WO2010140560A1 - 移乗・移動装置 - Google Patents
移乗・移動装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2010140560A1 WO2010140560A1 PCT/JP2010/059181 JP2010059181W WO2010140560A1 WO 2010140560 A1 WO2010140560 A1 WO 2010140560A1 JP 2010059181 W JP2010059181 W JP 2010059181W WO 2010140560 A1 WO2010140560 A1 WO 2010140560A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- transfer
- seating
- user
- chest
- base
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
- A61G5/00—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs
- A61G5/10—Parts, details or accessories
- A61G5/14—Standing-up or sitting-down aids
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
- A61G5/00—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs
- A61G5/10—Parts, details or accessories
- A61G5/12—Rests specially adapted therefor, e.g. for the head or the feet
- A61G5/124—Rests specially adapted therefor, e.g. for the head or the feet for pelvis or buttocks
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
- A61G5/00—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs
- A61G5/10—Parts, details or accessories
- A61G5/12—Rests specially adapted therefor, e.g. for the head or the feet
- A61G5/127—Rests specially adapted therefor, e.g. for the head or the feet for lower legs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
- A61G2200/00—Information related to the kind of patient or his position
- A61G2200/30—Specific positions of the patient
- A61G2200/34—Specific positions of the patient sitting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
- A61G2200/00—Information related to the kind of patient or his position
- A61G2200/30—Specific positions of the patient
- A61G2200/36—Specific positions of the patient standing
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
- A61G2200/00—Information related to the kind of patient or his position
- A61G2200/50—Information related to the kind of patient or his position the patient is supported by a specific part of the body
- A61G2200/56—Calf
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
- A61G5/00—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs
- A61G5/04—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs motor-driven
- A61G5/041—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs motor-driven having a specific drive-type
- A61G5/042—Front wheel drive
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
- A61G5/00—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs
- A61G5/10—Parts, details or accessories
- A61G5/12—Rests specially adapted therefor, e.g. for the head or the feet
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
- A61G7/00—Beds specially adapted for nursing; Devices for lifting patients or disabled persons
- A61G7/10—Devices for lifting patients or disabled persons, e.g. special adaptations of hoists thereto
- A61G7/1001—Devices for lifting patients or disabled persons, e.g. special adaptations of hoists thereto specially adapted for specific applications
- A61G7/1007—Devices for lifting patients or disabled persons, e.g. special adaptations of hoists thereto specially adapted for specific applications mounted on or in combination with a toilet
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
- A61G7/00—Beds specially adapted for nursing; Devices for lifting patients or disabled persons
- A61G7/10—Devices for lifting patients or disabled persons, e.g. special adaptations of hoists thereto
- A61G7/104—Devices carried or supported by
- A61G7/1046—Mobile bases, e.g. having wheels
- A61G7/1048—Mobile bases, e.g. having wheels having auxiliary drive means
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
- A61G7/00—Beds specially adapted for nursing; Devices for lifting patients or disabled persons
- A61G7/10—Devices for lifting patients or disabled persons, e.g. special adaptations of hoists thereto
- A61G7/1073—Parts, details or accessories
- A61G7/1082—Rests specially adapted for
- A61G7/1086—Upper body
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
- A61G7/00—Beds specially adapted for nursing; Devices for lifting patients or disabled persons
- A61G7/10—Devices for lifting patients or disabled persons, e.g. special adaptations of hoists thereto
- A61G7/1073—Parts, details or accessories
- A61G7/1082—Rests specially adapted for
- A61G7/109—Lower body, e.g. pelvis, buttocks
Definitions
- the present invention can be easily used by a cared person who needs care, such as a healthy person, an elderly person with a weak leg, a physically handicapped person, etc. It can be used without any load on the back and waist, especially when the user's spine is damaged, and it can be easily transferred to a bed, toilet seat, wheelchair, etc.
- the present invention relates to a transfer / movement device.
- a wheelchair in which a person who is difficult to walk even with a cane or the like due to paralysis of the lower limbs can be moved while being operated by himself as a substitute for his / her foot has been widely used.
- the most popular type of wheelchair is composed of a small front wheel and a large rear wheel attached to a chair.
- the small wheel is called a caster and is a free wheel that freely turns.
- the large wheels are drive wheels, and have a traveling ring (hand rim) attached to them, so that they can drive by themselves. In order to operate this at will, it is important to have a well-balanced training in addition to getting on and off and running training.
- the operation is difficult to improve unless the muscle strength of the upper limb is strong.
- the front large wheel type that is the easiest to operate and suitable for elderly people, one-hand drive type for people who cannot use both hands, manual chain type for outdoor running, hand-held type, prone running type
- the structure that suspends the cared person's buttocks has the problem of giving fear and discomfort to the cared person.
- the weight of the cared person is measured on both sides.
- the cared person who continues to be bedridden may have a muscle drop and hospitalization may be prolonged. In order to prevent these problems, it is necessary to regularly move the body by assistance or rehabilitation, and frequently change positions, which is a heavy burden on caregivers.
- a walker that can alleviate the burden on caregivers and care recipients and is effective for rehabilitation is also used, but there is no seating area, so if you get tired, prepare another chair. It is necessary, and a wheeled walker lacks a sense of stability when it stops because it does not have a stop device, and is particularly unsuitable for use outdoors or on slopes. It was a thing.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a “care chair with a transfer function including a carriage unit that conveys a cared person in a seated state”. Yes.
- Patent Document 2 states that “a main pillar is erected on a pedestal having a caster, a table and a chair are provided on a hollow shaft fitted to the main pillar, and the table and the chair are arranged along the main pillar.
- a “human body moving device for care comprising an elevating device for elevating and lowering”.
- the nursing chair with a transfer function of (Patent Document 1) has a backrest behind the seat as in the case of a general chair, the backrest is used until the seat and the backrest are parallel before use. After sitting down or removing the backrest, move the seat on the bed, adjust the height of the seat to the bed height, place the cared person on the seat, The whole nursing chair with a transfer function had to be pulled out of the bed, and the process was complicated and lacked usability. In addition, there is a problem that in use, there is pressure on the back due to the backrest, which is particularly unsuitable for use by persons with spinal cord injury.
- the chair In the human body movement device for care of (Patent Document 2), the chair is formed so as to be able to open both sides by a shaft provided in the center of the rear, and the opened chair is brought into contact from the rear of the waist of the transferred person, The caregiver must lift the left and right thighs of the transferee alternately while inserting the seat into the buttocks, which is troublesome for the caregiver and lacks usability, and the chair structure is complex and mass-productive There was a problem of lacking. Moreover, since the seat is divided into left and right, there is a problem that the strength is apt to be insufficient, it is difficult to reliably support the weight of the caregiver, and durability and stability of weight support are lacking.
- the present invention solves the above problems, and can be easily transferred to and from a bed, toilet seat, wheelchair, etc. without changing the direction of the body, and has a simple structure that can be used by one person. It can be used for a long time without giving a load to the waist, and it can be used without difficulty even when the spine is damaged, greatly increasing the burden on caregivers and care recipients (users). In addition to the elderly and physically handicapped people, it can be easily used instead of bicycles, motorcycles, wheelchairs, etc., and can be used for long distance movements from healthy children to adults.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a transfer / moving apparatus that is excellent in stability, versatility, and handling.
- the transfer / movement apparatus of the present invention has the following configuration.
- a transfer / moving apparatus comprising: a base portion having a traveling portion; a seating portion disposed on the base portion and seated by a user from the rear or side; and a front end of the seating portion A chest portion that stands on the side and abuts against the chest portion of the user, and at least one of the seat portion and the chest portion is movable in the front-rear direction or the vertical direction with respect to the base portion It has the structure currently hold
- the sitting part and the chest part can be held by holding the weight so as to hug the chest part in a forward leaning posture.
- the body weight can be dispersed and the user's body can be reliably supported, and it is possible to maintain a long-term sitting or standing posture and to move in a stable posture without a backrest. , Can reduce the burden on the user's back and waist, and is excellent in safety and usability.
- the height of the transfer object such as a bed or a toilet seat or the user's physique
- the position of the seating part and the chest support part can be adjusted freely, and the object to be moved and the seating part can be brought close to each other. It can be used even when there is no insertion space for the base at the bottom of the object to be transferred, and is highly versatile.
- the seating part and chest support part can be moved back and forth and moved up and down, the user can get on and off safely and easily by moving the seating part and chest support part to the rear or below the base part.
- the user can be held in a desired posture (angle) or lifted to a desired height by moving the seating part and the chest part forward or upward after sitting. It can be moved in an easy posture and has excellent usability.
- the base Since the base has a running part, it is not limited to elderly people and physically handicapped people, but a wide range of users from healthy children to adults can easily use it instead of bicycles, motorcycles, wheelchairs, etc. Can move outdoors.
- the seating part When the seating part is moved upward, it can move (run) in a posture close to a standing position, so that the user can secure a wider field of view than conventional wheelchairs. Visibility is high, accidents such as collision can be avoided, it is excellent in safety, blood flow can be prevented from worsening, and it can be used instead of a wheelchair to move over a long distance and used Excellent in properties.
- the seating part and chest part can be moved upward and the chest part can be moved forward, it can reach places that could not be reached with conventional wheelchairs, and it can reach high places.
- the door can be opened and closed, the door can be opened and closed, and the wash and cooking can be done.
- the working range can be expanded and the functionality is excellent.
- the seating part is moved back and forth or up and down using an electric drive means, etc., the user's hip joint, knee joint, ankle joint, etc. can be exercised. It is possible to perform rehabilitation such as expansion of the range of motion of the joint, enhancement of muscular strength, improvement of blood flow, etc., it is possible to prevent lower body motor functions, edema, etc., and it is excellent in functionality and labor saving.
- the base part can be selected in any form, but the dimensions of the front, rear, left and right of the base part are balanced when the user gets on and moves the seating part and the chest rest part back and forth or up and down. It is preferably formed so as not to collapse and fall. It should be noted that the upper surface of the platform on which the user places his / her foot is a flat surface with no irregularities so that the movement of the foot is not hindered during transfer, and the usability is excellent.
- the traveling unit only needs to be able to move (run) the platform, and is not limited to wheels, and may include crawlers, legs of multiple legs, and the like. The number and arrangement in the case where wheels are provided as the traveling unit can be selected as appropriate.
- the pedestal portion can also have a power portion, and a motor capable of rotating forward and reverse is preferably used.
- At least one of the front wheel and the rear wheel may be a drive wheel, but all-wheel drive may be used.
- the driving wheel may be any wheel that can move the main body of the moving / moving device by operating an accelerator or the like disposed at an arbitrary position of the moving / moving device. In particular, when the pedestal is movable in all directions, a small turn is effective and excellent mobility is achieved.
- a battery can be mounted on the base.
- the clutch can be moved by hand by a caregiver or the like.
- the drive wheel is placed in front of the base together with the power unit and power source, the seat moves to the rear or lower side of the base while the user is seated, and the center of gravity moves to the rear side of the base These can serve as a weight to stabilize the pedestal horizontally.
- the rotational speed difference between the left and right drive wheels a right turn or a left turn can be performed, and the rotational radius can be changed by the ratio of the rotational speed difference.
- the vehicle when the rotational directions of the left and right drive wheels are configured to be independently controllable, the vehicle can turn on the spot by rotating one side forward and the other side reversely, resulting in excellent mobility.
- the front wheel and the rear wheel may be formed to have the same size, and a steering mechanism similar to that of a car or a motorcycle may be provided. This is because it is particularly excellent in running performance and operability outdoors.
- a rechargeable secondary battery is preferable, and a nickel-cadmium battery, a nickel-hydrogen battery, a lithium ion secondary battery, a lead battery, or the like can be used.
- the transfer / moving device can also be equipped with a spare battery on the pedestal, and the running distance can be increased by attaching the spare battery.
- a wire having a structure in which a wire is connected to a brake lever and the brake pad is pressed against a rim of a driving wheel by pulling the wire can be used.
- the brake lever can be provided at any position that is easy for the user to handle, but by placing it near either the left or right side of the chest, the brake is applied to fix the base when transferring Can be safe.
- the wheel can be selected in any form, but when a puncture tire containing urethane foam is used, there is no need to worry about puncture or gas pressure adjustment, and the wheel is excellent in usability. Further, if a suspension is disposed on each drive wheel, a comfortable ride can be achieved. In addition, by arranging a foot guard formed in a lattice shape with metal pipes or the like in front of or on the side of the base portion, it is possible to participate in a competition such as soccer in a standing position.
- the seating part supports the user's buttocks and can be of any shape, but the width gradually increases from the tip to near the center, and then increases from the tip to the back at a larger rate.
- it does not get in the way during transfer, and does not hinder the operation of the thigh when taking the standing position by raising the seating portion, and is excellent in usability.
- the surface of the seat is covered with a material such as leather, polyurethane fiber, or aramid fiber with a low coefficient of friction so that it can be easily slipped and moved on the surface of the seat. Many rollers may be provided.
- a foam (cushion) made of a polymer chemical such as urethane between the base made of metal or synthetic resin and the skin.
- a vent hole may be provided in the chest abutting part, or the skin may be formed of a mesh-structured cloth, like the seating part.
- a display unit for displaying the remaining capacity of the battery may be disposed on the upper surface of the chest portion that can be directly viewed when the user gets on the transfer / movement device. The remaining capacity of the battery can be displayed by changing the color or lighting state of the lamp, so that the user can go out with peace of mind.
- the movement of the seating part and the chest support part may be electric or manual.
- the seating portion and the chest support portion can be moved to desired positions by a simple operation, and the operability and labor saving are excellent.
- the seating portion and the chest support portion may be moved back and forth and up and down integrally, or may be moved back and forth and up and down independently. For example, it can be moved back and forth by turning using a four-bar linkage mechanism, etc., or moved up and down by a lifting mechanism such as a rack and pinion combination, a link mechanism such as a lazy tongue, a hydraulic or gas pressure cylinder, a ball screw, etc. A thing etc. can be used.
- the elevating means can be arranged obliquely so that the longitudinal movement and the vertical movement can be performed simultaneously.
- the rear end of the seating part is arranged at the same position as the rear end part of the base part or protrudes rearward from the rear end part of the base part. This makes it possible to bring the seating portion and the toilet seat and other moving objects closer together, and it is difficult for a gap to be generated between the moving subject and the seating portion, so that the transfer operation can be easily performed.
- the transfer / movement device can also be driven by a remote communication using a mobile communication device such as a mobile phone or a wireless LAN.
- the user can move the transfer / moving device located at a remote position (out of reach) by using a joystick or other remote controller while the user is seated on the bed, etc., and position the user at the optimal transfer position. It is possible to transfer from a bed or the like to a transfer device without the assistance of a caregiver, and the burden on the caregiver can be reduced.
- Invention of Claim 2 is the transfer / movement apparatus of Claim 1, Comprising: The said seat part is moved between the back low position of the said base part, and the front high position of the said base part, and the said It has the structure provided with the drive mechanism part which performs the back-and-forth movement of a seating part, and an up-and-down movement. With this configuration, the following operation is obtained in addition to the operation of the first aspect. (1) By having a drive mechanism portion that moves the seating portion between the rear low position of the base portion and the front high position of the base portion to move the seating portion back and forth and move up and down, it can be quickly performed in one operation.
- the seating section can be moved to and out of the seat and moved to the optimal position for movement (running), and it is excellent in labor saving and usability.
- the user's weight can be deposited and supported in the front chest, so it is safe without breaking the balance. It can be moved back and forth and up and down, and there is no fear of dropping or falling, and anyone can use it with peace of mind, and it has excellent operational stability and reliability.
- the height (position) of the center of gravity can be easily adjusted according to the moving (running) speed, the user's physique, etc., and a stable posture can be maintained. It has excellent safety and posture stability when driving.
- the above-described combination of rack and pinion, link mechanism such as lazy tong, hydraulic or gas pressure cylinder, lifting means such as a ball screw are preferably used. By arranging them obliquely from the rear low position to the front high position of the base portion, the seat portion can be moved back and forth and vertically.
- the invention according to claim 3 is the transfer / movement device according to claim 1, wherein the seating part or the chest support part is rotated around a horizontal axis perpendicular to the front-rear direction of the base part. It has the structure provided with the drive mechanism part which performs the back-and-forth movement and the up-and-down movement of the seating part or the chest contact part. With this configuration, the following operation is obtained in addition to the operation of the first aspect. (1) By having a drive mechanism that moves the seating part or the chest part around the horizontal axis perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the carriage to move the seating part or the chest part back and forth and move up and down, The user can be lifted and moved, and it is excellent in compactness and labor saving.
- the seating part and the chest part are lowered while being tilted backward to transfer the user, and the seating part and the chest part are inclined forward. Therefore, the user can be held in a desired posture (angle) with a smooth operation or lifted to a desired height, and the operation stability is excellent.
- any mechanism may be used as long as the seating section and the chest support section are moved back and forth and up and down by rotation, and a four-bar linkage mechanism or the like is preferably used. This is because the mechanism can be made compact and has excellent labor saving.
- the transfer / moving device includes first and second connecting rotation shafts at two front and rear positions disposed on the base section. And two or more front and rear third and fourth connecting rotary shafts disposed in the lower portion of the seating portion, and one or more link shafts connecting the first connecting rotary shaft and the third connecting rotary shaft A front link portion having a front link portion, a rear link portion having one or more link shafts connecting the second connection rotation shaft and the fourth connection rotation shaft, and both end portions of the front link portion and the rear link portion, respectively. And a link drive unit that is rotatably connected to and expands and contracts. With this configuration, the following operation is obtained in addition to the operation of the third aspect.
- the drive mechanism section includes two front and rear first and second connecting rotation shafts arranged on the base section, and two front and rear two and third and fourth connection turns arranged on the lower portion of the seating section.
- a front link portion and a rear link portion having a moving shaft, and each of the first connection rotation shaft, the third connection rotation shaft, and the second connection rotation shaft and the fourth connection rotation shaft having one or more link shafts. Since the link drive unit whose both ends are rotatably connected to the front link unit and the rear link unit is expanded and contracted, the first and second connection rotation shafts and the third and fourth units are connected.
- the seating portion is disposed above the third and fourth connection rotation shafts.
- the seat can be moved up and down directly with a direct acting hydraulic or gas pressure cylinder, etc. In smaller stroke than to, can perform a wide range of height adjustment, miniaturization of the drive mechanism, can be reduced in weight.
- the seating part is supported by the front link part and the rear link part at two places in the front and rear, the weight of the user can be reliably supported, the occurrence of vibration during movement is reduced, and the posture Excellent stabilization.
- the seating portion is disposed above the third and fourth connection rotation shafts (upper end side of the movable portion) of the drive mechanism portion, but the third and fourth connection rotation shafts are rotatably held.
- the rotating shaft holding portion may be formed integrally with the lower portion of the seating portion, or the seating portion may be detachably fixed to the rotating shaft holding portion.
- the chest contact portion may be integrated with the seating portion, and may be rotated and moved up and down simultaneously, or may be rotated or moved up and down independently of the seating portion.
- Each of the front link portion and the rear link portion is at least one link shaft, and connects the first connection rotation shaft, the third connection rotation shaft, the second connection rotation shaft, and the fourth connection rotation shaft.
- expansion-contraction means such as a hydraulic pressure or a gas pressure cylinder, are used suitably. This is because it is compact and can move heavy objects, and it is easy to control and operates smoothly without noise.
- a fifth aspect of the present invention is the transfer / moving device according to the fourth aspect, wherein at least one of the seating portion and the chest support portion is the third connection rotating shaft or the third connection.
- the rotating shaft and the fourth connecting rotating shaft are configured to be slidably disposed on a support column standing on either of the rotating shaft holding portions that rotatably hold the rotating shaft.
- the position of the seating part and chest support part can be moved up and down according to the physique of the user, etc., and the movable range of the seating part and chest support part Can be expanded, and is highly versatile.
- the insertion portion for inserting the column into the seating portion or the chest support portion is provided, and the inserted column is screwed, pin-fitted, and the like, so that it can be fixed at a desired position.
- the support column when the support column is erected on the third connection rotation shaft, the support column can be rotated together with the third connection rotation shaft, and the angle of the chest part and the seating portion disposed on the support column can be freely adjusted. can do.
- the support column can be fixed at a desired angle by disposing the ratchet mechanism at the lower end of the support column (around the third connecting rotation shaft).
- the inclination angle of the chest part and the seating part can be adjusted according to the user's physique and preference, and it can be used in an easy posture. it can.
- a warning is issued by sound or light.
- Means may be provided.
- the seating part and the chest part are tilted forward, the upper body of the user is deposited in the breast part, and the seat part that supported the user's buttocks is tilted backwards and the hip part By releasing from, the blood flow disorder of the buttocks can be prevented.
- a position sensor that detects the height direction position of the seating portion is provided, and when it is detected that the sitting posture continues for a long time, the seating portion is raised to take a posture close to a standing position. Flow disturbance can be prevented.
- the support column is a support for depositing the weight of the user when tilting forward, it is preferable that the support column is erected on the front end side of the seating portion and at the center in the width direction of the seating portion.
- the support column is rotatable in the front-rear direction of the base and is provided coaxially with the connecting shaft of the drive mechanism, the structure can be simplified.
- a switch that switches the power unit ON / OFF and the vertical movement of the seating part is provided on the front of the chest (on the front side of the base), it is possible to prevent sudden movement during transfer and safety. Excellent.
- a gripping part When a gripping part is provided at least on one side or the front part of the chest support so as to be rotatable in a horizontal plane, the user grips the gripping part with his / her hand and places the transfer / movement device on the body.
- the position can be easily adjusted by moving it closer or away from the body, and it is excellent in usability, and when rotating the seating part and the chest part, the user grasps the grip part and makes sure the body Can be retained and is excellent in safety.
- the gripping part since the gripping part can be rotated in a horizontal plane, the gripping part does not interfere with the user's posture by turning the gripping part forward after getting on, and the user can be surely in the chest part when leaning forward. It is possible to support the body weight of the body, and it is not only excellent in stability and reliability of support, but also by rotating the gripping part, it can correspond to two movements at the time of transfer and movement. Excellent, with few parts and excellent mass productivity.
- the grip portion can be formed of a metal or synthetic resin pipe or the like.
- the shape of the gripping portion can be selected as appropriate, but a U-shaped or inverted U-shaped shape is easy to grip and is preferably used.
- the gripping part By inserting one end side of the gripping part into the insertion part formed in the chest contact part, the gripping part can be made rotatable. Note that the height of the gripping portion can be adjusted according to the user's physique, posture, application, etc. by fixing the gripping portion to the insertion portion by screwing or pin fitting.
- a switch, a lever, or the like for operating the transfer / moving device or the vertical movement or rotation of the seating portion can be attached to the gripping portion.
- a sixth aspect of the present invention is the transfer / moving apparatus according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, wherein the transfer / moving apparatus is disposed in front of or on the side of the base portion and the leg portion of the user. It has the structure provided with the leg part protection part which protects at least one part. With this configuration, in addition to the operation of any one of claims 1 to 5, the following operation can be obtained. (1) Since it has a leg protection part that is disposed in front of or on the side of the base part and protects at least a part of the user's leg part, it is possible to protect the front surface and both side surfaces of the knees, calves, etc. Yes, it is excellent in safety.
- the shape of the leg protection portion can be selected as appropriate.
- a frame in the form of a plane, a fence, a lattice, etc. may be set up in front of or on the side of the base so as to surround the user, or the user's legs may be directly held to You may fix so that it may not move to the front-back direction.
- the leg protection unit When the user's legs are held, a part of the user's body weight can be supported by the leg protection unit in addition to the chest and seating parts, and the user's weight can be dispersed and supported. Therefore, the posture of the user can be stably maintained even in a state close to a standing posture, and the usability is excellent.
- the leg protection part the two knee abutting parts whose horizontal cross section is formed in a substantially semicircular arc shape or a substantially U-shaped notch shape so as to hold the front surface and both side surfaces of each foot.
- the knee contact portion or the entire leg protection portion is formed of an elastic member such as urethane, or the contact surface of the knee contact portion. Those with an elastic body partially attached are preferred.
- the auxiliary frame with casters When an auxiliary frame with casters is provided on both sides of the base so as to be movable back and forth in parallel with the longitudinal direction of the base, the auxiliary frame can be moved back and forth according to the user's posture (center of gravity). Therefore, the balance can be maintained so that the base portion does not fall down, and the safety is excellent. Moreover, when not in use, the auxiliary frame with casters can be moved so that the base portion and the auxiliary frame with casters overlap, so that the total length can be shortened and stored compactly, which is excellent in transportability and space saving. In the sitting posture in which the seating portion is tilted backward or lowered, the center of gravity is behind the pedestal portion.
- the transfer / moving device as a whole can be prevented from falling backward by moving the auxiliary frame with casters backward. Also, in a standing (upright) posture or a forward leaning posture with the seating part tilted or raised forward, the center of gravity moves to the front of the base part, so the auxiliary frame with casters is moved forward to balance the center of gravity. It is possible to prevent the entire transfer / moving apparatus from tipping forward.
- the auxiliary frame with casters may be movable back and forth with respect to the pedestal.
- the left and right auxiliary frames with casters are formed on both sides of the pedestal by forming long holes in parallel to the longitudinal direction on both sides of the pedestal. Are connected with a connecting shaft penetrating the long hole.
- Handrails may be erected on the upper surfaces of both sides of the base portion or the upper surfaces of the auxiliary frames with casters. Thereby, the user can perform the transfer operation while moving along the handrail at the time of transfer, and the user can be protected at the time of movement, which is excellent in safety.
- a seventh aspect of the present invention is the transfer / moving device according to any one of the first to sixth aspects, wherein the waist abutting portion held rotatably at the rear end side of the seating portion is provided. It has the composition provided. With this configuration, in addition to the operation of any one of claims 1 to 6, the following operation can be obtained. (1) Since it has a waist support portion that is rotatably held at the rear end side of the seating portion, when getting on and off (transferring) the seating portion, the waist contact portion is tilted in the horizontal direction to When moving while sitting on the seat, the seat supports the user's buttocks and hips by moving the seat in the vertical direction. Can be reliably prevented from falling off, and it is excellent in usability and safety.
- the waist portion may be any member that can rotate around a horizontal axis that is orthogonal to the front-rear direction of the base, and the rotation may be performed electrically or manually.
- the waist support part can be rotated to a desired angle by a simple operation, and the operability and labor saving are excellent.
- the rotation of the waist contact portion may be interlocked with the back-and-forth movement, vertical movement or rotation of the seating portion.
- the invention according to claim 8 is the transfer / moving device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a footrest portion slidably disposed in the front-rear direction on the base portion is provided. It has the composition provided. With this configuration, in addition to the operation of any one of claims 1 to 7, the following operation can be obtained. (1) By having the footrest portion slidably disposed in the front-rear direction on the pedestal portion, when the seating portion is moved back and forth, the user can rest the entire body with the foot resting on the footrest portion. Since it can be moved back and forth, there is no need to lift the foot or the user to move the foot back and forth, which makes the center of gravity stable and easy to use. (2) When the seating part is moved backward and transferred between the transfer object such as a bed or a toilet seat, the footrest part can be brought close to the transfer object, so that the weight can be moved smoothly to perform the transfer operation. It can be performed and has excellent usability.
- the footrest part should just be slidable in the front-back direction of the base part. It is preferable to use a structure in which concave rails or grooves are formed or arranged in parallel to the front-rear direction of the base part on the upper surface of the base part or the left and right side parts to guide the footrest part.
- the footrest portion can be smoothly slid.
- the footrest can be moved in accordance with the back and forth movement of the user's body even if the user puts his / her weight on the foot, but if the user moves back and forth in conjunction with the seat, Excellent stability and usability.
- the footrest portion does not necessarily have to be horizontally disposed, and may be disposed to be inclined so that the rear side is lowered. This is because the height of the footrest portion becomes low when moving backward, and it is possible to get on and off easily.
- the footrest part moves up and down together with the seating part, the distance between the seating part and the footrest part can be kept constant, and the user's foot is always supported regardless of the height of the seating part. It is excellent in safety and usability.
- the transfer / movement apparatus of the present invention has the following effects.
- (1) The user can sit on the bed or toilet seat, etc. without changing the direction of the body from the back of the pedestal so that the user can easily straddle the seat, without the help of a caregiver. It is possible to transfer alone, it is difficult to fall, etc., by turning the seating part and the chest part forward, you can leave your weight as if you are hugging the breast part in a forward leaning posture, It is possible to support the user's body by distributing the weight at the seating part and the chest part and to maintain the sitting position or standing position for a long time and to move the body. It is possible to provide a back-opening type transfer / movement device excellent in labor saving, usability, and safety that can greatly reduce the burden on a caregiver (user).
- hung the seating part of the transfer / movement apparatus in Embodiment 1 The schematic plan view which shows the state which lowered
- hung the seating part of the transfer / movement apparatus in Embodiment 1 The schematic side view which shows the state which raised the seating part of the transfer / movement apparatus in Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing a state in which the seating portion of the transfer / movement device in the first embodiment is lowered
- FIG. 2 shows a state in which the seating portion of the transfer / movement device in the first embodiment is lowered
- 3 is a schematic plan view
- FIG. 3 is a schematic side view showing a state in which a seating portion of the transfer / movement apparatus in Embodiment 1 is lowered.
- reference numeral 1 denotes a transfer / movement device according to the first embodiment of the present invention
- 2 denotes a base portion of the transfer / movement device 1 parallel to the ground
- 2 a denotes an upper surface of the base portion
- 2 b denotes a base portion 2.
- Guide holes 2c provided on both side surfaces of the base plate 2 are left and right rotating shaft holding plates erected on the front portion of the base portion 2
- 3 is a traveling portion of the base portion 2 having drive wheels 3a and rear wheels 3b described later.
- 3a is a driving wheel as a front wheel of the traveling unit 3 disposed on the left and right sides of the front of the base unit 2
- 3b is a rear wheel of the traveling unit 3 disposed on the left and right sides of the rear of the base unit 2 (FIG. 3).
- 4 is an auxiliary frame with casters, which can be moved back and forth, arranged on both sides of the pedestal 2, and 4 a and 4 b are inserted into the elongated guide holes 2 b formed on both side surfaces of the pedestal 2 and left and right.
- the connecting shafts 5 for connecting the auxiliary frames 4 and 4 with casters at two positions in the front and rear are provided at the bottoms of the two front and rear positions of the auxiliary frames 4 with casters.
- the caster 10 is provided as a drive mechanism unit of the transfer / moving device 1 for moving a seating portion 22 and a chest support portion 23, which will be described later, to move back and forth by moving up and down.
- the first and second connecting rotation shafts 13 and 14 rotatably held by the left and right rotation shaft holding plates 2c are arranged in front of and behind the rotation shaft holding portion 10a disposed below the seat portion 22.
- the third and fourth connection rotation shafts 15 and 15 are rotatably held at two locations, and the first connection rotation shaft 11 and the third connection rotation shaft 13 are connected by two right and left link shafts 15a and 15b.
- the front link portion 16 is a rear link portion that connects the second connection rotation shaft 12 and the fourth connection rotation shaft 14 by two right and left link shafts 16 a and 16 b
- 17 is a left and right link shaft 15 a of the front link portion 15.
- 15b in the middle of the longitudinal direction
- 18 is the rear link portion 6 is a rear connecting shaft for connecting the left and right link shafts 16a and 16b in the middle of the longitudinal direction
- 20 is a front connecting shaft 17 and a rear connecting shaft 18 so that both ends thereof can freely rotate to the front link portion 15 and the rear link portion 16, respectively.
- the link drive unit of the drive mechanism unit 10 that is connected to the telescopic shaft, 21 is a column that is erected on the third coupling rotation shaft 13, and 22 is a transfer / movement device 1 that is disposed above the rotation shaft holding unit 10a.
- 22a is a insertion portion of the seat portion 22 through which the column 21 is slidably inserted
- 22b is a fixing operation portion for fixing the insertion portion 22a of the seat portion 22 to the column 21 by screwing
- 23 is a lower end portion.
- the chest support part 23a of the transfer / moving device 1 in which the tip of the column 21 is fitted into the drilled fitting hole is formed at the lower end of the central part of the chest support part 23, and the upper end of the column 21 is inserted and fixed.
- the insertion hole, 24, is formed in an inverted U shape, with one end on the chest
- a gripping part 25 inserted through engaging holes 23b formed at two positions on the front side of the front part 23 and rotatably held in a horizontal plane is bent at both ends of the first connecting rotary shaft 11.
- a leg protection part 25a fitted to the bent part 11a is a leg part whose horizontal section is formed in a substantially semicircular arc shape or a substantially U shape so as to hold the front and both sides of the user's knees and shins. These are the two knee abutment portions of the protection portion 25.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic side view showing a state in which the seating portion of the transfer / movement device in Embodiment 1 is raised.
- the drive mechanism unit 10 includes the first and second connection rotation shafts 11 and 12 of the base unit 2 and the third and fourth connection rotation shafts 13 disposed below the seating unit 22. , 14 are connected by a front link portion 15 and a rear link portion 16.
- the link driving unit 20 is driven by an operation switch or a lever (not shown) of the driving mechanism unit 10 provided at a position where the user can easily use from the state of FIG.
- the link portion 15 and the rear link portion 16 rotate in conjunction with each other about the first and second connecting rotation shafts 11 and 12 and are substantially parallel to the upper surface 2 a of the base portion 2.
- the state changes to a state substantially orthogonal to the upper surface 2a of the base part 2.
- the seating portion 22 and the chest support portion 23 disposed on the support column 21 erected on the third connecting shaft 13 maintain the posture (transfer posture) in FIG. It can move to the position of the position posture.
- the connection shafts 4a and 4b are mounted on the support shafts 4a and 4b along the guide holes 2b provided on both side surfaces of the base portion 2 in order to cope with the change of the center of gravity position accompanying the rotation and raising of the seat portion 22 and the chest support portion 23.
- the platform 2 has two drive wheels 3a as front wheels of the traveling unit 3 and two rear wheels 3b, so that it has excellent stability, and the user moves and moves by using the front wheels as drive wheels 3a. It is easy to imagine the traveling direction of the device 1 and is excellent in operability. Further, by increasing the diameter of the driving wheel 3a which is the front wheel of the traveling unit 3, a step or the like can be easily overcome, and the traveling performance is excellent.
- the rear wheel 3b of the traveling unit 3 may be the same size as the drive wheel 3a. Further, the upper surface 2a of the platform 2 on which the user's foot contacts the ground is wider than the shoulder width of the user, and by making it flat, the movement of the foot is not hindered during transfer, and the usability is excellent.
- a motor capable of forward and reverse rotation is used as the power unit of the drive wheel 3a.
- one motor is built in each drive wheel 3a so that the rotation speed and the rotation direction can be controlled independently. This is because a right turn or a left turn can be performed due to a difference in rotational speed between the left and right drive wheels 3a, and a right turn or a left turn can be performed on the spot due to a difference in the rotation direction of the left and right drive wheels 3a.
- operations such as the rotational speed and direction of the drive wheel 3a are performed by an accelerator bar and a brake lever (not shown) provided in the gripping part 24, a switch (not shown) provided in the chest part 23, and the like. be able to.
- the traveling unit 3 is not limited to the present embodiment, and may be any unit that can move (run) the base unit 2. For example, a crawler may be provided, or a leg portion of multiple legs walking may be provided.
- the drive mechanism portion 10 determines whether the rear end of the seating portion 22 is approximately the same as the rear end portion of the base portion 2. It arrange
- a hydraulic cylinder, a gas pressure cylinder, or the like as the link driving unit 20 it is possible to move a heavy object in a compact manner, and it can be controlled and operated smoothly without noise.
- the shape of the seating portion 22 is a pointed shape (the shape seen from above is a pointed type in which the width gradually increases from the tip to the vicinity of the center, and the width increases at a larger rate from there to the rear. (Saddle shape of a bicycle) is not disturbed during transfer, and does not hinder the operation of the thigh when taking the standing position by raising the seat portion 22.
- the shape of the seating portion 22 is not limited to this, and an arbitrary shape that can be easily crossed by the user can be selected.
- the seating portion 22 is formed in the same shape as a saddle type or a riding saddle. Can do.
- the seat portion 22 is slid by inserting the insertion portion 22a of the seat portion 22 into the column 21 standing on the third connecting rotation shaft 13 and screwing it with the fixing operation portion 22b.
- the seating part 22 may be fixed to the upper surface of the rotating shaft holding part 10a.
- pillar 21 can also be formed integrally with the rotating shaft holding
- the chest contact portion 23 is formed of a material having flexibility and elasticity so as not to give partial pressure or discomfort to the chest of the user.
- the material, shape, etc. of the breast support part 23 can select and select an area, a shape, hardness, etc. according to a user's physique etc.
- the grip portion 24 was formed in a reverse U shape with a pipe made of metal or synthetic resin, and one end side thereof was inserted into the engagement hole 23b of the chest contact portion 23 so that the rotation angle in the left-right direction could be fixed. Thereby, the grip part 24 can be rotated in a horizontal plane as needed, and the grip part 24 can be moved to a position where it can be easily gripped, such as the side of the chest part 23 or the front position.
- a rubber grip as an anti-slip to the end portion of the grip portion 24, the user who presses the chest against the chest portion 23 can securely grip the end portion of the grip portion 24, A comfortable posture can be maintained.
- the lower end portion of the leg protection portion 25 is fitted and fixed to a bent portion 11 a obtained by bending both end portions of the first connecting rotation shaft 11. Thereby, the leg protection part 25 can be rotated together with the first connecting rotation shaft 11.
- the leg protection part 25 is formed with two knee abutment parts 25a having a horizontal cross section that is substantially semicircular or U-shaped and opened rearward. Thereby, the front surface and both side surfaces of the lower knee (upper end of the tibia) of both legs of the user can be protected. In addition, it can support a part of the user's weight and hold the foot so that it does not move laterally and back and forth, so that the standing posture and the forward leaning posture can be stably maintained.
- leg protection unit 25 is not limited to the present embodiment, and a frame such as a plane shape, a fence shape, or a lattice shape is erected on the front or side of the base portion 2 to surround the user. You may make it surround.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic side view showing a state before transferring from the toilet seat using the transfer / moving apparatus according to the first embodiment
- FIG. 6 is a diagram after transferring from the toilet seat using the transfer / moving apparatus according to the first embodiment. It is a model side view which shows the state. 5 and 6, 30 is a Western-style toilet equipped with a toilet seat 30a to be transferred, and X is a user. In FIG. 5, the user X holds the grip portion 24 with both hands while sitting on the toilet seat 30a, and moves / moves until the rear end of the seat portion 22 of the transfer / moving device 1 comes into contact with the toilet seat 30a.
- the device 1 is pulled and positioned at an optimal position, and both feet are placed on the upper surface 2 a of the base 2.
- the gripping part 24 can be reliably gripped by rotating the gripping part 24 forward (rear side of the base part 2) as necessary.
- the link driving unit 20 of the driving mechanism unit 10 in advance and lowering the height of the seating unit 22 to the same level as the height of the toilet seat 30a on which the user X sits, the toilet seat 30a Transfer to the seating portion 22 can be easily performed.
- it is excellent in the stability at the time of the user X transferring by moving the auxiliary
- connecting shafts 4 a and 4 b of the auxiliary frame 4 with casters are linked to the second connecting rotating shaft 12 via a link mechanism such as a gear or a belt, and the second connecting rotating shaft 12 of the drive mechanism unit 10. Moves back and forth according to the rotation.
- the buttocks are moved forward to be seated on the seating portion 22, and both feet are moved forward. By moving it, the ride in the sitting position is completed.
- the case of transferring from the toilet seat 30a of the toilet 30 to the transfer / moving apparatus 1 has been described, but the method of use is the same even when the transfer target is a bed, a wheelchair or the like.
- the operation may be performed in a substantially reverse order to the above-described procedure.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic side view showing a state where the transfer / movement device of Embodiment 1 has shifted from a sitting posture to a standing posture.
- the operation lever (not shown) or the like to drive the drive mechanism unit 10 from the state of FIG. 6, the seating unit 22 and the chest support unit 23 rotate forward as shown in FIG. Ascending, the user X is shifted to a standing posture.
- the auxiliary frame 4 with casters moves to the front of the pedestal 2 with the rotation of the second connecting rotation shaft 12 by the above-described link mechanism.
- the height of the seating portion 22 can be adjusted to such an extent that the knee can bend gently so that the weight of the user X can be dispersed and supported by the seating portion 22, the chest contact portion 23, and the leg protection portion 25. preferable. Further, it is preferable to adjust the angle of the leg protection unit 25 by a ratchet mechanism, screwing, or the like so that the vicinity of the user X below the knee is held in contact with the knee contact portion 25a.
- the user X can move by releasing the brake of the transfer / moving device 1 and operating the accelerator bar or the like.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic side view showing a forward tilt posture of the transfer / movement apparatus of the first embodiment.
- the column 21 is rotated and fixed around the third connecting rotation shaft 13, and the seating portion 22 and the chest support portion 23 are tilted forward.
- a link mechanism, a piston cylinder, or the like may be provided between the rotating shaft holding part 10a and the bottom part of the seating part 22 to adjust or fix the angle of the seating part 22.
- the transfer / movement apparatus As described above, since the transfer / movement apparatus according to Embodiment 1 is configured, the following operation can be obtained. (1) There is no backrest in the seating section, and it is possible to get on and off from the back or side of the pedestal, and there is no need to disassemble or deform the seating section when transferring. In the case of a cared person, it is possible to sit on the bed or toilet seat from the back of the pedestal without changing the direction of the body, so that it can be easily straddled from the back of the pedestal. It is possible to transfer alone, support the weight of the cared person (user) at the base, and it is difficult for the car to fall, greatly increasing the burden on the carer and cared person (user) It can be reduced, and it is excellent in labor saving and usability.
- the sitting part and the chest part can be held by holding the weight so as to hug the chest part in a forward leaning posture.
- the body weight can be dispersed and the user's body can be reliably supported, and it is possible to maintain a long-term sitting or standing posture and to move in a stable posture without a backrest. , Can reduce the burden on the user's back and waist, and is excellent in safety and usability.
- the position of the seating part and chest support part can be adjusted by moving in the front-rear direction and the up-down direction according to the situation, and the transfer object and the seating part can be brought close to each other. It can be used even when there is no insertion space for the base part under the transfer object, and is excellent in versatility.
- the seat part and the chest part can be rotated in the front-rear direction by the drive mechanism part, the seat part and the chest part can be lowered while being tilted backward, and the user can get on and off safely and easily.
- the seat and chest part By raising the seat and chest part while tilting forward, the user can be held in a desired posture (angle) or lifted to a desired height. It can be moved and has excellent usability.
- the seating portion can be raised by the drive mechanism and moved (running) in a posture close to a standing position, the user can secure a wider field of view than conventional wheelchairs, Visibility is high, accidents such as collision can be avoided, it is excellent in safety, blood flow can be prevented from worsening, and it can be used instead of a wheelchair to move over a long distance and used Excellent in properties.
- the drive mechanism can raise the seat and chest part, and the chest part can be tilted forward. It is possible to easily open and close the door, open and close the door, wash the surface, cook dishes, etc., widen the work range, and have excellent functionality.
- the drive mechanism section includes two front and rear first and second connecting rotation shafts disposed on the base section, and two front and rear third and fourth connection shafts disposed on the lower portion of the seating section.
- a front link portion and a rear link portion having a moving shaft, and each of the first connection rotation shaft, the third connection rotation shaft, and the second connection rotation shaft and the fourth connection rotation shaft having one or more link shafts.
- the link drive unit whose both ends are rotatably connected to the front link unit and the rear link unit is expanded and contracted, the first and second connection rotation shafts and the third and fourth units are connected. While the distance between the connecting rotation shafts is kept constant, the angle between the front link portion and the rear link portion and the upper surface of the base portion changes, and the seating portion is disposed above the third and fourth connection rotation shafts.
- the seat can be moved up and down directly with a direct acting hydraulic or gas pressure cylinder, etc. In smaller stroke than to, can perform a wide range of height adjustment, miniaturization of the drive mechanism, can be reduced in weight.
- the seating part Since the seating part is supported by the front link part and the rear link part at two places in the front and rear, the weight of the user can be reliably supported, the occurrence of vibration during movement is reduced, and the posture Excellent stabilization. (13) Since the seating portion and the chest support portion are slidably disposed on the support column erected on the third connecting rotation shaft, the seating portion and the chest support portion are adapted according to the physique of the user. The position of can be moved up and down, and the movable range of the seating part and the chest part can be expanded, which is excellent in versatility.
- the person being assisted grips the gripping part with his / her hand, and moves the transfer / movement device to the body.
- the position can be easily adjusted by moving it closer to or away from the body, and it is excellent in usability.
- the person being assisted can grip the gripping part and hold the body reliably, which is excellent in safety.
- the gripping part can be rotated in a horizontal plane, the gripping part does not interfere with the user's posture by turning the gripping part forward after getting on, and is reliably used in the chest part when tilting forward.
- the body weight of the person can be supported, and the stability and reliability of the support are excellent.
- (17) By simply rotating the gripping part, it can be moved to an optimal position corresponding to two operations during transfer and movement, and is excellent in versatility, has a small number of parts, and is excellent in mass productivity.
- the front and both side surfaces such as knees and inflated shins can be protected by the leg protection unit disposed in front of the platform, and the safety is excellent.
- the auxiliary frame Since there are auxiliary frames with casters arranged on both sides of the base part so as to be able to move back and forth in parallel with the longitudinal direction of the base part, the auxiliary frame can be moved back and forth according to the posture (center of gravity) of the user. By doing so, the balance can be maintained so that the base portion does not fall down, and the safety is excellent.
- the auxiliary frame with casters can be moved so that the base portion and the auxiliary frame with casters overlap, and the total length can be shortened and stored compactly, resulting in excellent transportability and space saving.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic side view showing a state where the seating portion of the transfer / movement device in the second embodiment is lowered.
- the transfer / movement device 1A according to the second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the drive mechanism section 10 uses a four-bar linkage mechanism that rotates and moves the seating section 22 and the chest support section 23 up and down.
- the drive mechanism portion 10A using a piston cylinder 20A such as a hydraulic cylinder or a gas pressure cylinder that moves the seating portion 22 and the chest support portion 23 up and down, it rotates to the lower portion of the seating portion 22.
- the shaft holding portion 10b is integrally formed, and the support column 21 is rotatably held by the rotation shaft holding portion 10b via the connecting rotation shaft 13a.
- the piston cylinder 20A is used for the drive mechanism portion 10A.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and a combination of a rack and a pinion, a link mechanism such as a lazy tong, and a lifting means such as a ball screw are used. May be. Further, the tilting and fixing of the seating portion 22 and the chest support portion 23 may be performed manually by a ratchet mechanism, screwing, or the like.
- the drive mechanism unit 10A is not limited to the vertical movement of the seating part 22 and the chest support part 23, and the seating part 22 and the chest support part 23 are obliquely moved from the rear low position to the front high position of the base part 2. It is also possible to move forward and backward and to move up and down at the same time. In this case, the seating section 22 can be quickly moved to and from the boarding and moving to an optimal position for movement (running) by a single operation, which is excellent in labor saving and usability. Moreover, when moving the seating part 22 between the rear low position and the front high position of the base part 2, the user's weight can be deposited and supported in the front chest part 23, so that the balance is lost.
- the transfer / movement apparatus in the second embodiment is configured, (1) to (3), (6) to (8), (14) to (21) obtained in the first embodiment.
- the following action is obtained.
- the seating part can be used according to the height of the transfer object such as a bed or toilet seat, the physique or posture of the user, etc.
- the position of the chest support part can be freely adjusted, and the transfer object and the seating part can be brought close to each other, so that one person can easily perform the transfer operation, and the base part is placed below the transfer object. It can be used even when there is no insertion space, and is highly versatile.
- the seating part and the chest part can be moved up and down by the drive mechanism part, the seat part and the chest part are raised and then the seat part and the chest part are raised. Therefore, it can be lifted to a desired height, can be moved in a user's comfortable posture, and is excellent in usability.
- the seating and chest part can be raised by the drive mechanism, it can reach places that could not be reached by conventional wheelchairs, put objects in and out of high places, open and close doors, Cooking, etc. can be performed easily, the working range can be expanded, and the functionality is excellent.
- the seating portion can be moved up and down simply and reliably with only the piston cylinder, and the height adjustment of the seating portion relative to the transfer object such as a bed or toilet seat is easy and excellent in usability.
- FIG. 10 is a schematic plan view showing a state where the seating portion of the transfer / movement device of the third embodiment is lowered, and FIG. 11 shows a state where the transfer / movement device of the third embodiment is boarded in a standing posture.
- FIG. 12 is a schematic side view, and FIG. 12 is a schematic side view showing a state before transferring to the toilet seat using the transfer / moving apparatus of the third embodiment.
- the transfer / moving device 1B according to the third embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the driving wheels 3a of the traveling unit 3 are formed small and the upper surface 2a of the base unit 2 is It is provided with a footrest portion 2d that is slidably disposed in the front-rear direction on the upper side, and a waist support portion 22c that is rotatably held at the rear end portion of the seating portion 22. .
- the footrest portion 2d is placed on the upper surface 2a of the base portion 2, and is guided in the left and right side portions and slides in the front-rear direction.
- the footrest portion 2d can be smoothly slid.
- the footrest 2d can be moved in accordance with the back and forth movement of the user x's body even if the user x puts his / her weight on the foot, but moves back and forth in conjunction with the seating portion 22. If it is, it will be excellent in stability and usability.
- the motor for driving the wheels of the footrest portion 2d is rotated forward and backward in accordance with the expansion and contraction of the link drive portion 20 of the drive mechanism portion 10. That's fine.
- the footrest portion 2d is horizontally disposed.
- the footrest portion 2d is lowered in height when moved rearward, and gets on and off. It can be performed easily and has excellent usability.
- the footrest portion 2d moves up and down together with the seating portion 22, the distance between the seating portion 22 and the footrest portion 2d can be kept constant and is always used regardless of the height of the seating portion 22.
- the foot of the person x can be supported by the footrest portion 2d, which is excellent in safety and usability.
- the lower end portion of the waist contact portion 22 c is rotatably held at the rear end portion of the seating portion 22. Since the waist contact portion 22c can be rotated around a horizontal axis orthogonal to the front-rear direction of the base portion 2, the waist support portion 22c can be rotated at a desired angle with respect to the seating portion 22.
- the seat portion 22 When moving in a standing posture, as shown in FIG. 11, the seat portion 22 is moved forward or upward, and the waist portion 22c is stood in the vertical direction, so that the user x at the waist portion 22c. It is possible to safely support the vicinity of the buttocks and is excellent in safety.
- the transfer object such as the toilet seat 30a, as shown in FIG. 12
- the footrest portion 2d is moved backward,
- the user x can move the entire body smoothly without losing balance.
- the waist contact portion 22c by tilting the waist contact portion 22c in the horizontal direction (rearward), the waist contact portion 22c does not get in the way, and the transfer operation can be performed smoothly, and the usability is excellent.
- FIG. 12 shows that the waist contact portion 22c does not get in the way, and the transfer operation can be performed smoothly, and the usability is excellent.
- the rotating operation of the waist contact portion 22c may be performed electrically or manually. However, by electrification, it can be rotated to a desired angle by a simple operation, and operability and labor saving are achieved. Excellent in properties.
- the waist contact portion 22c is automatically rotated in conjunction with the back-and-forth movement and vertical movement of the seating portion 22, no troublesome operation is required, and the waist contact portion 22c is moved while being tilted backward. It is excellent in safety and handling. Even when moving (running) in the sitting posture, the user x can be safely supported at the time of starting or accelerating by raising the waist portion 22c, which is excellent in reliability.
- the transfer / movement apparatus in the third embodiment is configured, in addition to the operation obtained in the first embodiment, the following operation can be obtained.
- the waist contact portion is tilted in the horizontal direction to When moving while sitting on the seat, the seat supports the user's buttocks and hips by moving the seat in the vertical direction. Can be reliably prevented from falling off, and it is excellent in usability and safety.
- the seating part is moved rearward or downward and transferred between the bed and the transfer object such as the toilet seat, the seating part and the transfer object cannot be sufficiently brought close to each other, and there is a gap.
- the waist and the object to be transferred cannot be adjusted to the same height and there is a level difference, the gap or level difference can be eliminated by tilting the waist back part backward.
- the transfer work can be performed smoothly between the two, and it is excellent in usability and versatility.
- the footrest part When the seating part is moved backward and transferred between the transfer object such as a bed or a toilet seat, the footrest part can be brought close to the transfer object, so that the weight can be moved smoothly and the transfer operation can be performed. It can be performed and has excellent usability.
- the present invention can be easily transferred to and from a bed, toilet seat, wheelchair, etc. without changing the direction of the body, has a simple structure and can be used by one person, and gives a load to the back and waist of the user. It can be used for a long time, and even when there is damage to the spine, it can be used without difficulty, greatly reducing the burden on caregivers and care recipients (users). Functionality, stability, and versatility that can be used for long-distance movement by using easily instead of bicycles, motorcycles, wheelchairs, etc. This is a transfer / moving device with excellent handling, and it is possible to use one transfer / moving device for various purposes such as transferring / moving and rehabilitation. As well as caregivers and doctors It is possible to reduce the burden.
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Abstract
Description
特に、寝たきりの人や足腰の弱った老人等のように身体が不自由で、介護を必要とする被介護者をベッドと車椅子などとの間で移乗させる際には、介護者が被介護者を抱きかかえたり、リフターと呼ばれる移乗機器などを使用したりしているが、介護者が被介護者を抱きかかえて体重を支える場合には、介護者への負担が大きく、腰痛などの原因となっていた。また、車椅子への乗降時にバランスを崩すなどして転倒事故が発生することもあり、使用性に欠けるものであった。
さらに、通常の車椅子では背もたれによって背中にも圧迫を受けるが、特に脊椎損傷患者の場合は、脊髄損傷によって感覚を失っていると肉体的苦痛を知覚できず、血流障害などが発生することもあった。また、脊椎損傷患者の車椅子座位姿勢は脊柱を後彎し骨盤を大きく後傾させた姿勢をしており、健常者に比べ狭い範囲に圧力が集中し易い傾向にあるため座位姿勢に特に注意を要する必要があった。
また、寝たきりの生活を続ける被介護者は、筋肉が落ち、入院が長期化することもあった。これらを防ぐには、介助やリハビリなどにより定期的に体を動かすことや、頻繁に体位を交換することが必要であり、介護者にも大きな負担となっていた。
介護者や被介護者の負担を軽減することができ、リハビリにも効果のある歩行器も利用されているが、着座部が設けられておらず、疲れた際には別の椅子を用意する必要があり、また有輪式歩行器は停止装置がないため立ち止まった際の安定感に欠け、特に屋外や斜面での利用には不向きであり、用途や使用場所が限定され、汎用性に欠けるものであった。
また、(特許文献2)には、「キャスターを有する台座に主柱を立設し、該主柱に嵌合させた中空軸にテーブルと椅子を設けると共に、テーブルと椅子を主柱に沿って昇降させる昇降装置とからなる介護用人体移動装置」が開示されている。
(1)(特許文献1)の移乗機能付き介護椅子は、一般的な椅子と同様に座部の背後に背もたれを有しているので、使用前に座部と背もたれが平行になるまで背もたれを倒すか、或いは一旦、背もたれを取り外した後、ベッド上に座部を移動させ、座部の高さをベッドの高さに調整し、被介護者を座部の上に載せてから、座部を上昇させ、移乗機能付き介護椅子全体をベッドから引き出さなければならず、工程が煩雑で使用性に欠けるという課題があった。
また、使用状態では背もたれによる背中への圧迫があり、特に脊髄損傷者が使用するには不向きであるという課題があった。
(2)(特許文献2)の介護用人体移動装置は、椅子が、後部中央に設けた軸で両開き可能に形成されており、被移乗者の腰の後方より、開放した椅子を接触させ、介護者が被移乗者の左右の大腿部を交互に持ち上げながら、臀部に座を挿入しなければならず、介護者の手間がかかり、使用性に欠けると共に、椅子の構造が複雑で量産性に欠けるという課題があった。
また、座が左右に分割されているので、強度が不足し易く、介護者の体重を確実に支持することが困難で、耐久性、体重支持の安定性に欠けるという課題があった。
本発明の請求項1に記載の移乗・移動装置は、走行部を有する台部と、前記台部上に配設され利用者が後方又は側方から着座する着座部と、前記着座部の前端側に立設され前記利用者の胸部に当接する胸当部と、を有し、前記着座部又は前記胸当部の少なくともいずれか一方が、前記台部に対し前後方向若しくは上下方向に移動自在に保持されている構成を有している。
この構成により、以下のような作用が得られる。
(1)着座部に背もたれがなく、台部の後方又は側方から乗り降りすることができ、移乗に際し、着座部を分解したり、変形させたりする必要がなく、特に利用者が足腰などの弱った被介護者の場合はベッドや便座などに着座した状態から体の向きを変えずにそのまま台部後方より容易に着座部を跨ぐようにして着座することができ、介護者の手を借りることなく一人で移乗することが可能で、台部で被介護者(利用者)の体重を支持することができ、転倒などが発生し難く、介護者及び被介護者(利用者)の負担を大幅に軽減することができ、省力性、使用性に優れる。
(2)着座部の前端側に立設され利用者の胸部に当接する胸当部を有するので、前傾姿勢で胸当部に抱きつくようにして体重を預けることにより、着座部及び胸当部で体重を分散して利用者の体を確実に支持することができ、背もたれがなくても安定した姿勢で、長時間の座位姿勢或いは立位姿勢を維持することや移動を行うことが可能で、利用者の背中や腰などへの負担を軽減でき、安全性、使用性に優れる。
(3)利用者の胸に胸当部を当接させることで、脊椎が頸椎で前彎、胸椎で後彎、腰椎で前彎したS字状のカーブを描き、かつ骨盤がやや前傾した正常な立位姿勢に近い姿勢を取ることができ、坐骨結節に体重が均等に分散した理想的な座位姿勢を保持して、利用者の負担を軽減でき、長時間の連続使用性に優れる。
(4)着座部又は胸当部の少なくともいずれか一方が、台部に対し前後方向若しくは上下方向に移動自在に保持されているので、ベッドや便座等の移乗対象物の高さや利用者の体格、姿勢などに応じて、着座部や胸当部の位置を自在に調整することができ、移乗対象物と着座部を接近させることができるため、一人で簡便に移乗動作を行うことができ、移乗対象物の下部に台部の挿入スペースがない場合でも利用可能で、汎用性に優れる。
(5)着座部や胸当部を前後動させたり、上下動させたりすることができるので、着座部や胸当部を台部の後方や下方に移動させて利用者が安全かつ簡便に乗り降りできると共に、着座後に着座部や胸当部を前方や上方に移動させることにより、利用者を所望の姿勢(角度)に保持したり、所望の高さに持ち上げたりすることができ、利用者の楽な姿勢で移動を行うことができ、使用性に優れる。
(6)背もたれがなく、利用者の背面(着座部の後方)が開放された背面開放型であるため、利用者が脊椎や腰椎など背中や腰に損傷がある患者の場合には、そのまま背面(背中)からの診察を容易に行うことができ、ベッドなどへの移動が不要で、利用者の負担を軽減できると共に、診察に要する時間を短縮することができ、診察性に優れる。
(7)台部が走行部を有するので、老人や肢体不自由者等に限らず、健常者の子供から大人まで幅広い利用者が、自転車、オートバイ、車椅子などの代わりに手軽に使用して屋内、屋外での移動を行うことができる。
(8)着座部を上方に移動させた場合、立位に近い姿勢で移動(走行)することができるため、従来の車椅子に比べて利用者が広い視界を確保することができ、他人からの視認性も高く、衝突などの事故を回避することができ、安全性に優れると共に、血流の悪化を防ぐことができ、車椅子の代わりに利用して長距離の移動を行うことができ、使用性に優れる。
(9)着座部や胸当部を上方に移動させたり、胸当部を前方に移動させたりすることができるため、従来の車椅子では届かなかった場所にも手が届き、高所への物の出し入れやドアの開閉、洗面や料理等も行うことが可能で、作業範囲を広げることができ、機能性に優れる。
(10)電動の駆動手段などを用いて着座部に前後動や上下動をさせた場合、利用者の股関節、膝関節、足関節等を運動させることができ、一人でも屈伸運動などによる下半身の関節可動域の拡大や筋力増強、血流の改善等のリハビリテーションを行うことが可能で、下半身の運動機能の低下や浮腫等を防止することができ、機能性、省力性に優れる。
走行部は台部を移動(走行)させることができればよく、車輪に限らず、クローラや多足歩行の脚部などを備えるものでもよい。走行部として車輪を備える場合の数や配置は、適宜、選択することができる。前輪、後輪を2つずつ設けた場合、利用者の体重を確実に支持して屋内や屋外で移乗・移動装置を自在に移動させることができ、体重支持及び移動の安定性に優れる。台部には動力部を有することも可能であり、正逆回転可能なモーターが好適に用いられる。前輪と後輪の少なくともどちら一方を駆動輪とすればよいが、全輪駆動としてもよい。駆動輪は、移乗・移動装置の任意の位置に配設されたアクセル等を操作して移乗・移動装置本体を移動できるものであればよい。特に、台部を全方向移動可能とした場合、小回りが効き、機動性に優れる。
バッテリーとしては、充電できる二次電池が好ましく、ニッケル-カドミウム電池、ニッケル-水素電池、リチウムイオン二次電池、鉛電池等が使用できる。さらに、バッテリーを脱着自在とした場合、空になったバッテリーを移乗・移動装置から外して充電している間でも、他の充電済みのバッテリーを搭載して駆動することができ、使用性に優れる。移乗・移動装置は、台部に予備のバッテリーを装着することもでき、予備バッテリーを装着することで走行距離を長くすることができる。
車輪は、任意の形態のものを選定することができるが、発泡ウレタン入りのパンクレスタイヤを使用した場合、パンクの心配やガス圧の調整を行う必要がなく、使用性に優れる。また、各々の駆動輪にサスペンションを配設すれば、快適な乗り心地にすることができる。
尚、台部の前方や側方に金属製のパイプ等で格子状に形成されたフットガードを配設することにより、立位姿勢でサッカー等の競技にも参加することが可能となる。
移乗の際に、臀部を着座部の表面で滑り易くして移動を容易にするために、着座部の表面を摩擦係数の低い皮革やポリウレタン繊維、アラミド繊維等の材質で被覆したり、表面に多数のローラーを設けたりしても良い。尚、着座部の金属製や合成樹脂製の基部と表皮の間にウレタンなどの高分子化学物質で作った発泡材を入れた場合、振動および衝撃の吸収の他、坐骨下などの高圧点の圧力を分散させることができ、神経の圧迫や血行等を改善し、臀部の痛みを軽減することができる。さらに、臀部の蒸れを防止する目的で着座部に通気孔を設けることや、表皮をメッシュ構造の生地で形成することも可能である。
尚、利用者が移乗・移動装置に乗車した際に直視できる胸当部の上面などに、バッテリーの残存容量を表示する表示部を配設してもよい。ランプの色や点灯状態などを変化させて、バッテリーの残存容量を表示することができ、利用者は安心して外出することができる。
尚、着座部を移乗対象と同じ高さに移動させた際に、着座部の後端が台部の後端部とほぼ同じ位置か台部の後端部よりも後方に突き出るように配置することで、着座部と便座等の移乗対象を接近させることができ、移乗対象と着座部との間に隙間が発生し難く、移乗作業を容易に行うことができる。
尚、移乗・移動装置は、携帯電話等の移動体通信装置や無線LAN等を用いた遠隔操作により駆動することもできる。その場合、利用者がベッド等に着座した状態でジョイスティック等のリモコン操作により、離れた(手の届かない)位置にある移乗・移動装置を移動させて、最適な移乗位置に位置決めを行うことができ、介護者の補助なしにベッド等から移乗・移動装置に移乗することができ、介護者の負担を軽減できる。
この構成により、請求項1の作用に加え、以下のような作用が得られる。
(1)着座部を台部の後方低位置と台部の前方高位置との間で移動させて着座部の前後動及び上下動を行う駆動機構部を有することにより、一度の動作で速やかに着座部を移乗や乗り降り、移動(走行)に最適な位置に移動させることができ、省力性、使用性に優れる。
(2)着座部を台部の後方低位置と前方高位置との間で移動させる際に、利用者の体重を前方の胸当部に預けて支えることができるので、バランスを崩すことなく安全に前後動及び上下動を行うことができ、落下や転倒のおそれがなく、誰でも安心して手軽に利用することができ、動作の安定性、信頼性に優れる。
(3)駆動機構部で着座部を移動させることにより、移動(走行)速度や利用者の体格等に応じて簡便に重心高さ(位置)を調整して、安定した姿勢を維持することができ、走行時の安全性、姿勢の安定性に優れる。
この構成により、請求項1の作用に加え、以下のような作用が得られる。
(1)着座部又は胸当部を台車の前後方向と直交する水平軸周りに回動させて着座部又は胸当部の前後動及び上下動を行う駆動機構部を有することにより、小さな力で利用者を持ち上げて移動させることができ、コンパクト性、省力性に優れる。
(2)駆動機構部で着座部や胸当部を回動させることにより、着座部や胸当部を後傾させながら下降させて利用者を移乗させたり、着座部や胸当部を前傾させながら上昇させることができるので、スムーズな動作で利用者を所望の姿勢(角度)に保持したり、所望の高さに持ち上げたりすることができ、動作安定性に優れる。
この構成により、請求項3の作用に加え、以下のような作用が得られる。
(1)駆動機構部が、台部に配設された前後2箇所の第1,第2連結回動軸と、着座部の下部に配設された前後2箇所の第3,第4連結回動軸を有し、第1連結回動軸と第3連結回動軸及び第2連結回動軸と第4連結回動軸が、それぞれ1以上のリンク軸を有する前方リンク部及び後方リンク部で連結されているので、両端部が前方リンク部及び後方リンク部に回動自在に連結されたリンク駆動部を伸縮させることにより、第1,第2連結回動軸間及び第3,第4連結回動軸間の距離を一定に保ったまま、前方リンク部及び後方リンク部と台部上面とのなす角度が変化し、第3,第4連結回動軸の上方に配置された着座部を前後方向へ回動させながら上下動させることができ、直動式の油圧又はガス圧シリンダ等により着座部を直接、上下動させるよりも小さなストロークで、広範な高さ調整を行うことが可能で、駆動機構部の小型化、軽量化を図ることができる。
(2)着座部が、前方リンク部及び後方リンク部により、前後2箇所で支持されるため、利用者の体重を確実に支持することができ、移動時の振動の発生を低減して、姿勢の安定化に優れる。
また、胸当部も着座部と一体化して、同時に回動及び上下動するようにしてもよいし、着座部と独立して回動或いは上下動できるようにしてもよい。
前方リンク部及び後方リンク部は、それぞれ少なくとも1本のリンク軸で、第1連結回動軸と第3連結回動軸及び第2連結回動軸と第4連結回動軸を連結するが、各々の連結回動軸の左右2箇所を2本のリンク軸で連結するようにした場合、4本のリンク軸で利用者の体重を支えることができ、支持の安定性、耐久性、安全性に優れ、好ましい。
尚、リンク駆動部としては、油圧又はガス圧シリンダ等の伸縮手段が好適に用いられる。コンパクトで重量物を動かすことができ、制御が容易で騒音がなくスムーズに動作するためである。
この構成により、請求項4の作用に加え、以下のような作用が得られる。
(1)着座部又は胸当部の少なくともいずれか一方が、第3連結回動軸又は第3連結回動軸と第4連結回動軸を回動自在に保持する回動軸保持部のいずれかに立設された支柱に摺動自在に配設されているので、利用者の体格などに応じて、着座部や胸当部の位置を上下動させ、着座部や胸当部の可動範囲を広げることができ、汎用性に優れる。
また、支柱を第3連結回動軸に立設する場合、第3連結回動軸と共に支柱を回動させることができ、支柱に配設される胸当部や着座部の角度を自在に調整することができる。このとき、支柱の下端部(第3連結回動軸周り)にラチェット機構を配設することにより、所望の角度で支柱を固定することができる。胸当部や着座部を回動軸周りに回動させることにより、利用者の体格や好みに応じて、胸当部や着座部の傾斜角度を調整して、楽な姿勢で利用することができる。
なお、胸当部の前面(台部の前方側)に、動力部のON/OFFや着座部の上下動の切り替えを行うスイッチを設けた場合、移乗時に急に移動することを防止でき安全性に優れる。
胸当部の少なくとも一側部又は前部に水平面内で回動自在に配設された把持部を備えた場合、利用者が自分の手で把持部を把持して移乗・移動装置を身体に近づけたり、身体から遠ざけたりして簡便に位置を調整することができ、使用性に優れると共に、着座部や胸当部を回動させる際に、利用者が把持部を把持して確実に身体を保持することができ、安全性に優れる。また、把持部が水平面内で回動自在なので、乗車後に把持部を前方へ回動させることで、把持部が利用者の姿勢を妨げることがなく、前傾時に胸当部で確実に利用者の体重を支持することができ、支持の安定性、確実性に優れるだけでなく、把持部を回動させるだけで、移乗時と移動時の2つの動作に対応することができ、汎用性に優れ、部品点数が少なく、量産性に優れる。
また、把持部には移乗・移動装置の運転や着座部の上下動或いは回動を操作するためのスイッチやレバー等を取り付けることができる。
この構成により、請求項1乃至5の内いずれか1項の作用に加え、以下のような作用が得られる。
(1)台部の前方又は側方に配設され利用者の脚部の少なくとも一部を保護する脚部保護部を有するので、膝や脹ら脛等の前面や両側面を保護することができ、安全性に優れる。
着座部を後傾或いは下降させた座位姿勢では、重心が台部の後方にあるため、キャスター付き補助フレームを後方へ移動させることで、移乗・移動装置全体が後方に転倒することを防止できる。また、着座部を前傾或いは上昇させた立位(直立)姿勢や前傾姿勢では、重心が台部の前方に移動するため、キャスター付き補助フレームを前方へ移動させることで、重心のバランスを保つことができ、移乗・移動装置全体が前方に転倒することを防止できる。
台部の両側上面又は各々のキャスター付き補助フレームの上面に手摺を立設してもよい。これにより、移乗時に利用者が手摺を伝いながら移乗動作を行うことができる他、移動時に利用者を保護することができ、安全性に優れる。
この構成により、請求項1乃至6の内いずれか1項の作用に加え、以下のような作用が得られる。
(1)着座部の後端側に回動自在に保持された腰当部を有するので、着座部への乗り降り(移乗)を行う際には腰当部を水平方向に倒すことにより、腰当部が邪魔になることがなく、着座部に着座して移動を行う際には腰当部を垂直方向に立てることにより、利用者の臀部や腰部を支え、発進時や加速時などに着座部から落下することを確実に防止でき、使用性、安全性に優れる。
(2)着座部を後方や下方に移動させ、ベッドや便座等の移乗対象との間で移乗する際に、着座部と移乗対象を十分に接近させることができず、隙間が生じる場合や着座部と移乗対象を同じ高さに合わせることができず、段差が生じる場合などに、腰当部を後方に倒すことにより、その隙間や段差を解消することができ、着座部と移乗対象との間でスムーズに移乗作業を行うことができ、使用性、汎用性に優れる。
この構成により、請求項1乃至7の内いずれか1項の作用に加え、以下のような作用が得られる。
(1)台部に前後方向に摺動自在に配設された足載せ部を有することにより、着座部を前後動させる際に、利用者が足載せ部に足を載置したまま体全体を前後動させることができるので、足を浮かせたり、利用者自身が足を前後に動かしたりする必要がなく、重心の安定性、使用性に優れる。
(2)着座部を後方に移動させ、ベッドや便座等の移乗対象との間で移乗する際に、足載せ部を移乗対象に近づけることができるので、スムーズに体重を移動させて移乗動作を行うことができ、使用性に優れる。
尚、足載せ部は必ずしも水平に配置する必要はなく、後方が低くなるように傾斜させて配置してもよい。後方に移動した際に足載せ部の高さが低くなり、容易に乗り降りすることができるためである。また、足載せ部が着座部と共に上下動するようにした場合、着座部と足載せ部との距離を一定に保つことができ、着座部の高さによらず、常に利用者の足を支えることができ、安全性、使用性に優れる。
請求項1に記載の発明によれば、以下のような効果を有する。
(1)利用者がベッドや便座などに着座した状態から体の向きを変えずにそのまま台部後方より容易に着座部を跨ぐようにして着座することができ、介護者の手を借りることなく一人で移乗することが可能で、転倒などが発生し難く、着座部や胸当部を前方に回動させることにより、前傾姿勢で胸当部に抱きつくようにして体重を預けることができ、着座部及び胸当部で体重を分散して利用者の体を確実に支持することができ、座位姿勢或いは立位姿勢を長時間維持することや移動を行うことが可能で、介護者及び被介護者(利用者)の負担を大幅に軽減することができる省力性、使用性、安全性に優れた背面開放型の移乗・移動装置を提供することができる。
(1)利用者の体重を前方の胸当部に預けて支えながら、バランスを崩すことなく安全に着座部を台部の後方低位置と前方高位置との間で移動させることができ、落下や転倒のおそれがなく、誰でも安心して手軽に利用することができる動作の安定性、信頼性に優れた移乗・移動装置を提供することができる。
(1)着座部又は胸当部を水平軸周りに回動させて前後動及び上下動を行うことにより、小さな力で利用者を持ち上げて移動させることができるコンパクト性、省力性に優れた移乗・移動装置を提供することができる。
(1)前方リンク部及び後方リンク部が台部上面とほぼ平行になるように折り畳んだ状態から、略90度に起立する位置まで回動させることで、着座部を広範な範囲で高さ調整することができる小型軽量で、駆動の効率性、コンパクト性に優れた移乗・移動装置を提供することができる。
(1)支柱に沿って着座部や胸当部の位置を上下動させることにより、着座部や胸当部の可動範囲を広げることができ、様々な体格の利用者に対応することができる汎用性に優れた移乗・移動装置を提供することができる。
(1)利用者の膝や脹ら脛等の前面や両側面などを確実に保護することができる安全性に優れた移乗・移動装置を提供することができる。
(1)着座部の位置に応じて腰当部を最適な位置(角度)に回動させることにより、移乗時に着座部への乗り降りをスムーズに行うことや移動(走行)時に利用者の臀部や腰部を確実に支えることができる使用性、安全性に優れた移乗・移動装置を提供することができる。
(1)着座部を前後動させる際に、利用者が足載せ部に足を載置したまま体全体を前後動させることができ、足を浮かせたり、利用者自身が足を前後に動かしたりする必要がなく、移乗動作をスムーズに行うことが可能で、重心の安定性、使用性に優れた移乗・移動装置を提供することができる。
(実施の形態1)
図1は実施の形態1における移乗・移動装置の着座部を下降させた状態を示す模式斜視図であり、図2は実施の形態1における移乗・移動装置の着座部を下降させた状態を示す模式平面図であり、図3は実施の形態1における移乗・移動装置の着座部を下降させた状態を示す模式側面図である。
図1乃至図3中、1は本発明の実施の形態1の移乗・移動装置、2は地面と平行な移乗・移動装置1の台部、2aは台部2の上面、2bは台部2の両側面に設けられたガイド孔、2cは台部2の前方部分に立設された左右の回動軸保持板、3は後述する駆動輪3aと後輪3bを有する台部2の走行部、3aは台部2の前方の左右両側に配設された走行部3の前輪としての駆動輪、3bは台部2の後方の左右両側に配設された走行部3の後輪(図3)、4は台部2の両脇に配設された前後動可能なキャスター付き補助フレーム、4a,4bは台部2の両側面に形成された長孔状のガイド孔2bに貫設され左右のキャスター付き補助フレーム4,4を前後2箇所で連結する連結軸、5は各々のキャスター付き補助フレーム4の前後2箇所の底部に配設されたキャスター、10は後述する着座部22及び胸当部23を回動によって前後動及び上下動させる移乗・移動装置1の駆動機構部、11,12は台部2の前方部分に立設された左右の回動軸保持板2cに回動自在に保持された第1,第2連結回動軸、13,14は着座部22の下部に配設された回動軸保持部10aの前後2箇所に回動自在に保持された第3,第4連結回動軸、15は第1連結回動軸11と第3連結回動軸13を左右2本のリンク軸15a,15bで連結する前方リンク部、16は第2連結回動軸12と第4連結回動軸14を左右2本のリンク軸16a,16bで連結する後方リンク部、17は前方リンク部15の左右のリンク軸15a,15bを長手方向の途中で連結する前方連結軸(図2)、18は後方リンク部16の左右のリンク軸16a,16bを長手方向の途中で連結する後方連結軸、20は前方連結軸17と後方連結軸18により両端部がそれぞれ前方リンク部15及び後方リンク部16に回動自在に連結されて伸縮する駆動機構部10のリンク駆動部、21は第3連結回動軸13に立設された支柱、22は回動軸保持部10aの上方に配置された移乗・移動装置1の着座部、22aは支柱21が摺動自在に挿通された着座部22の挿通部、22bは螺子止めにより着座部22の挿通部22aを支柱21に固定する固定操作部、23は下端部に穿設された嵌合孔に支柱21の先端が嵌合された移乗・移動装置1の胸当部、23aは胸当部23の中央部下端に穿設され支柱21の上端が挿通固定される挿通孔、24は逆U字型に形成され一端側が胸当部23の前面側の左右2箇所に形成された係合孔23bに挿通され水平面内で回動自在に保持された把持部、25は第1連結回動軸11の両端部を屈曲させた屈曲部11aに嵌装された脚部保護部、25aは利用者の両膝や脛の前面及び両側面を保持するように水平断面が略半円弧状や略U字状に形成された脚部保護部25の2つの膝当接部である。
本実施の形態では、駆動機構部10に、台部2の第1,第2連結回動軸11,12と、着座部22の下部に配設された第3,第4連結回動軸13,14を前方リンク部15と後方リンク部16で連結した4節リンク機構を使用した。
図3の状態から利用者が利用し易い位置に設けられた駆動機構部10の操作スイッチ又はレバー等(図示せず)によりリンク駆動部20を駆動すると、リンク駆動部20が短くなるに従って、前方リンク部15と後方リンク部16は第1,第2連結回動軸11,12を中心として連動して回動し、台部2の上面2aと略平行な状態から、図4に示すように、台部2の上面2aと略直交する状態に変化する。その結果、第3連結軸13に立設された支柱21に配設された着座部22及び胸当部23は、図3での姿勢(移乗姿勢)を保持した状態で、図4に示す立位姿勢の位置まで移動することができる。
このとき、着座部22及び胸当部23の回動及び上昇に伴う重心位置の変化に対応するため、台部2の両側面に設けられたガイド孔2bに沿って連結軸4a,4bを台部2の前方側へ移動させることにより、キャスター付き補助フレーム4でバランスを保つことができ、移乗・移動装置1が前方へ転倒することを防止することができる。
本実施の形態では、駆動輪3aの動力部として、正逆回転可能なモーターを用いた。また、各々の駆動輪3aに対し1つのモーターを内蔵し、回転速度や回転方向を各々独立して制御できるようにした。左右の駆動輪3aの回転速度差によって右折や左折を行うことや左右の駆動輪3aの回転方向の違いによってその場で右旋回や左旋回を行うことができ、機動性に優れるためである。尚、駆動輪3aの回転速度や回転方向等の操作は把持部24に配設したアクセルバーやブレーキレバー(図示せず)、胸当部23に配設したスイッチ(図示せず)などによって行うことができる。
尚、走行部3は本実施の形態に限定されるものではなく、台部2を移動(走行)させることができるものであればよい。例えば、クローラを備えてもよいし、多足歩行の脚部などを備えてもよい。
尚、本実施の形態では、第3連結回動軸13に立設された支柱21に着座部22の挿通部22aを挿通し、固定操作部22bで螺子止めすることにより着座部22を摺動自在に固定したが、着座部22は回動軸保持部10aの上面に固定してもよい。また、支柱21は回動軸保持部10aと一体に形成することもできる。
把持部24は、金属製や合成樹脂製のパイプで逆U字状に形成し、一端側を胸当部23の係合孔23bに左右方向の回動角を固定できるように挿通した。これにより、把持部24を必要に応じて水平面内で回動させることができ、把持部24を胸当部23の側方や前方位置などの握り易い位置に移動させて使用することができる。尚、把持部24の端部に滑り止めとしてゴム製のグリップを取り付けることにより、胸当部23に胸を押し当てた利用者は、把持部24の端部を確実に把持することができ、楽な姿勢を保持することができる。
脚部保護部25の形状は本実施の形態に限定されるものではなく、台部2の前方や側方に面状、柵状、格子状などのフレームを立設して利用者の周りを囲むようにしてもよい。
図5は実施の形態1の移乗・移動装置を用いて便座から移乗する前の状態を示す模式側面図であり、図6は実施の形態1の移乗・移動装置を用いて便座から移乗した後の状態を示す模式側面図である。
図5及び図6中、30は移乗対象となる便座30aを備えた洋式の便器、Xは利用者である。
図5において、利用者Xは、便座30aに座った状態で、把持部24を両手で把持し、移乗・移動装置1の着座部22の後端が、便座30aと接触する程度まで移乗・移動装置1を引き寄せ、最適な位置に位置決めし、両足を台部2の上面2aに乗せる。このとき、必要に応じて把持部24を手前(台部2の後方側)に回動させることにより、確実に把持部24を把持することができる。
尚、予め駆動機構部10のリンク駆動部20を伸ばして、着座部22の高さを利用者Xが座っている便座30a等の高さと同じ程度の位置まで下降させおくことにより、便座30aから着座部22への移乗を容易に行うことができる。また、キャスター付き補助フレーム4を台部2の後方へ移動させることにより、利用者Xが移乗する際の安定性に優れる。尚、キャスター付き補助フレーム4の連結軸4a,4bは、第2連結回動軸12とギアやベルト等のリンク機構を介してリンクしており、駆動機構部10の第2連結回動軸12の回転に合わせて前後動する。
次に、図6に示すように、胸当部23を利用者Xの胸部に引き付けるように把持部24を把持しつつ、臀部を前方へ移動させ着座部22へ着座して、両足を前方へ移動させることにより、座位姿勢での乗車が完了する。
尚、本実施の形態では、便器30の便座30aから移乗・移動装置1に移乗する場合について説明したが、移乗対象がベッドや車椅子その他の場合でも使用方法は同じである。また、移乗・移動装置1から移乗対象であるベッドや便座30a等に移乗する場合は、上述した手順とほぼ逆の順序で動作を行えば良い。
図7は実施の形態1の移乗・移動装置で座位姿勢から立位姿勢に移行した状態を示す模式側面図である。
図6の状態から、利用者Xが操作レバー(図示せず)等を操作して駆動機構部10を駆動すると、図7に示すように、着座部22や胸当部23が前方に回動しながら上昇し、利用者Xを立位姿勢へと移行させる。このとき、台部2上の重量バランスを保つためにキャスター付き補助フレーム4は、前述のリンク機構により、第2連結回動軸12の回転に伴って台部2の前方へと移動する。
尚、着座部22の高さは、利用者Xの体重を着座部22,胸当部23,脚部保護部25で分散して支持できるように、膝が緩やかに曲がる程度に調整することが好ましい。また、脚部保護部25は利用者Xの膝下付近が膝当接部25aに当接して保持されるように、ラチェット機構や螺子止めなどで角度を調節することが好ましい。
利用者Xが移乗・移動装置1のブレーキを解除し、アクセルバー等を操作することにより、移動が可能となる。
図8は実施の形態1の移乗・移動装置の前傾姿勢を示す模式側面図である。
図8において、ラチェット機構や螺子止めなどを用いて支柱21を第3連結回動軸13の周りに回動、固定し着座部22及び胸当部23を前傾させることにより、利用者Xの体重を胸当部23に預けることができ、特に、脊椎に損傷のある利用者Xの負担を大幅に軽減することができ、楽な姿勢で長時間乗車することができ、使用性、汎用性に優れる。尚、回動軸保持部10aと着座部22の底部との間にリンク機構やピストンシリンダなどを配設して着座部22の角度調整や固定を行うようにしてもよい。
(1)着座部に背もたれがなく、台部の後方又は側方から乗り降りすることができ、移乗に際し、着座部を分解したり、変形させたりする必要がなく、特に利用者が足腰などの弱った被介護者の場合はベッドや便座などに着座した状態から体の向きを変えずにそのまま台部後方より容易に着座部を跨ぐようにして着座することができ、介護者の手を借りることなく一人で移乗することが可能で、台部で被介護者(利用者)の体重を支持することができ、転倒などが発生し難く、介護者及び被介護者(利用者)の負担を大幅に軽減することができ、省力性、使用性に優れる。
(2)着座部の前端側に立設され利用者の胸部に当接する胸当部を有するので、前傾姿勢で胸当部に抱きつくようにして体重を預けることにより、着座部及び胸当部で体重を分散して利用者の体を確実に支持することができ、背もたれがなくても安定した姿勢で、長時間の座位姿勢或いは立位姿勢を維持することや移動を行うことが可能で、利用者の背中や腰などへの負担を軽減でき、安全性、使用性に優れる。
(3)利用者の胸に胸当部を当接させることで、脊椎が頸椎で前彎、胸椎で後彎、腰椎で前彎したS字状のカーブを描き、かつ骨盤がやや前傾した正常な立位姿勢に近い姿勢を取ることができ、坐骨結節に体重が均等に分散した理想的な座位姿勢を保持して、利用者の負担を軽減でき、長時間の連続使用性に優れる。
(4)着座部及び胸当部を台部の前後方向と直交する水平軸周りに回動させる駆動機構部を有することにより、ベッドや便座等の移乗対象物の高さや利用者の体格や姿勢などに応じて、着座部や胸当部の位置を前後方向や上下方向に移動させて調整することができ、移乗対象物と着座部を接近させることができるため、一人で簡便に移乗動作を行うことができ、移乗対象物の下部に台部の挿入スペースがない場合でも利用可能で、汎用性に優れる。
(5)駆動機構部により、着座部や胸当部を前後方向へ回動させることができるので、着座部や胸当部を後傾させながら下降させて利用者が安全かつ簡便に乗り降りできると共に、着座部や胸当部を前傾させながら上昇させることにより、利用者を所望の姿勢(角度)に保持したり、所望の高さに持ち上げたりすることができ、利用者の楽な姿勢で移動を行うことができ、使用性に優れる。
(6)背もたれがなく、利用者の背面(着座部の後方)が開放された背面開放型であるため、利用者が脊椎や腰椎など背中や腰に損傷がある患者の場合には、そのまま背面(背中)からの診察を容易に行うことができ、ベッドなどへの移動が不要で、利用者の負担を軽減できると共に、診察に要する時間を短縮することができ、診察の作業性に優れる。
(7)台部が走行部を有するので、老人や肢体不自由者等に限らず、健常者の子供から大人まで幅広い利用者が、自転車、オートバイ、車椅子などの代わりに手軽に使用して屋内、屋外での移動を行うことができる。
(8)駆動機構部で着座部を上昇させて立位に近い姿勢で移動(走行)することができるため、従来の車椅子に比べて利用者が広い視界を確保することができ、他人からの視認性も高く、衝突などの事故を回避することができ、安全性に優れると共に、血流の悪化を防ぐことができ、車椅子の代わりに利用して長距離の移動を行うことができ、使用性に優れる。
(9)駆動機構部により、着座部や胸当部を上昇させたり、胸当部を前傾させたりすることができるため、従来の車椅子では届かなかった場所にも手が届き、高所への物の出し入れやドアの開閉、洗面や料理等も簡便に行うことが可能で、作業範囲を広げることができ、機能性に優れる。
(10)駆動機構で着座部を昇降させることにより、利用者の股関節、膝関節、足関節等を運動させることができ、一人でも屈伸運動による下半身の関節可動域の拡大や筋力増強、血流の改善等のリハビリテーションを行うことが可能で、下半身の運動機能の低下や浮腫等を防止することができ、機能性、省力性に優れる。
(11)駆動機構部が、台部に配設された前後2箇所の第1,第2連結回動軸と、着座部の下部に配設された前後2箇所の第3,第4連結回動軸を有し、第1連結回動軸と第3連結回動軸及び第2連結回動軸と第4連結回動軸が、それぞれ1以上のリンク軸を有する前方リンク部及び後方リンク部で連結されているので、両端部が前方リンク部及び後方リンク部に回動自在に連結されたリンク駆動部を伸縮させることにより、第1,第2連結回動軸間及び第3,第4連結回動軸間の距離を一定に保ったまま、前方リンク部及び後方リンク部と台部上面とのなす角が変化し、第3,第4連結回動軸の上方に配置された着座部を前後方向へ回動させながら上下動させることができ、直動式の油圧又はガス圧シリンダ等により着座部を直接、上下動させるよりも小さなストロークで、広範な高さ調整を行うことが可能で、駆動機構部の小型化、軽量化を図ることができる。
(12)着座部が、前方リンク部及び後方リンク部により、前後2箇所で支持されるため、利用者の体重を確実に支持することができ、移動時の振動の発生を低減して、姿勢の安定化に優れる。
(13)着座部及び胸当部が、第3連結回動軸に立設された支柱に摺動自在に配設されているので、利用者の体格などに応じて、着座部や胸当部の位置を上下動させ、着座部や胸当部の可動範囲を広げることができ、汎用性に優れる。
(14)胸当部の少なくとも一側部に水平面内で回動自在に配設された把持部を有することにより、被介助者が自分の手で把持部を把持して移乗・移動装置を身体に近づけたり、身体から遠ざけたりして簡便に位置を調整することができ、使用性に優れる。
(15)着座部や胸当部を移動させる際に、被介助者が把持部を把持して確実に身体を保持することができ、安全性に優れる。
(16)把持部が水平面内で回動自在なので、乗車後に把持部を前方へ回動させることで、把持部が利用者の姿勢を妨げることがなく、前傾時に胸当部で確実に利用者の体重を支持することができ、支持の安定性、確実性に優れる。
(17)把持部を回動させるだけで、移乗時と移動時の2つの動作に対応した最適な位置に移動させることができ、汎用性に優れ、部品点数が少なく、量産性に優れる。
(18)台部の前方に配設され、利用者の脚部の少なくとも一部を保持する脚部保護部を有するので、胸当部や着座部に加え、脚部保護部でも利用者の体重を分散して支持することができ、特に立位姿勢に近い状態でも利用者の姿勢を安定して維持することができ、使用性に優れる。
(19)台部の前方に配設される脚部保護部により、膝や脹ら脛等の前面や両側面を保護することができ、安全性に優れる。
(20)台部の両側部に台部の長手方向と平行に前後動自在に配設されたキャスター付き補助フレームを有するので、利用者の姿勢(重心位置)に応じて、補助フレームを前後動させることにより、台部が転倒しないようにバランスを保つことができ、安全性に優れる。
(21)非使用時には、台部とキャスター付き補助フレームが重なるようにキャスター付き補助フレームを移動させ、全長を短くしてコンパクトに収納することができ、搬送性、省スペース性に優れる。
図9は、実施の形態2における移乗・移動装置の着座部を下降させた状態を示す模式側面図である。
図9中、実施の形態2における移乗・移動装置1Aが実施の形態1と異なるのは、着座部22及び胸当部23を回動及び上下動させる4節リンク機構を用いた駆動機構部10の代わりに、着座部22及び胸当部23を上下動させる油圧シリンダやガス圧シリンダ等のピストンシリンダ20Aを用いた駆動機構部10Aを使用している点と、着座部22の下部に回動軸保持部10bが一体に形設されている点と、支柱21が連結回動軸13aを介して回動軸保持部10bに回動自在に保持されている点である。
本実施の形態では、駆動機構部10Aにピストンシリンダ20Aを用いたが、これに限定されるものではなく、ラックとピニオンを組合せたもの、レージートング等のリンク機構、ボール螺子等の昇降手段を用いてもよい。また、着座部22や胸当部23の傾動、固定はラチェット機構や螺子止め等により手動で行うようにしてもよい。
尚、実施の形態2の移乗・移動装置1Aの使用方法は、実施の形態1の移乗・移動装置1と同様なので、説明を省略する。
(1)着座部及び胸当部を台部の上下方向に移動させる駆動機構部を有することにより、ベッドや便座等の移乗対象物の高さや利用者の体格や姿勢などに応じて、着座部や胸当部の位置を自在に調整することができ、移乗対象物と着座部を接近させることができるため、一人で簡便に移乗動作を行うことができ、移乗対象物の下部に台部の挿入スペースがない場合でも利用可能で、汎用性に優れる。
(2)駆動機構部により、着座部及び胸当部を上下動させることができるので、着座部及び胸当部を下降させて利用者を移乗させた後、着座部や胸当部を上昇させることにより、所望の高さに持ち上げることができ、利用者の楽な姿勢で移動を行うことができ、使用性に優れる。
(3)駆動機構部により、着座部及び胸当部を上昇させることができるため、従来の車椅子では届かなかった場所にも手が届き、高所への物の出し入れやドアの開閉、洗面や料理等も簡便に行うことが可能で、作業範囲を広げることができ、機能性に優れる。
(4)ピストンシリンダのみで簡便かつ確実に着座部を上下動させることができ、ベッドや便座等の移乗対象に対する着座部の高さ調整が容易で使用性に優れる。
(5)着座部がピストンシリンダで上下動のみを行うので、重心位置が前後に大きく変化することがなく、キャスター付き補助フレームによるバランス調整が不要で、使用性に優れる。
(6)ピストンシリンダを用いることにより、部品点数を低減し、駆動機構部の構成を簡素化して、小型化、軽量化を図ることができ、量産性、メンテナンス性に優れる。
(7)胸当部を前傾させることにより、利用者の体重を胸当部に預けることができ、特に、脊椎に損傷のある利用者の負担を大幅に軽減することができ、楽な姿勢で長時間乗車することができ、使用性、汎用性に優れる。
図10は実施の形態3の移乗・移動装置の着座部を下降させた状態を示す模式平面図であり、図11は実施の形態3の移乗・移動装置に立位姿勢で乗車した状態を示す模式側面図であり、図12は実施の形態3の移乗・移動装置を用いて便座に移乗する前の状態を示す模式側面図である。
図10乃至図12において、実施の形態3における移乗・移動装置1Bが実施の形態1と異なるのは、走行部3の駆動輪3aが小さく形成されている点と、台部2の上面2aの上に前後方向に摺動自在に配設された足載せ部2dを備えている点と、着座部22の後端部に回動自在に保持された腰当部22cを備えている点である。
また、図10において、腰当部22cの下端部が着座部22の後端部に回動自在に保持されている。腰当部22cが台部2の前後方向と直交する水平軸周りに回動できることにより、腰当部22cを着座部22に対して所望の角度に回動させることができる。
次に、便座30aなどの移乗対象との間で移乗を行う場合は、図12に示すように、着座部22を後方や下方に移動させると共に、足載せ部2dを後方に移動させることにより、利用者xがバランスを崩すことなく、体全体をスムーズに移動させることができる。さらに、腰当部22cを水平方向(後方)に倒すことにより、腰当部22cが邪魔になることがなく、スムーズに移乗動作を行うことができ、使用性に優れる。特に、図12に示すように、着座部22と移乗対象の便座30aを十分に接近させることができない場合に、腰当部22cを後方に倒すことにより、その隙間を解消して着座部22と便座30aとの間でスムーズに移乗作業を行うことができ、使用性、汎用性に優れる。また、着座部22と移乗対象を同じ高さに合わせることができず、段差が生じる場合も、腰当部22cによってその段差を解消することができる。
尚、着座姿勢で移動(走行)を行う場合にも、腰当部22cを立てることにより、発進時や加速時などに利用者xを安全に支持することができ、信頼性に優れる。
(1)着座部の後端側に回動自在に保持された腰当部を有するので、着座部への乗り降り(移乗)を行う際には腰当部を水平方向に倒すことにより、腰当部が邪魔になることがなく、着座部に着座して移動を行う際には腰当部を垂直方向に立てることにより、利用者の臀部や腰部を支え、発進時や加速時などに着座部から落下することを確実に防止でき、使用性、安全性に優れる。
(2)着座部を後方や下方に移動させ、ベッドと便座等の移乗対象との間で移乗する際に、着座部と移乗対象を十分に接近させることができず、隙間が生じる場合や着座部と移乗対象を同じ高さに合わせることができず、段差が生じる場合などに、腰当部を後方に倒すことにより、その隙間や段差を解消することができ、着座部と移乗対象との間でスムーズに移乗作業を行うことができ、使用性、汎用性に優れる。
(3)台部に前後方向に摺動自在に配設された足載せ部を有することにより、着座部を前後動させる際に、利用者が足載せ部に足を載置したまま体全体を前後動させることができるので、足を浮かせたり、利用者自身が足を前後に動かしたりする必要がなく、重心の安定性、使用性に優れる。
(4)着座部を後方に移動させ、ベッドや便座等の移乗対象との間で移乗する際に、足載せ部を移乗対象に近づけることができるので、スムーズに体重を移動させて移乗動作を行うことができ、使用性に優れる。
2 台部
2a 上面
2b ガイド孔
2c 回動軸保持板
2d 足載せ部
3 走行部
3a 駆動輪
3b 後輪
4 キャスター付き補助フレーム
4a,4b 連結軸
5 キャスター
10,10A 駆動機構部
10a,10b 回動軸保持部
11 第1連結回動軸
11a 屈曲部
12 第2連結回動軸
13 第3連結回動軸
13a 連結回動軸
14 第4連結回動軸
15 前方リンク部
15a,15b,16a,16b リンク軸
16 後方リンク部
17 前方連結軸
18 後方連結軸
20 リンク駆動部
20A ピストンシリンダ
21 支柱
22 着座部
22a 挿通部
22b 固定操作部
22c 腰当部
23 胸当部
23a 挿通孔
23b 係合孔
24 把持部
25 脚部保護部
25a 膝当接部
30 便器
30a 便座
X 利用者
Claims (8)
- 走行部を有する台部と、前記台部上に配設され利用者が後方又は側方から着座する着座部と、前記着座部の前端側に立設され前記利用者の胸部に当接する胸当部と、を有し、前記着座部又は前記胸当部の少なくともいずれか一方が、前記台部に対し前後方向若しくは上下方向に移動自在に保持されていることを特徴とする移乗・移動装置。
- 前記着座部を前記台部の後方低位置と前記台部の前方高位置との間で移動させて前記着座部の前後動及び上下動を行う駆動機構部を備えたことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の移乗・移動装置。
- 前記着座部又は前記胸当部を前記台部の前後方向と直交する水平軸周りに回動させて前記着座部又は前記胸当部の前後動及び上下動を行う駆動機構部を備えたことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の移乗・移動装置。
- 前記駆動機構部が、前記台部に配設された前後2箇所の第1,第2連結回動軸と、前記着座部の下部に配設された前後2箇所の第3,第4連結回動軸と、前記第1連結回動軸と前記第3連結回動軸を連結する1以上のリンク軸を有する前方リンク部と、前記第2連結回動軸と前記第4連結回動軸を連結する1以上のリンク軸を有する後方リンク部と、両端部がそれぞれ前記前方リンク部及び前記後方リンク部に回動自在に連結されて伸縮するリンク駆動部と、を備えたことを特徴とする請求項3に記載の移乗・移動装置。
- 前記着座部又は前記胸当部の少なくともいずれか一方が、前記第3連結回動軸又は前記第3連結回動軸と前記第4連結回動軸を回動自在に保持する回動軸保持部のいずれかに立設された支柱に摺動自在に配設されたことを特徴とする請求項4に記載の移乗・移動装置。
- 前記台部の前方又は側方に配設され前記利用者の脚部の少なくとも一部を保護する脚部保護部を備えたことを特徴とする請求項1乃至5の内いずれか1項に記載の移乗・移動装置。
- 前記着座部の後端側に回動自在に保持された腰当部を備えたことを特徴とする請求項1乃至6の内いずれか1項に記載の移乗・移動装置。
- 前記台部に前後方向に摺動自在に配設された足載せ部を備えたことを特徴とする請求項1乃至7の内いずれか1項に記載の移乗・移動装置。
Priority Applications (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP10783343.6A EP2438894B1 (en) | 2009-06-01 | 2010-05-31 | Transfer and mobility device |
SG2011097599A SG177452A1 (en) | 2009-06-01 | 2010-05-31 | Transfer and locomotion apparatus |
ES10783343.6T ES2627481T3 (es) | 2009-06-01 | 2010-05-31 | Aparato de transferencia y desplazamiento |
JP2011518436A JP5563570B2 (ja) | 2009-06-01 | 2010-05-31 | 移乗・移動装置 |
DK10783343.6T DK2438894T3 (en) | 2009-06-01 | 2010-05-31 | TRANSFER AND MOBILITY DEVICE |
CN201080029485.7A CN102802583B (zh) | 2009-06-01 | 2010-05-31 | 换乘/移动装置 |
US13/375,432 US8955871B2 (en) | 2009-06-01 | 2010-05-31 | Transfer and locomotion apparatus |
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EP (1) | EP2438894B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5563570B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN102802583B (ja) |
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CN116584901A (zh) * | 2023-07-17 | 2023-08-15 | 广州中医药大学深圳医院(福田) | 一种腿部神经传导检测装置及应用方法 |
CN116584901B (zh) * | 2023-07-17 | 2023-09-26 | 广州中医药大学深圳医院(福田) | 一种腿部神经传导检测装置及应用方法 |
JP7550503B1 (ja) | 2024-06-04 | 2024-09-13 | 株式会社アイザック | 移乗移動機 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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ES2627481T3 (es) | 2017-07-28 |
US8955871B2 (en) | 2015-02-17 |
DK2438894T3 (en) | 2017-05-08 |
CN102802583A (zh) | 2012-11-28 |
SG177452A1 (en) | 2012-02-28 |
EP2438894A1 (en) | 2012-04-11 |
EP2438894B1 (en) | 2017-04-05 |
JP5563570B2 (ja) | 2014-07-30 |
US20120133113A1 (en) | 2012-05-31 |
CN102802583B (zh) | 2016-03-30 |
JPWO2010140560A1 (ja) | 2012-11-22 |
EP2438894A4 (en) | 2014-11-05 |
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