WO2010061772A1 - イムノクロマト媒体およびイムノクロマトグラフ法 - Google Patents
イムノクロマト媒体およびイムノクロマトグラフ法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010061772A1 WO2010061772A1 PCT/JP2009/069609 JP2009069609W WO2010061772A1 WO 2010061772 A1 WO2010061772 A1 WO 2010061772A1 JP 2009069609 W JP2009069609 W JP 2009069609W WO 2010061772 A1 WO2010061772 A1 WO 2010061772A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
- G01N33/543—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor with an insoluble carrier for immobilising immunochemicals
- G01N33/54366—Apparatus specially adapted for solid-phase testing
- G01N33/54386—Analytical elements
- G01N33/54387—Immunochromatographic test strips
- G01N33/54388—Immunochromatographic test strips based on lateral flow
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
- G01N33/558—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor using diffusion or migration of antigen or antibody
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y5/00—Nanobiotechnology or nanomedicine, e.g. protein engineering or drug delivery
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/58—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving labelled substances
- G01N33/582—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving labelled substances with fluorescent label
Definitions
- the present invention generally relates to an immunochromatograph using an immunochromatographic medium that detects and identifies a plurality of analytes (also referred to as analytes) in a single fluid sample, if present, on a single support. Regarding the law.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an immunochromatographic medium and an immunochromatography method capable of simultaneously detecting and quantifying a plurality of items even when detecting a plurality of items exceeding four types of color tones capable of colored latex particles. .
- the labeled reagent is An immunochromatographic medium, characterized in that it is a fluorescent nanoparticle and the detection site is in the form of dots.
- An immunochromatographic method wherein the reacted chromatographic reaction solution is moved on the immunochromatographic medium and captured at a detection site where a substance capable of binding to the substance to be detected is immobilized to detect the substance to be detected.
- the immunochromatographic medium and immunochromatographic method of the present invention enable simple and quantitative multiple simultaneous analysis by using a 1-strip immunochromatographic medium using fluorescent nanoparticles. That is, by using the immunochromatographic medium of the present invention, it is possible to emit multiple colors with one-wavelength excitation, so that not only can multiple items be detected at the same time without increasing the operation, but in the case of a line, 3-4 types of Although the detection site is the limit, since the area of the detection site occupied by the dot shape is small, a plurality of detection sites can be set. Therefore, even when the number of items is 3 to 4 or more, analysis can be performed in one strip, and detection can be performed without changing the amount of sample to be added. In addition, since dilution of the sample is unnecessary, a plurality of items can be detected with high sensitivity.
- the support used in the immunochromatographic medium of the present invention can reach the chromatographic detection unit reliably by allowing the complex of the substance to be detected and the detection reagent to stably and quickly diffuse and move in the presence of a solvent.
- it is necessary to have a pore size larger than that of the composite.
- it is used for a glass fiber sheet, a porous material such as paper or nitrocellulose, a fiber matrix, or a thin layer chromatograph.
- the carrier include silica, fine granular cellulose, and nylon 6,6.
- Preferred porous materials for conducting a lateral flow support assay with high sensitivity and specificity include microporous cellulose esters, for example, cellulose esters with aliphatic carboxylic acids such as alkanecarboxylic acids, particularly preferably. Examples include microporous materials made from nitrocellulose. Moreover, the mixture of the said cellulose ester and nitrocellulose can also be used suitably.
- the shape of the immunochromatographic medium having the support is usually a band shape, and the chromatographic detection sites are arranged in a dot shape. In the medium of the present invention, the length for moving the chromatographic reaction solution is usually about 1 to 10 cm, and the width is usually about 0.5 to 2 cm.
- a plurality of detections can be performed at the same time by making the detection portion into a dot shape. If the detection accuracy can be maintained, many dots can be created in a single immunochromatographic medium, but the effectiveness of using quantum dots for detection, ease of visual recognition, and ease of handling Therefore, the number of dots is preferably 3 or more and 30 or less. More preferably, it is 5 or more and 30 or less.
- the shape of the dot is preferably rectangular or circular, and the size is not particularly limited, but a size of about 1 to 5 mm is preferable because it is easy to view and easy to measure. Further, the interval between adjacent dots is set in a range where the fixing antibody does not bleed. The distance can be about 1 to 2 mm.
- ⁇ Two-dimensional arrangements that are substantially equidistant from each other are preferable from the viewpoint of ease of measurement and visual certainty. Specifically, they are arranged in a matrix and the number of rows and columns can be about 1 to 6, respectively.
- the dots are provided on the material covering the absorbent pad, and the fixing antibody can be immobilized by spraying or the like.
- the dots can then be protected with a laminate or the like.
- sample in the present invention various solutions are used, and biological liquid samples such as blood, plasma, serum, saliva, urine, milk, pleural effusion, mucous membrane, spinal fluid, peritoneal fluid, amniotic fluid or feces are used. . Further, it may be obtained from a fermentation process, a cell culture, a chemical reaction mixture or the like. In addition to biological fluids or physiological fluids, other liquid samples such as water, food production test samples, water quality or soil test samples may be used.
- the detection target may be any substance that specifically binds to the substance (substance that can bind to the substance to be detected).
- a polypeptide, a protein, a complex protein, a polysaccharide, a lipid, a complex lipid examples include hormones and nucleic acids.
- Examples of the substance that specifically binds include antibodies, receptors, and aptamers.
- the labeling reagent means a detectable substance to be labeled that can be added to a specific binding component (antibody).
- fluorescent nanoparticles are used. Fluorescent nanoparticles have the advantage of obtaining high emission with a small size.
- quantum dots Because high emission intensity can be obtained by the quantum size confinement effect, and at the same time, different emission wavelengths can be obtained by changing the size with the same composition, and the half width of the emission wavelength is narrow.
- the feature of the present quantum dot which has a great merit that multiple colors can be obtained from the visible light to the infrared region, exhibits the effect of the present invention higher.
- Fluorescent nanoparticles include quantum dots that exhibit a quantum size effect, activator-type fluorescent particles that generate fluorescence by containing an activator, host-excited nanoparticles, and the like.
- the material for the semiconductor nanoparticles according to the present invention various known fluorescent compounds and their raw materials can be used.
- it can be formed using various semiconductor materials conventionally known as semiconductor nanoparticle materials.
- semiconductor materials conventionally known as semiconductor nanoparticle materials.
- Group IV, II-VI, and III-V group semiconductor compounds of the periodic table of elements and raw material compounds containing elements constituting these compounds can be used.
- MgS, MgSe, MgSe, MgTe, CaS, CaSe, CaTe, SrS, SrSe, SrTe, BaS, BaSe, BaTe, ZnS, ZnSe, ZnTe, CdS, CdSe, HgS Mention may be made of HgSe and HgTe.
- GaAs, GaN, GaPGaSb, InGaAs, InP, InN, InSb, InAs, AlAs, AlP, AlSb, and AlS can be exemplified.
- Ge and Si are particularly suitable.
- quantum dots examples include CdSe, CdTe, InP, InN, InAs, CdS, Si, and Ge.
- Si and InP are preferably used from the viewpoints of handling properties and environmental suitability, and the effects of the present invention ( High convenience).
- the quantum dot according to the present invention preferably exhibits a quantum confinement effect and is preferably a core / shell type quantum dot in order to obtain high luminance.
- the core is silicon
- silica can be selected as the shell
- ZnS can be selected as the shell.
- various conventionally known methods can be used, and an optimal manufacturing method is selected depending on the composition to be selected.
- an optimum manufacturing method is selected depending on the composition of the core.
- core shell type silicon quantum dots are preferably used.
- silicon quantum dots When forming silicon quantum dots in the core part, high-frequency sputtering method that can easily control the particle size of silicon quantum dots, and acid treatment and stirring to change the form of silicon quantum dots from film form to particle form It is preferable to employ a manufacturing method including a process step.
- This manufacturing method is characterized in that the form of the silicon quantum dots is changed from a film form to a particle form and dispersed in a solution to emit fluorescence.
- an oxide film silicon may be formed by natural oxidation or annealing oxidation under an appropriate temperature and oxygen concentration condition.
- a preferable core / shell type silicon quantum dot of the present invention is a core / shell type silicon quantum dot composed of a core part containing silicon and a shell layer containing silicon oxide, which increases the emission intensity. Therefore, it is also preferable that at least one of the core part and the shell layer contains a small amount of atoms such as Be, Ga, Mg, and Ge as a dopant.
- the quantum dots according to the present invention have an average particle diameter of 2 to 10 nm and visible light having a wavelength in the range of 400 to 900 nm when excited by ultraviolet to visible light having a wavelength in the range of 200 to 500 nm. It is preferable that it is a quantum dot of the aspect which shows light emission in the infrared region.
- the average particle diameter of the quantum dots should originally be determined in three dimensions, but it is difficult because the particles are too fine, and in reality it must be evaluated with a two-dimensional image. Therefore, a transmission electron microscope (TEM) is used. It is preferable to obtain the average by taking a large number of images by changing the shooting scene of the electron micrograph.
- TEM transmission electron microscope
- the particle size can be adjusted depending on the sputtering conditions. Not only the area ratio between the silicon chip and the silica target material, but also the sputtering conditions such as high-frequency power and gas pressure (pressure during production. Even if the pressure is changed, the particle size can be controlled. At this time, the high frequency power is changed within the range of 10 to 500 W, and the gas pressure is within the range of 1.3 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 2 to 1.3 ⁇ 10 Pa (1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 to 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 1 torr). Change with.
- the labeling target substance fluorescent particles, etc.
- avidin which is a kind of protein, together with biotin.
- the form of the bond is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a covalent bond, an ionic bond, a hydrogen bond, a coordinate bond, physical adsorption, and chemical adsorption.
- a bond having a strong bonding force such as a covalent bond is preferable from the viewpoint of bond stability.
- the organic molecule those having a mercapto group (thiol group), a carboxyl group, an amino group, etc. are preferably used. Specifically, mercaptopropionic acid, mercaptoundecanoic acid, aminopropanethiol, mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane, amino And propyltriethoxysilane.
- a labeled reagent modified with an organic molecule and a reagent also referred to as a molecular labeling substance
- the labeled reagent according to the present invention enables the biological material to be labeled by specifically binding and / or reacting with the target biological material by the reagent (also referred to as a molecular labeling substance).
- the reagent in the labeled reagent in the present invention refers to a substance that can bind to the substance to be detected, for example, the antibody (also referred to as a specific binding component), a receptor, or an aptamer.
- As a labeled reagent it is fixed in advance in a region to be reacted with a sample containing the added substance to be detected.
- reagent examples include nucleotide chains, antibodies, antigens, and cyclodextrins.
- the core / shell type silicon quantum dots are treated with mercaptoundecanoic acid
- avidin and biotin can be used as organic molecules.
- the carboxyl group of the nanoparticle is preferably covalently bonded to avidin
- the avidin further selectively binds to biotin
- biotin further binds to a reagent (also referred to as a molecular labeling substance) to become a labeled reagent.
- a reagent also referred to as a molecular labeling substance
- immunochromatography refers to the presence or absence of an analyte contained in a specimen sample using a membrane on which a specific binding component that specifically binds to the analyte is immobilized. It is a method of checking on time. More specifically, using a membrane provided with a determination unit that solid-phases a specific binding component that specifically binds to a detected substance in a sample, and a labeling reagent that specifically binds to the detected object, A so-called sandwich assay method in which a complex consisting of a specific binding component / detected object / labeling reagent is formed in the determination part on the membrane, and the detected object in the sample is detected by quantum dots that bind to the labeling reagent. It is.
- the reaction between the analyte and the specific binding component and the labeling reagent includes antigen-antibody reaction, other receptor-receptor reaction, biotin-avidin specific binding reaction, and reaction between DNAs having complementary sequences.
- the antigen-antibody reaction is preferable.
- the membrane assay method described above preferably uses two types of membrane immunochromatography methods, that is, a flow-through membrane assay method or a lateral flow membrane assay method because it is simple and rapid.
- the flow-through type membrane assay method allows a solution containing an analyte to pass in a direction perpendicular to a membrane coated with a specific binding component or a detection substance that specifically binds to the analyte.
- a complex of a specific binding component that specifically binds to the detection target, a detection target, and a second labeling reagent that specifically binds to the detection target is formed on the membrane to detect or quantify the label. By doing so, the detected object is detected or quantified.
- the lateral flow membrane assay method differs from the flow-through membrane assay method in that a solution containing the detection target is spread horizontally on the membrane using the same membrane, but the detection principle of the detection target is the same. It is. Of the two methods, the lateral flow membrane assay method is preferred from the viewpoint of simplicity and short measurement time.
- a specific binding substance for capturing an object to be detected is a substance that forms a complex by binding to the object to be detected by a specific reaction such as an antigen-antibody reaction. Therefore, it is natural that the specific binding substance to be used differs depending on the substance to be detected.
- the substance to be detected when the substance to be detected is a bacterium, virus, hormone, or other clinical marker, it reacts specifically to these substances. Polyclonal antibodies and monoclonal antibodies that bind to each other. In addition, when the substance to be detected is an antibody, virus antigens, virus hollow particles, recombinant E. coli expressed protein, recombinant yeast expressed protein, and the like that specifically react with and bind to them.
- the support to which the specific binding substance is bound is prepared, for example, by adsorbing a solution obtained by diluting the specific binding substance in a buffer or the like to the support and then drying it.
- detected substances in the present invention include pathogenic microorganisms such as influenza virus antigens, antibodies against pathogenic microorganisms, peptide hormones, steroids, bioactive amines, vitamins, prostaglandins, antibiotics such as tetracycline, bacteria, and the like.
- pathogenic microorganisms such as influenza virus antigens, antibodies against pathogenic microorganisms, peptide hormones, steroids, bioactive amines, vitamins, prostaglandins, antibiotics such as tetracycline, bacteria, and the like.
- examples include nucleotides complementary to nucleic acid components derived from toxins to be produced, various tumor markers, agricultural chemicals, and pathogenic microorganisms.
- pathogens that have a pandemic and need to be identified in a very short time, such as influenza virus and RS (Respiratory Synchronization) virus.
- the assay method of the present invention is particularly effective for an object that is prone to false positives.
- Samples to be analyzed by the assay method of the present invention include pharyngeal or nasal wipes, nasal aspirate, stool suspension, plasma, serum, urine, saliva, amniotic fluid, spinal fluid, pus, organ extracts, various tissue extracts
- a biological sample such as liquid, food extract, culture supernatant, clean water, sewage, lake water, river water, seawater, soil extract, and sludge extract can be used, but are not limited thereto.
- the pharyngeal or nasal wipe, nasal aspirate, nasal wash and stool suspension contain a large amount of high-viscosity biological components as described above, and false positives are likely to occur. It is effective in the evaluation of these specimens.
- it is more effective in assays of pharyngeal or nasal wipes, nasal aspirates, or nasal lavage fluids.
- Example 1 Production of monoclonal antibodies Purified IL-1a, IL-1b, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12q70, GM-CSF, IFN ⁇ , Spleens were removed from BALB / c mice that were each immunized with TNF ⁇ antigen and maintained for a certain period, and mouse myeloma cells were obtained by the method of Keller et al. (Kohler, et. Al., Nature, vol. 256, p495-497 (1975)). Fused with (p3X63).
- the obtained fused cells (hybridoma) were maintained in a 37 ° C. incubator to purify the cells (monocloning).
- the obtained two cell lines were each intraperitoneally administered to pristane-treated BALB / c mice, and about 2 weeks later, antibody-containing ascites was collected.
- IgG was purified from the obtained ascites by affinity purification using Protein A column chromatography (manufactured by GE) to obtain two types of purified antibodies against each antigen.
- (2) Production of Quantum Dots (Core / Shell Type Silicon Quantum Dots)
- the core / shell type silicon quantum dots of the present invention are core / shell type silicon quantum dots produced by a high frequency sputtering method, and the following production steps are performed. It is manufactured after.
- the high-frequency sputtering apparatus is a vacuum chamber having an argon gas introduction port and an exhaust port at the bottom of the side surface, a substrate holder that is attached to the upper surface of the vacuum chamber via an insulating material, cooled by cooling water introduced and discharged from the cooling pipe, And it is comprised from the high frequency electrode provided with the cathode shield attached to the lower surface of a vacuum chamber via the insulating material, and cooled with the cooling water introduce
- argon gas is introduced into the vacuum chamber from the argon gas inlet, the argon gas is ionized by a high frequency controller, and the ionized argon ions are converted into a silicon chip and quartz glass which are target materials on the high frequency electrode. And depositing atoms and molecules emitted from the target material on the substrate held by the substrate holder to form an amorphous silicon oxide thin film.
- the particle size was controlled by changing the area ratio between the silicon chip and the quartz glass constituting the target material, and the area ratio was changed for each particle so that the quantum dot size shown in Table 1 was obtained.
- This area ratio is usually 1 to 50%, and is preferably set to 5 to 30% from the viewpoint of production efficiency and particle size distribution.
- Step (2) The amorphous silicon oxide thin film is heat-treated in an inert gas (argon gas) atmosphere to form silicon quantum dots (core part) having a predetermined particle size in the amorphous silicon oxide thin film.
- the heat treatment temperature was in the range of 1000 to 1100 ° C., and was adjusted according to the target particle size.
- the heat treatment time was in the range of 50 to 70 minutes, and was changed depending on the particle size.
- Step (3) The amorphous silicon oxide thin film after the heat treatment is treated with hydrofluoric acid to expose the silicon quantum dots.
- a substrate on which a silicon oxide thin film on which silicon quantum dots are formed is attached to an acrylic plate, and the silicon oxide thin film is mounted on a container containing a hydrofluoric acid aqueous solution.
- the concentration of the hydrofluoric acid aqueous solution was adjusted according to the state of the silicon oxide film obtained at 20 to 30%.
- the container containing the hydrofluoric acid aqueous solution is installed in a constant temperature water tank equipped with a heater and containing pure water to perform the hydrofluoric acid aqueous solution treatment.
- the treatment temperature was 40 ° C.
- the treatment time was in the range of 8 to 15 minutes.
- hydrofluoric acid evaporated from the acid aqueous solution in the container adheres to the surface of the thin film, and the silicon oxide portion in the silicon oxide thin film is gradually etched from the surface. As a result, a large number of silicon quantum dots are exposed in an aggregated state on the substrate.
- Step (4) The substrate with the silicon quantum dots exposed is immersed in a solvent, whereby the silicon quantum dots are separated from the substrate to obtain a solution in which the silicon quantum dots are dispersed.
- the substrate on which the silicon quantum dots are aggregated and exposed is immersed in a container containing ethanol. Put a magnetic stir bar in the container and stir with a stirrer or place the entire container on an ultrasonic cleaner to irradiate ultrasonic waves.
- the treatment time for the stirring treatment was in the range of 60 to 600 seconds.
- Step (5) The surface of the silicon quantum dots is naturally oxidized in an oxygen atmosphere or thermally oxidized by heating to form a shell layer made of silicon oxide around the core made of silicon quantum dots, and core / shell type silicon Get quantum dots.
- silicon quantum dots dispersed in ethanol are naturally oxidized or thermally oxidized in an oxygen atmosphere.
- a shell layer made of silicon oxide is formed around a core made of silicon quantum dots.
- the treatment temperature was 25 to 35 ° C.
- the optimum processing time was selected in the range of 8 to 14 hours.
- Step (6) The core shell type silicon quantum dots are reacted in hydrogen peroxide water to hydroxylate the crystal surface. By the hydroxylation, the reaction with the silane coupling agent or the like can easily proceed.
- the treatment temperature was adjusted to 25 to 35 ° C. when the above-described silicon quantum dots were reacted with hydrogen peroxide water to hydroxylate the crystal surface.
- the optimum processing time was selected in the range of 10 to 30 minutes.
- the concentration of the hydrogen peroxide solution was selected in the range of 20 to 35%.
- the hydroxylated core shell type silicon quantum dots are washed with hot water. Specifically, when washing, the washing time was 30 to 240 seconds, and the treatment temperature was 75 to 80 ° C.
- the obtained quantum dots were determined according to the following method.
- the average particle diameter of the quantum dots is obtained by taking an electron micrograph using a TEM, measuring the cross-sectional area of a sufficient number of particles, and determining the diameter when the measured value is the area of the corresponding circle as the particle diameter.
- the arithmetic average was taken as the average particle size.
- the number of cluster particles photographed with a TEM is preferably 100 or more, and more preferably 1000 particles. In the present application, the arithmetic average of 1000 particles is defined as the average particle size.
- the obtained particle sizes are shown in Table 1.
- the core / shell type silicon quantum dot which is the labeling reagent of the present invention is labeled with a labeled reagent (bonding agent (molecular labeling substance) and an organic molecule through an organic molecule through the following steps.
- a labeled reagent bonding agent (molecular labeling substance)
- an organic molecule through an organic molecule through the following steps.
- Biological substance labeling agent molecular labeling substance
- Step (8) Bonding hydroxyl groups and organic molecules of the core-shell silicon quantum dots washed with hot water.
- aminopropyltriethoxysilane and the quantum dots in Table 1 are stirred in ethanol at room temperature to cause a silane coupling reaction and introduce amino groups on the surface.
- the obtained reaction product, N-hydroxysuccinimide and maleimide are mixed with polyethylene glycol having a molecular weight of 1000 as a functional group at both ends at room temperature and stirred for one day and night, and reacted to form polyethylene glycol having a maleimide group at the end as an organic molecule.
- core / shell type silicon quantum dots (labeling reagent) bonded to each other are obtained.
- (3) Production of quantum dot-labeled antibody Silicon quantum dots reacted with organic molecules are combined with a molecular labeling substance such as an antibody to obtain a labeled reagent.
- a core / shell type silicon quantum dot in which polyethylene glycol having a maleimide group at the end is bound as an organic molecule is selected according to the following method by selecting different antibody species for each quantum dot particle size as shown in Table 1.
- core shell type silicon quantum dots (labeled reagent) into which an antibody was introduced at the terminal were obtained.
- a nitrocellulose membrane (Millipore) sheet (white) having a width of 3 cm ⁇ 10 cm was used as the membrane.
- the anti-IL-1a antibody for fixation was placed at a position away from one end on the long axis side (this end is the upstream end and the opposite side is the downstream end).
- Dot Co. was applied in the form of dots, and from there, in the vertical direction, the anti-IL-1b antibody for fixing, the anti-IL-2 antibody for fixing, the anti-IL-4 antibody for fixing, and the reaction termination below it
- the indicated control antibody was applied in the same manner as IL-1a.
- an anti-IL-6 antibody for immobilization is applied to the right side of the aforementioned IL-1a antibody for immobilization, and the anti-IL-7 antibody for immobilization, the anti-IL-8 antibody for immobilization, and the anti-IL-10 antibody for immobilization are vertically applied
- a control antibody was applied below the control antibody.
- IL-12q70 for immobilization was applied to the right side of the aforementioned immobilized IL-6 antibody, and anti-GM-CSF antibody for immobilization, anti-IFN ⁇ antibody for immobilization, and anti-TNF ⁇ antibody for immobilization were similarly applied in the vertical direction therefrom.
- a control antibody was applied below the control antibody. After application, 45 ° warm air was blown for 10 minutes to dry. Next, in order to fix the member and increase the strength, a plastic backing sheet (manufactured by BioDot) is bonded to the opposite side (this surface is the lower surface) of the antibody application surface (this surface is the upper surface) of the membrane. did.
- the quantum dot-labeled antibody pad prepared above was cut, placed on the upper surface of the membrane so that the upstream end of the membrane overlapped 2 mm, and pasted to obtain a sample dropping pad.
- cellulose filter paper manufactured by Whatman Co., Ltd. having a width of 30 mm and a length of 10 cm was attached to the upper surface of the membrane so as to overlap with the downstream end of the membrane by 5 mm to obtain a sample absorption pad.
- the immunochromatographic medium shown in FIG. 1 was produced.
- a BOX type fluorescence detection apparatus capable of shielding external light, comprising an excitation light source capable of automatic scanning, a fluorescence detector capable of detecting an excitation emission wavelength and fluorescence intensity capable of detecting spots emitted by the excitation light by automatic scanning. Detection was performed using.
- the wavelength of the excitation light source was 280 nm. Evaluation was expressed as relative intensity when the same area spot emission intensity was set to 100 when AlexaFluor 430 (manufactured by Invitrogen) was used instead of quantum dots.
- the detectability by automatic detection was evaluated as “ ⁇ ” when the spot signal could be clearly detected by the fluorescence detection unit, “ ⁇ ” when detection was not clear due to detection unit noise, and “ ⁇ ” when detection was impossible. The results are shown in Table 1.
- * 1 Expressed as relative intensity when the same area spot emission intensity is 100 when AlexaFlor 430 is used instead of quantum dots.
- * 2 The detectability by automatic detection is indicated as “ ⁇ ” when the spot signal can be clearly detected by the fluorescence detection part, “ ⁇ ” when the detection is not clear due to noise in the detection part, and “X” when detection is impossible.
- cytokine detection using the immunochromatographic medium of the present invention was able to detect 12 types of cytokines at once, and all were detected with clear spots, and were clear without confusion. From this result, it can be seen that the configuration of the present invention provides a high-quality diagnostic method by adding a large function capable of discriminating various samples at once to the in-vitro diagnosis of the immunochromatography method characteristic of the conventional simplicity.
- Example 1 (1) Preparation of monoclonal antibody The antibody prepared in Example 1 was used. (2) Preparation of Latex Particle Labeled Antibody One type of each antibody was dialyzed with 50 mM MES (2-Morpholeoethanesulfidic acid, monohydrate; manufactured by Dojindo) buffer solution (pH 6.0), and colored polystyrene latex particles (Magshere) Manufactured by Bangs Laboratories) were mixed in the combinations shown in Table 2 and reacted.
- MES 2-Morpholeoethanesulfidic acid, monohydrate; manufactured by Dojindo
- EDAC N- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) -N′-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride; manufactured by Sigma
- EDAC N- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) -N′-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride; manufactured by Sigma
- a final suspension 5 mM Tris, 0.04 (w / v)% BSA (bovine serum albumin)
- an ultrasonic dispersion device manufactured by Olympus
- the discrimination by the fluorescence detector was ambiguous for 4 to 8, 2 to 6, and 7 to 11 in the same row.
- a colored latex was used, and even when attempting detection in the spot form as in the present invention, the emission was not clear and it was found that it was not suitable for multi-species detection.
- a nitrocellulose membrane (Millipore) sheet (white) having a width of 3 cm ⁇ 10 cm was used as the membrane.
- a positive pressure spray device BioJet; Bio Dot
- BioJet Bio Dot
- Six antibodies and finally a control antibody indicating completion of the reaction were applied in the same manner as the anti-IL-1a antibody.
- the anti-IL-1a antibody for immobilization anti-IL-7 antibody for immobilization, anti-IL-8 antibody for immobilization, anti-IL-10 antibody for immobilization, anti-IL-12q70 antibody for immobilization, control antibody
- an anti-IL-1a antibody for immobilization, an anti-GM-CSF antibody for immobilization, an anti-IFN ⁇ antibody for immobilization, and an anti-TNF ⁇ antibody for immobilization were similarly applied to the third membrane. After application, 45 ° warm air was blown for 10 minutes to dry. Next, in order to fix the member and increase the strength, a plastic backing sheet (manufactured by BioDot) is bonded to the opposite side (this surface is the lower surface) of the antibody application surface (this surface is the upper surface) of the membrane. did.
- the quantum dot-labeled antibody pad prepared in 4 of Example 1 was cut and placed on the upper surface of the membrane so that the upstream end of the membrane overlapped by 2 mm to be a sample dropping pad.
- cellulose filter paper manufactured by Whatman Co., Ltd. having a width of 30 mm and a length of 10 cm was attached to the upper surface of the membrane so as to overlap with the downstream end of the membrane by 5 mm to obtain a sample absorption pad.
- Example 1 As the effect of the present invention can be understood by comparing Example 1 with Comparative Examples 1 and 2, the configuration of the present invention has a great advantage that various types of clear detection can be easily performed at a time.
- detection advantage of the present invention quantitative detection at each spot is possible, and it can be expected to bring about great progress in diagnosis by immunochromatography.
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Abstract
Description
[標識化試薬]
標識化試薬は、特異的結合構成物(抗体)に付加されることが可能な検出可能な標識目的の物質を意味し、本発明においては、蛍光ナノ粒子が用いられる。蛍光ナノ粒子は、小サイズで高い発光を得られるメリットがある。好ましくは量子ドットを用いたほうがよく、量子サイズ閉じ込め効果により高い発光強度が得られると同時に、同一組成でサイズ変更により異なる発光波長を得られる特性を有し、しかも発光波長の半値幅が狭いため可視光~赤外領域まで多色が得られる大きなメリットを有する、本量子ドットの特徴は本発明の効果をより高く発揮させる。
[標識付き試薬]
本発明に係る標識付き試薬は、有機分子修飾された標識化試薬と、試薬(分子標識物質ともいう)とが有機分子により結合されている。本発明に係る標識付き試薬は試薬(分子標識物質ともいう)が目的とする生体物質と特異的に結合及び/又は反応することにより、生体物質の標識が可能となる。本発明における標識付き試薬中の試薬は、被検出物質と結合可能な物質、例えば前記抗体(特異的結合構成物ともいう)、レセプター、アプタマーを指し、標識化試薬により標識をした物質を、本標識付き試薬として、添加した被検出物質を含む試料と反応させる領域に予め固定しておくものである。
〈メンブレンアッセイ法測定原理〉
本発明の測定原理について簡単に述べる。本発明において“イムノクロマトグラフ法”とは、被検出物に特異的に結合する特異的結合構成物が固相化されたメンブレンを用いて検体試料中に含まれる被検出物の存在の有無を短時間に検査する方法である。より詳細には、検体中の被検出物に特異的に結合する特異的結合構成物を固相化した判定部を設けたメンブレンと、被検出物に特異的に結合する標識試薬を用いて、メンブレン上の判定部に、特異的結合構成物/被検出物/標識試薬からなる複合体を形成させて、標識試薬に結合する量子ドットにより検体中の被検出物を検出する、いわゆるサンドイッチアッセイ法である。
<被検出物に特異的に結合する特異的結合構成物>
被検出物を捕捉するための特異的結合物質は、被検出物と、抗原抗体反応のような特異的反応により結合して、複合体を形成する物質である。従って、被検出物により使用する特異的結合物質が異なることは当然であるが、一般には被検出物が細菌、ウイルス、ホルモン、その他臨床マーカー等の場合には、これらに対し特異的に反応して結合するポリクローナル抗体、モノクローナル抗体等が挙げられる。そのほか、被検出物質が抗体の場合には、これらに対して特異的に反応して結合するウイルス抗原、ウイルス中空粒子、遺伝子組換え大腸菌発現タンパク質、遺伝子組換え酵母発現タンパク質等が挙げられる。
<被検出物>
本発明でいう被検出物にはインフルエンザウイルス抗原等の病原微生物や病原微生物に対する抗体、ペプチドホルモン、ステロイド、生理活性アミン類、ビタミン類、プロスタングランジン類、テトラサイクリン等の抗生物質、細菌等が産生する毒素、各種腫瘍マーカー、農薬、及び病原微生物に由来する核酸成分に相補的なヌクレオチド等を挙げることができる。特にインフルエンザウイルスやRS(Respiratory Syncytial)ウイルス等の様に、大流行し、ごく短時間に特定する必要がある病原体の診断に、極めて有用である。
[実施例1]
(1)モノクローナル抗体の作製
精製IL-1a、IL-1b、IL-2、IL-4、IL-6、IL-7、IL-8、IL-10、IL-12q70、GM-CSF、IFNγ、TNFα抗原を各々免疫し、一定期間維持したBALB/cマウスから脾臓を摘出し、ケラー等の方法(Kohler、et.al.,Nature,vol.256,p495-497(1975))よりマウスミエローマ細胞(p3X63)と融合した。得られた融合細胞(ハイブリドーマ)を、37℃インキュベーター中で維持し、細胞の純化(単クローン化)を行った。得られた該細胞2株を各々プリスタン処理したBALB/cマウスに腹腔投与し、約2週間後、抗体含有腹水を採取した。得られた腹水をProteinAカラムクロマトグラフィー(GE製)を用いたアフィニティ精製によってIgGを精製し、各々の抗原に対する精製抗体を2種類ずつ得た。
(2)量子ドット(コア/シェル型シリコン量子ドット)の作製
本発明のコア/シェル型シリコン量子ドットは、高周波スパッタリング法により製造されたコア/シェル型シリコン量子ドットであって、下記製造工程を経て製造される。
(3)量子ドット標識化抗体の作製
有機分子と反応させたシリコン量子ドットを抗体などの分子標識物質と結合させ、標識付き試薬を得る。
前記で作製した量子ドット標識抗体を陽圧噴霧装置(BioJet;Bio Dot社製)を用いて、幅15mmのセルロース不織布全面に噴霧した。噴霧後、50℃の温風を1分間吹き付けて乾燥させ、量子ドット標識抗体パッドを作製した。
(4)メンブレン固定用抗体の作製
前記(1)で作製した精製抗体のうち標識化に用いなかった方を、固定液(10mM Tris-HCl(pH7.5))に透析し、透析後に0.02μmろ過を行い、固定液で希釈して固定用抗体を調整した。
(5)ヒトサイトカイン検出用イムノクロマト媒体の作製
ヒトサイトカイン検出用イムノクロマトアッセイ媒体は、図1に示すものと同様の構成のものを用いた。
(6)クロマト反応混合試料液の調製
ヒトサイトカインを500pg/mlになるようにPBST バッファー水溶液に混合してクロマト反応用試料液とした。
(7)ヒトサイトカインの検出
上記(5)で作成したイムノクロマトアッセイ媒体の検体滴下部に上記(6)のクロマト反応液を滴下し、クロマト展開した。10分後に検出部におけるシグナルを検出した。図2に示すように自動走査できる励起光光源と励起光よって発光したスポットを自動走査で検出できる励起発光波長と蛍光強度を検出できる蛍光検出器を備える、外光を遮蔽できるBOX型蛍光検出装置を使い検出を行った。励起光源の波長は280nmとした。評価はAlexaFlour430(インビトロジェン社製)を量子ドットの代わりに用いたときの同一面積スポット発光強度を100としたときの相対強度で表した。自動検出による検出性はスポットシグナルが蛍光検出部で明確に検出できたときに○とし、検出部ノイズで紛れて検出が明確でないときを△、検出不能を×とした。結果を表1に示す。
*2:自動検出による検出性はスポットシグナルが蛍光検出部で明確に検出できたときに○とし、検出部ノイズで紛れて検出が明確でないときを△、検出不能を×とした。
(1)モノクローナル抗体の作製
実施例1で作製したものを使用した。
(2)ラテックス粒子標識抗体の作製
各抗体のうち1種類を50mM MES(2-Morpholinoethanesulfonic acid,monohydrate;同仁化学社製)緩衝液(pH6.0)溶液で透析後、着色ポリスチレンラテックス粒子(Magshere社製、Bangs Labora tories社製)を表2に示す組み合わせで混合し、反応させた。次に、EDAC(N-(3-ジメチルアミノプロピル)-N’-エチルカルボジイミド塩酸塩;Sigma社製)を最終濃度0.1%になるよう添加した後、2時間反応させた。洗浄後、最終浮遊液(5mM Tris,0.04(w/v)% BSA(ウシ血清アルブミン))中に浮遊させ、超音波分散装置(オリンパス社製)にかけ、ラテックス粒子を分散させた。
(3)ラテックス粒子標識抗体パッドの作製
実施例1と同様に作製した。
(4)メンブレン固定用抗体の調整
実施例1と同じものを用いた。
(5)ヒトサイトカイン検出用イムノクロマトアッセイ媒体の作製
実施例1と同様に作製した。抗体の配置は実施例1と同様にして抗体を配置した。
(6)ヒトサイトカインの検出
イムノクロマトスポットの色を目視観察すると同時に蛍光検出器においてもその発色を検出した。その結果を表2に示した。
モノクローナル抗体の作製、量子ドットの作製、量子ドット標識化抗体の作製、量子ドット標識化抗体パッドの作製は、実施例1と同様に作製した。またメンブレン固定用抗体の調整においても実施例1と同様に行った。
(1)ヒトサイトカイン検出用イムノクロマトアッセイ媒体の作製
ヒトサイトカイン検出用イムノクロマトアッセイ媒体は、図1に示すものと同様の構成のものを用いた。
(2)ヒトサイトカインの検出
実施例1と同様に行い、目視観察と蛍光検出器により、12種評価した。結果を表3に示す。なお、コントロール抗体IL-1a(番号6,11)の目視観察の結果も示した。
b メンブレン
c バッキングシート
d サンプル吸収パッド
e ラミネート
f ドット状検出部位
g 蛍光検出器
h 光源
i コントロール抗体塗布部
j IL-4抗体塗布部
k IL-1b抗体塗布部
l IL-6抗体塗布部
m IL-2抗体塗布部
n IL-1a抗体塗布部
Claims (5)
- 支持体上に、標識化試薬に固定化させた標識付き試薬と、試料中の検出すべき被検出物質と結合可能な物質を固定化した検出部位とを持つイムノクロマト媒体において、該標識化試薬が、蛍光ナノ粒子であり、該検出部位がドット状であることを特徴とするイムノクロマト媒体。
- 前記ドット状の検出部位におけるドット数が、3以上30以下であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のイムノクロマト媒体。
- 請求項1または2に記載のイムノクロマト媒体を用いるイムノクロマトグラフ法であって、試料中の検出すべき被検出物質と結合可能な、標識化試薬に固定化させた標識付き試薬と、被検出物質とを反応させたクロマト反応液を、前記イムノクロマト媒体上を移動させ、被検出物質と結合可能な物質を固定化した検出部位で捕捉して被検出物質を検出することを特徴とするイムノクロマトグラフ法。
- 前記標識化試薬が、量子ドットであることを特徴とする請求項3に記載のイムノクロマトグラフ法。
- 被検出物質を3項目以上15項目以下同時に検出できることを特徴とする請求項3又は4に記載のイムノクロマトグラフ法。
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US20110244597A1 (en) | 2011-10-06 |
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