WO2010132867A1 - Vaccine immunotherapy - Google Patents

Vaccine immunotherapy Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010132867A1
WO2010132867A1 PCT/US2010/035060 US2010035060W WO2010132867A1 WO 2010132867 A1 WO2010132867 A1 WO 2010132867A1 US 2010035060 W US2010035060 W US 2010035060W WO 2010132867 A1 WO2010132867 A1 WO 2010132867A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
irx
cells
antigen
adjuvant
composition
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Ceased
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PCT/US2010/035060
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
John W. Hadden
Kathy Signorelli
James Egan
Paul Naylor
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IRX Therapeutics Inc
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IRX Therapeutics Inc
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Priority to US13/320,584 priority Critical patent/US9539320B2/en
Priority to AU2010248761A priority patent/AU2010248761B2/en
Priority to CA2799081A priority patent/CA2799081C/en
Priority to JP2012511064A priority patent/JP5797190B2/ja
Priority to MX2011012147A priority patent/MX2011012147A/es
Priority to ES10775661.1T priority patent/ES2679043T3/es
Application filed by IRX Therapeutics Inc filed Critical IRX Therapeutics Inc
Priority to EP10775661.1A priority patent/EP2429585B1/en
Priority to DK10775661.1T priority patent/DK2429585T3/en
Publication of WO2010132867A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010132867A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Priority to US13/771,622 priority patent/US9566331B2/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
    • A61K39/39—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies characterised by the immunostimulating additives, e.g. chemical adjuvants
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61K38/164—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from bacteria
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    • A61K38/17—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
    • A61K38/177—Receptors; Cell surface antigens; Cell surface determinants
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    • A61K38/17—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
    • A61K38/19—Cytokines; Lymphokines; Interferons
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    • A61K39/39533—Antibodies; Immunoglobulins; Immune serum, e.g. antilymphocytic serum against materials from animals
    • A61K39/39558—Antibodies; Immunoglobulins; Immune serum, e.g. antilymphocytic serum against materials from animals against tumor tissues, cells, antigens
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    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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    • A61K40/40—Cellular immunotherapy characterised by antigens that are targeted or presented by cells of the immune system
    • A61K40/41—Vertebrate antigens
    • A61K40/42—Cancer antigens
    • A61K40/428—Undefined tumor antigens, e.g. tumor lysate or antigens targeted by cells isolated from tumor
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    • A61K45/06—Mixtures of active ingredients without chemical characterisation, e.g. antiphlogistics and cardiaca
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    • A61K2039/555—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies characterised by a specific combination antigen/adjuvant
    • A61K2039/55511—Organic adjuvants
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Definitions

  • the present invention provides for a composition for treating cancer, including synergistic amounts of a primary cell-derived biologic having the cytokines IL- 1 , IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, TNF- ⁇ , and IFN- ⁇ , and a vaccine having at least one antigen.
  • the present invention provides for a composition for enhancing an immune response in a patient, including synergistic amounts of a primary cell-derived biologic having the cytokines IL-1 , IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, TNF- ⁇ , and IFN- ⁇ , in combination with at least one adjuvant.
  • Figure 3A is a bar graph comparing B cell area and Figure 3B is a bar graph comparing follicles in the three treatment groups;
  • Figure 6 is a graph illustrating the survival percentage of treated patients at forty-eight months
  • Figure 14 contains histograms showing down-regulation of CD1 a antigen and up-regulation of MHCII, CD86, CD40, and CD54 (ICAM-1 ) antigen expression by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) incubated with IRX-2 (IRX-2). These changes indicate that IRX-2 stimulates the maturation of DCs.
  • Figure 19A contains two bar graphs depicting the increase in percentage of monocytes/macrophages staining positive for the combination of activation markers
  • FIG. 29C depicts the serum antibody response to the PSMA peptides in mice immunized with the KLH-PSMA conjugate in combination with IRX-2
  • Figure 37 is a graph of serum antibody response of IRX-2 versus other adjuvants
  • Figure 38A is a graph of the number IFN- ⁇ producing T cells in response to peptide antigen
  • Figure 38B is a graph comparing the number of IFN- ⁇ producing cells versus the total production of IFN- ⁇ in response to peptide antigen
  • IRX-2 also known as “citoplurikin” is a leukocyte-derived, natural primary cell-derived biologic produced by purified human white blood cells (mononuclear cells) stimulated by phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and ciprofloxacin (CIPRO).
  • PHA phytohemagglutinin
  • CIPRO ciprofloxacin
  • IL-1 ⁇ interleukin 1 ⁇
  • IL-2 interleukin 2
  • IL-6 interleukin 6
  • IL-8 interleukin 8
  • TNF- ⁇ tumor necrosis factor ⁇
  • IFN- ⁇ ⁇ -interferon
  • the IRX-2 used in the present invention includes these six critical cytokines.
  • IRX-2 has also previously been referred to as an "NCM", a natural cytokine mixture, defined and set forth in United States Patent Nos. 6,977,072 and 7,153,499.
  • NCM a natural cytokine mixture
  • the terms IRX-2, primary cell-derived biologic, and NCM are used interchangeably herein.
  • IRX-2 is prepared in the continuous presence of a A- aminoquinolone antibiotic and with the continuous or pulsed presence of a mitogen, which in the preferred embodiment is PHA. Other mitogens, however, can also be used.
  • the chemical inhibitor is an anti-neoplastic agent, including but not limited to alkylating agents, antimetabolites and antibiotics.
  • the chemical inhibitor can also be an immunomodulating agent such as thalidomide.
  • the chemical inhibitor can also be in a salt or other complex form.
  • the chemical inhibitor is the alkylating agent cyclophosphamide (CY).
  • CY alkylating agent cyclophosphamide
  • the NSAID is preferably indomethacin (INDO), which is both a Coxl and Coxll inhibitor.
  • the NSAID can also be ibuprofen or Coxll inhibitors such as celecoxib and rofecoxib, or combinations thereof.
  • the four components used together i.e.
  • cytotoxic T cell tolerizing peptide In contrast, loading of minimal MHC class I binding peptides directly onto DC can convert a cytotoxic T cell tolerizing peptide into a peptide that triggers the expansion of a tumor-protective cytotoxic T cell response.
  • antigens discussed herein are referred to as being in a "cancer vaccine", it should be understood that the antigens can also be used individually or in combination without being in a traditional “vaccine” in the same manner described herein, such as in Examples 11 and 12.
  • MF59 Novartis; 4-5% w/v squalene, 0.5% w/v Tween 80, 0.5% Span 85, optionally: varying amounts of muramul tripeptide phosphatidyl-ethanolamine (MTP- PE)
  • MTP- PE muramul tripeptide phosphatidyl-ethanolamine
  • Provax Biogen pie; squalene plus pluronic L121
  • Montanide Steppic SA; Bioven; Cancervax; mannide oleate and mineral oil
  • TiterMax (CytRx; squalene plus CRL-8941 ) is a water in oil emulsion.
  • the cytokines of the primary cell-derived biologic protect the activated T cells from apoptosis in a synergistic manner.
  • the combination of the cytokines in the primary cell-derived biologic produces a greater affect than is seen by administering individual cytokines alone.
  • the compositions and methods of the present invention stimulate the immune system via multiple effects, including the in vivo maturation of dendritic cells resulting in effective peptide antigen presentation as well as activation of monocytes and macrophages and the production of na ⁇ ve uncommitted T cells.
  • the proper presentation of antigen leads to T and B cell clonal expansion, creating immunity in the patient.
  • the cytokine compositions of the present invention are administered and dosed to promote optimal immunization either to exogenous or endogenous antigen, taking into account the clinical condition of the individual patient, the site and method of administration, scheduling of administration, patient age, sex, and body weight.
  • the pharmaceutically "effective amount" for purposes herein is thus determined by such considerations as are known in the art. The amount must be effective to promote immunization, leading to, e.g., tumor reduction, tumor fragmentation and leukocyte infiltration, delayed recurrence or improved survival rate, or improvement or elimination of symptoms, including increased T cell counts.
  • Sterile injectable solutions can be prepared by incorporating the cytokines or exogenous antigens utilized in practicing the present invention in the required amount of the appropriate solvent with several of the other ingredients, as desired.
  • a pharmacological formulation of the present invention can be administered to the patient in an injectable formulation containing any compatible carrier, such as various vehicles, additives, and diluents; or the cytokines and/or exogenous antigens utilized in the present invention can be administered parenterally to the patient in the form of slow-release subcutaneous implants or targeted delivery systems such as monoclonal antibodies, vectored delivery, iontophoretic, polymer matrices, liposomes, and microspheres.
  • IRX-2 also was shown to down- regulate CD1 a antigen expression on the DC cell surface, to upregulate CD83 and MHC Il antigen expression on the DC cell surface, and to increase the expression of T cell co- stimulatory and adhesion molecules, e.g., CD86, CD40, and CD54 (ICAM-1 ), on the DC cell surface.
  • T cell co- stimulatory and adhesion molecules e.g., CD86, CD40, and CD54 (ICAM-1 ), on the DC cell surface.
  • IRX-2 increased the percentage of DCs producing IL-12 from 4.5% positive to 22.5% on average.
  • LPS a stimulator of IL-12 production in DCs, was used as a positive control and gave similar levels of induction relative to IRX-2 (27% ⁇ 1 1 ).
  • adherent PBMCs were stimulated in the absence or presence of IL-10 (5 ng/ml) with either IRX-2 (IRX-2) (at a 1 :3 final concentration) or LPS (10 ng/ml) and assayed for TNF- ⁇ production by intracellular staining and flow cytometry.
  • IRX-2 caused a greater increase in the production of TNF- ⁇ than LPS or controls.
  • the IRX-2 was still able to stimulate the monocytes to produce TNF- ⁇ , whereas LPS was no longer able to do so (p ⁇ .05).
  • the data shown in Figure 22 represent the mean value +/- SEM from five independent experiments/donors.
  • IRX-2-old groups were significantly greater than that seen from the alum-treated mice ( * p ⁇ 0.005, Student's t-test).
  • IRX-2 in combination with the OVA-PSMA peptide conjugate induced serum antibodies to both peptides, in contrast to alum and CpG.
  • the data in Figure 29B are for the ALF peptide with a p ⁇ 0.05 by ANOVA for IRX-2 vs. alum and CpG. Similar responses were measured for the LLH peptide (data not shown).
  • IRX-2 Synergizes with other adjuvants in peptide vaccines
  • IRX-2 in combination with a multi-adjuvant preparation (CpG, poly I:C, IFN-g in and oil emulsion) is superior to the adjuvant combination alone in creating antigen specific T cells.
  • the percentage of antigen- specific T cells after vaccination as shown in figure 44A was increased when IRX-2 was added to the vaccine.
  • the number of antigen-specific MHC molecules per T cell was increased when IRX-2 was added to the vaccine as shown in Figure 44B.
  • IRX-2 Enhances the expansion of antigen-specific memory T cells after vaccination with a viral-based vaccine

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PCT/US2010/035060 2009-05-15 2010-05-17 Vaccine immunotherapy Ceased WO2010132867A1 (en)

Priority Applications (9)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2010248761A AU2010248761B2 (en) 2009-05-15 2010-05-17 Vaccine immunotherapy
CA2799081A CA2799081C (en) 2009-05-15 2010-05-17 Compositions comprising primary cell-derived biologics for enhancing immune responses in patients
JP2012511064A JP5797190B2 (ja) 2009-05-15 2010-05-17 ワクチン免疫療法
MX2011012147A MX2011012147A (es) 2009-05-15 2010-05-17 Inmunoterapia de vacuna.
ES10775661.1T ES2679043T3 (es) 2009-05-15 2010-05-17 Inmunoterapia de vacuna
US13/320,584 US9539320B2 (en) 2009-05-15 2010-05-17 Vaccine immunotherapy
EP10775661.1A EP2429585B1 (en) 2009-05-15 2010-05-17 Vaccine immunotherapy
DK10775661.1T DK2429585T3 (en) 2009-05-15 2010-05-17 VACCINE IMMUNOTHERAPY
US13/771,622 US9566331B2 (en) 2009-05-15 2013-02-20 Vaccine immunotherapy

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