WO2010082558A1 - 液晶性化合物、液晶組成物および液晶表示素子 - Google Patents
液晶性化合物、液晶組成物および液晶表示素子 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010082558A1 WO2010082558A1 PCT/JP2010/050208 JP2010050208W WO2010082558A1 WO 2010082558 A1 WO2010082558 A1 WO 2010082558A1 JP 2010050208 W JP2010050208 W JP 2010050208W WO 2010082558 A1 WO2010082558 A1 WO 2010082558A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a liquid crystal compound, a liquid crystal composition, and a liquid crystal display element. More specifically, the present invention relates to a fluorobenzene derivative having fluorine at a lateral position, which is a liquid crystal compound, a liquid crystal composition having a nematic phase containing this compound, and a liquid crystal display element containing this composition.
- a liquid crystal display element typified by a liquid crystal display panel, a liquid crystal display module or the like is a liquid crystal compound (in the present invention, a compound having a liquid crystal phase such as a nematic phase or a smectic phase, and a component of a liquid crystal composition that does not have a liquid crystal phase.
- the optical anisotropy, dielectric anisotropy, etc. of the liquid crystal display element are used as the operation mode of this liquid crystal display element, such as PC (phase change) mode, TN.
- Twisted nematic mode STN (super twisted nematic) mode, BTN (bistable twisted nematic) mode, ECB (electrically controlled birefringence) mode, OCB (optically) sated bend) mode, IPS (in-plane switching) mode, VA (vertical alignment) mode, a variety of modes such as PSA (Polymer sustained alignment) are known.
- STN super twisted nematic
- BTN bistable twisted nematic
- ECB electrically controlled birefringence
- OCB optically sated bend
- IPS in-plane switching
- VA vertical alignment
- PSA Polymer sustained alignment
- the ECB mode, IPS mode, VA mode, etc. are operation modes utilizing the vertical alignment of liquid crystal molecules, and in particular, the IPS mode and VA mode are conventional display modes such as TN mode, STN mode, etc. It is known that the narrow viewing angle, which is a drawback, can be improved.
- a liquid crystal display element in an operation mode such as an IPS mode and a VA mode still has problems as a display element as compared with a CRT. For example, an improvement in response speed, an improvement in contrast, and a reduction in driving voltage are caused. It is desired.
- the above-described display element operating in the IPS mode or VA mode is mainly composed of a liquid crystal composition having a negative dielectric anisotropy.
- the liquid crystal composition is used. It is necessary that the liquid crystalline compound contained in the product has the following properties (1) to (8).
- the voltage holding ratio can be increased.
- the composition containing a liquid crystalline compound having a high clearing point or a low lower limit temperature of the liquid crystal phase as in (2) and (3) it becomes possible to widen the temperature range of the nematic phase, and a wide temperature range. Thus, it can be used as a display element.
- the response speed is used as a display device a composition comprising a compound having a small compound viscosity, and a large elastic constant K 33 as in (7) as (4), (5)
- a composition comprising a compound having a small compound viscosity, and a large elastic constant K 33 as in (7) as (4), (5)
- the contrast of the display element can be improved.
- the optical anisotropy needs to be small to large.
- methods for improving the response speed by reducing the cell thickness have been studied, and accordingly, a liquid crystal composition having a large optical anisotropy is also required.
- the threshold voltage of the liquid crystal composition containing this compound can be lowered.
- the driving voltage of the display element can be lowered and the power consumption can be reduced.
- a small driving voltage of the display device can be reduced by using a composition containing a compound having an elastic constant K 33 as a display device as described above, power consumption can be reduced.
- the liquid crystal compound is generally used as a composition prepared by mixing with many other liquid crystal compounds in order to develop characteristics that are difficult to be exhibited by a single compound. Therefore, it is preferable that the liquid crystalline compound used for the display element has good compatibility with other liquid crystalline compounds as shown in (8). Further, since the display element may be used in a wide temperature range including below freezing point, it may be preferable that the display element is a compound having good compatibility from a low temperature range.
- a first object of the present invention has heat, light stability to such becomes a nematic phase in a wide temperature range, a small viscosity, a large optical anisotropy, and a suitable elastic constant K 33, further It is to provide a liquid crystalline compound having high negative dielectric anisotropy and excellent compatibility with other liquid crystalline compounds.
- the second object of the present invention is to have stability against heat, light, etc., low viscosity, large optical anisotropy and high negative dielectric anisotropy, and an appropriate elastic constant K 33 .
- a liquid crystal composition having a low threshold voltage, a high nematic phase upper limit temperature (nematic phase-isotropic phase transition temperature) and a lower nematic phase lower limit temperature. Is to provide.
- the third object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display device containing the above composition, which has a short response time, low power consumption and low driving voltage, high contrast, and can be used in a wide temperature range. It is.
- liquid crystal display device containing this composition has a short response time, low power consumption and drive voltage, a large contrast ratio, and can be used in a wide temperature range, and the present invention is completed. It was.
- Ra and Rb are independently hydrogen, alkyl having 1 to 10 carbons, alkenyl having 2 to 10 carbons, alkoxy having 1 to 9 carbons, alkoxyalkyl having 2 to 9 carbons, or Alkenyloxy having 2 to 9 carbon atoms;
- Ring A 1 and Ring A 2 are independently 1,4-phenylene, trans-1,4-cyclohexylene, 1,4-cyclohexenylene, tetrahydropyran-2,5-diyl, 1,3-dioxane.
- L 1 , L 2 , L 3 and L 4 are independently hydrogen or fluorine, of which at least 3 are fluorine;
- Z 1 and Z 2 are independently a single bond, —CH 2 CH 2 —, —CH ⁇ CH—, —C ⁇ C—, —CH 2 O—, —OCH 2 —, —COO—, or —OCO. -.
- ring A 1 and ring A 2 are independently 1,4-phenylene, trans-1,4-cyclohexylene, 1,4-cyclohexenylene, or tetrahydropyran-2.
- Ra 1 and Rb 1 are independently alkyl having 1 to 10 carbons, alkenyl having 2 to 10 carbons, alkoxy having 1 to 9 carbons, alkoxyalkyl having 2 to 9 carbons Or alkenyloxy having 2 to 9 carbon atoms;
- Ring A 3 are 1,4-phenylene, xylene trans-1,4-cyclohexylene, there cyclohexenylene or tetrahydropyran-2,5-diyl;
- Ring A 4 is trans-1,4-cyclohexylene, 1,4-cyclohexenylene, or tetrahydropyran-2,5-diyl;
- L 5 , L 6 , L 7 and L 8 are independently hydrogen or fluorine, of which at least 3 are fluorine;
- Z 3 is independently a single bond, —CH 2 CH 2 —, —CH ⁇ CH—, —CH 2 O—, —OCH 2 —, —COO—, or —OC
- Ra 2 and Rb 2 are independently alkyl having 1 to 10 carbons, alkenyl having 2 to 10 carbons, alkoxy having 1 to 9 carbons, alkoxyalkyl having 2 to 9 carbons Or alkenyloxy having 2 to 9 carbon atoms;
- Ring A 5 and ring A 6 are independently 1,4-phenylene, trans-1,4-cyclohexylene, 1,4-cyclohexenylene, or tetrahydropyran-2,5-diyl, A 5 and ring A 6 are not simultaneously 1,4-phenylene;
- L 9 , L 10 , L 11 and L 12 are independently hydrogen or fluorine, at least three of which are fluorine;
- Ra 3 and Rb 3 are independently alkyl having 1 to 10 carbons, alkenyl having 2 to 10 carbons, alkoxy having 1 to 9 carbons, 2-9 alkoxyalkyl or alkenyloxy having 2-9 carbon atoms;
- Ra 4 and Rb 4 are independently alkyl having 1 to 10 carbons, alkenyl having 2 to 10 carbons, alkoxy having 1 to 9 carbons, 2-9 alkoxyalkyl or alkenyloxy having 2-9 carbon atoms;
- Ra 11 and Rb 11 are independently alkyl having 1 to 10 carbons, and in this alkyl, any —CH 2 — that is not adjacent to each other is — O— may be replaced, any —CH 2 CH 2 — that is not adjacent to each other may be replaced with —CH ⁇ CH—, and hydrogen may be replaced with fluorine; Ring A 11 , Ring A 12 , Ring A 13 , and Ring A 14 are independently trans-1,4-cyclohexylene, 1,4-phenylene, 2-fluoro-1,4-phenylene, 3-fluoro.
- Z 11 , Z 12 , and Z 13 are each independently a single bond, —CH 2 CH 2 —, —CH ⁇ CH—, —C ⁇ C—, —COO—, or —CH 2 O—.
- the first component is at least one compound selected from the compounds represented by the formula (a-1) according to item [3], and the second component is the formula (e according to item [18]
- a liquid crystal composition which is at least one compound selected from -1) to (e-3).
- the first component is at least one compound selected from the compounds represented by the formula (a-2) according to item [4], and the second component is the formula (e according to item [18]
- a liquid crystal composition which is at least one compound selected from -1) to (e-3).
- Ra 21 and Rb 21 are independently hydrogen or alkyl having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and in this alkyl, any —CH 2 that is not adjacent to each other — May be replaced with —O—, any non-adjacent —CH 2 CH 2 — may be replaced with —CH ⁇ CH—, and hydrogen may be replaced with fluorine;
- Ring A 21 , Ring A 22 , and Ring A 23 are independently trans-1,4-cyclohexylene, 1,4-phenylene, 2-fluoro-1,4-phenylene, 3-fluoro-1,4 -Phenylene, 2,3-difluoro-1,4-phenylene, pyrimidine-2,5-diyl, 1,3-dioxane-2,5-diyl, or tetrahydropyran-2,5-diyl;
- Z 21 , Z 22 , and Z 23 are each independently a single bond, —CH 2 CH 2 —,
- Ra 23 and Rb 23 are independently alkyl having 1 to 8 carbons or alkoxy having 1 to 7 carbons;
- Ring A 24 is trans-1,4-cyclohexylene, 1,4-cyclohexenylene, 1,4-phenylene, or tetrahydropyran-2,5-diyl;
- Ring A 25 is trans-1,4-cyclohexylene, 1,4-phenylene, 2-fluoro-1,4-phenylene or 3-fluoro-1,4-phenylene;
- Z 27 is independently a single bond, -CH 2 O -, - COO- or -CF 2 O-a and;
- X 1 and X 2 are both fluorine, or one is fluorine and the other is hydrogen.
- Ra 22 and Rb 22 are independently alkyl having 1 to 8 carbons, alkenyl having 2 to 8 carbons, or 1 to 7 carbons.
- Z 24 , Z 25 , and Z 26 are each independently a single bond, —CH 2 CH 2 —, —COO—, —OCO—, —CH 2 O—, or —OCH 2 —;
- Y 1 and Y 2 are both fluorine, or one is fluorine and the other is chlorine.
- the content ratio of the first component is in the range of 5 to 60% by weight
- the content ratio of the second component is in the range of 20 to 75% by weight
- the third component The liquid crystal composition according to any one of items [22] and [23], wherein the content ratio of is in the range of 20 to 75% by weight.
- a liquid crystal display device comprising the liquid crystal composition according to any one of items [18] to [24].
- a liquid crystal compound is a generic term for a compound having a liquid crystal phase such as a nematic phase or a smectic phase and a compound having no liquid crystal phase but useful as a component of a liquid crystal composition.
- a liquid crystal compound, a liquid crystal composition, and a liquid crystal display element may be abbreviated as a compound, a composition, and an element, respectively.
- a liquid crystal display element is a general term for a liquid crystal display panel and a liquid crystal display module.
- the upper limit temperature of the nematic phase is the phase transition temperature of the nematic phase-isotropic phase, and may simply be abbreviated as clearing point or upper limit temperature.
- the lower limit temperature of the nematic phase may simply be abbreviated as the lower limit temperature.
- the compound represented by the formula (a) may be referred to as a liquid crystal compound (a). Alternatively, it may be simply abbreviated as compound (a). This abbreviation may also apply to compounds represented by other formulas.
- symbols such as B, D, and E surrounded by hexagons correspond to ring B, ring D, and ring E, respectively.
- the amount of the compound expressed as a percentage is a weight percentage (% by weight) based on the total weight of the composition.
- a plurality of the same symbols such as rings A 1 , Y 1 , and B are described in the same formula or different formulas, but these may be the same or different.
- Alkyl in which any —CH 2 — may be replaced by —O— or —CH ⁇ CH— includes alkyl, alkenyl, alkoxy, alkoxyalkyl, alkoxyalkenyl, alkenyloxyalkyl, and the like.
- the liquid crystalline compound of the present invention has stability against heat, light, etc., becomes a nematic phase over a wide temperature range, has a low viscosity, a large optical anisotropy, and an appropriate elastic constant K 33 (K 33 : bend elasticity). Constant), high negative dielectric anisotropy, and excellent compatibility with other liquid crystal compounds. Further, the liquid crystalline compound of the present invention is particularly excellent in that the upper limit temperature of the nematic phase does not decrease and the viscosity tends to increase without increasing the optical anisotropy.
- the liquid crystal composition of the present invention has a low viscosity, a large optical anisotropy, an appropriate elastic constant K 33 , a high negative dielectric anisotropy, a low threshold voltage, and a nematic
- the upper limit temperature of the phase is high and the lower limit temperature of the nematic phase is low.
- the liquid crystal composition of the present invention since the liquid crystal composition of the present invention has a large optical anisotropy, it is effective for an element that requires a large optical anisotropy.
- the liquid crystal display element of the present invention is characterized by containing this liquid crystal composition, has a short response time, low power consumption and drive voltage, a large contrast ratio, and can be used in a wide temperature range.
- Mode, TN mode, STN mode, ECB mode, OCB mode, IPS mode, VA mode, or PSA mode can be suitably used for a liquid crystal display element, in particular, IPS mode, VA mode, or PSA. It can be suitably used for a mode liquid crystal display element.
- the amount of the compound expressed as a percentage means a weight percentage (% by weight) based on the total weight of the composition.
- the liquid crystalline compound of the present invention has a structure represented by the formula (a) (hereinafter, these compounds are also referred to as “compound (a)”).
- Ra and Rb are independently hydrogen, alkyl having 1 to 10 carbons, alkenyl having 2 to 10 carbons, alkoxy having 1 to 9 carbons, alkoxyalkyl having 2 to 9 carbons, or Alkenyloxy having 2 to 9 carbon atoms.
- Ring A 1 and Ring A 2 are independently 1,4-phenylene, trans-1,4-cyclohexylene, 1,4-cyclohexenylene, tetrahydropyran-2,5-diyl, 1,3-dioxane. -2,5-diyl, pyrimidine-2,5-diyl, or pyridine-2,5-diyl, but ring A 1 and ring A 2 are not simultaneously 1,4-phenylene.
- L 1 , L 2 , L 3 and L 4 are independently hydrogen or fluorine, of which at least 3 are fluorine;
- Z 1 and Z 2 are independently a single bond, —CH 2 CH 2 —, —CH ⁇ CH—, —C ⁇ C—, —CH 2 O—, —OCH 2 —, —COO—, or —OCO. -.
- L 1 , L 2 , L 3 and L 4 are fluorine as described above, and therefore 1,4-phenylene in which hydrogen at the 2nd or 3rd position is replaced with fluorine is bonded to both ends.
- 1,4-phenylene in which hydrogen at the 2nd or 3rd position is replaced with fluorine is bonded to both ends.
- It has low viscosity, appropriate optical anisotropy, appropriate elastic constant K 33 , high negative dielectric anisotropy, and excellent compatibility with other liquid crystal compounds.
- the upper limit temperature of the nematic phase does not decrease, and the viscosity is not increased, and the negative dielectric anisotropy is particularly high.
- Ra and Rb are hydrogen, alkyl having 1 to 10 carbons, or alkenyl having 2 to 10 carbons, alkoxy having 1 to 9 carbons, alkoxyalkyl having 2 to 9 carbons, or 2 to 9 carbons
- oxygen and oxygen adjacent groups such as CH 3 —O—O—CH 2 — and double bond sites such as CH 3 —CH ⁇ CH—CH ⁇ CH— Is not preferred.
- the carbon-carbon bond chain in these groups is preferably a straight chain.
- the carbon-carbon bond chain is a straight chain, the temperature range of the liquid crystal phase can be widened and the viscosity can be reduced.
- Ra or Rb is an optically active group, it is useful as a chiral dopant, and a reverse twist domain (Reverse) generated in a liquid crystal display device by adding the compound to the liquid crystal composition. Twisted domain) can be prevented.
- Ra and Rb are particularly preferably alkyl, alkoxy or alkenyl.
- Ra and Rb are alkyl, alkoxy, or alkenyl
- the temperature range of the liquid crystal phase of the liquid crystal compound can be expanded.
- Alkenyl has a preferred configuration of —CH ⁇ CH—, depending on the position of the double bond in the alkenyl.
- the steric configuration is preferably a trans configuration.
- the alkenyl compound having the preferred configuration as described above has a wide temperature range of the liquid crystal phase, a large elastic constant ratio K 33 / K 11 (K 33 : bend elastic constant, K 11 : spray elastic constant), and compound Furthermore, when this liquid crystal compound is added to the liquid crystal composition, the upper limit temperature (T NI ) of the nematic phase can be increased.
- alkyl examples include —CH 3 , —C 2 H 5 , —C 3 H 7 , —C 4 H 9 , —C 5 H 11 , —C 6 H 13 , —C 7 H 15 , —C 8 Mention may be made of H 17 , —C 9 H 19 , or C 10 H 21 ;
- alkoxy include —OCH 3 , —OC 2 H 5 , —OC 3 H 7 , —OC 4 H 9 , —OC 5 H 11 , —OC 6 H 13 , —OC 7 H 15 , —OC 8 Mention may be made of H 17 or OC 9 H 19 ;
- alkoxyalkyl include —CH 2 OCH 3 , —CH 2 OC 2 H 5 , —CH 2 OC 3 H 7 , — (CH 2 ) 2 OCH 3 , — (CH 2 ) 2 OC 2 H 5 , -(CH 2 ) 2 OC 3 H 7
- Ring A 1 and Ring A 2 are 1,4-phenylene, trans-1,4-cyclohexylene, 1,4-cyclohexenylene, tetrahydropyran-2,5-diyl, 1,3-dioxane-2, 5-diyl, pyrimidine-2,5-diyl, or pyridine-2,5-diyl.
- 1,4-phenylene and trans-1,4-cyclohexylene are more preferable, and trans-1,4-cyclohexylene is most preferable.
- the viscosity can be reduced, and when this liquid crystalline compound is added to the liquid crystal composition, the upper limit of the nematic phase is increased.
- the temperature (T NI ) can be increased.
- L 1 , L 2 , L 3 and L 4 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a fluorine atom, and at least three of these are fluorine atoms.
- L 1 , L 2 , L 3 and L 4 are fluorine because the melting point of the compound can be lowered.
- L 1 , L 2 , L 3 and L 4 are fluorine since the dielectric anisotropy of the compound can be negatively increased.
- Z 1 and Z 2 are a single bond, —CH 2 CH 2 —, —CH ⁇ CH—, —C ⁇ C—, —CH 2 O—, —OCH 2 —, —COO—, or —OCO—. .
- Z 1 and Z 2 are preferably a single bond, —CH 2 CH 2 —, or —CH ⁇ CH— because the viscosity of the compound can be reduced.
- Z 1 and Z 2 are —COO— or —OCO—, it is more preferable because the maximum temperature (T NI ) of the nematic phase of the compound can be increased.
- T NI maximum temperature
- —CH 2 O— or —OCH 2 — is more preferable because the dielectric anisotropy of the compound can be negatively increased.
- a single bond, —CH 2 CH 2 —, —CH 2 O— or OCH 2 — is preferable, and a single bond and —CH 2 CH 2 — are more preferable.
- the configuration of other groups with respect to the double bond is preferably a trans configuration.
- the temperature range of the liquid crystal phase of the liquid crystal compound can be expanded, and further, when this liquid crystal compound is added to the liquid crystal composition, the upper limit temperature (T NI ) of the nematic phase is increased. Can be high.
- the liquid crystal compound (a) is 2 H (deuterium), an isotope such as 13 C may contain more than the amount of natural abundance.
- physical properties such as dielectric anisotropy are adjusted to desired physical properties by appropriately selecting R 1 , R 2 , ring A 1 , ring A 2 , Z 1 and Z 2. It is possible.
- examples of preferred compounds include the compound (a-1).
- Ra 1 and Rb 1 are independently alkyl having 1 to 10 carbons, alkenyl having 2 to 10 carbons, alkoxy having 1 to 9 carbons, alkoxyalkyl having 2 to 9 carbons Or alkenyloxy having 2 to 9 carbon atoms.
- Ring A 3 is 1,4-phenylene, trans-1,4-cyclohexylene, 1,4-cyclohexenylene, or tetrahydropyran-2,5-diyl
- ring A 4 is trans-1, 4-cyclohexylene, 1,4-cyclohexenylene, or tetrahydropyran-2,5-diyl.
- L 5 , L 6 , L 7 and L 8 are independently hydrogen or fluorine, of which at least three are fluorine.
- Z 3 is independently a single bond, —CH 2 CH 2 —, —CH ⁇ CH—, —CH 2 O—, —OCH 2 —, —COO—, or —OCO—.
- examples of other preferable compounds include the compound (a-2).
- Ra 2 and Rb 2 are independently alkyl having 1 to 10 carbons, alkenyl having 2 to 10 carbons, alkoxy having 1 to 9 carbons, alkoxyalkyl having 2 to 9 carbons Or alkenyloxy having 2 to 9 carbon atoms.
- Ring A 5 and ring A 6 are independently 1,4-phenylene, trans-1,4-cyclohexylene, 1,4-cyclohexenylene, or tetrahydropyran-2,5-diyl, A 5 and ring A 6 are not 1,4-phenylene at the same time.
- L 9 , L 10 , L 11 and L 12 are independently hydrogen or fluorine, at least three of which are fluorine.
- examples of the most preferred compounds include compounds (a-3) to (a-15).
- Ra 3 and Rb 3 are independently alkyl having 1 to 10 carbons, alkenyl having 2 to 10 carbons, alkoxy having 1 to 9 carbons, 2-9 alkoxyalkyl or alkenyloxy having 2-9 carbon atoms;
- Ra 4 and Rb 4 are independently alkyl having 1 to 10 carbons, alkenyl having 2 to 10 carbons, alkoxy having 1 to 9 carbons, 2-9 alkoxyalkyl or alkenyloxy having 2-9 carbon atoms;
- the liquid crystalline compounds represented by the compounds (a-3) to (a-15) have a 1,4-phenylene group, a trans-1,4-cyclohexylene group or a 1,4-cyclohexenylene group, and the entire compound Since the structure is asymmetric with respect to the above, it has stability to heat and light, the lower limit temperature of the liquid crystal phase is lower, the upper limit temperature of the nematic phase is higher, the appropriate optical anisotropy and the appropriate elastic constant K. It is more preferable from the viewpoint of having a viscosity of 33 .
- the liquid crystalline compounds represented by the compounds (a-3) to (a-15) have a high negative dielectric anisotropy, stability to heat and light, and a nematic phase in a wide temperature range. having a suitable optical anisotropy and a suitable elastic constant K 33.
- Z 5 and Z 6 are —CH ⁇ CH— are preferable from the viewpoint of lowering the lower limit temperature of the liquid crystal phase and lowering the viscosity without substantially lowering the upper limit temperature of the nematic phase.
- a compound in which Z 5 and Z 6 are —COO— or —OCO— is more preferable because the maximum temperature of the nematic phase of the compound can be increased.
- a compound in which Z 5 and Z 6 are —CH 2 CH 2 — is more preferable from the viewpoint of lowering the lower limit temperature of the liquid crystal phase, higher compatibility, and lower viscosity. Furthermore, a compound in which Z 5 and Z 6 are —CH 2 O— or —OCH 2 — is most preferable from the viewpoint of higher negative dielectric anisotropy and lower viscosity.
- the liquid crystal compound When the liquid crystal compound has a structure represented by these liquid crystal compounds (a-3) to (a-15), it has a high negative dielectric anisotropy and is compatible with other liquid crystal compounds. Is very good. Furthermore, the heat has stability to such light, a small viscosity, and has a large optical anisotropy, and a suitable elastic constant K 33. In addition, the liquid crystal composition containing the liquid crystal compound (a) is stable under the conditions in which the liquid crystal display device is normally used, and the compound precipitates as crystals (or smectic phases) even when stored at a low temperature. There is nothing to do.
- the liquid crystalline compound (a) can be suitably applied to a liquid crystal composition used for a liquid crystal display element in a display mode such as PC, TN, STN, ECB, OCB, IPS, VA, or PSA, and IPS,
- a liquid crystal composition used for a liquid crystal display element in a display mode such as PC, TN, STN, ECB, OCB, IPS, VA, or PSA, and IPS
- the present invention can be particularly preferably applied to a liquid crystal composition used for a liquid crystal display element in a display mode such as VA or PSA.
- the liquid crystalline compound (a) can be synthesized by appropriately combining synthetic methods of organic synthetic chemistry. Methods for introducing the desired end groups, rings, and linking groups into the starting materials are described, for example, in organic synthesis (John Wiley & Sons, Inc), Organic Reactions (John Wiley & Sons, Inc.). It is described in books such as Comprehensive Organic Synthesis (Pergamon Press) and New Experimental Chemistry Course (Maruzen).
- linking group Z 1 or Z 2 An example of a method for forming the linking group Z 1 or Z 2 is shown. A scheme for forming a linking group is shown below. In this scheme, MSG 1 or MSG 2 is a monovalent organic group. A plurality of MSG 1 (or MSG 2 ) used in the scheme may be the same or different. Compounds (1A) to (1E) correspond to liquid crystal compound (a).
- the compound obtained by treating the organic halogen compound (a1) with butyllithium or magnesium is reacted with formamide such as N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF) to obtain the aldehyde derivative (a3).
- formamide such as N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF)
- the resulting aldehyde (a3) is reacted with phosphorus ylide obtained by treating the phosphonium salt (a4) with a base such as potassium t-butoxide to synthesize the corresponding compound (1A) having a double bond.
- a cis isomer may be generated depending on the reaction conditions. Therefore, when it is necessary to obtain a trans isomer, the cis isomer is isomerized to a trans isomer by a known method as necessary.
- Compound (1B) can be synthesized by hydrogenating compound (1A) in the presence of a catalyst such as palladium on carbon (Pd / C).
- a catalyst such as palladium on carbon (Pd / C).
- An organic halogen compound (a1) is reacted with magnesium or butyllithium to prepare a Grignard reagent or a lithium salt.
- a dihydroxyborane derivative (a5) is synthesized by reacting the prepared Grignard reagent or a lithium salt with a boric acid ester such as trimethyl borate and hydrolyzing with an acid such as hydrochloric acid.
- a catalyst comprising, for example, an aqueous carbonate solution and tetrakis (triphenylphosphine) palladium (Pd (PPh 3 ) 4 ).
- Compound (1C) can be synthesized.
- the dihydroxyborane derivative (a5) is oxidized with an oxidizing agent such as hydrogen peroxide to obtain the alcohol derivative (a7).
- the alcohol derivative (a8) is obtained by reducing the aldehyde derivative (a3) with a reducing agent such as sodium borohydride.
- the obtained alcohol derivative (a8) is halogenated with hydrobromic acid or the like to obtain an organic halogen compound (a9).
- the compound (1D) can be synthesized by reacting the alcohol derivative (a8) thus obtained with the organic halogen compound (a9) in the presence of potassium carbonate or the like.
- compound (b3) is obtained by reacting ethyl 4-iodobenzoate (b1) with dihydroxyborane derivative (b2) in the presence of a catalyst such as potassium carbonate or Pd / C.
- a catalyst such as potassium carbonate or Pd / C.
- the compound (b3) is reduced with lithium aluminum hydride or the like to obtain the compound (b4).
- (b5) is obtained by chlorination with thionyl chloride or the like.
- (b6) is obtained by reacting with triphenylphosphine.
- the difluorobenzene derivative (b7) and sec-BuLi are reacted to prepare a lithium salt. This lithium salt and carbonyl derivative (b8) are reacted to obtain an alcohol derivative (b9).
- the dehydration reaction of the resulting alcohol derivative (b9) is carried out in the presence of an acid catalyst such as p-toluenesulfonic acid, and the hydrogenation reaction is further carried out in the presence of a catalyst such as Pd / C to give compound (b10) Get.
- the obtained compound (b10) is reacted with formic acid or the like to obtain a carbonyl derivative (b11).
- the resulting compound (b11) and methoxymethyltriphenylphosphonium chloride are reacted in the presence of a base such as potassium t-butoxide and further reacted with formic acid or the like to obtain an aldehyde derivative (b12).
- the compound (b6) obtained by the above operation and the aldehyde derivative (b12) are subjected to a Wittig reaction in the presence of a base such as potassium t-butoxide, and further a hydrogenation reaction is performed in the presence of a catalyst such as Pd / C.
- a catalyst such as Pd / C.
- the component of the liquid crystal composition is characterized by containing at least one liquid crystal compound (a), but may contain two or more liquid crystal compounds (a), and only from the liquid crystal compound (a). It may be configured. Moreover, when preparing the liquid crystal composition of this invention, a component can also be selected in consideration of the dielectric anisotropy of a liquid crystalline compound (a), for example.
- the liquid crystal composition was selected component, low viscosity, has a high negative dielectric anisotropy, has a suitable elastic constant K 33, low threshold voltage, a nematic phase upper limit temperature ( (Nematic phase-isotropic phase transition temperature) is high, and the minimum temperature of the nematic phase is low.
- liquid crystal composition (1) In addition to the liquid crystal compound (a), the liquid crystal composition of the present invention includes liquid crystal compounds represented by formulas (e-1) to (e-3) (hereinafter referred to as compound (e-1), respectively) as the second component. To at least one compound selected from the group of (e-3)) (hereinafter also referred to as a liquid crystal composition (1)).
- Ra 11 and Rb 11 are independently alkyl having 1 to 10 carbons, and in this alkyl, any —CH 2 — that is not adjacent to each other is — O— may be replaced, any —CH 2 CH 2 — that is not adjacent to each other may be replaced with —CH ⁇ CH—, and hydrogen may be replaced with fluorine.
- ring A 11 , ring A 12 , ring A 13 , and ring A 14 are independently trans-1,4-cyclohexylene, 1,4- Phenylene, 2-fluoro-1,4-phenylene, 3-fluoro-1,4-phenylene, pyrimidine-2,5-diyl, 1,3-dioxane-2,5-diyl, or tetrahydropyran-2,5- It is a diyl.
- Z 11 , Z 12 , and Z 13 are each independently a single bond, —CH 2 CH 2 —, —CH ⁇ CH—, —C ⁇ C— , —COO—, or CH 2 O—.
- the viscosity of the liquid crystal composition can be reduced, and the minimum temperature of the nematic phase can be reduced. Can be lowered. Further, since the dielectric anisotropy of the compounds (e-1) to (e-3) is almost 0, the dielectric anisotropy of the liquid crystal composition containing the compounds can be adjusted to approach 0. .
- Compound (e-1) or (e-2) is an effective compound for reducing the viscosity and increasing the voltage holding ratio of the liquid crystal composition containing it. Furthermore, the compound (e-3) is an effective compound for increasing the maximum temperature of the nematic phase of the liquid crystal composition containing it and increasing the voltage holding ratio.
- the upper limit temperature of the nematic phase of the liquid crystal composition containing the ring is set to In the case where two or more rings are 1,4-phenylene, the optical anisotropy of a composition containing the ring can be increased.
- more preferable compounds are compounds represented by the formulas (2-1) to (2-74) (hereinafter referred to as compounds (2-1) to ( 2-74)).
- Ra 11 and Rb 11 have the same meaning as in the compounds (e-1) to (e-3).
- the second component is the compounds (2-1) to (2-74)
- a liquid crystal composition having excellent heat resistance and light resistance, a higher specific resistance value, and a wide nematic phase is prepared. be able to.
- the first component is at least one compound selected from the group of compounds represented by formulas (a-3) to (a-15), and the second component is a compound (e-1) to (e-).
- the liquid crystal composition (1) which is at least one compound selected from the compound group represented by 3), is superior in heat resistance and light resistance, has a wider nematic phase, has a larger voltage holding ratio, more small viscosity, and, having a suitable elastic constant K 33.
- the content of the second component in the liquid crystal composition (1) of the present invention is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to increase the content from the viewpoint of lowering the viscosity.
- the threshold voltage of the liquid crystal composition tends to increase when the content of the second component is increased, for example, when the liquid crystal composition of the present invention is used in a VA mode liquid crystal element
- the second component The content of is in the range of 40 to 95% by weight with respect to the total weight of the liquid crystal compound contained in the liquid crystal composition (1), and the content of the first component is in the liquid crystal composition (1).
- the range of 5 to 60% by weight is more preferable with respect to the total weight of the liquid crystal compound contained in the above.
- liquid crystal composition (2) As the liquid crystal composition of the present invention, in addition to the first component and the second component, the liquid crystal compounds represented by the formulas (g-1) to (g-6) as the third component (hereinafter, compounds ( A liquid crystal composition containing at least one compound selected from the group of g-1) to (g-6)) is also preferred (hereinafter also referred to as liquid crystal composition (2)).
- Ra 21 and Rb 21 are each independently hydrogen or alkyl having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and in this alkyl, any —CH that is not adjacent to each other 2 — may be replaced with —O—, any —CH 2 CH 2 — that is not adjacent to each other may be replaced with —CH ⁇ CH—, and hydrogen may be replaced with fluorine.
- the rings A 21 , A 22 , and A 23 are independently trans-1,4-cyclohexylene, 1,4-phenylene, 2-fluoro- 1,4-phenylene, 3-fluoro-1,4-phenylene, 2,3-difluoro-1,4-phenylene, pyrimidine-2,5-diyl, 1,3-dioxane-2,5-diyl, or tetrahydro Pyran-2,5-diyl.
- Z 21 , Z 22 , and Z 23 are each independently a single bond, —CH 2 CH 2 —, —CH ⁇ CH—, —C ⁇ C— , -OCF 2 -, - CF 2 O -, - OCF 2 CH 2 CH 2 -, - CH 2 CH 2 CF 2 O -, - COO -, - OCO -, - OCH 2 -, or -CH 2 O- Y 1 , Y 2 , Y 3 , and Y 4 are independently fluorine or chlorine.
- q, r, and s are independently 0, 1, or 2, but q + r is 1 or 2, and q + r + s is 1, 2, or 3 And t is 0, 1, or 2.
- the liquid crystal composition (2) containing the compounds (g-1) to (g-6) as the third component has a negative dielectric anisotropy.
- liquid crystal composition having a wide temperature range of the nematic phase of the liquid crystal composition, a low viscosity, a negative dielectric anisotropy and a high specific resistance value, and a liquid crystal composition in which these physical properties are appropriately balanced are obtained. Things are obtained.
- the compounds (g-1) to (g-6) are represented by formulas (g-1-1) to (g-2-3).
- at least one compound selected from the group of compounds (hereinafter also referred to as compounds (g-1-1) to (g-2-3), respectively) is used.
- Ra 22 and Rb 22 are independently alkyl having 1 to 8 carbons, alkenyl having 2 to 8 carbons, or 1 to 7 carbons.
- Z 24 , Z 25 , and Z 26 are each independently a single bond, —CH 2 CH 2 —, —COO—, —OCO—, —CH 2 O—, or —OCH 2 —.
- Y 1 and Y 2 are both fluorine, or one is fluorine and the other is chlorine.
- liquid crystal composition (3) In the liquid crystal composition of the present invention, in addition to the first component and the second component, the liquid crystal compounds represented by the formulas (i-1) to (i-4) (hereinafter referred to as the compounds A liquid crystal composition containing at least one compound selected from the group i-1) to (i-4)) is also preferred (hereinafter also referred to as liquid crystal composition (3)).
- Ra 23 and Rb 23 are independently alkyl having 1 to 8 carbons or alkoxy having 1 to 7 carbons
- ring A 24 is trans- 1,4-cyclohexylene, 1,4-cyclohexenylene, 1,4-phenylene, or tetrahydropyran-2,5-diyl
- ring A 25 is trans-1,4-cyclohexylene, 1 , 4-phenylene, 2-fluoro-1,4-phenylene or 3-fluoro-1,4-phenylene
- Z 27 is independently a single bond, —CH 2 O—, —COO— or —CF 2.
- O— and X 1 and X 2 are both fluorine, or one is fluorine and the other is hydrogen.
- composition (3) containing at least one compound selected from the group of the compounds (i-1) to (i-4) as the third component is also excellent in terms of low viscosity, heat resistance, and light resistance. preferable.
- Compounds (g-1) to (g-6), compounds (g-1-1) to (g-2-3), and compounds (i-1) to (i-4) have the desired physical properties. In order to obtain it, it is possible to use together suitably.
- Compounds (g-1-1), (g-1-2) and (i-2) can reduce the viscosity of the liquid crystal composition containing the compound and can lower the threshold voltage value, The minimum temperature of the nematic phase can be lowered.
- Compounds (g-1-2), (g-1-3), (g-1-4) and (i-1) can be used without lowering the maximum temperature of the nematic phase of the liquid crystal composition containing the compounds, The threshold voltage value can be lowered.
- Compounds (g-1-3), (g-2-2) and (i-3) can increase optical anisotropy, and compounds (g-1-4), (g-2-3) ), (I-1) and (i-4) can increase the optical anisotropy.
- Compounds (g-2-1), (g-2-2), (g-2-3), (i-2), (i-3) and (i-4) are liquid crystals containing the same The minimum temperature of the nematic phase of the composition can be lowered.
- the first component is at least one compound selected from the group of compounds represented by formulas (a-3) to (a-15)
- the second component is represented by formula (e-1) Is at least one compound selected from the group consisting of (e-3) and the third component is represented by formulas (g-1-1) to (g-2-3) and (i-1) to (i-1)
- a liquid crystal composition which is at least one compound selected from the group of compounds represented by -4).
- the liquid crystal composition having this composition is excellent in heat resistance and light resistance, has a wide temperature range of the nematic phase, a low viscosity, a high voltage holding ratio, an appropriate optical anisotropy, an appropriate dielectric anisotropy, having a suitable elastic constant K 33. Furthermore, it is a liquid crystal composition in which these physical properties are appropriately balanced.
- compounds (3-1) to (3-118) represented by compounds (g-1) and (g-2) are preferable.
- Rb 22 and Rb 22 have the same meaning as in the case of compounds (g-1-1) to (g-2-3).
- Compounds having a condensed ring such as compounds (g-3) to (g-6) can reduce the threshold voltage value, and from the viewpoint of heat resistance or light resistance, compounds (3-119) To (3-144) are preferred.
- Ra 21 and Rb 21 have the same meaning as in the compounds (g-3) to (g-6).
- the content of the third component in the liquid crystal composition of the present invention is preferably increased from the viewpoint of not reducing the absolute value of the negative dielectric anisotropy.
- the content ratios of the first component, the second component, and the third component of the liquid crystal composition according to the present invention are not particularly limited, but the content ratio of the liquid crystal compound (a) is based on the total weight of the liquid crystal composition. It is preferable that the range is 5 to 60% by weight, the content ratio of the second component is 20 to 75% by weight, and the content ratio of the third component is 20 to 75% by weight.
- the content ratio of the first component, the second component, and the third component of the liquid crystal composition is in this range, the heat resistance and light resistance are excellent, the temperature range of the nematic phase is wide, the viscosity is small, and the voltage is maintained. rate is high, a suitable optical anisotropy, high dielectric anisotropy, having a suitable elastic constant K 33. Furthermore, a liquid crystal composition in which these physical properties are more appropriately balanced can be obtained.
- liquid crystal composition in addition to the liquid crystal compound constituting the first component, the second component, and the third component added as necessary, for example, for the purpose of further adjusting the characteristics of the liquid crystal composition, Furthermore, other liquid crystal compounds may be added and used. Further, for example, from the viewpoint of cost, in the liquid crystal composition of the present invention, without adding a liquid crystal compound other than the liquid crystal compound constituting the first component, the second component, and the third component to be added as necessary. Sometimes used.
- additives such as an optically active compound, a pigment
- an optically active compound is added to the liquid crystal composition according to the present invention, a helical structure can be induced in the liquid crystal to give a twist angle.
- a known chiral dopant is added as an optically active compound. This chiral dopant has the effect of inducing the helical structure of the liquid crystal to adjust the necessary twist angle and preventing reverse twist.
- Examples of chiral dopants include optically active compounds represented by (Op-1) to (Op-13). A desirable ratio of the optically active compound is 5% by weight or less. A more desirable ratio is in the range of 0.01% to 2% by weight.
- the liquid crystal composition can be applied to a liquid crystal display element having a GH (Guest host) mode.
- GH Guest host
- the liquid crystal composition according to the present invention When an ultraviolet absorber or an antioxidant is added to the liquid crystal composition according to the present invention, it is possible to prevent deterioration of the liquid crystal composition and the liquid crystal display element containing the liquid crystal composition.
- the antioxidant can suppress a decrease in specific resistance value when the liquid crystal composition is heated.
- the ultraviolet absorber examples include a benzophenone ultraviolet absorber, a benzoate ultraviolet absorber, and a triazole ultraviolet absorber.
- a specific example of the benzophenone-based ultraviolet absorber is 2-hydroxy-4-n-octoxybenzophenone.
- a specific example of the benzoate ultraviolet absorber is 2,4-di-t-butylphenyl-3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoate.
- Specific examples of the triazole ultraviolet absorber include 2- (2-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl) benzotriazole, 2- [2-hydroxy-3- (3,4,5,6-tetrahydroxyphthalimide-methyl)- 5-methylphenyl] benzotriazole, and 2- (3-tert-butyl-2-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl) -5-chlorobenzotriazole.
- the antioxidant examples include a phenolic antioxidant and an organic sulfur antioxidant.
- the antioxidant represented by the formula (I) is preferable from the viewpoint that the antioxidant effect is high without changing the physical properties of the liquid crystal composition.
- w represents an integer of 1 to 15.
- n 1, 3, 5, 7, or 9. Further preferred n is 1 or 7. Since the compound (I) where n is 1 has high volatility, it is effective for preventing a decrease in specific resistance due to heating in the atmosphere. Since the compound (I) where n is 7 has low volatility, it is effective for maintaining a large voltage holding ratio not only at room temperature but also at a temperature close to the upper limit temperature of the nematic phase after using the device for a long time. .
- phenolic antioxidants include 2,6-di-t-butyl-4-methylphenol, 2,6-di-t-butyl-4-ethylphenol, 2,6-di-t-butyl- 4-propylphenol, 2,6-di-t-butyl-4-butylphenol, 2,6-di-t-butyl-4-pentylphenol, 2,6-di-t-butyl-4-hexylphenol, 2 , 6-di-t-butyl-4-heptylphenol, 2,6-di-t-butyl-4-octylphenol, 2,6-di-t-butyl-4-nonylphenol, 2,6-di-t- Butyl-4-decylphenol, 2,6-di-t-butyl-4-undecylphenol, 2, 6-di-t-butyl-4-dodecylphenol, 2,6-di-t-butyl-4-tridecylphenol
- organic sulfur antioxidant examples include dilauryl-3,3′-thiopropionate, dimyristyl-3,3′-thiopropionate, distearyl-3,3′-thiopropionate, pentaerythritol Tetrakis (3-laurylthiopropionate) and 2-mercaptobenzimidazole.
- the addition amount of an additive typified by an ultraviolet absorber, an antioxidant and the like can be added and used within a range that does not impair the purpose of the present invention and can achieve the purpose of adding the additive.
- the addition ratio is usually in the range of 10 ppm to 500 ppm, preferably in the range of 30 to 300 ppm, based on the total weight of the liquid crystal composition according to the present invention. More preferably, it is in the range of 40 to 200 ppm.
- the liquid crystal composition according to the present invention includes impurities such as synthesis raw materials, by-products, reaction solvents, and synthesis catalysts mixed in the synthesis process of each compound constituting the liquid crystal composition, the liquid crystal composition preparation process, and the like. In some cases.
- a polymerizable compound is mixed with the composition to be compatible with a PSA (Polymer Sustained Alignment) mode element.
- Preferred examples of the polymerizable compound are compounds having a polymerizable group such as acrylate, methacrylate, vinyl, vinyloxy, propenyl ether, epoxy (oxirane, oxetane), vinyl ketone and the like. Particularly preferred examples are acrylate or methacrylate derivatives.
- a desirable ratio of the polymerizable compound is 0.05% by weight or more for obtaining the effect thereof, and is 10% by weight or less for preventing defective display. A more desirable ratio is in the range of 0.1% to 2% by weight.
- the polymerizable compound is preferably polymerized by UV irradiation or the like in the presence of a suitable initiator such as a photopolymerization initiator.
- a suitable initiator such as a photopolymerization initiator.
- Appropriate conditions for polymerization, the appropriate type of initiator, and the appropriate amount are known to those skilled in the art and are described in the literature.
- Irgacure 651 registered trademark
- Irgacure 184 registered trademark
- Darocure 1173 registered trademark
- the polymerizable compound preferably contains a photopolymerization initiator in the range of 0.1% to 5% by weight.
- the photopolymerization initiator is contained in the range of 1% by weight to 3% by weight.
- liquid crystal composition according to the present invention for example, when the compound constituting each component is a liquid, the respective compounds are mixed and shaken, and when the compound includes a solid, the respective compounds are mixed. It can be prepared by making each liquid by heating and then shaking.
- the liquid crystal composition according to the present invention can also be prepared by other known methods.
- the upper limit temperature of the nematic phase can be set to 70 ° C. or more, the lower limit temperature of the nematic phase can be set to ⁇ 20 ° C. or less, and the temperature range of the nematic phase is wide. Therefore, a liquid crystal display element including this liquid crystal composition can be used in a wide temperature range.
- the optical anisotropy is preferably in the range of 0.05 to 0.18 by appropriately adjusting the composition and the like. More preferably, it is in the range of 0.10 to 0.13.
- the dielectric anisotropy is usually in the range of ⁇ 5.0 to ⁇ 2.0, preferably the dielectric anisotropy in the range of ⁇ 4.5 to ⁇ 2.5.
- a liquid crystal composition having properties can be obtained.
- a liquid crystal composition having a dielectric anisotropy in the range of ⁇ 4.5 to ⁇ 2.5 can be suitably used as a liquid crystal display element operating in the IPS mode, VA mode, or PSA mode.
- the liquid crystal composition according to the present invention has an operation mode such as a PC mode, a TN mode, an STN mode, an OCB mode, and a PSA mode. It can also be used for a liquid crystal display element having an operation mode such as a mode, an OCB mode, a VA mode, and an IPS mode and driven by a passive matrix (PM) method.
- an operation mode such as a PC mode, a TN mode, an STN mode, an OCB mode, and a PSA mode. It can also be used for a liquid crystal display element having an operation mode such as a mode, an OCB mode, a VA mode, and an IPS mode and driven by a passive matrix (PM) method.
- PM passive matrix
- the liquid crystal composition according to the present invention includes a DS (dynamic scattering) mode element using a liquid crystal composition to which a conductive agent is added, and an NCAP (nematic curvilinear aligned phase) element manufactured by microencapsulating a liquid crystal composition.
- a PD (polymer dispersed) element in which a three-dimensional network polymer is formed in a liquid crystal composition, for example, a PN (polymer network) element.
- the liquid crystal composition according to the present invention since the liquid crystal composition according to the present invention has the above-described characteristics, it is driven in an operation mode using a liquid crystal composition having a negative dielectric anisotropy such as a VA mode, an IPS mode, or a PSA mode.
- the liquid crystal display element can be suitably used for an AM liquid crystal display element, and can be particularly suitably used for an AM liquid crystal display element driven in a VA mode.
- 1 H-NMR analysis DRX-500 (manufactured by Bruker Biospin Co., Ltd.) was used as a measuring apparatus. The measurement was carried out by dissolving the sample produced in Examples and the like in a deuterated solvent in which a sample such as CDCl 3 is soluble, at room temperature, 500 MHz, and 32 times of integration.
- s is a singlet
- d is a doublet
- t is a triplet
- q is a quartet
- quin is a quintet
- sex is a sextet
- m is a multiplet
- br is broad.
- Tetramethylsilane (TMS) was used as a reference material for the zero point of the chemical shift ⁇ value.
- GC analysis A GC-14B gas chromatograph manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation was used as a measuring apparatus.
- a capillary column CBP1-M25-025 (length: 25 m, inner diameter: 0.22 mm, film thickness: 0.25 ⁇ m) manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation; dimethylpolysiloxane; nonpolar) as the stationary liquid phase was used.
- Helium was used as the carrier gas, and the flow rate was adjusted to 1 ml / min.
- the temperature of the sample vaporizing chamber was set to 280 ° C., and the temperature of the detector (FID) portion was set to 300 ° C.
- the sample was dissolved in toluene to prepare a 1% by weight solution, and 1 ⁇ l of the resulting solution was injected into the sample vaporization chamber.
- a recorder a C-R6A Chromatopac manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation or an equivalent thereof was used.
- the obtained gas chromatogram shows the peak retention time and peak area value corresponding to the component compounds.
- a dilution solvent for the sample for example, chloroform or hexane may be used.
- a dilution solvent for the sample for example, chloroform or hexane may be used.
- Agilent Technologies Inc. Capillary column DB-1 (length 30 m, inner diameter 0.32 mm, film thickness 0.25 ⁇ m), Agilent Technologies Inc. HP-1 (length 30 m, inner diameter 0.32 mm, film thickness 0.25 ⁇ m) manufactured by Restek Corporation, Rtx-1 (length 30 m, inner diameter 0.32 mm, film thickness 0.25 ⁇ m), SGE International Pty. BP-1 made of Ltd (length 30 m, inner diameter 0.32 mm, film thickness 0.25 ⁇ m) or the like may be used.
- the peak area ratio in the gas chromatogram corresponds to the ratio of the component compounds.
- the weight% of the component compound of the analysis sample is not completely the same as the area% of each peak of the analysis sample.
- the correction factor is substantially 1. Therefore, the weight% of the component compound in the analysis sample substantially corresponds to the area% of each peak in the analysis sample. This is because there is no significant difference in the correction coefficients of the component liquid crystal compounds.
- an internal standard method using gas chromatogram is used.
- test component liquid crystal compound component
- reference liquid crystal compound reference material
- samples for measuring physical properties of liquid crystal compounds There are two types of samples for measuring the physical property values of the liquid crystal compound: when the compound itself is used as a sample, and when the compound is mixed with a mother liquid crystal as a sample.
- the measurement is performed by the following method. First, 15% by weight of the obtained liquid crystal compound and 85% by weight of the mother liquid crystal are mixed to prepare a sample. Then, an extrapolated value is calculated from the measured value of the obtained sample according to the extrapolation method shown in the following formula. This extrapolated value is taken as the physical property value of this compound.
- ⁇ Extrapolated value> (100 ⁇ ⁇ Measured value of sample> ⁇ ⁇ Weight% of mother liquid crystal> ⁇ ⁇ Measured value of mother liquid crystal> ) / ⁇ % By weight of liquid crystalline compound> Even when the ratio between the liquid crystal compound and the mother liquid crystal is this ratio, when the smectic phase or crystal is precipitated at 25 ° C., the ratio of the liquid crystal compound and the mother liquid crystal is 10% by weight: 90% by weight, 5% by weight: 95% by weight, 1% by weight: 99% by weight.
- the physical properties of the sample were measured with a composition in which the smectic phase or crystals did not precipitate at 25 ° C. An interpolated value is obtained and used as a physical property value of the liquid crystal compound.
- mother liquid crystals i there are various types of mother liquid crystals used in this measurement.
- the composition of the mother liquid crystals i is as follows.
- liquid crystal composition itself was used as a sample for measuring physical properties of the liquid crystal composition.
- Method for measuring physical properties of liquid crystal compounds, etc. The physical property values were measured by the method described later. Many of these measurement methods are those described in the Standard of Electrical Industries Association of Japan EIAJ ED-2521A, or a modified method thereof. Moreover, TFT was not attached to the TN element or VA element used for the measurement.
- the values obtained using the liquid crystal compound itself as a sample and the values obtained using the liquid crystal composition itself as a sample are described as experimental data.
- the value obtained by extrapolation was taken as the extrapolated value.
- Phase structure and transition temperature (°C) Measurement was performed by the methods (1) and (2) below.
- a compound is placed on a hot plate (Mettler FP-52 type hot stage) of a melting point measuring apparatus equipped with a polarizing microscope, and a phase state and its change are observed with a polarizing microscope while heating at a rate of 3 ° C./min. , Identified the type of phase.
- (2) Using a scanning calorimeter DSC-7 system or Diamond DSC system manufactured by PerkinElmer, Inc., the temperature is raised and lowered at a rate of 3 ° C / min, and the start point of the endothermic peak or exothermic peak accompanying the phase change of the sample is excluded.
- the transition temperature was determined by onset.
- the crystal was expressed as C. If a crystal is distinguished into two crystals, it is denoted as C 1 or C 2, respectively. Further, the smectic phase is represented as S and the nematic phase is represented as N. The liquid (isotropic) was designated as I. In the smectic phase, when the smectic B phase or the smectic A phase can be distinguished, they are represented as S B or S A , respectively.
- C 50.0 N 100.0 I means that the transition temperature (CN) from the crystal to the nematic phase is 50.0 ° C., and the transition temperature from the nematic phase to the liquid ( NI) is 100.0 ° C. The same applies to other notations.
- T NI Maximum temperature of nematic phase
- a sample liquid crystal composition liquid crystal composition, or a mixture of a liquid crystal compound and a mother liquid crystal
- a hot plate Metal FP-52 hot stage
- the polarizing microscope was observed while heating at a rate of.
- the temperature at which a part of the sample changed from a nematic phase to an isotropic liquid was defined as the upper limit temperature of the nematic phase.
- the upper limit temperature of the nematic phase may be simply abbreviated as “upper limit temperature”.
- Viscosity ( ⁇ ; measured at 20 ° C .; mPa ⁇ s) It measured using the E-type rotational viscometer.
- Rotational viscosity ( ⁇ 1; measured at 25 ° C .; mPa ⁇ s) The measurement is as described in Imai et al. , Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals, Vol. 259, 37 (1995).
- a sample liquid crystal composition liquid crystal composition or a mixture of a liquid crystal compound and a mother liquid crystal
- This element was applied stepwise in increments of 1 volt in the range of 30 to 50 volts. After no application for 0.2 seconds, the application was repeated under the condition of only one rectangular wave (rectangular pulse; 0.2 seconds) and no application (2 seconds).
- the peak current and peak time of the transient current generated by this application were measured. These measurements and M.I.
- the value of rotational viscosity was obtained from the paper by Imai et al., Calculation formula (8) on page 40.
- the dielectric anisotropy necessary for this calculation was a value measured by the following dielectric anisotropy.
- Dielectric anisotropy ( ⁇ ; measured at 25 ° C) The dielectric anisotropy was measured by the following method. An ethanol (20 mL) solution of octadecyltriethoxysilane (0.16 mL) was applied to a well-cleaned glass substrate. The glass substrate was rotated with a spinner and then heated at 150 ° C. for 1 hour. A VA device having an interval (cell gap) of 20 ⁇ m was assembled from two glass substrates.
- a polyimide alignment film was prepared on a glass substrate. After the alignment film of the obtained glass substrate was rubbed, a TN device in which the distance between the two glass substrates was 9 ⁇ m and the twist angle was 80 degrees was assembled.
- a sample (a liquid crystal composition or a mixture of a liquid crystal compound and a mother liquid crystal) is put into the obtained VA element, 0.5 V (1 kHz, sine wave) is applied, and the liquid crystal molecules in the long axis direction are applied.
- the dielectric constant ( ⁇ ) was measured.
- a sample liquid crystal composition or a mixture of a liquid crystal compound and a mother liquid crystal
- 0.5 V (1 kHz, sine wave) is applied, and the dielectric in the minor axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules.
- the rate ( ⁇ ) was measured.
- the TN device used for the measurement has a polyimide alignment film, and the distance (cell gap) between the two glass substrates is 6 ⁇ m. This element was sealed with an adhesive that was polymerized by ultraviolet rays after a sample (a liquid crystal composition or a mixture of a liquid crystal compound and a mother liquid crystal) was added. The TN device was charged by applying a pulse voltage (60 microseconds at 5 V). The decaying voltage was measured with a high-speed voltmeter for 16.7 milliseconds, and the area A between the voltage curve and the horizontal axis in a unit cycle was obtained. The area B is an area when it is not attenuated. The voltage holding ratio is expressed as a percentage (%) of the area A with respect to the area B.
- Elastic constants K 11 , K 33 ; measured at 25 ° C.
- An EC-1 type elastic constant measuring instrument manufactured by Toyo Technica Co., Ltd. was used for the measurement. A sample was put in a vertical alignment cell in which the distance between two glass substrates (cell gap) was 20 ⁇ m. A 20 to 0 volt charge was applied to the cell, and the capacitance and applied voltage were measured. Fitting the measured values of capacitance (C) and applied voltage (V) using “Liquid Crystal Device Handbook” (Nikkan Kogyo Shimbun), formulas (2.98) and (2.101) on page 75 The value of the elastic constant was obtained from the formula (2.100).
- the obtained organic layer was separated, washed with water, and dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate.
- the obtained solution was concentrated under reduced pressure, and the resulting residue was purified by a fractionation operation by column chromatography using toluene as a developing solvent and silica gel as a filler.
- the product was further purified by recrystallization from ethanol and dried to obtain 18.8 g of ethyl 4-ethoxy-2,3-difluoro-4′-biphenylbenzoate (3).
- the yield based on the compound (1) was 67.9%.
- Second Step 1.4 g of lithium aluminum hydride was suspended in 100 ml of THF. To this suspension, 18.8 g of the compound (3) was added dropwise in the temperature range of ⁇ 20 ° C. to ⁇ 10 ° C., and further stirred in this temperature range for 2 hours. After confirming the completion of the reaction by GC analysis, ethyl acetate and a saturated aqueous ammonia solution were successively added to the reaction mixture under ice cooling, and the precipitate was removed by Celite filtration. The filtrate was extracted with ethyl acetate. The obtained organic layer was washed successively with water and saturated brine, and dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate.
- the product was further purified by recrystallization from heptane, dried, and concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain 12.0 g of (4-ethoxy-2,3-difluoro-4′-biphenyl) methanol (4).
- the yield based on the compound (3) was 74.0%.
- Step 3 Under a nitrogen atmosphere, 12.0 g of Compound (4), 50 ml of toluene and 0.12 ml of pyridine were added to the reactor, and the mixture was stirred at 45 ° C. for 1 hour. Thereafter, 3.6 ml of thionyl chloride was added in the temperature range of 45 ° C. to 55 ° C. and heated to reflux for 2 hours. The reaction solution was cooled to 25 ° C., poured into 200 ml of water and 200 ml of toluene, and mixed. Then, it left still and isolate
- the obtained organic layer was separated, washed twice with saturated aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate, three times with water, and dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate.
- Purified by preparative operation according to Further purification by recrystallization from Solmix A-11 and drying gave 9.4 g of 4'-chloromethyl-4-ethoxy-2,3-difluoro-biphenyl (5).
- the yield based on the compound (4) was 73.2%.
- Step 4 Under a nitrogen atmosphere, 9.4 g of compound (5), 100 ml of toluene and 17.4 g of triphenylphosphine were added to the reactor, and the mixture was heated to reflux for 1 hour. After cooling the reaction solution to 25 ° C., the precipitate is filtered, and the unreacted raw material is washed away three times with toluene, and then the resulting white solid is dried and 4 ′-(4-ethoxy-2,3-difluoro 9.0 g of -1,1'-biphenyl) methyltriphenylphosphonium chloride (6) was obtained. The yield based on the compound (5) was 95.7%.
- the resulting reaction mixture was added and mixed in a container containing 500 ml of 1N HCl aqueous solution and 500 ml of ethyl acetate, and then allowed to stand to separate into an organic layer and an aqueous layer for extraction operation.
- the obtained organic layer was separated, washed with water, saturated aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate, and water, and dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate. Thereafter, the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure to obtain 55.0 g of 8- (4-butoxy-2,3-difluorophenyl) -1,4-dioxaspiro [4.5] dec-8-ol (9). .
- the compound (9) obtained was a yellow oil.
- Step 6 Compound (9) 55.0 g, p-toluenesulfonic acid 1.8 g, and toluene 300 ml were mixed, and the mixture was heated to reflux for 2 hours while removing distilled water. After cooling the reaction mixture to 30 ° C., 500 ml of water and 900 ml of toluene were added to the obtained liquid and mixed, and then allowed to stand to separate into two layers, an organic layer and an aqueous layer, and an extraction operation into the organic layer Went. The obtained organic layer was separated, washed with saturated aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate and water, and dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate.
- the obtained solution was purified by a fractionation operation by column chromatography using toluene as a developing solvent and silica gel as a filler. It was dissolved in a mixed solvent of 150 ml of toluene and 150 ml of Solmix A-11, 3.0 g of Pd / C was further added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature under a hydrogen atmosphere until it did not absorb hydrogen.
- Step 7 Compound (10) 47.8 g, 87% formic acid 67.0 ml, and toluene 200 ml were mixed, and the mixture was heated to reflux for 2 hours. After cooling the reaction mixture to 30 ° C., 500 ml of water and 1000 ml of toluene were added to the obtained liquid and mixed, and then allowed to stand to separate into two layers, an organic layer and an aqueous layer, and an extraction operation into the organic layer Went. The obtained organic layer was separated, washed with water, saturated aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate, and water, and dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate.
- Step 8 Under a nitrogen atmosphere, 40.8 g of well-dried methoxymethyltriphenylphosphonium chloride and 200 ml of THF were mixed and cooled to ⁇ 30 ° C. Thereafter, 13.4 g of potassium t-butoxide (t-BuOK) was added in two portions in the temperature range of ⁇ 30 ° C. to ⁇ 20 ° C. After stirring at ⁇ 20 ° C. for 30 minutes, 28.0 g of Compound (11) dissolved in 100 ml of THF was added dropwise in the temperature range of ⁇ 30 to ⁇ 20 ° C. After stirring at ⁇ 10 ° C.
- t-BuOK potassium t-butoxide
- reaction solution is poured into a mixture of 200 ml of water and 200 ml of toluene, mixed, and allowed to stand to separate into two layers, an organic layer and an aqueous layer, and extracted into the organic layer.
- the operation was performed.
- the obtained organic layer was separated, washed with water, and dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate.
- the obtained solution was concentrated under reduced pressure, and the resulting residue was purified by a preparative operation by column chromatography using toluene as a developing solvent and silica gel as a filler.
- the obtained eluent was concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain 1- (4-butoxy-2,3-difluorophenyl) -4-methoxymethylenecyclohexane.
- This residue was dissolved in 50 ml of toluene, added to a mixed solution of 0.5 g of 95% sodium hydroxide cooled to 7 ° C. and 200 ml of methanol, and stirred at 10 ° C. for 2 hours. Then, 100 ml of 2N sodium hydroxide aqueous solution was added, and it stirred at 5 degreeC for 2 hours.
- the obtained reaction solution was poured into a mixed solution of 500 ml of water and 500 ml of toluene, mixed and then allowed to stand to separate into two layers, an organic layer and an aqueous layer, and an extraction operation into the organic layer was performed. The obtained organic layer was separated, washed with water, and dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate.
- reaction solution is poured into a mixed solution of 100 ml of water and 50 ml of toluene, mixed, and allowed to stand to separate into two layers, an organic layer and an aqueous layer, and extraction to the organic layer Went.
- the obtained organic layer was separated, washed with water, and dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate.
- the resulting solution was concentrated under reduced pressure, and the resulting residue was purified by preparative operation by column chromatography using toluene as a developing solvent and silica gel as a filler, and the eluent was concentrated under reduced pressure.
- the transition temperature is a measured value of the compound itself, and the maximum temperature (T NI ), dielectric anisotropy ( ⁇ ), and optical anisotropy ( ⁇ n) are measured values of a sample in which the compound is mixed with the mother liquid crystal (i).
- T NI maximum temperature
- ⁇ dielectric anisotropy
- ⁇ n optical anisotropy
- the obtained organic layer was separated, washed with water, and dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate.
- Second Step 4.2 g of lithium aluminum hydride was suspended in 300 ml of THF.
- 50.0 g of trans-4- (4-ethoxy-2,3-difluorophenyl) -cyclohexanecarbaldehyde (16) was added dropwise in the temperature range of ⁇ 20 ° C. to ⁇ 10 ° C. Stir for 2 hours in the range.
- ethyl acetate and a saturated aqueous ammonia solution were successively added to the reaction mixture under ice cooling, and the precipitate was removed by Celite filtration. The filtrate was extracted with ethyl acetate.
- Step 3 Under a nitrogen atmosphere, 47.6 g of Compound (17), 300 ml of toluene and 0.5 ml of pyridine were added to the reactor, and the mixture was stirred at 45 ° C. for 1 hour. Thereafter, 14.0 ml of thionyl chloride was added in the temperature range of 45 ° C. to 55 ° C. and heated to reflux for 2 hours. The reaction solution was cooled to 25 ° C., poured into 300 ml of water and 300 ml of toluene, and mixed. Then, it left still and isolate
- the obtained organic layer was separated, washed twice with saturated aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate, three times with water, and dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate.
- Purified by preparative operation according to The product was further purified by recrystallization from Solmix A-11 and dried to obtain 47.6 g of 4-chloromethyl- (4-ethoxy-2,3-difluorophenyl) -cyclohexane (18).
- the yield based on the compound (17) was 93.6%.
- Step 4 Under a nitrogen atmosphere, 100 g of DMF in 100 ml of 4′-butoxy-2 ′, 3′-difluoro-1,1′-hydroxyphenol (15) and tripotassium phosphate (K 3 PO 4 ) 2 g was added and stirred at 70 ° C. 1.7g of compound (18) was added there, and it stirred at 70 degreeC for 7 hours.
- the obtained reaction mixture was cooled to 30 ° C. and separated from a solid by filtration, and then 100 ml of toluene and 100 ml of water were added and mixed. Then, it left still and isolate
- the transition temperature is a measured value of the compound itself, and the maximum temperature (T NI ), dielectric anisotropy ( ⁇ ), and optical anisotropy ( ⁇ n) are measured values of a sample in which the compound is mixed with the mother liquid crystal (i).
- T NI maximum temperature
- ⁇ dielectric anisotropy
- ⁇ n optical anisotropy
- Step 3 Under a nitrogen atmosphere, well-dried trans-4- (4-ethoxy-2,3-difluoro) cyclohexylmethyltriphenylphosphonium iodide (20) (7.1 g) and THF (100 ml) were mixed and heated to ⁇ 10 ° C. Cooled down. Thereafter, 1.2 g of potassium t-butoxide (t-BuOK) was added in two portions at a temperature range of ⁇ 10 ° C. to ⁇ 5 ° C. After stirring at ⁇ 10 ° C. for 60 minutes, 3.0 g of Compound (12) dissolved in 30 ml of THF was added dropwise in a temperature range of ⁇ 10 to ⁇ 5 ° C.
- t-BuOK potassium t-butoxide
- the reaction solution is poured into a mixed solution of 100 ml of water and 50 ml of toluene, mixed, and allowed to stand to separate into two layers, an organic layer and an aqueous layer, and extraction to the organic layer Went.
- the obtained organic layer was separated, washed with water, and dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate.
- the resulting solution was concentrated under reduced pressure, and the resulting residue was purified by preparative operation by column chromatography using toluene as a developing solvent and silica gel as a filler, and the eluent was concentrated under reduced pressure.
- the transition temperature is a measured value of the compound itself, and the maximum temperature (T NI ), dielectric anisotropy ( ⁇ ), and optical anisotropy ( ⁇ n) are measured values of a sample in which the compound is mixed with the mother liquid crystal (i).
- T NI maximum temperature
- ⁇ dielectric anisotropy
- ⁇ n optical anisotropy
- the obtained organic layer was separated, washed with water, saturated aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate, and water, and dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate. Thereafter, the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure, and 4- (1,4-dioxaspiro [4.5] dec-8-yl) -1- (4-butoxy-2,3-difluorophenyl) -cyclohexanol (22 ) 22.7 g was obtained.
- the compound (22) obtained was a yellow oil.
- Second Step 2 2.7 g of compound (22), 0.68 g of p-toluenesulfonic acid, and 200 ml of toluene were mixed, and this mixture was heated to reflux for 2 hours while removing distilled water. After cooling the reaction mixture to 30 ° C., 200 ml of water and 200 ml of toluene were added to the resulting liquid and mixed, and then allowed to stand to separate into two layers, an organic layer and an aqueous layer, and an extraction operation into the organic layer Went. The obtained organic layer was separated, washed with saturated aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate and water, and dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate.
- the obtained solution was purified by a preparative operation by column chromatography using toluene as a developing solvent and silica gel as a filler, and dried. Further, 0.3 g of Pd / C was added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature under a hydrogen atmosphere until it did not absorb hydrogen.
- Step 3 Compound (23) 7.7 g, 87% formic acid 8.7 g, and toluene 100 ml were mixed, and the mixture was heated to reflux for 2 hours. After cooling the reaction mixture to 30 ° C., 200 ml of water and 200 ml of toluene were added to the resulting liquid and mixed, and then allowed to stand to separate into two layers, an organic layer and an aqueous layer, and an extraction operation into the organic layer Went. The obtained organic layer was separated, washed with water, saturated aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate, and water, and dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate.
- reaction solution is poured into a mixture of 200 ml of water and 100 ml of toluene, mixed, and allowed to stand to separate into two layers, an organic layer and an aqueous layer, and extracted into the organic layer.
- the operation was performed.
- the obtained organic layer was separated, washed with water, and dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate.
- the obtained solution was concentrated under reduced pressure, and the resulting residue was purified by a preparative operation by column chromatography using toluene as a developing solvent and silica gel as a filler.
- Step 5 Compound (25) 7.2 g, 87% formic acid 8.4 g, and toluene 100 ml were mixed, and the mixture was heated to reflux for 2 hours. After cooling the reaction mixture to 30 ° C., 200 ml of water and 300 ml of toluene were added to and mixed with the resulting liquid, and then allowed to stand to separate into two layers, an organic layer and an aqueous layer, and an extraction operation into the organic layer Went. The obtained organic layer was separated, washed with water, saturated aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate, and water, and dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate. Thereafter, the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure to obtain 6.5 g of a pale yellow solid.
- the residue was added to a mixed solution of 14 ml of 2N aqueous sodium hydroxide solution cooled to 7 ° C. and 28 ml of 2-propanol, and stirred at 10 ° C. for 2 hours. Then, 20 ml of 2N sodium hydroxide aqueous solution was added, and it stirred at 5 degreeC for 2 hours.
- the obtained reaction solution was poured into a mixed solution of 200 ml of water and 200 ml of toluene, mixed and then allowed to stand to separate into two layers, an organic layer and an aqueous layer, and an extraction operation into the organic layer was performed. The obtained organic layer was separated, washed with water, and dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate.
- Step 6 4.2 g of lithium aluminum hydride was suspended in 300 ml of THF. To this suspension, 6.0 g of 4 ′-(4-butoxy-2,3-difluorophenyl) -bicyclohexyl-trans-4-carbaldehyde (26) was added dropwise at a temperature range of ⁇ 20 ° C. to ⁇ 10 ° C. The mixture was further stirred at this temperature range for 2 hours. After confirming the completion of the reaction by GC analysis, ethyl acetate and a saturated aqueous ammonia solution were successively added to the reaction mixture under ice cooling, and the precipitate was removed by Celite filtration. The filtrate was extracted with ethyl acetate.
- Step 7 Under a nitrogen atmosphere, 6.0 g of Compound (27), 100 ml of toluene and 0.1 ml of pyridine were added to the reactor, and the mixture was stirred at 45 ° C. for 1 hour. Thereafter, 1.4 ml of thionyl chloride was added in the temperature range of 45 ° C. to 55 ° C. and heated to reflux for 2 hours. The reaction solution was cooled to 25 ° C., poured into 100 ml of water and 100 ml of toluene, and mixed. Then, it left still and isolate
- Step 8 Under a nitrogen atmosphere, 3.3 g of 4-ethoxy-2,3-difluorophenol (15) and 16.8 g of tripotassium phosphate (K 3 PO 4 ) were added to 100 ml of DMF, and the mixture was stirred at 80 ° C. The compound (28) 6.2g was added there, and it stirred at 80 degreeC for 7 hours. The obtained reaction mixture was cooled to 30 ° C. and separated from a solid by filtration, and then 100 ml of toluene and 100 ml of water were added and mixed. Then, it left still and isolate
- tripotassium phosphate K 3 PO 4
- the transition temperature is a measured value of the compound itself, and the maximum temperature (T NI ), dielectric anisotropy ( ⁇ ), and optical anisotropy ( ⁇ n) are measured values of a sample in which the compound is mixed with the mother liquid crystal (i).
- T NI maximum temperature
- ⁇ dielectric anisotropy
- ⁇ n optical anisotropy
- the obtained organic layer was separated, washed with water, and dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate.
- the chemical shift ⁇ (ppm) of 1 H-NMR analysis is as follows, and the resulting compound is trans-4- (4-ethoxy-2,3-difluorophenyl) cyclohexylbenzoic acid trans-4′-butoxy -2 ′, 3′-difluoro-1,1′-biphenyl ester (No. 2379) could be identified.
- the measurement solvent is CDCl 3 .
- the transition temperature is a measured value of the compound itself, and the maximum temperature (T NI ), dielectric anisotropy ( ⁇ ), and optical anisotropy ( ⁇ n) are measured values of a sample in which the compound is mixed with the mother liquid crystal (i).
- T NI maximum temperature
- ⁇ dielectric anisotropy
- ⁇ n optical anisotropy
- Second Step 97 g of the compound (32), 0.29 g of p-toluenesulfonic acid, and 200 ml of toluene were mixed, and this mixture was heated to reflux for 2 hours while removing distilled water. After cooling the reaction mixture to 30 ° C., 200 ml of water and 200 ml of toluene were added to the resulting liquid and mixed, and then allowed to stand to separate into two layers, an organic layer and an aqueous layer, and an extraction operation into the organic layer Went. The obtained organic layer was separated, washed with saturated aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate and water, and dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate.
- the obtained solution was purified by a preparative operation by column chromatography using toluene as a developing solvent and silica gel as a filler, and dried.
- the yield based on the compound (31) was 55.5%.
- the transition temperature is a measured value of the compound itself, and the maximum temperature (T NI ), dielectric anisotropy ( ⁇ ), and optical anisotropy ( ⁇ n) are measured values of a sample in which the compound is mixed with the mother liquid crystal (i).
- the transition temperature is a measured value of the compound itself, and the maximum temperature (T NI ), dielectric anisotropy ( ⁇ ), and optical anisotropy ( ⁇ n) are measured values of a sample in which the compound is mixed with the mother liquid crystal (i).
- T NI maximum temperature
- ⁇ dielectric anisotropy
- ⁇ n optical anisotropy
- the transition temperature is a measured value of the compound itself, and the maximum temperature (T NI ), dielectric anisotropy ( ⁇ ), and optical anisotropy ( ⁇ n) are measured values of a sample in which the compound is mixed with the mother liquid crystal (i).
- T NI maximum temperature
- ⁇ dielectric anisotropy
- ⁇ n optical anisotropy
- the transition temperature is a measured value of the compound itself, and the maximum temperature (T NI ), dielectric anisotropy ( ⁇ ), and optical anisotropy ( ⁇ n) are measured values of a sample in which the compound is mixed with the mother liquid crystal (i).
- T NI maximum temperature
- ⁇ dielectric anisotropy
- ⁇ n optical anisotropy
- the transition temperature is a measured value of the compound itself, and the maximum temperature (T NI ), dielectric anisotropy ( ⁇ ), and optical anisotropy ( ⁇ n) are measured values of a sample in which the compound is mixed with the mother liquid crystal (i).
- T NI maximum temperature
- ⁇ dielectric anisotropy
- ⁇ n optical anisotropy
- the transition temperature is a measured value of the compound itself, and the maximum temperature (T NI ), dielectric anisotropy ( ⁇ ), and optical anisotropy ( ⁇ n) are measured values of a sample in which the compound is mixed with the mother liquid crystal (i).
- T NI maximum temperature
- ⁇ dielectric anisotropy
- ⁇ n optical anisotropy
- the transition temperature is a measured value of the compound itself, and the maximum temperature (T NI ), dielectric anisotropy ( ⁇ ), and optical anisotropy ( ⁇ n) are measured values of a sample in which the compound is mixed with the mother liquid crystal (i).
- T NI maximum temperature
- ⁇ dielectric anisotropy
- ⁇ n optical anisotropy
- the transition temperature is a measured value of the compound itself, and the maximum temperature (T NI ), dielectric anisotropy ( ⁇ ), and optical anisotropy ( ⁇ n) are measured values of a sample in which the compound is mixed with the mother liquid crystal (i).
- T NI maximum temperature
- ⁇ dielectric anisotropy
- ⁇ n optical anisotropy
- the transition temperature is a measured value of the compound itself, and the maximum temperature (T NI ), dielectric anisotropy ( ⁇ ), and optical anisotropy ( ⁇ n) are measured values of a sample in which the compound is mixed with the mother liquid crystal (i).
- T NI maximum temperature
- ⁇ dielectric anisotropy
- ⁇ n optical anisotropy
- the transition temperature is a measured value of the compound itself, and the maximum temperature (T NI ), dielectric anisotropy ( ⁇ ), and optical anisotropy ( ⁇ n) are measured values of a sample in which the compound is mixed with the mother liquid crystal (i).
- T NI maximum temperature
- ⁇ dielectric anisotropy
- ⁇ n optical anisotropy
- the transition temperature is a measured value of the compound itself, and the maximum temperature (T NI ), dielectric anisotropy ( ⁇ ), and optical anisotropy ( ⁇ n) are measured values of a sample in which the compound is mixed with the mother liquid crystal (i).
- T NI maximum temperature
- ⁇ dielectric anisotropy
- ⁇ n optical anisotropy
- the transition temperature is a measured value of the compound itself, and the maximum temperature (T NI ), dielectric anisotropy ( ⁇ ), and optical anisotropy ( ⁇ n) are measured values of a sample in which the compound is mixed with the mother liquid crystal (i).
- T NI maximum temperature
- ⁇ dielectric anisotropy
- ⁇ n optical anisotropy
- the transition temperature is a measured value of the compound itself, and the maximum temperature (T NI ), dielectric anisotropy ( ⁇ ), and optical anisotropy ( ⁇ n) are measured values of a sample in which the compound is mixed with the mother liquid crystal (i).
- the transition temperature is a measured value of the compound itself, and the maximum temperature (T NI ), dielectric anisotropy ( ⁇ ), and optical anisotropy ( ⁇ n) are measured values of a sample in which the compound is mixed with the mother liquid crystal (i).
- T NI maximum temperature
- ⁇ dielectric anisotropy
- ⁇ n optical anisotropy
- the transition temperature is a measured value of the compound itself, and the maximum temperature (T NI ), dielectric anisotropy ( ⁇ ), and optical anisotropy ( ⁇ n) are measured values of a sample in which the compound is mixed with the mother liquid crystal (i).
- T NI maximum temperature
- ⁇ dielectric anisotropy
- ⁇ n optical anisotropy
- transition temperature of compound (A) was as follows. Transition temperature: C 66.9 S B 79.9 N 185.1 I
- a liquid crystal comprising 85% by weight of the mother liquid crystal i and 15% by weight of the synthesized trans-4-propyl-trans-4 ′-(2,3-difluoroethoxyphenyl) -1,1′-bicyclohexyl (A).
- Composition ii was prepared.
- the physical property value of the obtained liquid crystal composition ii was measured, and the extrapolated value of the physical property of the comparative compound (A) was calculated by extrapolating the measured value.
- the liquid crystal compound (No. 17) is a compound that has a high maximum temperature (T NI ), a large optical anisotropy ( ⁇ n), and a negative dielectric anisotropy ( ⁇ ). I found out.
- the transition temperature of compound (C) was as follows. Transition temperature: C 71.8 S B 298.2 N 330.7 I
- the mother liquid crystal i was 97% by weight and the synthesized trans-4-pentyl-trans-4 ′′-(2,3-difluoroethoxyphenyl) -1,1 ′, 4 ′, 1 ′′ -tercyclohexyl (C)
- a liquid crystal composition iv comprising 3% by weight of was prepared.
- the physical property value of the obtained liquid crystal composition iv was measured, and the extrapolated value of the physical property of the comparative compound (C) was calculated by extrapolating the measured value.
- Liquid Crystal Compound (No. 197) 97% by weight of base liquid crystal i and trans-4-[(4′-ethoxy-2 ′, 3′-difluoro-1,1′-biphenyl) obtained in Example 7 ) -4-butoxy-2,3-difluorophenyl] cyclohexane (No. 197) was prepared to prepare a liquid crystal composition v consisting of 3% by weight.
- the physical property value of the obtained liquid crystal composition v was measured, and the extrapolated value of the physical property of the liquid crystal compound (No. 197) was calculated by extrapolating the measured value.
- the elastic constant K 33 of the liquid crystal composition v was 13.97 pN.
- the liquid crystalline compound (No. 197) is a compound that has a high maximum temperature (T NI ), a large optical anisotropy ( ⁇ n), and a negative dielectric anisotropy ( ⁇ ). I found out.
- the compound had a large optical anisotropy ( ⁇ n), a negative dielectric anisotropy ( ⁇ ), and a large elastic constant K 33 as compared with the comparative compound (C).
- transition temperature of compound (F) was as follows. Transition temperature: C 149.8 N 306.7 I
- the base liquid crystal i is 95% by weight and the synthesized 4-ethoxy-4 ′ ′′-pentyl-2 ′ ′′, 3 ′ ′′, 2,3-tetrafluoro-1,1 ′, 4 ′, 1 ′′, A liquid crystal composition v comprising 5% by weight of 4 ′′, 1 ′ ′′-quarterphenyl (F) was prepared.
- the physical property value of the obtained liquid crystal composition v was measured, and the extrapolated value of the physical property of the comparative compound (F) was calculated by extrapolating the measured value.
- the elastic constant K 33 of the liquid crystal composition v was 15.78 pN.
- the chemical shift ⁇ (ppm) of 1 H-NMR analysis is as follows, and the obtained compound is 4-ethoxy-4 ′ ′′-pentyl-2 ′ ′′, 2,3-trifluoro-1, 1 ′, 4 ′, 1 ′′, 4 ′′, 1 ′ ′′-quarterphenyl (F) could be identified.
- the measurement solvent is CDCl 3 .
- transition temperature of compound (G) was as follows. Transition temperature: C 138.7 S A 180.2 N 307.8 I
- the mother liquid crystal i is 95% by weight, and the synthesized 4-ethoxy-4 ′ ′′-pentyl-2 ′ ′′, 2,3-trifluoro-1,1 ′, 4 ′, 1 ′′, 4 ′′, 1
- a liquid crystal composition v consisting of 5% by weight of “′′ -quarterphenyl (G) was prepared.
- the physical property value of the obtained liquid crystal composition v was measured, and the extrapolated value of the physical property of the comparative compound (G) was calculated by extrapolating the measured value.
- the elastic constant K 33 of the liquid crystal composition v was 15.40 pN.
- the mother liquid crystal i is 95% by weight, and the synthesized 4-ethoxy-4 ′ ′′-pentyl-3 ′ ′′, 2,3-trifluoro-1,1 ′, 4 ′, 1 ′′, 4 ′′, 1
- a liquid crystal composition v comprising 5% by weight of “′′ -quarterphenyl (H) was prepared.
- the physical property value of the obtained liquid crystal composition v was measured, and the extrapolated value of the physical property of the comparative compound (H) was calculated by extrapolating the measured value.
- the elastic constant K 33 of the liquid crystal composition v was 15.32 pN.
- liquid crystal compound (No. 17) 90% by weight of mother liquid crystal i and 4- (4-ethoxy-2,3-difluorophenyl) -4 ′-(4-butoxy-2, A liquid crystal composition vi comprising 10% by weight of 3-difluorophenyl) -1,1′-bicyclohexyl (No. 17) was prepared.
- the physical property value of the obtained liquid crystal composition vi was measured, and the extrapolated value of the physical property of the liquid crystal compound (No. 17) was calculated by extrapolating the measured value.
- the elastic constant K 33 of the liquid crystal composition v was 17.45 pN.
- the liquid crystal compound (No. 17) is a compound having a low melting point, a high dielectric anisotropy ( ⁇ ), and a large elastic constant K 33 .
- the compound is a compound having a large dielectric anisotropy ( ⁇ ), a low melting point, and a large elastic constant K 33 as compared with the comparative compounds (F), (G), and (H). It was.
- the transition temperature of compound (I) was as follows. Transition temperature: C 146.1 N 209.0 I
- the mother liquid crystal i is 95% by weight and the synthesized 4-ethoxy-2,3,2 ′′, 3 ′′ -tetrafluoro-4 ′′-(4-pentylphenylethyl) -1,1 ′′ -terphenyl (
- a liquid crystal composition vi comprising 5% by weight of I) was prepared.
- the physical property value of the obtained liquid crystal composition vi was measured, and the extrapolated value of the physical property of the comparative compound (I) was calculated by extrapolating the measured value.
- the elastic constant K 33 of the liquid crystal composition vi was 14.37 pN.
- Liquid Crystalline Compound (No. 3227) 95% by weight of mother liquid crystals i and 1-butoxy-trans-4- (4- (4- (4-ethoxy-2,3-difluorophenyl) obtained in Example 7
- a liquid crystal composition vii consisting of 5% by weight of) phenyl) cyclohexyl) -2,3-difluorobenzene (No. 3227) was prepared.
- the physical property value of the obtained liquid crystal composition vii was measured, and the extrapolated value of the physical property of the liquid crystal compound (No. 3227) was calculated by extrapolating the measured value.
- the elastic constant K 33 of the liquid crystal composition vii was 14.8 pN.
- the liquid crystal compound (No. 3227) has a low melting point, a high maximum temperature (T NI ), a large optical anisotropy ( ⁇ n), a small viscosity ( ⁇ ), and a dielectric anisotropy ( ⁇ ). ) was found to be a compound that can be negatively increased.
- the dielectric constant anisotropy ( ⁇ ) is negatively high, the melting point is low, the viscosity ( ⁇ ) is small, and the elastic constant K 33 is large as compared with the comparative compound (I). .
- Examples of liquid crystal composition Hereinafter, the liquid crystal composition obtained by the present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples.
- the liquid crystalline compounds used in the examples are represented by symbols based on the definitions in Table 1 below.
- Table 1 the configuration of 1,4-cyclohexylene is a trans configuration.
- the ratio (percentage) of each compound is a weight percentage (% by weight) based on the total weight of the liquid crystal composition unless otherwise specified.
- the characteristic values of the liquid crystal composition obtained at the end of each example are shown.
- the number described in the portion of the liquid crystal compound used in each example corresponds to the formula number indicating the liquid crystal compound used for the first to third components of the present invention described above. When not described, but simply described as “-”, this means that the compound is another compound that does not correspond to these components.
- the characteristic values were measured according to the following method. Many of these measurement methods are the methods described in the Standards of the Electronic Industries Association of Japan (Standard of Industries, Association of Japan) EIAJ ED-2521A, or modified methods thereof.
- nematic phase (NI; ° C) A sample was placed on a hot plate of a melting point measurement apparatus equipped with a polarizing microscope and heated at a rate of 1 ° C./min. The temperature was measured when a part of the sample changed from a nematic phase to an isotropic liquid.
- upper limit temperature the upper limit temperature of the nematic phase
- Viscosity ( ⁇ ; measured at 20 ° C .; mPa ⁇ s) An E-type viscometer was used for the measurement.
- Dielectric anisotropy ( ⁇ ; measured at 25 ° C.) An ethanol (20 mL) solution of octadecyltriethoxysilane (0.16 mL) was applied to a well-cleaned glass substrate. The glass substrate was rotated with a spinner and then heated at 150 ° C. for 1 hour. A VA device having an interval (cell gap) of 20 ⁇ m was assembled from two glass substrates.
- a polyimide alignment film was prepared on a glass substrate. After the alignment film of the obtained glass substrate was rubbed, a TN device in which the distance between the two glass substrates was 9 ⁇ m and the twist angle was 80 degrees was assembled.
- a sample (a liquid crystal composition or a mixture of a liquid crystal compound and a mother liquid crystal) is put into the obtained VA element, 0.5 V (1 kHz, sine wave) is applied, and a dielectric constant (in the major axis direction of liquid crystal molecules) ⁇ ) was measured.
- a sample liquid crystal composition liquid crystal composition or a mixture of a liquid crystal compound and a mother liquid crystal
- 0.5 V (1 kHz, sine wave) is applied, and the short axis of liquid crystal molecules
- the dielectric constant ( ⁇ ) in the direction was measured.
- a composition having a negative value is a composition having a negative dielectric anisotropy.
- VHR Voltage holding ratio
- a sample was put in a cell having a polyimide alignment film and a distance (cell gap) between two glass substrates of 6 ⁇ m to produce a TN device.
- the TN device was charged by applying a pulse voltage (60 ⁇ sec at 5 V).
- the waveform of the voltage applied to the TN device was observed with a cathode ray oscilloscope, and the area between the voltage curve and the horizontal axis in a unit cycle (16.7 milliseconds) was determined.
- the area was similarly determined from the waveform of the voltage applied after removing the TN element.
- VHR-1 The voltage holding ratio thus obtained is indicated as “VHR-1”.
- this TN device was heated at 100 ° C. for 250 hours. After returning the TN device to 25 ° C., the voltage holding ratio was measured by the same method as described above. The voltage holding ratio obtained after this heating test was indicated as “VHR-2”. This heating test is an accelerated test, and was used as a test corresponding to the long-term durability test of the TN device.
- a liquid crystal compound having a high negative dielectric anisotropy is a liquid crystal composition containing this liquid crystalline compound. Since this liquid crystal composition is contained, it becomes a liquid crystal display element having a wide usable temperature range, a short response time, a small power consumption, a large contrast, and a low driving voltage, and can be used for displays such as a clock, a calculator, and a word processor. .
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Abstract
Description
(1)化学的に安定であること、および物理的に安定であること
(2)高い透明点(液晶相-等方相の転移温度)を有すること
(3)液晶相(ネマチック相、スメクチック相等)の下限温度、特にネマチック相の下限温度が低いこと
(4)粘度が小さいこと
(5)適切な光学異方性を有すること
(6)負で絶対値が大きい誘電率異方性を有すること
(7)適切な弾性定数K33(K33:ベンド弾性定数)を有すること
(8)他の液晶性化合物との相溶性に優れること
である。
また、(2)および(3)のように、高い透明点、あるいは液晶相の低い下限温度を有する液晶性化合物を含む組成物では、ネマチック相の温度範囲を広げることが可能となり、幅広い温度領域で表示素子として使用することが可能となる。
環A1および環A2は独立して、1,4-フェニレン、トランス-1,4-シクロへキシレン、1,4-シクロヘキセニレン、テトラヒドロピラン-2,5-ジイル、1,3-ジオキサン-2,5-ジイル、ピリミジン-2,5-ジイル、またはピリジン-2,5-ジイルであるが、環A1および環A2が同時に1,4-フェニレンであることはなく;
L1、L2、L3およびL4は独立して、水素またはフッ素であり、これらのうち少なくとも3つはフッ素であり;
Z1およびZ2は独立して、単結合、-CH2CH2-、-CH=CH-、-C≡C-、-CH2O-、-OCH2-、-COO-、または-OCO-である。
環A3は、1,4-フェニレン、トランス-1,4-シクロへキシレン、1,4-シクロヘキセニレン、またはテトラヒドロピラン-2,5-ジイルであり;
環A4は、トランス-1,4-シクロへキシレン、1,4-シクロヘキセニレン、またはテトラヒドロピラン-2,5-ジイルであり;
L5、L6、L7およびL8は独立して、水素またはフッ素であり、これらのうち少なくとも3つはフッ素であり;
Z3は独立して、単結合、-CH2CH2-、-CH=CH-、-CH2O-、-OCH2-、-COO-、または-OCO-である。
環A5および環A6は独立して、1,4-フェニレン、トランス-1,4-シクロへキシレン、1,4-シクロヘキセニレン、またはテトラヒドロピラン-2,5-ジイルであるが、環A5および環A6が同時に1,4-フェニレンであることはなく;
L9、L10、L11およびL12は独立して、水素またはフッ素であり、これらのうち少なくとも3つはフッ素であり;
Z4は独立して、-CH2CH2-、-CH=CH-、-CH2O-、-OCH2-、-COO-、または-OCO-である。
Z5は、単結合、-CH2CH2-、-CH=CH-、-CH2O-、-OCH2-、-COO-、または-OCO-である。
Z6は独立して、-CH2CH2-、-CH=CH-、-CH2O-、-OCH2-、-COO-、または-OCO-である。
環A11、環A12、環A13、および環A14は独立して、トランス-1,4-シクロへキシレン、1,4-フェニレン、2-フルオロ-1,4-フェニレン、3-フルオロ-1,4-フェニレン、ピリミジン-2,5-ジイル、1,3-ジオキサン-2,5-ジイル、またはテトラヒドロピラン-2,5-ジイルであり;
Z11、Z12、およびZ13は独立して、単結合、-CH2CH2-、-CH=CH-、-C≡C-、-COO-、または-CH2O-である。
環A21、環A22、および環A23は独立して、トランス-1,4-シクロへキシレン、1,4-フェニレン、2-フルオロ-1,4-フェニレン、3-フルオロ-1,4-フェニレン、2,3-ジフルオロ-1,4-フェニレン、ピリミジン-2,5-ジイル、1,3-ジオキサン-2,5-ジイル、またはテトラヒドロピラン-2,5-ジイルであり;
Z21、Z22、およびZ23は独立して、単結合、-CH2CH2-、-CH=CH-、-C≡C-、-OCF2-、-CF2O-、-OCF2CH2CH2-、-CH2CH2CF2O-、-COO-、-OCO-、-OCH2-、または-CH2O-であり;
Y1、Y2、Y3、およびY4は独立して、フッ素または塩素であり;
q、r、およびsは独立して、0、1、または2であり、q+rは1または2であり、q+r+sは1、2、または3であり;
tは0、1、または2である。
環A24は、トランス-1,4-シクロへキシレン、1,4-シクロヘキセニレン、1,4-フェニレン、またはテトラヒドロピラン-2,5-ジイルであり;
環A25は、トランス-1,4-シクロへキシレン、1,4-フェニレン、2-フルオロ-1,4-フェニレンまたは3-フルオロ-1,4-フェニレンであり;
Z27は独立して、単結合、-CH2O-、-COO-または-CF2O-であり;
X1、およびX2は、共にフッ素、または一方がフッ素で他方が水素である。
〔23〕 第三成分が、式(g-1-1)~(g-2-3)で表される化合物群から選択される少なくとも1つの化合物である、項〔22〕に記載の、液晶組成物。
Z24、Z25、およびZ26は独立して、単結合、-CH2CH2-、-COO-、-OCO-、-CH2O-、または-OCH2-であり;
Y1、およびY2は、共にフッ素、または一方がフッ素で他方が塩素である。
なお、以下説明中では、特に断りのない限り、百分率で表した化合物の量は組成物の全重量に基づいた重量百分率(重量%)を意味する。
〔液晶性化合物(a)〕
本発明の液晶性化合物は、式(a)で示される構造を有する(以下、これら化合物を「化合物(a)」ともいう。)。
Z1およびZ2は独立して、単結合、-CH2CH2-、-CH=CH-、-C≡C-、-CH2O-、-OCH2-、-COO-、または-OCO-である。
アルケニルには、アルケニル中の二重結合の位置に依存して、-CH=CH-の好ましい立体配置がある。
アルコキシの具体例としては、-OCH3、-OC2H5、-OC3H7、-OC4H9、-OC5H11、-OC6H13、-OC7H15、-OC8H17、またはOC9H19を挙げることができ;
アルコキシアルキルの具体例としては、-CH2OCH3、-CH2OC2H5、-CH2OC3H7、-(CH2)2OCH3、-(CH2)2OC2H5、-(CH2)2OC3H7、-(CH2)3OCH3、-(CH2)4OCH3、または(CH2)5OCH3を挙げることができ;
アルケニルの具体例としては、-CH=CH2、-CH=CHCH3、-CH2CH=CH2、-CH=CHC2H5、-CH2CH=CHCH3、-(CH2)2CH=CH2、-CH=CHC3H7、-CH2CH=CHC2H5、-(CH2)2CH=CHCH3、または(CH2)3CH=CH2を挙げることができ;
アルケニルオキシの具体例としては、-OCH2CH=CH2、-OCH2CH=CHCH3、またはOCH2CH=CHC2H5を挙げることができる。
これら液晶性化合物(a)では、R1、R2、環A1、環A2、Z1およびZ2を適宜選択することにより、誘電率異方性などの物性を所望の物性に調整することが可能である。
Z5は、単結合、-CH2CH2-、-CH=CH-、-CH2O-、-OCH2-、-COO-、または-OCO-である。
Z6は独立して、-CH2CH2-、-CH=CH-、-CH2O-、-OCH2-、-COO-、または-OCO-である。
液晶性化合物(a)は、有機合成化学の合成手法を適切に組み合わせることにより合成することができる。出発物に目的の末端基、環、および結合基を導入する方法は、例えば、オーガニックシンセシス(Organic Syntheses, John Wiley & Sons, Inc)、オーガニック・リアクションズ(Organic Reactions, John Wiley & Sons, Inc)、コンプリヘンシブ・オーガニック・シンセシス(Comprehensive Organic Synthesis, Pergamon Press)、新実験化学講座(丸善)などの成書に記載されている。
結合基Z1またはZ2を形成する方法の一例を示す。結合基を形成するスキームを以下示す。このスキームにおいて、MSG1またはMSG2は1価の有機基である。スキームで用いた複数のMSG1(またはMSG2)は、同一であってもよいし、または異なってもよい。化合物(1A)から(1E)は液晶性化合物(a)に相当する。
一価の有機基MSG2を有する有機ハロゲン化合物(a1)とマグネシウムとを反応させ、グリニャール試薬を調製する。これら調製したグリニャール試薬あるいはリチウム塩と、アルデヒド誘導体(a2)とを反応させることにより、対応するアルコール誘導体を合成する。ついで、p-トルエンスルホン酸等の酸触媒を用いて、得られたアルコール誘導体の脱水反応を行うことにより、対応する化合物(1A)を合成することができる。
化合物(1A)を炭素担持パラジウム(Pd/C)のような触媒の存在下で水素化することにより、化合物(1B)を合成することができる。
有機ハロゲン化合物(a1)とマグネシウム、またはブチルリチウムとを反応させ、グリニャール試薬、またはリチウム塩を調製する。この調製したグリニャール試薬、またはリチウム塩とホウ酸トリメチルなどのホウ酸エステルを反応させ、塩酸などの酸で加水分解することによりジヒドロキシボラン誘導体(a5)を合成する。そのジヒドロキシボラン誘導体(a5)と有機ハロゲン化合物(a6)とを、例えば、炭酸塩水溶液とテトラキス(トリフェニルホスフィン)パラジウム(Pd(PPh3)4)とからなる触媒の存在下で反応させることにより、化合物(1C)を合成することができる。
ジヒドロキシボラン誘導体(a5)を過酸化水素等の酸化剤により酸化し、アルコール誘導体(a7)を得る。別途、アルデヒド誘導体(a3)を水素化ホウ素ナトリウムなどの還元剤で還元してアルコール誘導体(a8)を得る。得られたアルコール誘導体(a8)を臭化水素酸等でハロゲン化して有機ハロゲン化合物(a9)を得る。このようにして得られたアルコール誘導体(a8)と有機ハロゲン化合物(a9)とを炭酸カリウムなどの存在下反応させることにより化合物(1D)を合成することができる。
化合物(a6)にn-ブチルリチウムを、続いて二酸化炭素を反応させてカルボン酸誘導体(a10)を得る。カルボン酸誘導体(a10)と、フェノール誘導体(a11)とをDDC(1,3-ジシクロヘキシルカルボジイミド)とDMAP(4-ジメチルアミノピリジン)の存在下で脱水させて-COO-を有する化合物(1E)を合成することができる。この方法によって-OCO-を有する化合物も合成することができる。
ジクロロパラジウムとハロゲン化銅との触媒存在下で、化合物(a6)に2-メチル-3-ブチン-2-オールを反応させたのち、塩基性条件下で脱保護して化合物(a12)を得る。ジクロロパラジウムとハロゲン化銅との触媒存在下、化合物(a12)を化合物(a1)と反応させて、化合物(1F)を合成する。
トランス-1,4-シクロへキシレン、シクロヘキセン-1,4-ジイル、1,3-ジオキサン-2,5-ジイル、テトラヒドロピラン-2,5-ジイル、1,4-フェニレン、ピリミジン-2,5-ジイル、およびピリジン-2,5-ジイルなどの環に関しては出発物が市販されているか、または合成法がよく知られている。
以下、液晶性化合物(a)、すなわち一般式(a)で示される液晶性化合物の製造例を示す。
別途、ジフルオロベンゼン誘導体(b7)とsec-BuLiとを反応させリチウム塩を調製する。このリチウム塩とカルボニル誘導体(b8)とを反応させて、アルコール誘導体(b9)を得る。p-トルエンスルホン酸等の酸触媒の存在下、得られたアルコール誘導体(b9)の脱水反応を行い、さらに、Pd/C等の触媒存在下、水素添加反応を行うことにより、化合物(b10)を得る。得られた化合物(b10)をギ酸等で反応させて、カルボニル誘導体(b11)を得る。得られた化合物(b11)とメトキシメチルトリフェニルホスホニウムクロリドとをカリウムt-ブトキシド等の塩基の存在下反応させさらに、ギ酸等で反応させることにより、アルデヒド誘導体(b12)を得る。
上述の操作で得られた化合物(b6)とアルデヒド誘導体(b12)とをカリウムt-ブトキシド等の塩基の存在下、Wittig反応させ、さらに、Pd/C等の触媒存在下、水素添加反応を行うことによりることにより、本発明の液晶性化合物(a)の一例である(b13)を製造することができる。
以下、本発明の液晶組成物について説明をする。この液晶組成物の成分は、少なくとも一種の液晶性化合物(a)を含むことを特徴とするが、液晶性化合物(a)を2種以上含んでいてもよく、液晶性化合物(a)のみから構成されていてもよい。また本発明の液晶組成物を調製するときには、例えば、液晶性化合物(a)の誘電率異方性を考慮して成分を選択することもできる。成分を選択した液晶組成物は、粘度が低く、高い負の誘電率異方性を有し、適切な弾性定数K33を有し、しきい値電圧が低く、さらに、ネマチック相の上限温度(ネマチック相-等方相の相転移温度)が高く、ネマチック相の下限温度が低い。
本発明の液晶組成物は、液晶性化合物(a)に加え、第二成分として式(e-1)~(e-3)で表される液晶性化合物(以下、それぞれ化合物(e-1)~(e-3)ともいう。)の群から選択された少なくとも1つの化合物をさらに含有する(以下、液晶組成物(1)ともいう。)。
本発明の液晶組成物としては、第一成分および第二成分に加えてさらに、第三成分として式(g-1)~(g-6)で表される液晶性化合物(以下、それぞれ化合物(g-1)~(g-6)ともいう。)の群から選択される少なくとも1つの化合物を含有させた液晶組成物も好ましい(以下、液晶組成物(2)ともいう。)。
本発明の液晶組成物としては、第一成分および第二成分に加えてさらに、第三成分として式(i-1)~(i-4)で表される液晶性化合物(以下、それぞれ化合物(i-1)~(i-4)ともいう。)の群から選択される少なくとも1つの化合物を含有させた液晶組成物も好ましい(以下、液晶組成物(3)ともいう。)。
本発明に係る液晶組成物の第一成分、第二成分、および第三成分の含有割合は特に制限はされないが、液晶組成物の全重量に基づいて、液晶性化合物(a)の含有割合が5~60重量%の範囲、第二成分の含有割合が20~75重量%の範囲、第三成分の含有割合が20~75重量%の範囲であることが好ましい。
本発明に係る液晶組成物では、第一成分、第二成分、および必要に応じて添加する第三成分を構成する液晶性化合物に加えて、例えば液晶組成物の特性をさらに調整する目的で、さらに他の液晶性化合物を添加して使用する場合がある。また、例えばコストの観点から、本発明の液晶組成物では、第一成分、第二成分、および必要に応じて添加する第三成分を構成する液晶性化合物以外の液晶性化合物は添加せずに使用する場合もある。
光学活性化合物を本発明に係る液晶組成物に添加した場合には、液晶にらせん構造を誘起して、ねじれ角を与えることなどができる。
消泡剤を本発明に係る液晶組成物に添加した場合には、液晶組成物の運搬中、あるいは該液晶組成物から液晶表示素子を製造工程中で、発泡を抑制することなどが可能となる。
ベンゾフェノン系紫外線吸収剤の具体例は、2-ヒドロキシ-4-n-オクトキシベンゾフェノンである。
トリアゾール系紫外線吸収剤の具体例は、2-(2-ヒドロキシ-5-メチルフェニル)ベンゾトリアゾール、2-[2-ヒドロキシ-3-(3,4,5,6-テトラヒドロキシフタルイミド-メチル)-5-メチルフェニル]ベンゾトリアゾール、および2-(3-t-ブチル-2-ヒドロキシ-5-メチルフェニル)-5-クロロベンゾトリアゾールである。
特に、液晶組成物の物性値を変化させずに酸化防止効果が高いという観点からは、式(I)で表される酸化防止剤が好ましい。
6-ジ-t-ブチル-4-ドデシルフェノール、2,6-ジ-t-ブチル-4-トリデシルフェノール、2,6-ジ-t-ブチル-4-テトラデシルフェノール、2,6-ジ-t-ブチル-4-ペンタデシルフェノール、2,2’-メチレンビス(6-t-ブチルー4-メチルフェノール)、4,4’-ブチリデンビス(6-t-ブチル-3-メチルフェノール)、2,6-ジ-t-ブチル-4-(2-オクタデシルオキシカルボニル)エチルフェノール、およびペンタエリスリトールテトラキス[3-(3,5-ジ-t-ブチル-4-ヒドロキシフェニル)プロピオネート]である。
本発明に係る液晶組成物は、例えば、各成分を構成する化合物が液体の場合には、それぞれの化合物を混合し振とうさせることにより、また固体を含む場合には、それぞれの化合物を混合し、加熱溶解によってお互い液体にしてから振とうさせることにより調製することができる。また、本発明に係る液晶組成物はその他の公知の方法により調製することも可能である。
本発明に係る液晶組成物では、ネマチック相の上限温度を70℃以上とすること、ネマチック相の下限温度は-20℃以下とすることができ、ネマチック相の温度範囲が広い。したがって、この液晶組成物を含む液晶表示素子は広い温度領域で使用することが可能である。
また、本発明に係る液晶組成物では、通常、-5.0~-2.0の範囲の誘電率異方性、好ましくは、-4.5~-2.5の範囲の誘電率異方性を有する液晶組成物を得ることができる。-4.5~-2.5の範囲の誘電率異方性を有する液晶組成物は、IPSモード、VAモード、またはPSAモードで動作する液晶表示素子として好適に使用することができる。
本発明に係る液晶組成物は、PCモード、TNモード、STNモード、OCBモード、PSAモード等の動作モードを有し、AM方式で駆動する液晶表示素子だけでなく、PCモード、TNモード、STNモード、OCBモード、VAモード、IPSモード等の動作モードを有しパッシブマトリクス(PM)方式で駆動する液晶表示素子にも使用することができる。
また、本発明に係る液晶組成物は、導電剤を添加させた液晶組成物を用いたDS(dynamic scattering)モード素子や、液晶組成物をマイクロカプセル化して作製したNCAP(nematic curvilinear aligned phase)素子や、液晶組成物中に三次元の網目状高分子を形成させたPD(polymer dispersed)素子、例えばPN(polymer network)素子にも使用できる。
[実施例]
以下、実施例により本発明をさらに詳しく説明するが、本発明はこれら実施例によっては制限されない。なお特に断りのない限り、「%」は「重量%」を意味する。
測定装置は、DRX-500(ブルカーバイオスピン(株)社製)を用いた。測定は、実施例等で製造したサンプルを、CDCl3等のサンプルが可溶な重水素化溶媒に溶解し、室温で、500MHz、積算回数32回の条件で行った。なお、得られた核磁気共鳴スペクトルの説明において、sはシングレット、dはダブレット、tはトリプレット、qはカルテット、quinはクインテット、sexはセクステット、mはマルチプレット、brはブロードであることを意味する。また、化学シフトδ値のゼロ点の基準物質としてはテトラメチルシラン(TMS)を用いた。
測定装置は、島津製作所製のGC-14B型ガスクロマトグラフを用いた。カラムは、島津製作所製のキャピラリーカラムCBP1-M25-025(長さ25m、内径0.22mm、膜厚0.25μm);固定液相はジメチルポリシロキサン;無極性)を用いた。キャリアーガスとしてはヘリウムを用い、流量は1ml/分に調整した。試料気化室の温度を280℃、検出器(FID)部分の温度を300℃に設定した。
記録計としては島津製作所製のC-R6A型Chromatopac、またはその同等品を用いた。得られたガスクロマトグラムには、成分化合物に対応するピークの保持時間およびピークの面積値が示されている。
液晶性化合物の物性値を測定する試料としては、化合物そのものを試料とする場合、化合物を母液晶と混合して試料とする場合の2種類がある。
)/〈液晶性化合物の重量%〉
液晶性化合物と母液晶との割合がこの割合であっても、スメクチック相、または結晶が25℃で析出する場合には、液晶性化合物と母液晶との割合を10重量%:90重量%、5重量%:95重量%、1重量%:99重量%の順に変更をしていき、スメクチック相、または結晶が25℃で析出しなくなった組成で試料の物性値を測定しこの式にしたがって外挿値を求めて、これを液晶性化合物の物性値とする。
母液晶i:
〔液晶性化合物等の物性値の測定方法〕
物性値の測定は後述する方法で行った。これら測定方法の多くは、日本電子機械工業会規格(Standard of Electric Industries Association of Japan)EIAJ・ED-2521Aに記載された方法、またはこれを修飾した方法である。また、測定に用いたTN素子またはVA素子には、TFTを取り付けなかった。
以下(1)、および(2)の方法で測定を行った。
(1)偏光顕微鏡を備えた融点測定装置のホットプレート(メトラー社FP-52型ホットステージ)に化合物を置き、3℃/分の速度で加熱しながら相状態とその変化を偏光顕微鏡で観察し、相の種類を特定した。
(2)パーキンエルマー社製走査熱量計DSC-7システム、またはDiamond DSCシステムを用いて、3℃/分速度で昇降温し、試料の相変化に伴う吸熱ピーク、または発熱ピークの開始点を外挿により求め(on set)、転移温度を決定した。
偏光顕微鏡を備えた融点測定装置のホットプレート(メトラー社FP-52型ホットステージ)に、試料(液晶組成物液晶組成物、または液晶性化合物と母液晶との混合物)を置き、1℃/分の速度で加熱しながら偏光顕微鏡を観察した。試料の一部がネマチック相から等方性液体に変化したときの温度をネマチック相の上限温度とした。以下、ネマチック相の上限温度を、単に「上限温度」と略すことがある。
母液晶と液晶性化合物とを、液晶性化合物が、20重量%、15重量%、10重量%、5重量%、3重量%、および1重量%の量となるように混合した試料を作製し、試料をガラス瓶に入れる。このガラス瓶を、-10℃または-20℃のフリーザー中に一定期間保管したあと、結晶もしくはスメクチック相が析出しているかどうか観察をした。
E型回転粘度計を用いて測定した。
測定はM. Imai et al., Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals, Vol. 259, 37 (1995) に記載された方法に従った。2枚のガラス基板の間隔(セルギャップ)が20μmのVA素子に試料(液晶組成物液晶組成物、または液晶性化合物と母液晶との混合物)を入れた。この素子に30ボルトから50ボルトの範囲で1ボルト毎に段階的に印加した。0.2秒の無印加のあと、ただ1つの矩形波(矩形パルス;0.2秒)と無印加(2秒)の条件で印加を繰り返した。この印加によって発生した過渡電流(transient current)のピーク電流(peak current)とピーク時間(peak time)を測定した。これらの測定値とM. Imaiらの論文、40頁の計算式(8)とから回転粘度の値を得た。なお、この計算に必要な誘電率異方性は、下記誘電率異方性で測定した値を用いた。
測定は、25℃の温度下で、波長589nmの光を用い、接眼鏡に偏光板を取り付けたアッベ屈折計により行なった。主プリズムの表面を一方向にラビングしたあと、試料(液晶組成物液晶組成物、または液晶性化合物と母液晶との混合物)を主プリズムに滴下した。屈折率(n∥)は偏光の方向がラビングの方向と平行であるときに測定した。屈折率(n⊥)は偏光の方向がラビングの方向と垂直であるときに測定した。光学異方性(Δn)の値は、Δn=n∥-n⊥の式から計算した。
誘電率異方性は以下の方法によって測定した。
よく洗浄したガラス基板にオクタデシルトリエトキシシラン(0.16mL)のエタノール(20mL)溶液を塗布した。ガラス基板をスピンナーで回転させたあと、150℃で1時間加熱した。2枚のガラス基板から、間隔(セルギャップ)が20μmであるVA素子を組み立てた。
誘電率異方性の値は、Δε=ε∥-ε⊥の式から計算した。
測定に用いたTN素子はポリイミド配向膜を有し、そして2枚のガラス基板の間隔(セルギャップ)は6μmである。この素子は試料(液晶組成物、または液晶性化合物と母液晶との混合物)を入れたあと紫外線によって重合する接着剤で密閉した。このTN素子にパルス電圧(5Vで60マイクロ秒)を印加して充電した。減衰する電圧を、高速電圧計で16.7ミリ秒のあいだ測定し、単位周期における電圧曲線と横軸との間の面積Aを求めた。面積Bは減衰しなかったときの面積である。電圧保持率は面積Bに対する面積Aの百分率(%)で表現したものである。
測定には株式会社東陽テクニカ製のEC-1型弾性定数測定器を用いた。2枚のガラス基板の間隔(セルギャップ)が20μmである垂直配向セルに試料を入れた。このセルに20ボルトから0ボルト電荷を印加し、静電容量および印加電圧を測定した。測定した静電容量(C)と印加電圧(V)の値を『液晶デバイスハンドブック』(日刊工業新聞社)、75頁にある式(2.98)、式(2.101)を用いてフィッティングし、式(2.100)から弾性定数の値を得た。
窒素雰囲気下、反応器へ4-ヨード安息香酸エチル(1) 25.0g、4-エトキシ-2,3-ジフルオロフェニルボロン酸(2) 20.1g、炭酸カリウム 25.0g、Pd/C 0.25g、トルエン 100ml、エタノール 100mlおよび水 100mlを加え、2時間加熱還流させた。反応液を25℃まで冷却後、水 500mlおよびトルエン 500mlへ注ぎ込み、混合した。その後、静置して有機層と水層の2層に分離させて、有機層への抽出操作を行った。得られた有機層を分取して、水で洗浄し、無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥した。得られた溶液を減圧下、濃縮し、得られた残渣を、トルエンを展開溶媒とし、シリカゲルを充填剤として用いたカラムクロマトグラフィーによる分取操作で精製した。さらにエタノールからの再結晶により精製し、乾燥させ、4-エトキシ-2,3-ジフルオロ-4’-ビフェニル安息香酸エチル(3) 18.8gを得た。化合物(1)からの収率は67.9%であった。
水素化リチウムアルミニウム 1.4gをTHF 100mlに懸濁した。この懸濁液に化合物(3) 18.8gを、-20℃から-10℃の温度範囲で滴下し、さらにこの温度範囲で2時間攪拌した。GC分析により反応終了を確認後、氷冷下、反応混合物に、順次、酢酸エチル、飽和アンモニア水溶液を加えていき、析出物をセライト濾過により除去した。濾液を酢酸エチルにより抽出した。得られた有機層を、水、飽和食塩水で順次洗浄して、無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥した。さらにヘプタンからの再結晶により精製し、乾燥させ、減圧下濃縮をして、(4-エトキシ-2,3-ジフルオロ-4’-ビフェニル)メタノール(4) 12.0gを得た。化合物(3)からの収率は74.0%であった。
窒素雰囲気下、反応器へ化合物(4) 12.0g、トルエン 50mlおよびピリジン 0.12mlを加え、45℃で1時間攪拌した。その後、塩化チオニル 3.6mlを45℃から55℃の温度範囲で加え、2時間加熱還流させた。反応液を25℃まで冷却後、水 200mlおよびトルエン 200mlへ注ぎ込み、混合した。その後、静置して有機層と水層の2層に分離させて、有機層への抽出操作を行った。得られた有機層を分取して、飽和重曹水で2回、水で3回洗浄し、無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥した。得られた溶液を減圧下で濃縮し、得られた残渣を、トルエンとヘプタンとの混合溶媒(体積比 トルエン:ヘプタン=1:1)を展開溶媒とし、シリカゲルを充填剤として用いたカラムクロマトグラフィーによる分取操作で精製した。さらにソルミックスA-11からの再結晶により精製し、乾燥させ、4’-クロロメチル-4-エトキシ-2,3-ジフルオロ-ビフェニル(5) 9.4gを得た。化合物(4)からの収率は73.2%であった。
窒素雰囲気下、反応器へ化合物(5) 9.4g、トルエン 100mlおよびトリフェニルホスフィン 17.4gを加え、1時間加熱還流させた。反応液を25℃まで冷却後、析出物をろ過し、トルエンで3回未反応の原料を洗い流した後、得られた白色固体を乾燥させ、4’-(4-エトキシ-2,3-ジフルオロ-1,1’-ビフェニル)メチルトリフェニルホスホニウムクロリド(6) 9.0gを得た。化合物(5)からの収率は95.7%であった。
窒素雰囲気下の反応器へ、3-ブトキシ-1,2-ジフルオロベンゼン(7) 30.0gとTHF 500mlとを加えて、-74℃まで冷却した。そこへ、1.66M n-ブチルリチウム,n-ヘキサン溶液 120mlを-74℃から-70℃の温度範囲で滴下し、さらに2時間攪拌した。続いて1,4-ジオキサスピロ[4.5]デカン-8-オン(8)を30.2g含んだTHF 200ml溶液を-75℃から-70℃の温度範囲で滴下し、25℃に戻しつつ8時間攪拌した。得られた反応混合物を1N HCl水溶液 500mlと酢酸エチル 500mlとが入った容器中に添加して混合した後、静置して、有機層と水層とに分離させ抽出操作を行った。得られた有機層を分取し、水、飽和重曹水、および水で洗浄し、無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥した。その後、減圧下、溶媒を留去し、8-(4-ブトキシ-2,3-ジフルオロフェニル)-1,4-ジオキサスピロ[4.5]デカ-8-オール(9) 55.0gを得た。得られた化合物(9)は黄色油状物であった。
化合物(9) 55.0g、p-トルエンスルホン酸 1.8g、およびトルエン 300mlを混合し、この混合物を、留出する水を抜きながら2時間加熱還流させた。反応混合物を30℃まで冷却した後、得られた液に水 500mlとトルエン 900mlとを加え混合した後、静置して有機層と水層の2層に分離させて、有機層への抽出操作を行った。得られた有機層を分取して、飽和重曹水、および水で洗浄し、無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥した。得られた溶液を、トルエンを展開溶媒とし、シリカゲルを充填剤として用いたカラムクロマトグラフィーによる分取操作で精製した。それを、トルエン 150ml、ソルミックスA-11 150mlとの混合溶媒に溶解させ、さらにPd/Cを3.0g加え、水素雰囲気下、水素を吸収しなくなるまで室温で攪拌した。反応終了後、Pd/Cを除去して、さらに溶媒を留去して、得られた残渣を、ヘプタンを展開溶媒とし、シリカゲルを充填剤として用いたカラムクロマトグラフィーによる分取操作で精製し、さらにソルミックスA-11からの再結晶により精製し、乾燥させ、8-(4-ブトキシ-2,3-ジフルオロフェニル)-1,4-ジオキサスピロ[4.5]デカン(10) 47.8gを得た。化合物(9)からの収率は84.0%であった。
化合物(10) 47.8g、87%蟻酸 67.0ml、およびトルエン 200mlを混合し、この混合物を、2時間加熱還流させた。反応混合物を30℃まで冷却した後、得られた液に水 500mlとトルエン 1000mlとを加え混合した後、静置して有機層と水層の2層に分離させて、有機層への抽出操作を行った。得られた有機層を分取して、水、飽和重曹水、および水で洗浄し、無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥した。その後、減圧下、溶媒を留去し、得られた残渣を、トルエンを展開溶媒とし、シリカゲルを充填剤として用いたカラムクロマトグラフィーによる分取操作で精製し、さらにヘプタンからの再結晶により精製し、乾燥させ、1-(4-ブトキシ-2,3-ジフルオロフェニル)-シクロヘキサン-4-オン(11)40.4gを得た。化合物(10)からの収率は97.8%であった。
窒素雰囲気下、良く乾燥させたメトキシメチルトリフェニルホスホニウムクロリド 40.8gとTHF 200mlを混合し、-30℃まで冷却した。その後、カリウムt-ブトキシド(t-BuOK) 13.4gを-30℃~-20℃の温度範囲で、2回に分けて投入した。-20℃で30分攪拌した後、THF 100mlに溶解した化合物(11) 28.0gを-30~-20℃の温度範囲で滴下した。-10℃で30分攪拌した後、反応液を水 200mlとトルエン 200mlの混合液へ注ぎ込み、混合した後、静置して有機層と水層の2層に分離させて、有機層への抽出操作を行った。得られた有機層を分取して、水で洗浄し、無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥した。得られた溶液を減圧下、濃縮し得られた残渣をトルエンを展開溶媒、シリカゲルを充填剤として用いたカラムクロマトグラフィーによる分取操作で精製した。得られた溶離液を減圧下、濃縮し、1-(4-ブトキシ-2,3-ジフルオロフェニル)-4-メトキシメチレンシクロヘキサンを得た。その後、87%蟻酸 45.5g、およびトルエン 200mlを混合し、この混合物を、2時間加熱還流させた。反応混合物を30℃まで冷却した後、得られた液に水 100mlとトルエン 200mlとを加え混合した後、静置して有機層と水層の2層に分離させて、有機層への抽出操作を行った。得られた有機層を分取して、水、飽和重曹水、および水で洗浄し、無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥した。その後、減圧下、溶媒を留去し、淡黄色固体を得た。この残渣をトルエン50mlに溶解し、7℃に冷却した95%水酸化ナトリウム 0.5gとメタノール 200mlの混合液へ添加し、10℃で2時間攪拌した。その後、2N 水酸化ナトリウム水溶液 100mlを添加し、5℃で2時間攪拌した。得られた反応液を水 500mlとトルエン 500mlの混合液へ注ぎ込み、混合した後、静置して有機層と水層の2層に分離させて、有機層への抽出操作を行った。得られた有機層を分取して、水で洗浄し、無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥した。その後、減圧下、溶媒を留去し、得られた残渣を濃縮し、トルエンを展開溶媒、シリカゲルを充填剤として用いたカラムクロマトグラフィーによる分取操作で精製し、乾燥させ、トランス-4-(4-ブトキシ-2,3-ジフルオロフェニル)-シクロヘキサンカルボアルデヒド(12)28.8gを得た。化合物(11)からの収率は98.3%であった。
窒素雰囲気下、良く乾燥させた4’-(4-エトキシ-2,3-ジフルオロ-1,1’-ビフェニル)メチルトリフェニルホスホニウムクロリド(6)15.0gとTHF 100mlを混合し、-10℃まで冷却した。その後、カリウムt-ブトキシド(t-BuOK) 3.1gを-10℃~-5℃の温度範囲で、2回に分けて投入した。-10℃で60分攪拌した後、THF 30mlに溶解した化合物(12) 8.1gを-10~-5℃の温度範囲で滴下した。0℃で30分攪拌した後、反応液を水 100mlとトルエン 50mlの混合液へ注ぎ込み、混合した後、静置して有機層と水層の2層に分離させて、有機層への抽出操作を行った。得られた有機層を分取して、水で洗浄し、無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥した。得られた溶液を減圧下、濃縮し得られた残渣をトルエンを展開溶媒、シリカゲルを充填剤として用いたカラムクロマトグラフィーによる分取操作で精製し、溶離液を減圧下、濃縮した。それを、トルエン 150ml、ソルミックスA-11 150mlとの混合溶媒に溶解させ、さらにPd/Cを0.3g加え、水素雰囲気下、水素を吸収しなくなるまで室温で攪拌した。反応終了後、Pd/Cを除去して、さらに溶媒を留去して、得られた残渣を酢酸エチルとソルミックスA-11の混合溶媒(体積比酢酸エチル:ソルミックス=1:4)からの再結晶により精製し、4-エトキシ-2,3-ジフルオロ-4’-[4-ブトキシ-2,3-ジフルオロフェニル-(トランス-4-シクロヘキシルエチル)]-1,1’-ビフェニル(No.647)8.35gを得た。化合物(12)からの収率は57.8%であった。
転移温度 :C 74.2 SA 130.9 N 224.4 I
TNI=196.6℃,Δε=-9.24 ,Δn=0.200 .
窒素雰囲気下、反応器へ4-ブロモベンゾキシベンゼン(14) 5.0g、4-ブトキシ-2,3-ジフルオロフェニルボロン酸(13) 4.8g、炭酸カリウム 13.1g、Pd(Ph3P)2Cl2 0.4g、トルエン100ml、ソルミックスA-11 100mlおよび水 100mlを加え、2時間加熱還流させた。反応液を25℃まで冷却後、水 200mlおよびトルエン 200mlへ注ぎ込み、混合した。その後、静置して有機層と水層の2層に分離させて、有機層への抽出操作を行った。得られた有機層を分取して、水で洗浄し、無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥した。得られた溶液を減圧下、濃縮し、得られた残渣を、トルエンを展開溶媒とし、シリカゲルを充填剤として用いたカラムクロマトグラフィーによる分取操作で精製した。さらにPd/Cを0.3g加え、水素雰囲気下、水素を吸収しなくなるまで室温で攪拌した。反応終了後、Pd/Cを除去して、さらに溶媒を留去して、得られた残渣を酢酸エチルとソルミックスA-11の混合溶媒(体積比酢酸エチル:ソルミックス=1:4)からの再結晶により精製し、乾燥させ、4’-ブトキシ-2’,3’-ジフルオロ-1,1’-ヒドロキシフェノール(15) 44.7gを得た。化合物(14)からの収率は90.8%であった。
水素化リチウムアルミニウム 4.2gをTHF 300mlに懸濁した。この懸濁液にトランス-4-(4-エトキシ-2,3-ジフルオロフェニル)-シクロヘキサンカルボアルデヒド(16) 50.0gを、-20℃から-10℃の温度範囲で滴下し、さらにこの温度範囲で2時間攪拌した。GC分析により反応終了を確認後、氷冷下、反応混合物に、順次、酢酸エチル、飽和アンモニア水溶液を加えていき、析出物をセライト濾過により除去した。濾液を酢酸エチルにより抽出した。得られた有機層を、水、飽和食塩水で順次洗浄して、無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥した。さらにヘプタンからの再結晶により精製し、乾燥させ、減圧下濃縮をして、トランス-4-(4-エトキシ-2,3-ジフルオロ)-ヒドロキシメチルシクロヘキサン(17) 47.6gを得た。化合物(16)からの収率は94.5%であった。
窒素雰囲気下、反応器へ化合物(17) 47.6g、トルエン 300mlおよびピリジン 0.5mlを加え、45℃で1時間攪拌した。その後、塩化チオニル 14.0mlを45℃から55℃の温度範囲で加え、2時間加熱還流させた。反応液を25℃まで冷却後、水 300mlおよびトルエン 300mlへ注ぎ込み、混合した。その後、静置して有機層と水層の2層に分離させて、有機層への抽出操作を行った。得られた有機層を分取して、飽和重曹水で2回、水で3回洗浄し、無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥した。得られた溶液を減圧下で濃縮し、得られた残渣を、トルエンとヘプタンとの混合溶媒(体積比 トルエン:ヘプタン=1:1)を展開溶媒とし、シリカゲルを充填剤として用いたカラムクロマトグラフィーによる分取操作で精製した。さらにソルミックスA-11からの再結晶により精製し、乾燥させ、4-クロロメチル-(4-エトキシ-2,3-ジフルオロフェニル)-シクロヘキサン(18) 47.6gを得た。化合物(17)からの収率は93.6%であった。
窒素雰囲気下、DMF 100mlに4’-ブトキシ-2’,3’-ジフルオロ-1,1’-ヒドロキシフェノール(15)2.0g、およびリン酸三カリウム(K3PO4) 3.2gを加え、70℃で攪拌した。そこへ化合物(18) 1.7gを加え、70℃で、7時間攪拌した。得られた反応混合物を30℃まで冷却し、ろ過によって固形物と分離した後、トルエン 100ml、および水 100mlを加え混合した。その後、静置して有機層と水層の2層に分離させて、有機層への抽出操作を行った。得られた有機層を分取して、食塩水で洗浄し、無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥した。その後、減圧下、溶媒を留去し、得られた残渣をヘプタンとトルエンの混合溶媒(体積比 ヘプタン:トルエン=1:2)を展開溶媒、シリカゲルを充填剤として用いたカラムクロマトグラフィーによる分取操作で精製した。さらにソルミックスA-11とヘプタンの混合溶媒(体積比 ソルミックスA-11:ヘプタン=1:2)からの再結晶により精製し、乾燥させ、4-ブトキシ-2,3-ジフルオロ-4’-[4-エトキシ-2,3-ジフルオロフェニル-(トランス-4-シクロヘキシル)フェノキシメチル]-1,1’-ビフェニル(No.1539)2.0gを得た。化合物(18)からの収率は63.9%であった。
転移温度 :C 113.8 SA 143.4 N 224.1 I
TNI=202.6℃,Δε=-8.83 ,Δn=0.201 .
窒素雰囲気下、トルエン 200mlへ化合物(17) 30.0g、イミダゾール 9.8gおよびトリフェニルホスフィン(Ph3P) 37.8gを加え、5℃で攪拌した。そこへヨウ素 33.8gを5分割して、5~10℃の温度範囲で加え、さらに3時間攪拌し、GC分析により反応が終了していることを確認した。得られた反応混合物を濾過により析出物を取り除き、得られた濾液から減圧下、溶媒を留去した。得られた残渣をヘプタンを展開溶媒、シリカゲルを充填剤として用いたカラムクロマトグラフィーによる分取操作で精製し、乾燥させ、トランス-4-ヨードメチル-(4-エトキシ-2,3-ジフルオロフェニル)-シクロヘキサン(19)24.7gを得た。化合物(17)からの収率は58.5%であった。
なお、化合物(19)は国際公開第2006/093102号パンフレットに記載されている方法などにより合成することができる。
窒素雰囲気下、反応器へ化合物(19) 10.0g、トルエン 100mlおよびトリフェニルホスフィン 13.8gを加え、5時間加熱還流させた。反応液を25℃まで冷却後、析出物をろ過し、トルエンで3回未反応の原料を洗い流した後、得られた白色固体を乾燥させ、トランス-4-(4-エトキシ-2,3-ジフルオロ)シクロヘキシルメチルトリフェニルホスホニウムヨージド(20) 9.0gを得た。化合物(19)からの収率は84.6%であった。
窒素雰囲気下、良く乾燥させたトランス-4-(4-エトキシ-2,3-ジフルオロ)シクロヘキシルメチルトリフェニルホスホニウムヨージド(20)7.1gとTHF 100mlを混合し、-10℃まで冷却した。その後、カリウムt-ブトキシド(t-BuOK)1.2gを-10℃~-5℃の温度範囲で、2回に分けて投入した。-10℃で60分攪拌した後、THF 30mlに溶解した化合物(12)3.0gを-10~-5℃の温度範囲で滴下した。0℃で30分攪拌した後、反応液を水 100mlとトルエン 50mlの混合液へ注ぎ込み、混合した後、静置して有機層と水層の2層に分離させて、有機層への抽出操作を行った。得られた有機層を分取して、水で洗浄し、無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥した。得られた溶液を減圧下、濃縮し得られた残渣をトルエンを展開溶媒、シリカゲルを充填剤として用いたカラムクロマトグラフィーによる分取操作で精製し、溶離液を減圧下、濃縮した。それを、トルエン 150ml、ソルミックスA-11 150mlとの混合溶媒に溶解させ、さらにPd/Cを0.3g加え、水素雰囲気下、水素を吸収しなくなるまで室温で攪拌した。反応終了後、Pd/Cを除去して、さらに溶媒を留去して、得られた残渣を酢酸エチルとソルミックスA-11の混合溶媒(体積比酢酸エチル:ソルミックス=1:4)からの再結晶により精製し、トランス-4-[トランス-4-(2,3-ジフルオロ-4-ブトキシフェニル)-シクロヘキシルエチル]-2,3-ジフルオロエトキシフェニルシクロヘキサン(No.467)2.5gを得た。化合物(12)からの収率は45.4%であった。
転移温度 :C 99.4 SB 116.7 SA 124.3 N 237.5 I
TNI=200.6℃,Δε=-7.52 ,Δn=0.127 .
窒素雰囲気下の反応器へ、3-ブトキシ-1,2-ジフルオロベンゼン(7) 10.0gとTHF 200mlとを加えて、-74℃まで冷却した。そこへ、1.00M sec-ブチルリチウム,n-ヘキサン、シクロヘキサン溶液 64.0mlを-74℃から-70℃の温度範囲で滴下し、さらに2時間攪拌した。続いて4-(1,4-ジオキサスピロ[4.5]デカ-8-イル)-シクロヘキサノン(21)を12.8g含んだTHF 50ml溶液を-75℃から-70℃の温度範囲で滴下し、25℃に戻しつつ8時間攪拌した。3% 塩化アンモニウム水溶液 100mlと酢酸エチル 100mlとが入った容器中に添加して混合した後、静置して、有機層と水層とに分離させ抽出操作を行った。得られた有機層を分取し、水、飽和重曹水、および水で洗浄し、無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥した。その後、減圧下、溶媒を留去し、4-(1,4-ジオキサスピロ[4.5]デカ-8-イル)-1-(4-ブトキシ-2,3-ジフルオロフェニル)-シクロヘキサノール(22) 22.7gを得た。得られた化合物(22)は黄色油状物であった。
化合物(22) 22.7g、p-トルエンスルホン酸 0.68g、およびトルエン 200mlを混合し、この混合物を、留出する水を抜きながら2時間加熱還流させた。反応混合物を30℃まで冷却した後、得られた液に水 200mlとトルエン 200mlとを加え混合した後、静置して有機層と水層の2層に分離させて、有機層への抽出操作を行った。得られた有機層を分取して、飽和重曹水、および水で洗浄し、無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥した。得られた溶液を、トルエンを展開溶媒とし、シリカゲルを充填剤として用いたカラムクロマトグラフィーによる分取操作で精製し、乾燥させた。さらに、Pd/Cを0.3g加え、水素雰囲気下、水素を吸収しなくなるまで室温で攪拌した。反応終了後、Pd/Cを除去して、さらに溶媒を留去して、得られた残渣をTHFとヘプタンの混合溶媒(体積比 THF:ヘプタン=1:9)からの再結晶により精製し、8-[4-(4-ブトキシ-2,3-ジフルオロフェニル)-シクロヘキセニル]-1,4-ジオキサスピロ[4.5]デカン(23) 7.7gを得た。化合物(7)からの収率は35.2%であった。
化合物(23) 7.7g、87%蟻酸 8.7g、およびトルエン 100mlを混合し、この混合物を、2時間加熱還流させた。反応混合物を30℃まで冷却した後、得られた液に水 200mlとトルエン 200mlとを加え混合した後、静置して有機層と水層の2層に分離させて、有機層への抽出操作を行った。得られた有機層を分取して、水、飽和重曹水、および水で洗浄し、無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥した。その後、減圧下、溶媒を留去し、残渣をヘプタン溶媒からの再結晶により精製し、乾燥させ、4’-(4-ブトキシ-2,3-ジフルオロフェニル)-ビシクロヘキシル-4-オン(24)6.8gを得た。化合物(23)からの収率は99.0%であった。
窒素雰囲気下、良く乾燥させたメトキシメチルトリフェニルホスホニウムクロリド 7.9gとTHF 100mlを混合し、-30℃まで冷却した。その後、カリウムt-ブトキシド(t-BuOK) 2.6gを-30℃~-20℃の温度範囲で、4回に分けて投入した。-20℃で30分攪拌した後、THF35mlに溶解した化合物(24) 6.8gを-30~-20℃の温度範囲で滴下した。-10℃で30分攪拌した後、反応液を水 200mlとトルエン 100mlの混合液へ注ぎ込み、混合した後、静置して有機層と水層の2層に分離させて、有機層への抽出操作を行った。得られた有機層を分取して、水で洗浄し、無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥した。得られた溶液を減圧下、濃縮し得られた残渣をトルエンを展開溶媒、シリカゲルを充填剤として用いたカラムクロマトグラフィーによる分取操作で精製した。得られた溶離液を減圧下、濃縮し、4-(4-ブトキシ-2,3-ジフルオロフェニル)-4’-メトキシメチレン-ビシクロヘキシル(25)7.2gを得た。化合物(24)からの収率は95.5%であった。
化合物(25) 7.2g、87%蟻酸 8.4g、およびトルエン 100mlを混合し、この混合物を、2時間加熱還流させた。反応混合物を30℃まで冷却した後、得られた液に水 200mlとトルエン 300mlとを加え混合した後、静置して有機層と水層の2層に分離させて、有機層への抽出操作を行った。得られた有機層を分取して、水、飽和重曹水、および水で洗浄し、無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥した。その後、減圧下、溶媒を留去し、淡黄色固体 6.5gを得た。この残渣に、7℃に冷却した2N水酸化ナトリウム 水溶液 14mlと2-プロパノール 28mlの混合液へ添加し、10℃で2時間攪拌した。その後、2N 水酸化ナトリウム水溶液 20mlを添加し、5℃で2時間攪拌した。得られた反応液を水 200mlとトルエン 200mlの混合液へ注ぎ込み、混合した後、静置して有機層と水層の2層に分離させて、有機層への抽出操作を行った。得られた有機層を分取して、水で洗浄し、無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥した。その後、減圧下、溶媒を留去し、得られた残渣をヘプタンとTHFの混合溶媒(体積比 ヘプタン:THF=9:1)からの再結晶により精製し、乾燥させ、4’-(4-ブトキシ-2,3-ジフルオロフェニル)-ビシクロヘキシル-トランス-4-カルボアルデヒド(26)6.0gを得た。化合物(25)からの収率は86.4%であった。
水素化リチウムアルミニウム 4.2gをTHF 300mlに懸濁した。この懸濁液に4’-(4-ブトキシ-2,3-ジフルオロフェニル)-ビシクロヘキシル-トランス-4-カルボアルデヒド(26) 6.0gを、-20℃から-10℃の温度範囲で滴下し、さらにこの温度範囲で2時間攪拌した。GC分析により反応終了を確認後、氷冷下、反応混合物に、順次、酢酸エチル、飽和アンモニア水溶液を加えていき、析出物をセライト濾過により除去した。濾液を酢酸エチルにより抽出した。得られた有機層を、水、飽和食塩水で順次洗浄して、無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥した。さらにヘプタンからの再結晶により精製し、乾燥させ、減圧下濃縮をして、トランス-4’-(4-ブトキシ-2,3-ジフルオロフェニル)-トランス -4-ヒドロキシメチルビシクロヘキシル(27) 6.0gを得た。化合物(26)からの収率は99.5%であった。
窒素雰囲気下、反応器へ化合物(27) 6.0g、トルエン 100mlおよびピリジン 0.1mlを加え、45℃で1時間攪拌した。その後、塩化チオニル 1.4mlを45℃から55℃の温度範囲で加え、2時間加熱還流させた。反応液を25℃まで冷却後、水 100mlおよびトルエン 100mlへ注ぎ込み、混合した。その後、静置して有機層と水層の2層に分離させて、有機層への抽出操作を行った。得られた有機層を分取して、飽和重曹水で2回、水で3回洗浄し、無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥した。得られた溶液を減圧下で濃縮し、得られた残渣を、トルエンとヘプタンとの混合溶媒(体積比 トルエン:ヘプタン=1:1)を展開溶媒とし、シリカゲルを充填剤として用いたカラムクロマトグラフィーによる分取操作で精製した。さらにソルミックスA-11からの再結晶により精製し、乾燥させ、トランス-4’-(4-ブトキシ-2,3-ジフルオロフェニル)-トランス -4-クロロメチルビシクロヘキシル(28) 6.2gを得た。化合物(27)からの収率は98.6%であった。
窒素雰囲気下、DMF 100mlに4-エトキシ-2,3-ジフルオロフェノール(15)3.3g、およびリン酸三カリウム(K3PO4) 16.8gを加え、80℃で攪拌した。そこへ化合物(28) 6.2gを加え、80℃で、7時間攪拌した。得られた反応混合物を30℃まで冷却し、ろ過によって固形物と分離した後、トルエン 100ml、および水 100mlを加え混合した。その後、静置して有機層と水層の2層に分離させて、有機層への抽出操作を行った。得られた有機層を分取して、食塩水で洗浄し、無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥した。その後、減圧下、溶媒を留去し、得られた残渣をヘプタンとトルエンの混合溶媒(体積比 ヘプタン:トルエン=1:2)を展開溶媒、シリカゲルを充填剤として用いたカラムクロマトグラフィーによる分取操作で精製した。さらにソルミックスA-11とヘプタンの混合溶媒(体積比 ソルミックスA-11:ヘプタン=1:2)からの再結晶により精製し、乾燥させ、トランス-4’-(4-エトキシ-2,3-ジフルオロフェニル)フェノキシメチル-トランス-4-(4-ブトキシ-2,3-ジフルオロフェニル)ビシクロヘキシル(No.3677)3.6gを得た。化合物(28)からの収率は42.6%であった。
転移温度 :C 98.4 SA 113.4 N 235.4 I
TNI=200.6℃,Δε=-9.73 ,Δn=0.127 .
化合物(16)10.0g、アセトン50mlを混合し、この混合物を、35℃で30分攪拌した。この混合物にJones試薬(8N)を4.7mlを30~40℃の温度範囲で加えた後、35℃で2時間攪拌させた。反応混合物を30℃まで冷却した後、得られた液にトルエン 200mlと水200mlを加え混合した後、静置して有機層と水層の2層に分離させて、有機層への抽出操作を行った。得られた有機層を分取して、水、チオ硫酸ナトリウム水溶液、および水で洗浄し、無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥させ、4-エトキシ-2,3-ジフルオロ-(トランス-4-シクロヘキシル)-カルボン酸(31)8.8gを得た。化合物(16)からの収率は83.1%であった。
窒素雰囲気下、化合物(31) 1.2g、4’-ブトキシ-2’,3’-ジフルオロ-1,1’-ヒドロキシフェノール(15)1.0g、1,3-ジシクロカルボジイミド(DCC) 0.89g、および4-ジメチルアミノピリジン(DMAP) 0.05gをトルエン100ml中に加え、25℃で20時間攪拌した。GC分析により反応が終了していることを確認後、トルエン100mlおよび水 100mlを加え、混合した。その後、静置して有機層と水層の2層に分離させて、有機層への抽出操作を行った。得られた有機層を分取して、水で洗浄し、無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥した。得られた溶液を減圧下、濃縮し、残渣をトルエンを展開溶媒、シリカゲルを充填剤として用いたカラムクロマトグラフィーによる分取操作で精製した。さらにヘプタンとTHFの混合溶媒(体積比 ヘプタン:THF=2:1)からの再結晶により精製し、乾燥させ、トランス-4-(4-エトキシ-2,3-ジフルオロフェニル)シクロヘキシル安息香酸 トランス-4’-ブトキシ-2’,3’-ジフルオロ-1,1’-ビフェニル エステル(No.2379)1.43gを得た。化合物(15)からの収率は63.6%であった。
転移温度 :C 84.8 N 280.0 I
TNI=221.6℃,Δε=-8.61 ,Δn=0.185 .
窒素雰囲気下の反応器へ、3-エトキシ-1,2-ジフルオロベンゼン(31) 3.0gとTHF 200mlとを加えて、-74℃まで冷却した。そこへ、1.00M sec-ブチルリチウム,n-ヘキサン、シクロヘキサン溶液 23.0mlを-74℃から-70℃の温度範囲で滴下し、さらに2時間攪拌した。続いて4’-(4-ブトキシ-2,3-ジフルオロフェニル)-ビシクロヘキシル-4-オン(24)を7.0g含んだTHF 50ml溶液を-75℃から-70℃の温度範囲で滴下し、25℃に戻しつつ8時間攪拌した。3% 塩化アンモニウム水溶液 100mlと酢酸エチル 100mlとが入った容器中に添加して混合した後、静置して、有機層と水層とに分離させ抽出操作を行った。得られた有機層を分取し、水、飽和重曹水、および水で洗浄し、無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥した。その後、減圧下、溶媒を留去し、4-(4-エトキシ-2,3-ジフルオロフェニル)-4’( 4-ブトキシ-2,3-ジフルオロフェニル)-ビシクロヘキシル-4-オール(32) 9.7gを得た。得られた化合物(32)は黄色油状物であった。
化合物(32) 9.7g、p-トルエンスルホン酸 0.29g、およびトルエン 200mlを混合し、この混合物を、留出する水を抜きながら2時間加熱還流させた。反応混合物を30℃まで冷却した後、得られた液に水 200mlとトルエン 200mlとを加え混合した後、静置して有機層と水層の2層に分離させて、有機層への抽出操作を行った。得られた有機層を分取して、飽和重曹水、および水で洗浄し、無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥した。得られた溶液を、トルエンを展開溶媒とし、シリカゲルを充填剤として用いたカラムクロマトグラフィーによる分取操作で精製し、乾燥させた。得られた残渣を酢酸エチルとソルミックス A-11の混合溶媒(体積比 酢酸エチル:ソルミックス A-11=1:4)からの再結晶により精製し、4-(4-エトキシ-2,3-ジフルオロフェニル)-4’( 4-ブトキシ-2,3-ジフルオロフェニル)-ビシクロヘキシル-3-エン(No.377) 5.5gを得た。化合物(31)からの収率は55.5%であった。
転移温度 :C1 65.2 C2 69.2 SA 182.9 N 269.5 I
TNI=216.6℃,Δε=-9.50 ,Δn=0.158 .
転移温度 :C 87.1 SA 197.5 N 249.2 I
TNI=215.9℃,Δε=-9.50 ,Δn=0.193 .
転移温度 :C 99.4 SA 161.9 N 293.8 I
TNI=212.6℃,Δε=-8.18 ,Δn=0.141 .
転移温度 :C 87.9 SA 103.8 N 202.9 I
TNI=168.6℃,Δε=-7.25 ,Δn=0.165 .
転移温度 :C1 84.9 C2 100.5 SA 135.3 N 186.9 I
TNI=175.3℃,Δε=-8.47 ,Δn=0.186 .
転移温度 :C 119.0 (SA 157.3) N 295.0 I
TNI=214.6℃,Δε=-8.81 ,Δn=0.240 .
転移温度 :C1 62.6 SA 169.7 N 242.5 I
TNI=201.3℃,Δε=-7.47 ,Δn=0.142 .
転移温度 :C 129.0 N 275.8 I
TNI=205.6℃,Δε=-7.14 ,Δn=0.214 .
転移温度 :C 108.7 N 244.6 I
TNI=174.6℃,Δε=-6.95 ,Δn=0.136 .
転移温度 :C 91.2 SC 151.5 SA 182.8 N 244.6 I
TNI=200.6℃,Δε=-7.99 ,Δn=0.127 .
転移温度 :C 118.8 SA 133.1 N 294.0 I
TNI=235.9℃,Δε=-8.11 ,Δn=0.148 .
転移温度 :C 58.2 SA 190.3 N 275.4 I
TNI=229.3℃,Δε=-6.39 ,Δn=0.180 .
転移温度 :C 71.5 SA 125.3 N 272.7 I
TNI=220.6℃,Δε=-5.19 ,Δn=0.176 .
転移温度 :C 78.2 SB 124.4 SA 160.2 N 297.7 I
TNI=219.9℃,Δε=-6.22 ,Δn=0.160 .
転移温度 :C 90.8 SA 97.4 N 296.9 I
TNI=226.6℃,Δε=-5.57 ,Δn=0.158 .
比較例として、トランス-4-プロピル-トランス-4’-(2,3-ジフルオロエトキシフェニル)-1,1’-ビシクロヘキシル(A)を合成した。
化学シフトδ(ppm);6.82(dd,1H),6.64(dd,1H),4.06(q,2H),2.71(tt,1H),1.89-1.79(m,4H),1.79-1.69(m,4H),1.45-1.26(m,14H),1.20-1.04(m,4H),0.90-0.79(t,3H).
転移温度 :C 66.9 SB 79.9 N 185.1 I
上限温度(TNI)=74.6℃;粘度(η20)=18.9mPa・s;光学異方性(Δn)=0.087;誘電率異方性(Δε)=-1.3。
上限温度(TNI)=158.7℃;
光学異方性(Δn)=0.114;
誘電率異方性(Δε)=-5.43;
母液晶i 90重量%と、実施例7で得られた4-(4-エトキシ-2,3-ジフルオロフェニル)-4’-(4-ブトキシ-2,3-ジフルオロフェニル)-1,1’-ビシクロヘキシル(No.17)の10重量%とからなる液晶組成物iiiを調製した。得られた液晶組成物iiiの物性値を測定し、測定値を外挿することで液晶性化合物(No.17)の物性の外挿値を算出した。その値は以下のとおりであった。
上限温度(TNI)=212.6℃;
光学異方性(Δn)=0.141;
誘電率異方性(Δε)=-8.18;
比較例として、トランス-4-ペンチル-トランス-4’’-(2,3-ジフルオロエトキシフェニル)-1,1’,4’,1’’-ターシクロヘキシル(C)を合成した。
化学シフトδ(ppm);6.85(td,1H),6.68(td,1H),4.11(q,2H),2.74(tt,1H),1.93-1.82(m,4H),1.82-1.68(m,8H),1.48-1.37(m,4H),1.37-0.82(m,27H).
転移温度 :C 71.8 SB 298.2 N 330.7 I
光学異方性(Δn)=0.137;
誘電率異方性(Δε)=-1.86;
また、液晶組成物ivの弾性定数K33は11.31 pNであった。
母液晶i 97重量%と、実施例7で得られたトランス-4-[(4’-エトキシ-2’,3’-ジフルオロ-1,1’-ビフェニル)-4-ブトキシ-2,3-ジフルオロフェニル]シクロヘキサン(No.197)の3重量%とからなる液晶組成物vを調製した。得られた液晶組成物vの物性値を測定し、測定値を外挿することで液晶性化合物(No.197)の物性の外挿値を算出した。その値は以下のとおりであった。
光学異方性(Δn)=0.240;
誘電率異方性(Δε)=-8.81;
また、液晶組成物vの弾性定数K33は13.97 pNであった。
比較例として、化合物(D)に類似の4-エトキシ-4’’’-ペンチル-2’’’,3’’’,2,3-テトラフルオロ-1,1’,4’,1’’,4’’,1’’’-クオターフェニル(F)を合成した。
化学シフトδ(ppm);7.22(m,4H),7.62(m,4H),7.15(m,2H),7.01(t,1H),6.82(t,1H),4.17(q,2H),2.70(t,2H),1.66(m,2H),1.49(t,3H),1.37(m,4H),0.93(m,3H).
転移温度 :C 149.8 N 306.7 I
誘電率異方性(Δε)=-6.05;
また、液晶組成物vの弾性定数K33は15.78 pNであった。
比較例として、化合物(D)に類似の4-エトキシ-4’’’-ペンチル-2’’’,2,3-トリフルオロ-1,1’,4’,1’’,4’’,1’’’-クオターフェニル(G)を合成した。
化学シフトδ(ppm);7.71(m,4H),7.64(d,2H),7.60(d,2H),7.40(t,1H),7.16(t,1H),7.05(d,1H),7.00(d,1H),6.82(t,1H),4.17(q,2H),2.65(t,2H),1.66(m,2H),1.49(t,3H),1.36(m,4H),0.92(m,3H).
転移温度 :C 138.7 SA 180.2 N 307.8 I
誘電率異方性(Δε)=-5.20;
また、液晶組成物vの弾性定数K33は15.40 pNであった。
比較例として、化合物(D)に類似の4-エトキシ-4’’’-ペンチル-3’’’,2,3-トリフルオロ-1,1’,4’,1’’,4’’,1’’’-クオターフェニル(H)を合成した。
化学シフトδ(ppm);7.71(dd,4H),7.64(d,2H),7.60(d,2H),7.35(dd,1H),7.30(dd,1H),7.26(t,1H),7.15(td,1H),6.82(t,1H),4.17(q,2H),2.68(t,2H),1.66(m,2H),1.49(t,3H),1.37(m,4H),0.92(m,3H).
転移温度 :C 154.0 SA 297.4 N 319.3 I
誘電率異方性(Δε)=-3.46;
また、液晶組成物vの弾性定数K33は15.32 pNであった。
母液晶i 90重量%と、実施例7で得られた4-(4-エトキシ-2,3-ジフルオロフェニル)-4’-(4-ブトキシ-2,3-ジフルオロフェニル)-1,1’-ビシクロヘキシル(No.17)の10重量%とからなる液晶組成物viを調製した。得られた液晶組成物viの物性値を測定し、測定値を外挿することで液晶性化合物(No.17)の物性の外挿値を算出した。その値は以下のとおりであった。
誘電率異方性(Δε)=-8.18;
また、液晶組成物vの弾性定数K33は17.45 pNであった。
比較例として、化合物(E)に類似の4-エトキシ-2,3,2’’,3’’-テトラフルオロ-4’’-(4-ペンチルフェニルエチル)-1,1’’-ターフェニル(I)を合成した。
化学シフトδ(ppm);7.60(dd,4H),7.18-7.10(m,6H),6.97(t,1H),6.82(td,1H),4.18(q,2H),3.00(m,2H),2.93(m,2H),2.58(t,2H),1.61(m,2H),1.49(t,3H),1.39-1.27(m,4H),0.89(t,3H).
転移温度 :C 146.1 N 209.0 I
誘電率異方性(Δε)=-4.33;
粘度(η)=139.3mPa・s
また、液晶組成物viの弾性定数K33は14.37 pNであった。
母液晶i 95重量%と、実施例7で得られた1-ブトキシ-トランス-4-(4-(4-(4-エトキシ-2,3-ジフルオロフェニル)フェニル)シクロヘキシル)-2,3-ジフルオロベンゼン(No.3227)の5重量%とからなる液晶組成物viiを調製した。得られた液晶組成物viiの物性値を測定し、測定値を外挿することで液晶性化合物(No.3227)の物性の外挿値を算出した。その値は以下のとおりであった。
誘電率異方性(Δε)=-8.04;
粘度(η)=78.8 mPa・s
また、液晶組成物viiの弾性定数K33は14.8 pNであった。
以下、本発明で得られる液晶組成物を実施例により詳細に説明する。なお、実施例で用いる液晶性化合物は、下記表1の定義に基づいて記号により表す。なお、表1中、1,4-シクロへキシレンの立体配置はトランス配置である。各化合物の割合(百分率)は、特に断りのない限り、液晶組成物の全重量に基づいた重量百分率(重量%)である。各実施例の最後に得られた液晶組成物の特性値を示す。
偏光顕微鏡を備えた融点測定装置のホットプレートに試料を置き、1℃/分の速度で加熱した。試料の一部がネマチック相から等方性液体に変化したときの温度を測定した。以下、ネマチック相の上限温度を「上限温度」と略することがある。
ネマチック相を有する試料を0℃、-10℃、-20℃、-30℃、および-40℃のフリーザー中に10日間保管したあと、液晶相を観察した。例えば、試料が-20℃ではネマチック相のままであり、-30℃では結晶またはスメクチック相に変化したとき、TCを≦-20℃と記載した。以下、ネマチック相の下限温度を「下限温度」と略すことがある。
波長が589nmの光を用い、接眼鏡に偏光板を取り付けたアッベ屈折計により測定した。まず、主プリズムの表面を一方向にラビングしたあと、試料を主プリズムに滴下した。そして、偏光の方向がラビングの方向と平行であるときの屈折率(n∥)、および偏光の方向がラビングの方向と垂直であるときの屈折率(n⊥)を測定した。光学異方性の値(Δn)は、(Δn)=(n∥)-(n⊥)の式から算出した。
測定にはE型粘度計を用いた。
よく洗浄したガラス基板にオクタデシルトリエトキシシラン(0.16mL)のエタノール(20mL)溶液を塗布した。ガラス基板をスピンナーで回転させたあと、150℃で1時間加熱した。2枚のガラス基板から、間隔(セルギャップ)が20μmであるVA素子を組み立てた。
誘電率異方性の値は、Δε=ε∥-ε⊥の式から計算した。
この値が負である組成物が、負の誘電率異方性を有する組成物である。
ポリイミド配向膜を有し、そして2枚のガラス基板の間隔(セルギャップ)が6μmであるセルに試料を入れてTN素子を作製した。25℃において、このTN素子にパルス電圧(5Vで60マイクロ秒)を印加して充電した。TN素子に印加した電圧の波形を陰極線オシロスコープで観測し、単位周期(16.7ミリ秒)における電圧曲線と横軸との間の面積を求めた。TN素子を取り除いたあと印加した電圧の波形から同様にして面積を求めた。電圧保持率(%)の値は、(電圧保持率)=(TN素子がある場合の面積値)/(TN素子がない場合の面積値)×100の値から算出した。
4O-B(2F,3F)H2BB(2F,3F)-O2 (No.647) 5%
4O-B(2F,3F)H2HB(2F,3F)-O2 (No.467) 3%
2-HH-5 (2-1) 5%
3-HH-4 (2-1) 10%
3-HH-5 (2-1) 6%
5-HB-O2 (2-4) 10%
V-HHB-1 (2-25) 10%
3-H2B(2F,3F)-O2 (3-3) 5%
5-H2B(2F,3F)-O2 (3-3) 10%
2-HBB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-33) 9%
3-HBB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-33) 12%
5-HBB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-33) 12%
NI=103.4℃;TC≦-20℃;Δn=0.118;η=28.1mPa・s;Δε=-3.5.
4O-B(2F,3F)BeHB(2F,3F)-O2 (No.2769) 5%
3-HH-4 (2-1) 5%
3-HH-5 (2-1) 5%
3-HH-O1 (2-1) 10%
3-HB-O2 (2-4) 10%
V2-HHB-1 (2-25) 15%
V-HB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-1) 10%
3-H2B(2F,3F)-O2 (3-3) 2%
5-HHB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-29) 10%
2-HBB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-33) 5%
3-HBB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-33) 10%
5-HBB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-33) 8%
NI=102.7℃;Δn=0.108;η=28.1mPa・s;Δε=-3.4.
4O-B(2F,3F)HchB(2F,3F)-O2 (No.377) 5%
4O-B(2F,3F)HHB(2F,3F)-O2 (No.17) 5%
3-HH-4 (2-1) 10%
3-HH-5 (2-1) 5%
5-HB-3 (2-4) 5%
3-HB-O2 (2-4) 10%
5-HB-O2 (2-4) 10%
3-H2B(2F,3F)-O2 (3-3) 10%
5-HHB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-29) 10%
3-HBB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-33) 10%
5-HBB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-33) 10%
3-HHB(2F,3CL)-O2 (3-59) 5%
NI=103.7℃;Δn=0.110;η=29.6mPa・s;Δε=-3.9
4O-B(2F,3F)BH2B(2F,3F)-O2 (No.3407) 5%
2-HH-5 (2-1) 5%
3-HH-4 (2-1) 5%
3-HB-O1 (2-4) 5%
3-HHB-1 (2-25) 10%
3-HHB-3 (2-25) 10%
3-HB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-1) 10%
3-H2B(2F,3F)-O2 (3-3) 5%
5-H2B(2F,3F)-O2 (3-3) 10%
3-HBB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-33) 10%
5-HBB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-33) 10%
2-BB(2F,3F)B-4 (3-57) 5%
3-HHB(2F,3CL)-O2 (3-59) 5%
4O-B(2F,3F)HB2B(2F,3F)-O2 (No.3227) 8%
2-HH-3 (2-1) 10%
2-H2H-3 (2-2) 5%
3-HB-O1 (2-4) 5%
3-HHB-O1 (2-25) 5%
3-HBB-2 (2-35) 5%
3-HHEH-3 (2-46) 5%
3-HB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-1) 8%
3-H2B(2F,3F)-O2 (3-3) 10%
3-HBB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-33) 6%
5-HBB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-33) 10%
3-HHB(2F,3CL)-O2 (3-59) 5%
3-HHB(2F,3CL)-O2 (3-59) 5%
4-HBB(2F,3CL)-O2 (3-63) 3%
3-HBB(2CL,3F)-O2 (3-93) 3%
NI=102.5℃;Δn=0.108;η=36.2mPa・s;Δε=-3.8
4O-B(2F,3F)H2BB(2F,3F)-O2 (No.647) 5%
4O-B(2F,3F)H2HB(2F,3F)-O2 (No.467) 3%
3-HH-4 (2-1) 10%
3-HB-O2 (2-4) 10%
2-BBB(2F)-3 (2-43) 5%
2-BBB(2F)-5 (2-43) 5%
3-HBBH-5 (2-69) 5%
1O1-HBBH-4 (2-69) 4%
5-HB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-1) 10%
3-H2B(2F,3F)-O2 (3-3) 10%
5-H2B(2F,3F)-O2 (3-3) 10%
V-HHB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-29) 10%
5-HHB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-29) 10%
NI=101.2℃;Δn=0.118;η=31.5mPa・s;Δε=-3.5
上記組成物100部にOp05を0.25部添加したときのピッチは60.7μmであった。
4O-B(2F,3F)BeHB(2F,3F)-O2 (No.2769) 5%
2-HH-5 (2-1) 5%
3-HH-4 (2-1) 10%
3-HH-5 (2-1) 5%
1V-HBB-2 (2-35) 5%
2-BB(3F)B-3 (2-44) 5%
2-BB(3F)B-5 (2-44) 5%
3-HB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-1) 12%
5-HB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-1) 12%
3-HH2B(2F,3F)-O2 (3-30) 12%
3-HBB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-33) 7%
3-HHB(2F,3CL)-O2 (3-59) 6%
3-HBB(2F,3CL)-O2 (3-63) 6%
NI=101.3℃;Δn=0.118;η=32.5mPa・s;Δε=-3.6
4O-B(2F,3F)HchB(2F,3F)-O2 (No.377) 5%
4O-B(2F,3F)HHB(2F,3F)-O2 (No.17) 5%
3-HH-4 (2-1) 10%
3-HH-5 (2-1) 7%
V-HHB-1 (2-25) 6%
V2-BB(3F)B-1 (2-44) 5%
3-HHEH-3 (2-46) 5%
3-HHEH-5 (2-46) 5%
3-HB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-1) 10%
5-HB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-1) 10%
5-HB(2F,3CL)-O2 (3-10) 5%
3-HB(2CL,3F)-O2 (3-19) 5%
5-HHB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-29) 5%
3-HH2B(2F,3F)-O2 (3-30) 12%
NI=102.4℃;Δn=0.097;η=31.5mPa・s;Δε=-3.6
4O-B(2F,3F)HH2B(2F,3F)-O2 (No.3047) 5%
3-HH-4 (2-1) 12%
3-HB-O1 (2-4) 10%
3-HBB-2 (2-35) 5%
3-HBBH-5 (2-69) 7%
1O1-HBBH-4 (2-69) 5%
3-HB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-1) 10%
3-H2B(2F,3F)-O2 (3-3) 5%
5-H2B(2F,3F)-O2 (3-3) 10%
3-HB(2F,3CL)-O2 (3-10) 3%
5-HB(2F,3CL)-O2 (3-10) 3%
V-HHB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-29) 5%
5-HHB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-29) 10%
3-HHB(2F,3CL)-O2 (3-59) 5%
4O-B(2F,3F)HB2B(2F,3F)-O2 (No.3227) 7%
2-HH-3 (2-1) 10%
3-HH-4 (2-1) 8%
3-HB-O2 (2-4) 10%
3-HHEBH-3 (2-74) 5%
3-HHEBH-5 (2-74) 3%
3-HB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-1) 10%
3-H2B(2F,3F)-O2 (3-3) 10%
2-HHB(2F,3F)-1 (3-29) 5%
3-HBB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-33) 5%
5-HBB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-33) 4%
3-HHB(2F,3CL)-O2 (3-59) 5%
3-HBB(2F,3CL)-O2 (3-63) 5%
4-HBB(2F,3CL)-O2 (3-63) 5%
NI=101.2℃;Δn=0.102;η=33.5mPa・s;Δε=-3.6
4O-B(2F,3F)HH1OB(2F,3F)-O2 (No.3677) 5%
2-HH-3 (2-1) 10%
3-HH-4 (2-1) 10%
3-H2H-V (2-2) 5%
3-HHEBH-3 (2-74) 5%
3-HHEBH-5 (2-74) 5%
5-HB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-1) 5%
V-HB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-1) 4%
3-H2B(2F,3F)-O2 (3-3) 10%
5-H2B(2F,3F)-O2 (3-3) 5%
3-HBB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-33) 5%
5-HBB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-33) 8%
2-BB(2F,3F)B-3 (3-57) 8%
3-HHB(2F,3CL)-O2 (3-59) 5%
3-HBB(2F,3CL)-O2 (3-63) 5%
NI=101.2℃;Δn=0.106;η=29.6mPa・s;Δε=-3.5
4O-B(2F,3F)H2HB(2F,3F)-O2 (No.467) 5%
3-HH-4 (2-1) 10%
5-HB-3 (2-4) 5%
3-HB-O1 (2-4) 10%
2-BB(3F)B-3 (2-44) 5%
5-HBB(3F)B-2 (2-73) 5%
3-H2B(2F,3F)-O2 (3-3) 10%
5-H2B(2F,3F)-O2 (3-3) 10%
V-HHB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-29) 5%
3-HHB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-29) 10%
5-HHB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-29) 10%
5-HBB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-33) 10%
NI=101.8℃;Δn=0.117;η=33.2mPa・s;Δε=-3.6
4O-B(2F,3F)HB2B(2F,3F)-O2 (No.3227) 8%
2-HH-3 (2-1) 10%
2-H2H-3 (2-2) 5%
3-HB-O1 (2-4) 5%
3-HHB-1 (2-25) 5%
3-HHB-O1 (2-25) 5%
3-HBB-2 (2-35) 5%
3-HHEH-3 (2-46) 5%
3-HB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-1) 8%
3-H2B(2F,3F)-O2 (3-3) 8%
3-HBB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-33) 3%
3-HHB(2F,3CL)-O2 (3-59) 5%
3-HBB(2F,3CL)-O2 (3-63) 3%
3-HBB(2CL,3F)-O2 (3-93) 3%
3-DhHB(2F,3F)-O2 (g-1) 5%
3-HDhB(2F,3F)-O2 (g-1) 5%
3-dhBB(2F,3F)-O2 (g-1) 5%
NI=102.6℃;Δn=0.104;η=35.6mPa・s;Δε=-3.7
4O-B(2F,3F)HB2B(2F,3F)-O2 (No.3227) 7%
2-HH-3 (2-1) 10%
3-HH-5 (2-1) 8%
3-HB-O2 (2-4) 10%
3-HHEBH-3 (2-74) 5%
3-HHEBH-5 (2-74) 4%
3-HB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-1) 10%
3-H2B(2F,3F)-O2 (3-3) 10%
2-HHB(2F,3F)-1 (3-29) 3%
5-HBB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-33) 5%
3-HHB(2F,3CL)-O2 (3-59) 5%
4-HBB(2F,3CL)-O2 (3-63) 5%
3-HH1OB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-31) 5%
3-HH1OB(2F,3F,6Me)-O2 (-) 5%
NI=102.4℃;Δn=0.096;η=32.3mPa・s;Δε=-3.7
2-HH-3 (2-1) 10%
2-H2H-3 (2-2) 5%
3-HB-O1 (2-4) 5%
3-HHB-1 (2-25) 5%
3-HHB-O1 (2-25) 5%
3-HBB-2 (2-35) 5%
3-HHEH-3 (2-46) 5%
3-HB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-1) 8%
3-H2B(2F,3F)-O2 (3-3) 8%
3-HBB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-33) 3%
3-HHB(2F,3CL)-O2 (3-59) 5%
3-HBB(2F,3CL)-O2 (3-63) 3%
3-HBB(2CL,3F)-O2 (3-93) 3%
3-DhHB(2F,3F)-O2 (g-1) 5%
3-HDhB(2F,3F)-O2 (g-1) 5%
3-dhBB(2F,3F)-O2 (g-1) 5%
5-HB(3F)BB(2F,3F)-O2 (i-1) 7%
2O-B(2F,3F)BEHB(2F,3F)-O4 (No.2769) 5%
2O-B(2F,3F)HEHB(2F,3F)-O4 (No.2207) 3%
4O-B(2F,3F)HHEB(2F,3F)-O2 (No.4937) 3%
2-H2H-3 (2-2) 10%
3-H2H-V (2-2) 15%
3-HB-O2 (2-4) 11%
5-HB-O2 (2-4) 11%
5-HBB(3F)B-2 (2-73) 5%
5-HBB(3F)B-3 (2-73) 5%
3-HHEBH-3 (2-74) 5%
3-H2B(2F,3F)-O2 (3-3) 12%
3-HBB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-33) 10%
NI=100.2℃;Δn=0.109;η=31.3mPa・s;Δε=-2.9.
4O-B(2F,3F)HHB(3F)-O2 (No.137) 5%
3-H2H-V (2-2) 10%
5-HB-O2 (2-4) 14%
3-HHB-1 (2-25) 5%
V2-HHB-1 (2-25) 3%
3-HHB-O1 (2-25) 5%
3-HBBH-5 (2-69) 5%
5-HBB(3F)B-2 (2-73) 2%
3-H2B(2F,3F)-O2 (3-3) 15%
5-H2B(2F,3F)-O2 (3-3) 15%
3-HBB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-33) 4%
5-HBB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-33) 8%
3-HHB(2F,3CL)-O2 (3-59) 3%
NI=101.1℃;Δn=0.110;η=29.5mPa・s;Δε=-3.2.
4O-B(2F,3F)HHB(3F)-O2 (No.137) 5%
4O-B(2F,3F)HchB(2F)-O2 (No.410) 3%
4O-B(2F,3F)HHB(2F)-O2 (No.77) 5%
2-H2H-3 (2-2) 10%
3-H2H-V (2-2) 5%
3-HB-O2 (2-4) 12%
5-HB-O2 (2-4) 10%
3-HHB-O1 (2-25) 5%
5-HBB(3F)B-2 (2-73) 5%
3-HHEBH-5 (2-74) 5%
3-H2B(2F,3F)-O2 (3-3) 12%
5-H2B(2F,3F)-O2 (3-3) 5%
3-HBB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-33) 10%
5-HBB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-33) 5%
NI=104.8℃;Δn=0.113;η=29.4mPa・s;Δε=-3.2.
Claims (26)
- 式(a)で表される液晶性化合物。
式(a)において、RaおよびRbは独立して、水素、炭素数1~10のアルキル、炭素数2~10のアルケニル、炭素数1~9のアルコキシ、炭素数2~9のアルコキシアルキル、または炭素数2~9のアルケニルオキシであり;
環A1および環A2は独立して、1,4-フェニレン、トランス-1,4-シクロへキシレン、1,4-シクロヘキセニレン、テトラヒドロピラン-2,5-ジイル、1,3-ジオキサン-2,5-ジイル、ピリミジン-2,5-ジイル、またはピリジン-2,5-ジイルであるが、環A1および環A2が同時に1,4-フェニレンであることはなく;
L1、L2、L3およびL4は独立して、水素またはフッ素であり、これらのうち少なくとも3つはフッ素であり;
Z1およびZ2は独立して、単結合、-CH2CH2-、-CH=CH-、-C≡C-、-CH2O-、-OCH2-、-COO-、または-OCO-である。 - 式(a)において、環A1および環A2が独立して、1,4-フェニレン、トランス-1,4-シクロへキシレン、1,4-シクロヘキセニレン、またはテトラヒドロピラン-2,5-ジイルである請求項1に記載の液晶性化合物。
- 式(a-1)で表される請求項2に記載の液晶性化合物。
式(a-1)において、Ra1およびRb1は独立して、炭素数1~10のアルキル、炭素数2~10のアルケニル、炭素数1~9のアルコキシ、炭素数2~9のアルコキシアルキル、または炭素数2~9のアルケニルオキシであり;
環A3は、1,4-フェニレン、トランス-1,4-シクロへキシレン、1,4-シクロヘキセニレン、またはテトラヒドロピラン-2,5-ジイルであり;
環A4は、トランス-1,4-シクロへキシレン、1,4-シクロヘキセニレン、またはテトラヒドロピラン-2,5-ジイルであり;
L5、L6、L7およびL8は独立して、水素またはフッ素であり、これらのうち少なくとも3つはフッ素であり;
Z3は独立して、単結合、-CH2CH2-、-CH=CH-、-CH2O-、-OCH2-、-COO-、または-OCO-である。 - 式(a-2)で表される請求項2に記載の液晶性化合物。
式(a-2)において、Ra2およびRb2は独立して、炭素数1~10のアルキル、炭素数2~10のアルケニル、炭素数1~9のアルコキシ、炭素数2~9のアルコキシアルキル、または炭素数2~9のアルケニルオキシであり;
環A5および環A6は独立して、1,4-フェニレン、トランス-1,4-シクロへキシレン、1,4-シクロヘキセニレン、またはテトラヒドロピラン-2,5-ジイルであるが、環A5および環A6が同時に1,4-フェニレンであることはなく;
L9、L10、L11およびL12は独立して、水素またはフッ素であり、これらのうち少なくとも3つはフッ素であり;
Z4は独立して、-CH2CH2-、-CH=CH-、-CH2O-、-OCH2-、-COO-、または-OCO-である。 - 式(a-3)~(a-8)において、Z5が単結合である、請求項5に記載の液晶性化合物。
- 式(a-3)~(a-8)において、Z5が-OCO-である、請求項5に記載の液晶性化合物。
- 式(a-3)~(a-8)において、Z5が-COO-である、請求項5に記載の液晶性化合物。
- 式(a-3)~(a-8)において、Z5が-OCH2-である、請求項5に記載の液晶性化合物。
- 式(a-3)~(a-8)において、Z5が-CH2O-である、請求項5に記載の液晶性化合物。
- 式(a-3)~(a-8)において、Z5が-CH2CH2-である、請求項5に記載の液晶性化合物。
- 式(a-9)~(a-15)において、Z6が-OCO-である、請求項6に記載の液晶性化合物。
- 式(a-9)~(a-15)において、Z6が-COO-である、請求項6に記載の液晶性化合物。
- 式(a-9)~(a-15)において、Z6が-OCH2-である、請求項6に記載の液晶性化合物。
- 式(a-9)~(a-15)において、Z6が-CH2O-である、請求項6に記載の液晶性化合物。
- 式(a-9)~(a-15)において、Z6が-CH2CH2-である、請求項6に記載の液晶性化合物。
- 第一成分として、請求項1~17のいずれか1項に記載の化合物を少なくとも1つ含有し、第二成分として、式(e-1)~(e-3)で表される化合物を少なくとも1つ含有する、液晶組成物。
式(e-1)~(e-3)において、Ra11およびRb11は独立して、炭素数1~10のアルキルであり、このアルキル中において、相隣接しない任意の-CH2-は-O-で置き換えられていてもよく、相隣接しない任意の-CH2CH2-は-CH=CH-で置き換えられていてもよく、水素はフッ素で置き換えられていてもよく;
環A11、環A12、環A13、および環A14は独立して、トランス-1,4-シクロへキシレン、1,4-フェニレン、2-フルオロ-1,4-フェニレン、3-フルオロ-1,4-フェニレン、ピリミジン-2,5-ジイル、1,3-ジオキサン-2,5-ジイル、またはテトラヒドロピラン-2,5-ジイルであり;
Z11、Z12、およびZ13は独立して、単結合、-CH2CH2-、-CH=CH-、-C≡C-、-COO-、または-CH2O-である。 - 第一成分が請求項3に記載の式(a-1)で表される化合物から選択される少なくとも1つの化合物であり、第二成分が請求項18に記載の式(e-1)~(e-3)から選択される少なくとも1つの化合物である、液晶組成物。
- 第一成分が請求項4に記載の式(a-2)で表される化合物から選択される少なくとも1つの化合物であり、第二成分が請求項18に記載の式(e-1)~(e-3)から選択される少なくとも1つの化合物である、液晶組成物。
- 液晶組成物の全重量に基づいて、第一成分の含有割合が5~60重量%の範囲であり、第二成分の含有割合が40~95重量%の範囲である、請求項18~20に記載の、液晶組成物。
- 第一成分、および第二成分に加えて、第三成分として式(g-1)~(g-6)で表される化合物群および式(i-1)~(i-4)で表される化合物群から選択される少なくとも1つの化合物を含有する、請求項18~21に記載の、液晶組成物。
式(g-1)~(g-6)において、Ra21およびRb21は独立して、水素、または炭素数1~10のアルキルであり、このアルキル中において、相隣接しない任意の-CH2-は-O-で置き換えられていてもよく、相隣接しない任意の-CH2CH2-は-CH=CH-で置き換えられていてもよく、水素はフッ素で置き換えられていてもよく;
環A21、環A22、および環A23は独立して、トランス-1,4-シクロへキシレン、1,4-フェニレン、2-フルオロ-1,4-フェニレン、3-フルオロ-1,4-フェニレン、2,3-ジフルオロ-1,4-フェニレン、ピリミジン-2,5-ジイル、1,3-ジオキサン-2,5-ジイル、またはテトラヒドロピラン-2,5-ジイルであり;
Z21、Z22、およびZ23は独立して、単結合、-CH2CH2-、-CH=CH-、-C≡C-、-OCF2-、-CF2O-、-OCF2CH2CH2-、-CH2CH2CF2O-、-COO-、-OCO-、-OCH2-、または-CH2O-であり;
Y1、Y2、Y3、およびY4は独立して、フッ素または塩素であり;
q、r、およびsは独立して、0、1、または2であり、q+rは1または2であり、q+r+sは1、2、または3であり;
tは0、1、または2である。
式(i-1)~(i-4)において、Ra23およびRb23は独立して、炭素数1~8のアルキル、または炭素数1~7のアルコキシであり;
環A24は、トランス-1,4-シクロへキシレン、1,4-シクロヘキセニレン、1,4-フェニレン、またはテトラヒドロピラン-2,5-ジイルであり;
環A25は、トランス-1,4-シクロへキシレン、1,4-フェニレン、2-フルオロ-1,4-フェニレンまたは3-フルオロ-1,4-フェニレンであり;
Z27は独立して、単結合、-CH2O-、-COO-または-CF2O-であり;
X1、およびX2は、共にフッ素、または一方がフッ素で他方が水素である。 - 液晶組成物の全重量に基づいて、第一成分の含有割合が5~60重量%の範囲であり、第二成分の含有割合が20~75重量%の範囲であり、第三成分の含有割合が20~75重量%の範囲である、請求項22または23のいずれか1項に記載の、液晶組成物。
- 請求項18~24のいずれか1項に記載の液晶組成物を含有する液晶表示素子。
- 液晶表示素子の動作モードが、VAモード、IPSモードまたはPSAモードであり、液晶表示素子の駆動方式がアクティブマトリックス方式である、請求項25に記載の液晶表示素子。
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JP (1) | JP5549599B2 (ja) |
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WO (1) | WO2010082558A1 (ja) |
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Also Published As
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GB2478451A (en) | 2011-09-07 |
GB2478451B (en) | 2014-04-09 |
TWI458811B (zh) | 2014-11-01 |
JPWO2010082558A1 (ja) | 2012-07-05 |
TW201033339A (en) | 2010-09-16 |
US20120018672A1 (en) | 2012-01-26 |
US8501038B2 (en) | 2013-08-06 |
GB2478451B8 (en) | 2014-05-21 |
JP5549599B2 (ja) | 2014-07-16 |
GB201108209D0 (en) | 2011-06-29 |
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