WO2010110256A1 - チューナおよびマイクロ波プラズマ源 - Google Patents
チューナおよびマイクロ波プラズマ源 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010110256A1 WO2010110256A1 PCT/JP2010/054960 JP2010054960W WO2010110256A1 WO 2010110256 A1 WO2010110256 A1 WO 2010110256A1 JP 2010054960 W JP2010054960 W JP 2010054960W WO 2010110256 A1 WO2010110256 A1 WO 2010110256A1
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- slag
- microwave
- inner conductor
- drive
- unit
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
- H05B6/64—Heating using microwaves
- H05B6/80—Apparatus for specific applications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
- H01P5/04—Coupling devices of the waveguide type with variable factor of coupling
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J37/00—Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
- H01J37/32—Gas-filled discharge tubes
- H01J37/32009—Arrangements for generation of plasma specially adapted for examination or treatment of objects, e.g. plasma sources
- H01J37/32192—Microwave generated discharge
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J37/00—Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
- H01J37/32—Gas-filled discharge tubes
- H01J37/32009—Arrangements for generation of plasma specially adapted for examination or treatment of objects, e.g. plasma sources
- H01J37/32192—Microwave generated discharge
- H01J37/32211—Means for coupling power to the plasma
- H01J37/32247—Resonators
- H01J37/32256—Tuning means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
- H05B6/64—Heating using microwaves
- H05B6/70—Feed lines
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
- H05B6/64—Heating using microwaves
- H05B6/70—Feed lines
- H05B6/705—Feed lines using microwave tuning
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
- H05B6/64—Heating using microwaves
- H05B6/72—Radiators or antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
- H05H1/24—Generating plasma
- H05H1/46—Generating plasma using applied electromagnetic fields, e.g. high frequency or microwave energy
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
- H05H1/24—Generating plasma
- H05H1/46—Generating plasma using applied electromagnetic fields, e.g. high frequency or microwave energy
- H05H1/461—Microwave discharges
- H05H1/463—Microwave discharges using antennas or applicators
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a tuner and a microwave plasma source that perform automatic impedance matching in a microwave plasma processing apparatus.
- plasma processing such as a plasma etching apparatus or a plasma CVD film forming apparatus is performed in order to perform a plasma process such as an etching process or a film forming process on a target substrate such as a semiconductor wafer or a glass substrate A device is used.
- an RLSA Random Line Slot Slot Antenna microwave plasma processing apparatus capable of uniformly forming a high-density and low electron temperature plasma has attracted attention (for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2007-2007). -109457).
- the RLSA microwave plasma processing apparatus is provided with a planar antenna (Radial Slot Antenna) in which a number of slots are formed in a predetermined pattern at the upper part of the chamber, and the microwave guided from the microwave generation source is transmitted to the slot of the planar antenna. And radiates into a chamber held in a vacuum through a microwave transmission plate made of a dielectric material provided below, and this microwave electric field converts the gas introduced into the chamber into plasma, An object to be processed such as a semiconductor wafer is processed by the plasma thus formed.
- a planar antenna Ring Slot Antenna
- microwave plasma processing apparatus having a microwave plasma source that divides microwaves into a plurality of channels and guides the microwaves into the chamber through the plurality of antenna modules having the planar antenna and spatially synthesizes the microwaves in the chamber. It has been proposed (WO 2008/013112 pamphlet).
- This type of microwave plasma processing apparatus requires an impedance matching unit (tuner) in order to tune the impedance of a load (plasma).
- an impedance matching unit one using a slag tuner having a plurality of slags is known (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-347808).
- a coaxial microwave transmission path is configured by a tubular outer conductor and an inner conductor provided in the outer conductor, and the inner conductor is placed in a gap between the inner surface of the outer conductor and the outer surface of the inner conductor.
- Slags made of at least two dielectrics are provided so as to be movable along the longitudinal direction, and impedance tuning is performed by moving these slags by a driving mechanism. As a result, a compact and low-loss tuner can be realized.
- the driving mechanism for moving the slag is provided outside the outer conductor.
- a drive unit such as a motor, a drive transmission mechanism such as a ball screw, or a drive guide mechanism such as an LM guide is used.
- a bracket is attached to a slug, and this bracket is joined to a ball screw that is a drive transmission mechanism.
- a ball screw is rotated by a motor, and a bracket is guided by an LM guide to move a slag.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a tuner for impedance matching and a microwave plasma source using the same, which can be miniaturized more than ever.
- a microwave transmission path that transmits microwaves from a microwave power source to a chamber that performs microwave plasma processing is provided, and the impedance of the load in the chamber is set to the characteristics of the microwave power source.
- a tuner for matching impedance having a cylindrical outer conductor and a cylindrical inner conductor coaxially provided therein, a main body that is a part of a microwave transmission path, and the outer An annular slag formed between a conductor and the inner conductor, movable along the longitudinal direction of the inner conductor, and a drive mechanism for moving the slag, and a drive mechanism for moving the slag,
- a driving unit that applies driving force, a driving transmission unit that transmits driving force from the driving unit to the slag, a driving guide unit that guides movement of the slag, and the driving of the slag.
- a holding portion for holding the reach portion, and the drive transmission unit, the drive guide unit, a tuner which the holding portion is accommodated inside the inner conductor is
- a microwave power source a microwave transmission path for transmitting a microwave from the microwave power source to a chamber that performs plasma processing on the substrate, and the microwave transmission path are provided.
- a tuner that matches the impedance of the load in the chamber to the characteristic impedance of the microwave power source, and an antenna unit that radiates the microwave to the chamber to generate plasma, and the tuner has a cylindrical shape.
- An slag made of a dielectric material, which is movable along the longitudinal direction of the conductor, and a drive mechanism for moving the slag, and the drive mechanism is a drive A drive unit that transmits the driving force from the drive unit to the slag, a drive guide unit that guides the movement of the slag, and a holding unit that holds the slag in the drive transmission unit.
- the microwave plasma source by which the said drive transmission part, the said drive guide part, and the said holding
- the drive mechanism is fitted into the slug, slides and moves inside the inner conductor in contact with the inner circumference of the inner conductor, and has a screw hole And a slag moving shaft that is provided along the longitudinal direction inside the inner conductor and is screwed into a screw hole of the sliding member of the slag, the slag moving shaft and the sliding member And a drive transmission unit configured by a screw mechanism, and a driving guide unit configured by a sliding guide mechanism is configured by the sliding member and an inner peripheral surface of the inner conductor, and the holding unit is configured by the sliding member,
- the drive unit includes a motor that rotates the slag moving shaft. By rotating the slag moving shaft by the motor, the slag held by the sliding member is moved forward by the sliding member. It is preferably driven at the inner circumference sliding guide state of the inner conductor.
- FIG. 1 It is sectional drawing which shows schematic structure of the plasma processing apparatus by which the microwave plasma source which has a tuner concerning one Embodiment of this invention is mounted. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the microwave plasma source of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the microwave introduction mechanism in the microwave plasma processing apparatus of FIG. It is a top view which shows the slag and the sliding member in the main body of a tuner. It is a perspective view which shows a part of inner conductor in the main body of a tuner. It is a top view which shows the planar slot antenna mounted in the microwave introduction mechanism.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a plasma processing apparatus equipped with a microwave plasma source having a tuner according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2 shows the configuration of the microwave plasma source of FIG. It is a block diagram.
- the plasma processing apparatus 100 is configured as a plasma etching apparatus that performs, for example, an etching process on a wafer, and is a substantially cylindrical grounded chamber made of a metal material such as aluminum or stainless steel that is hermetically configured. 1 and a microwave plasma source 2 for forming microwave plasma in the chamber 1. An opening 1 a is formed in the upper part of the chamber 1, and the microwave plasma source 2 is provided so as to face the inside of the chamber 1 from the opening 1 a.
- a susceptor 11 for horizontally supporting a wafer W as an object to be processed is supported by a cylindrical support member 12 erected at the center of the bottom of the chamber 1 via an insulating member 12 a.
- a susceptor 11 and the support member 12 include aluminum whose surface is anodized (anodized).
- the susceptor 11 includes an electrostatic chuck for electrostatically attracting the wafer W, a temperature control mechanism, a gas flow path for supplying heat transfer gas to the back surface of the wafer W, and the wafer.
- a high frequency bias power supply 14 is electrically connected to the susceptor 11 via a matching unit 13. By supplying high frequency power from the high frequency bias power source 14 to the susceptor 11, ions in the plasma are attracted to the wafer W side.
- An exhaust pipe 15 is connected to the bottom of the chamber 1, and an exhaust device 16 including a vacuum pump is connected to the exhaust pipe 15. Then, by operating the exhaust device 16, the inside of the chamber 1 is exhausted, and the inside of the chamber 1 can be decompressed at a high speed to a predetermined degree of vacuum. Further, on the side wall of the chamber 1, a loading / unloading port 17 for loading / unloading the wafer W and a gate valve 18 for opening / closing the loading / unloading port 17 are provided.
- a shower plate 20 that discharges a processing gas for plasma etching toward the wafer W is provided horizontally.
- the shower plate 20 has a gas flow path 21 formed in a lattice shape and a large number of gas discharge holes 22 formed in the gas flow path 21. It is a space part 23.
- a pipe 24 extending outside the chamber 1 is connected to the gas flow path 21 of the shower plate 20, and a processing gas supply source 25 is connected to the pipe 24.
- a ring-shaped plasma generation gas introduction member 26 is provided along the chamber wall at a position above the shower plate 20 of the chamber 1. A hole is provided.
- a plasma generation gas supply source 27 that supplies the plasma generation gas is connected to the plasma generation gas introduction member 26 via a pipe 28. Ar gas or the like is preferably used as the plasma generating gas.
- the plasma generation gas introduced into the chamber 1 from the plasma generation gas introduction member 26 is turned into plasma by the microwave introduced into the chamber 1 from the microwave plasma source 2, and the plasma thus generated, for example, Ar
- the plasma passes through the space 23 of the shower plate 20 and excites the processing gas discharged from the gas discharge holes 22 of the shower plate 20 to generate plasma of the processing gas.
- the microwave plasma source 2 is supported by a support ring 29 provided at the upper part of the chamber 1, and the space between them is hermetically sealed. As shown in FIG. 2, the microwave plasma source 2 includes a microwave output unit 30 that distributes the microwaves to a plurality of paths and outputs a microwave, a microwave introduction unit 40 that guides the microwave to the chamber 1, a microwave The microwave supply unit 50 supplies the microwave output from the output unit 30 to the microwave introduction unit 40.
- the microwave output unit 30 includes a power supply unit 31, a microwave oscillator 32, an amplifier 33 that amplifies the oscillated microwave, and a distributor 34 that distributes the amplified microwave into a plurality of parts.
- the microwave oscillator 32 causes, for example, PLL oscillation of microwaves having a predetermined frequency (eg, 2.45 GHz).
- the distributor 34 distributes the microwave amplified by the amplifier 33 while matching the impedance between the input side and the output side so that the loss of the microwave does not occur as much as possible.
- the microwave frequency In addition to the 2.45 GHz, 8.35 GHz, 5.8 GHz, 1.98 GHz, or the like can be used as the microwave frequency.
- the microwave supply unit 50 includes a plurality of amplifier units 42 that mainly amplify the microwaves distributed by the distributor 34.
- the amplifier unit 42 includes a phase shifter 45, a variable gain amplifier 46, a main amplifier 47 constituting a solid state amplifier, and an isolator 48.
- the phase shifter 45 is configured such that the phase of the microwave can be changed by the slag tuner, and the radiation characteristic can be modulated by adjusting this. For example, by adjusting the phase for each antenna module, the directivity is controlled to change the plasma distribution, and the circular polarization is obtained by shifting the phase by 90 ° between adjacent antenna modules as will be described later. be able to.
- the phase shifter 45 can be used for the purpose of spatial synthesis in the tuner by adjusting the delay characteristics between the components in the amplifier. However, the phase shifter 45 need not be provided when such modulation of radiation characteristics and adjustment of delay characteristics between components in the amplifier are not required.
- the variable gain amplifier 46 is an amplifier for adjusting the power level of the microwave input to the main amplifier 47, adjusting the variation of individual antenna modules, or adjusting the plasma intensity. By changing the variable gain amplifier 46 for each antenna module, the generated plasma can be distributed.
- the main amplifier 47 constituting the solid state amplifier can be configured to include, for example, an input matching circuit, a semiconductor amplifying element, an output matching circuit, and a high Q resonance circuit.
- the isolator 48 separates reflected microwaves reflected by the microwave introduction unit 40 and directed to the main amplifier 47, and includes a circulator and a dummy load (coaxial terminator).
- the circulator guides the microwave reflected by the antenna unit 80 described later to the dummy load, and the dummy load converts the reflected microwave guided by the circulator into heat.
- the microwave introduction unit 40 has a plurality of microwave introduction mechanisms 41 as shown in FIG. Each microwave introduction mechanism 41 is supplied with microwave power from two amplifier units 42, and these are combined and radiated.
- the microwave introduction mechanism 41 is supplied with microwave power from the two amplifier units 42, synthesizes them, and radiates them into the chamber 1.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the microwave introduction mechanism 41.
- the microwave introduction mechanism 41 includes a tuner 60 and an antenna unit 80.
- the tuner 60 matches the impedance of the load (plasma) in the chamber 1 with the characteristic impedance of the microwave power source in the microwave output unit 30, and is coaxial between the cylindrical outer conductor 52 and the outer conductor 52.
- a main body 51 that is a part of a microwave transmission path.
- the base end side of the main body 51 is a power feeding / power combining unit 54.
- the tuner 60 has a slag driving unit 70 provided on the power feeding / power combining unit 54.
- the power feeding / power combining unit 54 has two microwave power introduction ports 55 for introducing the microwave power provided on the side surface of the outer conductor 52.
- a coaxial line 56 for supplying the microwave amplified from the amplifier unit 42 is connected to the microwave power introduction port 55.
- a feeding antenna 58 that extends horizontally toward the inside of the outer conductor 52 of the main body 51 is connected to the tip of the inner conductor 57 of the coaxial line 56.
- the power feeding antenna 58 is sandwiched between dielectric members 59a and 59b made of a dielectric material such as quartz.
- microwaves electromagnetic waves
- two slugs 61 a and 61 b made of a dielectric material and having an annular shape move vertically between the outer conductor 52 and the inner conductor 53. It is provided to be movable.
- the slag 61a is provided on the slag drive unit 70 side
- the slag 61b is provided on the antenna unit 80 side.
- two slag moving shafts 64a and 64b for slag movement are provided along the longitudinal direction (vertical direction), for example, a screw rod formed with a trapezoidal screw. .
- a sliding member 63 made of a resin having slipperiness is fitted inside the slugs 61a and 61b.
- the sliding member 63 fitted into the slag 61a is provided with a screw hole 65a into which the slag moving shaft 64a is screwed and a through hole 65b into which the slag moving shaft 64b is inserted.
- the sliding member 63 fitted in the slag 61b is similarly provided with a screw hole 65a and a through hole 65b.
- the sliding member 63 fitted in the slag 61b is opposite to the sliding member 63 fitted in the slag 61a, the screw hole 65a is screwed to the slag moving shaft 64b, and the slag moving shaft 64a is connected to the through hole 65b. It is designed to be inserted.
- the slag 61a moves up and down by rotating the slag movement shaft 64a
- the slag 61b moves up and down by rotating the slag movement shaft 64b. That is, the slugs 61a and 61b are moved up and down by a screw mechanism including the slug moving shafts 64a and 64b and the sliding member 63.
- the inner conductor 53 has three slits 53a formed at equal intervals along the longitudinal direction.
- the sliding member 63 is provided with three protruding portions 63a at equal intervals so as to correspond to the slits 53a. Then, the sliding member 63 is fitted into the slags 61a and 61b in a state where the protruding portions 63a are in contact with the inner circumferences of the slags 61a and 61b.
- the outer peripheral surface of the sliding member 63 comes into contact with the inner peripheral surface of the inner conductor 53 without play, and the sliding member 63 slides up and down the inner conductor 53 by rotating the slug movement shafts 64a and 64b. It is supposed to be.
- the inner peripheral surface of the inner conductor 53 functions as a sliding guide for the slugs 61a and 61b.
- the width of the slit 53a is preferably 5 mm or less.
- the resin material constituting the sliding member 63 a resin having good sliding property and relatively easy processing, for example, polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) resin (trade name: BEAREE AS5000 (manufactured by NTN Corporation)) is suitable. Can be cited as a thing.
- PPS polyphenylene sulfide
- a shielding plate 66 is provided on the upper portion of the main body 51 so as to shield the upper opening.
- the slag moving shafts 64 a and 64 b extend through the shielding plate 66 to the slag driving unit 70.
- a bearing (not shown) is provided between the slag moving shafts 64 a and 64 b and the shielding plate 66.
- a bottom plate 67 made of a conductor is provided at the lower end of the inner conductor 53.
- the lower ends of the slag moving shafts 64a and 64b are normally open ends to absorb vibration during driving, and a bottom plate 67 is provided at a distance of about 2 to 5 mm from the lower ends of the slag moving shafts 64a and 64b. It has been.
- the bottom plate 67 may function as a bearing member that supports the slag moving shafts 64a and 64b.
- the slag drive unit 70 has a casing 71, slag moving shafts 64a and 64b extend into the casing 71, and gears 72a and 72b are attached to the upper ends of the slag moving shafts 64a and 64b, respectively.
- the slag drive unit 70 is provided with a motor 73a that rotates the slag movement shaft 64a and a motor 73b that rotates the slag movement shaft 64b.
- a gear 74a is attached to the shaft of the motor 73a, and a gear 74b is attached to the shaft of the motor 73b.
- the gear 74a meshes with the gear 72a, and the gear 74b meshes with the gear 72b.
- the slag movement shaft 64a is rotated by the motor 73a via the gears 74a and 72a
- the slag movement shaft 64b is rotated by the motor 73b via the gears 74b and 72b.
- the motors 73a and 73b are, for example, stepping motors.
- the slag moving shaft 64b is longer than the slag moving shaft 64a and reaches the upper side. Therefore, the positions of the gears 72a and 72b are vertically offset, and the motors 73a and 73b are also vertically offset. Thereby, the space of a power transmission mechanism such as a motor and gears can be reduced, and the casing 71 that accommodates them can have the same diameter as the outer conductor 52.
- increment type encoders 75a and 75b for detecting the positions of the slugs 61a and 61b are provided so as to be directly connected to these output shafts.
- Incremental encoders can usually detect only the relative positional relationship with the moving direction, but in this embodiment, the absolute position is grasped.
- the procedure is as follows.
- the slag moving shaft 64a is slowly rotated to move the slag 61a at a constant speed while looking at the counter of the encoder 75a.
- the motor 73a steps out and stops. Stopping can be detected by the fact that the count of the encoder 75a does not change, and the position of the slug 61a at that time or the position offset by a predetermined pulse from that position is used as the origin.
- the absolute position of the slag 61a can be detected by counting the number of pulses from the origin with this origin position as a reference.
- the slag 61b can detect the absolute position by grasping the origin. This eliminates the need for a sensor for position detection.
- the positions of the slags 61a and 61b are controlled by the slag controller 68.
- the slag controller 68 controls the motors 73a and 73b based on the impedance value of the input end detected by an impedance detector (not shown) and the positional information of the slags 61a and 61b detected by the encoders 75a and 75b.
- the impedance is adjusted by sending a signal and controlling the positions of the slugs 61a and 61b.
- the slug controller 68 performs impedance matching so that the termination is, for example, 50 ⁇ . When only one of the two slugs is moved, a trajectory passing through the origin of the Smith chart is drawn, and when both are moved simultaneously, only the phase rotates.
- the slag moving shafts 64a and 64b have trapezoidal screws, the positional accuracy of the slags 61a and 61b may be low due to backlash.
- the slags 61a and 61b may include coils, for example. If an urging force is applied by a spring, the influence of backlash can be eliminated.
- the antenna unit 80 has a planar slot antenna 81 that functions as a microwave radiation antenna and has a planar shape and has a slot 81a.
- the antenna unit 80 includes a slow wave material 82 provided on the upper surface of the planar slot antenna 81.
- a cylindrical member 82 a made of a conductor passes through the center of the slow wave member 82 to connect the bearing portion 67 and the planar slot antenna 81. Therefore, the inner conductor 53 is connected to the planar slot antenna 81 via the bearing portion 67 and the cylindrical member 82a.
- the lower end of the outer conductor 52 that constitutes the main body 51 of the tuner 60 extends to the planar slot antenna 81, and the periphery of the slow wave material 82 is covered with the outer conductor 52. Further, the periphery of the planar slot antenna 81 and the top plate 83 is covered with a covered conductor 84.
- the slow wave material 82 has a dielectric constant larger than that of a vacuum, and is made of, for example, a fluorine resin or a polyimide resin such as quartz, ceramics, polytetrafluoroethylene, and the like. Therefore, the antenna has a function of shortening the wavelength of the microwave to make the antenna smaller.
- the slow wave material 82 can adjust the phase of the microwave depending on the thickness thereof, and the thickness thereof is adjusted so that the planar slot antenna 81 becomes a “wave” of a standing wave. Thereby, reflection can be minimized and the radiation energy of the planar slot antenna 81 can be maximized.
- a dielectric member for vacuum sealing for example, a top plate 83 made of quartz, ceramics, or the like is disposed on the tip end side of the planar slot antenna 81. Then, the microwave amplified by the main amplifier 47 passes between the peripheral walls of the inner conductor 53 and the outer conductor 52, passes through the top plate 83 from the slot 81 a of the planar slot antenna 81, and is radiated to the space in the chamber 1. .
- the slot 81a is preferably a sector as shown in FIG. 6, and it is preferable to provide two or four slots as shown. Thereby, a microwave can be efficiently transmitted in TEM mode.
- the main amplifier 47, the tuner 60, and the planar slot antenna 81 are arranged close to each other.
- the tuner 60 and the planar slot antenna 81 constitute a lumped constant circuit existing within a half wavelength, and the combined resistance of the planar slot antenna 81, the slow wave material 82, and the top plate 83 is set to 50 ⁇ . Therefore, the tuner 60 is directly tuned with respect to the plasma load, and can efficiently transmit energy to the plasma.
- the control unit 90 includes a storage unit that stores a process recipe of the plasma processing apparatus 100 and a process recipe that is a control parameter, an input unit, a display, and the like, and controls the plasma processing apparatus according to the selected process recipe. ing.
- the wafer W is loaded into the chamber 1 and placed on the susceptor 11. Then, while introducing a plasma generation gas, for example, Ar gas, from the plasma generation gas supply source 27 through the pipe 28 and the plasma generation gas introduction member 26 into the chamber 1, microwaves from the microwave plasma source 2 are introduced into the chamber 1. Introduced to generate plasma.
- a plasma generation gas for example, Ar gas
- a processing gas for example, an etching gas such as Cl 2 gas is discharged from the processing gas supply source 25 into the chamber 1 through the pipe 24 and the shower plate 20.
- the discharged processing gas is excited by plasma that has passed through the space 23 of the shower plate 20 to be turned into plasma or radical, and plasma processing, for example, etching processing is performed on the wafer W by the plasma or radical of the processing gas. .
- the microwave oscillated from the microwave oscillator 32 of the microwave output unit 30 is amplified by the amplifier 33 and then distributed to a plurality by the distributor 34.
- the distributed microwave is guided to the microwave introduction unit 40 through the microwave supply unit 50.
- the two microwave powers provided from the two amplifier units 42 via the coaxial line 56 to the power feeding / power combining unit 54 Microwave power is fed into the main body 51 via the introduction port 55 and the feeding antenna 58 and synthesized. Thereby, it is possible to perform power synthesis very easily while suppressing heat generation. If the power from one amplifier unit 42 is sufficient, the above power combining can be omitted. Further, three or more similar microwave power introduction ports 55 may be provided to combine the power from the three or more amplifier units 42.
- the microwave power is introduced into the chamber 1 through the planar slot antenna 81 and the top plate 83 of the antenna unit 80 in a state where impedance is automatically matched by the tuner 60 of the microwave introduction mechanism 41 and there is substantially no power reflection. Radiated.
- the microwaves distributed in a plurality are individually amplified by the main amplifier 47 constituting the solid state amplifier, and individually radiated using the planar slot antenna 81, they are synthesized in the chamber 1, so that the large-sized microwaves are combined. No isolator or synthesizer is required.
- the microwave introduction mechanism 41 is extremely compact because it has a structure in which the antenna unit 80 and the tuner 60 are provided in the main body 51. For this reason, the microwave plasma source 2 itself can be made compact. Further, the main amplifier 47, the tuner 60, and the planar slot antenna 81 are provided close to each other. In particular, the tuner 60 and the planar slot antenna 81 can be configured as a lumped constant circuit. For this reason, the plasma load can be tuned with high precision by the tuner 60 by designing the combined resistance of the planar slot antenna 81, the slow wave member 82, and the top plate 83 to 50 ⁇ . Further, since the tuner 60 constitutes a slag tuner that can perform impedance matching only by moving the two slags 61a and 61b, the tuner 60 is compact and has low loss.
- the tuner 60 and the planar slot antenna 81 are close to each other, constitute a lumped constant circuit, and function as a resonator, thereby eliminating the impedance mismatch up to the planar slot antenna 81 with high accuracy.
- the non-matching portion can be made a plasma space substantially, the tuner 60 enables high-precision plasma control.
- the directivity of the microwave can be controlled, and the distribution of plasma or the like can be easily adjusted.
- a driving mechanism for driving the slags 61a and 61b for impedance matching has been conventionally provided outside the main body portion of the tuner 60, such as a motor.
- Drive part such as a ball screw, a drive guide part such as an LM guide, and a holding part such as a bracket, which are large in size and provided with slits for movement of the holding part in the outer conductor.
- a very large shield mechanism is required, and a large motor is required, so including a drive mechanism and a shield mechanism avoids an increase in size. could not.
- the drive mechanism of the slugs 61a and 61b can be made smaller than before, and the tuner 60 as a whole can be made smaller.
- a sliding member 63 made of a resin having slipperiness is attached to the slags 61a, 61b themselves, and a screw mechanism is configured by screwing the slag moving shaft 64a or 64b into the screw hole 65a of the sliding member 63 to constitute a motor 73a.
- 73b rotate the slag moving shafts 64a, 64b so that the outer periphery of the sliding member 63 is guided so as to slide along the inner periphery of the inner conductor 53, so that the slags 61a, 61b move. Since 64a and 64b have three functions of a drive transmission mechanism, a drive guide mechanism, and a holding mechanism, the drive mechanism can be remarkably compact, and the tuner 60 can be further downsized.
- the through hole 65b is provided in the sliding member 63, and the slag moving shaft that is not screwed into the screw hole 65a is passed through the through hole 65b, the slags 61a and 61b are driven in the inner conductor 53, respectively.
- the two slag moving shafts 64a and 64b can be provided, and the two slags 61a and 61b can be independently moved by the screw mechanism.
- the motors 73a and 73b and the gears 72a and 72b which are power transmission mechanisms, are vertically offset, so the space for the power transmission mechanism such as the motor and gears can be reduced.
- the casing 71 that accommodates them can have the same diameter as the outer conductor 52. Therefore, the tuner 60 can be made more compact.
- the screws of the slag moving shafts 64a and 64b may be trapezoidal screws and inexpensive. it can. At this time, the problem of lowering of position accuracy due to screw backlash, which is a concern at this time, can be solved by providing a biasing means such as a coil spring.
- the incremental encoders 75a and 75b are provided so as to be directly connected to the output shafts of the motors 73a and 73b and the positions of the slugs 61a and 61b are detected, a conventionally used sensor for position detection becomes unnecessary. Therefore, it is possible to avoid a complicated system and an increase in the size of the sensor installation space. Incremental encoders are less expensive than absolute encoders. For this reason, a small and highly accurate tuner can be realized without increasing the cost.
- the inner conductor 53 is provided with a slit 53a for moving the protruding portion 63a of the sliding member 63, and microwave power leaks from the slit 53a to the inside of the inner conductor 53, which may cause power loss.
- the microwave power leaking into the inner conductor 53 can be substantially eliminated, and the radiation efficiency of the microwave power can be maintained high.
- the electromagnetic wave analysis using the finite element method was used to determine the loss of the input microwave power when the inner conductors with various slit widths were used.
- one microwave introduction port is provided.
- the slit width was changed to 0 mm, 3 mm, 5 mm, 6.6 mm, 10 mm, and 13.3 mm, and the S parameter S11 was grasped.
- S11 indicates reflection when an electromagnetic wave is input from the microwave introduction port. When this value is 0, loss due to reflection is 0, and when this value is 1, all reflection is performed.
- the driving mechanism that moves the slugs 61a and 61b transmits the driving force (motors 73a and 73b, etc.) that applies the driving force and the driving force from the driving unit to the slugs 61a and 61b. Since the drive transmission part for driving, the drive guide part for guiding the movement of the slag, and the holding part for holding the slags 61a and 61b in the drive transmission part are accommodated inside the inner conductor 53, these are accommodated in the outer conductor 52.
- the weight and moment of the machine element can be reduced, and it is not necessary to provide the outer conductor 52 with a slit for moving the holding mechanism, and a shield mechanism for preventing electromagnetic wave leakage Is no longer necessary. For this reason, the slag drive mechanism can be made smaller than before, and as a result, the entire tuner can be made smaller.
- the drive mechanism is fitted inside each of the slugs 61a and 61b, and slides and moves inside the inner conductor 53 in contact with the inner circumference of the inner conductor 53, and a sliding member 63 having a screw hole and the inner conductor 53.
- the slag moving shafts 64a and 64b are provided along the longitudinal direction and are screw rods that are screwed into the screw holes of the sliding members of the slags 61a and 61b.
- the moving shafts 64a and 64b The sliding member 63 constitutes a drive transmission unit composed of a screw mechanism, the sliding member 63 and the inner circumferential surface of the inner conductor 53 constitute a driving guide unit composed of a sliding guide mechanism, and the sliding member 63 constitutes a holding unit.
- the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the idea of the present invention.
- the circuit configuration of the microwave output unit 30, the circuit configuration of the microwave introduction unit 40, the main amplifier 47, and the like are not limited to the above embodiment. Specifically, when it is not necessary to control the directivity of the microwave radiated from the planar slot antenna or to make it circularly polarized, the phase shifter is unnecessary.
- the microwave introduction part 40 does not necessarily need to be comprised by the some microwave introduction mechanism 41, and the microwave introduction mechanism 41 may be one.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and various slot patterns can be adopted depending on conditions. Furthermore, although the example which provided two slags in the said embodiment was shown, the number of slags may be more than two and one may be sufficient when the tuning range is previously limited.
- a screw mechanism that combines a slag moving shaft having a trapezoidal screw and a sliding member that is screwed into the slag driving mechanism is used as a slag driving mechanism.
- Square screws, sawtooth screws, and the like can also be used.
- a ball screw may be used instead of the slag moving shaft and the sliding member being directly screwed together, and another mechanism such as a gear mechanism or a belt mechanism may be used as the drive transmission mechanism.
- the drive guide mechanism is not limited to the sliding mechanism, and other guides such as an LM guide can be used.
- the power transmission between the motor and the slag moving shaft is performed by the gear mechanism, but the present invention is not limited to this and may be performed by another mechanism such as a belt mechanism.
- the etching processing apparatus is exemplified as the plasma processing apparatus.
- the present invention is not limited to this and can be used for other plasma processing such as film formation processing, oxynitride film processing, and ashing processing.
- the substrate to be processed is not limited to a semiconductor wafer, and may be another substrate such as an FPD (flat panel display) substrate typified by an LCD (liquid crystal display) substrate or a ceramic substrate.
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Abstract
Description
まず、ウエハWをチャンバ1内に搬入し、サセプタ11上に載置する。そして、プラズマ生成ガス供給源27から配管28およびプラズマ生成ガス導入部材26を介してチャンバ1内にプラズマ生成ガス、例えばArガスを導入しつつ、マイクロ波プラズマ源2からマイクロ波をチャンバ1内に導入してプラズマを生成する。
Claims (10)
- マイクロ波電源からマイクロ波プラズマ処理を行うチャンバへマイクロ波を伝送するマイクロ波伝送路に設けられ、前記チャンバ内の負荷のインピーダンスを前記マイクロ波電源の特性インピーダンスに整合させるチューナであって、
筒状をなす外側導体とその中に同軸的に設けられた筒状をなす内側導体とを有し、マイクロ波伝送路の一部となる本体と、
前記外側導体と前記内側導体の間に設けられ、内側導体の長手方向に沿って移動可能な、環状をなし、誘電体からなるスラグと、
前記スラグを移動させる駆動機構と
を具備し、
前記駆動機構は、駆動力を与える駆動部と、駆動部からの駆動力を前記スラグに伝達する駆動伝達部と、前記スラグの移動をガイドする駆動ガイド部と、前記スラグを前記駆動伝達部に保持する保持部とを有し、
前記駆動伝達部と、前記駆動ガイド部と、前記保持部が前記内側導体の内部に収容されている、チューナ。 - 前記駆動機構は、前記スラグの内部に嵌め込まれ、前記内側導体の内周に接触した状態で前記内側導体の内部を滑り移動し、ねじ穴を有する滑り部材と、前記内側導体の内部に長手方向に沿って設けられ、前記スラグの前記滑り部材のねじ穴に螺合される螺棒からなるスラグ移動軸とを有し、
前記スラグ移動軸と前記滑り部材とによりねじ機構からなる駆動伝達部が構成され、前記滑り部材と前記内側導体の内周面とにより滑りガイド機構からなる駆動ガイド部が構成され、前記滑り部材により前記保持部が構成され、前記駆動部は前記スラグ移動軸を回転させるモータを有し、前記モータにより前記スラグ移動軸を回転させることにより、前記滑り部材に保持された前記スラグが、前記滑り部材が前記内側導体の内周に滑りガイドされた状態で駆動される、請求項1に記載のチューナ。 - 前記滑り部材は、滑り性を有する樹脂からなる、請求項2に記載のチューナ。
- 前記スラグを少なくとも2つ有し、前記スラグ移動軸と前記モータとを、前記スラグに対応して少なくとも2つ有し、前記滑り部材には、他のスラグのスラグ移動軸が挿通される通し穴が形成されている、請求項2に記載のチューナ。
- 前記少なくとも2つのモータは、前記スラグの移動方向に沿ってオフセット配置されている、請求項4に記載のチューナ。
- 前記モータの出力軸に設けられた、前記スラグの位置を検知するためのインクリメント型のエンコーダをさらに有し、前記スラグを移動させてメカニカルストップへ到達させることによりモータが停止し、前記エンコーダのカウントが変化しないことを検出することにより前記スラグの原点位置を求め、そこを基準として前記スラグの位置を検知する、請求項2に記載のチューナ。
- 前記内側導体は、前記滑り部材と前記スラグとの連結部が移動するためのスリットを有し、前記スリットの幅は5mm以下である、請求項2に記載のチューナ。
- マイクロ波電源と、前記マイクロ波電源から基板に対してプラズマ処理を行うチャンバへマイクロ波を伝送するマイクロ波伝送路と、前記マイクロ波伝送路に設けられ、前記チャンバ内の負荷のインピーダンスを前記マイクロ波電源の特性インピーダンスに整合させるチューナと、前記マイクロ波を前記チャンバに放射させてプラズマを生成させるアンテナ部とを具備し、
前記チューナは、
筒状をなす外側導体とその中に同軸的に設けられた筒状をなす内側導体とを有し、マイクロ波伝送路の一部となる本体と、
前記外側導体と前記内側導体の間に設けられ、内側導体の長手方向に沿って移動可能な、環状をなし、誘電体からなるスラグと、
前記スラグを移動させる駆動機構と
を備え、
前記駆動機構は、駆動力を与える駆動部と、駆動部からの駆動力を前記スラグに伝達する駆動伝達部と、前記スラグの移動をガイドする駆動ガイド部と、前記スラグを前記駆動伝達部に保持する保持部とを有し、
前記駆動伝達部と、前記駆動ガイド部と、前記保持部が前記内側導体の内部に収容されている、マイクロ波プラズマ源。 - 前記駆動機構は、前記スラグの内部に嵌め込まれ、前記内側導体の内周に接触した状態で前記内側導体の内部を滑り移動し、ねじ穴を有する滑り部材と、前記内側導体の内部に長手方向に沿って設けられ、前記スラグの前記滑り部材のねじ穴に螺合される螺棒からなるスラグ移動軸とを有し、
前記スラグ移動軸と前記滑り部材とによりねじ機構からなる駆動伝達部が構成され、前記滑り部材と前記内側導体の内周面とにより滑りガイド機構からなる駆動ガイド部が構成され、前記滑り部材により前記保持部が構成され、前記駆動部は前記スラグ移動軸を回転させるモータを有し、前記モータにより前記スラグ移動軸を回転させることにより、前記滑り部材に保持された前記スラグが、前記滑り部材が前記内側導体の内周に滑りガイドされた状態で駆動される、請求項8に記載のマイクロ波プラズマ源。 - 前記アンテナ部は前記チューナと一体的に構成されている、請求項8に記載のマイクロ波プラズマ源。
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JPWO2010110256A1 (ja) | 2012-09-27 |
CN102365785B (zh) | 2014-02-26 |
KR20110126168A (ko) | 2011-11-22 |
JP5502070B2 (ja) | 2014-05-28 |
CN102365785A (zh) | 2012-02-29 |
US8308898B2 (en) | 2012-11-13 |
KR101277032B1 (ko) | 2013-06-24 |
US20120067523A1 (en) | 2012-03-22 |
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