WO2011000324A1 - 检测分离的低刚度的透明或半透明体的缺陷的设备和方法 - Google Patents

检测分离的低刚度的透明或半透明体的缺陷的设备和方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011000324A1
WO2011000324A1 PCT/CN2010/074901 CN2010074901W WO2011000324A1 WO 2011000324 A1 WO2011000324 A1 WO 2011000324A1 CN 2010074901 W CN2010074901 W CN 2010074901W WO 2011000324 A1 WO2011000324 A1 WO 2011000324A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
transparent
conveyor
rigidity
translucent body
image
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2010/074901
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
林晓峰
史伟杰
李慧芬
邓文华
陈海峰
陈大志
Original Assignee
法国圣-戈班玻璃公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 法国圣-戈班玻璃公司 filed Critical 法国圣-戈班玻璃公司
Priority to JP2012518016A priority Critical patent/JP5607734B2/ja
Priority to US13/381,422 priority patent/US20120105624A1/en
Priority to EP10793618A priority patent/EP2450694A1/en
Publication of WO2011000324A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011000324A1/zh

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Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/84Systems specially adapted for particular applications
    • G01N21/88Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
    • G01N21/95Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination characterised by the material or shape of the object to be examined
    • G01N21/958Inspecting transparent materials or objects, e.g. windscreens
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/84Systems specially adapted for particular applications
    • G01N21/88Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
    • G01N21/90Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination in a container or its contents
    • G01N21/9009Non-optical constructional details affecting optical inspection, e.g. cleaning mechanisms for optical parts, vibration reduction
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/84Systems specially adapted for particular applications
    • G01N21/88Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
    • G01N21/8851Scan or image signal processing specially adapted therefor, e.g. for scan signal adjustment, for detecting different kinds of defects, for compensating for structures, markings, edges
    • G01N2021/8887Scan or image signal processing specially adapted therefor, e.g. for scan signal adjustment, for detecting different kinds of defects, for compensating for structures, markings, edges based on image processing techniques

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to apparatus and methods for detecting defects of separated low stiffness transparent or translucent bodies. Background technique
  • Defects in transparent or translucent products include local defects such as inclusions and voids and contaminants such as dust and hair.
  • the size of the defect ranges from a few tenths to several thousand microns.
  • the quality control operator inspects the defects in the product by the naked eye.
  • manual quality inspection and control cannot be intervened, but there is no completely automatic detection equipment, so there is no quality control in the automatic product line.
  • a plurality of rollers are used to form a moving member to convey a glass as a transparent body of a separate jaw stiffness.
  • a lighting component is disposed on one side of the glass and at a gap between two of the plurality of rollers and projects light onto the glass.
  • An imaging array (image pickup unit) formed of a plurality of linear sensor cameras is disposed on the other side of the glass, receives light projected from the illumination member and transmitted through the glass, and generates a set of one-dimensional images.
  • the image processing component reconstructs the two-dimensional image based on the set of one-dimensional images and analyzes the two-dimensional image to find defects in the glass.
  • the method and apparatus disclosed in the above patent application cannot be applied to a low-rigidity transparent body because the low-rigidity transparent body has low rigidity and cannot move on these rollers.
  • U.S. Patent Application No. US 2006/0203246 A1 discloses an apparatus and method for defect detection of a continuous low stiffness transparent body.
  • a pair of guide rollers are used as moving parts for conveying a continuous low-rigidity transparent film as a continuous low-rigidity transparent body, wherein the continuous low-rigidity transparent film surrounds this Rotate the guide roller.
  • a light source is disposed under the continuous low-rigidity transparent film and linear light is projected onto the transparent film.
  • An optical receiver is disposed on the other side of the transparent film opposite the optical receiver and receives light transmitted through the transparent film to produce an image.
  • the judging means determines whether or not there is a defect in the transparent film based on the generated image.
  • an image capture device comprising: a first conveyor and a second conveyor for conveying a separate low-rigidity transparent or translucent body; a transparent bridge disposed at the separation Between the first conveyor and the second conveyor on a transmission path of a low-rigidity transparent or translucent body, the transparent bridge has an upper surface; and a lighting unit disposed on one side of the transparent bridge For projecting scattered light through the transparent bridge to the upper surface of the transparent bridge; and an image pickup unit disposed on the other side of the transparent bridge for low rigidity when the separation When a transparent or translucent body enters the upper surface of the transparent bridge, receiving is projected from the illumination unit and transmitted through the Separate low stiffness transparent or translucent light to form an image.
  • a method for manufacturing an image capture device comprising: disposing a transparent bridge on a transport path of a separate low-rigidity transparent or translucent body, a first conveyor and a second conveyor Between the above, the transparent bridge has an upper surface, and the illumination unit is disposed at one side of the transparent bridge, wherein the illumination unit is configured to project scattered light through the transparent bridge to the transparent bridge And the image pickup unit is disposed on the other side of the transparent bridge, wherein the image pickup unit is configured to enter the transparent bridge when the separated low-rigidity transparent or translucent body
  • the upper surface receives light that is projected from the illumination unit and transmitted through the separate low stiffness transparent or translucent body to form an image.
  • an apparatus for detecting a defect of a separated low-rigidity transparent or translucent body comprising: a first conveyor and a second conveyor for conveying separated low-rigidity transparency Or a translucent body; a transparent bridge disposed between the first conveyor and the second conveyor on the transport path of the separate low-rigidity transparent or translucent body, the transparent bridge having an upper surface a lighting unit disposed on one side of the transparent bridge for projecting scattered light through the transparent bridge to the upper surface of the transparent bridge; an image pickup unit disposed on the transparent bridge The other side is for receiving a low stiffness transparent or projected from the illumination unit and transmitting through the separation when the separate low stiffness transparent or translucent body enters the upper surface of the transparent bridge Light of the translucent body to form an image; and an image processing unit for processing the formed image to determine whether there is a defect in the separated low-rigidity transparent or translucent body.
  • a method for detecting a defect of a separated low-rigidity transparent or translucent body includes: projecting scattered light onto an upper surface of a transparent bridge; receiving transmission through the transparent portion Separate low-stiffness transparent or translucent light on the upper surface of the bridge to form an image; and processing the formed image to determine presence in the separate low-rigidity transparent or translucent body defect.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an apparatus for detecting defects of a separated low-rigidity transparent or translucent body according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIGS. 2A and 2B are diagrams showing an example of a transmitter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an apparatus for detecting defects of a separated low-rigidity transparent or translucent body according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the device 10 includes an image capture device 100, an image processing unit 200, and an execution device 300.
  • the image capture device 100 is for acquiring images, which include two transmitters 102 and 104, a transparent bridge 106, a lighting unit 108, and an image pickup unit 110.
  • the conveyors 102 and 104 are used to convey a separate plastic sheet B1 as an example of a separate low-rigidity transparent/translucent body.
  • the conveyors 102 and 104 are disposed at predetermined intervals on the conveying path of the separated plastic sheet B1.
  • each of the conveyors 102 and 104 includes two rollers and an endless belt, wherein the two rollers are arranged at a predetermined interval on the conveying path of the separated plastic sheet B1 and When rotated, the endless belt rotates about the two rollers and rotates as the two rollers rotate to convey the separated plastic sheet B1 along the conveying path.
  • the endless belt may be a wide endless belt or a plurality of narrow endless belts arranged at predetermined intervals, as shown in Figs.
  • a transparent bridge 106 is disposed between the conveyors 102 and 104.
  • the transparent bridge 106 has an upper surface T1, and after the separated plastic sheet B1 enters the upper surface T1 of the transparent bridge 106, the separated plastic sheet B1 can be smoothly moved, so that the image pickup unit 110 can obtain good image quality.
  • the upper surface T1 of the transparent bridge 106 is lower than the upper surfaces S1 and S2 of the conveyors 102 and 104, and the transparent bridge 106 is adjacent to the conveyors 102 and 104 so that when the separated plastic sheet B1 enters the transparent bridge 106 from the conveyor 102, The separated plastic sheet B1 does not fall into the gap between the conveyor 102 and the transparent bridge 106, and when the separated plastic sheet B1 enters the conveyor 104 from the transparent bridge 106, the separated plastic sheet B1 is not carried by the conveyor 104.
  • the side surface collides and loses smooth movement or some rotation.
  • the upper surface T1 of the transparent bridge 106 is 1-3 mm lower than the upper surfaces S1 and S2 of the conveyors 102 and 104, and the gap between the transparent bridge 106 and the conveyor 102 and at the transparent bridge 106 and the conveyor 104.
  • the gap between them is less than half the thickness of the separated plastic sheet B1.
  • the cross section of the transparent bridge 106 parallel to the transport path of the separated plastic sheet B1 and perpendicular to the upper surface T1 of the transparent bridge 106 may be an inverted trapezoid or a rectangle, and the transparent bridge 106 may be made of PMMA (Plexiglas) ) or made of transparent materials such as glass.
  • the illumination unit 108 is disposed below (lower side) of the transparent bridge 106, and diffuses light to the upper surface T1 of the transparent bridge 106 through the transparent bridge 106.
  • the image pickup unit 110 is disposed above (upper side) of the transparent bridge 106 for receiving light projected by the illumination unit 108 and transmitted through the separated plastic sheet B1 to form an image.
  • the image pickup unit 110 may be a linear sensor camera array.
  • the image processing unit 200 is for processing an image acquired by the image pickup device 100 to judge whether or not there is a defect in the separated plastic film B1.
  • the image processing unit 200 first performs an auto-threshold on the image acquired by the image acquisition device 100 to acquire two different thresholds for binarizing the acquired image. Then, the image processing unit 200 performs binarization processing on the acquired images using each of the two acquired thresholds to acquire two binarized images. Next, the image processing unit 200 detects whether the Any one of the two binarized images includes an area in which the gray level is different from the gray level of the background of the binarized image including the area, wherein, as shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, The area may be, for example, a black dot, a black line, a white point, a white line, or the like.
  • the image processing unit 200 determines the separation in the There is a defect in the plastic film B1, or if any one of the two binarized images is detected to have no gradation region whose background is different from the background of the binarized image containing the image, the image processing is performed.
  • Unit 200 determines that there are no defects in the separated plastic film B1.
  • the executing device 300 is for processing the separated plastic film B1 based on whether or not there is a defect in the separated plastic film B1.
  • the executing device 300 includes a judging unit, a washing machine, and a moving unit.
  • the determining unit is configured to determine whether the separated plastic film B1 is detected for the first time by checking whether the separated plastic film B1 is from the cleaning machine when the image processing unit 200 determines that there is a defect in the separated plastic film B1. When it is found that the separated plastic film B1 is from the cleaning machine, it is judged that the separated plastic film B1 is not detected for the first time, and when it is found that the separated plastic film B1 is not from the cleaning machine, It is judged that the separated plastic film B1 is detected for the first time.
  • the cleaning machine is used to perform a cleaning operation.
  • the moving unit is configured to move the separated plastic film B1 to the product line when the image processing unit 200 determines that there is no defect in the separated plastic film B1, and the determining unit determines that the separated plastic film B1 is
  • the separated plastic film B1 is moved to the cleaning machine for cleaning when it is first detected, and the separated plastic film B1 is rejected when the judging unit judges that the separated plastic film B1 is not detected for the first time.
  • the inclusions are the most common defects in plastic sheets, but their detection is easily disturbed by the rough surface of the plastic sheets.
  • the peaks and valleys on the rough surface of the plastic sheet refract light and appear as dark particles in the original image. This dark spot will be a defect candidate and will be easily confused with the contents of the plastic sheet.
  • the adverse effect caused by the rough surface of the plastic sheet is reduced.
  • a defect having a size smaller than the pixel resolution is scattered and has an enlarged image, and thus can be detected.
  • the device of the embodiment can detect defects that are invisible to the naked eye in the separated plastic film, and thus, by using the device of the embodiment, a high-quality separated plastic film can be obtained, which satisfies high-end users. Quality requirements.
  • B1 defects account for the surface area ratio of less than 10-7 in general, and in the case where the ratio is more preferably less than 10 skilled in the art will appreciate, the value shown herein defects account for the surface area ratio is not intended to limit the reduction and The scope of protection of the present invention.
  • the transparent bridge 106 is disposed such that the upper surface T1 of the transparent bridge 106 is lower than the upper surfaces S1 and S2 of the conveyors 102 and 104 and the transparent bridge 106 is adjacent to the conveyor 102 and 104, in order to achieve the following:
  • the separated plastic sheet B1 enters the transparent bridge 106 from the conveyor 102, the separated plastic sheet B1 does not fall into the gap between the conveyor 102 and the transparent bridge 106, and when the separation When the plastic sheet B1 enters the conveyor 104 from the transparent bridge 106, the separated plastic sheet B1 is not collided by the side surface of the conveyor 104 and loses smooth movement or some rotation.
  • the present invention is not limited to the adoption of a transparent bridge.
  • the above is achieved by 106 being arranged such that the upper surface T1 of the transparent bridge 106 is lower than the upper surfaces S1 and S2 of the conveyors 102 and 104 and the transparent bridge 106 is adjacent to the conveyors 102 and 104.
  • other means may be employed to achieve the above objectives.
  • the upper surface T1 of the transparent bridge 106 is as high as the upper surfaces S1 and S2 of the conveyors 102 and 104, and the transparent bridge 106 need not be adjacent to the conveyors 102 and 104.
  • the operator manually transfers the separated plastic sheet B1 from the conveyor 102 to the transparent bridge 106, and when the separated plastic When the sheet B1 enters the conveyor 104 from the transparent bridge 106, the operator manually transfers the separated plastic sheet B1 from the transparent bridge 106 to the conveyor 104.
  • the upper surface T1 of the transparent bridge 106 is as high as the upper surfaces S1 and S2 of the conveyors 102 and 104, and the transparent bridge 106 is not required.
  • the apparatus 10 includes injection means for injecting air into the gap between the conveyor 102 and the transparent bridge 106 and the gap between the conveyor 104 and the transparent bridge 106.
  • the separated plastic sheet B1 Since the jetted air generates buoyancy to lift the separated plastic sheet B1, the separated plastic sheet B1 does not fall into the gap between the conveyor 102 and the transparent bridge 106 when entering the transparent bridge 106 from the conveyor 102, And when entering the conveyor 104 from the transparent bridge 106, it does not collide with the side surface of the conveyor 104 and loses smooth movement or some rotation.
  • the upper surface T1 of the transparent bridge 106 is as high as the upper surfaces S1 and S2 of the conveyors 102 and 104, the transparent bridge 106 need not be adjacent to the conveyors 102 and 104, and the apparatus 10
  • a first electrode plate and a second electrode plate to which a DC high voltage is applied are respectively disposed above the gap between the transmitter 102 and the transparent bridge 106 and above the gap between the conveyor 104 and the transparent bridge 106. Since the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate are applied with a DC high voltage, the separated plastic sheet B1 enters the transparent bridge 106 from the conveyor 102 and enters the conveyor 104 from the transparent bridge 106 when the separated plastic sheet B1 enters the conveyor 104.
  • the portion of the sheet B1 located at the gap between the conveyor 102 and the transparent bridge 106 will generate an electrostatic force that is attracted to the first electrode plate, and the separated plastic sheet B1 is located at the conveyor 104 and the transparent bridge 106.
  • the portion between the gaps will create an electrostatic force that attracts the second electrode plate so that the separated plastic sheet B1 does not fall between the conveyor 102 and the transparent bridge 106 when entering the transparent bridge 106 from the conveyor 102.
  • In the gap, and when entering the conveyor 104 from the transparent bridge 106 it is not hit by the side surface of the conveyor 104 and loses smooth movement or some rotation.
  • the illumination unit 108 is disposed on the lower side of the transparent bridge 106 and the image pickup unit 110 is disposed on the upper side of the transparent bridge 106
  • the present invention is not limited thereto. herein.
  • the illumination unit 108 may also be disposed on the upper side of the transparent bridge 106, and the image pickup unit 110 may be disposed on the lower side of the transparent bridge 106. That is, in various embodiments of the present invention, the illumination unit 108 is disposed on one side of the transparent bridge 106, and the image pickup unit 110 is disposed on the other side of the transparent bridge 106.
  • the image pickup unit is a linear sensor camera array in the above embodiment, the image pickup unit of the present invention is not limited thereto. In other embodiments of the invention, the image pickup unit may also be a two-dimensional camera. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that although in the above embodiments, the separated plastic sheet B1 is taken as an example of a separate low-rigidity transparent or translucent body, the isolated low-rigidity transparent or translucent body of the present invention It is not limited to the separated plastic sheet B1.
  • the image processing unit described in the above embodiments may be implemented by using software, hardware or a combination of software and hardware. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the various embodiments of the present invention may be variously modified and changed without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The scope of protection is defined by the appended claims.

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Description

检测分离的低刚度的透明或半透明体的缺陷的设备和方法 技术领域
本发明涉及用于检测分离的低刚度的透明或半透明体的缺陷的 设备和方法。 背景技术
透明或半透明产品中的缺陷包括诸如内含物和孔穴等这样的本 地缺陷和诸如灰尘和头发等这样的污染物。该缺陷的大小范围从十几 到几千微米。
在手工产品线中, 质量控制操作员通过肉眼来检查产品中的缺 陷。而在自动产品线中, 出于生产安全的考虑, 人工的质量检测和控 制无法介入, 但又没有完全自动检测的设备, 因此在自动产品线中没 有质量控制。
为了在自动产品线中实现质量控制, 已经发展了许多检测方法和 装置。 它们主要针对两类应用: 一种是诸如玻璃这样的分离的
(Separated)高刚度的透明或半透明体, 另一种是诸如塑料薄片和纸 等这样的低刚度 (low rigidity) 的透明或半透明体。
美国专利申请 US2004/0179193A1披露了用于对分离的高刚度的 透明体进行缺陷检查的方法和设备。
在美国专利申请 US2004/0179193A1中, 使用多个滚轴来形成移 动部件以传送作为分离的髙刚度的透明体的玻璃。照明部件被设置在 该玻璃的一侧以及在该多个滚轴的其中两个滚轴之间的间隙处,并且 将光投射在该玻璃上。 由多个线性传感器照相机形成的成像阵列(图 像拾取部件)被设置在该玻璃的另一侧, 接收从该照明部件投射并透 射通过该玻璃的光, 并且生成一组一维图像。 图像处理部件基于该组 一维图像来重建二维图像,并且分析该二维图像以找到在该玻璃中的 缺陷。 上述专利申请中所披露的方法和设备不能应用到低刚度的透明 体, 因为低刚度的透明体具有低的刚度而不能在这些滚轴上移动。
美国专利申请 US2006/0203246 A 1披露了用于对连续的低刚度的 透明体进行缺陷检测的设备和方法。
在美国专利申请 US2006/0203246A1中, 使用一对引导滚轴作为 移动部件来传送作为连续的低刚度的透明体的连续的低刚度的透明 薄膜, 其中, 该连续的低刚度的透明薄膜绕着这对引导滚轴转动。 光 源被设置在该连续的低刚度的透明薄膜的下方,并且将线性光投射在 该透明薄膜上。光接收机被设置在与该光接收机相对的该透明薄膜的 另一侧, 并且接收透射通过该透明薄膜的光以产生图像。判断装置基 于该产生的图像来确定在该透明薄膜中是否存在缺陷。
美国专利申请 US2006/0203246A1所披露的设备和方法要求该低 刚度的透明薄膜是连续的, 以便该低刚度的透明薄膜能够绕着该对 引导滚轴旋转和移动。
从而, 美国专利申请 US2006/0203246A1所披露的设备和方法不 能应用于分离的低刚度的透明或半透明体。 发明内容
考虑到现有技术的上述问题,本公开提供一种用于检测分离的低 刚度的透明或半透明体的缺陷的设备和方法, 利用该设备和方法, 能 够检测分离的低刚度的透明或半透明体中的缺陷。 按照本发明的一个方面, 提供一种图像采集装置, 包括: 第一传 送器和第二传送器, 用于传送分离的低刚度的透明或半透明体; 透明 桥,被设置在所述分离的低刚度的透明或半透明体的传送路径上所述 第一传送器和所述第二传送器之间, 所述透明桥具有上表面; 照明单 元, 被设置在所述透明桥的一侧, 用于透过所述透明桥将散射光投射 到所述透明桥的所述上表面; 以及, 图像拾取单元, 被设置在所述透 明桥的另一侧,用于当所述分离的低刚度的透明或半透明体进入所述 透明桥的所述上表面时,接收从所述照明单元投射并且透射通过所述 分离的低刚度的透明或半透明体的光以形成图像。 按照本发明的另一方面, 提供一种用于制造图像采集装置的方 法, 包括: 将透明桥设置在分离的低刚度的透明或半透明体的传送路 径上第一传送器和第二传送器之间, 其中, 所述透明桥具有上表面,; 将照明单元设置在所述透明桥的一侧, 其中, 所述照明单元用于透过 所述透明桥将散射光投射到所述透明桥的所述上表面; 以及, 将图像 拾取单元设置在所述透明桥的另一侧, 其中, 所述图像拾取单元用于 当所述分离的低刚度的透明或半透明体进入所述透明桥的所述上表 面时,接收从所述照明单元投射并且透射通过所述分离的低刚度的透 明或半透明体的光以形成图像。 按照本发明的再一方面,提供一种用于检测分离的低刚度的透明 或半透明体的缺陷的设备, 包括: 第一传送器和第二传送器, 用于传 送分离的低刚度的透明或半透明体; 透明桥, 被设置在所述分离的低 刚度的透明或半透明体的传送路径上所述第一传送器和所述第二传 送器之间, 所述透明桥具有上表面; 照明单元, 被设置在所述透明桥 的一侧,用于透过所述透明桥将散射光投射到所述透明桥的所述上表 面; 图像拾取单元, 被设置在所述透明桥的另一侧, 用于当所述分离 的低刚度的透明或半透明体进入所述透明桥的所述上表面时,接收从 所述照明单元投射并且透射通过所述分离的低刚度的透明或半透明 体的光以形成图像; 以及, 图像处理单元,用于处理所述形成的图像, 以判断在所述分离的低刚度的透明或半透明体中是否存在缺陷。 按照本发明的又再一方面,提供一种用于检测分离的低刚度的透 明或半透明体的缺陷的方法,包括:将散射光投射到透明桥的上表面; 接收透射通过位于所述透明桥的所述上表面上的分离的低刚度的透 明或半透明体的光以形成图像; 以及, 处理所述形成的图像以判断在 所述分离的低刚度的透明或半透明体中是否存在缺陷。 附图说明
本发明的其它特点和优点通过以下结合附图的详细说明将变得 更加显而易见。 其中:
图 1 是示出按照本发明一个实施例的用于检测分离的低刚度的 透明或半透明体的缺陷的设备的示意图;
图 2A和 2B是示出按照本发明一个实施例的传送器的例子; 以 及
图 3A和 3B是示出二值化的图像包含其灰度不同于该二值化的 图像的背景的灰度的区域的例子。 具体实施方式 下面, 结合附图详细描述本发明的各个实施例。 图 1 是示出按照本发明一个实施例的用于检测分离的低刚度的 透明或半透明体的缺陷的设备的示意图。
如图 1所示, 设备 10包括图像采集装置 100、 图像处理单元 200 和执行装置 300。 图像采集装置 100用于采集图像,其包括两个传送器 102和 104、 透明桥 106、 照明单元 108和图像拾取单元 110。
传送器 102和 104用于传送作为分离的低刚度的透明 /半透明体 的例子的分离的塑料薄片 B1。在该分离的塑料薄片 B1的传送路径上 以预定间隔设置传送器 102和 104。在本实施例中,传送器 102和 104 的每一个都包括两个滚轴和一个环状带子, 其中, 该两个滚轴以预定 间隔被布置在该分离的塑料薄片 B1的传送路径上并且当被驱动时旋 转,该环状带子绕着该两个滚轴转动并且随着该两个滚轴的旋转而旋 转以沿着传送路径来传送该分离的塑料薄片 Bl。 该环状带子可以是 一个宽环状带子或者是以预定间隔布置的多个窄环状带子, 如图 2A 和 2B所示。 透明桥 106被设置在传送器 102和 104之间。透明桥 106具有上 表面 T1 , 并且在该分离的塑料薄片 B1进入透明桥 106的上表面 T1 后, 该分离的塑料薄片 B1可以平滑地移动, 以便图像拾取单元 110 能够获得良好的图像质量。 透明桥 106的上表面 T1比传送器 102和 104的上表面 S1和 S2低, 并且透明桥 106靠近传送器 102和 104, 以便当该分离的塑料薄片 B1从传送器 102进入透明桥 106时, 该分 离的塑料薄片 B1不陷入传送器 102和透明桥 106之间的间隙中, 以 及当该分离的塑料薄片 B1从透明桥 106进入传送器 104时, 该分离 的塑料薄片 B1没有被传送器 104的侧表面碰撞而失去了平滑移动或 者有一些旋转。优选地,透明桥 106的上表面 T1比传送器 102和 104 的上表面 S1和 S2低 1-3毫米, 以及在透明桥 106和传送器 102之间 的间隙以及在透明桥 106和传送器 104之间的间隙都小于该分离的塑 料薄片 B1 的厚度的一半。 在本实施例中, 与该分离的塑料薄片 B1 的传送路径平行且与透明桥 106的上表面 T1垂直的透明桥 106的剖 面可以是倒梯形 或矩形, 以及透明桥 106可以由 PMMA (有机 玻璃)或者玻璃等透明材料制成。
照明单元 108被设置在透明桥 106的下方 (下侧), 透过透明桥 106将散射光 (diffusive light) 投射到透明桥 106的上表面 Tl。
图像拾取单元 110被设置在透明桥 106的上方 (上侧), 用于接 收由照明单元 108投射并且透射通过该分离的塑料薄片 B1的光, 以 形成图像。在本实施例中, 图像拾取单元 110可以是线性传感器照相 机阵列。 图像处理单元 200用于处理由图像采集装置 100所采集的图像, 以判断在该分离的塑料薄膜 B1中是否存在缺陷。
在本实施例中,图像处理单元 200首先对图像采集装置 100采集 的图像执行自动阈值处理 (auto-threshold) , 以获取用于对该采集的 图像进行二值化处理的两个不同的阈值。然后, 图像处理单元 200使 用该两个获取的阈值中的每一个分别对该采集的图像执行二值化处 理, 以获取两个二值化的图像。接着, 图像处理单元 200检测是否该 两个二值化的图像中的任意一个包含有这样的区域:该区域的灰度不 同于包含该区域的二值化的图像的背景的灰度,其中,如图 3A和 3B 所示, 该区域可以是例如黑点、 黑线、 白点、 白线等。 最后, 如果检 测发现该两个二值化的图像中的任意一个包含有其灰度不同于包含 其的二值化的图像的背景的灰度的区域,则图像处理单元 200确定在 该分离的塑料薄膜 B1中存在缺陷, 或者如果检测发明该两个二值化 的图像中的任意一个都没有包含其灰度不同于包含其的二值化的图 像的背景的灰度的区域,则图像处理单元 200确定在该分离的塑料薄 膜 B1中不存在缺陷。 执行装置 300用于基于该分离的塑料薄膜 B1中是否存在缺陷来 处理该分离的塑料薄膜 Bl。 执行装置 300包括判断单元、 清洗机器 和移动单元。该判断单元用于当图像处理单元 200确定该分离的塑料 薄膜 B1中存在缺陷时, 通过检查该分离的塑料薄膜 B1是否来自该 清洗机器来判断该分离的塑料薄膜 B1是否是第一次被检测, 其中, 当检査发现该分离的塑料薄膜 B1来自该清洗机器时, 判断该分离的 塑料薄膜 B1不是第一次被检测, 以及当检查发现该分离的塑料薄膜 B1不是来自该清洗机器时,判断该分离的塑料薄膜 B1是第一次被检 测。该清洗机器用于执行清洗操作。该移动单元用于当图像处理单元 200确定该分离的塑料薄膜 B1中不存在缺陷时将该分离的塑料薄膜 B1 移动到产品线的下一步骤, 当该判断单元判断该分离的塑料薄膜 B1 是第一次被检测时将该分离的塑料薄膜 B1 移动到该清洗机器以 进行清洗, 以及当该判断单元判断该分离的塑料薄膜 B1不是第一次 被检测时拒绝该分离的塑料薄膜 Bl。 内含物是塑料薄片中最常见的缺陷,但是针对它的检测很容易被 塑料薄片的粗糙表面干扰。在塑料薄片的粗糙表面上的峰和谷会折射 光, 从而在原始图像中呈现为暗点 (dark particles )。 该暗点将是缺陷 候选者并且容易与塑料薄片的内含物混淆。然而, 通过利用本实施例 中的散射光, 减少了塑料薄片的粗糙表面所造成的不利影响。 此外, 通过利用本实施例中的散射光, 尺寸比像素分辨率小的缺 陷被散射并具有放大的图像, 从而也能够被检测到。
由此可见,本实施例的设备可以检测出分离的塑料薄膜中存在的 肉眼看不到的缺陷, 从而, 通过采用本实施例的设备能够获取高质量 的分离的塑料薄膜, 满足高端用户对高质量的要求。
在经过本实施例的设备检测不存在缺陷之后,该分离的塑料薄膜
B1 的缺陷占表面积的比率一般情况下小于 10— 7, 而在更优的情况下 该比率小于 10 本领域技术人员应当理解, 这里所示出的缺陷占表 面积的比率的数值不用于限制和缩小本发明的保护范围。 本领域技术人员应当理解, 虽然在上面的实施例中, 透明桥 106 被设置为透明桥 106的上表面 T1 比传送器 102和 104的上表面 S1 和 S2低以及透明桥 106靠近传送器 102和 104, 以达到以下目的: 当该分离的塑料薄片 B1从传送器 102进入透明桥 106时, 该分离的 塑料薄片 B1不陷入传送器 102和透明桥 106之间的间隙中, 以及当 该分离的塑料薄片 B1从透明桥 106进入传送器 104时, 该分离的塑 料薄片 B1没有被传送器 104的侧表面碰撞而失去了平滑移动或者有 一些旋转, 然而, 本发明并不仅局限于通过采用透明桥 106被设置为 透明桥 106的上表面 T1比传送器 102和 104的上表面 S1和 S2低以 及透明桥 106靠近传送器 102和 104的方式来达到上述目的。在本发 明的其他一些实施例中, 也可以采用其它方式来达到上述目的。
例如, 在本发明的其他一些实施例中, 透明桥 106的上表面 T1 与传送器 102和 104的上表面 S1和 S2—样高,透明桥 106不需要靠 近传送器 102和 104。 在这种情况下, 当该分离的塑料薄片 B1从传 送器 102进入透明桥 106时,操作员手工将来自传送器 102的该分离 的塑料薄片 B1传送到透明桥 106,以及当该分离的塑料薄片 B1从透 明桥 106进入传送器 104时,操作员手工将来自透明桥 106的该分离 的塑料薄片 B1传送到传送器 104。
又例如, 在本发明的其他一些实施例中, 透明桥 106 的上表面 T1与传送器 102和 104的上表面 S1和 S2—样高, 透明桥 106不需 要靠近传送器 102和 104, 并且设备 10包括喷射装置, 用于向在传 送器 102和透明桥 106之间的间隙以及在传送器 104和透明桥 106之 间的间隙喷射空气。由于该喷射的空气会产生浮力来托起该分离的塑 料薄片 Bl, 所以该分离的塑料薄片 B1从传送器 102进入透明桥 106 时不会陷入传送器 102和透明桥 106之间的间隙中, 以及从透明桥 106进入传送器 104时不会被传送器 104的侧表面碰撞而失去了平滑 移动或者有一些旋转。
再例如, 在本发明的其他一些实施例中, 透明桥 106 的上表面 T1与传送器 102和 104的上表面 S1和 S2一样高, 透明桥 106不需 要靠近传送器 102和 104, 并且设备 10包括在传送器 102和透明桥 106之间的间隙的上方以及在传送器 104和透明桥 106之间的间隙的 上方分别设置被施加有直流高电压的第一电极板和第二电极板。由于 该第一电极板和第二电极板被施加有直流高电压,所以当该分离的塑 料薄片 B1从传送器 102进入透明桥 106时和从透明桥 106进入传送 器 104时, 该分离的塑料薄片 B1位于在传送器 102和透明桥 106之 间的间隙处的部分将会与该第一电极板产生相互吸引的静电力, 以 及, 该分离的塑料薄片 B1位于在传送器 104和透明桥 106之间的间 隙处的部分将会与该第二电极板产生相互吸引的静电力,从而该分离 的塑料薄片 B1从传送器 102进入透明桥 106时不会陷入传送器 102 和透明桥 106之间的间隙中,以及从透明桥 106进入传送器 104时不 会被传送器 104的侧表面碰撞而失去了平滑移动或者有一些旋转。 本领域技术人员应当理解, 虽然在上面的实施例中, 照明单元 108被设置在透明桥 106的下侧, 而图像拾取单元 110被设置在透明 桥 106的上侧, 然而, 本发明并不局限于此。在本发明的其它一些实 施例中, 也可以将照明单元 108设置在透明桥 106的上侧, 而将图像 拾取单元 110设置在透明桥 106的下侧。也就是说, 在本发明的各个 实施例中, 照明单元 108被设置在透明桥 106的一侧, 而图像拾取单 元 110被设置在透明桥 106的另一侧。 本领域技术人员应当理解, 虽然在上面的实施例中, 图像拾取单 元是线性传感器照相机阵列,然而本发明的图像拾取单元并不局限于 此。 在本发明的其他实施例中, 图像拾取单元也可以是二维照相机。 本领域技术人员应当理解, 虽然在上面的实施例中, 分离的塑料 薄片 B1被作为分离的低刚度的透明或半透明体的例子, 然而, 本发 明的分离的低刚度的透明或半透明体并不仅局限于该分离的塑料薄 片 Bl。 本领域技术人员应当理解,上面的实施例所描述的图像处理单元 可以利用软件、 硬件或者软硬件相结合的方式来实现。 本领域技术人员应当理解,本发明的上述各个实施例可以在没有 偏离发明实质的情况下做出各种变形和改变,并且这些变形和改变都 应当属于本发明的保护范围; 因此, 本发明的保护范围由所附的权利 要求书来定义。

Claims

1、 一种图像采集装置, 包括:
第一传送器和第二传送器,用于传送分离的低刚度的透明或半透 明体; 权
透明桥,被设置在所述分离的低刚度的透明或半透明体的传送路 径上所述第一传送器和所述第二传送器之间, 所述透明桥具有上表 面;
照明单元, 被设置在所述透明桥的一侧, 用于透过所述透明桥将 散射光投射到所述透明桥的所述上表面; 以及
图像拾取单元, 被设置在所述透明桥的另一侧, 用于当所述分离 的低刚度的透明或半透明体进入所述透明桥的所述上表面时,接收从 所述照明单元投射并且透射通过所述分离的低刚书度的透明或半透明 体的光以形成图像。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的图像采集装置, 其中
所述透明桥的所述上表面比所述第一传送器的上表面和所述第 二传送器的上表面低,以及所述透明桥靠近所述第一传送器和所述第 二传送器。
3、 如权利要求 1所述的图像采集装置, 其中, 还包括: 喷射装置,用于向在所述第一传送器和所述透明桥之间的间隙以 及在所述第二传送器和所述透明桥之间的间隙喷射空气。
4、 如权利要求 1所述的图像采集装置, 其中, 还包括: 第一电极板,被施加直流髙电压并且被设置在所述第一传送器和 所述透明桥之间的间隙的上方; 以及
第二电极板,被施加直流高电压并且被设置在所述第二传送器和 所述透明桥之间的间隙的上方。
5、 如权利要求 1所述的图像采集装置, 其中, 所述第一传送器 和所述第二传送器的每一个进一歩包括:
第一滚轴和第二滚轴, 能够在被驱动时旋转; 以及
环状带子,绕着所述第一滚轴和所述第二滚轴转动并且随着所述 第一滚轴和所述第二滚轴的旋转而旋转,用于传送位于其上的所述分 离的低刚度的透明或半透明体。
6、 如权利要求 5所述的图像采集装置, 其中, 所述环状带子是 一个宽环状带子或者多个窄环状带子。
7、 如权利要求 2所述的图像采集装置, 其中, 所述透明桥的所 述上表面比所述第一传送器的所述上表面和所述第二传送器的所述 上表面低 1-3毫米。
8、 如权利要求 2所述的图像采集装置, 其中, 在所述透明桥与 所述第一传送器之间的间隙以及在所述透明桥与所述第二传送器之 间的间隙小于所述分离的低刚度的透明或半透明体的厚度的一半。
9、 如权利要求 1所述的图像采集装置, 其中, 所述分离的低刚 度的透明或半透明体是分离的塑料薄片。
10、 一种用于制造图像采集装置的方法, 包括:
将透明桥设置在分离的低刚度的透明或半透明体的传送路径上 第一传送器和第二传送器之间, 其中, 所述透明桥具有上表面; 将照明单元设置在所述透明桥的一侧, 其中, 所述照明单元用于 透过所述透明桥将散射光投射到所述透明桥的所述上表面; 以及 将图像拾取单元设置在所述透明桥的另一侧, 其中, 所述图像拾 取单元用于当所述分离的低刚度的透明或半透明体进入所述透明桥 的所述上表面时,接收从所述照明单元投射并且透射通过所述分离的 低刚度的透明或半透明体的光以形成图像。
11、 如权利要求 10所述的方法, 其中
所述透明桥的所述上表面比所述第一传送器的上表面和所述第 二传送器的上表面低,以及所述透明桥靠近所述第一传送器和所述第 二传送器。
12、 如权利要求 10所述的方法, 其中, 所述分离的低刚度的透 明或半透明体是分离的塑料薄片。
13、 一种用于检测分离的低刚度的透明或半透明体的缺陷的设 备, 包括:
第一传送器和第二传送器,用于传送分离的低刚度的透明或半透 明体;
透明桥,被设置在所述分离的低刚度的透明或半透明体的传送路 径上所述第一传送器和所述第二传送器之间, 所述透明桥具有上表 面;
照明单元, 被设置在所述透明桥的一侧, 用于透过所述透明桥将 散射光投射到所述透明桥的所述上表面;
图像拾取单元, 被设置在所述透明桥的另一侧, 用于当所述分离 的低刚度的透明或半透明体进入所述透明桥的所述上表面时,接收从 所述照明单元投射并且透射通过所述分离的低刚度的透明或半透明 体的光以形成图像; 以及
图像处理单元, 用于处理所述形成的图像, 以判断在所述分离的 低刚度的透明或半透明体中是否存在缺陷。
14、 如权利要求 13所述的设备, 其中
所述透明桥的所述上表面比所述第一传送器的上表面和所述第 二传送器的上表面低,以及所述透明桥靠近所述第一传送器和所述第 二传送器。
15、 如权利要求 13所述的设备, 其中, 所述图像处理单元进一 步包括:
阈值计算模块,用于对所述形成的图像执行自动阈值处理以获取 用于对所述形成的图像进行二值化处理的阈值;
二值化模块,用于利用所述获取的阖值对所述形成的图像执行二 值化处理, 以获取二值化的图像;
检测模块,用于检测是否所述二值化的图像中包含有其灰度不同 于所述二值化的图像的背景的灰度的区域; 以及
确定模块,用于当检测发现所述二值化的图像中包含有其灰度不 同于所述二值化的图像的背景的灰度的区域时,确定在所述分离的低 刚度的透明或半透明体中存在缺陷, 以及当检测发现所述二值化的图 像中不包含有其灰度不同于所述二值化的图像的背景的灰度的区域 时, 确定在所述分离的低刚度的透明或半透明体中不存在缺陷。
16、 如权利要求 13所述的设备, 其中, 还包括:
执行装置,用于基于在所述分离的低刚度的透明或半透明体中是 否存在缺陷来处理所述分离的低刚度的透明或半透明体。
17、 如权利要求 16所述的设备, 其中, 所述执行装置进一步包 括:
判断单元,用于当确定在所述分离的低刚度的透明或半透明体中 存在缺陷时,判断所述分离的低刚度的透明或半透明体是否是第一次 被检测;
清洗机器, 用于执行清洗操作; 以及
移动单元,用于当所述判断单元判断所述分离的低刚度的透明或 半透明体是第一次被检测时,将所述分离的低刚度的透明或半透明体 移动到所述清洗机器以进行清洗,以及当所述判断单元判断所述分离 的低刚度的透明或半透明体不是第一次被检测时,拒绝所述分离的低 刚度的透明或半透明体。
18、 如权利要求 13所述的设备, 其中, 所述分离的低刚度的透 明或半透明体是分离的塑料薄片。
19、 如权利要求 13-18中任意一个权利要求所述的设备, 其中 当所述判断单元判断所述分离的低刚度的透明或半透明体不存 在缺陷时,所述分离的低刚度的透明或半透明体的缺陷占表面积的比 率小于 10— 7
20、 如权利要求 19所述的设备, 其中
当所述判断单元判断所述分离的低刚度的透明或半透明体不存 在缺陷时,所述分离的低刚度的透明或半透明体的缺陷占表面积的比 率进一步地小于 10— 8
21、 一种用于检测分离的低刚度的透明或半透明体的缺陷的方 法, 包括:
将散射光投射到透明桥的上表面;
接收透射通过位于所述透明桥的所述上表面上的分离的低刚度 的透明或半透明体的光以形成图像; 以及
处理所述形成的图像以判断在所述分离的低刚度的透明或半透 明体中是否存在缺陷。
22、 如权利要求 21所述的方法, 其中, 所述处理所述形成的图 像的步骤进一步包括:
对所述形成的图像执行自动阈值处理以获取用于对所述形成的 图像进行二值化处理的阈值;
利用所述获取的阈值对所述形成的图像执行二值化处理,以获取 二值化的图像:
检测是否所述二值化的图像中包含有其灰度不同于所述二值化 的图像的背景的灰度的区域; 以及
如果检测发现所述二值化的图像中包含有其灰度不同于所述二 值化的图像的背景的灰度的区域,则确定在所述分离的低刚度的透明 或半透明体中存在缺陷, 以及如果检测发现所述二值化的图像中没有 包含有其灰度不同于所述二值化的图像的背景的灰度的区域,则确定 在所述分离的低刚度的透明或半透明体中不存在缺陷。
23、 如权利要求 21所述的方¾^, 其中, 还包括:
当确定在所述分离的低刚度的透明或半透明体中存在缺陷时,判 断所述分离的低刚度的透明或半透明体是否是第一次被检测;
当判断所述分离的低刚度的透明或半透明体是第一次被检测时, 将所述分离的低刚度的透明或半透明体移动到清洗机器进行清洗; 以 及
当判断所述分离的低刚度的透明或半透明体不是第一次被检测 时, 拒绝所述分离的低刚度的透明或半透明体。
24、 如权利要求 21所述的方法, 其中, 所述分离的低刚度的透 明或半透明体是分离的塑料薄片。
25、 如权利要求 21-24中任意一个权利要求所述的方法, 其中 当确定所述分离的低刚度的透明或半透明体不存在缺陷时,所述 分离的低刚度的透明或半透明体的缺陷占表面积的比率小于 10—7
26、 如权利要求 25所述的方¾^, 其中
当确定所述分离的低刚度的透明或半透明体不存在缺陷时,所述 分离的低刚度的透明或半透明体的缺陷占表面积的比率进一步地小 于 10—8
PCT/CN2010/074901 2009-07-02 2010-07-02 检测分离的低刚度的透明或半透明体的缺陷的设备和方法 WO2011000324A1 (zh)

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