • an aromatic oxycarbonyloxy group e.g., a phenoxycarbonyloxy group
  • a substituted amino group e.g., an amino group substituted for an aliphatic group, an aromatic group, an acyl group, an aliphatic sulfonyl group, an aromatic sulfonyl group or any substituent as long as it is substitutable
  • a heterocyclic group e.g., a piperidine ring, a thiomorpholine ring
  • a hydroxy group e.g., a piperidine ring, a thiomorpho
  • each combination of R105 and R106/ R106 and R107, and/or R105 and Rio 7 bind to each other to form a 5- to 7-membered ring (e.g., a piperidine ring, a pyrazolidine ring) .
  • R 105 and Rio ⁇ cannot simultaneously represent a hydrogen atom, and the total number of carbon atoms of R 10 5 and R1 06 is 7 or more.
  • the compound represented by formula (TS-III) that can be used in the present invention include those compounds represented by, for example, formula (I) of JP-B-6-97332, formula (I) .of JP-B-6-97334, formula (I) of JP-A-2-148037, formula (I) of JP-A-2-150841, formula (I) of JP-A-2-181145, formula (I) of JP-A-3-266836, formula (IV) of JP-A-4-350854, and formula (I) of JP-A-5- 61166 .
  • R 105 and Ri O6 have the same meaning as those defined in formula (TS-III) , and preferable ranges thereof are also the same.
  • R b i to R b3 have the same meaning as R 105 , and preferable ranges thereof are also the same.
  • R b4 , Rb5 and R b6 each represent an aliphatic group.
  • X 103 represents a group of nonmetal atoms necessary for forming a 5- to 7-membered ring.
  • Rm and R 112 each independently represents an aliphatic group, and includes a combination of R 111 and R112 bind to each other to form a 5e to 7-membered ring, wherein n represents 0, 1 or 2. Note that the total number of carbon atoms of Rm and Ri 12 is 10 or more.
  • R m and Rn 2 each independently represents an aliphatic group (e.g., a methyl group, a methoxycarbonylethyl group, a dodecyloxycarbonylethyl group) , and includes a combination of Rm and R 11 2 bind to each other to form a 5- to 7-membered ring (e.g., a tetrahydrothiophene ring, a thiomorpholine ring) , wherein n represents 0, 1 or 2. Note that the total number of carbon atoms of R m and R 112 is 10 or more.
  • the compound represented by formula (TS-IV) that can be used in the present invention include those compounds represented by, for example, formula (I) of JP-B-2-44052, formula (T) of JP-A-3-48242, formula (A) of JP-A-3-266836, formulae (I), (II) and (III) of JP-A-5-323545, formula (I) of JP-A-6-148837, and formula (I) of U.S. Pat. No. 4,933,271.
  • R121 and R 122 each independently represents an aliphatic oxy group or an aromatic oxy group
  • R 123 represents an aliphatic group, an aromatic group, an aliphatic oxy group, or an aromatic oxy group
  • m represents 0 or 1
  • each combination of R 121 and R 122 and/or R 121 and R 123 bind to each other to form a 5- to 8-membered ring.
  • the total number of carbon atoms of R121, R122 and R123 is 10 or more.
  • R121 and R 122 each independently represents an aliphatic oxy group (e.g., a methoxy group, t-octyloxy group) or an aromatic oxy group (e.g., a phenoxy group, 2, 4-di-t-butylphenoxy group), and R123 represents an aliphatic group (e.g., a methyl group, an ethyl group, a t-octyl group group) , an aromatic group (e.g., a phenyl group, 4-t-butylphenyl group), an aliphatic oxy group (e.g., a methoxy group, t-octyloxy group) , or an aromatic oxy group (e.g., phenoxy group, 4-t-butylphenyl group) , wherein m represents 0 or 1, and includes each combination of Ri2i and R
  • the compound represented by formula (TS-V) that can be used in the present invention include those compounds represented by, for example, formula (I) of JP-A-3-25437, formula (I) of JP-A-3-142444, formula of U.S. Pat. No. 4,749,645, and formula of U.S. Pat. No. 4,980,275.
  • the two or more compounds may be selected from the same family (for example, that is the case where the two compounds represented by the formula (TS-II) are used) , or alternatively each of the two or more compounds may be selected from different families (for example, that is the case where one compound represented by the formula (TS-I) and another compound represented by the formula (TS-II) are used in combination) . It is preferable that the two or more compounds, each of which is selected from different families are used in combination.
  • Example 1 Only conditions different from those in the Example 1 are described in the rest of the Examples and the Comparative Examples. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to these embodiments .
  • Example 1 the light-diffusing sheet 20 as shown in Fig. 2 was produced by forming the light-diffusing part 12 having the double-layered structure of the present invention on the sheet base 11 made of polyester.
  • PET Polyethylene terephthalate
  • germanium Ge
  • a heater temperature is adjusted approximately constant within the range of 280 ° C to 300 ° C.
  • the melted PET was then discharged from a die onto a chill roller to which electrostatic voltage is applied, and thereby forming the amorphous film.
  • a length direction and a widthwise direction of the sheet base 11 is defined as MD direction and TD direction, respectively.
  • a heat shrinkage rate of the sheet base 11 after 10 minutes of heating treatment at 170 ° C was measured in the MD direction and the TD direction orthogonal to each other.
  • the heat shrinkage rate was obtained in the following method.
  • a sample having a length 120 mm in the MD direction and a width 30 mm in the TD direction was taken from the sheet base 11. This sample was marked with two reference lines or parallel lines extending in the TD direction. These parallel lines were spaced 100 mm apart from each other, namely, an interval between the parallel lines was 100 mm in the MD direction.
  • the sample was left in a heating oven at 170 0 C for 10 minutes without application of tension.
  • the heat shrinkage rate of the sample in the MD direction was calculated using a mathematical expression: 100 x (100-L) /100.
  • a sample having a length of 30 mm in the MD direction and a width of 120 mm in the TD direction was taken from the sheet base 11.
  • the heat shrinkage rate of the sheet base 11 was 1.2% in the MD direction and 1.0% in the TD direction.
  • a coating liquid 2 for resin layer having a composition described below was applied onto the same surface using the bar-coating method at an amount of 20.5 cc/m 2 , and then the surface was dried at 120 0 C for 1 minute, thereby forming the second resin layer 12b. In this way, the light-diffusing sheet 20 having the first and second resin layers 12a and 12b was formed.
  • the coating liquid 1 for resin layer used for forming the first resin layer 12a was prepared with the composition above described.
  • cross-linked polystyrene trade name: SBX-6, average particle diameter of 6 ⁇ m, manufactured by Sekisui Plastics Co., Inc.
  • the coating liquid 2 for resin layer used for forming the second resin layer 12b was prepared with the composition above described.
  • the formed light-diffusing sheet 20 was examined in haze, light transmission, light-covering ability for LED light source and resistance to damage of the resin layers.
  • the haze and light transmission of the formed layered sheet was measured using a haze meter (trade name: NDH-2000, manufactured by Nippon Denshoku Industries Co., Ltd.).
  • a commercially available light unit having LED light source (total number of 96, 6 lumens/unit) was prepared.
  • the light-diffusing sheet was located 15 mm apart from the top of the LED light source.
  • the LED light source was viewed from directly above (tilt value of 0 degrees) and from obliquely above (tilt value of 45 degrees) , and thereby the light-covering ability of the light-diffusing sheet for the LED light source was evaluated.
  • the surface of the resin layer (examined area: 1 m 2 ) was examined using a 150W tungsten lamp as for whether there is unevenness or damage on the surface of the resin layer.
  • Example 2 the light-diffusing sheet 20 was produced in the same manner as Example 1 except that the [Coating liquid 1 for resin layer] of Example 1 was replaced by the following [Coating liquid 3 for resin layer] .
  • cross-linking agent 5 parts by mass (trade name: CARBODILITE V-02-L2, manufactured by Nisshinbo Chemical Inc.)
  • Example 3 the light-diffusing sheet 20 was produced in the same manner as Example 1 except that the [Coating liquid 1 for resin layer] of Example 1 was replaced by the following [Coating liquid 4 for resin layer] and the [Coating liquid 2 for resin layer] of Example 1 was replaced by the following [Coating liquid 5 for resin layer]
  • cross-linked polystyrene trade name: SBX-6, average particle diameter of 6 ⁇ m, manufactured by Sekisui Plastics Co., Inc.
  • cross-linked polystyrene trade name: SBX-6, average particle diameter of 6 ⁇ m, manufactured by Sekisui Plastics Co., Inc.
  • NeoRez R-600 solid content concentration of 33%, manufactured by DMS NeoResins Inc.
  • cross-linking agent 13 parts by mass
  • Example 4 the adhesion layer 13 and the hard coat layer 14 were formed on the opposite side of the light-diffusing part 12 of the light-diffusing sheet 20 of Example 1, as described below. In this way, the light-diffusing sheet 10 with the hard coat layer 14 as shown in Fig. 1 was produced.
  • surfactant 1 (10% aqueous solution) 3 parts by mass (trade name: SANDET BL, manufactured by Sanyo Chemical Industries, Ltd. )
  • surfactant 2 (10% aqueous solution) 3 parts by mass
  • the coating liquid for adhesion layer was prepared with the composition above described.
  • colloidal silica 484 parts by mass
  • surfactant 1 (10% aqueous solution) 27 parts by mass (trade name: SANDET BL, manufactured by Sanyo Chemical Industries, Ltd. )
  • surfactant 2 (10% aqueous solution) 27 parts by mass
  • the coating liquid for hard coat layer was prepared with the composition above described.
  • the formed light-diffusing sheet 10 was examined in haze, light transmission, light-covering ability for LED light source and resistance to damage of the resin layers in the same manner as Example 1. In addition, the light-diffusing sheet 10 was examined as for whether there are cracks in the hard coat layer by looking at it. As a result, it is understood that those having cracks were inferior in production adequacy.
  • Comparative Example 1 a light-diffusing sheet was produced in the same manner as Example 1 except that 234 parts by mass of distilled water was added in the [Coating liquid 1 for resin layer] instead of adding 234 parts by mass of the fine particles (silica particle, trade name: SNOWTEX C, average particle diameter in the range from 0.01 ⁇ m to 0.02 ⁇ m, solid content concentration of 20%, manufactured by Nissan Chemical Industries, Inc.).
  • 234 parts by mass of distilled water was added in the [Coating liquid 1 for resin layer] instead of adding 234 parts by mass of the fine particles (silica particle, trade name: SNOWTEX C, average particle diameter in the range from 0.01 ⁇ m to 0.02 ⁇ m, solid content concentration of 20%, manufactured by Nissan Chemical Industries, Inc.).
  • Comparative Example 2 a light-diffusing sheet was produced in the same manner as Example 1 except that the [Coating liquid 2 for resin layer] was applied without the application of the [Coating liquid 1 for resin layer] .
  • Comparative Example 3 a light-diffusing sheet was firstly produced in the same manner as Example 1 except the following points: 234 parts by mass of distilled water was added in the [Coating liquid 1 for resin layer] instead of adding 234 parts by mass of the fine particles (silica particle, trade name:
  • the hard coat layer was formed on the other surface of the sheet base 11, opposite to the light-diffusing part 12, in the same manner as Example 4, and thereby forming a light-diffusing sheet with the hard coat layer.
  • the light-diffusing sheets obtained in Examples 1 to 4 have high light-covering ability for LED light source and high light transmission, and thus showing excellent properties as the LED illumination cover.
  • the light-diffusing sheets obtained in Examples 1 to 4 have no damages in the resin layers, and the light-diffusing sheet of Example 4 have no cracks in the water-based hard coat layer, which proves that they are superior in production adequacy.
  • Comparative Example 1 the fine particles were not contained in the first resin layer, and therefore the light-covering ability of the light-diffusing sheet was lowered as compared to Examples 1 to 4.
  • the light-diffusing layer had a single-layered structure formed only of the second resin layer, and therefore the light transmission of the light-diffusing sheet was much lowered as compared to Examples 1 to 4.
  • the fine particles were not contained in the first resin layer like Comparative Example 1, and therefore the light-covering ability of the light-diffusing sheet was lowered.
  • the sheet base of the light-diffusing sheet of Comparative Example 3 had small heat shrinkage rate, which caused cracks in the hard coat layer.
  • PET having intrinsic viscosity of 0.66 and synthesiezed by polycondensation using germanium (Ge) as a catalyst was dried until its moisture content reached not more than 50 ppm. Thereafter, the first ultraviolet absorbent was mixed to the dried PET, and the mixture was introduced to a biaxial extruder.
  • the first ultraviolet absorbent used is shown with the numeral of the general formula in Table 2. In the biaxial extruder, the mixture was melted and kneaded at 280°C, and thus obtained pellets containing the first ultraviolet absorbent. The pellets were further mixed with the PET such that a concentration of the first ultraviolet absorbent reached a predetermined value.
  • the sheet base 11 having the thickness of 300 ⁇ m was obtained in the same manner as Example 1 with use of the PET in which the concentration of the first ultraviolet absorbent was controlled as described above. Except for this point, the light-diffusing sheet 20 was obtained under the same conditions of Example 1. Note that “unit area” of "content of first ultraviolet absorbent per unit area” in Table 2 denotes an area 1 m 2 of the light-diffusing sheet 20 seen from its normal direction.
  • Each light-diffusing sheet 20 was evaluated in view of light-cutting ability which is a capability of cutting light and color rendition according to the following evaluation methods. The evaluation results are shown in Table 2.
  • each light-diffusing sheet was irradiated with ultraviolet LED (wavelength of ultraviolet light : 395 nm to 410 nm (peak at 405 nm) ) , and the emission spectrum through the light-diffusing sheet was measured using a spectrophotometer USB4100 (trade name, manufactured by Ocean Photonics) .
  • Each light-diffusing sheet 20 was examined as to whether it is yellowish by looking at it. Note that the light-diffusing sheet less yellowish is considered superior in color rendition.
  • PET having intrinsic viscosity of 0.66 and synthesiezed by polycondensation using germanium (Ge) as a catalyst was dried until its moisture content reached not more than 50 ppm.
  • the first ultraviolet absorbent and the second absorbent were mixed to the dried PET, and the mixture was introduced to a biaxial extruder.
  • the first and second ultraviolet absorbents used are shown with the numerals of the general formulae in Table 2.
  • the mixture was melted and kneaded at 280 0 C, and thus obtained pellets.
  • the pellets were further mixed with the PET such that concentrations of the first and second ultraviolet absorbents reached predetermined values, respectively.
  • the sheet base 11 having the thickness of 300 ⁇ m was obtained in the same manner as Example 1 with use of the PET in which the concentrations of the first and second ultraviolet absorbents were controlled as described above. Except for this point, the light-diffusing sheet 20 was obtained under the same conditions of Example 1. Note that "mass ratio of second ultraviolet absorbent or second additive" is obtained with respect to the mass of the first ultraviolet absorbent which is 1.
  • PET having intrinsic viscosity of 0.66 and synthesiezed by polycondensation using germanium (Ge) as a catalyst was dried until its moisture content reached not more than 50 ppm. Thereafter, the first ultraviolet absorbent and the second additive were mixed to the dried PET, and the mixture was introduced to a biaxial extruder.
  • the first ultraviolet absorbent and the second additive used are shown with the numerals of the general formulae in Table 2.
  • the mixture was melted and kneaded at 280 0 C, and thus obtained pellets .
  • the pellets were further mixed with the PET such that concentrations of the first ultraviolet absorbent and the second additive reached predetermined values, respectively.
  • the sheet base 11 having the thickness of 300 ⁇ m was obtained in the same manner as Example 1 with use of the PET in which the concentrations of the first ultraviolet absorbent and the second additive were controlled as described above. Except for this point, the light-diffusing sheet 20 was obtained under the same conditions of Example 1.
  • Each light-diffusing sheet 20 obtained in Examples 10 to 18 was also evaluated in view of the light-cutting ability and the color rendition, and the evaluation results are shown in Table 2.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une partie de diffusion de lumière (12) qui comprend une première couche de résine (12a) et une seconde couche de résine (12b) disposées dans cet ordre, et qui est formée sur une surface d’une base de feuille (11) en polyester d’une feuille de diffusion de lumière (10). Lesdites première couche de résine (12a) et seconde couche de résine (12b) comportent de fines particules (15, 16) ainsi qu’un polymère hydrosoluble et/ou hydrodispersable. La première couche de résine (12a) contient de fines particules (15) qui représentent entre 10 et 400 parties en masse par rapport au polymère, et la seconde couche de résine (12b) contient de fines particules (16) qui représentent entre 80 et 500 parties en masse par rapport au polymère.
PCT/JP2010/064129 2009-08-19 2010-08-17 Feuille de diffusion de lumière WO2011021707A1 (fr)

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CN102540291A (zh) * 2012-02-08 2012-07-04 宁波长阳科技有限公司 一种光学扩散膜及其制备方法
CN103207421A (zh) * 2012-08-30 2013-07-17 湖北航天化学技术研究所 一种扩散膜及制备方法
WO2013109637A1 (fr) * 2012-01-17 2013-07-25 Pixeloptics, Inc. Film flexible à surface en relief et son utilisation dans des systèmes optiques électro-actifs
CN104375225A (zh) * 2014-12-05 2015-02-25 四川东方绝缘材料股份有限公司 一种防刮光学扩散膜及其制备方法
CN108351434A (zh) * 2015-10-21 2018-07-31 富士胶片株式会社 防反射膜及功能性玻璃
CN110383118A (zh) * 2017-03-31 2019-10-25 富士胶片株式会社 树脂成型体及蓝光截止层叠体

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TW201725120A (zh) * 2015-10-21 2017-07-16 Fujifilm Corp 抗反射膜及其製造方法
WO2017159621A1 (fr) * 2016-03-18 2017-09-21 富士フイルム株式会社 Film antireflet et verre fonctionnel
JP7270698B2 (ja) * 2017-05-11 2023-05-10 リケンテクノス株式会社 防眩性ハードコート積層フィルム
JP2017138626A (ja) * 2017-05-11 2017-08-10 リケンテクノス株式会社 防眩性ハードコート積層フィルム
JP7139741B2 (ja) * 2018-07-13 2022-09-21 三菱ケミカル株式会社 光学用保護フィルム
CN110858009A (zh) * 2018-08-22 2020-03-03 白金科技股份有限公司 扩散片
JP2021021767A (ja) * 2019-07-25 2021-02-18 恵和株式会社 光拡散シート

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WO2006057355A1 (fr) * 2004-11-26 2006-06-01 Denki Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Feuille multicouche et feuille de diffusion de lumiere
JP2007133173A (ja) * 2005-11-10 2007-05-31 Nippon Shokubai Co Ltd 光拡散シートおよび複合光拡散板、ならびにそれらを用いたバックライトユニット
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013109637A1 (fr) * 2012-01-17 2013-07-25 Pixeloptics, Inc. Film flexible à surface en relief et son utilisation dans des systèmes optiques électro-actifs
US9199420B2 (en) 2012-01-17 2015-12-01 Mitsui Chemicals, Inc. Flexible film with surface relief and use thereof in electro-active optical systems
CN102540291A (zh) * 2012-02-08 2012-07-04 宁波长阳科技有限公司 一种光学扩散膜及其制备方法
CN103207421A (zh) * 2012-08-30 2013-07-17 湖北航天化学技术研究所 一种扩散膜及制备方法
CN104375225A (zh) * 2014-12-05 2015-02-25 四川东方绝缘材料股份有限公司 一种防刮光学扩散膜及其制备方法
CN108351434A (zh) * 2015-10-21 2018-07-31 富士胶片株式会社 防反射膜及功能性玻璃
CN110383118A (zh) * 2017-03-31 2019-10-25 富士胶片株式会社 树脂成型体及蓝光截止层叠体
EP3603966A4 (fr) * 2017-03-31 2020-04-15 FUJIFILM Corporation Corps moulé en résine et corps stratifié découpé à la lumière bleue
CN110383118B (zh) * 2017-03-31 2021-11-09 富士胶片株式会社 树脂成型体及蓝光截止层叠体

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