WO2011010421A1 - 角形の非水電解質二次電池及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
角形の非水電解質二次電池及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011010421A1 WO2011010421A1 PCT/JP2010/004042 JP2010004042W WO2011010421A1 WO 2011010421 A1 WO2011010421 A1 WO 2011010421A1 JP 2010004042 W JP2010004042 W JP 2010004042W WO 2011010421 A1 WO2011010421 A1 WO 2011010421A1
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- positive electrode
- mixture layer
- secondary battery
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
- H01M10/0587—Construction or manufacture of accumulators having only wound construction elements, i.e. wound positive electrodes, wound negative electrodes and wound separators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/362—Composites
- H01M4/364—Composites as mixtures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/621—Binders
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/021—Physical characteristics, e.g. porosity, surface area
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
- Y10T29/49108—Electric battery cell making
- Y10T29/49115—Electric battery cell making including coating or impregnating
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a rectangular nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery and a method for manufacturing the same.
- non-aqueous electrolyte secondary batteries for example, lithium ion secondary batteries
- Patent Document 1 Since the above electronic devices are required not only to be reduced in size and weight but also to be multifunctional, it is desired that the non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery has a higher capacity.
- the mixture layer As a method for increasing the capacity of the non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery, it is possible to fill the mixture layer with an active material at a high density. Specifically, the amount of active material in the mixture layer may be increased to increase the pressure during rolling. However, when the active material is filled in the mixture layer at a high density, the flexibility of the electrode plate is lowered.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a mixture layer in which a plurality of recesses or holes are formed. Thereby, it can be greatly curved without damaging an electrode plate by using a recessed part or a hole as a fulcrum.
- Patent Document 3 discloses a positive electrode plate for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery having the following configuration.
- the positive electrode plate is formed so that the peel strength between the positive electrode current collector and the positive electrode mixture layer decreases as the density of the positive electrode active material in the positive electrode mixture layer increases, and the positive electrode active material in the positive electrode mixture layer The lower the density, the higher the peel strength between the positive electrode current collector and the positive electrode mixture layer.
- an electrode group is obtained. May be deformed. Specifically, since the negative electrode active material expands and contracts due to charge and discharge, the negative electrode expands and contracts. At this time, if the positive electrode is not deformed following the expansion and contraction of the negative electrode, the positive electrode and the negative electrode are out of phase. Such a phase shift is conspicuous in the flat electrode group, particularly at the end in the major axis direction of the flat electrode group. This deformation of the electrode group is referred to as buckling in this specification.
- the distance between the positive electrode and the negative electrode varies in the winding direction of the electrode group.
- the overvoltage at the time of charging is high, so that it is difficult to be charged.
- the overvoltage at the time of charging is low, so that charging is easy. As described above, charging and discharging spots occur in the wound electrode group. For this reason, the cycle characteristics are deteriorated.
- the present invention has been made in view of such points, and the object of the present invention is to increase the capacity without lowering the flexibility of the positive electrode, and further to a square having excellent cycle characteristics.
- the object is to provide a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery.
- the prismatic non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery of the present invention includes an electrode group formed by winding a positive electrode and a negative electrode with a porous insulating layer interposed therebetween.
- the positive electrode has a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode mixture layer, and the positive electrode mixture layer is provided on at least one surface of the positive electrode current collector and includes a positive electrode active material and a binder. .
- the porosity of the positive electrode mixture layer is 17% or less.
- the tensile strength of the positive electrode when the elongation percentage of the positive electrode is 1% is 15 N / cm or less.
- the peel strength between the positive electrode current collector and the positive electrode mixture layer is 3 N / m or more and 15 N / m or less.
- the positive electrode mixture layer preferably includes 0.5 parts by mass or more and 1.5 parts by mass or less of a binder with respect to 100 parts by mass of the positive electrode active material. It is more preferable that the binder contains 1.1 parts by mass or more and 1.5 parts by mass or less of the positive electrode active material.
- the binder may be a PVdF (poly (vinylideneidfluoride)) or a copolymer containing VdF units, and the molecular weight may be 1 million or more. .
- the method for producing a rectangular nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to the present invention includes a step (a) of providing a positive electrode mixture slurry containing a positive electrode active material and a binder on the surface of a positive electrode current collector, and a step (a ) After the step (b) of rolling the positive electrode current collector provided with the positive electrode active material and the binder on the surface, and after the step (b), the elongation percentage of the positive electrode is 1% And (c) a step of heat-treating the rolled positive electrode current collector so that the tensile strength of the positive electrode becomes 15 N / cm or less.
- Porosity 1- (Volume of component 1 + Volume of component 2 + Volume of component 3) / (Volume of positive electrode mixture layer)
- the volume of the positive electrode mixture layer is calculated by measuring the thickness of the positive electrode mixture layer with a scanning electron microscope and then cutting the positive electrode into a predetermined dimension.
- Component 1 is a component that dissolves in an acid in the positive electrode mixture
- Component 2 is a component that does not dissolve in the acid in the positive electrode mixture and has thermal volatility
- Component 3 is a component in the positive electrode mixture. It is a component that is insoluble in an acid and has heat non-volatility. The volume of component 1 to component 3 is calculated by the following method.
- the positive electrode cut to a predetermined size is separated into a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode mixture layer.
- the weight of the positive electrode mixture is measured.
- the positive electrode mixture is dissolved with an acid and separated into a component dissolved in the acid and a component not dissolved in the acid.
- the component dissolved in the acid is qualitatively quantitatively analyzed using X-ray fluorescence and structurally analyzed by the X-ray diffraction method, and the lattice constant and molecular weight of the component are calculated from the result of the qualitative quantitative analysis and the result of the structural analysis. . In this way, the volume of component 1 can be calculated.
- thermogravimetric analysis for the component not dissolved in the acid, first, the component is weighed. Next, the components are qualitatively analyzed using gas chromatography / mass spectrometry, followed by thermogravimetric analysis. Thereby, the component which has heat volatility among the components which did not melt
- thermogravimetric analysis from the results of qualitative analysis by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry, the components that did not dissolve in the acid Among them, the composition of components having thermal volatility is known). Then, the weight of the component having thermal volatility among the components not dissolved in the acid is calculated from the result of the thermogravimetric analysis of the sample and the result of the thermogravimetric analysis of the standard sample. The volume of component 2 is calculated using the calculated weight and the true density of the component having thermal volatility among the components not dissolved in the acid.
- the weight of the component can be determined.
- the volume of component 3 is calculated using the weight thus obtained and the true specific gravity of the component that does not have thermal volatility among the components not dissolved in the acid.
- FIG. 1 is a table showing the results of examining the relationship between the heat treatment conditions after rolling, the tensile strength of the positive electrode, and the swelling of the battery case after the charge / discharge cycle test.
- FIG. 2 is a table showing the results of examining the relationship between the porosity of the positive electrode mixture layer and the presence or absence of cutting of the positive electrode in the flat electrode group.
- FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of an electrode group in one embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of an apparatus for measuring peel strength between the positive electrode current collector and the positive electrode mixture layer.
- FIG. 6 is a table summarizing the results of the examples.
- FIG. 1 is a table showing the results of examining the relationship between the heat treatment conditions after rolling, the tensile strength of the positive electrode, and the swelling of the battery case after the charge / discharge cycle test, disclosed in the above application specification.
- the tensile strength of the positive electrode can be reduced by performing heat treatment after rolling. From the results of the batteries 1 to 4, it can be seen that the tensile strength of the positive electrode can be reduced by increasing the heat treatment temperature after rolling or by increasing the heat treatment time after rolling.
- the battery case bulges after the charge / discharge cycle were large, but in the batteries 1 to 3 having a small positive electrode tensile strength, the battery case bulge was small. That is, in the batteries 4 to 5 with the positive electrode having a high tensile strength, the battery case swelled greatly due to the occurrence of buckling in the electrode group, whereas in the batteries 1 to 3 with the positive electrode having a low tensile strength, the batteries were buckled. The battery case was hardly deformed because of the occurrence of The reason for this is considered by the applicant as follows.
- the positive electrode If the tensile strength of the positive electrode is small, the positive electrode can be easily deformed following the expansion and contraction of the negative electrode due to charge and discharge. Therefore, even if charging and discharging are repeated, occurrence of buckling in the electrode group is suppressed.
- the inventors of the present application produce an electrode group having a substantially elliptical end surface using a positive electrode having a tensile strength of 15 N / cm or less and a positive electrode active material filling density higher than that of the conventional material. Then, the fabricated electrode group was observed. The result is shown in FIG.
- the porosity of the positive electrode mixture layer is made lower than the conventional one (the porosity of the conventional positive electrode mixture layer is about 30%), the porosity of the positive electrode mixture layer From the time when the rate became about 20%, it was confirmed that the positive electrode current collector was cut. Further, although not shown in FIG. 2, as the porosity of the positive electrode mixture layer becomes lower than 20%, the cutout of the positive electrode in the flat electrode group becomes remarkable. In response to this result, the inventors considered as follows.
- the flat electrode group is generally manufactured as follows. First, a positive electrode and a negative electrode are wound through a porous insulating layer to produce an electrode group having a substantially circular end surface. Next, the electrode group whose end face is substantially circular is compressed from one direction. Then, a flat electrode group is produced.
- the porosity of the positive electrode mixture layer When the porosity of the positive electrode mixture layer is high (for example, when the porosity of the positive electrode mixture layer is about 30%), the positive electrode mixture layer tends to shrink in the thickness direction. Since compressive stress is relieved by contraction of the positive electrode mixture layer, it is possible to suppress breakage of the positive electrode.
- the positive electrode mixture layer when the porosity of the positive electrode mixture layer is low (for example, when the porosity of the positive electrode mixture layer is lower than 20%), the positive electrode mixture layer hardly contracts in the thickness direction. Therefore, it is difficult to reduce the compressive stress due to the contraction of the positive electrode mixture layer.
- the positive electrode used in the experiment is the positive electrode disclosed in the above application specification, it is softer than the conventional positive electrode. Therefore, it is difficult to relieve the compressive stress by absorbing the positive electrode.
- the porosity of the positive electrode mixture layer when the porosity of the positive electrode mixture layer is low, compressive stress concentrates on the portion of the electrode group where no external force is applied, and as a result, the positive electrode is broken. In fact, the inventors of the present application have confirmed that the breakage of the positive electrode is concentrated in a portion of the electrode group where no external force is applied.
- the positive electrode can be prevented from breaking.
- the porosity of the positive electrode mixture layer can be increased in this portion. Therefore, in this part, since the positive electrode mixture layer can be contracted in the thickness direction, the positive electrode can be prevented from being cut.
- FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway perspective view of the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the electrode group in the present embodiment.
- the electrode group 1 is accommodated in the battery case 2 together with the nonaqueous electrolyte, and the opening of the battery case 2 is sealed by the sealing plate 3.
- the electrode group 1 has a substantially elliptical cross section, and is formed by winding a positive electrode 11 and a negative electrode 12 through a porous insulating layer 13.
- the positive electrode 11 has a positive electrode current collector 11A and a positive electrode mixture layer 11B, and is connected to the lower surface of a sealing plate (functioning as a positive electrode terminal) 3 through a positive electrode lead 11a.
- the negative electrode 12 has a negative electrode current collector 12A and a negative electrode mixture layer 12B, and is connected to a rivet 4 (functioning as a negative electrode terminal) provided on the sealing plate 3 via a negative electrode lead 12a. 4 is insulated from the sealing plate 3 by a gasket 5. An injection hole (not shown) is formed in the sealing plate 3, and this injection hole is closed by a plug 6.
- the tensile strength is 15 N / cm or less
- the porosity of the positive electrode mixture layer 11B is 17% or less
- peeling between the positive electrode current collector 11A and the positive electrode mixture layer 11B is performed.
- the strength is 3 N / m or more and 15 N / m or less. This will be described in order below.
- the positive electrode 11 in the present embodiment is formed so that the tensile strength is 15 N / cm or less. In a conventional positive electrode, the elongation immediately before breakage is about 1.5%. From this, it can be seen that the positive electrode 11 in the present embodiment is softer and easier to stretch than in the past. Therefore, the positive electrode 11 in the present embodiment deforms following the expansion and contraction of the negative electrode 12 during charging and discharging. Therefore, the positive electrode 11 and the negative electrode 12 can be prevented from being out of phase due to charge / discharge, and the electrode group 1 can be prevented from buckling. Thereby, since it can suppress that the spot of charging / discharging is formed in the electrode group 1, degradation of cycling characteristics can be prevented.
- the positive electrode 11 is preferably soft. That is, the tensile strength of the positive electrode 11 is preferably small. However, if the positive electrode 11 is too soft, the positive electrode 11 may be cut when rolling the positive electrode current collector provided with the positive electrode active material or the like on the surface and when compressing the electrode group having a substantially circular end surface. Invite you. In addition, since the positive electrode 11 is difficult to wind, the manufacturing yield of the electrode group 1 is reduced. Taking these into consideration, the positive electrode 11 may be formed so as to have a tensile strength of 15 N / cm or less, and may be formed so that the tensile strength is 7 N / cm or more and 15 N / cm or less. Preferably, it is more preferably formed so as to be 9 N / cm or more and 10 N / cm or less.
- the inventors of the present application believe that the buckling of the electrode group 1 at the time of charging / discharging can be prevented if the positive electrode 11 extends about 2% without breaking.
- the elongation percentage of the positive electrode immediately before fracture is 3%. The above is preferable.
- the buckling of the electrode group 1 during charging / discharging can occur when the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery is in a normal state. Therefore, if the elongation percentage of the positive electrode 11 immediately before the break is about 2%, it is considered that the buckling of the electrode group 1 at the time of charge / discharge can be prevented.
- the positive electrode current collector provided with the positive electrode active material, the binder, and the conductive agent on the surface may be rolled and then heat-treated at a predetermined temperature. Further, the thickness of the positive electrode current collector 11A or the composition of the positive electrode current collector 11A may be changed. For example, the thickness of the positive electrode current collector 11A may be 1 to 50 ⁇ m, and preferably 5 to 30 ⁇ m. Thereby, the effect that the weight reduction of the positive electrode 11 is achieved, ensuring the intensity
- the porosity of the positive electrode mixture layer 11B in the present embodiment is 17% or less. Therefore, the capacity of the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery can be increased.
- the conditions for rolling the positive electrode on which the positive electrode active material, the binder, and the conductive agent are provided may be optimized. . Specifically, the pressure during rolling may be increased, or the positive electrode may be rolled while heating. In the latter case, the elastic modulus of the positive electrode binder can be lowered during rolling, so that the positive electrode active material and the like can be arranged on the surface of the positive electrode current collector 11A at a high density.
- the peel strength between the positive electrode current collector 11A and the positive electrode mixture layer 11B is 3 N / m or more and 15 N / m or less. Therefore, the positive electrode mixture layer 11B is easily peeled off from the positive electrode current collector 11A at locations where the compressive stress is concentrated in the electrode group 1 (that is, both ends in the major axis direction of the flat electrode group 1). Stress can be relaxed. Therefore, the flat electrode group 1 can be produced without cutting off the positive electrode 11.
- the peel strength between the positive electrode current collector 11A and the positive electrode mixture layer 11B is small.
- the peel strength between the positive electrode current collector 11A and the positive electrode mixture layer 11B may be 3 N / m or more and 15 N / m or less, and preferably 4 N / m or more and 10 N / m or less. More preferably, it is m or more and 7 N / m or less.
- the peel strength between the positive electrode current collector 11A and the positive electrode mixture layer 11B depends on the amount of the binder or the material of the binder.
- the positive electrode mixture layer 11B preferably contains a binder of 0.5 parts by mass or more and 1.5 parts by mass or less with respect to 100 parts by mass of the positive electrode active material. More preferably, the binder contains 0.5 parts by mass or more and 1.1 parts by mass or less with respect to parts by mass.
- the binder for the positive electrode may be a copolymer containing PVdF or VdF units (for example, a copolymer of VdF and HFP (hexapropylfluoropropylene)), and is polymerized or copolymerized to have a molecular weight of 1 million or more. It is preferable if it is polymerized. In general, it is said that the binder has a higher peel strength as the molecular weight increases. Therefore, by increasing the molecular weight of the binder, an equivalent binding force can be obtained with a small amount of the binder. Therefore, if the molecular weight of the binder is high, the amount of the binder can be reduced, so that the capacity of the battery can be increased. Thereby, the molecular weight of the binder is preferably as high as possible, and may be appropriately set as necessary.
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a peel strength measuring apparatus disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2008-159410.
- the configuration of the measuring apparatus shown in FIG. 5 will be described, and then a method for measuring the peel strength using this measuring apparatus will be described.
- the base 31 is a base for placing a device under test 32, and the device under test 32 is fixed to the base 31 via an adhesive 33 such as a double-sided tape.
- One end of the device under test 32 fixed to the base 31 is fixed to a chuck 34, and the chuck 34 is connected to a lifting base 38.
- the base 31 is slid in the horizontal direction by the bearing 35, and can be slid in the horizontal direction without a force being applied unevenly by the spring 36 attached to the rear end.
- the spring 36 is connected to the fixed portion 37.
- a lifting base 38 is connected to the front end of the base 31 via a wire 39 and a pulley 40, and the lifting base 38 is connected to a gripping jig 42 via a wire 41.
- a load cell 43 is connected to the gripping jig 42, and the load cell 43 is supported by the support portion 44 and detects the load of the lifting platform 38.
- the support portion 44 can be moved in the vertical direction by a drive portion 46, and a linear sensor (detecting the amount of movement of the gripping jig 42) 47 is connected to the drive portion 46.
- the drive unit 46 and the linear sensor 47 are provided in the support column 45.
- the base 31 is provided on the support base 48, and the support base 48 and the support column 45 are fixed to the base 50.
- the peel strength of the DUT 32 is measured according to the following method. That is, first, the device under test 32 is cut into a certain size, and the cut device under test 32 is fixed to the base 31 with the adhesive 33, and one end of the device under test 32 is fixed with the chuck 34. Next, the drive part 46 is started and the holding jig 42 is pulled up at a constant speed. As a result, the pull-up stand 38 is pulled, and the chuck 34 pulls up the device under test 32 accordingly. When the DUT 32 is peeled off, the stress at that time is measured by the load cell 43.
- the wire 39 pulls the base 31, so that the test object 32 is always peeled perpendicular to the upper surface of the base 31.
- the force component when only the base 31 slides can be measured.
- the positive electrode mixture layer 11B is adhered via the adhesive 33, and one end of the positive electrode current collector 11A is attached by the chuck 34. You only have to pull it fixed.
- the positive electrode 11 in the present embodiment is manufactured according to the following method.
- a positive electrode active material, a binder, and a conductive agent are mixed to prepare a positive electrode mixture paste.
- a binder of 0.5 parts by mass or more and 1.5 parts by mass or less may be mixed with 100 parts by mass of the positive electrode active material, and a binder of 0.5 parts by mass or more and 1.1 parts by mass or less may be mixed. It is preferable to mix an adhesive.
- a positive electrode mixture paste is provided on one side or both sides of the positive electrode current collector 11A (step (a)). Thereafter, the positive electrode mixture paste is dried (step (b)).
- the positive electrode current collector provided with the positive electrode active material, the binder, and the conductive agent on the surface is rolled (step (c)).
- the positive electrode active material, the binder and the conductive agent are arranged on the surface of the positive electrode current collector 11A at a high density. can do.
- the rolled positive electrode current collector is heat-treated at a predetermined temperature (step (d)).
- the tensile strength of the positive electrode 11 can be increased by increasing the temperature of the heat treatment or increasing the time of the heat treatment. Therefore, heat treatment conditions (temperature or time) may be set so that the tensile strength of the positive electrode 11 is 15 N / m or less.
- the heat treatment temperature after rolling is equal to or higher than the softening temperature (eg, 160 ° C.) of the positive electrode current collector 11A, and the decomposition temperature (eg, 350 ° C.) of the binder contained in the positive electrode mixture layer 11B. ) Is preferred.
- the heat treatment time after rolling may be appropriately set in consideration of the productivity of the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery, and is, for example, 1 second or more and 10 hours or less. Furthermore, when the positive electrode current collector contains 1.2% by weight or more of iron with respect to aluminum, the temperature of the heat treatment after rolling should be lower than the melting temperature of the binder of the positive electrode. The time for heat treatment after rolling can be set to 0.1 second or more and 1 minute or less. Thereby, since melting and further decomposition of the binder during the heat treatment after rolling can be prevented, it is possible to suppress a decrease in capacity and a decrease in performance of the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery.
- heat treatment using hot air IH (Induction Heating), infrared or electric heat can be mentioned, but the rolled positive electrode current collector has a predetermined temperature (above the softening temperature of the positive electrode current collector). It is preferable to select a method in which a heated hot roll is brought into contact with the temperature. This is because if heat treatment after rolling is performed using a hot roll, the heat treatment time can be shortened and energy loss can be minimized.
- IH Induction Heating
- infrared or electric heat can be mentioned, but the rolled positive electrode current collector has a predetermined temperature (above the softening temperature of the positive electrode current collector). It is preferable to select a method in which a heated hot roll is brought into contact with the temperature. This is because if heat treatment after rolling is performed using a hot roll, the heat treatment time can be shortened and energy loss can be minimized.
- the positive electrode 11 in the present embodiment can be produced.
- the compression stress can be relaxed during compression after winding.
- the electrode group 1 in this embodiment can be produced without causing the positive electrode 11 to be cut.
- the positive electrode mixture layer 11B is easily peeled off from the positive electrode current collector 11A when the electrode group having an end surface of a substantially circular shape is compressed from one direction. It will only be. Therefore, the reduction in battery capacity can be suppressed to the maximum.
- the positive electrode active material or the like is not completely peeled off from the positive electrode current collector 11A, but the battery reaction occurs from the surface of the positive electrode current collector 11A. It was found that they existed as far away as possible.
- the peel strength between the positive electrode current collector 11A and the positive electrode mixture layer 11B is 3 N / m or more and 15 N / m or less, the positive electrode 11 is cut off while suppressing a decrease in battery capacity. The effect that the flat electrode group 1 can be produced without this can be obtained.
- the tensile strength of the positive electrode 11 is 15 N / cm or less, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of charging / discharging spots in the electrode group 1, thereby preventing deterioration of cycle characteristics.
- the porosity of the positive electrode mixture layer 11B is 17% or less, and the peel strength between the positive electrode current collector 11A and the positive electrode mixture layer 11B is 3 N / m or less and 15 N / m or more. is there. Therefore, the capacity of the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery can be increased. In addition, even if the flexibility of the positive electrode 11 is reduced as the capacity of the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery is increased, the electrode group 1 can be produced without causing the positive electrode 11 to break.
- the positive electrode 11, the negative electrode 12, the porous insulating layer 13, and the nonaqueous electrolyte material in the present embodiment will be described.
- the positive electrode 11, the negative electrode 12, the porous insulating layer 13, and the nonaqueous electrolyte material in the present embodiment are not limited to the following representative examples.
- the positive electrode current collector 11A may be a foil or plate made of an aluminum alloy containing iron, and a plurality of holes may be formed in the foil or plate.
- the positive electrode mixture layer 11B can include a binder, a conductive agent, and the like in addition to the positive electrode active material.
- a positive electrode active material for example, a lithium composite metal oxide can be used. Typical materials include LiCoO 2 , LiNiO 2 , LiMnO 2 or LiCoNiO 2 .
- the binder for example, PVDF, a derivative of PVDF, or a rubber-based binder (for example, fluororubber and acrylic rubber) is preferably used.
- the conductive agent for example, a material such as graphite such as graphite or carbon black such as acetylene black can be used.
- the volume occupied by the binder in the positive electrode mixture layer 11B is preferably 1% or more and 6% or less with respect to the volume occupied by the positive electrode active material in the positive electrode mixture layer 11B.
- the volume occupied by the conductive agent in the positive electrode mixture layer 11B is preferably 1% or more and 6% or less with respect to the volume occupied by the positive electrode active material in the positive electrode mixture layer 11B. Thereby, even if the porosity of the positive electrode mixture layer 11B is 17% or less, it is possible to suppress a decrease in cycle characteristics without accompanying a decrease in battery capacity.
- the negative electrode current collector 12A for example, a plate made of copper, stainless steel, nickel, or the like can be used, and a plurality of holes may be formed in the plate.
- the negative electrode mixture layer 12B can contain a binder and the like in addition to the negative electrode active material.
- a carbon material such as graphite or carbon fiber, or a silicon compound such as SiO x can be used.
- Such a negative electrode 12 is produced, for example, as follows. First, after preparing a negative electrode mixture slurry containing a negative electrode active material and a binder, the negative electrode mixture slurry is applied onto both surfaces of the negative electrode current collector 12A and dried. Next, the negative electrode current collector provided with the negative electrode active material on both surfaces is rolled. In addition, you may heat-process at predetermined temperature and predetermined time after rolling.
- the porous insulating layer 13 examples include a microporous thin film, a woven fabric, or a non-woven fabric that has a large ion permeability and has a predetermined mechanical strength and insulation.
- a microporous thin film such as polypropylene or polyethylene is preferably used as the porous insulating layer 13. Since polyolefin is excellent in durability and has a shutdown function, the safety of the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery can be improved.
- the microporous thin film may be a single layer film made of one material, or a composite film or a multilayer film made of two or more materials. Also good.
- the non-aqueous electrolyte contains an electrolyte and a non-aqueous solvent that dissolves the electrolyte.
- non-aqueous solvent a known non-aqueous solvent can be used.
- 1 type such as cyclic carbonate ester, chain
- 1 type such as cyclic carbonate ester, chain
- 2 or more types may be mixed and used for it.
- electrolyte examples include LiClO 4 , LiBF 4 , LiPF 6 , LiAlCl 4 , LiSbF 6 , LiSCN, LiCF 3 SO 3 , LiCF 3 CO 2 , LiAsF 6 , LiB 10 Cl 10 , lower aliphatic lithium carboxylate, LiCl, LiBr , LiI, chloroborane lithium, borates or imide salts may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the amount of the electrolyte dissolved in the nonaqueous solvent is preferably 0.5 mol / m 3 or more and 2 mol / m 3 or less.
- the non-aqueous electrolyte includes an additive having a function of increasing the charge / discharge efficiency of the battery by decomposing on the negative electrode to form a film having high lithium ion conductivity on the negative electrode. You may go out.
- an additive having such a function for example, one kind such as vinylene carbonate (VC), vinyl ethylene carbonate (VEC) or divinyl ethylene carbonate may be used alone, or two or more kinds may be used. May be used in combination.
- a cylindrical lithium ion secondary battery has been described as an example of a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery.
- a prismatic lithium ion secondary battery or a nickel hydride storage battery can be used within the scope of the effects of the present invention.
- the present invention can also be applied.
- the current collection in the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery may be performed via the lead as described above, or may be performed via the current collector plate. If the current is collected via the current collecting plate, the resistance during current collection can be reduced.
- the porosity of the positive electrode mixture layer is low. Specifically, the porosity of the positive electrode mixture layer is preferably 15% or less, and more preferably 10% or less. However, if the porosity of the positive electrode mixture layer is too low, the positive electrode mixture layer is difficult to hold the nonaqueous electrolyte. In order to increase the capacity while ensuring retention of the nonaqueous electrolyte by the positive electrode mixture layer, the porosity of the positive electrode mixture layer is preferably 5% or more.
- the copolymer containing VdF units is not limited to a copolymer of VdF and HFP, and can be appropriately selected as necessary.
- the obtained positive electrode mixture slurry was made into an iron-containing aluminum foil having a thickness of 15 ⁇ m (positive electrode current collector, A8021H-H18-15RK manufactured by Nihon Foil Co., Ltd., 1.5% by mass with respect to aluminum. It was applied to both sides of the iron. At this time, the positive electrode mixture slurry was not applied to the portion of the positive electrode current collector where the positive electrode lead was connected. After drying the positive electrode mixture slurry, the positive electrode current collector provided with the positive electrode active material on the surface was rolled to obtain a positive electrode plate having a thickness of 0.157 mm. At this time, the porosity of the positive electrode mixture layer was 15%.
- the obtained positive electrode plate was cut into a width of 57 mm and a length of 564 mm to obtain a positive electrode.
- the thickness of the positive electrode active material layer was 71 ⁇ m per side of the current collector.
- the obtained positive electrode was heat-treated with hot air at 190 ° C. for 5 seconds.
- the tensile strength of the positive electrode after the heat treatment was measured as described above. As a result, the tensile strength of the positive electrode was 15 N / cm, and the peel strength between the positive electrode current collector and the positive electrode mixture layer was 9 N / m.
- the obtained negative electrode mixture slurry was applied to both surfaces of a copper foil (negative electrode current collector) having a thickness of 8 ⁇ m. At this time, the negative electrode mixture slurry was not applied to the portion of the negative electrode current collector where the negative electrode lead was connected. After drying the negative electrode mixture slurry, the negative electrode current collector provided with the negative electrode active material on the surface was rolled to obtain a negative electrode plate having a thickness of 0.156 mm.
- the obtained negative electrode plate was cut into a width of 58.5 mm and a length of 750 mm to obtain a negative electrode.
- the thickness of the negative electrode active material layer was 74 ⁇ m per side of the current collector.
- the obtained negative electrode was heat-treated with hot air at 190 ° C. for 10 hours in a nitrogen atmosphere.
- a liquid non-aqueous electrolyte was used. Specifically, vinylene carbonate is added to a mixed solvent containing ethylene carbonate and dimethyl carbonate at a volume ratio of 1: 3 at a concentration of 5 wt% (about 0.6 mol / L), and 1.0 mol of LiPF 6 is added. It was dissolved at a concentration of / L.
- one end of an aluminum positive electrode lead is connected to a portion of the positive electrode current collector where the positive electrode mixture slurry has not been applied, and a portion of the negative electrode current collector that is not coated with the negative electrode mixture slurry is made of nickel.
- One end of the negative electrode lead was connected. Thereafter, the positive electrode and the negative electrode were arranged so that the positive electrode lead and the negative electrode lead were extended in the same direction, and a polyethylene separator was arranged between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and wound. The electrode group thus obtained was compressed from one direction to produce a flat electrode group.
- a lower insulating plate was disposed at the lower end of the obtained electrode group, and the flat electrode group was accommodated in a rectangular battery case with the lower insulating plate disposed at the lower end.
- the other end of the negative electrode lead was connected to a rivet located at the center of the sealing plate, and the other end of the positive electrode lead was connected to the back surface of the sealing plate.
- the periphery of the sealing plate was fitted into the opening of the battery case, and the sealing plate was welded to the opening of the battery case by laser welding. Thereafter, 2.14 g of a non-aqueous electrolyte was injected from the injection hole. Then, after charging with a current of 200 mA for 30 minutes, the injection hole was closed with a plug, and the plug was welded to the rectangular battery case by laser welding. Thus, a rectangular lithium ion secondary battery (battery 6) having a width of 35 mm, a thickness of 5.7 mm, and a total height of 36 mm was produced.
- a battery 7 was produced in the same manner as the battery 6 except that the amount of PvdF added was 1.5 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the positive electrode active material.
- the porosity of the positive electrode mixture layer was 15%.
- a battery 8 was produced in the same manner as the battery 6 except that the amount of PvdF added was 0.6 part by mass per 100 parts by mass of the positive electrode active material. The porosity of the positive electrode mixture layer was 15%.
- Battery 9 A battery 9 was produced in the same manner as the battery 6 except that the heat treatment after rolling was not performed on the positive electrode.
- the porosity of the positive electrode mixture layer was 15%.
- a battery 10 was produced in the same manner as the battery 6 except that the amount of PvdF added was 1.7 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the positive electrode active material.
- the porosity of the positive electrode mixture layer was 15%.
- a battery 11 was produced in the same manner as the battery 6 except that the amount of PvdF added was 0.4 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the positive electrode active material.
- the porosity of the positive electrode mixture layer was 15%.
- the thickness of the central portion in the axial direction of each battery immediately after fabrication was measured.
- the obtained thickness was set to T1.
- each battery manufactured was charged in a 25 ° C. environment at a constant current of 200 mA until the battery voltage reached 4.1 V, and then the battery voltage was increased to 3.0 V at a constant current of 200 mA.
- the battery was discharged until it decreased, and then charged at a constant current of 200 mA until the battery voltage reached 4.1V.
- the batteries were then stored for 2 days in a 45 ° C. environment. Thereafter, the batteries after storage were each discharged at a constant current of 200 mA until the battery voltage dropped to 2.5 V in a 25 ° C. environment.
- the finishing process was performed.
- the thickness of the center part in the axial direction of each battery was measured. The obtained thickness was set to T2.
- Each battery that has been subjected to the finishing process is charged at a constant current of 200 mA at a constant current of 25 mA until the battery voltage reaches 4.2 V, and charged at a constant voltage of 4.2 V until the current value decreases to 50 mA. Thereafter, the battery was discharged at a constant current of 200 mA until the battery voltage dropped to 2.5V. The discharge capacity at that time was taken as the standard capacity. The obtained result is shown in “capacity” of FIG.
- Each battery was charged at a constant current of 1000 mA at a constant current of 45 mA until the battery voltage reached 4.2 V, charged at a constant voltage of 4.2 V until the current value reached 50 mA, and then a constant current of 1000 mA.
- the battery was discharged until the battery voltage decreased to 2.5 V with current. Such a cycle was repeated 500 times. After the 500th cycle was completed, the thickness T3 of the central portion in the axial direction of each battery was measured.
- the peel strength will be considered. From the results of the batteries 6 to 11, it was confirmed that the peel strength between the positive electrode current collector and the positive electrode mixture layer increases as the binder content in the positive electrode mixture layer increases. The battery 10 was confirmed to be disconnected from the positive electrode because the peel strength between the positive electrode current collector and the positive electrode mixture layer is high.
- the present invention is useful for a high-capacity nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery.
- Electrode group 2 Battery case 3 Sealing plate 4 rivets 5 Gasket 6 Seal 11 Positive electrode 11A positive electrode current collector 11B cathode mix layer 12 Negative electrode 12A negative electrode current collector 12B Negative electrode mixture layer 13 Porous insulation layer
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Abstract
Description
=1-(成分1の体積+成分2の体積+成分3の体積)/(正極合剤層の体積)
ここで、正極合剤層の体積は、走査型電子顕微鏡で正極合剤層の厚みを測定した後に正極を所定の寸法に裁断して算出される。
(a)電池の作製方法
(電池6)
(正極の作製)
まず、平均粒子径が10μmであるLiCoO2を正極活物質として用いた。正極活物質100質量部に対して4.5質量部のアセチレンブラック(導電剤)とポリフッ化ビニリデン(PVDF,結着剤)のN-メチル-2-ピロリドン(NMP)溶液((株)クレハ製の7208)とを混合して、正極合剤スラリーを得た。PVDFの添加量は、正極活物質100質量部あたり1.1質量部とした。
まず、平均粒子径が約20μmの鱗片状人造黒鉛を負極活物質として用いた。負極活物質100質量部に対して3質量部のスチレンブタジエンゴム(結着剤)とカルボキシメチルセルロースを1重量%含む水溶液100質量部とを混合し、負極合剤スラリーを得た。
液状の非水電解質を用いた。具体的には、エチレンカーボネートとジメチルカーボネートとを1:3の体積比で含む混合溶媒に、5wt%(約0.6mol/L)の濃度でビニレンカーボネートを添加すると共に、LiPF6を1.0mol/Lの濃度で溶解させた。
図3に示す角型の非水電解質二次電池を作製した。
PvdFの添加量を正極活物質100質量部あたり1.5質量部としたこと以外は電池6と同様にして、電池7を作製した。正極合剤層の空孔率は15%であった。
PvdFの添加量を正極活物質100質量部あたり0.6質量部としたこと以外は電池6と同様にして、電池8を作製した。正極合剤層の空孔率は15%であった。
正極に対して圧延後の熱処理をしなかったこと以外は電池6と同様にして、電池9を作製した。正極合剤層の空孔率は15%であった。
PvdFの添加量を正極活物質100質量部あたり1.7質量部としたこと以外は電池6と同様にして、電池10を作製した。正極合剤層の空孔率は15%であった。
PvdFの添加量を正極活物質100質量部あたり0.4質量部としたこと以外は電池6と同様にして電池11を作製した。正極合剤層の空孔率は15%であった。
(電極群における正極の切断の有無)
電極群を50個作製して、正極の切断の有無を確認した。その結果を図6の「正極が切れた電極群の数」に示す。
電池6~11について、仕上げ工程の前後における電池の厚みの増加量を測定した。
ΔTI=T2-T1:式(1)
電池6~11の標準容量を以下のようにして測定した。
電池6~11について、サイクル試験後における電池の厚みから作製直後の電池の厚みを引いて、サイクル試験後における各電池の厚みの増加量を測定した。
ΔTS=T3-T1:(式2)
結果を図6に示す。
2 電池ケース
3 封口板
4 リベット
5 ガスケット
6 封栓
11 正極
11A 正極集電体
11B 正極合剤層
12 負極
12A 負極集電体
12B 負極合剤層
13 多孔質絶縁層
Claims (6)
- 正極と負極とが多孔質絶縁層を介して捲回されて形成された電極群を備えた角形の非水電解質二次電池であって、
前記正極は、正極集電体と、前記正極集電体の少なくとも一方の表面上に設けられ、正極活物質及び結着剤を含む正極合剤層とを有し、
前記正極合剤層の空孔率は、17%以下であり、
前記正極の伸び率が1%であるときの前記正極の引張り強度は、15N/cm以下であり、
前記正極集電体と前記正極合剤層との間における剥離強度は、3N/m以上15N/m以下である角形の非水電解質二次電池。 - 請求項1に記載の角形の非水電解質二次電池であって、
前記正極合剤層は、100質量部の前記正極活物質に対して0.5質量部以上1.5質量部以下の前記結着剤を含んでいる角形の非水電解質二次電池。 - 請求項2に記載の角形の非水電解質二次電池であって、
前記正極合剤層は、100質量部の前記正極活物質に対して1.1質量部以上1.5質量部以下の前記結着剤を含んでいる角形の非水電解質二次電池。 - 請求項1に記載の角形の非水電解質二次電池であって、
前記結着剤は、PVdF又はVdF単位を含む共重合体である角形の非水電解質二次電池。 - 請求項4に記載の角形の非水電解質二次電池であって、
前記結着剤の分子量は、100万以上である角形の非水電解質二次電池。 - 請求項1に記載の角形の非水電解質二次電池を製造する方法であって、
前記正極活物質及び前記結着剤が含まれた正極合剤スラリーを前記正極集電体の表面上に設ける工程(a)と、
前記正極合剤スラリーを乾燥させる工程(b)と、
前記正極活物質及び前記結着剤が表面上に設けられた正極集電体を圧延する工程(c)と、
圧延された正極集電体を熱処理する工程(d)とを備えている角形の非水電解質二次電池の製造方法。
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US13/122,511 US20110183173A1 (en) | 2009-07-21 | 2010-06-17 | Rectangular nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery and method for manufacturing the same |
CN2010800032799A CN102224629A (zh) | 2009-07-21 | 2010-06-17 | 方形的非水电解质二次电池及其制造方法 |
JP2011501036A JP5325283B2 (ja) | 2009-07-21 | 2010-06-17 | 角形の非水電解質二次電池及びその製造方法 |
EP10802043A EP2458671A1 (en) | 2009-07-21 | 2010-06-17 | Rectangular nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery and method for manufacturing same |
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WO2012169094A1 (ja) * | 2011-06-06 | 2012-12-13 | Jsr株式会社 | 蓄電デバイス用正極 |
WO2013094100A1 (ja) * | 2011-12-22 | 2013-06-27 | パナソニック株式会社 | 二次電池用正極およびこれを用いた二次電池 |
KR20190070330A (ko) | 2016-10-31 | 2019-06-20 | 스미또모 가가꾸 가부시끼가이샤 | 리튬 이차 전지용 정극 및 리튬 이차 전지 |
JP2019533283A (ja) * | 2016-09-22 | 2019-11-14 | ジーアールエスティー・インターナショナル・リミテッド | 電極アセンブリ |
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Also Published As
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CN102224629A (zh) | 2011-10-19 |
US20110183173A1 (en) | 2011-07-28 |
JP5325283B2 (ja) | 2013-10-23 |
EP2458671A1 (en) | 2012-05-30 |
KR20110063655A (ko) | 2011-06-13 |
JPWO2011010421A1 (ja) | 2012-12-27 |
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