WO2010090307A1 - プラントの運転方法及びシステム - Google Patents
プラントの運転方法及びシステム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010090307A1 WO2010090307A1 PCT/JP2010/051772 JP2010051772W WO2010090307A1 WO 2010090307 A1 WO2010090307 A1 WO 2010090307A1 JP 2010051772 W JP2010051772 W JP 2010051772W WO 2010090307 A1 WO2010090307 A1 WO 2010090307A1
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- feed water
- corrosion
- water heater
- pressure
- structural material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F11/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent
- C23F11/08—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent in other liquids
- C23F11/18—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent in other liquids using inorganic inhibitors
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F11/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent
- C23F11/08—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent in other liquids
- C23F11/18—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent in other liquids using inorganic inhibitors
- C23F11/185—Refractory metal-containing compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F11/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent
- C23F11/08—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent in other liquids
- C23F11/18—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent in other liquids using inorganic inhibitors
- C23F11/187—Mixtures of inorganic inhibitors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K3/00—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein
- F01K3/18—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein having heaters
- F01K3/181—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein having heaters using nuclear heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
- F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
- F22B1/023—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers with heating tubes, for nuclear reactors as far as they are not classified, according to a specified heating fluid, in another group
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
- F22B37/002—Component parts or details of steam boilers specially adapted for nuclear steam generators, e.g. maintenance, repairing or inspecting equipment not otherwise provided for
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
- F22D11/00—Feed-water supply not provided for in other main groups
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C17/00—Monitoring; Testing ; Maintaining
- G21C17/02—Devices or arrangements for monitoring coolant or moderator
- G21C17/022—Devices or arrangements for monitoring coolant or moderator for monitoring liquid coolants or moderators
- G21C17/0225—Chemical surface treatment, e.g. corrosion
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C19/00—Arrangements for treating, for handling, or for facilitating the handling of, fuel or other materials which are used within the reactor, e.g. within its pressure vessel
- G21C19/28—Arrangements for introducing fluent material into the reactor core; Arrangements for removing fluent material from the reactor core
- G21C19/30—Arrangements for introducing fluent material into the reactor core; Arrangements for removing fluent material from the reactor core with continuous purification of circulating fluent material, e.g. by extraction of fission products deterioration or corrosion products, impurities, e.g. by cold traps
- G21C19/307—Arrangements for introducing fluent material into the reactor core; Arrangements for removing fluent material from the reactor core with continuous purification of circulating fluent material, e.g. by extraction of fission products deterioration or corrosion products, impurities, e.g. by cold traps specially adapted for liquids
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21D—NUCLEAR POWER PLANT
- G21D1/00—Details of nuclear power plant
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21D—NUCLEAR POWER PLANT
- G21D3/00—Control of nuclear power plant
- G21D3/08—Regulation of any parameters in the plant
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a plant operating method and system, and more particularly to a plant operating method and system suitable for suppressing corrosion of structural materials such as water supply pipes.
- metal as a structural material causes aging degradation phenomena such as ion elution and formation of corrosion products. Wake up. Since the adhesion of the corrosion product obstructs the flow path in the pipe, it can cause vibration. Vibrations under high flow conditions can lead to cracks and damage to the structural material. In addition, when corrosion products adhere to the heat transfer surface in steam generators for pressurized water nuclear power plants, feed water heaters for boiling water nuclear power plants, thermal power plants, etc., the heat transfer coefficient is reduced. There is a fear.
- the impurity concentration in the feed water is maintained at a low level by continuous blow water in the vessel water, but in a narrow part such as a clevis part between the heat transfer tube and the support plate.
- the water quality may be different from the control value.
- the concentration of impurities occurs, resulting in a corrosive environment, and scale (oxide) adhesion is also assumed.
- piping, piping systems having orifices, valves, etc. require measures against erosion, corrosion, flow accelerated corrosion, etc., because liquid flows through the internal space at high speed.
- Patent Document 3 a clear standard is shown regarding the injection of noble metals such as platinum (Pt) and ruthenium (Ru), but for metal compounds such as titanium oxide (TiO 2 ), etc. Does not disclose the required injection amount or injection method.
- noble metals such as platinum (Pt) and ruthenium (Ru)
- metal compounds such as titanium oxide (TiO 2 ), etc. Does not disclose the required injection amount or injection method.
- An object of the present invention has been made in consideration of the above-described circumstances, and is an operation of a plant that can reliably suppress corrosion of structural materials such as piping without injecting chemicals that affect the environment or the like. It is to provide a method and system.
- the object of the present invention is to provide at least a low-pressure feed water heater and a high-pressure feed water heater sequentially in the feed water pipe from the condenser to the steam generator, or deaerate between the low-pressure feed water heater and the high-pressure feed water heater.
- a low-pressure feed water heater and a high-pressure feed water heater are sequentially arranged in the secondary system of a pressurized water nuclear power plant that guides high-temperature feed water to the steam generator, or in the feed water piping from the condenser to the pressure vessel.
- At least a low-pressure feed water heater and a high-pressure feed water heater are sequentially arranged in a primary system of a boiling water nuclear power plant that guides high-temperature feed water to the pressure vessel, or a feed water pipe from a condenser to a boiler, or
- a degasser is disposed between the low-pressure feed water heater and the high-pressure feed water heater, and the feed system of the thermal power plant that leads the hot feed water to the pressure reaction vessel.
- a film that suppresses elution of elements constituting the structural material is formed on the surface of the structural material such as the water pipe, the low-pressure feed water heater, the deaerator, and the high-pressure feed water heater, and is accelerated by the flow of the feed water.
- the above-mentioned object of the present invention is to provide a low-pressure feed water heater, a deaerator, and a high-pressure feed water heater in this order in a feed water pipe from the condenser to the steam generator so that high-temperature feed water is supplied to the steam generator.
- the feed water pipe provided on the downstream side of the condenser in the feed water pipe and upstream of the low-pressure feed water heater and in contact with the high-temperature feed water
- An oxidant injection means for injecting an oxidant for forming a film for suppressing elution of elements constituting the structural material on the surface of the structural material such as a heater, the deaerator, and the high-pressure feed water heater;
- Corrosion inhibitor It is achieved by providing a driving system, a plant characterized by having an a corrosion inhibiting substance introducing means for entering.
- the object of the present invention is to provide boiling water in which a low-pressure feed water heater and a high-pressure feed water heater are sequentially arranged in a feed water pipe from a condenser to a pressure reaction vessel to guide hot feed water to the steam generator.
- an injection means for injecting an oxidant for forming a film for suppressing elution of elements constituting the structural material, or a corrosion-inhibiting substance for adhering the corrosion-inhibiting substance to the surface of the structural material Plant operating system characterized in that it has, are achieved by providing a.
- FIG. 1 is a system schematic diagram showing a secondary system of a pressurized water nuclear power plant to which the first embodiment of the secondary system operating method of the pressurized water nuclear plant according to the present invention is applied.
- the graph which shows the test result of the elution suppression of iron in the case of only the carbon steel in which the oxide film was formed on the surface, and carbon steel.
- the graph which shows the flow rate dependence of corrosion in the case of only the carbon steel with which the titanium oxide adhered to the surface, and carbon steel.
- the graph which shows the temperature dependence of corrosion in the case of only the carbon steel with which the titanium oxide adhered to the surface, and carbon steel.
- the graph which shows the hydrogen dependence of iron elution in case the 2nd Embodiment in the secondary system operation method of the pressurized water nuclear plant which concerns on this invention is applied.
- the system schematic which shows the boiling water nuclear power plant to which the 4th Embodiment in the operating method of the boiling water nuclear plant which concerns on this invention was applied.
- the system schematic diagram which shows the thermal power plant to which 5th Embodiment in the operating method of the thermal power plant which concerns on this invention was applied.
- FIG. 1 is a system schematic diagram showing a secondary system of a pressurized water nuclear power plant to which the first embodiment of the secondary system operating method of the pressurized water nuclear plant according to the present invention is applied.
- the steam generated by the steam generator 13 is introduced into the high-pressure turbine 14 to perform work, and then the moisture separator / heater 15 After the minutes are removed and heated, they are introduced into the low pressure turbine 16 to work.
- the steam worked in the low-pressure turbine 16 is condensed in the condenser 17 to become condensate.
- a condensate pump 19, a low-pressure feed water heater 20, a deaerator 21, and a high-pressure feed water heater 22 are sequentially arranged in the feed water pipe 18 from the condenser 17 to the steam generator 13. At this time, the deaerator 21 may be omitted. Condensate from the condenser 17 becomes feed water, which is heated by the low pressure feed water heater 20, the deaerator 21 and the high pressure feed water heater 22 to be brought into a high temperature state and led to the steam generator 11.
- the temperature of the feed water flowing in the feed water pipe 18 from the condenser 17 to the steam generator 13 is 15 ° C. or more and 350 ° C. or less.
- the feed water from the condenser 17 to the low pressure feed water heater 20 has a temperature of about 40 ° C. to 180 ° C.
- the feed water from the deaerator 21 to the high pressure feed water heater 22 has a temperature of about 180 ° C. to 230 ° C. is there.
- the flow rate of the feed water flowing in the feed water pipe 18 from the condenser 17 to the steam generator 13 is in the range of 1 m / s or more and 20 m / s or less.
- Structural materials such as various devices and pipes constituting the secondary system 12, particularly a water supply pipe 18 in contact with high-temperature water supply, a condensate pump 19, a low-pressure feed water heater 20, a deaerator 21 and a high-pressure feed water heater 22
- the material is made of steel such as stainless steel, non-ferrous steel such as nickel-base alloy, or non-ferrous metal such as copper or aluminum.
- oxidant injection as an oxidant injection means is provided downstream of the condenser 17 in the water supply pipe 18 and upstream of the low-pressure feed water heater 20, for example, in the vicinity of the downstream side of the condensate pump 19.
- a line 23 is installed.
- Oxygen (gas state), hydrogen peroxide (liquid state), and ozone (gas state) as an oxidant are injected from the oxidant injection line 23 alone or in combination.
- oxygen is injected as a gas from the oxidant injection line 23 into the water supply in the water supply pipe 18.
- this oxidant for example, oxygen
- the dissolved water concentration of the feed water increases, and the elements that make up this structural material, such as iron or chromium, are brought into contact with the water supply of the structural material such as the water supply pipe 18.
- An oxide film that suppresses elution is formed.
- a corrosion inhibitor introduction line as a corrosion inhibitor introduction means is provided downstream of the deaerator 21 and upstream of the high pressure feed water heater 22 in the feed water pipe 18. 24 is installed.
- the corrosion inhibitor is, for example, one or more elements selected from titanium (Ti), zirconium (Zr), cerium (Ce), niobium (Nb), lanthanum (La), neodymium (Nd), and yttrium (Y). Oxide or hydroxide.
- titanium oxide TiO 2
- zirconium oxide ZrO 2
- cerium oxide CeO 2
- niobium oxide Nb 2 O 5
- lanthanum oxide La 2 O 3
- neodymium oxide Nd 2 O
- yttrium oxide Y 2 O 3
- cerium hydroxide Ce (OH) 4
- lanthanum hydroxide La (OH) 3
- yttrium hydroxide Y (OH) 3
- titanium oxide is particularly preferable.
- the feed water temperature is high, and this is a region where corrosion accelerated by the feed water flow (flow accelerated corrosion) occurs.
- the corrosion inhibiting substance containing titanium oxide By introducing the corrosion inhibiting substance containing titanium oxide from the corrosion inhibiting substance introduction line 24, it becomes possible to attach the corrosion inhibiting substance containing titanium oxide to the surface of the structural material where flow accelerated corrosion occurs.
- the corrosion inhibitor introduction line 24 can be installed downstream of the condenser 17 and upstream of the low-pressure feed water heater 20, and is the same line as the oxidant injection line 23. it can.
- This corrosion inhibitor is in the form of a colloidal or slurry solution having fine particles, and this solution is injected into the feed water to adhere to the surface of the structure material such as the feed water pipe 18 or the structural material by spraying or spraying. Adhere to the surface.
- a titanium oxide solution is injected into the water supply.
- the corrosion-inhibiting substance containing titanium oxide is preferably attached to the surface of the structural material by 5 ⁇ g / cm 2 or more.
- the concentration of the solution of the corrosion inhibitor is selected to adjust the injection volume, and the quality of the supply water at the time of injection (for example, dissolved oxygen concentration) is taken into account.
- the adhesion amount of the corrosion inhibitor to the structural material is controlled.
- a corrosion inhibitor containing titanium oxide is attached to the surface of the structural material under high temperature and high pressure, and this corrosion inhibitor is used for elution of structural material constituent elements (for example, iron, chromium, etc.) (that is, oxidation reaction of iron, chromium, etc.).
- structural material constituent elements for example, iron, chromium, etc.
- elution of structural material constituent elements including iron, chromium, etc. is suppressed, and the aforementioned oxide film attached to the surface of the structural material is peeled off. Is prevented.
- the corrosion-inhibiting substance containing titanium oxide should cover the entire surface of the structural material including the water supply pipe 18 in contact with the water supply, but since it acts as a catalyst, it is not always necessary to cover the entire surface.
- FIG. 3 shows the flow rate dependence of carbon steel corrosion in an aqueous solution at 150 ° C. with a pH adjusted to 9 to 10 and a dissolved oxygen concentration of 2 ppb or less with hydrazine.
- the corrosion rate increases as the flow rate increases, whereas in the test piece to which titanium oxide is adhered, the increase rate of corrosion with respect to the flow rate is suppressed.
- it is a flow rate of 1 m / s or more and 20 m / s or less, the corrosion inhibitory effect can be anticipated by making titanium oxide adhere to the surface of carbon steel.
- FIG. 4 shows that the pH was adjusted to 9 to 10 using a test piece made of only carbon steel and a test piece in which titanium oxide was adhered to the surface of the carbon steel, and the dissolved oxygen concentration was reduced to 2 ppb or less by hydrazine. It is the result of having carried out the test under conditions of a flow rate of 15 m / s using an aqueous solution.
- the corrosion rate shows a characteristic dependence on temperature, and the corrosion rate increases around 140 to 150 ° C.
- the corrosion rate is reduced and the dependence on temperature is reduced.
- This test piece to which titanium oxide is attached exhibits a corrosion inhibiting effect at both low and high temperatures, and is also effective for piping with a temperature gradient, for example. From this, at least about titanium oxide, the corrosion suppression effect can be obtained for the entire secondary system 12 of the pressurized water nuclear power plant.
- FIG. 5 shows the results of a corrosion inhibition test in which the corrosion rate was determined using a test piece made of only carbon steel and a test piece in which titanium oxide was attached to the surface of the carbon steel. Both test pieces were immersed in an aqueous solution having a flow rate of about 15 m / s, a temperature of 150 ° C., and a dissolved oxygen concentration of less than 5 ppb for 500 hours and 1000 hours, respectively. In this case, the amount of oxygen is sufficiently low, and this is an environment in which an oxide film is hardly formed on the carbon steel surface.
- the corrosion rate of the test piece to which titanium oxide is adhered is smaller than that of the test piece made of carbon steel alone in both cases of 500 hours and 1000 hours.
- titanium oxide is 5 ⁇ g / cm 2 or more.
- niobium oxide (Nb 2 O 5 ), cerium oxide (CeO 2 ), and yttrium oxide (Y 2 O 3 ) are injected into high-temperature water instead of titanium oxide, and 50 ⁇ g / cm 2 is applied to the surface of the carbon steel. It is the result of having implemented the elution suppression test using the adhered test piece. As in the case of titanium oxide, it can be seen that the elution rate of iron from the test piece is reduced when the oxide adheres to the carbon steel as a corrosion inhibitor as compared with the case of carbon steel alone. Similar test results are obtained for neodymium oxide (Nd 2 O 3 ), zirconium oxide (ZrO 2 ), and lanthanum oxide (La 2 O 3 ).
- the above substances (especially yttrium, cerium, lanthanum) are injected in the form of hydroxides and adhered to the carbon steel. Then, an oxidant such as oxygen is injected from the oxidant injection line 23. Thereby, the attached hydroxide is oxidized by the oxidant and formed as an oxide. If the corrosion-inhibiting substance attached to the surface of the structural material such as the water supply pipe 18 in the state of high adhesion like hydroxide is oxidized, the corrosion-inhibiting effect is further enhanced.
- the downstream side of the deaerator 21 is higher in temperature than the upstream side, and is an area where flow accelerated corrosion occurs as described above, and an oxide film is not easily formed.
- deoxidation is achieved by injecting an oxidant such as oxygen from the oxidant injection line 23 so that the dissolved oxygen concentration in the structural material including the water supply pipe 18 downstream of the deaerator 21 is 5 ppb or more. It is ensured that an oxide film is reliably formed on the surface of the structural material on the downstream side of the air vessel 21 in contact with the water supply, and a corrosion inhibitor (for example, titanium oxide) from the corrosion inhibitor introduction line 24 is adhered to the oxide film. It becomes possible. As a result, the effect of inhibiting the corrosion of the structural material is enhanced, so that the amount of the corrosion-inhibiting substance adhering to the surface of the structural material is not necessarily 5 ⁇ g / cm 2 or more.
- FIG. 7 shows a test piece in which an oxide film is formed on the surface of a carbon steel in an oxidizing atmosphere and a test piece in which titanium oxide is adhered on the oxide film.
- the dissolved oxygen concentration is 50 ppb, neutrality, and the temperature is 150 ° C. It is the result of having carried out the elution suppression test by being immersed in the aqueous solution of this. Titanium oxide was deposited by spraying and was in an amount of 50 ⁇ g / cm 2 . According to the test results, it can be seen that the test piece to which titanium oxide is adhered has a lower elution rate than the test piece having only the oxide film. The combination of the oxide film and titanium oxide ensures the prevention of corrosion.
- pressurized water nuclear power is generated by forming an oxide film that suppresses the elution of the constituent elements of the structural material such as the water supply pipe 18 and the adhesion of a corrosion-inhibiting substance (for example, titanium oxide) to the surface of the structural material where flow accelerated corrosion occurs.
- a corrosion-inhibiting substance for example, titanium oxide
- Corrosion phenomena such as flow accelerated corrosion, corrosion due to partial environmental differences, and total corrosion, which are a concern in the secondary system 12 of the power plant, can be reliably suppressed.
- it is not necessary to inject into the feed water an agent that affects the environment such as amines such as ammonia or hydrazine that is a powerful drug.
- the inflow amount of the eluting elements from the structural material into the steam generator 13 can be reduced, so that the scale and cladding are deposited on the steam generator 13. Can be suppressed. Accordingly, in the steam generator 13, the number of necessary operations such as scale and cladding removal work can be reduced, and costs such as operation costs and maintenance costs can be reduced.
- FIG. 8 is a graph showing the hydrogen dependence of iron elution when the second embodiment of the secondary system operation method of the pressurized water nuclear plant according to the present invention is applied.
- the same parts as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1, and the description is simplified or omitted.
- This embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that an oxidant such as oxygen is injected from an oxidant injection line 23 into the water supply flowing in the structure material such as the water supply pipe 18 and the structure material.
- an oxidant such as oxygen
- a corrosion inhibitor such as titanium oxide from the corrosion inhibitor introduction line 24 to the surface in contact with the water supply
- hydrogen is injected into the water supply.
- This hydrogen injection may be in the same position as the oxidant injection line 23 or the corrosion-inhibiting substance introduction line 24 in the water supply pipe 18, or at a position other than the oxidant injection line 23 and the corrosion-inhibiting substance introduction line 24. Also good. It is preferable to inject hydrogen into the same position as the corrosion inhibitor introduction line 24 or in the vicinity thereof.
- Hydrogen dissolved in the feed water undergoes an oxidation reaction by the catalytic action of a corrosion inhibitor such as titanium oxide, and suppresses elution (that is, oxidation reaction) of constituent elements (iron, chromium, etc.) in the structural material such as the feed water pipe 18.
- a corrosion inhibitor such as titanium oxide
- elution that is, oxidation reaction
- constituent elements iron, chromium, etc.
- the iron elution rate in carbon steel is compared when immersed in an aqueous solution into which hydrogen is not injected. It can be seen that in the case of an aqueous solution into which hydrogen has been injected, the elution rate of iron can be reduced even when the amount of titanium oxide attached is small.
- the effect of inhibiting the corrosion of the structural material is exhibited.
- the amount of adhesion of a corrosion-inhibiting substance such as titanium oxide is reduced by hydrogen injection, the effect of inhibiting the corrosion of the structural material is exhibited.
- the amount of corrosion-inhibiting substances such as titanium oxide is reduced to 5 ⁇ g / cm 2 or less. The effect can be sufficiently exerted.
- the present embodiment in addition to the same effects as those of the first embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.
- the amount of adhesion of a corrosion-inhibiting substance such as titanium oxide necessary for suppressing the corrosion of the structural material such as the water supply pipe 18 can be reduced by injecting hydrogen in the water supply.
- FIG. 9 is a graph showing the relationship between the corrosion amount and the corrosion potential when the third embodiment of the secondary system operation method of the pressurized water nuclear plant according to the present invention is applied.
- the same parts as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1, and the description is simplified or omitted.
- the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that oxygen injected into the feed water from the oxidant injection line 23 is monitored by monitoring the corrosion potential of the surface of the structural material, for example, the water supply pipe 18 in contact with the water supply. This is the point of controlling the injection amount of the oxidant.
- FIG. 9 shows the relationship between the corrosion amount (iron elution amount) and the corrosion potential of the test piece surface by immersing a carbon steel test piece in an aqueous solution having a dissolved oxygen concentration of 50 ppb and 150 ° C. Is.
- the corrosion potential is initially low and then increases due to the formation of an oxide film.
- the amount of corrosion is initially large, it can be seen that the corrosion potential increases due to the formation of the oxide film, and therefore gradually decreases in response to the increase in the corrosion potential.
- Injecting an oxidant such as oxygen from the oxidant injection line 23 in the secondary system 12 of the pressurized water nuclear power plant shown in FIG. 1 forms an oxide film on the surface of the structural material in contact with the water supply.
- a change in the corrosion potential of the surface of the structural material is measured and monitored using a corrosion potential meter 25.
- the corrosion potential is sufficiently increased, a necessary amount of oxide film is formed on the surface of the structural material, and even if the dissolved oxygen concentration of the feed water is decreased (for example, from 50 ppb to 10 ppb in FIG. 9), the structural material is corroded. No change in quantity.
- the corrosion potential of the surface of the structural material for example, the water supply pipe 18
- the corrosion potential meter 25 the amount of oxidant (for example, oxygen) injected from the oxidant injection line 23 is decreased. Or stop.
- the following effects can be obtained. That is, by monitoring the corrosion potential on the surface of the structural material such as the water supply pipe 18 and controlling the amount of oxidant injected into the water supply, the amount of oxidant used can be reduced, and the operating cost can be reduced.
- FIG. 10 is a system schematic diagram of a boiling water nuclear power plant to which the fourth embodiment of the method for operating a boiling water nuclear power plant according to the present invention is applied.
- the steam generated in the pressure vessel 27 is introduced into the high-pressure turbine 28 for work, and then the moisture is removed by the moisture separator 29 and heated. Then, it is introduced into the low-pressure turbine 30 to work.
- the steam worked in the low-pressure turbine 30 is condensed in the condenser 31 to become condensate.
- a condensate pump 33, a low pressure feed water heater 34, and a high pressure feed water heater 35 are sequentially arranged in the feed water pipe 32 from the condenser 31 to the pressure vessel 27.
- the condensate from the condenser 31 becomes feed water, which is heated by the low pressure feed water heater 34 and the high pressure feed water heater 35 to be brought into a high temperature state and led to the pressure vessel 27.
- the temperature of the feed water flowing in the feed water pipe 32 from the condenser 31 to the pressure vessel 27 is 15 ° C. or more and 320 ° C. or less. Furthermore, the flow rate of the feed water flowing in the feed water pipe 32 from the condenser 31 to the pressure vessel 27 is in the range of 1 m / s to 20 m / s.
- Structural materials such as various devices and pipes constituting the boiling water nuclear power plant 26, particularly, a water supply pipe 32 in contact with high temperature water supply, a condensate pump 33, a low pressure feed water heater 34 and a high pressure feed water heater 35 are made of stainless steel.
- non-ferrous materials such as steel, nickel-base alloys, etc., or non-ferrous metals such as copper and aluminum are used.
- an oxidant injection line 36 as an oxidant injection means is installed in the water supply pipe 32 downstream of the condenser 31 and upstream of the low-pressure feed water heater 34, for example, in the vicinity of the downstream side of the condensate pump 33. Then, by injecting an oxidant (for example, oxygen) from the oxidant injection line 36, the dissolved water concentration of the water supply water increases, and this structural material is formed on the surface of the structural material such as the water supply pipe 32 that is in contact with the water supply. An oxide film is formed that suppresses the elution of the elements to be released, such as iron and chromium.
- the corrosion-inhibiting substance introducing means is provided on the downstream side of the condenser 31 in the feed water pipe 32 and upstream of the low-pressure feed water heater 34, for example, in the vicinity of the downstream side of the condensate pump 33.
- Corrosion-inhibiting substance introduction line 37 is installed.
- the oxidant injection line 36 and the corrosion-inhibiting substance introduction line 37 do not have to be installed separately, and may be the same injection line.
- a corrosion inhibitor containing titanium oxide is attached to the surface of the structural material under high temperature and high pressure, and this corrosion inhibitor is used for elution of structural material constituent elements (for example, iron, chromium, etc.) (that is, oxidation reaction of iron, chromium, etc.).
- structural material constituent elements for example, iron, chromium, etc.
- elution of structural material constituent elements including iron, chromium, etc. is suppressed, and the aforementioned oxide film attached to the surface of the structural material is peeled off. Is prevented.
- an oxidant injection line By injecting an oxidant such as oxygen from 36, an oxide film is formed on the surface of the structural material in contact with the water supply, and the change in the corrosion potential of the surface of the water supply pipe 32 or the like is measured by a corrosion potentiometer 38 that measures the injection amount. By controlling the amount of oxidant used, the operation cost can be reduced.
- FIG. 11 is a system schematic diagram of a thermal power plant to which the fifth embodiment in the method for operating a thermal power plant according to the present invention is applied.
- steam generated in the boiler 40 is introduced into the high-pressure turbine 41 for work, and then heated by the reheater 42 and then introduced into the intermediate-pressure turbine 43. To work.
- the steam that has worked in the intermediate pressure turbine 43 is further condensed in the condenser 45 to become condensate.
- a condensate pump 47, a low-pressure feed water heater 48, a deaerator 49, and a high-pressure feed water heater 50 are sequentially arranged in the feed water pipe 46 from the condenser 45 to the boiler 40.
- Condensate from the condenser 45 becomes feed water, which is heated in the low-pressure feed water heater 48, the deaerator 49, and the high-pressure feed water heater 50 and is led to the boiler 40 in a high temperature state.
- the deaerator 49 may be omitted.
- the temperature of the feed water flowing through the feed water pipe 46 from the condenser 45 to the boiler 40 is 15 ° C. or more and 320 ° C. or less. Furthermore, the flow rate of the feed water flowing through the feed water pipe 46 from the condenser 45 to the boiler 40 is in the range of 1 m / s or more and 20 m / s or less.
- Structural materials such as various devices and pipes constituting this thermal power plant 39, in particular, a water supply pipe 46 in contact with high temperature water supply, a condensate pump 47, a low pressure feed water heater 48, a deaerator 49 and a high pressure feed water heater 50 are made of stainless steel.
- the material is made of steel such as steel, non-ferrous steel such as nickel-base alloy, or non-ferrous metal such as copper or aluminum.
- An oxidant injection line 51 as an oxidant injection means is installed in the water supply pipe 46 on the downstream side of the condenser 45 and upstream of the low-pressure feed water heater 48, for example, in the vicinity of the downstream side of the condensate pump 47.
- an oxidant for example, oxygen
- the dissolved water concentration of the quality of the water supply increases, and the elements constituting the structural material on the surface in contact with the water supply of the structural material such as the water supply pipe 46, For example, an oxide film that suppresses elution of iron or chromium is formed.
- a corrosion inhibitor introduction line 52 as a corrosion inhibitor introduction means is installed downstream of the deaerator 49 and upstream of the high-pressure feed water heater 50 in the feed water pipe 46. Is done.
- the corrosion inhibitor introduction line 52 can be installed on the downstream side of the condenser 45 and the upstream side of the low-pressure feed water heater 48, and is the same line as the oxidant injection line 51. it can.
- a corrosion inhibitor containing titanium oxide is attached to the surface of the structural material under high temperature and high pressure, and this corrosion inhibitor is used for elution of structural material constituent elements (for example, iron, chromium, etc.) (that is, oxidation reaction of iron, chromium, etc.).
- structural material constituent elements for example, iron, chromium, etc.
- elution of structural material constituent elements including iron, chromium, etc. is suppressed, and the aforementioned oxide film attached to the surface of the structural material is peeled off. Is prevented.
- an oxidant is injected.
- an oxidant such as oxygen from the line 51
- an oxide film is formed on the surface of the structural material in contact with the water supply, and the change in the corrosion potential of the surface of the water supply pipe 46 etc. is injected by the corrosion potentiometer 53 for measuring.
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Abstract
Description
本発明の目的は、上述の事情を考慮してなされたものであり、環境等に影響のある薬剤を注入することなく、配管等の構造材の腐食を確実に抑制できるプラントの運転方法及びシステムを提供することにある。
図1は、本発明に係る加圧水型原子力プラントの二次系運転方法における第1の実施の形態が適用された加圧水型原子力発電プラントの二次系を示す系統概略図である。
存在することで鉄の溶出が抑制され、蒸気発生器13への鉄の持込量が低減される。
させることで、炭素鋼の腐食、特に流動加速型腐食を抑制することができる。この場合の酸化チタンの必要量は5μg/cm2以上である。
食抑制効果が高まるため、腐食抑制物質の構造材表面への付着量は、5μg/cm2以上である必要は必ずしもなくなる。
図8は、本発明に係る加圧水型原子力プラントの二次系運転方法における第2の実施の形態が適用された場合における鉄溶出の水素依存性を示すグラフである。この第2の実施の形態において、前記第1の実施の形態と同様な部分については、第1図におけると同一の符号を付すことにより説明を簡略化し、または省略する。
図9は、本発明に係る加圧水型原子力プラントの二次系運転方法における第3の実施の形態が適用された場合における腐食量と腐食電位との関係を示すグラフである。この第3の実施の形態において、前記第1の実施の形態と同様な部分については、第1図におけると同一の符号を付すことにより説明を簡略化し、または省略する。
図10は、本発明に係る沸騰水型原子力発電プラントの運転方法における第4の実施の形態が適用された沸騰水型原子力発電プラントの系統概略図である。
図11は、本発明に係る火力発電プラントの運転方法における第5の実施の形態が適用された火力発電プラントの系統概略図である。
Claims (16)
- 復水器から蒸気発生器へ至る給水配管に少なくとも低圧給水加熱器、高圧給水加熱器が順次配設され、あるいは低圧給水加熱器、高圧給水加熱器の間に脱気器が配設されて、高温の給水を前記蒸気発生器へ導く加圧水型原子力プラントの二次系、または復水器から圧力容器へ至る給水配管に低圧給水加熱器、高圧給水加熱器が順次配設されて、高温の給水を前記圧力容器へ導く沸騰水型原子力プラントの一次系、または復水器からボイラへ至る給水配管に少なくとも低圧給水加熱器、高圧給水加熱器が順次配設され、あるいは低圧給水加熱器、高圧給水加熱器の間に脱気器が配設されて、高温の給水を前記圧力反応容器へ導く火力発電所の給水系、のいずれかのプラントの運転方法において、
高温の給水に接する前記給水配管、前記低圧給水加熱器、前記脱気器及び前記高圧給水加熱器等の構造材の表面に、この構造材を構成する元素の溶出を抑制する皮膜を形成すると共に、給水の流動により加速される腐食が生ずる前記構造材の表面に、腐食抑制物質を付着させることを特徴とするプラントの運転方法。 - 前記皮膜は、構造材を構成する元素の酸化皮膜であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のプラントの運転方法。
- 前記酸化皮膜の形成は、高温の給水中に酸素、過酸化水素、オゾン等の酸化体を注入して行なうことを特徴とする請求項2に記載のプラントの運転方法。
- 前記酸化体の注入は、給水配管における復水器の下流側で且つ低圧給水加熱器の上流側に行なうことを特徴とする請求項3に記載のプラントの運転方法。
- 前記皮膜を形成するために給水中に注入する酸化体は、給水の溶存酸素濃度が5ppb以上となるように注入することを特徴とする請求項3に記載のプラントの運転方法。
- 前記給水の腐食電位を監視することで、この給水に注入する酸化体の注入量を制御することを特徴とする請求項3に記載のプラントの運転方法。
- 前記腐食抑制物質は、Ti、Zr、Ce、Nb、La、Nd、Yから選択される1種類以上の元素からなる酸化物または水酸化物であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のプラントの運転方法。
- 前記腐食抑制物質は酸化チタンであり、この酸化チタンを構造材の表面に5μg/cm2以上付着させることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のプラントの運転方法。
- 前記腐食抑制物質は、微小粒子径を有するコロイド状またはスラリー状であり、噴射、溶射、または給水中への注入によって構造材の表面に付着させることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のプラントの運転方法。
- 前記腐食抑制物質は、給水配管における脱気器の下流側で且つ高圧給水加熱器の上流側に導入することを特徴とする請求項1に記載のプラントの運転方法。
- 前記給水配管等の構造材内を流れる給水の温度が15℃以上、350℃以下であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のプラントの運転方法。
- 前記腐食を加速する給水の流動における流速が1m/s以上、20m/s以下であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のプラントの運転方法。
- 前記給水配管等の構造材内を流れる給水に水素を注入することを特徴とする請求項1に記載のプラントの運転方法。
- 前記水素は、給水の溶存水素濃度が1ppb以上となるように注入することを特徴とする請求項13に記載のプラントの運転方法。
- 復水器から蒸気発生器へ至る給水配管に低圧給水加熱器、脱気器、高圧給水加熱器が順次配設されて、高温の給水を前記蒸気発生器へ導く加圧水型原子力プラントの二次系運転システムにおいて、
前記給水配管における前記復水器の下流側で前記低圧給水加熱器の上流側に設けられ、高温の給水に接する前記給水配管、前記低圧給水加熱器、前記脱気器及び前記高圧給水加熱器等の構造材の表面に、この構造材を構成する元素の溶出を抑制する皮膜を形成するための酸化体を注入する酸化体注入手段と、
前記給水配管における前記脱気器の下流側で前記高圧給水加熱器の上流側に設けられ、給水の流動により加速される腐食が生ずる前記構造材の表面に腐食抑制物質を付着させるために、この腐食抑制物質を導入する腐食抑制物質導入手段と、を有することを特徴とするプラントの運転システム。 - 復水器から圧力反応容器へ至る給水配管に低圧給水加熱器、高圧給水加熱器が順次配設されて、高温の給水を前記蒸気発生器へ導く沸騰水型原子力プラントの運転システム、または復水器からボイラへ至る給水配管に低圧給水加熱器、高圧給水加熱器が順次配設されて、高温の給水を前記ボイラへ導くに火力プラントの運転システムにおいて、
前記給水配管における前記復水器の下流側で前記低圧給水加熱器の上流側に設けられ、高温の給水に接する前記給水配管、前記低圧給水加熱器及び前記高圧給水加熱器等の構造材の表面に、この構造材を構成する元素の溶出を抑制する皮膜を形成するための酸化体、あるいは前記構造材の表面に、腐食抑制物質を付着させるための腐食抑制物質を注入する注入手段を有することを特徴とするプラントの運転システム。
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- 2010-02-08 KR KR1020117018497A patent/KR20110104098A/ko active Search and Examination
- 2010-02-08 JP JP2010549530A patent/JP5637867B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-02-08 US US13/148,606 patent/US9165689B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-02-08 CN CN2010800150795A patent/CN102405307B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-02-08 AU AU2010211602A patent/AU2010211602B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2010-02-08 EP EP10738635.1A patent/EP2395130B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2010-02-08 MX MX2011008369A patent/MX2011008369A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2010-02-08 WO PCT/JP2010/051772 patent/WO2010090307A1/ja active Application Filing
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Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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EP2503030A4 (en) * | 2009-11-16 | 2015-05-20 | Toshiba Kk | CORROSION-RESISTANT STRUCTURE AND CORROSION PROTECTION IN A HIGH TEMPERATURE WATER SYSTEM |
JP2012062513A (ja) * | 2010-09-15 | 2012-03-29 | Toshiba Corp | 発電プラントの防食管理方法 |
US8859038B2 (en) | 2010-09-15 | 2014-10-14 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Method for monitoring corrosion protection in power plant |
US9410252B2 (en) | 2011-09-15 | 2016-08-09 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Corrosion inhibitor injecting method |
JP2016133080A (ja) * | 2015-01-20 | 2016-07-25 | ジャパン・ニュー・エナジー株式会社 | 地熱発電装置及び地熱発電方法 |
JP2020098183A (ja) * | 2018-12-19 | 2020-06-25 | 日立Geニュークリア・エナジー株式会社 | 原子力プラントの炭素鋼部材への放射性核種の付着抑制方法 |
JP7104616B2 (ja) | 2018-12-19 | 2022-07-21 | 日立Geニュークリア・エナジー株式会社 | 原子力プラントの炭素鋼部材への放射性核種の付着抑制方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2395130A4 (en) | 2013-01-09 |
US20120039429A1 (en) | 2012-02-16 |
CN102405307A (zh) | 2012-04-04 |
CN102405307B (zh) | 2013-10-16 |
EP2395130A1 (en) | 2011-12-14 |
JPWO2010090307A1 (ja) | 2012-08-09 |
AU2010211602A1 (en) | 2011-08-18 |
AU2010211602B2 (en) | 2013-08-22 |
JP5637867B2 (ja) | 2014-12-10 |
US9165689B2 (en) | 2015-10-20 |
EP2395130B1 (en) | 2016-01-27 |
MX2011008369A (es) | 2011-11-02 |
KR20110104098A (ko) | 2011-09-21 |
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