WO2010066414A1 - Procédé et dispositif de soudage par résistance - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de soudage par résistance Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010066414A1
WO2010066414A1 PCT/EP2009/008799 EP2009008799W WO2010066414A1 WO 2010066414 A1 WO2010066414 A1 WO 2010066414A1 EP 2009008799 W EP2009008799 W EP 2009008799W WO 2010066414 A1 WO2010066414 A1 WO 2010066414A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
welding
welding current
electrode
current
workpieces
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2009/008799
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Erdogan Karakas
Original Assignee
Erdogan Karakas
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Erdogan Karakas filed Critical Erdogan Karakas
Priority to EP09801934A priority Critical patent/EP2376255A1/fr
Publication of WO2010066414A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010066414A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
    • B23K11/10—Spot welding; Stitch welding
    • B23K11/11—Spot welding
    • B23K11/115—Spot welding by means of two electrodes placed opposite one another on both sides of the welded parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
    • B23K11/24—Electric supply or control circuits therefor
    • B23K11/25—Monitoring devices
    • B23K11/252—Monitoring devices using digital means
    • B23K11/257—Monitoring devices using digital means the measured parameter being an electrical current

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a resistance welding method referred to in the preamble of claim 1 and a resistance welding device referred to in the preamble of claim 18 for welding at least two workpieces together.
  • climate change and rising energy prices, especially in the automotive industry are creating a need to save fuel by reducing the weight of automobiles.
  • One possibility for weight reduction is the use of thinner high-alloy austenitic steels with high strength and / or aluminum.
  • the welding properties of these materials in a resistance welding process deviate significantly from those of conventionally used workpieces, so that the quality of the welded joints deteriorates, especially in mixed joints, for example, joining a normal strength or a high strength steel sheet.
  • the different physical properties and chemical compositions of these sheets have a decisive influence on their weldability and thus on the quality of each weld obtained.
  • the high strength sheet melts rather than the normal strength because the electrical resistance of a high strength steel is higher than that of a normal strength steel.
  • DE 199 15 121 A1 and DE 199 23 172 A1 disclose a resistance welding method for welding together at least two workpieces, in which a welding current is introduced into the workpieces via a first electrode and a second electrode.
  • the methods known from these documents are particularly suitable for welding aluminum sheets as well as arrangements consisting of two or three sheets.
  • the position of the weld nugget is controllable relative to an interface between the workpieces to be welded, so that, in particular, a nugget that is symmetrical to the boundary surface can be formed during the welding process.
  • a voltage applied to the electrodes welding voltage is reversed. In this way, in particular, the formation of an asymmetrical to an interface between the workpieces to be welded
  • Welding lens can be avoided, the quality of the welded joint is increased.
  • the service life or stagnation of the electrodes or electrocapsules is ciuCut. Resistance welding methods are further described by DE 20 2007 000 009 U1, WO 2004/004961 A1, US 5 552 573 A, DE 197 54 546 C1, JP 10 029 071 A, JP 08 118 037 A and JP 05 192 274 A, US 3 462 577 and DE 39 23 433 Al.
  • DE-PS 46 70 57 a resistance welding method of the type in question for welding at least two workpieces is known to each other, in which a welding current is introduced into the workpieces via a first electrode and a second electrode and in which at least one of the workpieces is contacted via at least one third electrode that two of the electrodes in a first welding circuit for introducing a first partial welding current are in the workpieces and that the remaining electrode or at least one of the remaining electrodes in a second welding circuit for introducing a second partial
  • the invention has for its object to provide a resistance welding method or a resistance welding device referred to in the preamble of claim 1 or 18, with the type or with which can achieve a high quality of the welded joint.
  • the invention is based on the idea that the welding process can then be particularly well influenced, for example with regard to the formation of a weld nugget, if the welding current can be influenced separately from each other at the electrodes.
  • the inventive method provides that at least one of the workpieces is contacted in such a way via at least one third electrode that two of the electrodes in a first welding circuit for
  • the welding current is thus introduced into the workpieces via at least two welding circuits.
  • one of the electrodes may be in the first welding circuit and the other electrode may be in the second welding circuit, so that the part welding current flowing to the electrodes of the tongs may be separated from each other.
  • the welding process can be influenced particularly precisely, in particular with regard to the supply of welding energy to the electrodes, for example a welding tongs.
  • the first part of the welding current and the second part of the welding current are measured separately and that at least one parameter of the welding process is influenced as a function of at least one of the measured welding currents.
  • at least one parameter of the welding process is influenced as a function of at least one of the measured welding currents.
  • particularly high-quality welded joints can be produced by means of the method according to the invention.
  • the partial welding currents it is also possible to measure according to the invention dependent thereon, in particular electrical variables, for example electrical voltages, resistances or powers.
  • the influencing of at least one parameter of the welding process may consist in an adjustment and / or a control and / or a regulation and be carried out before or after the welding process or during the welding process.
  • At least one third electrode is present to form at least two welding circuits.
  • a development of the invention provides that the first and the second electrode to each other and the third electrode to the first and second
  • Electrode is oppositely poled, such that the first part-welding current flows through the first electrode and the third electrode and the second part-welding current via the second and the third electrode.
  • first and the second electrode are, for example, electrodes of a welding tongs, they can be poled negatively according to the invention, while the third electrode is positively poled. A stronger warming of the positively poled electrode occurring due to the Peltier effect thus occurs at the third electrode and thus not at the electrodes of the welding tongs. In this way, the service life or stagnation of the relatively expensive electrodes of the welding gun is increased.
  • the electrode can be reduced in that it is designed as a flat electrode, since it serves exclusively for introducing the welding current and not for pressing the workpieces to be welded together, as is the case with the electrodes of a welding tongs.
  • An extraordinarily advantageous development of the invention provides that the first partial welding current and the second partial welding current are set and / or controlled separately from one another with regard to at least one parameter in each case.
  • Another advantageous development of the invention provides that the adjustment and / or control and / or regulation is carried out during the welding process.
  • the welding process can thus be influenced online.
  • the parameter is the amplitude and / or the time average and / or the effective value of at least one welding current and / or that the characteristic quantity is the amplitude and / or the time average and / or the rms value of at least one welding voltage and / or that the characteristic is the amplitude and / or the time average and / or the effective value of a welding power and / or that the characteristic is a time period and / or a temporal Course of a welding current or a welding voltage and / or a Force with which one of the electrodes is pressed onto the associated workpiece is.
  • the first part of the welding current and the second partial welding current can be generated by the same current source or by different current sources according to the respective requirements, as provided by other developments of the method according to the invention.
  • the welding current may be a direct current or an alternating current, as provided by other developments of the invention.
  • the polarity of the electrodes is changed during the welding process.
  • it can be changed in this embodiment, which are the same polarity of the electrodes.
  • the polarity during the welding process can be changed so that one of the electrodes of the welding gun is the same polarity as the other electrode of the welding gun is poled.
  • the position and / or size of a welding lens which forms at an interface between two workpieces during the welding process is influenced by adjusting or controlling at least one parameter of the welding process, as another to provide advantageous development of the invention.
  • the position and size of the weld nugget can be influenced so as to form a nipples symmetrical to the interface between the workpieces to be welded. If more than two workpieces are welded together by means of the method according to the invention, then according to the invention the partial welding currents can be chosen such that a weld nugget symmetrical to the boundary surface forms at each interface between two workpieces to be welded.
  • the parameters of the welding process at least one welding current and / or at least a welding voltage and / or a temperature of at least one electrode and / or at least one force with which an electrode is pressed onto the associated workpiece, and / or an electrical resistance and / or one of one of these parameters.
  • the welding current may be at least one of the partial welding currents or the total welding current flowing through the workpieces to be welded.
  • the welding process is understood to mean the respective resistance welding process with its parameters and boundary conditions.
  • the method according to the invention is suitable for welding workpieces which are identical in terms of material and workpiece thickness.
  • the method according to the invention is particularly well suited if at least two of the workpieces differ with regard to material and / or workpiece thickness, as provided by another advantageous development. Since, by means of the method according to the invention, the partial welding currents flowing at the electrodes can be influenced separately from one another, can workpieces are welded together by means of the method according to the invention, which differ greatly from each other in terms of their material and their workpiece thickness. This is especially true for welded joints of more than two workpieces. Since it may be important for certain welding tasks, which of the electrodes is electrically connected to ground, another embodiment of the invention provides that the ground connection of the electrodes can be switched.
  • the electrodes can be configured in any suitable manner when carrying out the method according to the invention.
  • An advantageous development of the method according to the invention is when two of the electrodes are formed by the electrodes of a welding tongs.
  • each of the workpieces is contacted by means of an electrode, that is, for example, three workpieces are each contacted by one of three electrodes.
  • the number of electrodes corresponds to the number of workpieces or is greater than the number of workpieces, wherein at least one of the workpieces is contacted by at least two electrodes. Combinations of the two aforementioned constellations are possible.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic illustration of a first exemplary embodiment of a resistance welding device according to the invention, which is also referred to below as a device
  • FIG. 2 shows in the same representation as FIG. 1 a second embodiment of a device according to the invention together with an electrical equivalent circuit diagram
  • Fig. 3 shows the embodiment of FIG.
  • FIG. 4 shows in the same representation as FIG. 2 a third exemplary embodiment of a device according to the invention
  • FIG. 5 shows an electrical equivalent circuit diagram according to FIG. 1, Fig. 6A in the same representation as Fig. 1, a fourth ⁇ uaJlühxur-ysbeisp; ' ⁇ ' - ' * a device according to the invention
  • FIG. 6B in the same representation as FIG. 6A shows a modification of the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 6A, FIG.
  • FIG. 7 shows, in the same representation as FIG. 1, a fifth exemplary embodiment of a device according to the invention in which tyrist holes are used,
  • FIG. 11 in the same representation as Fig. 7, the embodiment of FIG.
  • FIG. 16 in the same representation as Fig. 1, a sixth embodiment of a device according to the invention.
  • Fig. 1 is a first embodiment of a Inventive device 2 for performing an embodiment of a method according to the invention shown, which serves to weld workpieces together.
  • three workpieces 4, 6, 8 are welded, which in this embodiment are sheets which consist of different materials and have different workpiece thicknesses.
  • the device 2 according to the invention comprises means 10 for generating a
  • Welding current which have a current source 12 in this embodiment.
  • a first electrode 14 and a second electrode 16 are provided, which are formed in this embodiment by electrodes of a welding tongs.
  • the workpieces 4, 6, 8 are pressed together by means of the electrodes 14, 16 and welded together when the welding current flows.
  • the first electrode 14 contacts the workpiece 4, while the second electrode 16 contacts the workpiece 8.
  • the device 2 has a third electrode 18.
  • the current source 12 in this embodiment has two negative poles 20, 22 connected to the first electrode 14 and the second electrode 16, respectively, and a positive pole 24 connected to the third electrode 18 is.
  • a first part of the welding current flows via the first electrode 14, the first workpiece 4, the second workpiece 6 and the third electrode 18 during a welding operation, while a second part of the welding current i2 passes through the second electrode 16, the third workpiece 8, that second workpiece 6 and the third electrode 18 flows.
  • the electrodes 14, 18 are in a first welding circuit while the second electrode 16 is in a second welding circuit together with the third electrode 18.
  • the first part of the welding current and the second part of the welding current are measured separately, wherein a measuring device for measuring the first part of welding current in Fig. 1 schematically at reference numeral 21 and a measuring device for measuring the second partial welding current in Fig. 1st at the reference numeral 23 is indicated.
  • at least one parameter of the welding process is influenced as a function of at least one of the measured partial flows.
  • the first part welding current and the second partial welding current are controlled separately.
  • Corresponding control or regulating means are schematically indicated in FIG. 1 and designated by the reference numeral 25.
  • the first part welding current il
  • the second part -Welding current i2 flows.
  • the first part-welding current and the second part-welding current are measured by the measuring devices 21 and 23 separately from each other and the measured values via not shown signal lines the Steuerungslust , Control means 25 supplied. If required according to the respective requirements, too Further parameters of the welding process the Steuerungsl.
  • the partial welding currents il and i2 are independent of each other by the control or regulating means 25 adjustable or controllable or adjustable.
  • the partial welding currents il and i2 can be chosen such that, despite the different materials, during the welding process
  • Sheet thicknesses of the workpieces 4, 6, 8 both between the workpieces 4, 6 and between the workpieces 6, 8 forms a weld joint of high quality.
  • FIG. 2 shows a second exemplary embodiment of a device 2 according to the invention, which differs from the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1 in that, instead of the common current source 12, two separate current sources 12 ', 12 "are provided, of which the current source 12 'for generating the partial welding current il and the current source 12' 'for generating the partial welding current i2 is used.
  • the first workpiece 4 and the second workpiece 6 are normal-strength steel sheet, while the third workpiece 8 is high-strength steel sheet.
  • the specific electrical resistance of the third workpiece 8 is greater than the electrical resistance of the workpieces 4, 6.
  • FIG. 2 shows on the right the electrical equivalent circuit diagram of the device 2,
  • Rul the contact resistance between the first electrode 14 and the first workpiece 4
  • RwI the resistance of the first workpiece 4
  • Ru2 the contact resistance between the workpieces 4
  • ⁇ w2 the resistance of Werkalüukö 6,
  • RÜ3 represents the contact resistance between the workpieces 6, 8
  • R A R 01 + R -1 + R ü2 + 1/2 * R w2
  • R B R ü3 + R w3 + R ü4 + 1/2 * R w2
  • the power P A dissipated between the workpieces 4, 6 and the power P B dissipated between the workpieces 6, 8 results as follows:
  • the partial welding currents il and i2 can be adjusted or controlled or regulated so that both during the welding process forms at the interface between the workpieces 4 and 6 as well as at the interface between the workpieces 6 and 8 a nugget, which leads to a secure welding of the workpieces 4, 6, 8 together.
  • the first electrode 14 is negatively polarized by connection to a corresponding pole 20 'of the voltage source 12', while the third electrode 18 is connected by connection to the corresponding poles 24 'and 24''of the current sources 12 ', 12''posiciv and the second ⁇ lek 16 is negatively polarized by connection to a corresponding pole 22 'of the current source 12''.
  • FIG. 3 the embodiment of FIG. 2 with changed polarity of the poles 20 ', 22', 24 ', 24' 'is shown.
  • the first electrode 14 is positive and the second electrode 16 is negatively polarized.
  • Which polarity the third electrode 18 has depends on the potentials at the poles 24 ', 24' 'of the current sources 12', 12 '', so that the partial welding currents il and i2 can be controlled by appropriate adjustment of these polarities ,
  • a third embodiment of a device 2 according to the invention is shown, which differs from the embodiment of FIG. 3 in that the current sources 12 ', 12' 'are connected to the electrodes 14, 16, 18, that the first Electrode 14 and the third electrode 18 are positively poled, while the second electrode 16 is negatively polarized.
  • the currents il and i2 can be adjusted or controlled separately from one another, it is possible for the currents at the interface between the workpieces 4, 6 to be on the one hand and to independently adjust the energy dissipated at the interface between the workpieces 6, 8, on the other hand. This makes it possible to selectively control the formation of the weld nugget at the respective interface and by avoiding excessive thermal stress on the electrical exhaust To increase service life or level of the electrodes 14, 16.
  • the partial welding current il can be selected according to the equivalent circuit diagram in FIG. 5 by the potential difference UOl between the poles 20 ', 24' of the current source 12 'and by an adjustable resistor 26, during the time course of the partial welding current il can be influenced by a switch 28.
  • the partial welding current il can be selected by the potential difference U02 between the poles 22 ', 24 "of the current source 12" and by an adjustable resistor 30, while its temporal progression can be influenced by means of a switch 32 ,
  • a fourth embodiment of a device 2 according to the invention is shown, in which the power source 12 is formed as an AC power source and consists of a MF inverter and a transformer 34 with center tap and two rectifier diodes 36, 38.
  • the electrodes 14, 16 are negatively poled, while the electrode 18 is positively poled.
  • FIG. 6B shows a modification of the fourth exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 6A, which differs from the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 6A in that, instead of a single transformer, two transformers 34 ', 34 "are provided with respective rectifier diodes 36'. In this way, both half-waves of the current flowing on the primary side of the respective transformer 34 'or 34 "current on the secondary side of the respective transformer 34' and 34" in a In addition, in this embodiment, one of the transformers 34 'and 34 "is prevented from saturating.
  • FIG. 7 shows a fifth exemplary embodiment of a device 2 according to the invention, in which the current source 12 is connected to the electrodes 14, 16, 18 via four thyristors 40, 42, 44, 46.
  • a current source 12 provided with two negative poles 20, 22 and one positive pole 24 is used. det, as already shown in Fig. 1.
  • the thyristor 40 is connected in a connection line between the negative pole 20 and the first electrode 14, while the thyristor 46 is connected in a connecting line between the negative pole 22 and the second electrode 16.
  • the thyristors 40, 42 are connected in parallel to each other in opposite directions to the electrodes 14, 16.
  • Fig. 8 shows the device 2 of FIG. 7 in an operating condition in which the thyristors 40, 42 lock while the thyristors 44, 46 conduct, so that both in the extending across the electrodes 14 and 18 welding circuit and in the over the electrodes 16 and 18 extending welding circuit a partial welding current flows.
  • FIG. 9 shows the device 2 according to FIG. 7 in an operating state in which the thyristors 40 and 44 conduct, while the thyristors 42 and 46 block.
  • a welding current flows exclusively in the welding circuit running across the electrodes 14, 18, while the welding circuit running across the electrodes 16, 18 is interrupted.
  • FIG. 10 shows the device 2 according to FIG. 7 in an operating state in which the thyristors 40, 46 conduct while the thyristors 42, 44 are blocking, in this operating state a welding current flows exclusively in the welding circuit extending across the electrodes 16, 18 while the welding circuit running across the electrodes 14, 18 is interrupted.
  • Fig. 11 shows the embodiment of FIG. 7 in connection with additional measuring means for measuring at least one parameter of the welding process during the welding process.
  • the measuring means 48 may have a characteristic of the sectional Welding currents il and i2, the welding voltages Ul and U2, a force with which the electrodes 14, 16 are placed on the workpieces 4, 8, or measure other parameters of the welding process.
  • the measuring means 48 are in data transmission connection with control and / or regulating means 50, by the current sources 12 ', 12''can be controlled or regulated, for example, to influence the welding currents il and i2 according to the respective requirements.
  • control and / or regulating means 50 By the control and / or regulating means 50, the thyristors 40, 42, 44 and 46 are further controlled.
  • FIG. 15 shows by way of example time profiles of the currents il and i2, wherein it can be seen that the time profile of the current il of the time profile of the current i2 is independent.
  • Fig. 16 shows a sixth embodiment of a device according to the invention, which differs from the
  • Embodiment of FIG. 2 differs in that it is used to weld only two workpieces 4, 8 together. Accordingly, the third electrode 18 is formed so as to be suitable for simultaneously contacting the workpieces 4 and 8.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Resistance Welding (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de soudage par résistance permettant de souder au moins deux pièces (4, 6, 8) l'une à l'autre, un courant de soudage passant dans la pièce par l'intermédiaire d'une première électrode (14) et d'une deuxième électrode (16). Au moins une troisième électrode (18) vient en contact avec au moins une des pièces, de sorte que deux des électrodes se trouvent dans un premier circuit de soudage afin de faire passer un premier courant de soudage partiel dans les pièces, et que les autres électrodes ou au moins une des autres électrodes se trouvent dans un second circuit de soudage afin de faire passer un second courant de soudage partiel dans les pièces. Selon l'invention, le premier courant de soudage partiel et le second courant de soudage partiel sont mesurés (21, 23) séparément, au moins une grandeur caractéristique du processus de soudage étant variable en fonction d'au moins un des courants de soudage partiels mesurés.
PCT/EP2009/008799 2008-12-12 2009-12-09 Procédé et dispositif de soudage par résistance WO2010066414A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP09801934A EP2376255A1 (fr) 2008-12-12 2009-12-09 Procédé et dispositif de soudage par résistance

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102008061669.9 2008-12-12
DE102008061669 2008-12-12

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Publication Number Publication Date
WO2010066414A1 true WO2010066414A1 (fr) 2010-06-17

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102011018653A1 (de) 2011-02-18 2012-01-19 Erdogan Karakas Widerstands-Schweißvorrichtung
DE102012015241A1 (de) 2011-09-18 2013-03-21 Erdogan Karakas Verfahrenskombination zum Widerstandsschweißen
US20150298234A1 (en) * 2014-04-22 2015-10-22 Medtronic, Inc. Systems and methods for bonding an implantable medical device

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DE102005014969A1 (de) 2005-04-01 2006-10-05 Linde Ag Verfahren zum Lichtbogenschweißen
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DE202007004709U1 (de) 2007-03-30 2007-06-06 Max Streicher Gmbh & Co. Kgaa Schweißautomat
DE102007002578B3 (de) 2007-01-11 2008-06-19 Ewm Hightec Welding Gmbh Zeitfenster vor dem Wiederzünden

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE467057C (de) 1928-10-19 Paul Eibig Verfahren zum elektrischen Schweissen von zwei ungleich grossen und starken Werkstuecken
DE1167466B (de) 1960-01-05 1964-04-09 Standard Pressed Steel Co Schaltanordnung fuer die Widerstands-Doppel-Punkt-Schweissung mit gemeinsamer Gegenelektrode und mit Laengs- und Querdurchflutung der Werkstuecke durch den Schweissstrom
US3462577A (en) 1966-12-23 1969-08-19 Texas Instruments Inc Welding method and apparatus
US4037073A (en) * 1967-02-11 1977-07-19 Otto Alfred Becker Resistance welding of sheet metal coated with layers
DE2005583A1 (en) 1970-02-06 1972-03-30 Linde Ag Submerged arc welding using two electrodesin tandem
DE3507012C2 (fr) 1985-02-28 1988-08-18 Eichhorn, Friedrich, Prof. Dr.-Ing., 5100 Aachen, De
DD259585A1 (de) 1987-04-13 1988-08-31 Wismar Ing Hochschule Zweidrahtbrenner zum schutzgasmodulierten schweissen
DE3923433A1 (de) 1988-07-25 1990-02-01 Gen Electric Verfahren zum schweissen von blechen
JPH05192274A (ja) 1992-01-21 1993-08-03 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 電気掃除機
US5552573A (en) 1993-12-08 1996-09-03 The Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd. Resistance welding process for aluminum and aluminum alloy materials
JPH08118037A (ja) 1994-10-28 1996-05-14 Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The 金属板の抵抗溶接方法及び抵抗溶接装置
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DE102011018653A1 (de) 2011-02-18 2012-01-19 Erdogan Karakas Widerstands-Schweißvorrichtung
DE102012015241A1 (de) 2011-09-18 2013-03-21 Erdogan Karakas Verfahrenskombination zum Widerstandsschweißen
US20150298234A1 (en) * 2014-04-22 2015-10-22 Medtronic, Inc. Systems and methods for bonding an implantable medical device
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