WO2010147111A1 - 無細胞タンパク質合成溶液、無細胞タンパク質合成キット及びタンパク質合成方法 - Google Patents
無細胞タンパク質合成溶液、無細胞タンパク質合成キット及びタンパク質合成方法 Download PDFInfo
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- the present invention relates to a cell-free protein synthesis solution, also referred to as an in-vitro protein synthesis system, a cell-free protein synthesis kit, and a protein synthesis method for synthesizing a desired protein in a cell-free system (in-vitro).
- a cell-free protein synthesis system (in-vitro protein synthesis system) is known as one of the techniques for protein synthesis.
- a protein synthesis system is also known in which a gene encoding a desired protein is introduced into a living cell, and the protein synthesized in the cell or in the culture solution is separated and purified.
- the latter protein synthesis system has a problem that it cannot synthesize proteins that inhibit the growth of the cells used.
- the cell-free protein synthesis system has the advantage that even a protein that is toxic to living cells can be synthesized.
- Patent Document 1 devises a method of maintaining an energy source in order to promote a cell-free protein synthesis reaction.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a technique for changing a DNA (mRNA) sequence as a method for synthesizing a protein that is difficult to synthesize.
- design is required for each protein, and there is a limit in versatility.
- Patent Document 3 discloses a technique for increasing the amount of protein synthesis by including a large amount of template DNA in the reaction system, but this is not a technique that enables synthesis of difficult-to-synthesize proteins, It can be said that the effect of improving the amount of protein synthesis is also low.
- JP 05-076381 Special Table 2006-508672 Publication JP 11-056363 A
- the present invention provides a cell-free protein synthesis solution, a cell-free protein synthesis kit, and a protein with a low synthesis amount in a conventional cell-free protein synthesis system.
- the object is to provide a protein synthesis method.
- the cell-free protein synthesis solution according to the present invention contains one or more compounds among the compounds represented by the following structural formulas (I) to (V).
- the cell-free protein synthesis solution according to the present invention can have the same configuration as a conventionally known cell-free protein synthesis solution except that it contains the compound.
- the cell-free protein synthesis solution according to the present invention is a composition containing one or more compounds among the compounds represented by the following structural formulas (I) to (V). Distinguishable from any solution called a synthetic system.
- the cell-free protein synthesis kit according to the present invention includes a cell-free protein synthesis solution having protein synthesis ability and one or more compounds among the compounds represented by the following structural formulas (I) to (V). .
- the compound may be mixed in advance with a cell-free protein synthesis solution.
- the cell-free protein synthesis kit according to the present invention may contain a solution containing the above compound and a cell-free protein synthesis solution as independent solutions.
- examples of the compound include one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of carnitine, sarcosine, and trimethylglycine.
- the cell-free protein synthesis kit according to the present invention may further include an expression vector into which a gene encoding the protein to be synthesized can be introduced.
- the method for synthesizing a protein according to the present invention comprises synthesizing a protein in a cell-free protein synthesis solution containing one or more compounds represented by the structural formulas (I) to (V) and having protein synthesis ability. Is what you do.
- the cell-free protein synthesis solution according to the present invention contains one or more compounds among the compounds represented by the structural formulas (I) to (V).
- a cell-free protein synthesis solution and a cell-free protein synthesis kit that can synthesize even a protein that has been difficult to synthesize in a conventional cell-free protein synthesis system and that can also improve the amount of protein synthesis. And a protein synthesis method can be provided.
- the cell-free protein synthesis solution, the cell-free protein synthesis kit and the protein synthesis method according to the present invention it is possible to synthesize all kinds of proteins in large quantities without requiring complicated operations.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the steps for constructing G.zeae-derived FDH (GzFDH) / pET23b (+).
- FIG. 4 is a characteristic diagram showing the results of FDH synthesis performed in the presence or absence of betaine (trimethylglycine) in a commercially available cell-free protein synthesis reaction solution, and then the FDH activity was measured.
- FDH synthesis was performed from the template cDNA in the presence or absence of different concentrations of betaine (trimethylglycine), and then the FDH activity was measured (bottom) and It is a characteristic view which shows the result (upper stage) of a Western blot.
- the cell-free protein synthesis solution according to the present invention contains one or more compounds among the compounds represented by the following structural formulas (I) to (V).
- the cell-free protein synthesis kit according to the present invention includes a cell-free protein synthesis solution having protein synthesis ability and one or more compounds among the compounds represented by the following structural formulas (I) to (V). .
- R 1 to R 3 are alkyl groups having 1 to 4, preferably 1 to 2, more preferably 1 carbon atoms. In particular, at least one of R 1 to R 3 is more preferably a methyl group.
- R 4 is an amino acid side chain (excluding hydrogen).
- R 4 is particularly preferably a glycine side chain, a serine side chain, a threonine side chain, an asparagine side chain, and a glutamine side chain. The reason is that the side chains of these amino acids are neutral and hydrophilic.
- n in the structural formulas (I) and (IV) and n 1 and n 2 in the structural formula (II) is 1 to 4, preferably 1 to 2, and more preferably 1. If the value of n and the sum of n 1 and n 2 exceed the above range, it is difficult to dissolve in the cell-free protein synthesis solution.
- the compounds represented by the above structural formulas (I) to (V) are present in a cell-free protein synthesis solution containing mRNA or cDNA encoding the protein to be synthesized, so that it is difficult to synthesize proteins that have been difficult to synthesize by conventional methods. And has the effect of improving the amount of protein synthesis.
- examples of the compound represented by the structural formula (I) include trimethylglycine. Of these, trimethylglycine is preferably used as the compound represented by the structural formula (I).
- Examples of the compound represented by the structural formula (II) include L-carnitine. Of these, L-carnitine is preferably used as the compound represented by the structural formula (II).
- Examples of the compound represented by the structural formula (III) include trimethylserine, trimethylasparagine, trimethylthreonine, and trimethylglutamine.
- Examples of the compound represented by the structural formula (IV) include sarcosine and the like. Among these, sarcosine is preferably used as the compound represented by the structural formula (IV).
- the compounds represented by the structural formulas (I) to (V) described above may be used singly or as a mixture of a plurality of types.
- L-carnitine is preferably used as the compound represented by the structural formulas (I) to (V).
- the amount of protein synthesis can be particularly remarkably improved.
- Trimethylglycine contained in the compounds represented by the structural formulas (I) to (V) described above is used in the reaction system when a GC-rich region is amplified by PCR (DNA polymerase reaction) as shown in US Pat. No. 5,545,539. When added, it is known to solve problems in annealing and extension reactions and prevent inaccurate amplification. However, the compounds represented by the structural formulas (I) to (V) described above can contribute to protein synthesis in a cell-free protein synthesis system that is unrelated to the DNA polymerase reaction.
- the concentration of the compounds represented by structural formulas (I) to (V) in the cell-free protein synthesis solution described later is not particularly limited, but can be, for example, 10 to 3000 mM, and preferably 100 to 2000 mM. 200 to 1000 mM is more preferable.
- concentration of the compounds represented by structural formulas (I) to (V) is below the above range, it may be difficult to synthesize a protein that has been difficult to synthesize, or the amount of protein synthesis may not be improved.
- the concentration of the compounds represented by the structural formulas (I) to (V) exceeds the above range, workability due to a decrease in reactivity due to an inhibitory action on enzymes involved in protein synthesis or an increase in solution viscosity. There is a risk of inconvenience such as a decrease.
- the cell-free protein synthesis solution means a solution capable of synthesizing the protein by adding mRNA or DNA of a gene encoding the protein to be synthesized.
- the cell-free protein synthesis solution is not particularly limited, and any solution conventionally referred to as a cell-free protein synthesis system can be used.
- cell-free protein synthesis systems use solutions in which nucleic acids, amino acids, energy sources, various ions, buffers and other additives are added to extracts of plants, bacteria, animal cells, insect cells, and the like.
- the extract is an extract of plant tissue or plant cells, bacteria, animal cells, insect cells, or the like, and includes a protein synthesis mechanism such as ribosome.
- the cell-free protein synthesis solution is meant to include an extract that can synthesize the protein by adding mRNA or DNA of a gene that encodes the protein of interest.
- cell-free protein synthesis solution a cell-free protein synthesis solution prepared by a conventionally known method may be used, or a cell-free protein synthesis solution contained in a commercially available cell-free protein synthesis kit may be used.
- the above extract is prepared.
- cells typified by E. coli, plant seed germ, rabbit reticulocytes, insect-derived cells and the like are isolated and disrupted by a known technique. Thereafter, insoluble substances are removed by a technique such as centrifugation. Then, if necessary, endogenous DNA and RNA are decomposed by a known technique, and endogenous amino acids, nucleic acids, nucleosides and the like are removed by a technique such as dialysis, and pH and salt concentration are adjusted.
- the obtained extract retains the ability to synthesize proteins containing ribosomes.
- Escherichia coli the obtained extract may be referred to as an S30 extract.
- Escherichia coli extracts are Pratt, J. M. et al., Transcription and Translation, Hames, 179-209, B. D. & Higgins, S. J., eds, IRL Press, Oxford (1984) and the like.
- a method for producing a wheat germ extract for example, Johnston, F. B. et al., Nature, 179, 160-161 (1957), or Erickson, A. H. et al., (1996) Meth. In Enzymol ., 96, 38-50 etc. can be used.
- the preparation method of the extract from a cell is not limited to the method mentioned above, Any method may be applied.
- a cell-free protein synthesis solution can be prepared by adding components necessary for protein synthesis.
- the components necessary for protein synthesis may be stored separately from the above extract and mixed at the time of use.
- Components required for protein synthesis are not particularly limited, but include Tris-acetate, DTT, NTPs (ATP, CTP, GTP and UTP), RNA polymerase, phosphoenolpyruvate, pyruvate kinase, at least one amino acid (natural In addition to 20 types of amino acids, including their derivatives), polyethylene glycol (PEG), folic acid, cAMP, tRNA, ammonium acetate, potassium acetate, potassium glutamate, and magnesium acetate at the optimum concentration.
- NTPs ATP, CTP, GTP, and UTP
- RNA polymerase that are raw materials for mRNA are not required when protein synthesis is performed from separately prepared mRNA.
- preservatives and other components may be included in addition to the components listed above.
- a cell-free protein synthesis solution contained in a commercially available cell-free protein synthesis kit can also be used.
- Examples of commercially available cell-free protein synthesis kits include TNTTT7 Insect Cell Extract Protein Expression System, TNT Coupled Reticulocyte Lysate Systems, TnT Coupled Wheat Germ Extract Systems, E. coli T7 S30 Exir System. Examples include coli S30 Extract System for Circular DNA and E. coli S30 Extract Sysytem for Linear Templates.
- Examples of commercially available cell-free protein synthesis solutions include RTS® 500® Rapid® Translation System manufactured by Roche.
- the cell-free protein synthesis solution according to the present invention includes the above-mentioned components except that it contains one or more compounds among the compounds represented by the structural formulas (I) to (V).
- the composition can be the same as that of the cell protein synthesis solution.
- the cell-free protein synthesis solution according to the present invention contains one or more compounds among the compounds represented by the structural formulas (I) to (V) described above, so that it is difficult to synthesize in the above-described conventionally known cell-free protein synthesis solutions. It is possible to synthesize the protein.
- the cell-free protein synthesis kit according to the present invention includes the above-described cell-free protein synthesis solution and one or more compounds among the compounds represented by the structural formulas (I) to (V).
- the compound is added in advance to a solution (cell-free protein synthesis solution) conventionally referred to as a cell-free protein synthesis system described above (the cell-free protein synthesis solution according to the present invention described above). Or may be separately prepared so that the compound is added to the cell-free protein synthesis solution when used.
- the cell-free protein synthesis kit according to the present invention means a kit comprising one or more solutions containing the compounds represented by the structural formulas (I) to (V) described above and provided as an article.
- the above-described cell-free protein synthesis solution may be a solution in which the above-described extract and the above-described components necessary for protein synthesis are mixed in advance. Or the component required for the protein synthesis mentioned above may be prepared separately so that it may mix with the extract mentioned above, when using. That is, the cell-free protein synthesis kit according to the present invention includes at least one compound among the above-described extract, the above-described components necessary for protein synthesis, and the above-described structural formulas (I) to (V). Are separately provided separately.
- the protein for synthesis is not limited at all, and any protein may be used.
- a protein that could not be synthesized by a conventional cell-free protein synthesis system can be synthesized.
- the cell-free protein synthesis kit according to the present invention may be one in which a gene encoding a protein to be synthesized is added as DNA, or the gene may be added as mRNA.
- the cell-free protein synthesis solution needs to have not only translation ability but also transcription ability, that is, a mechanism for synthesizing mRNA from the DNA.
- transcription ability is not required as long as it has translation ability.
- the cell-free protein synthesis kit according to the present invention may be provided with an expression vector for incorporating a DNA encoding a protein to be synthesized.
- the expression vector is preferably one that functions in the cell from which the cell-free protein synthesis solution is derived. That is, when a cell-free protein synthesis solution is prepared from E. coli, any expression vector known to function in E. coli can be used. The same applies when plants, animal cells or insect cells are used.
- a target protein is synthesized using the cell-free protein synthesis kit according to the present invention, one or more compounds among the compounds represented by the structural formulas (I) to (V) described above, a cell-free protein synthesis solution, After mixing with the DNA and / or mRNA encoding the protein, the incubation is not particularly limited, but it is usually incubated at a temperature of about 10 to 40 ° C, preferably about 30 to 37 ° C.
- the synthesis time by incubation is not particularly limited, but is usually about 30 minutes to 24 hours. In addition, you may incubate, stirring and shaking.
- the cell-free protein synthesis kit of the present invention it becomes possible to synthesize proteins that could not be synthesized in the conventional cell-free protein synthesis system, and when the conventional cell-free protein synthesis system is used A large amount of protein can be synthesized.
- Example 1 when a formate dehydrogenase gene derived from Gibberella zeae was expressed in a cell-free protein synthesis system, the effect of promoting protein synthesis by a predetermined compound was examined.
- KPB -Potassium phosphate buffer
- KOD-Plus- KOD-Plus-Polymerase [1U / ⁇ l] (TOYOBO) 25 mM MgSO 4 , 2 mM dNTP, 10 ⁇ Buffer ⁇ Pfx Platinum Polymerase [2.5U / ⁇ l] (Invitrogen) 10Xbuffer, 10Xenhancer, 2.5mM dNTP, 50mM MgSO 4 ⁇ Pyrobest DNA polymerase (Takara Bio) ⁇ Triton X-100 ⁇ 100mM dATP, dCTP, dGTP, dTTP (manufactured by Takara Bio Inc.) ⁇ RNeasy Plant Mini Kit (QIAGEN) ⁇ RNA PCR Kit (Takara Bio) ⁇ MinElute Gel Extraction Kit (QIAGEN) ⁇ MinElute PCR Purification Kit (QIAGEN) DH 2 O: DNase / RNase Free Distilled Water (Invitrogen) ⁇ Restriction enzyme
- LB (Cm) liquid medium total composition is 48.3ml and the following composition
- LB liquid medium LB Broth (Difco) 20g / l) 48ml 34 mg / ml chloramphenicol 28.16 ⁇ l
- Growth medium for main culture
- total composition total composition as 1L, composition below
- Yeast extract 10g dH 2 O (added so that the solution is 1 L) 20 ⁇ g / ml chloramphenicol
- 24 ml of 25% (W / V) glucose and 600 ⁇ l of 15 mg / ml thiamine were added.
- a cDNA synthesis reaction was performed in a reaction cycle of 50 ° C. for 2 hours, then 99 ° C. for 5 minutes, and then 4 ° C.
- PCR was performed using the synthesized cDNA as a template and Pyrobest DNA polymerase.
- the component composition in 50 ⁇ l of the reaction solution is shown in Table 2.
- the transcription reaction was performed at 37 ° C. for 3 hours. Thereafter, 1 ⁇ l of TURBO DNase was added to the reaction solution and maintained at 37 ° C. for 15 minutes. Thereafter, 9 ⁇ l of dH 2 O and 30 ⁇ l of Lithium chloride precipitation solution were added and maintained at ⁇ 20 ° C. for 30 minutes. Thereafter, centrifugation was performed at 13000 ⁇ G for 15 minutes, and the supernatant was removed. The precipitate was rinsed with 70% ethanol and then dissolved in 20 ⁇ l of dH 2 O.
- E. coli S30 fraction The preculture expression plasmid pG-KJE8 was introduced into E. coli BL21 (DE3) star strain.
- the transformed E. coli was single colonized on an LB (Cm) plate, cultured in LB (Cm) liquid medium (150 ml / 500 ml flask), and then stored as a glycerol stock at ⁇ 80 ° C.
- 88 ⁇ l of 34 mg / ml chloramphenicol was added, and then cultured at 37 ° C. overnight with shaking (130 rpm).
- the main culture preculture 30ml was added to the Growth Medium 600 ml, (until A600 ⁇ 1.5) 37 °C for 3.5 h and incubated with shaking (130 rpm). Thereafter, IPTG for T7 RNA polymerase induction was added (per 600 ml / 2 L flask). Thereafter, 600 ⁇ l of 5 ⁇ g / ml tetracycline (final concentration 5 ng / ml) and 600 ⁇ l of 500 mg / ml L-arabinose (final concentration 500 ⁇ g / ml) were added (per 600 ml / 2 L flask) as chaperone induction reagents. Then, the cells were cultured at 30 ° C. for 1.5 hours (until A600 ⁇ 3 to 4) with shaking (130 rpm).
- the culture solution was transferred to a 250 ml centrifuge tube, and the supernatant was removed by centrifugation (7000 rpm, 7 minutes, 4 ° C.) (BECKMAN JA-14).
- the cells were suspended in 10 ml of Wash Buffer, and then the supernatant was removed by centrifugation (7000 rpm, 7 minutes, 4 ° C.) (BECKMAN JA-14).
- a large amount of 10 g of disrupted bacteria was suspended in 9 ml of Lysis Buffer, and transferred to a disruption tube (manufactured by Yasui Kikai Co., Ltd.).
- a disruption tube manufactured by Yasui Kikai Co., Ltd.
- 19 g of glass beads manufactured by Yasui Instruments Co., Ltd.
- the cells were crushed by a multi-bead shocker (manufactured by Yasui Instruments Co., Ltd., four cycles with On 60 seconds ⁇ Off 60 seconds as one cycle).
- a dialysis membrane for preparing the S30 fraction by dialysis was prepared as follows. First, a dialysis membrane of about 15 cm was prepared for 10 ml of the S30 fraction (S30 fraction liquid volume [ml] + about 5 cm). The dialysis membrane soaked in dH 2 O in a range was boiled and stirred with a stirrer (more than 2 hours). Then, it was put in a Dialysis Buffer and stirred with a stirrer (more than 5 minutes).
- Dialysis was performed as follows. First, 500 ml of Dialysis Buffer was placed in a 1 L plastic beaker, and the S30 fraction was placed in the dialysis membrane up to about the 7th minute and closed with a special clip. Thereafter, the mixture was stirred with a stirrer at 4 ° C. for 45 minutes (speed at which the dialysis membrane slowly rotated). afterwards, Dialysis Buffer 500 ml was replaced and collected in a 50 ml Corning tube. Then, after centrifugation (6900 rpm, 10 minutes, 4 ° C.) (BECKMAN JA-12), the supernatant was collected, dispensed 1 ml at a time, and stored at ⁇ 80 ° C.
- Transcend tRNA Promega was added to the reaction composition described above, and a translation reaction (or transcription / translation coupling reaction) was performed. 2 ⁇ l of the translation reaction solution was subjected to SDS-PAGE (reduction), and the synthesized product was detected by a blotting method using “Transcend® Non-Reactiove® Translation® Detection” System. The amount of synthesis was quantified with SigmaScanPro.
- the yellow formazan can be quantified by measuring the absorbance at 430 nm with a plate reader (Spectrafluor Plus: manufactured by TECAN), and the FDH activity expressed in the cell-free protein synthesis system, that is, the synthesis amount of FDH can be evaluated.
- results of SDS-PAGE in 3-4-2 performed using the template DNA prepared in 3-1 are shown in the upper part of FIG. 3, and the results of FDH activity measurement are shown in the lower part of FIG. Moreover, the result of having measured the protein synthesis amount from the result of SDS-PAGE is shown in FIG. In FIG. 4, the amount of protein synthesis is shown as a relative value where the amount of synthesis when trimethylglycine is not added is 1.
- the FDH activity measurement results in 3-4-2 performed using the template mRNA prepared in 3-2 are shown in the upper part of FIG. 5, and the results of SDS-PAGE are shown in the lower part of FIG. Moreover, the result of having measured the protein synthesis amount from the result of SDS-PAGE is shown in FIG. In FIG. 6, the amount of protein synthesis is shown as a relative value where the amount of synthesis when trimethylglycine is not added is 1.
- trimethylglycine has an effect of improving the translation efficiency of the gene encoding the target protein in the cell-free protein synthesis system.
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Abstract
Description
本発明に係る無細胞タンパク質合成溶液は、下記構造式(I)~(V)で示される化合物のうち1以上の化合物を含んでいる。また、本発明に係る無細胞タンパク質合成キットは、タンパク質合成能を有する無細胞タンパク質合成溶液と、下記構造式(I)~(V)で示される化合物のうち1以上の化合物とを含んでいる。
無細胞タンパク質合成溶液とは、合成目的のタンパク質をコードする遺伝子のmRNAやDNAを加えることで、当該タンパク質を合成することができる溶液を意味する。本発明において、無細胞タンパク質合成溶液としては、特に限定されず、従来、無細胞タンパク質合成系と称される如何なる溶液でも使用することができる。一般に、無細胞タンパク質合成系は、植物、細菌、動物細胞若しくは昆虫細胞等の抽出液に、核酸、アミノ酸、エネルギー源、各種イオン、緩衝液及びその他の添加剤を加えた溶液が使用されている。特に抽出液としては、植物組織若しくは植物細胞、細菌、動物細胞若しくは昆虫細胞等の抽出液であって、リボソーム等のタンパク質合成機構を含む抽出液である。換言すれば、無細胞タンパク質合成溶液とは、合成目的のタンパク質をコードする遺伝子のmRNA若しくはDNAを添加することで、当該タンパク質を合成できる抽出液を含む意味である。
本発明に係る無細胞タンパク質合成溶液は、上述した構造式(I)~(V)に示す化合物のうち1以上の化合物を含む以外は、上述した無細胞タンパク質合成溶液と同様な組成とすることができる。本発明に係る無細胞タンパク質合成溶液は、上述した構造式(I)~(V)に示す化合物のうち1以上の化合物を含むことで、上述した従来公知の無細胞タンパク質合成溶液において合成困難であったタンパク質を合成することができる。
本実施例では、ジベレラ菌(Gibberella zeae)由来のギ酸脱水素酵素遺伝子を無細胞タンパク質合成系で発現させる際に、所定の化合物によるタンパク質合成促進効果を検討した。
試薬は、特に記載の無い場合ナカライテスク社製を使用した。
<SolutionA>0.5M KH2PO4 13.6g/200ml
<SolutionB>0.5M K2HPO4 26.13g/300ml
0.5M KPB pH7.5は16mlのSolutionAと84mlのSolutionBを混合した。
・1.62M ギ酸ナトリウム(ギ酸Na)
5.5g/50ml 0.5M KPB pH7.5
・16.2mM NAD
581mg/50mlとなるように0.5M KPB pH7.5に溶解した。
・WST1(DOJINDO社製) 8mg/ml
・PD培地
Potato dextrose broth(Difco社製) 24g/L。pH7に調整後オートクレーブして使用した。
MgCl2・6H2O 2.03g/100ml。オートクレーブして使用した。
25mM MgSO4、2mM dNTP、10×Buffer
・Pfx Platinum Polymerase [2.5U/μl](Invitrogen社製)
10Xbuffer、10Xenhancer、2.5mM dNTP、50mM MgSO4
・Pyrobest DNA polymerase(タカラバイオ社製)
・Triton X-100
・100mM dATP、dCTP、dGTP、dTTP(タカラバイオ社製)
・RNeasy Plant Mini Kit(QIAGEN社製)
・RNA PCR Kit(タカラバイオ社製)
・MinElute Gel Extraction Kit(QIAGEN社製)
・MinElute PCR Purification Kit(QIAGEN社製)
・dH2O:DNase/RNase Free Distilled Water(Invitrogen社製)
・制限酵素NdeI/EcoRI(タカラバイオ社製)
・DNA Ligation kit ver2.1、solutionI(タカラバイオ社製)
・JM109 Competent Cells(タカラバイオ社製)
・pET-23b(+) vector (Novagen社製)
・pT7 Blue T-vector(Novagen製)
・大腸菌ワンショットBL21(Star)コンピテントセル(invitrogen社製)
・シャペロン発現用プラスミド
TaKaRa Chaperone Plasmid Set(TaKaRa社製)
Plasmid pG-KJE8
Chaperone dnaK-dnaJ-grpE-groES-groEL
・破砕用ガラスビーズ YGBLA-01低アルカリ(0.1)(安井機械社製)
・透析膜(三光純薬株式会社製)透析膜サイズ:18/32
・Transcend tRNA(Promega社製)
・Transcend Non-Reactiove Translation Detection System(Promega社製)
・25%(W/V)グルコース(Wako社製)
・34mg/ml クロラムフェニコール(エタノールに溶解)
・15mg/ml チアミン(Wako社製)
・1M IPTG
・5μg/ml テトラサイクリン
・2.2mM Tris-acetate(pH8.2)(SIGMA社製) 滅菌して使用した。
・3.6M 酢酸カリウム(pH7.0)
・1M DTT(Wako社製)
・50μg/ml PMSF(エタノールに)
・50mM NTP 200mM ATP,CTP,GTP,CTPをそれぞれ等量ずつ混和。
200mM CTP(Roche社製)
200mM UTP(Roche社製)
200mM GTP
・1M Hepes-KOH (pH7.5)
・3M グルタミン酸カリウム
・2M 酢酸アンモニウム
・20mg/ml E.coli tRNA(Roche社製)
・1mg/ml リファンピシン(Wako社製)
・5M クレアチンリン酸(Wako社製)
・12mg/ml クレアチンキナーゼ(Wako社製)
12.12g/1.01ml(165 units/mg、2000 units使用)
・アミノ酸ミックス(totalを1mlとして下記組成)
RPM1 1640 50×(SIGMA社製) 800μl
50mM グルタミン(協和発酵工業社製)100μl
50mM アラニン(協和発酵工業社製) 100μl
・5.7M ベタイントリメチルグリシン(Fluka社製)
・60% PEG6000(W/V)
・LB(Cm)プレート(totalを200mlとして下記組成)
LB Broth,Lennox (Difco社製) 4g
34mg/ml クロラムフェニコール 117.6μl
Agar,Powder(Wako社製) 3g
dH2O 200ml
オートクレーブ滅菌後にクロラムフェニコールを添加しプレートに分注した。
LB液体培地(LB Broth (Difco社製) 20g/l) 48ml
34mg/ml クロラムフェニコール 28.16μl
・Growth培地(本培養用)(totalを1Lとして下記組成)
KH2PO4 5.6g
K2HPO4 28.9g
Yeast extract(Difco社製)10g
dH2O(溶液が1Lになるように添加)
20μg/ml クロラムフェニコール
培地600mlに対して25%(W/V) グルコースを24ml、15mg/ml チアミンを600μl添加した。
10mM Tris-acetate(pH 8.2)
12mM 酢酸マグネシウム(pH7.0)
60mM KCl
1mM DTT
50μg/ml PMSF
・Lysis buffer
10mM Tris-acetate(pH 8.2)
12mM 酢酸マグネシウム(pH7.0)
60mM 酢酸カリウム(pH7.0)
1mM DTT
・Preincubation buffer
1.2M Tris-acetate(pH 8.2)
47mM 酢酸マグネシウム(pH7.0)
15mM DTT
アミノ酸ミックス
12mM ATP
100mM クレアチンリン酸
0.4mg/ml クレアチンキナーゼ
・ Dialysis buffer
10mM Tris-acetate(pH 8.2)
12mM 酢酸マグネシウム(pH7.0)
60mM 酢酸カリウム(pH7.0)
1mM DTT
50μg/ml PMSF
(2)Gibberella zeae FDH遺伝子のクローニング
(2-1) 微生物株
Gibberella zeaeは独立行政法人製品評価技術基盤機構の関連機関であるNITE Biological Resource Center(以下NBRCと記載)に保存されている株(NBRC No. 4474)を購入し、指定される方法で復元したものをPD(Potato Dextrose)培地を用いて培養した。
(2-2-1) ギ酸脱水素酵素遺伝子の増幅
2-1の方法で培養して得た菌体をRNeasy Plant Mini Kit(QIAGEN社製)を用いてTotal RNA(mRNA、rRNA及びtRNA等を含む)を調製した。まず、RNA PCR Kit(タカラバイオ社製)を用いてTotal RNAを鋳型としたcDNA合成をおこなった。表1に反応液組成を示す。
アガロースゲル電気泳動により得られた各種PCR産物のサイズを確認後、MinElute Gel Extraction Kit(QIAGEN製)を用いてアガロースゲルより精製したPCR産物をpT7 Blue T-vector(Novagen製)、JM109 competent cells(タカラバイオ社製)を用いてサブクローニングした(GzFDH/pT7)(図1参照)。単離したギ酸脱水素酵素遺伝子配列(配列番号3)はデータベース上に公開されている配列(Genbank No. XP_386303)とアミノ酸レベルで100%の一致を示していた。なお、単離したギ酸脱水素酵素遺伝子がコードするギ酸脱水素酵素のアミノ酸配列を配列番号4に示した。
2-2-2で作製されたプラスミド(FDH/pT7)を制限酵素NdeI/EcoRIで処理した。表3に反応液組成を示す。制限酵素処理の反応条件としては37℃で2時間とした。
(3-1) 鋳型DNAの調製
前項(2)で取得したジベレラ由来FDH遺伝子導入ベクターを鋳型とし、以下の条件でPCRを行った。反応液50μl中の成分組成を表4に示す。なお、本PCRにおいては、一対のプライマーとしてSingle-F:CGATCCCGCGAAATTAATACGACT(配列番号5)及びSingle-R1:TCCGGATATAGTTCCTCCTTTCAG(配列番号6)を使用した。
前項3-1で取得したジベレラ由来FDH遺伝子およびT7プロモーター/ターミネーターを含むDNA断片を鋳型とし以下の条件で転写反応を行った。転写反応にはMEGAscript kit(Ambion社製)を用いた。反応液20μl中の成分組成を表5に示す。
前培養
発現プラスミドpG-KJE8を大腸菌BL21(DE3)star株に導入した。形質転換した大腸菌はLB(Cm)プレートでシングルコロニー化し、LB(Cm)液体培地(150ml/500ml フラスコ)で培養した後にグリセロールストックにして-80℃で保存した。なお、前培養では、34mg/ml クロラムフェニコールを88μl添加した後、37℃で終夜振とう(130rpm)しながら培養した。
前培養液30mlをGrowth培地600mlに添加し、37℃で3.5時間(A600≒1.5となるまで)振とう(130rpm)しながら培養した。その後、T7 RNAポリメラーゼ誘導用のIPTGを添加(600ml/2L フラスコ1本あたり)した。その後、シャペロン誘導用試薬として5μg/mlのテトラサイクリン600μl(終濃度5ng/ml)及び500mg/mlのL-アラビノース600μl(終濃度500μg/ml)を添加(600ml/2Lフラスコ1本あたり)した。そして、30℃で1.5時間(A600≒3~4となるまで)振とう(130rpm)しながら培養した。
培養終了後、250ml遠心管に培養液を移し、遠心分離(7000rpm、7分、4℃)(BECKMAN JA-14)により上清を除去した。菌体を10mlのWash Bufferに懸濁した後、遠心分離(7000rpm、7分、4℃)(BECKMAN JA-14)により上清を除去した。
菌大量10gを9mlのLysis Bufferに懸濁して、破砕チューブ(安井機器社製)に移した。ここに、ガラスビーズ(安井機器社製)19gを追加し、安井機器社製マルチビーズショッカー(On 60秒→Off 60秒を1サイクルとして4サイクル)により菌体を破砕した。
得られた破砕液を遠心分離(6000rpm、10分、4℃)(BECKMAN JA-12)し、上清を回収した。さらに、2回の超遠心(16000rpm(30900G)で25分(4℃)、その後、17000rpm(34957G)で35分(4℃))(BECKMAN JA-20)し、上清を回収した。
超遠心で得られた上清(S30画分)の15%量のPreincubation Bufferを加え、28℃で1.5時間保温した。
透析によりS30画分を調製するための透析膜を以下のように準備した。まず、S30画分10mlに対して15cm程度の透析膜を準備(S30画分液量[ml]+5cm程度)した。レンジでdH2Oに浸した透析膜を沸騰させスタラーで攪拌(2時間以上)した。その後、Dialysis Bufferに入れてスタラーで攪拌(5分以上)した。
Dialysis Buffer500mlを交換し、50mlコーニングチューブに回収した。そして、遠心(6900rpm、10分、4℃)(BECKMAN JA-12) した後、上清を回収し、1mlずつ分注して-80℃保存した。
(3-4-1) Expressway plus expression system(Invitrogen社製)による翻訳反応
3-1及び3-2で調製した鋳型DNAまたは鋳型mRNA断片と、Expressway cell-free E.coli expression systemを用い翻訳反応(転写/翻訳共役反応)を行った。反応液10μl中の反応組成を表6に示す。なお反応温度を25℃とし、反応時間を2時間とした。なお、表6に示した組成と、更に0.5Mトリメチルグリシンを加えた組成の2通りで反応を行った。
3-1および3-2で調製した鋳型DNAまたは鋳型mRNA断片と、3-3で調製した大腸菌由来S30画分を用い翻訳反応(または転写/翻訳共役反応)を行った。反応液11.12μl中の反応組成を表7に示す。なお反応温度を25℃とし、反応時間を1.5時間とした。
ギ酸脱水素酵素遺伝子の発現強度を、ギ酸脱水素酵素活性(FDH活性)を測定することで評価した。なお、FDHによるギ酸分解反応は次式で示される。
ここに電子伝達物質であるMethoxy PMS(mPMS)と、酸化還元発色指示薬であるWST1(共にDOJINDO社製)を加えることで次式のように反応が進むため、波長438nmの吸光度で黄色ホルマザンを測定することで、ギ酸分解量の定量が可能となる。なお黄色ホルマザンの吸光係数はNADHの約6倍であり、NADHの直接測定よりも高感度での定量が可能となる。
mPMS(還元型) + WST1 → mPMS + 黄色ホルマザン(37000/M・cm、438nm)
そして、プレートリーダー(Spectrafluor Plus:TECAN社製)で吸光度430nmを測定することで黄色ホルマザンを定量し、無細胞タンパク質合成系において発現したFDH活性、すなわちFDHの合成量を評価することができる。
表8に示す組成の反応液を用いてFDH活性を測定した。反応条件は、サーマルサイクラー37℃で加熱(30分程度)し、その後、チューブを取り出し氷につけて反応停止させた。その後、プレートリーダー(Spectrafluor Plus:TECAN社製)で吸光度430nmを測定することでFDH活性を検出した。
Claims (10)
- 上記化合物は、カルニチン、サルコシン及びトリメチルグリシンからなる群から選ばれる1以上の化合物であることを特徴とする請求項1記載の無細胞タンパク質合成溶液。
- 上記化合物は、上記無細胞タンパク質合成溶液に混合されていることを特徴とする請求項3記載の無細胞タンパク質合成キット。
- 上記化合物は、カルニチン、サルコシン及びトリメチルグリシンからなる群から選ばれる1以上の化合物であることを特徴とする請求項3記載の無細胞タンパク質合成キット。
- 合成対象のタンパク質をコードする遺伝子を導入することができる発現ベクターをさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項3記載の無細胞タンパク質合成キット。
- 上記化合物は、カルニチン、サルコシン及びトリメチルグリシンからなる群から選ばれる1以上の化合物であることを特徴とする請求項7記載のタンパク質合成方法。
- 上記化合物は、カルニチン、サルコシン及びトリメチルグリシンからなる群から選ばれる1以上の化合物であることを特徴とする請求項9記載の方法。
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EP2471914A4 (en) * | 2009-08-03 | 2013-03-20 | Toyota Motor Co Ltd | MUTANT FORMIATE DEHYDROGENASE, GENE ENCODING SAME, AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING NADH |
WO2016079981A1 (ja) * | 2014-11-18 | 2016-05-26 | 和光純薬工業株式会社 | 検体の破砕装置およびその方法 |
JP2020533018A (ja) * | 2017-08-11 | 2020-11-19 | シンビトロバイオ, インコーポレイテッド | 改善されたインビトロ転写/翻訳(txtl)システムおよびその使用 |
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US9937239B2 (en) | 2014-05-21 | 2018-04-10 | The Johns Hopkins University | Preservation and reconstitution of cell-free protein expression systems |
US11898187B2 (en) | 2017-08-15 | 2024-02-13 | Northwestern University | Protein glycosylation sites by rapid expression and characterization of N-glycosyltransferases |
WO2019094859A1 (en) | 2017-11-10 | 2019-05-16 | Northwestern University | Cell-free protein synthesis platform derived from cellular extracts of vibrio natriegens |
US11725224B2 (en) | 2018-04-16 | 2023-08-15 | Northwestern University | Methods for co-activating in vitro non-standard amino acid (nsAA) incorporation and glycosylation in crude cell lysates |
US11814621B2 (en) | 2018-06-01 | 2023-11-14 | Northwestern University | Expanding the chemical substrates for genetic code reprogramming |
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EP2447365B1 (en) | 2019-03-27 |
US20120088269A1 (en) | 2012-04-12 |
JPWO2010147111A1 (ja) | 2012-12-06 |
EP2447365A1 (en) | 2012-05-02 |
EP2447365A4 (en) | 2013-12-04 |
JP5201218B2 (ja) | 2013-06-05 |
US9005920B2 (en) | 2015-04-14 |
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