WO2010058817A1 - 蒸散材 - Google Patents
蒸散材 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010058817A1 WO2010058817A1 PCT/JP2009/069634 JP2009069634W WO2010058817A1 WO 2010058817 A1 WO2010058817 A1 WO 2010058817A1 JP 2009069634 W JP2009069634 W JP 2009069634W WO 2010058817 A1 WO2010058817 A1 WO 2010058817A1
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- transpiration
- component
- warp
- knitted fabric
- yarns
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N53/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing cyclopropane carboxylic acids or derivatives thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/34—Shaped forms, e.g. sheets, not provided for in any other sub-group of this main group
Definitions
- the present invention is, for example, a transpiration material that evaporates a transpiration component such as a pest control agent (insecticide, repellent, etc.), a fragrance, a deodorant / deodorant, a bactericidal / antifungal agent, etc. at room temperature, thereby exhibiting an effect.
- a transpiration component such as a pest control agent (insecticide, repellent, etc.), a fragrance, a deodorant / deodorant, a bactericidal / antifungal agent, etc.
- a transpiration material that continuously evaporates the drug in the space by impregnating a liquid-absorbing carrier with a room temperature transpiration drug such as a pest control agent and hanging or placing it indoors or outdoors.
- a room temperature transpiration drug such as a pest control agent
- a transpiration material as the liquid-absorbent carrier, a material processed into a plate shape or a sheet shape by, for example, solidifying pulp or natural fiber with a binder is used because it can be easily discarded. It was.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a transpiration material capable of increasing the amount of transpiration component retained and capable of continuously expressing the effect of transpiration component transpiration over a long period of time without reducing its effectiveness.
- the present inventors have intensively studied to solve the above problems.
- a carrier for holding the transpiration component using a knitted fabric formed of yarns composed of a plurality of liquid-absorbing filaments, by imparting crimps to at least a part of the yarn forming the knitted fabric, It has been found that the amount of transpiration component can be remarkably improved even with the same area and the same basis weight, and the present invention has been completed.
- the transpiration material of the present invention is a transpiration material provided with a transpiration component holding body in which a transpiration component is held in a knitted fabric formed of yarns composed of a plurality of liquid-absorbing filaments, and forms the knitted fabric.
- the crimp is imparted to at least a part of the yarn to be processed.
- the knitted fabric is preferably formed by lace knitting, and the ratio of the total area of the openings in the total area of the knitted fabric is preferably 10 to 80%.
- the crimp is preferably applied at a crimp rate of 3 to 50%.
- the transpiration component is preferably a pest control agent having a vapor pressure of 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 Pa / 25 ° C. or higher. It is preferable that the transpiration material of the present invention further includes a frame body that holds the transpiration component holder, and a storage body that has air permeability and detachably stores the frame body.
- the amount of transpiration component retained can be increased, and the effect of transpiration component transpiration can be continuously exhibited over a long period of time without reducing its efficacy.
- the amount of the transpiration component (drug) that can be held per unit area can be increased to 1.5 to 3 times the conventional amount, and the unit time of the transpiration component (drug) can be increased. If the amount of transpiration is the same, the effective period can be extended to 1.5 to 3 times.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view when the transpiration material shown in FIG. 3 is cut in the thickness direction (when cut along line xx in FIG. 3). It is a top view of the transpiration
- the transpiration material of the present invention includes a transpiration component holding body in which a transpiration component is retained in a knitted fabric.
- the knitted fabric means a knitted fabric or a woven fabric, and is a concept including, for example, a fabric shape having a relatively small opening to a net shape having a relatively large opening.
- the woven fabric is formed by crossing warps and wefts in directions perpendicular to each other.
- the knitted fabric is formed, for example, by intertwining yarns with each other by continuously forming one or several yarns to form a loop and then hooking the next yarn into the loop to form a new loop. And those formed by lace knitting or knit knitting.
- the yarn (warp and weft) forming the knitted fabric is composed of a plurality of liquid-absorbing filaments. That is, the yarn forming the knitted fabric may be a so-called multifilament in which a plurality of monofilaments having liquid absorbency are bundled, or monofilament having liquid absorbency or two or more of the multifilaments are knitted. One yarn bundle may be obtained by twisting or twisting.
- the diameter of the liquid-absorbing filament (monofilament) forming the knitted fabric is not particularly limited, but is usually 20 to 500 dtex, preferably 50 to 300 dtex. If the diameter of the liquid-absorbing filament (monofilament) is too small, the amount of transpiration component (medicine) retained may be reduced. On the other hand, if it is too large, the opening of the knitted fabric will be small and the retained transpiration component will be reduced. Transpiration may be reduced.
- crimps are imparted to at least a part of the yarns (warp yarns, weft yarns) forming the knitted fabric.
- the crimps only need to be applied to at least a part of the yarn used for forming the knitted fabric. For example, in a woven fabric in which warp and weft are interlaced, one of the warp and the weft is crimped. Alternatively, in the form of lace knitting described later, some of the plurality of warps may be crimped.
- crimps may be imparted to some of the liquid-absorbing filaments (monofilament or multifilament) constituting the yarn used for forming the knitted fabric (that is, A knitted fabric may be formed using a yarn including one or more liquid-absorbing filaments to which shrinkage is imparted).
- a knitted fabric may be formed using a yarn including one or more liquid-absorbing filaments to which shrinkage is imparted.
- all the liquid-absorbing filaments constituting the knitted fabric, and thus all the yarns forming the knitted fabric are crimped.
- the crimp may be imparted by any method, for example, a tempering-thermosetting-disentanglement method, a tentative twist method, an indentation method, a scraping method, a bandage method, a composite crimp method, air So-called textured processing such as an injection method can be appropriately employed.
- the crimp rate is usually preferably 3 to 50%. If the crimping rate is smaller than the above range, the effect of improving the amount of transpiration component may not be sufficiently obtained. On the other hand, if the crimping rate is larger than the above range, weaving / knitting may be difficult.
- Examples of the material of the liquid-absorbing filament constituting the yarn forming the knitted fabric include natural fibers such as pulp, cotton, wool, hemp and silk, polypropylene, polyethylene, polyamide, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, and polysulfone. , Rayon, methacrylic acid resin, and other biodegradable resins (polyglycolic acid, polylactic acid, poly ( ⁇ -hydroxybutyric acid), etc.). Among these, polyethylene terephthalate, polypropylene, polybutylene terephthalate, and polyethylene are preferable for imparting crimp.
- the liquid-absorbing filament may be only one type or two or more types.
- the liquid-absorbing filament may contain conventionally known additives such as antifungal agents, dyes, resins, and ultraviolet absorbers.
- the knitted fabric is preferably formed by lace knitting.
- Lace knitting is a knitting method in which a plurality of warps are entangled with other warps.
- it is entangled with the warp at which position (for example, it is entangled with adjacent warps, one or more warps are interlaced, or one of the left and right directions)
- There is a form of entanglement by flying In such a form, since two or more yarns overlap in the weft direction (arrow X direction), the weight of the yarn (liquid absorbing filament) per unit area (ie, the basis weight) increases, and the transpiration component The holding amount can be further increased.
- each warp is entangled with one warp in between.
- the form shown in FIG. 1 is changed so that each warp is entangled with two warps in between (so that warp A in FIG. 1 is entangled with warp D), the weft direction (in each adjacent row) In the middle), the three yarns overlap.
- n is an integer of 1 or more. Since the amount of transpiration component increases as the number of yarns overlapping in the weft direction increases, in the present invention, the lace knitting form having a larger value of n is preferable. However, if the number of yarns that overlap in the weft direction (that is, the value of (n + 1)) becomes too large, the mesh opening becomes small, and the transpiration of the transpiration component held in the yarn (liquid absorbing filament) may be reduced. Therefore, the value of n is preferably set so that the aperture ratio is in the range described later, and is usually 5 or less.
- two types of warp yarns are successively arranged in the warp direction (arrow Y direction) (for example, warp C and warp A are continuous in row c, and warp is in row d. D and warp B are connected), and there is one yarn, but the presence of two or more yarns overlapping in the warp direction is the weight of the yarn (liquid absorbing filament) per unit area. It is advantageous to increase the retention amount of the transpiration component.
- two or more yarns may be used as the warp yarns used in one row. For example, as shown in FIG.
- At least one yarn may be entangled with another warp yarn and at least one yarn may be run in the warp direction.
- the number of warp yarns arranged in the warp direction can be increased by treating two or more yarns as one warp yarn in FIG.
- the form of lace knitting shown in FIG. 2 is a form in which the warps A to D are respectively changed to two warps (A1 and A2, B1 and B2, C1 and C2, D1 and D2) in the form shown in FIG. . That is, in FIG. 2, among the warps in each of the rows a to d, the warp A1 is entangled with the warp C1, the warp B1 is entangled with the warp D1, and two yarns overlap between the rows bc and cd. (In FIG. 2, illustration of the warp on the left side of row a and the warp on the right side of row d is omitted).
- the warp A2, the warp B2, the warp C2, and the warp D2 run in the warp direction (arrow Y direction) along the row a, the row b, the row c, and the row d, respectively.
- two yarns are continuously overlapped in row c and row d. That is, in the form of lace knitting shown in FIG. 2, two warps are arranged in both the warp direction (arrow Y direction) and the weft direction (arrow X direction).
- the number of warp yarns arranged in the warp direction and the number of warp yarns arranged in the weft direction are the number of yarns used in each row, of which the number of warp yarns running in the warp direction and the warp yarns entangled with another warp yarn
- the ratio to the number of yarns, and the position of another warp to be entangled it can be set as appropriate. It is preferable that the number of yarns arranged in the warp direction and the weft direction is larger as the amount of the transpiration component can be increased and the transpiration effect of the transpiration component can be continued for a long period of time. Then, the opening becomes small, and the transpiration of the transpiration component held in the yarn (liquid absorbing filament) may be reduced. Accordingly, the number of yarns arranged in the warp direction and the weft direction is usually preferably about 1 to 5, respectively.
- the ratio of the opening of the knitted fabric is usually preferably 10 to 80%, more preferably 25 to 45% of the total area of the opening portion in the total area of the knitted fabric. preferable. If the opening ratio is too small, the transpiration of the transpiration component held in the yarn (liquid-absorbing filament) may be reduced. On the other hand, if the opening ratio is too large, the thread per unit area (absorption The weight (namely, basis weight) of the liquid filaments is reduced, and the amount of the transpiration component tends to decrease.
- the width of the yarn arranged in the machine direction and the warp direction is preferably 0.1 to 1 mm, more preferably 0.3 to 0.6 mm. If the width of the yarn is smaller than the above range, the amount of the transpiration component (drug) may be reduced. On the other hand, if it is larger than the above range, the opening may be small.
- the amount of transpiration component (medicine) retained may be reduced. Is usually 50 to 500 g / m 2 , preferably 50 to 250 g / m 2 . If the thickness of the knitted fabric is too small, the amount of transpiration component (medicine) retained may be reduced. Conversely, if it is too large, the transpiration property may be reduced.
- the thickness may be 2 mm, preferably 0.3 to 1 mm, more preferably 0.5 to 1 mm.
- the transpiration components to be held in the knitted fabric are from various kinds of chemicals such as various pest control agents (insecticides, repellents, etc.), fragrances, deodorizing / deodorizing agents, and bactericidal / antifungal agents that can evaporate at room temperature. And may be appropriately selected according to the purpose. Only one type of transpiration component may be used, or two or more types may be used.
- pest control agents examples include various insecticides such as organic phosphorus, carbamate, and pyrethroids, repellents, insect growth regulators, and the like.
- pest control agents include, for example, organophosphorus insecticides, ⁇ DDVP, ⁇ Diazinon ⁇ Sumithion etc. are listed as carbamate insecticides.
- pest control agents include amidoflumet, methoxadiazone, plant essential oil, terpene, and isomers and derivatives thereof.
- a pest control agent having a relatively high vapor pressure is preferably used as the transpiration component.
- a pest control agent having a vapor pressure of 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 Pa / 25 ° C. or more is preferably used.
- transfluthrin, metfurthrin, profluthrin, and empentrin are preferable.
- fragrance examples include, for example, savory scent, dragon scented fragrance, abies oil, almond oil, paging oil, perch oil, kayabuchi oil, citronella oil, eucalyptus oil, fennel oil, garlic oil, ginger oil, grapefruit oil, lemon oil.
- Essential oils such as lemongrass oil, nutmeg oil, peppermint oil, orange oil, turpentine oil, sage oil, pinene, limonene, linalool, geraniol, citronellal, borneol, benzyl alcohol, anise alcohol, anethole, eugenol, aldehyde, citral, Citronellal, crocodile, carvone, ketone, menthone, menthol, acetophenone, coumarin, cineol, ethyl acetate, octyl acetate, butyl propionate, isopropyl isobutyrate, allyl caproate, ethyl benzoate , Methyl cinnamic acid, and perfumes such as methyl salicylate.
- Examples of the deodorant / deodorant include lauryl methacrylate, geranyl chlorinate, acetophenone myristate, paramethylacetophenone benzaldehyde, benzyl acetate, benzyl propionate, amylcinnamic aldehyde, anisic aldehyde, diphenyl oxide, methyl benzoate, Examples thereof include ethyl benzoate, methyl phenylacetate, ethyl phenylacetate, neoline, safrole, citronella oil, lemongrass oil and the like.
- bactericidal / antifungal agent examples include hinokitiol, phenoxyethanol, isopropylmethylphenol, thiabendazole, chlorine dioxide and the like.
- the transpiration component may contain various additives as long as it does not impair the effects of the present invention.
- the additive include an efficacy enhancer, a transpiration rate improver, and a stabilizer. Only one type of additive may be used, or two or more types may be used.
- potency enhancer examples include piperonyl butoxide, sinepirin 222, sinepirin 500, isobornyl thiocyanoacetate and its derivatives (for example, IBTA, IBTE), octachlorodipropyl ether, and the like.
- stabilizer examples include 3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxytoluene, 3-t-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole, mercaptobenzimidazole, dilauryl-thio-di-propionate, 2,2 ′.
- the method of obtaining the transpiration component holding body by holding the transpiration component on the knitted fabric is prepared by dissolving the transpiration component in a solvent to prepare a solution and immersing the knitted fabric in the solution, for example.
- Adopting a method of impregnating the transpiration component, a method of impregnating the transpiration component into the knitted fabric by spraying or dropping the drug substance (the drug itself) as the solution or the transpiration component on the knitted fabric, etc. Can do.
- the solvent used by drying or the like may be removed.
- evaporation component can be repeatedly performed until the holding
- Solvents for preparing the transpiration component solution include, for example, hydrocarbons such as water, naphthene, kerosene, paraffin, alcohols such as glycerin, propylene glycol, methanol, isopropanol, 1-octanol and 1-dodecanol, acetone , Ketones such as acetophenone, ethers such as dihexyl ether, diethylene glycol diethyl ether, esters such as dioctyl adipate, diethyl malonate, diethyl phthalate, xylene, chlorocene, silicone oil, etc. It is done.
- hydrocarbons such as water, naphthene, kerosene, paraffin
- alcohols such as glycerin, propylene glycol, methanol, isopropanol, 1-octanol and 1-dodecanol
- acetone Ketones such as acetophenone
- the amount of the transpiration component (drug) held in the transpiration component holder is usually determined as appropriate so as to achieve a desired effect (transpiration or effective period) in consideration of the type of the drug.
- the amount of transpiration component (medicine) that can be retained per unit area is large, so the range of restrictions on the upper limit of the retention amount is wide and can be determined according to the purpose.
- the transpiration component (drug) in an amount of about 300 g / m 2 at maximum can be held per unit area.
- the amount of transpiration component held per unit area in the transpiration component holder is preferably 50 to 200 g / m 2 .
- the amount per unit weight of the transpiration component holder is preferably 0.4 to 1.5 g / g.
- the holding amount per basis weight is a value obtained by dividing the holding amount per unit area of the transpiration component holder by the basis weight of the woven or knitted fabric constituting the transpiration component holder (that is, transpiration per gram of woven or knitted fabric). This is a value indicating the amount of the component retained), and the amount of the transpiration component retained can be evaluated by eliminating the influence of the opening and thickness of the woven or knitted fabric.
- the transpiration material of the present invention includes the transpiration component holding body, a cartridge-type frame body holding the transpiration component holding body, and a storage body having air permeability and detachably storing the frame body. It is preferable that If the cartridge type frame body and the housing body are provided in this way, for example, when the transpiration component is completely or almost completely evaporated and the efficacy is lost or lowered, the used frame body is replaced with a new transpiration. By replacing the frame with the component holding body, it is possible to develop an excellent effect again. Moreover, when replacing the frame body, it is easy to attach and detach the storage body with a single operation (one touch). Yes.
- an example of an embodiment provided with a cartridge type frame and a storage body will be described with reference to the drawings.
- FIGS. 3 to 5 show the transpiration material of the above-described embodiment provided with a cartridge type frame and a storage body
- FIG. 6 shows a cartridge type frame housed in the transpiration material.
- a cartridge-type frame body 2 holding the transpiration component holding body 1 is housed in the housing body 3.
- the storage body 3 is composed of a front surface portion 3a and a back surface portion 3b, and the same shape of the vent holes 4 is formed at the same position on both the front surface portion 3a and the back surface portion 3b so as to maintain air permeability from the front surface toward the back surface. Is provided.
- the transpiration component held in the transpiration component holder 1 can be evaporated from the vent hole 4.
- the shape of the air hole 4 is not particularly limited as long as air permeability is ensured between the front surface portion 3a and the back surface portion 3b, and the transpiration component can be efficiently evaporated, and it can be designed in an arbitrary shape. Considering the transpiration of the components, the larger the total area of the vent holes 4, the better.
- the storage body 3 has a space portion 5 for storing the frame body 2 between the front surface portion 3a and the back surface portion 3b, and the frame body 2 is freely accessible from an opening 6 communicating with the space portion 5. Can be inserted and removed.
- the space portion 5 is formed in such a size that at least a part of the frame body 2 just fits in the width direction and / or the thickness direction so that the stored frame body 2 does not easily come out. Note that the frame body 2 and the storage body 3 (the front surface portion 3a and the back surface portion 3b) are changed to or in addition to setting the size of the space portion 5 to a size that allows the frame body 2 to be fitted.
- the latching means 7 that detachably latches, it is possible to prevent the housed frame 2 from easily coming out.
- the front surface portion 3a and the back surface portion 3b constituting the storage body 3 may be formed by integral molding, or may be integrally formed by molding as a separate member.
- the material which comprises the storage body 3 (front surface part 3a and back surface part 3b) is formed with various plastics, a metal, glass, paper, wood, ceramics etc., for example.
- the frame body 2 sandwiches at least the periphery of the transpiration component holding body 1 with two sheets of a front frame body 2 a and a back frame body 2 b.
- the front frame body 2a and the back frame body 2b are provided with a plurality of auxiliary frames 2 'connecting the both side surfaces at the same position, and this is a transpiration component holding body by the front and back auxiliary frames 2'. This is to prevent the transpiration component holding body 1 from becoming loose by further sandwiching 1, and can be omitted.
- auxiliary frame 2 ′ When the auxiliary frame 2 ′ is provided, it is positioned so as not to obstruct the air holes 4 when the frame body 2 is stored in the storage body 3 (so that it cannot be seen from the outside when the frame body 2 is stored in the storage body 3. Provided). Further, although not shown in FIG. 6, for example, support members that connect the periphery of the frame 2 on the upper side or the lower side in the drawing and the auxiliary frame 2 ′ closest to the surrounding frame 2 up and down are 1 to By providing about three, the torsional strength of the frame 2 can be improved.
- a transpiration component is held in the knitted fabric by dropping the transpiration component (drug) in a state where the knitted fabric is sandwiched between the frames 2, and a transpiration component holding body is produced.
- the transpiration component is dropped on a small area divided by the support member and the surrounding frame 2 or the auxiliary frame 2 ', and the knitted fabric and other parts of this dripping part (separated part)
- the color difference (brightness and darkness) as compared with the knitted fabric, the degree of retention of the transpiration component can be easily grasped, and an effect of enabling efficient production can be obtained.
- a raw material which comprises the frame 2 For example, various plastics, a metal, glass, ceramics etc. are mentioned.
- one frame having a locking member on one surface is used as the frame 2, and the transpiration component holding body 1 is held by the locking member. It may be a thing. However, when the frame body 2 is stored in the storage body 3, the transpiration component holding body 1 held by the frame body 2 and the storage body 3 (the front surface portion 3a and the back surface portion 3b) are not in contact with each other. The presence of the air gap is desirable in order to prevent the transpiration of the transpiration component from being hindered. In consideration of this point, the size of the space portion 5 of the storage body 3 is set to a size in which the frame body 2 is fitted. When doing, the form shown in FIG. 6 with which the frame bodies 2a and 2b with thickness are distribute
- the transpiration material of the embodiment provided with the cartridge type frame and the storage body has been described, the transpiration material of the present invention is not limited to this, as long as the transpiration material holding body is provided. Needless to say, the design can be changed arbitrarily. That is, the transpiration component holding body may be held in any state. For example, as shown in FIG. 7, the transpiration component holding body 1 is disposed between a front surface portion 3 a and a back surface portion 3 b constituting the storage body 3. Alternatively, the transpiration component holder itself may be used as a net-like transpiration material.
- the front surface portion 3 a and the back surface portion 3 b constituting the storage body 3 are formed as separate members, and the transpiration component holding body 1 is sandwiched between the clamping members 8 a and 8 b provided around the front portion 3 a and the back surface portion 3 b. It is integrated in the state made to do. Further, instead of or in addition to sandwiching the transpiration component holding body 1 around, a locking member for locking the transpiration component holding body 1 to at least one of the front surface portion 3a and the back surface portion 3b ( (Not shown) can also be provided.
- the front surface portion 3a and the back surface portion 3b are integrated by, for example, a method using a locking member, a method using heat fusion, a method using an adhesive, or the like.
- FIG. 7 since it is not a cartridge type, it is not necessary to provide the space part 5 and the opening part 6 for accommodating the frame 2 in the accommodating body 3.
- FIG. 7 the presence of a gap that does not contact each other between the transpiration component holding body 1 and the storage body 3 (the front surface portion 3a and the back surface portion 3b) hinders the transpiration of the transpiration component. Therefore, the front surface portion 3a and the back surface portion 3b constituting the storage body 3 are formed so that a gap is formed inside when integrated.
- the constituent materials of the storage body 3 (the front surface portion 3a and the back surface portion 3b) and the vent holes 4 in the form shown in FIG. 7 are the same as those in the forms shown in FIGS.
- the method of using the transpiration material of the present invention may be used, for example, by placing it indoors or outdoors, or by suspending it with a handle or attaching it to a pillar or wall surface. When used in this manner, for example, it is possible to simply perform fragrance, deodorization, etc. in a toilet or room.
- the transpiration material of the present invention is a flexible net, for example, if it is hung at the entrance of a building or a window or other opening where a pest such as a mosquito or a moth enters, It is effective for pest control.
- the transpiration material of the present invention when the transpiration material of the present invention is attached to a screen door installed at the entrance of a building or an opening of a window, for example, using a hook fastener and hook loop fastener, etc., the transpiration component is evaporated by the flow of air. Therefore, it is effective to keep insects away from screen doors with pest control agents, and to let fragrances and deodorant components drift indoors with fragrances and deodorants / deodorants.
- the yarn forming the knitted fabric is composed of a plurality of liquid-absorbing filaments, but a knitted fabric formed of yarns composed of a single liquid-absorbing monofilament was used. Even if it is an aspect, if the crimp is provided to this one liquid-absorbing monofilament, the effect similar to this invention can be anticipated.
- the number of yarns used in each row the ratio of the number of warps running in the warp direction to the number of warps entangled with another warp, the position of another warp to be entangled
- the number of warps (x) arranged in the weft direction and the number of warps (y) arranged in the warp direction are as follows: A net-like knitted fabric (net) was produced by lace knitting.
- Aperture ratio (%) [Aperture area per constant area (z) / Constant area (z)] ⁇ 100
- the thickness (mm) was measured using a thickness meter ("DIAL THICKNESS GAUGE" manufactured by Ozaki Mfg. Co., Ltd.).
- a net-shaped knitted fabric (net) was produced by knitting.
- the ratio of opening (%), the total width (mm) of warps arranged in the weft and warp directions, and the basis weight (g / m) 2 ) When the thickness (mm) was measured, it was as shown in Table 1.
- each measurement was performed 3 times and evaluated by the average value.
- the impregnation allowance (g) of each net obtained is shown in Table 1, impregnation allowance per unit area of net (impregnation allowance / net area (0.01 m 2 )), and impregnation per unit weight.
- An allowable amount [impregnated allowable amount / net area (0.01 m 2 )] / weight per unit area) was calculated and shown in Table 1.
- Examples 1 to 3 In the above, three nets obtained by cutting the net obtained in Reference Example 4 showing a particularly high impregnation allowance into the same dimensions (10 cm ⁇ 10 cm) were prepared, and the formulations shown in Table 2 were respectively provided on each cut net.
- the transpiration component (drug) blended in (1) was dropped using a komagome pipette, and the drug was sufficiently diffused throughout the net to obtain the transpiration material of the present invention. In any of Examples 1 to 3, the predetermined amount of the drug could be retained in the net.
- Comparative Example 1 The net obtained in Comparative Reference Example 1 was cut into the same dimensions as in Example 1, and 300 mg of the same transpiration component (drug) as in Example 1 was dropped onto the cut net using a komagome pipette. The chemical was sufficiently diffused throughout the net to obtain a transpiration material for comparison.
- the transpiration materials obtained in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Example 1 were subjected to chemical transpiration tests using the test apparatus shown in FIG. That is, the test apparatus shown in FIG. 8 is prepared by preparing two cylinders 10 having a length of 50 cm and an inner diameter of 15 cm, connecting them so as to sandwich the transpiration material 11, and installing a blower 12 at one end thereof. This test apparatus was installed in a room adjusted to 25 ° C., and continuously blown with a blower at a constant wind speed of 0.2 m / sec.
- the effective period of methfluthrin in the transpiration component was prolonged as the impregnation amount increased. Specifically, at least 21 days for the transpiration material of Example 1 where the blending amount of metfurthrin is 100 mg, at least 49 days for the transpiration material of Example 2 that is 200 mg, and at least 70 for the transpiration material of Example 3 that is 300 mg. It can be seen that it can evaporate stably for a day. In addition, as shown in Table 3, it was confirmed that the effective period of profluthrin in the transpiration component was prolonged as the impregnation amount increased.
- Example 4 (Example 4 and Example 5)
- the net obtained in Reference Example 4 was cut into 10 cm ⁇ 10 cm, and an acetone solution in which metfurthrin was dissolved as a drug was dropped onto the net and air-dried.
- 100 mg of metfurthrin was obtained in Example 5.
- a transpiration material was prepared by uniformly impregnating 30 mg of metfurthrin in the entire net.
- the efficacy test shown below was performed outdoors using the transpiration material obtained in Example 4 and Example 5 above, and the repellent efficacy against mosquitoes when the transpiration material of the present invention was used outdoors was examined.
- Field M and field N were set at an interval of about 15 m as shown in FIG. 9 at an arbitrary location in the park where the test insects were confirmed to live. At this time, the wind direction in each field was the direction of the arrow W in FIG.
- test specimens (transpiration material 100) are installed in the field M and no test specimen is installed in the field N
- the subjects stand at standing positions A and B of each field, respectively.
- the number of test insects (number of flying) that stopped on each subject's body was counted per minute.
- the test specimen installed in the field M is moved to the field N, four test specimens (transpiration material 100) are installed in the field N, and no test specimen is installed in the field M.
- the same test subject stood at each standing position at the beginning and after 24 hours.
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Abstract
Description
前記編織物は、レース編により形成されたものであることが好ましく、この編織物の総面積に占める目開き部分の総面積の割合は10~80%であることが好ましい。前記捲縮は、捲縮率3~50%で付与されていることが好ましい。前記蒸散成分は、蒸気圧が1×10-3Pa/25℃以上の害虫防除剤であることが好ましい。本発明の蒸散材は、さらに、前記蒸散成分保持体を保持した枠体と、通気性を有し前記枠体を着脱自在に収納した収納体とを備えていることが好ましい。
本発明において、前記編織物とは、編物または織物を意味し、例えば、比較的目開きの小さい布地状のものから、比較的目開きの大きいネット状のものまでを含む概念である。詳しくは、前記織物とは、経糸と緯糸とが互いに直角の方向に交錯して形成されるものである。他方、前記編物とは、例えば、1本あるいは数本の糸がループを作り、そのループに次の糸を引っ掛けて新しいループを作ることを連続するなどして、糸を互いに絡み合わせて形成されるものであり、レース編みやメリヤス編みなどで形成されたものが挙げられる。
前記編織物を形成する吸液性フィラメント(モノフィラメント)の直径は、特に制限されないが、通常20~500dtex、好ましくは50~300dtexであるのがよい。吸液性フィラメント(モノフィラメント)の直径が小さすぎると、蒸散成分(薬剤)の保持量が少なくなるおそれがあり、一方、大きすぎると、編織物の目開きが小さくなり、保持された蒸散成分の蒸散性が低下するおそれがある。
なお、捲縮は、編織物の形成に用いる糸の少なくとも一部に付与されていればよく、例えば、経糸と緯糸を交錯させた織物においては経糸および緯糸の一方に捲縮が付与されていてもよいし、後述するレース編みの形態においては複数の経糸のうち何本かに捲縮が付与されていてもよい。また、編織物の形成に用いる糸を構成する複数本の吸液性フィラメント(モノフィラメントまたはマルチフィラメント)のうちの何本かの吸液性フィラメントに捲縮が付与されていてもよい(つまり、捲縮が付与された吸液性フィラメントを1本以上含んで構成される糸を用いて編織物を形成するようにしてもよい)。好ましくは、編織物を構成する全ての吸液性フィラメント、ひいては編織物を形成する全ての糸に捲縮が付与されているのがよい。
前記捲縮を付与する際には、その捲縮率は、通常、3~50%であることが好ましい。捲縮率が前記範囲よりも小さいと、蒸散成分の保持量の向上効果が充分に得られないおそれがあり、一方、前記範囲よりも大きいと、織編加工が難しくなるおそれがある。なお、本発明で言う捲縮率とは、フィラメントの初期長さをaとし、該フィラメントに一定時間(30秒間)、一定の荷重(1dtexあたり1/11g)をかけたときの長さをbとして、下記式に基づき算出される伸縮伸長率(%)を意味するものである。
伸縮伸長率(%)=[(b-a)/a]×100
捲縮率(伸縮伸長率)は、具体的には、例えば「繊維便覧」(第1版、昭和44年発行)p413の「a.伸縮性」の項に記載されているA法に準じて行うことができる。
経方向および緯方向に配される糸の本数は、多ければ多いほど、蒸散成分の保持量を増大させ、蒸散成分の蒸散効果を長期間にわたり継続させることができるので好ましいが、あまりに多くなりすぎると、目開きが小さくなり、糸(吸液性フィラメント)に保持された蒸散成分の蒸散性が低下するおそれがある。したがって、経方向および緯方向に配される糸の本数は、通常、それぞれ、1~5本程度とするのがよい。
前記編織物において縦方向および経方向に配された糸の幅は、0.1~1mm、さらには0.3~0.6mmとするのが好ましい。前記糸の幅が前記範囲よりも小さいと、蒸散成分(薬剤)の保持量が少なくなるおそれがあり、一方、前記範囲よりも大きいと、目開きが小さくなるおそれがある。
前記編織物の厚みは、小さすぎると、蒸散成分(薬剤)の保持量が少なくなるおそれがあり、逆に、大きすぎると、蒸散性が低下するおそれがあることから、通常、0.2~2mm、好ましくは0.3~1mm、より好ましくは0.5~1mmであるのがよい。
○DDVP、
○ダイアジノン
○スミチオン
等が挙げられ、カーバメート系殺虫剤としては、
○プロポクサー
○カルバリル
等が挙げられ、ピレスロイド系殺虫剤としては、
○アレスリン
○フタルスリン
○レスメトリン
○フラメトリン
○ペルメトリン
○フェノトリン
○フェンバレレート
○エスフェンバレレート
○プラレトリン
○テフルスリン
○トランスフルトリン
○メトフルトリン
○プロフルトリン
○シペルメトリン
○シフェノトリン
○フェンプロパトリン
○フェンフルスリン
○エムペントリン
○テラレスリン
○エトフェンプロックス
○イミプロトリン
等が挙げられる。また、その他の害虫防除剤として、アミドフルメト、メトキサジアゾン、植物精油、テルペン、およびこれらの異性体や誘導体等が挙げられる。これらの中でも、蒸気圧が比較的高い害虫防除剤を前記蒸散成分とすることが好ましく、例えば蒸気圧が1×10-3Pa/25℃以上である害虫防除剤が好適に用いられる。具体的には、トランスフルトリン、メトフルトリン、プロフルトリン、エムペントリンが好ましい。
図3~5に示す蒸散材においては、蒸散成分保持体1を保持したカートリッジ式の枠体2が、収納体3の内部に収納されている。
収納体3は、前面部3aと背面部3bとからなり、その前面から背面に向けて通気性を保持するよう、前面部3aと背面部3bの両方に同一形状の通気孔4が同じ位置に設けられている。このような通気孔4を設けることにより、該通気孔4から蒸散成分保持体1に保持された蒸散成分を蒸散させることができる。通気孔4の形状は、前面部3aと背面部3bとの間で通気性が確保され、蒸散成分が効率よく蒸散できる限り、特に制限されず、任意の形状に設計することができるが、蒸散成分の蒸散性を考慮すると、通気孔4の総面積が大きいほど好ましい。
空間部5は、収納した枠体2が容易に抜け出ないよう、その幅方向および/または厚み方向において枠体2の少なくとも一部が丁度嵌合する大きさに形成されている。なお、空間部5の大きさを枠体2が嵌合する大きさに設定することに変えて、もしくはこれに加えて、枠体2と収納体3(前面部3aおよび背面部3b)とを着脱可能に係止する係止手段7を設けることにより、収納した枠体2が容易に抜け出ないようにすることもできる。
さらに、図6においては図示しないが、例えば、図中、上側または下側にあたる枠体2の周囲と、該周囲の枠体2に最も近い補助枠2’とを上下に繋ぐ支持部材を1~3本程度設けておくことにより、枠体2のねじれ強度を向上させることもできる。また、このような支持部材を設けておくと、例えば編織物を枠体2に挟持した状態で蒸散成分(薬剤)を滴下することにより蒸散成分を編織物に保持させて蒸散成分保持体を作製する場合に、支持部材と周囲の枠体2もしくは補助枠2’とで区切られた面積の小さい部分に蒸散成分を滴下して、この滴下部分(区切られた部分)の編織物と他の部分の編織物との色の違い(明暗)を判断基準にすることで、蒸散成分の保持の程度が簡便に把握でき、効率のよい生産が可能になるという効果も得られる。
枠体2を構成する素材としては、特に制限はないが、例えば、各種プラスチック、金属、ガラス、陶磁器等が挙げられる。
なお、図7に示す形態における収納体3(前面部3aおよび背面部3b)の構成素材や、通気孔4については、図3~図5に示す形態の場合と同様である。
(参考例1~4)
ポリエステルからなるマルチフィラメント(モノフィラメント数50本)に、加ねん-熱固定-解ねん法によるテクスチャード加工を施すことにより捲縮率13%で捲縮を付与し、得られた糸を用いて、レース編みによるネット状の編織物(ネット)を作製した。
すなわち、図2に示すレース編みの形態において、各列に用いる糸の数、そのうち経方向に走行させる経糸の本数と別の経糸に絡ませる経糸の本数との比率、絡み合わせる別の経糸の位置(何本の経糸を間に飛ばして絡み合わせるか)を変更することにより、緯方向に配される経糸の数(x)および経方向に配される経糸の数(y)がそれぞれ下記の通りであるレース編みによるネット状の編織物(ネット)を作製した。
参考例1;x=2、y=2
参考例2;x=3、y=2
参考例3;x=2、y=3
参考例4;x=3、y=3
緯方向および経方向に配される各経糸の合計幅(mm)は、デジタルマイクロスコープ(「VHX-900」(株)キーエンス製)を用いて、得られたネットの表面を50倍に拡大した画像に基づいて測定し、さらに、この測定値と、一定面積(z)における緯方向および経方向の経糸の本数とから、一定面積(z)あたりの目開き面積を算出し、下記式に従い目開きの割合(%)を求めた。なお、測定はネット全体の任意の3箇所で行い、その平均値をとった。
目開きの割合(%)
=〔一定面積(z)あたりの目開き面積/一定面積(z)〕×100
他方、上記厚み(mm)は、厚み計(「DIAL THICKNESS GAUGE」(株)尾崎製作所製)を用いて測定した。
ポリエステルからなるマルチフィラメント(モノフィラメント数50本)にテクスチャード加工を施すことなく、該マルチフィラメントを糸として用いたこと以外は、参考例1(x=2、y=2)と同様にして、レース編みによるネット状の編織物(ネット)を作製した。
得られた各編織物(ネット)について、参考例1~4と同様に、目開きの割合(%)、緯方向および経方向に配される経糸の合計幅(mm)、目付け(g/m2)、厚み(mm)を測定したところ、表1に示す通りであった。
得られた各ネットの含浸許容量(g)を表1に示すとともに、それぞれ、ネットの単位面積当りの含浸許容量(含浸許容量/ネット面積(0.01m2))と、目付け当りの含浸許容量(〔含浸許容量/ネット面積(0.01m2)〕/目付け)とを算出し、表1に示す。
上記において特に高い含浸許容量を示した参考例4で得られたネットを同一の寸法(10cm×10cm)に裁断したものを3枚用意し、裁断した各ネット上に、それぞれ表2に示す処方で配合した蒸散成分(薬剤)を、こまごめピペットを用いて滴下し、ネット全体に充分に薬剤を拡散させて、本発明の蒸散材を得た。実施例1~3のいずれの場合も、上記所定量の薬剤を全量ネットに保持させることができた。
比較参考例1で得られたネットを実施例1と同一の寸法に裁断し、裁断したネット上に、実施例1と同じ蒸散成分(薬剤)300mgを、こまごめピペットを用いて滴下し、ネット全体に充分に薬剤を拡散させて、比較用の蒸散材を得た。
上記参考例4で得られたネットを10cm×10cmに裁断し、このネット上に、薬剤としてメトフルトリンを溶解させたアセトン溶液を滴下し風乾することにより、実施例4ではメトフルトリン100mgを、実施例5ではメトフルトリン30mgを、それぞれネット全体に均一に含浸させた蒸散材を作製した。
次に、上記実施例4および実施例5で得られた蒸散材を用いて屋外で以下に示す効力試験を行い、本発明の蒸散材を屋外で使用した場合の蚊に対する忌避効力を調べた。
場所:兵庫県某所の緑地公園内(気温:27.5~28.5℃、湿度:56~80%、風速:0.05~0.31m/s)
供試虫:公園内に生息している蚊雌成虫
試験検体:実施例4の蒸散材(メトフルトリン100mg;上記表3の結果より、実施例1の蒸散材の使用開始初期の状態に相当)
実施例5の蒸散材(メトフルトリン30mg;上記表3の結果より、実施例1の蒸散材の使用開始から20日程度の状態に相当)
3)24時間後、フィールドMに設置していた試験検体をフィールドNに移動させ、フィールドNには4個の試験検体(蒸散材100)を設置し、フィールドMには試験検体を設置しない状態において、各フィールドの立ち位置A及びBにそれぞれ被験者が立ち、25分間に各被験者の体に止まった供試虫の数(飛来数)をカウントした。なお、各立ち位置には、最初と24時間後とで同一の被験者が立つようにした。
飛来阻止率(%)=〔(蒸散材を設置しない状態での飛来数-蒸散材を設置した状態での飛来数)/蒸散材を設置しない状態での飛来数〕×100
Claims (6)
- 複数本の吸液性フィラメントからなる糸で形成された編織物に蒸散成分を保持させた蒸散成分保持体を備えた蒸散材であって、前記編織物を形成する糸の少なくとも一部に捲縮が付与されていることを特徴とする蒸散材。
- 前記編織物がレース編により形成されたものである、請求項1記載の蒸散材。
- 前記蒸散成分保持体を保持した枠体と、通気性を有し前記枠体を着脱自在に収納した収納体とを備えた、請求項1または2記載の蒸散材。
- 前記捲縮は、捲縮率3~50%で付与されている、請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の蒸散材。
- 前記蒸散成分は、蒸気圧が1×10-3Pa/25℃以上の害虫防除剤である、請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の蒸散材。
- 前記編織物の総面積に占める目開き部分の総面積の割合が10~80%である、請求項1~5のいずれかに記載の蒸散材。
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JP2012236779A (ja) * | 2011-05-10 | 2012-12-06 | Earth Chemical Co Ltd | 蒸散材 |
WO2014065150A1 (ja) * | 2012-10-22 | 2014-05-01 | 大日本除蟲菊株式会社 | 薬剤揮散体 |
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JP2012005355A (ja) * | 2010-06-22 | 2012-01-12 | Dainippon Jochugiku Co Ltd | 薬剤揮散装置 |
JP2012140384A (ja) * | 2011-01-06 | 2012-07-26 | Dainippon Jochugiku Co Ltd | 網戸に固定して用いる薬剤揮散体及びこれを用いた飛翔害虫防除方法。 |
JP2012236779A (ja) * | 2011-05-10 | 2012-12-06 | Earth Chemical Co Ltd | 蒸散材 |
JP2014177475A (ja) * | 2011-11-16 | 2014-09-25 | Dainippon Jochugiku Co Ltd | 防虫成分含有樹脂ペレット及びこれを用いた防虫製品 |
CN105010331B (zh) * | 2011-11-16 | 2017-08-22 | 大日本除虫菊株式会社 | 含挥发性药剂的结构体 |
WO2014065150A1 (ja) * | 2012-10-22 | 2014-05-01 | 大日本除蟲菊株式会社 | 薬剤揮散体 |
JPWO2014065150A1 (ja) * | 2012-10-22 | 2016-09-08 | 大日本除蟲菊株式会社 | 薬剤揮散体 |
AU2013335918B2 (en) * | 2012-10-22 | 2016-11-17 | Dainihon Jochugiku Co., Ltd. | Chemical volatilization body |
JP2014152161A (ja) * | 2013-02-13 | 2014-08-25 | Sumitomo Chemical Co Ltd | 害虫防除用通気構造体及びその製造方法 |
JP5571265B1 (ja) * | 2013-02-28 | 2014-08-13 | 大日本除蟲菊株式会社 | 香り付き防虫剤、香り付き防虫器、及び香り付き防虫剤の製造方法 |
JP2015020968A (ja) * | 2013-07-18 | 2015-02-02 | 大日本除蟲菊株式会社 | 香り付き薬剤揮散体 |
JP2018188379A (ja) * | 2017-04-28 | 2018-11-29 | アース製薬株式会社 | ピレスロイド系化合物の揮散促進方法及びピレスロイド系化合物の揮散促進剤 |
JP7219000B2 (ja) | 2017-04-28 | 2023-02-07 | アース製薬株式会社 | ピレスロイド系化合物の揮散促進方法及びピレスロイド系化合物の揮散促進剤 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JPWO2010058817A1 (ja) | 2012-04-19 |
CN102202501A (zh) | 2011-09-28 |
CN102202501B (zh) | 2014-02-19 |
JP5647003B2 (ja) | 2014-12-24 |
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