WO2010122957A1 - 押出加工方法及び押出加工装置 - Google Patents
押出加工方法及び押出加工装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010122957A1 WO2010122957A1 PCT/JP2010/056836 JP2010056836W WO2010122957A1 WO 2010122957 A1 WO2010122957 A1 WO 2010122957A1 JP 2010056836 W JP2010056836 W JP 2010056836W WO 2010122957 A1 WO2010122957 A1 WO 2010122957A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- discard
- extrusion
- thickness
- billet
- stem
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C35/00—Removing work or waste from extruding presses; Drawing-off extruded work; Cleaning dies, ducts, containers, or mandrels
- B21C35/04—Cutting-off or removing waste
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G5/00—Recording members for original recording by exposure, e.g. to light, to heat, to electrons; Manufacture thereof; Selection of materials therefor
- G03G5/10—Bases for charge-receiving or other layers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G5/00—Recording members for original recording by exposure, e.g. to light, to heat, to electrons; Manufacture thereof; Selection of materials therefor
- G03G5/10—Bases for charge-receiving or other layers
- G03G5/102—Bases for charge-receiving or other layers consisting of or comprising metals
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G2215/00—Apparatus for electrophotographic processes
- G03G2215/00953—Electrographic recording members
- G03G2215/00957—Compositions
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an extrusion method including a step of cutting a billet discard, an extrusion device used in the extrusion method, and a method for manufacturing a photosensitive drum substrate blank.
- aluminum is used to include both pure aluminum and an aluminum alloy unless otherwise specified.
- Upstream and downstream mean upstream and downstream in the extrusion direction, respectively.
- Extruded materials are widely used for photosensitive drum substrate blanks, OA equipment parts, building materials, exterior materials, and the like.
- quality requirements for the surface properties of extruded materials have become stricter.
- the quality requirements for the appearance and surface roughness of the extruded material are particularly severe.
- an air entrainment defect is cited.
- This air entrainment defect is not only a problem with the appearance and surface roughness of the extruded material, but also when the plastic processing such as drawing or bending is performed in the next process, the appearance of the plastic processed product There is a problem of worsening or increasing the surface roughness.
- the air entanglement defect is stretched in the drawing direction by the drawing process, and as a result, there is a problem that the range of the appearance defect and the surface roughness defect becomes large.
- a drawn material that has been drawn is used in a photosensitive drum base tube, a surface roughness defect is stretched in the axial direction of the raw tube, causing a problem that a long linear defect appears in a printed image.
- Patent Document 1 discloses that a recess is provided in the central portion of the upstream end face of an extrusion die (specifically, a port hole die) as an improvement on the shape of the extrusion die. Yes.
- the discard is also called a press residue, and is a billet remaining in the container after the extrusion process.
- the present inventors have found out that whether the state of the cut surface of the discard is good or bad is strongly influenced by the thickness of the discard. That is, as shown in FIG. 5 (a), when the discard 57 present on the upstream side of the upstream end surface 53a of the extrusion die 53 is thick, the discard 57 is removed as shown in FIGS. 5 (b) and 5 (c). In the middle of cutting the discard 57 along the upstream end surface 53 a of the extrusion die 53 with the shear blade 54 for cutting, the discard 57 is put together with a part 58 of the remaining extruded material remaining in the extrusion die 53. It falls off 53. Therefore, a cavity (recess) x is generated in the extrusion die 53.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-described technical background, and an object of the present invention is to provide an extrusion method for producing an extruded material having a good appearance and a small surface roughness, and an extrusion apparatus used in the extrusion method. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method of manufacturing a photosensitive drum base tube using the extrusion method.
- the present invention provides the following means.
- the extrusion method is an aluminum alloy extrusion method, 4.
- a stem that presses the billet disposed in the container; A shear blade for cutting out the billet discard, The stem is further configured to press the discard in the thickness direction so that the thickness decreases after or after the restraint of the outer peripheral surface of the discard by the container is released.
- An extrusion apparatus characterized by that.
- the present invention has the following effects.
- the discard is easily curled when the discard is cut by reducing the thickness of the discard. Thereafter, the discard is cut off so that the discard does not fall off together with a part of the remaining extruded material in the extrusion die, thereby preventing a cavity from being formed in the extrusion die.
- an appearance defect and a surface roughness defect do not occur in the extruded material, and thus an extruded material having a good appearance and a small surface roughness can be produced.
- FIG. 1A is a schematic cross-sectional view of a state in which a discard is present in a container in the extrusion method according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 1B is a constraint of the outer peripheral surface of the discard by the container. It is a schematic sectional drawing of the state which canceled.
- FIG. 2A is a schematic cross-sectional view of a state where the billet is pressed by a stem to reduce the thickness of the billet
- FIG. 2B is a schematic cross-sectional view of a state immediately before the discard is cut by a shear blade. It is.
- FIG. 3A is a schematic diagram of a state in the middle of cutting the discard with a shear blade
- FIG. 3A is a schematic diagram of a state in the middle of cutting the discard with a shear blade
- FIG. 3B is a schematic diagram of a state immediately before the cutting of the discard
- FIG. 3C is the discard. It is the schematic of the state at the time of completion
- FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a state in the middle of pressing the discard while releasing the restraint of the outer peripheral surface of the discard by the container.
- FIG. 5A is a schematic diagram of a state immediately before cutting the discard with a shear blade in a conventional extrusion method
- FIG. 5B is a schematic diagram of a state in the middle of cutting the discard
- FIG. FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a state at the end of cutting of the discard card.
- FIGS. 1 to 3 are views for explaining an extrusion method and an extrusion apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- 10 is an extrusion apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the extrusion processing apparatus 10 is a direct extrusion processing apparatus in detail, and manufactures a metal extruded material as the extruded material 8.
- the material of the extruded material 8 is a metal, and specifically, for example, aluminum.
- This extruded material 8 is a hollow extruded material (eg, pipe material) used for a photosensitive drum base tube, OA component, building material, exterior material, etc., and has a hollow portion extending continuously in the extrusion direction. It is.
- the extruded material 8 is an extruded tube having an annular cross section, and the extruded tube is drawn to obtain an element tube used for the photosensitive drum base.
- an OPC Organic-Photo-Conductor
- the extruded material 8 is referred to as an extruded tube.
- the extrusion processing apparatus 10 includes a container 1, a stem 2, an extrusion die 3, a shear blade 4, and the like.
- the container 1 is loaded with an aluminum billet 6 therein.
- the container 1 has a function of guiding and moving the billet 6 pressed by the stem 2 toward the extrusion die 3 and the outer peripheral surface of the billet 6 expands radially outward even when the billet 6 receives the pressing force from the stem 2. It has a function of restraining the outer peripheral surface of the billet 6 so as not to come out.
- the billet 6 (and the discard 7) is indicated by dot hatching so as to be easily distinguished from other members.
- the diameter and length of the billet 6 loaded in the container 1 are set according to the diameter, thickness and length of the extruded tube 8 and are not particularly limited. Is usually 155 to 205 mm, and its length is usually 300 to 790 mm.
- the stem 2 presses the billet 6 in the container 1.
- a driving device 5 such as a fluid pressure cylinder (for example, a hydraulic cylinder) that applies a pressing force to the stem 2 is connected to the proximal end portion of the stem 2.
- a dummy block 2 a is provided at the tip of the stem 2. The dummy block 2a is used to prevent the billet material from flowing backward when the billet 6 is pressed by the stem 2.
- the extrusion die 3 has a forming hole (not shown) which is a through hole for forming the billet 6 into a predetermined cross-sectional shape.
- the extrusion die 3 is used for manufacturing the extrusion tube 8 and is composed of a porthole die or the like.
- the upstream end surface 3 a of the extrusion die 3 is a cutting reference surface for cutting and removing (that is, cutting) the discard 7 composed of the billet 6 remaining in the container 1.
- the shear blade 4 cuts and removes the discard 7 along the upstream end surface 3 a (that is, the cutting reference surface) of the extrusion die 3.
- the shear blade 4 is disposed on the side with respect to the position of the upstream end surface 3 a of the extrusion die 3.
- the stem 2 is placed in the thickness direction (that is, the length direction of the billet 6) after the restraint of the outer peripheral surface of the discard 7 by the container 1 is released or released by the driving device 5.
- the thickness of the discard 7 is reduced by pressing it.
- the billet 6 With the aluminum billet 6 loaded in the container 1 of the extrusion processing apparatus 10, the billet 6 is pushed into the extrusion die 3 by pressing the billet 6 in the length direction by the stem 2, whereby the billet 6 is The extruded tube 8 is manufactured by molding into a predetermined cross-sectional shape.
- the outer peripheral surface of the billet 6 is constrained by the container 1 so as not to bulge radially outward even when the billet 6 receives a pressing force from the stem 2.
- the extrusion apparatus 10 is a direct extrusion apparatus as described above, the pressing direction of the billet 6 by the stem 2 is the extrusion direction.
- the pressing by the stem 2 is stopped.
- the billet 6 remaining in the container 1 at this time becomes a discard 7 to be excised, and the length of the remaining billet 6 is the thickness of the discard 7.
- the discard 7 contains a large amount of impurities.
- the thickness of the discard 7 at this time is not limited, but is particularly preferably in the range of 20 to 60 mm. When the thickness of the discard 7 is 20 mm or more (including 20 mm), the discard 7 can surely contain impurities. When the thickness of the discard 7 is 60 mm or less (including 60 mm), waste of the extruded material can be reduced as much as possible.
- the discard 7 is taken out from the container 1 to the outside of the container 1 through the downstream outlet of the container 1. Release the constraint on the outer peripheral surface. This process is called “discard restraint release process”.
- the discard 7 is integrated with the residual extruded material in the extrusion die 3 in a state protruding from the upstream end surface 3a of the extrusion die 3 to the upstream side.
- the discard 2 is pressed in the thickness direction (in the present embodiment, the extrusion direction) by the stem 2, thereby reducing the thickness of the discard 7 and making it thinner. That is, the discard 7 is plastically deformed so that its thickness decreases. As the thickness of the discard 7 decreases, the outer peripheral surface of the discard 7 bulges outward in the radial direction over the entire circumference, and the diameter of the discard 7 increases. This process is called “discard thickness reduction process”.
- the temperature of the discard 7 when pressing the discard 7 with the stem 2 is as follows: It is desirable to set the temperature within the range of 400 to 520 ° C. When the temperature of the discard 7 is 520 ° C. or lower (including 520 ° C.), adhesion between the stem 2 and the discard 7 can be reliably prevented. On the other hand, when the temperature of the discard 7 is too low, the thickness of the discard 7 does not decrease so much even if the discard 7 is pressed by the stem 2, and impurities contained in the discard 7 are contained in the extrusion die 3.
- the temperature of the discard 7 is preferably set within the range of 400 to 520 ° C.
- the temperature of the discard 7 when pressing the discard 7 with the stem 2 is within a range of 420 to 490 ° C. It is desirable to be set to.
- the discard 7 in the discard thinning process, it is desirable to reduce the discard 7 so that its thickness is in the range of 10 to 30 mm.
- the thickness of the discard 7 is 10 mm or more (including 10 mm)
- impurities contained in the discard 7 are added to the remaining extruded material in the extrusion die 3. It can be surely prevented from being pushed in.
- the discard 7 has a thickness of 30 mm or less (including 30 mm)
- the discard 7 is surely curled when the discard 7 is cut. As a result, the discard 7 remains in the extrusion die 3. It can be surely prevented from falling off with a part of the material.
- the stem 2 is retracted to stop pressing the discard 7 with the stem 2, and the shear blade 4 is moved from the side toward the upstream end surface 3 a of the extrusion die 3. Move forward.
- the shear blade 4 is advanced along the upstream end surface 3a of the extrusion die 3, so that the discard 7 is moved by the shear blade 4 to the upstream end surface 3a of the extrusion die 3. And cut along (i.e., excise).
- the discard 7 is easily curled. Therefore, as the cutting of the discard 7 by the shear blade 4 progresses, the discard 7 curls toward the upstream side. Thereby, even if the discard 7 is cut, the discard 7 does not fall off together with a part of the remaining extruded material in the extrusion die 3. Accordingly, the discard 7 is cut so that the cut surface of the remaining extruded material in the extrusion die 3 becomes flat. This process is called “discard cutting process”. In FIGS. 3A to 3C, the container 1 and the stem 2 are not shown.
- a new billet 6a (see FIG. 2B) is loaded into the container 1 and the container 1 is returned to the initial position. Thereafter, the stem 2 is advanced to press the new billet 6a in the length direction (that is, the extrusion direction), thereby pressing the new billet 6a against the remaining extruded material in the extrusion die 3 to be pressure-bonded. This process is called “new billet push-in process”. Then, the extrusion process is resumed. This process is referred to as an “extrusion restart process”.
- the discard 7 is easily curled when the discard 7 is cut since the thickness of the discard 7 is already reduced and thinned in the discard cutting process. Therefore, the discard 7 can be cut so that the cut surface of the remaining extruded material in the extrusion die 3 becomes flat. As a result, even if the new billet 6a is pushed over, there is no appearance defect or surface roughness defect in the resulting extruded tube 8. Therefore, it is possible to obtain the extruded tube 8 having a good appearance and a small surface roughness.
- the extruded tube 8 thus obtained is drawn by a known drawing device (not shown) to obtain a photosensitive drum substrate blank. This process is called “drawing process”. Since this raw tube is obtained by drawing the extruded tube 8 having a small surface roughness, the surface roughness is still small. Furthermore, since the surface roughness defect in the axial direction of the raw tube is not stretched, a long linear defect does not appear in the printed image, and a good printed image can be obtained. Therefore, this tube is preferably used for a photosensitive drum substrate.
- the area of the pressing surface 2b to the billet 6 of the stem 2 is set to be smaller than the projected area in the extrusion direction of the discard 7 after the discard thinning process.
- the shape of the pressing surface 2b of the stem 2 is circular.
- the radius of the pressing surface 2b is set smaller than the minimum radius in the projection direction projection shape of the discard 7 after the discard thinning process. By doing so, the discard 7 can be curled reliably.
- a “lubricant attaching step” for attaching the lubricant to at least a part of the pressing surface 2b of the stem 2 may be provided before the discard thickness reducing step.
- a lubricant adhesion step adhesion between the stem 2 and the discard 7 in the discard thickness reducing step can be reliably prevented.
- a lubricant containing graphite or a lubricant containing boron nitride (BN) is preferably used as the lubricant.
- application or spray adhesion may be inexpensive.
- a method of cooling the stem 2 and lowering its temperature can be used. If the cooling of the stem 2 and the lubricant adhesion step are used in combination, the adhesion between the stem 2 and the discard 7 can be more reliably prevented.
- the discard 7 in the discard thickness reducing step, after releasing the restraint of the outer peripheral surface of the discard 7 by the container 1, the discard 7 is pressed by the stem 2 in its thickness direction, The thickness of the discard 7 is reduced.
- the disc 7 is pressed by the stem 2 in the thickness direction while releasing the restraint of the outer peripheral surface of the discard 7 by the container 1.
- the thickness of the card 7 may be reduced.
- the discard 2 is pressed by the stem 2 in the thickness direction while releasing the restraint of the outer peripheral surface of the discard 7 by moving the stem 2 forward while retracting the container 1.
- the extrusion die 3 is for manufacturing the extrusion tube 8
- the extrusion die 3 is for manufacturing a solid extruded material
- examples of the extrusion die 3 for producing a solid extruded material include a flat die and a flat die having a push plate attached thereto.
- the extrusion apparatus 10 is a direct extrusion apparatus.
- the extrusion apparatus may be an indirect extrusion apparatus.
- the photosensitive drum base material tube is obtained by drawing the extruded tube 8.
- the photosensitive drum base material is also cut by cutting the outer peripheral surface of the extruded tube 8. You may get a tube. In this case, since the surface roughness of the extruded tube 8 is small, the machining allowance for cutting is small, and the material yield is good.
- the term present invention or inventory should not be construed inappropriately as identifying criticality, nor should it be construed as inappropriately applied across all aspects or all embodiments ( That is, it should be understood that the present invention has numerous aspects and embodiments) and should not be construed inappropriately to limit the scope of the present application or the claims.
- the term “embodiment” is also used to describe any aspect, feature, process or step, any combination thereof, and / or any part thereof. It is done. In some examples, various embodiments may include overlapping features.
- the abbreviations “e.g.,” and “NB” may be used, meaning “for example” and “careful” respectively.
- the present invention can be used in an extrusion method, an extrusion apparatus, and a method for manufacturing a photosensitive drum base tube.
Abstract
Description
前記ディスカード減厚工程の後で、前記ディスカードをシャー刃により切除するディスカード切除工程と、
を含むことを特徴とする押出加工方法。
前記新ビレット押継ぎ工程の後で、押出加工を再開する押出加工再開工程と、
を含む前項1記載の押出加工方法。
前記ディスカード減厚工程における前記ディスカードの温度が400~520℃の範囲内である前項1~3のいずれかに記載の押出加工方法。
前記ビレットのディスカードを切除するシャー刃と、を具備し、
前記ステムは、更に、前記コンテナによるディスカードの外周面の拘束が解除された後で又は解除されながら、前記ディスカードをその厚さが減少するように厚さ方向に押圧するものとなされていることを特徴とする押出加工装置。
2:ステム
3:押出ダイス
4:シャー刃
6:ビレット
7:ディスカード
8:押出管(押出材)
10:押出加工装置
Claims (6)
- コンテナによるディスカードの外周面の拘束を解除した後で又は解除しながら、前記ディスカードをその厚さ方向にステムにより押圧することにより、前記ディスカードの厚さを減少させるディスカード減厚工程と、
前記ディスカード減厚工程の後で、前記ディスカードをシャー刃により切除するディスカード切除工程と、
を含むことを特徴とする押出加工方法。 - 前記ディスカード切除工程の後で、前記コンテナ内に装填された新たなビレットを押出ダイス内の残留押出材料に押し付けて圧着する新ビレット押継ぎ工程と、
前記新ビレット押継ぎ工程の後で、押出加工を再開する押出加工再開工程と、
を含む請求項1記載の押出加工方法。 - 前記ディスカード減厚工程で、前記ディスカードの厚さが10~30mmの範囲内になるように前記ディスカードの厚さを減少させる請求項1又は2記載の押出加工方法。
- 前記押出加工方法は、アルミニウム合金の押出加工方法であり、
前記ディスカード減厚工程における前記ディスカードの温度が400~520℃の範囲内である請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の押出加工方法。 - 請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の押出加工方法を行った後、前記押出加工方法で得られた押出管を引抜加工することを特徴とする感光ドラム基体用素管の製造方法。
- コンテナ内に配置されたビレットを押圧するステムと、
前記ビレットのディスカードを切除するシャー刃と、を具備し、
前記ステムは、更に、前記コンテナによるディスカードの外周面の拘束が解除された後で又は解除されながら、前記ディスカードをその厚さが減少するように厚さ方向に押圧するものとなされていることを特徴とする押出加工装置。
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US13/265,136 US8939001B2 (en) | 2009-04-20 | 2010-04-16 | Method of extrusion forming |
CN201080017506.3A CN102405115B (zh) | 2009-04-20 | 2010-04-16 | 挤压加工方法和挤压加工装置 |
JP2011510306A JP5468602B2 (ja) | 2009-04-20 | 2010-04-16 | 押出加工方法及び押出加工装置 |
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JP2009101980 | 2009-04-20 | ||
JP2009-101980 | 2009-04-20 |
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WO2010122957A1 true WO2010122957A1 (ja) | 2010-10-28 |
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PCT/JP2010/056836 WO2010122957A1 (ja) | 2009-04-20 | 2010-04-16 | 押出加工方法及び押出加工装置 |
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US (1) | US8939001B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5468602B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN102405115B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2010122957A1 (ja) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2012076132A (ja) * | 2010-10-04 | 2012-04-19 | Showa Denko Kk | 押出加工方法及び押出加工装置 |
CN106077797A (zh) * | 2016-08-11 | 2016-11-09 | 上虞市银佳铜业有限公司 | 一种u形空调冷凝铜管切割机 |
JP2017024021A (ja) * | 2015-07-17 | 2017-02-02 | 昭和電工株式会社 | 押出加工方法及び押出加工装置 |
JP2017024022A (ja) * | 2015-07-17 | 2017-02-02 | 昭和電工株式会社 | 押出加工方法及び押出加工装置 |
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KR20140034306A (ko) * | 2011-11-07 | 2014-03-19 | 에스엠에스 메르 게엠베하 | 압출기 및 튜브 압출기와 압착 잔류부 분리 방법 |
CN106424204B (zh) * | 2016-06-15 | 2017-12-29 | 江苏亚太轻合金科技股份有限公司 | 铝管接头滚花装置 |
CN114669616A (zh) * | 2016-11-30 | 2022-06-28 | 爱信轻金属株式会社 | 结构部件 |
CN108326067B (zh) * | 2018-01-29 | 2019-09-20 | 山东南山铝业股份有限公司 | 铝合金挤压残料回收方法 |
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- 2010-04-16 CN CN201080017506.3A patent/CN102405115B/zh active Active
- 2010-04-16 US US13/265,136 patent/US8939001B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-04-16 JP JP2011510306A patent/JP5468602B2/ja active Active
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JP2012076132A (ja) * | 2010-10-04 | 2012-04-19 | Showa Denko Kk | 押出加工方法及び押出加工装置 |
JP2017024021A (ja) * | 2015-07-17 | 2017-02-02 | 昭和電工株式会社 | 押出加工方法及び押出加工装置 |
JP2017024022A (ja) * | 2015-07-17 | 2017-02-02 | 昭和電工株式会社 | 押出加工方法及び押出加工装置 |
CN106077797A (zh) * | 2016-08-11 | 2016-11-09 | 上虞市银佳铜业有限公司 | 一种u形空调冷凝铜管切割机 |
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CN102405115A (zh) | 2012-04-04 |
CN102405115B (zh) | 2014-10-15 |
JPWO2010122957A1 (ja) | 2012-10-25 |
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