WO2010101119A1 - 癌組織由来細胞塊およびその調製法 - Google Patents
癌組織由来細胞塊およびその調製法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010101119A1 WO2010101119A1 PCT/JP2010/053253 JP2010053253W WO2010101119A1 WO 2010101119 A1 WO2010101119 A1 WO 2010101119A1 JP 2010053253 W JP2010053253 W JP 2010053253W WO 2010101119 A1 WO2010101119 A1 WO 2010101119A1
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- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N5/00—Undifferentiated human, animal or plant cells, e.g. cell lines; Tissues; Cultivation or maintenance thereof; Culture media therefor
- C12N5/06—Animal cells or tissues; Human cells or tissues
- C12N5/0602—Vertebrate cells
- C12N5/0693—Tumour cells; Cancer cells
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- C12N2509/00—Methods for the dissociation of cells, e.g. specific use of enzymes
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- the present invention relates to a cancer tissue-derived cell mass and a method for preparing the same. More specifically, the present invention relates to a cell mass derived from a cancer tissue that can reconstruct cancer in vitro and retains proliferative ability.
- cancer cell lines include human breast cancer cell lines (MDF7, NCI / ADR HS578T, MDA-MB-22231 / ATCC, MDA-MB-4335, MDA-N, BT-549, T-47D), human offspring Cervical cancer cell line (HeLa), human lung cancer cell lines (A549, EKVX, HOP-62, HOP-92, NCI-H23, NCI-H226, NCI-H322M, NCI-H460, NCI-H522) and human colon cancer cells Strains (Caco-2, COLO 205, HCC-2998, HCT-15, HCT-116, HT29, KM12, SW-620) human prostate cancer cell lines (DU-145, PC-3, LNCaP), etc. In fact, it is widely used for research.
- MDF7 human breast cancer cell lines
- MDA-MB-22231 / ATCC MDA-MB-4335
- MDA-N BT-549, T-47D
- the primary culture of cancer cells is promising and research is underway for the diagnosis and treatment of cancer patients.
- a CD-DST method Collagen gel droplet embedded drug sensitivity test
- This in vitro test method is a drug sensitivity test in which an isolated tissue or cell from a patient is embedded in a collagen gel droplet and verified by combining three-dimensional culture and image colorimetry (for example, non-patented) Reference 1).
- primary culture cells are difficult to handle because no culture method has been established.
- cancer cells that make up cancer may be composed of multiple subpopulations, which are called “tumor progenitor cells” or “tumor stem cells”, but are small populations that are self-replicating.
- tumor progenitor cells or “tumor stem cells”
- stem cells can be obtained, for example, by separating a tumor extracted from a living body into single cells and sorting them, and some of them are said to show proliferative ability even in vitro ( Non-patent document 4).
- Non-patent document 4 Non-patent document 4
- Non-patent Document 5 there is a negative report on the theory of explaining the origin of cancer by stem cells in this way (Non-Patent Document 5), and it does not go beyond the hypothesis.
- the purpose of the present invention is to analyze the cancer cells in vivo, to reproduce the behavior of cancer cells in vitro, and to accurately verify the effects in vivo in drug sensitivity tests or radiation sensitivity tests.
- the object is to provide a novel cell mass derived from cancer tissue that is useful as a sample for research.
- the object of the present invention is also useful as a sample for cancer analysis and treatment research that can be used for the preparation of a simple cancer animal model that has sufficient colonization in a small amount in transplantation into different animals.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a novel cell mass derived from cancer tissue.
- the present inventors intend to conduct a therapeutic sensitivity test for individual cancer patients, and considering the possibility that the cell line that has been used as a research material for cancer research is different from patient cancer, As a result of intensive studies on the primary culture method of cancer cells as a research material to solve the above problems, a novel cancer tissue-derived cell mass and a method for preparing the same were found, and the present invention was completed.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a novel cancer tissue-derived cell mass and a method for preparing the same that can accurately reflect the behavior of cancer cells in vivo in an individual even in vitro.
- the present invention relates to an isolate or a culture thereof separated from a cancer tissue obtained from an individual as a mass containing 3 or more cancer cells, and capable of maintaining a proliferation ability in vitro. It relates to the derived cell mass.
- the cancer tissue-derived cell mass can be obtained by a method including a step of treating a cancer tissue obtained from the individual with an enzyme containing collagenase.
- Such an enzyme is particularly selected from the group consisting of one or more proteases selected from the group consisting of C. histolyticum neutral protease, thermolysin, and dispase; and collagenase I, collagenase II, and collagenase IV It can be obtained by a method comprising a step of treating with a mixed enzyme comprising one or more collagenases.
- the mixed enzyme may be Liberase Blendzyme 1 (registered trademark).
- the present invention also relates to a cancer tissue-derived cell mass that contains three or more cancer cell aggregates and has a substantially spherical or elliptical spherical shape.
- the present invention also relates to three or more cancer cell aggregates: and a cancer tissue-derived cell mass that includes a basement membrane-like substance existing on the outer peripheral surface of the cancer cell aggregate and has a substantially spherical or elliptical spherical shape.
- the cancer tissue-derived cell mass does not substantially contain cells other than cancer cells.
- the basement membrane-like material can be laminin.
- the diameter of the cancer tissue-derived cell mass may be 40 ⁇ m to 250 ⁇ m.
- the cancer cells can be derived from epithelial cancer cells.
- the cancer cells can be derived from colon cancer, ovarian cancer, breast cancer, lung cancer, prostate cancer, kidney cancer, bladder cancer, pharyngeal cancer, or pancreatic cancer.
- the present invention also includes a step of enzyme-treating a fragment of cancer tissue excised from a living body; and a step of selecting and collecting a mass containing three or more cancer cells of the enzyme-treated product.
- the preparation method includes a step of enzyme-treating a fragment of cancer tissue excised from a living body; and a step of selecting and collecting a mass containing three or more cancer cells of the enzyme-treated product.
- the preparation method may further include a step of culturing the collected components for 3 hours or more.
- the above-mentioned sorting and collection can be collected using a sieve.
- the step of selecting and collecting the lump containing three or more cancer cells may be a step of collecting the sieving component in the sieve having a mesh size of 40 ⁇ m and the sieving component in the sieve having a mesh size of 250 ⁇ m.
- the enzyme may be an enzyme containing collagenase.
- the enzyme comprises one or more proteases selected from the group consisting of C. histolyticum neutral protease, thermolysin, and dispase; and one or more collagenases selected from the group consisting of collagenase I, collagenase II, and collagenase IV. It can be a mixed enzyme containing.
- the mixed enzyme may be Liberase Blendzyme 1 (registered trademark).
- the present invention also relates to a cancer tissue-derived cell mass obtained by the above preparation method.
- the cancer tissue-derived cell mass of the present invention behaves in vitro in the same manner as in vivo, and can reconstruct those that exhibit such behavior, and retains the proliferation ability over a certain period of time. obtain.
- Such a cancer tissue-derived cell mass can be used for amplification by culturing cancer cells, and can be widely and conveniently used in vitro for drug sensitivity tests or radiation sensitivity tests. Since it is excellent in tumor colonization with respect to heterogeneous animals, it can be used to create simple tumor-forming animals.
- FIG. 1 It is a figure which shows the formation process of the cancer tissue origin cell cluster of this invention.
- the cancer tissue-derived cell mass of the present invention it is a diagram showing that cells express the surface antigens CD133, CD44, CD166 and the like. It is a figure showing the change of the shape of the cell mass derived from the cancer tissue of the present invention and the proliferation ability in the in vitro culture process. It is a figure which shows the result of the drug sensitivity test by 5-FU in vitro using the cell mass derived from the cancer tissue of this invention. It is the figure which compared the tumor tissue (right) obtained by transplanting the cancer tissue origin cell mass of this invention to a mouse
- FIG. 1 It is a figure which shows the result of the in vitro radiation sensitivity test using the cell mass derived from the cancer tissue of this invention.
- the cancer tissue-derived cell mass of the present invention is an isolate or a culture thereof separated as a mass containing 3 or more cancer cells from a cancer tissue obtained from an individual, and retains proliferative ability in vitro. Can be such that
- the “separate separated from a cancer tissue obtained from an individual as a mass containing three or more cancer cells” is obtained by treating a cancer tissue obtained from a cancer generated in a living body. Or an isolate containing 3 or more, preferably 8 or more cancer cells. Such isolates do not include those that have been separated into single cells, nor do they include constructs that have been separated into single cells and then reconstituted. However, this separated product includes not only a product immediately after being separated from a living body but also a product that has been kept in physiological saline for a certain period of time, or a product that has been frozen or refrigerated.
- cancer tissue obtained from an individual refers to cancer tissue obtained by excision by surgery or the like, as well as cancer tissue obtained so that it can be handled in vitro for histological examination with an injection needle or endoscope. Point to.
- a culture of an isolate separated from a cancer tissue obtained from an individual as a mass containing three or more cancer cells is obtained by treating a cancer tissue obtained from a cancer generated in vivo. In addition, it refers to those obtained by culturing in vitro an isolated product separated as a mass containing 3 or more cancer cells.
- the culture time is not particularly limited as long as it is present in the medium even for a short time. Such a culture often exhibits a substantially spherical shape or an elliptical sphere shape by culturing for a certain period, preferably 3 hours or more.
- the culture here includes a substantially spherical or elliptical spherical culture after elapse of a certain period of time, and an amorphous culture up to that. Further, an indefinite shape obtained by further dividing such a substantially spherical or elliptical spherical culture, and a substantially spherical or elliptical spherical product by further culture are also cultures referred to herein.
- the cancer tissue-derived cell mass of the present invention is “capable of maintaining proliferation ability” at a temperature of 37 ° C. and 5% CO 2 incubator at least 10 days or more, preferably 13 It means that the growth ability can be maintained for a period of more than 30 days, more preferably more than 30 days.
- Such a cancer tissue-derived cell mass can retain its proliferative ability for a period of 10 days or more, preferably 13 days or more, more preferably 30 days or more by continuing the culture as it is. By performing the mechanical division, the proliferation ability can be maintained substantially indefinitely.
- Machine division can be performed using a scalpel, knife, scissors, ophthalmic sword, and the like. Alternatively, it can also be performed by attaching an injection needle to the syringe and repeating the suction and discharge of the cancer tissue-derived cell mass together with the culture solution.
- a 1 ml syringe and a 27G needle are preferably used in the present invention, but are not limited thereto.
- the medium for culturing the cell mass derived from the cancer tissue of the present invention is not particularly limited, but an animal cell culture medium is preferably used. Particularly preferably, a serum-free medium for stem cell culture is used. Such a serum-free medium is not limited as long as it is used for culturing stem cells.
- a serum-free medium refers to a medium that does not contain unprepared or unpurified serum, and can be used after adding purified blood-derived components or animal tissue-derived components (for example, growth factors).
- the serum-free medium of the present invention can be prepared using a medium used for culturing animal cells as a basal medium.
- the basal medium include BME medium, BGJb medium, CMRL 1066 medium, Glasgow MEM medium, Improved MEM Zinc Option medium, IMDM medium, Medium 199 medium, Eagle MEM medium, ⁇ MEM medium, DMEM medium, RPMI 1640 medium, Fischer's medium. , And combinations thereof.
- the serum tissue-derived cell mass of the present invention can be cultured by adding a serum substitute to such a serum-free medium.
- Serum substitutes contain, for example, albumin, amino acids (eg, non-essential amino acids), transferrin, fatty acids, insulin, collagen precursors, trace elements, 2-mercaptoethanol or 3 ′ thiolglycerol, or equivalents thereof as appropriate. Can be.
- a commercially available serum substitute can be used.
- examples of such commercially available serum substitutes include Knockout Serum Replacement (KSR), Chemically-defined Lipid Concentrated Fatty Acid Concentrate (Gibco) and Glutamax (Gibco).
- the medium for culturing the cancer tissue-derived cell mass of the present invention can also contain vitamins, growth factors, cytokines, antioxidants, pyruvate, buffers, inorganic salts, and the like.
- any serum-free medium such as a serum-free medium containing EGF and bFGF, such as a serum-free medium containing a serum substitute such as knockout serum replacement (KSR, manufactured by Invitrogen) and bFGF can be preferably used.
- the content of serum substitute or EGF is preferably 10-30% w / v of the whole medium.
- Such a medium is not limited, but a commercially available product includes a serum-free medium (Gibco) for STTEMPRO human ES cells.
- the incubator used for culturing the cell mass derived from cancer tissue is not particularly limited as long as it can generally cultivate animal cells.
- flask, tissue culture flask, dish, petri dish, tissue culture A dish, a multi-dish, a microplate, a microwell plate, a multiplate, a multiwell plate, a chamber slide, a petri dish, a tube, a tray, a culture bag, and a roller bottle can be mentioned.
- the incubator is preferably non-adherent and three-dimensionally cultured in the presence of a cell support substrate such as an extracellular matrix (ECM) in the medium.
- a cell support substrate such as an extracellular matrix (ECM) in the medium.
- ECM extracellular matrix
- the cell support matrix may be intended for adhesion of cell mass derived from cancer tissue.
- cell supporting substrates include matrigel using an extracellular matrix, such as collagen gel, gelatin, poly-L-lysine, poly-D-lysine, laminin, and fibronectin. Such conditions are suitably used particularly when it is desired to grow the cancer tissue-derived cell mass of the present invention.
- the culture temperature is not limited, but is preferably about 30 to 40 ° C. Most preferably, it is 37 degreeC.
- the CO 2 concentration is, for example, about 1 to 10%, preferably about 2 to 5%.
- the cancer tissue-derived cell mass of the present invention can be cultured in such a medium and culture conditions. Furthermore, depending on the individual nature of the cell mass derived from the cancer tissue, co-culture with other cells may be preferable, or the presence of additional special supplements such as hormones may be necessary.
- co-culture may be performed together with feeder cells.
- feeder cells stromal cells such as fetal fibroblasts can be used.
- NIH3T3 or the like is preferable.
- hormones for specific types of breast cancer, uterine cancer, and prostate cancer, it is preferable to culture in the presence of hormones.
- hormones Specifically, estrogen for breast cancer, progesterone for uterine cancer, testosterone for prostate cancer, and the like, but not limited thereto, various hormones can be added to conveniently adjust the culture conditions.
- the cancer tissue-derived cell mass of the present invention can also be cultured in suspension culture.
- suspension culture a cancer tissue-derived cell mass is cultured in a medium under conditions that are non-adherent to the incubator.
- suspension culture include embryoid body culture methods (Keller et al., Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 7, 862-869 (1995)), SFEB method (eg, Watanabe et al., Nature Neuroscience 8, 288- 296 (2005); International Publication No. 2005/123902).
- it can be used, for example, when forming or maintaining a stable cell mass derived from a cancer tissue having a substantially spherical shape and sometimes a basement membrane.
- the cancer tissue-derived cell mass of the present invention includes a product immediately after being separated from the individual cancer tissue-derived cell mass, a product after refrigeration and freezing storage, and a culture thereof.
- the culture can be performed for a period of preferably 3 hours or longer, more preferably 10 hours to 36 hours, and even more preferably 24 hours to 36 hours or longer.
- the number of cancer cells constituting the cancer tissue-derived cell cluster is at least 3 or more, preferably 8 or more, more preferably 10 or more, still more preferably 20 or more, and most preferably 50 or more.
- the cancer tissue-derived cell mass of the present invention is a separated substance, it is preferably 1000 or less, more preferably about 500 or less.
- the number can be increased by culturing. However, even if it is a culture, it is preferably 10,000 or less, more preferably 5000 or less.
- cancer cell is used in a commonly used meaning, and refers to a disordered order of cells found in normal cells such as unlimited division / proliferation and deviation from apoptosis in vivo. More specifically, it refers to a cell that has lost its cell growth control function or is extremely attenuated, and typically has acquired infinite growth ability with a frequency of 80% or more, many of which also have invasive metastatic ability. It often means that it is a cell that is positioned as a malignant neoplasm that leads to death, including humans, especially mammals.
- the type of cancer tissue derived is not particularly limited, and lymphoma, blastoma, sarcoma, liposarcoma, neuroendocrine tumor, mesothelioma, schwannoma, meningioma occurring in animals including mammals Adenomas, melanomas, leukemias, lymphoid malignancies, and the like, and cancers that occur in mammalian epithelial cells are particularly preferable.
- Non-small cell lung cancer hepatocellular carcinoma, biliary tract cancer, esophageal cancer, stomach cancer, colorectal cancer, pancreatic cancer, cervical cancer, ovarian cancer, endometrial cancer, bladder cancer
- Examples include pharyngeal cancer, breast cancer, salivary gland cancer, renal cancer, prostate cancer, labial cancer, anal cancer, penile cancer, testicular cancer, thyroid cancer, and head and neck cancer.
- animals including mammals, but animals belonging to primates including monkeys and humans, animals belonging to rodents such as mice, squirrels and rats, animals belonging to rabbits, cats such as dogs and cats, etc. An animal belonging to the eye is exemplified.
- colon cancer tissue origin in particular, colon cancer tissue origin, ovarian cancer tissue origin, breast cancer tissue origin, lung cancer tissue origin, prostate cancer tissue origin, kidney cancer tissue origin, bladder cancer tissue origin, pharyngeal cancer tissue origin, or pancreatic cancer
- colon cancer tissue origin in particular, colon cancer tissue origin, ovarian cancer tissue origin, breast cancer tissue origin, lung cancer tissue origin, prostate cancer tissue origin, kidney cancer tissue origin, bladder cancer tissue origin, pharyngeal cancer tissue origin, or pancreatic cancer
- it is especially preferable that it is derived it is not limited.
- cancer cells contained are not particularly limited, but may express CD133.
- the separation treatment of cancer tissue obtained from cancer that has occurred in vivo includes, but is not limited to, enzymatic treatment of cancer tissue obtained from an individual.
- the enzyme treatment may be treatment with one of collagenase, trypsin, papain, hyaluronidase, C. histolyticum neutral protease, thermolysin, and dispase, or a combination of two or more thereof.
- Enzymatic treatment conditions include isotonic salt solutions buffered to a physiologically acceptable pH, such as about 6-8, preferably about 7.2-7.6, such as PBS or Hanks balanced salt solution, For example, at about 20-40 ° C., preferably about 25-39 ° C., for a time sufficient to degrade connective tissue, such as about 1-180 minutes, preferably 30-150 minutes, a concentration sufficient for this purpose, eg about It may be 0.0001-5% w / v, preferably about 0.001% -0.5% w / v.
- the conditions for the enzyme treatment include treatment with a mixed enzyme containing collagenase.
- a mixed enzyme containing collagenase For example, a mixture comprising one or more proteases selected from the group consisting of C. histolyticum neutral protease, thermolysin, and dispase; and one or more collagenases selected from the group consisting of collagenase I, collagenase II, and collagenase IV Enzymatic treatment is included.
- Such mixed enzymes include, but are not limited to, Liberase Blendzyme 1 (registered trademark) and the like.
- the cancer tissue-derived cell mass of the present invention may alternatively include three or more cancer cell aggregates and exhibit a substantially spherical shape or an elliptical spherical shape.
- it may include a basement membrane-like substance existing on the outer peripheral surface of the cancer cell aggregate.
- the cancer cells forming the aggregate may have one or more surface antigens selected from the group consisting of CD133, CD44, CD166, CD117, CD24, and ESA on the cell surface.
- CD133, CD44, CD166, CD117, CD24, and ESA are generally surface antigens expressed on cells such as leukocytes such as lymphocytes, fibroblasts, epithelial cells, and tumor cells. These surface antigens are involved in various signal transductions in addition to their function as cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesion, but are also surface markers for various stem cells.
- a cell group when a cell group “expresses” a surface antigen such as CD133, 80% or more, preferably 90% or more, more preferably substantially all of the cells present in the cell group are surface antigens. Indicates the state.
- the “basement membrane-like substance” is not limited, but preferably contains at least one of collagen, laminin, nidogen, proteoglycan such as heparan sulfate proteoglycan, and glycoprotein such as fibronectin. Refers to a substance.
- a basement membrane-like material containing laminin is preferable.
- Laminin is a high molecular glycoprotein that constitutes the basement membrane.
- the functions of laminin are diverse and are involved in cell functions such as cell adhesion, signal transduction, proliferation of normal cells and cancer cells.
- Laminin has a structure in which each of three different subunits is linked by a disulfide bond, and 11 types are found depending on the different types of each subunit.
- laminin 5 is usually produced only from epithelial cells and is known as a component having an activity of promoting the adhesion of epithelial cells to the basement membrane and the motor function.
- This laminin 5 has a structure in which each one of ⁇ 3 chain, ⁇ 3 chain, and ⁇ 2 chain forms a complex.
- ⁇ 2 chain is considered to be unique to LN5 and is not included in other LN molecular species. Absent.
- the cancer tissue-derived cell mass of the present invention may have a configuration in which the outer periphery of an aggregate of cancer cells is entirely wrapped in a film formed by such a basement membrane-like substance.
- Such morphology can be analyzed by observing cancer tissue-derived cell clusters with an electron microscope, immunostaining of basement membrane components, or a combination of both.
- laminin can be detected, for example, by contacting an antibody recognizing laminin, for example, a mouse laminin-derived rabbit antibody of Sigma-Aldrich and a cell mass derived from cancer tissue, and measuring the antibody antigen reaction.
- an antibody recognizing laminin for example, a mouse laminin-derived rabbit antibody of Sigma-Aldrich and a cell mass derived from cancer tissue, and measuring the antibody antigen reaction.
- laminin 5 can be detected by, for example, contacting an antibody having reactivity to the above-described unique ⁇ 2 chain or a fragment thereof with a cell mass derived from cancer tissue and measuring the reaction of the antibody. it can.
- a thin membrane-like basement membrane-like material is formed on the order of several ⁇ m, preferably about 40 to 120 nm, although there is no limitation.
- the size of the cell mass derived from the cancer tissue of the present invention is not limited, and includes an irregular shape having a particle size or a volume average particle size of about 8 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m. Also included.
- the diameter is preferably 40 ⁇ m to 1000 ⁇ m, more preferably 40 ⁇ m to 250 ⁇ m, and still more preferably 80 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m.
- the cancer tissue-derived cell mass of the present invention often has one or more sequences selected from the group consisting of a shelf-like array, a sheet-like array, a multi-layered array, and a syncytial array, but is not particularly limited.
- the cancer tissue-derived cell mass of the present invention is typically a step of subjecting a fragment of cancer tissue excised from a living body to an enzyme treatment; and a mass containing 3 or more cancer cells among the enzyme-treated products.
- the cancer tissue-derived cell mass of the present invention can be prepared by a method including a step of culturing the components thus collected for 3 hours or more.
- cancer tissue removed from a living body can be fragmented as it is, and can be first maintained in an animal cell culture medium before fragmentation.
- animal cell culture media include, but are not limited to, Dulbecco's MEM (such as DMEM F12), Eagle MEMM, RPMI, Ham's F12, Alpha MEM, Iskov modified Dulbecco and the like.
- suspension culture is preferably performed in a cell non-adhesive incubator.
- Cancer tissue is also preferably washed prior to fragmentation.
- washing includes, but is not limited to, acetate buffer (acetate + sodium acetate), phosphate buffer (phosphate + sodium phosphate), citrate buffer (citrate + sodium citrate), boric acid
- a buffer solution such as a buffer solution, a tartrate buffer solution, a Tris buffer solution, or a phosphate buffered saline can be used.
- it is particularly preferable that the tissue can be washed in HBSS. The appropriate number of washings is 1 to 3 times.
- Shredding can be performed by dividing the tissue after washing with a knife, scissors, cutter (manual, automatic), or the like.
- the size and shape after the fragmentation are not particularly limited and can be performed randomly, but it is preferably a uniform size of 1 mm to 5 mm square, more preferably 1 mm to 2 mm square.
- Such an enzyme treatment may be a treatment with one of collagenase, trypsin, papain, hyaluronidase, C.lytichistolyticum neutral protease, thermolysin, and dispase, or a combination of two or more thereof.
- Enzymatic treatment conditions include isotonic salt solutions buffered to a physiologically acceptable pH, such as about 6-8, preferably about 7.2-7.6, such as PBS or Hanks balanced salt solution, For example, at about 20-40 ° C., preferably about 25-39 ° C., for a time sufficient to degrade connective tissue, such as about 1-180 minutes, preferably 30-150 minutes, a concentration sufficient for this purpose, eg about It may be 0.0001-5% w / v, preferably about 0.001% -0.5% w / v.
- the enzyme treatment condition may be, for example, treatment with a mixed enzyme containing collagenase. More preferably, one or more proteases selected from the group consisting of C. histolyticum neutral protease, thermolysin, and dispase; and one or more collagenases selected from the group consisting of collagenase I, collagenase II, and collagenase IV Treatment with a mixed enzyme containing.
- Such mixed enzymes include, but are not limited to, Liberase Blendzyme 1 (registered trademark) and the like.
- the method of sorting and collecting is not particularly limited, and any method known to those skilled in the art for distributing the size can be used.
- the size distribution method is not particularly limited as long as it is a visual separation, separation with a phase-contrast microscope, or a sieve.
- a sieve it is preferable to collect components that pass through a sieve mesh size of 20 ⁇ m and do not pass through 500 ⁇ m. More preferably, components that pass through a sieve mesh size of 40 ⁇ m and do not pass through 250 ⁇ m are recovered.
- the mass containing three or more cancer cells to be selected is the cancer tissue-derived cell mass of the present invention, and has a certain range of sizes.
- the size within a certain range includes small particles having a volume average particle diameter of about 8 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m, but in the case of a nearly spherical shape, the diameter is 20 ⁇ m to 500 ⁇ m, preferably 30 ⁇ m to 400 ⁇ m, more preferably 40 ⁇ m to 250 ⁇ m,
- the major axis is 20 ⁇ m or more and 500 ⁇ m or less, preferably 30 ⁇ m or more and 400 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 40 ⁇ m or more and 250 ⁇ m or less
- the volume average particle diameter is 20 ⁇ m or more and 500 ⁇ m or less, preferably 30 ⁇ m or more and 400 ⁇ m or less.
- the volume average particle diameter can be measured by evaluating the particle size distribution and particle shape using a phase contrast microscope (IX70; manufactured by Olympus Corporation) with a CCD camera.
- the culture may be one in which the separated and collected components are present in the medium for a short time, for example, at least 3 hours or more, preferably 10 hours or more and 36 hours, more preferably 24 hours. By culturing for a period of ⁇ 36 hours or more, it may have a substantially spherical shape or a substantially elliptical spherical shape.
- the culture time may exceed 36 hours, and several days, 10 days or more, 13 days or more, or 30 days or more may have elapsed.
- Cultivation can be carried out as it is for a long time in the medium, but it is preferable that the proliferation ability can be maintained substantially infinitely by periodically performing mechanical division during the cultivation.
- the thus obtained cancer tissue-derived cell mass of the present invention exhibits the same behavior as cancer tissue in vivo in vitro, can be stably cultured, and retains the proliferation ability. Therefore, it is useful, for example, for identifying the types of existing drugs to which the obtained tumor derived from cancer tissue is sensitive, or for confirming the sensitivity to radiation individually for each patient.
- drug or radiosensitivity any known method can be used and is not limited.
- Drug sensitivity can be performed by measuring the proliferation rate of cell mass derived from cancer tissue in vitro. Such measurement includes, for example, visually observing the number of viable cells after addition of the test drug, several hours or several days later together with a control example, image analysis after photographing with a CCD camera, or included in each cell. Colorimetric measurement of the amount of protein by staining with a protein-binding dye (for example, sulforhodamine B) is included.
- a protein-binding dye for example, sulforhodamine B
- Such a cancer tissue-derived cell mass is also useful for screening unknown drugs.
- unknown drug sensitivity can also be determined by measuring the proliferation rate of cell mass derived from cancer tissue in vitro or by determining whether cells are alive or dead.
- the proliferation rate for example, the number of viable cells after several hours or days after the addition of the test drug is visually observed together with a control example, image analysis is performed after taking a CCD camera, or included in each cell. Colorimetric measurement as protein amount by staining with the protein-binding dye sulforhodamine B, measurement of SD (Succinyl dehidrogenase) activity, and the like are included.
- Test compound susceptibility measurement data for all human cultured cells ie, the concentration that inhibits cell growth by 50% (GI 50 ), the concentration that apparently suppresses cell growth (TGI), and the number of cells is reduced to 50% at the time of seeding. It is possible to perform information processing by calculating the concentration (LC 50 ) and the like.
- the GI 50 , TGI, and LC 50 values are values specific to the cancer tissue-derived cell mass to be tested.
- the overall average GI 50 , TGI, and LC 50 values are obtained, the difference between this average value and the Log GI 50 value in each individual cell is obtained, and they are converted into absolute values based on the average Log GI 50 value and made positive or negative. Is written. The larger the positive value, the more sensitive the drug can be judged.
- the radiosensitivity test using the cancer tissue-derived cell mass of the present invention includes X-rays, gamma rays using a radioactive isotope of cobalt as a radiation source, particle beams obtained by accelerating an electron beam with a linear accelerator, a cyclotron, etc.
- a known test is used in which a heavy particle beam such as ⁇ -ray taken out is used alone or in combination with a radiosensitizer.
- the cancer tissue-derived cell mass of the present invention has a high degree of colonization in transplantation into a heterologous animal even when, for example, 10 or less cancer tissue-derived cell masses having a diameter of 100 micrometers (corresponding to 1000 cells or less) are used. Therefore, the cancer tissue-derived cell mass of the present invention is useful for easy preparation of cancer model animals such as mice, and more rigorous verification of cancer tissues, evaluation of drug sensitivity, or treatment including radiotherapy. Evaluation of an aspect is attained.
- the cancer tissue-derived cell mass of the present invention can be stored frozen and can retain its proliferative ability under normal storage conditions.
- the cancer tissue-derived cell mass of the present invention can be cryopreserved in a culturable state in vitro and can be used for a wide range of applications. And it can be made to proliferate by culture
- cancer tissue-derived cell mass obtained from each patient can predict the effects of drugs and radiation therapy in advance, and only effective drugs can be administered to patients become. Furthermore, since the cancer tissue-derived cell mass of the present invention can be of a size that can be collected with an injection needle, it can also be obtained from a patient before surgery, and it can be obtained from a cancer drug or radiation in a state where the burden on the patient is small. It is also possible to predict the effects of treatment.
- Example 1 Preparation of cancer tissue-derived cell mass from mouse colon cancer transplanted tumor
- a mouse colon cancer transplanted tumor was prepared by the xenotransplantation method as follows.
- a surgically removed specimen of a human tumor (colon cancer) is cut into approximately 2 mm cubes under aseptic operation.
- a small incision of about 5 mm is made on the back of severely immunodeficient mice (nude mice, preferably NOD / SCID mice), and the subcutaneous tissue is exfoliated.
- the prepared tumor piece is inserted subcutaneously, it is closed with a skin suture clip.
- the obtained colon cancer mice were bred under SPF (specific pathogen free) breeding conditions, and when the tumor became 1 cm in size, the tumor was removed and 20 ml of DMEM (Gibco; 11965-092) + 1% Pen Strep ( Gibco; 15140-022) (both 100 units / ml penicillin and 100 ⁇ g / ml as final concentrations) were collected in a 50 ml centrifuge tube (IWAKI; 2345-050).
- SPF specific pathogen free
- HBSS HBSS
- HBSS tissue culture bowl dish
- the tumor piece from which the necrotic tissue was removed was transferred to a new 10 cm dish containing 30 ml of HBSS. Next, the tumor piece was cut into about 2 mm square using a surgical knife.
- the tumor debris together with HBSS was transferred to a new 50 ml centrifuge tube, centrifuged, and the supernatant was discarded and washed with 20 ml HBSS by inversion mixing.
- Blendzyme 1 (Roche; 11988417001) was added and mixed. This was transferred to a 100 ml Erlenmeyer flask and treated with Liberase Blendzyme 1 (Roche Diagnostics) for 2 hours while rotating the stirrer at low speed in a 37 ° C constant temperature bath.
- the enzyme-treated product was collected in a 50 ml centrifuge tube, centrifuged, the supernatant was discarded, and 20 ml HBSS was added and mixed.
- the components that passed through the stainless steel mesh (500 ⁇ m) and passed through the filter were collected in a 50 ml centrifuge tube, and further subjected to centrifugation. Discard the supernatant, add 1 mg / ml DNaseI solution (Roche; 1284932) (10 mg / ml stock 100 ⁇ l + PBS 900 ⁇ l), mix at 4 ° C for 5 minutes, add 20 ml HBSS and mix. Centrifugation was performed and the supernatant was discarded.
- FIG. 1 it changes from an irregular shape to a well-formed sphere with the passage of time, is substantially spherical after at least 3 to 6 hours, and is completely spherical after 24 hours. A derived cell mass was obtained.
- Example 2 Preparation of cancer tissue-derived cell mass from human colorectal cancer surgical specimen
- a cancer tissue-derived cell mass was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a colorectal cancer surgical specimen was used.
- a substantially spherical cancer tissue-derived cell cluster similar to that in FIG. 1 was obtained after at least 12 hours.
- Example 3 Preparation of cancer tissue-derived cell mass from human ovarian cancer surgical specimen
- a cancer tissue-derived cell mass was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the ovarian cancer surgical specimen was used.
- FIG. 7 a substantially spherical cancer tissue-derived cell cluster similar to that in FIG. 1 was obtained after at least 12 hours.
- Example 4 Preparation of cancer tissue-derived cell mass from human pancreatic cancer surgical specimen
- a cancer tissue-derived cell mass was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2 except that a pancreatic cancer surgical specimen was used.
- a substantially spherical cancer tissue-derived cell cluster similar to that in FIG. 1 was obtained after at least 12 hours.
- Example 5 Preparation of cancer tissue-derived cell mass from human small cell carcinoma surgical specimen
- a cancer tissue-derived cell mass was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2 except that a small cell cancer surgical specimen which is a type of lung cancer was used.
- a substantially spherical cancer tissue-derived cell cluster similar to that in FIG. 1 was obtained after at least 12 hours.
- Example 6 Preparation of cancer tissue-derived cell mass from human renal cancer surgical specimen
- a cancer tissue-derived cell mass was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2 except that a renal cancer surgical specimen was used.
- FIG. 7 a substantially spherical cancer tissue-derived cell cluster similar to that in FIG. 1 was obtained after at least 12 hours.
- Example 7 Preparation of cancer tissue-derived cell mass from human bladder cancer surgical specimen
- a cancer tissue-derived cell mass was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2 except that a bladder cancer surgical specimen was used.
- a substantially spherical cancer tissue-derived cell cluster similar to that in FIG. 1 was obtained after at least 12 hours.
- Example 8 Preparation of cancer tissue-derived cell mass from human breast cancer surgical specimen
- a cancer tissue-derived cell mass was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2 except that a breast cancer surgical specimen was used.
- a substantially spherical cancer tissue-derived cell cluster similar to that in FIG. 1 was obtained after at least 12 hours.
- Example 9 (Preparation of cancer tissue-derived cell mass from human prostate cancer surgical specimen) A tissue-derived cell mass was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2 except that a prostate cancer surgical specimen was used. To the culture medium, dihydrotestosterone (DHT) at a concentration of 10 ⁇ 8 mol / L was added and cultured in the same manner as in Example 1. As a result, as shown in FIG. 7, a substantially spherical cancer tissue-derived cell cluster similar to that in FIG. 1 was obtained after at least 12 hours.
- DHT dihydrotestosterone
- Example 10 Preparation of cancer tissue-derived cell mass from human pharyngeal cancer surgical specimen
- a cancer tissue-derived cell mass was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the pharyngeal cancer surgical specimen was used.
- FIG. 7 a substantially spherical cancer tissue-derived cell cluster similar to that in FIG. 1 was obtained after at least 12 hours.
- Example 11 (Hormone sensitivity test of breast cancer-derived cancer tissue-derived cell mass) Under the same medium conditions as in Example 8, it was investigated how the state of cell mass derived from breast cancer tissue obtained from a plurality of patients differed with or without estradiol. As a result, as shown in FIG. 8, it was found that there were cases where growth was promoted by the addition of estradiol and cases that did not respond to estradiol. It was found that it can be applied as a susceptibility test when hormonal therapy is performed on the patient from whom it originated.
- RipTag is a transgenic mouse in which SV40-T antigen is forcibly expressed under the control of the rat insulin promoter. Tumors develop in islets.
- a cancer tissue-derived cell mass was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the islet tumor of the RipTag mouse was used. As a result, at least 12 hours later, a substantially spherical cancer tissue-derived cell mass similar to that shown in FIG. 1 was obtained (FIG. 9).
- Example 13 The cell mass derived from the cancer tissue obtained in Example 2 and cultured in the culture shown in FIG. 7 was taken out 24 ml after culture with 5 ml of the medium, centrifuged at 1000 rpm at 4 ° C., and the supernatant was discarded.
- the collected cancer tissue-derived cell mass is suspended in a cell banker (BLC-1, manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Medicine), 10 ⁇ M Y27632 (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) is further added, and a cryopreservation tube (Cryogenic vials 2.0) is added.
- ml manufactured by Nalge Nunc
- the sample was warmed briefly in a 37 ° C water bath. This was suspended in PBS, further centrifuged at 1000 rpm at 4 ° C., and the supernatant was discarded. The obtained precipitate was suspended in StemPro (manufactured by Invitro) and cultured. As shown in FIG. 10, the state of the cells 24 hours after thawing was good.
- the survival of the obtained cancer tissue-derived cell mass was confirmed by transplanting it into NOD-SCID mice as a mass containing about 1000 cells.
- the cell mass derived from the cancer tissue obtained in Example 1 was dispersed into single cells using trypsin / EDTA. These cells were reacted with a surface antigen-specific antibody labeled with fluorescence, and then analyzed by flow cytometry. As a result, as shown in FIG. 2, the presence of cells that uniformly and simultaneously express the surface antigen was observed.
- the cell mass derived from the cancer tissue obtained in Example 1 was cultured for 3 days in 1 cc of a serum-free medium (Gibco) for STEMPRO human ES cells under the conditions of 37 ° C. and 5% CO 2 incubator. This was fixed in formalin, embedded in paraffin, sliced, and stained with anti-laminin antibody (Sigma-Aldrich, mouse laminin-derived rabbit antibody) according to the manufacturer's instructions. Laminin antigenicity was observed in the cytoplasm of the cells near the periphery. Accordingly, it was found that the cancer tissue-derived cell mass of the present invention was surrounded by laminin around the cancer cell aggregate. On the other hand, the expression of laminin could not be confirmed 24 hours after the surgical specimen treatment.
- a serum-free medium Gibco
- anti-laminin antibody Sigma-Aldrich, mouse laminin-derived rabbit antibody
- Example of detection of hypoxia using pimonidazole The nitroimidazole compound, pimonidazole, has the property of forming adducts with proteins and nucleic acids in the absence of oxygen.
- the hypoxic region of the tissue treated with pimonidazole under hypoxia can be recognized using an antibody that specifically recognizes pimonidazole.
- a hypoxic region appears about 100 micrometers away from the blood vessel, but the cancer tissue-derived cell mass obtained in Example 1 also has a hypoxic region on the inside with a boundary of about 100 micrometers from the outer edge. Cell death was observed.
- Example 1 The proliferation ability of the cancer tissue-derived cell mass in vitro was verified as follows.
- the state of the cells was regularly observed, and the size was measured with a phase contrast microscope (40 times magnification) equipped with a CCD camera. As a result, as shown in FIG. 3, the proliferation ability could be maintained for at least 13 days without mechanical division. Furthermore, when mechanical division was performed on the 13th day, it was confirmed that the proliferation ability was maintained for at least 13 days.
- the mechanical division was performed by dividing a cancer tissue-derived cell mass having a diameter of 500 micrometers into four with an ophthalmic sharp knife.
- ⁇ Drug sensitivity test> A drug susceptibility test using the sample of Example 2 was performed using 5-FU, which is known to bind to thymidylate synthase, which is a metabolic process necessary for DNA synthesis, and inhibit DNA synthesis.
- 5-FU a cell mass derived from a cancer tissue
- Example 2 Ten cell culture-derived cell masses of about 100 micrometers in diameter obtained in Example 2 and cultured for 3 days according to the present invention were suspended in Matrigel (BD) and administered subcutaneously to the back of NOD-SCID mice. . Tumor formation was evaluated by measuring tumor size over time. As a result, significant tumor formation was observed in the mouse individuals transplanted with the cancer tissue-derived cell mass of Example 2 of the present invention, and it was confirmed that the cancer tissue-derived cell mass of the present invention has a high tumor-forming ability. . When this tissue was analyzed, it was found that a similar tissue type was obtained between a tumor formed by transplanting into a mouse and a tumor existing in the living body (FIG. 5).
- a collagen gel CellMatrix type IA (Nitta Gelatin): 5x DMEM (Gibco; 12100-038)
- Embedded in a liquid 50 mM NaOH, 260 mM NaHCO3, 200
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Abstract
Description
該酵素処理物のうち3個以上の癌細胞を含む塊を選別回収する工程
を含む、癌組織由来細胞塊の調製方法、に関する。
(マウス大腸癌移植腫瘍からの癌組織由来細胞塊の調製)
マウス大腸癌移植腫瘍を、以下のように異種移植法にて作製した。
(ヒト大腸癌手術検体からの癌組織由来細胞塊の調製)
大腸癌手術検体を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にして癌組織由来細胞塊を取得した。この結果、図7に示す通り、少なくとも12時間後には図1と同様のほぼ球形状の癌組織由来細胞塊が得られた。
(ヒト卵巣癌手術検体からの癌組織由来細胞塊の調製)
卵巣癌手術検体を用いた以外は、実施例2と同様にして癌組織由来細胞塊を取得した。この結果、図7に示す通り、少なくとも12時間後には図1と同様のほぼ球形状の癌組織由来細胞塊が得られた。
(ヒトすい臓癌手術検体からの癌組織由来細胞塊の調製)
すい臓癌手術検体を用いた以外は、実施例2と同様にして癌組織由来細胞塊を取得した。この結果、図7に示す通り、少なくとも12時間後には図1と同様のほぼ球形状の癌組織由来細胞塊が得られた。
(ヒト小細胞癌手術検体からの癌組織由来細胞塊の調製)
肺癌の一種である小細胞癌手術検体を用いた以外は、実施例2と同様にして癌組織由来細胞塊を取得した。この結果、図7に示す通り、少なくとも12時間後には図1と同様のほぼ球形状の癌組織由来細胞塊が得られた。
(ヒト腎癌手術検体からの癌組織由来細胞塊の調製)
腎癌手術検体を用いた以外は、実施例2と同様にして癌組織由来細胞塊を取得した。この結果、図7に示す通り、少なくとも12時間後には図1と同様のほぼ球形状の癌組織由来細胞塊が得られた。
(ヒト膀胱癌手術検体からの癌組織由来細胞塊の調製)
膀胱癌手術検体を用いた以外は、実施例2と同様にして癌組織由来細胞塊を取得した。この結果、図7に示す通り、少なくとも12時間後には図1と同様のほぼ球形状の癌組織由来細胞塊が得られた。
(ヒト乳癌手術検体からの癌組織由来細胞塊の調製)
乳癌手術検体を用いた以外は、実施例2と同様にして癌組織由来細胞塊を取得した。この結果、図7に示す通り、少なくとも12時間後には図1と同様のほぼ球形状の癌組織由来細胞塊が得られた。
(ヒト前立腺癌手術検体からの癌組織由来細胞塊の調製)
前立腺癌手術検体を用いた以外は、実施例2と同様にして組織由来細胞塊を取得した。培養培地に、10-8モル/L濃度のジヒドロテストステロン(DHT)を添加し、実施例1と同様に培養した。この結果、図7に示す通り、少なくとも12時間後には図1と同様のほぼ球形状の癌組織由来細胞塊が得られた。
(ヒト咽頭癌手術検体からの癌組織由来細胞塊の調製)
咽頭癌手術検体を用いた以外は、実施例2と同様にして癌組織由来細胞塊を取得した。この結果、図7に示す通り、少なくとも12時間後には図1と同様のほぼ球形状の癌組織由来細胞塊が得られた。
(乳癌由来癌組織由来細胞塊のホルモン感受性試験)
実施例8と同じ培地条件で、エストラジオールの有無で、複数の患者から得られた乳癌組織由来細胞塊の状態がどのように異なるかを調べた。その結果、図8に示す通り、エストラジオールの添加で増殖が促進する症例と、エストラジオールに反応しない症例とがあることがわかった。由来する患者のホルモン療法を行う際の感受性試験として応用できることがわかった。
(マウス膵島腫瘍からの癌組織由来細胞塊の調製)
RipTagはラットインスリンプロモーターの支配下にSV40-T antigenを強制発現させたトランスジェニックマウスで、膵島に腫瘍が発生する。RipTagマウスの膵島腫瘍を用いた以外は、実施例2と同様にして癌組織由来細胞塊を取得した。この結果、少なくとも12時間後には図1と同様のほぼ球形状の癌組織由来細胞塊が得られた(図9)。
実施例2で得られ、図7に示す培養中の癌組織由来細胞塊を培養後24時間で、培地と共に5ml取り出し、1000rpm、4℃にて遠心分離し、上清を捨てた。回収した癌組織由来細胞塊をセルバンカー(BLC-1、三菱化学メディスン社製)に懸濁し、さらに、10μMのY27632(和光純薬工業社製)を加え、冷凍保存チューブ(Cryogenic vials 2.0 ml、Nalge Nunc社製)に移して、-80℃ディープフリーザーで保存した。
ヒト大腸癌手術検体を用いて、文献記載の方法(Todaro Mら(2007)Colon cancer stem cells dictate tumor growth and resist cell death by production of interleukin-4. Cell Stem Cell 1:389-402)に従い単細胞にまで処理した試料を調製した。しかしながら、単細胞処理して選別したCD133陽性細胞は、インビトロでの増殖が見出せなかった。
実施例1で得られた癌組織由来細胞塊を温度37℃、5%CO2インキュベーターの培養条件下で、STEMPROヒトES細胞用無血清培地(Gibco)1ccで3日間培養を行った。これをホルマリン固定後パラフィン包埋し、薄切して抗ラミニン抗体染色(シグマ-アルドリッチ社製、マウスラミニン由来ラビット抗体)を、製造元の指示書に従って行ったところ、癌組織由来細胞塊の外周および、外周に近い細胞の細胞質内にラミニンの抗原性が観察された。これによって、本発明の癌組織由来細胞塊は、癌細胞の集合体の周辺をラミニンが取り囲んでいることが判明した。一方、手術検体処理後24時間ではラミニンの発現は確認できなかった。
ピモニダゾールを用いた低酸素の検知の例
ニトロイミダゾール系化合物ピモニダゾールは酸素非存在下では蛋白や核酸とAdductを形成する特性を持つ。低酸素下でピモニダゾール処理された組織の低酸素領域は、ピモニダゾールを特異的に認識する抗体を用いて認識することができる。癌組織では血管から約100マイクロメーター離れると低酸素領域が出現するが、実施例1で得られた癌組織由来細胞塊でも外縁より約100マイクロメーターを境にして内部は低酸素領域で、広範な細胞死が観察された。
インビトロにおける癌組織由来細胞塊の増殖能は、以下のようにして検証した。実施例1で得られた癌組織由来細胞塊をコラーゲンゲル(CellMatrix type IA(Nitta Gelatin):5x DMEM (Gibco;12100-038):ゲル再構成用緩衝液(50mM NaOH, 260mM NaHCO3, 200mM HEPES)=7:2:1)に×10個ずつ包埋し、温度37℃、5%CO2インキュベーターの培養条件下で、STEMPROヒトES細胞用無血清培地(Gibco)1ccで培養を行った。定期的に細胞の状態を観察し、CCDカメラを装着した位相差顕微鏡(倍率40倍)で大きさを測定した。その結果、図3に示すように、機械的分割なしに、少なくとも13日間増殖能を保持することができた。さらに、13日目に機械的分割を行ったところ、さらに少なくとも13日間増殖能を保持していることが確認された。なお、機械的分割は、直径500マイクロメーターの癌組織由来細胞塊を眼科尖刀で4分割することで行った。
実施例1と同様の方法で、100から250μmの癌組織由来細胞塊をトリプシン0. 25%、EDTA2.6mMで3分間処理し、約30回ピペッティングで機械的に分解した。これを96ウェル培養プレート1ウェルに1個の割合で細胞が入るように希釈して分注した。単細胞化されていない細胞塊については構成する細胞数をカウントして記録した。その後培養(同上の条件)をおこない、各ウェルの細胞数の増加を記録し、30日間培養観察をおこなった。その結果、3個の細胞があれば、細胞塊にまで成長できるものもあることが確認された。
DNA合成に必要な代謝過程であるチミジル酸合成酵素と結合しDNA合成を阻害することが知られている5-FUを用いて、実施例2の試料による薬剤感受性試験を行った。試験は、癌組織由来細胞塊をコラーゲンゲル(CellMatrix type IA(Nitta Gelatin):5x DMEM (Gibco;12100-038):ゲル再構成用緩衝液(50mM NaOH, 260mM NaHCO3, 200mM HEPES)=7:2:1)に×10個ずつ包埋し、温度37℃、5%CO2インキュベーターの培養条件下で、STEMPROヒトES細胞用無血清培地(Gibco)1ccで培養を行った。さらに5-FUを0.01μg/ml、0.1μg/ml、1μg/ml、10μg/ml、100μg/mlの濃度で適用し、それぞれ培養0日目と8日目の状態を比較評価した。その結果を、図4に示す。癌組織由来細胞塊の面積に関する増大率について、薬剤非適用培養での面積に関する増大率を1として相対的に表記した。図4において、5-FUの濃度依存的に、培養8日目における癌細胞増殖が抑制されており、本発明の癌組織由来細胞塊が、薬剤感受性試験で有用であることが実際に証明された。
実施例2で得られた本発明の3日間培養した直径約100マイクロメーターの癌組織由来細胞塊 ×10個をMatrigel(BD社)に懸濁して、NOD-SCIDマウスの背部皮下に投与移植した。腫瘍形成の評価は、経時的に腫瘍のサイズを計測することにより行なった。その結果、本発明の実施例2の癌組織由来細胞塊を移植したマウス個体には顕著な腫瘍形成が認められ、本発明の癌組織由来細胞塊が高い腫瘍形成能を有することが確認された。この組織を解析すると、マウスに移植して形成された腫瘍と、生体内に存在していた腫瘍とで類似した組織型が得られていることがわかった(図5)。
実施例2で得られた本発明の使用した直径約100マイクロメーターの癌組織由来細胞塊をコラーゲンゲル(CellMatrix type IA(Nitta Gelatin):5x DMEM (Gibco;12100-038):ゲル再構成用緩衝液(50mM NaOH, 260mM NaHCO3, 200mM HEPES)=7:2:1)に包埋し、温度37℃、5%CO2インキュベーターの培養条件下で、STEMPROヒトES細胞用無血清培地(Gibco)1ccに×10個ずつ接種し、培養を行った。これにコバルトの放射性同位体を線源とするγ線を照射して、塊の状況を確認した。その結果を、図6に示す。図6において、照射線量依依存的に、培養8日目までにおける癌細胞増殖が抑制されており、本発明の癌組織由来細胞塊が、放射線照射試験で有用であることが実際に証明された。
Claims (19)
- 個体から得られた癌組織から3個以上の癌細胞を含む塊として分離処理された分離物またはその培養物であって、
インビトロにおいて、増殖能を保持することができる、
癌組織由来細胞塊。 - 個体から得られた癌組織を、コラゲナーゼを含む酵素で処理する工程を含む方法によって得られる請求項1記載の癌組織由来細胞塊。
- 個体から得られた癌組織を、C. histolyticum neutral protease、thermolysin、およびdispaseからなる群より選択される1種以上のプロテアーゼ;およびコラゲナーゼI、コラゲナーゼII、およびコラゲナーゼIVからなる群より選択される1種以上のコラゲナーゼを含む混合酵素で処理する工程を含む方法によって得られる請求項2記載の癌組織由来細胞塊。
- 前記混合酵素が、リベラーゼブレンザイム1(登録商標)である、請求項3記載の癌組織由来細胞塊。
- 3個以上の癌細胞集合体を含み、略球形あるいは楕円球形を呈する癌組織由来細胞塊。
- 3個以上の癌細胞集合体:および
該癌細胞集合体の外周面に存在する基底膜様物
を含み、略球形あるいは楕円球形を呈する癌組織由来細胞塊。 - 実質的に癌細胞以外の細胞を含まない、請求項1から6までのいずれかに記載の癌組織由来細胞塊。
- 前記基底膜様物がラミニンである、請求項6または7に記載の癌組織由来細胞塊。
- 直径が40μm~250μmである、請求項1から8までのいずれか1項に記載の癌組織由来細胞塊。
- 前記癌細胞が、上皮癌細胞由来である、請求項1から9までのいずれかに記載の癌組織由来細胞塊。
- 前記癌細胞が、大腸癌、卵巣癌、乳癌、肺癌、前立線癌、腎癌、膀胱癌、咽頭癌、膵癌由来である、請求項10に記載の癌組織由来細胞塊。
- 生体から摘出した癌組織の細片化物を酵素処理する工程;および
該酵素処理物のうち3個以上の癌細胞を含む塊を選別回収する工程
を含む、癌組織由来細胞塊の調製方法。 - さらに、前記回収した成分を3時間以上培養する工程を含む、請求項12記載の癌組織由来細胞塊の調製方法。
- 前記選別回収が、篩を用いて回収することである、請求項12または13に記載の癌組織由来細胞塊の調製方法。
- 前記3個以上の癌細胞を含む塊を選別回収する工程が、メッシュサイズ40μmの篩における篩上成分でかつメッシュサイズ250μmの篩における篩下成分を回収する工程である、請求項12から14までのいずれか1項に記載の癌組織由来細胞塊の調製方法。
- 前記酵素が、コラゲナーゼを含む酵素である、請求項12記載の調製方法。
- 前記酵素が、C. histolyticum neutral protease、thermolysin、およびdispaseからなる群より選択される1種以上のプロテアーゼ;およびコラゲナーゼI、コラゲナーゼII、およびコラゲナーゼIVからなる群より選択される1種以上のコラゲナーゼを含む混合酵素である請求項16に記載の癌組織由来細胞塊の調製方法。
- 前記混合酵素が、リベラーゼブレンザイム1(登録商標)である、請求項17記載の癌組織由来細胞塊の調製方法。
- 請求項12から18までのいずれか1項に記載の調製方法によって得られる癌組織由来細胞塊。
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CN112322586A (zh) * | 2020-11-05 | 2021-02-05 | 广州元信生物科技有限公司 | 一种肿瘤组织消化液及其方法 |
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JP5809782B2 (ja) * | 2009-12-24 | 2015-11-11 | 株式会社ルネッサンス・エナジー・インベストメント | 癌組織由来細胞塊または癌細胞凝集塊の薬剤または放射線感受性評価方法 |
WO2011149013A1 (ja) * | 2010-05-26 | 2011-12-01 | 株式会社Reiメディカル | 癌組織由来細胞塊または癌細胞凝集塊の薬剤または放射線感受性評価方法 |
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CN107151645A (zh) * | 2017-05-16 | 2017-09-12 | 武汉大学深圳研究院 | 一种为肺癌提供离体个体化药物测试的方法及培养基 |
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CN112322586A (zh) * | 2020-11-05 | 2021-02-05 | 广州元信生物科技有限公司 | 一种肿瘤组织消化液及其方法 |
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CA2753526C (en) | 2015-08-25 |
US20140227781A1 (en) | 2014-08-14 |
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SG2014012843A (en) | 2014-08-28 |
JP5652809B2 (ja) | 2015-01-14 |
CN102439139A (zh) | 2012-05-02 |
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EP2412803A4 (en) | 2013-05-01 |
US8841125B2 (en) | 2014-09-23 |
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