WO2010010702A1 - 軸性近視の予防または治療剤 - Google Patents
軸性近視の予防または治療剤 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010010702A1 WO2010010702A1 PCT/JP2009/003455 JP2009003455W WO2010010702A1 WO 2010010702 A1 WO2010010702 A1 WO 2010010702A1 JP 2009003455 W JP2009003455 W JP 2009003455W WO 2010010702 A1 WO2010010702 A1 WO 2010010702A1
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- myopia
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D213/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D213/60—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D213/72—Nitrogen atoms
- C07D213/75—Amino or imino radicals, acylated by carboxylic or carbonic acids, or by sulfur or nitrogen analogues thereof, e.g. carbamates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- A61K31/44—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof
- A61K31/4409—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof only substituted in position 4, e.g. isoniazid, iproniazid
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- A61K31/44—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof
- A61K31/4427—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof containing further heterocyclic ring systems
- A61K31/4439—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof containing further heterocyclic ring systems containing a five-membered ring with nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. omeprazole
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/55—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having seven-membered rings, e.g. azelastine, pentylenetetrazole
- A61K31/551—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having seven-membered rings, e.g. azelastine, pentylenetetrazole having two nitrogen atoms, e.g. dilazep
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
- A61K9/0048—Eye, e.g. artificial tears
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
- A61K9/0048—Eye, e.g. artificial tears
- A61K9/0051—Ocular inserts, ocular implants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P27/00—Drugs for disorders of the senses
- A61P27/02—Ophthalmic agents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P27/00—Drugs for disorders of the senses
- A61P27/02—Ophthalmic agents
- A61P27/10—Ophthalmic agents for accommodation disorders, e.g. myopia
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a preventive or therapeutic agent for axial myopia. More particularly, the present invention relates to a preventive or therapeutic agent for axial myopia comprising a Rho kinase inhibitor as an active ingredient.
- Myopia refers to a state in which the light that has passed through the cornea does not form an image on the retina and cannot be clearly captured because it forms an image in front of the retina.
- Myopia is roughly divided into two types: accommodative myopia and axial myopia. It is said that accommodative myopia involves adjustment by prolonged near work, that is, increase in lens refractive power due to increased contraction of ciliary muscle. Normally, when the near work is stopped, the ciliary muscle relaxes and the adjustment is released, but the state in which the contraction state in the long-term near work is fixed and myopia becomes apparent is referred to as adjustable myopia.
- Intense myopia is said to be caused by an extension of the eye axis, and various experiments suggest that both the retina and the central nervous system are involved in the extension of the eye axis (see Non-Patent Document 1).
- Non-Patent Document 1 As an attempt to prevent the progression of myopia, as a method of improving the tension of the ciliary muscle against the mechanism of refractive myopia due to increased contraction of the ciliary muscle, eye drops therapy of tropicamide (Midrin M (registered trademark)) However, the effect is not statistically significant (see Non-Patent Document 1).
- Atropine blocks its regulation by ciliary muscle relaxation, suppresses extension of axial length in animal experiments, inhibits eyeball growth of retinal cells by releasing dopamine, and grows from the pituitary gland that inhibits normal eyeball growth
- Taiwan Taiwan that it is thought that the myopia progression is suppressed by the action of suppressing the secretion of hormones, and the myopia progression was statistically significantly suppressed, but contact dermatitis, dawn by mydriasis, fog vision, Short-, medium- and long-term side effects such as the effect of ultraviolet rays on the retina and lens are problematic (see Non-Patent Document 1).
- Non-Patent Document 1 Although pirenzepine prevented morphological blockade myopia by suppressing extension of the axial length at the level of animal experiments (see Non-Patent Document 1), a 2-year clinical trial conducted in the United States for children aged 8-12 years However, a significant difference was observed for accommodative myopia (refraction of the lens), but no significant difference was observed for the axial length (see Non-Patent Document 2).
- Patent Document 1 discloses an ocular axial length control agent comprising a transforming growth factor TGF- ⁇ modulator as an active ingredient, but has not yet been clinically used. Thus, although drugs that suppress the extension of the axial axis have been found at the level of animal experiments, there are no drugs that have been clinically proven to be effective for axial myopia at the present time.
- Rho kinase is an intracellular serine / threonine oxidase identified as a target protein for the low molecular weight GTP binding protein Rho.
- Rho kinase There are two isoforms of Rho kinase, ROC ⁇ (also referred to as Rho-kinase ⁇ , ROCK-II) and ROC ⁇ (also referred to as Rho-kinase ⁇ , ROCK-I). Both enzymes are widely expressed in the body. Is particularly strongly expressed in the brain and skeletal muscle. It has been clarified that Rho kinase is deeply involved in cell physiological functions such as contraction, proliferation, migration, and gene expression induction, and studies on animal models and humans to date have revealed that Rho kinase is a cardiovascular system.
- Rho kinase inhibitors have been suggested to be useful for the treatment of these diseases. Specifically, diseases caused by excessive contraction of vascular smooth muscle (coronary artery spasm, cerebral vasospasm, hypertension, pulmonary hypertension, sudden death, etc.), arteriosclerotic diseases (angina, myocardial infarction, restenosis, cerebral infarction) It has been suggested as a therapeutic agent for osteoporosis, erectile dysfunction, renal disease, cancer, insulin resistance, bronchial asthma, glaucoma, etc. (Non-patent Document 3, Patent) Reference 2).
- an intravenous drip infusion is also approved as a medicinal product that has the effect of improving cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage and the associated cerebral ischemic symptom with Fasudil, a Rho kinase inhibitor, as an active ingredient.
- Fasudil a Rho kinase inhibitor
- Patent Document 3 discloses a glaucoma preventive / therapeutic agent comprising a compound having Rho kinase inhibitory activity. This is based on the finding that Rho kinase inhibitors have an intraocular pressure lowering effect, an optic disc blood flow improving effect, and an aqueous humor outflow promoting effect.
- Patent Document 4 discloses a glaucoma therapeutic agent comprising a combination of a Rho kinase inhibitor and prostaglandins
- Patent Document 5 discloses a glaucoma therapeutic agent comprising a combination of a Rho kinase inhibitor and a ⁇ -blocker.
- Patent Document 6 discloses a prophylactic / therapeutic agent for eye strain comprising a compound having Rho kinase inhibitory activity, and a prophylactic / therapeutic agent for pseudomyopia. It was found that a Rho kinase inhibitor suppresses ciliary muscle contraction and is useful as a prophylactic / therapeutic agent for eye strain and pseudomyopia caused by persistent abnormal tension of the ciliary muscle. It is based on.
- myopia correction there are more options for coping with the progress of spectacles, various contact lenses, and refractive surgery, but myopia is mainly binocular, progressing irreversibly, and socially active age. Due to the characteristic that the layer is affected, myopia itself leads to a decrease in QOL. On the other hand, medically, the risk of retinal detachment associated with high myopia, myopic choroidal atrophy, myopic choroidal neovascularization, glaucoma, and cataracts may increase the risk of more serious ocular diseases. The establishment of a method for preventing myopia progression in myopia that is markedly progressing in schoolchildhood or myopia that develops after becoming an adult is expected (see Non-Patent Document 1).
- an object of this invention is to provide the chemical
- a Rho kinase inhibitor has an action of suppressing the extension of the eye axis.
- the present inventors have found that it can be an excellent active ingredient for a prophylactic or therapeutic agent for myopia, and have completed the present invention. That is, the present invention relates to a preventive or therapeutic agent for axial myopia and includes the following inventions.
- a prophylactic or therapeutic agent for axial myopia comprising a Rho kinase inhibitor as an active ingredient.
- Rho kinase inhibitor is (R)-(+)-trans-N- (4-pyridyl) -4- (1-aminoethyl) -cyclohexanecarboxamide, 1- (5-isoquinolinesulfonyl) homopiperazine 1- (1-hydroxy-5-isoquinolinesulfonyl) homopiperazine, (S)-(+)-2-methyl-1-[(4-methyl-5-isoquinolinyl) sulfonyl] homopiperazine, (S)-( +)-4-Glycyl-2-methyl-1-[(4-methyl-5-isoquinolinyl) sulfonyl] homopiperazine, N- (4-pyridyl) -N ′-(2,4,6-trichlorophenyl) urea And prevention of axial myopia according to the above [1], which is a compound selected from the group consisting of 3- (4-pyridyl) -1H-ind
- the prophylactic or therapeutic agent for axial myopia of the present invention is extremely useful for the prevention or treatment of axial myopia because it contains a Rho kinase inhibitor having an action of suppressing the extension of the axial length as an active ingredient.
- the present invention is a prophylactic or therapeutic agent for axial myopia comprising a Rho kinase inhibitor as an active ingredient.
- the Rho kinase inhibitor means a compound that inhibits the function of serine / threonine kinase activated by the activation of the low molecular weight GTP-binding protein Rho.
- axial myopia is because the light passing through the cornea does not form an image on the retina, but forms an image in front of the retina due to the extension of the axial length (length from the cornea to the retina). It means myopia in a state where the image cannot be clearly captured.
- Rho kinase inhibitor in a chicken (chick) visual block myopia model, administration of a Rho kinase inhibitor into the vitreous significantly suppresses the extension of the axial length. This finding indicates that Rho kinase is involved in the extension of the axial length, that is, Rho kinase is involved in the development of axial myopia, and a Rho kinase inhibitor prevents axial myopia. It has also been revealed for the first time that it is extremely useful for treatment.
- the Rho kinase inhibitor used in the preventive or therapeutic agent for axial myopia of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a compound that inhibits the function of Rho kinase.
- (R)-(+)-trans-N- (4-pyridyl) -4- (1-aminoethyl) -cyclohexane as a Rho kinase inhibitor suitably used in the preventive or therapeutic agent for axial myopia of the present invention Carboxamide, 1- (5-isoquinolinesulfonyl) homopiperazine, 1- (1-hydroxy-5-isoquinolinesulfonyl) homopiperazine, (S)-(+)-2-methyl-1-[(4-methyl-5 -Isoquinolinyl) sulfonyl] homopiperazine, (S)-(+)-4-glycyl-2-methyl-1-[(4-methyl-5-isoquinolinyl) sulfonyl] homopipe
- fasudil 1- (5-Isoquinolinesulfonyl) homopiperazine (1- (5-Isoquinolinesulfonyl) homopiperazine) is also referred to as fasudil or HA1077.
- This compound has a structure represented by the following formula (II), and has been approved in Japan as an active ingredient of a remedy for cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage and cerebral ischemic symptoms associated therewith (references) : M. Shirotani, et al. A new type of vasodilator, HA1077, an isoquinoline derivative, inhibits proliferation of bovine vascular smooth muscle cells in culture. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 259, 738 (1991)
- hydroxyfasudil 1- (1-Hydroxy-5-isoquinolinesulfonyl) homopiperazine (1- (1-Hydroxy-5-isoquinolinesulfonyl) homopiperazine) is also referred to as hydroxyfasudil or HA1100.
- This compound is an active metabolite of fasudil and has a structure represented by the following formula (III) (reference: H. Shimokawa, et al. Rho-kinase-mediated pathway induces enhanced myosin light chain phosphorylations in a swine model of coronary artery spasm. Cardiovasc. Res. 43, 1029 (1999)).
- N- (4-pyridyl) -N ′-(2,4,6-trichlorophenyl) urea has the following formula ( VI) (A. Takami, et al. Design and synthesis of Rho kinase inhibitors (I). Bioorg. Med. Chem. 12, 2115 (2004)).
- 3- (4-Pyridyl) -1H-indole has a structure represented by the following formula (VII) (JC Yarrow, et al. Screening for cell migration inhibitors) via automated microscopy reveals a Rho-kinase inhibitor. Chem. Biol. 12, 385 (2005)).
- Rho kinase inhibitors (formulas (I) to (VII)) preferably used for the preventive or therapeutic agent for axial myopia of the present invention may be used as pharmacologically acceptable salts.
- Such salts include salts with bases such as inorganic bases and organic bases, and acid addition salts such as inorganic acids, organic acids, basic or acidic amino acids.
- the inorganic base include alkali metals such as sodium and potassium; alkaline earth metals such as calcium and magnesium; and aluminum and ammonium.
- organic base examples include primary amines such as ethanolamine; secondary amines such as diethylamine, diethanolamine, dicyclohexylamine, and N, N′-dibenzylethylenediamine; trimethylamine, triethylamine, pyridine, picoline, triethanolamine and the like.
- primary amines such as ethanolamine
- secondary amines such as diethylamine, diethanolamine, dicyclohexylamine, and N, N′-dibenzylethylenediamine
- trimethylamine triethylamine, pyridine, picoline, triethanolamine and the like.
- a tertiary amine etc. are mentioned.
- inorganic acids include hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid and the like.
- Examples of the organic acid include formic acid, acetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, fumaric acid, oxalic acid, tartaric acid, maleic acid, citric acid, succinic acid, malic acid, methanesulfonic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid and the like. It is done.
- Examples of basic amino acids include arginine, lysine, ornithine and the like.
- Examples of acidic amino acids include aspartic acid and glutamic acid.
- the compounds represented by the above formulas (I) to (VII) are known Rho kinase inhibitors, and each compound or a salt thereof is commercially available. Moreover, it can manufacture easily by referring to the reference of each said compound.
- the prophylactic or therapeutic agent for axial myopia of the present invention can be produced, for example, by mixing a Rho kinase inhibitor or a salt thereof and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
- a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier in a solid preparation, an excipient (eg, lactose, corn starch, mannitol, crystalline cellulose, etc.), a lubricant (eg, magnesium stearate, talc, polyethylene glycol, colloidal silica, etc.), Binders (syrup, gum arabic, gelatin, tragacanth gum, polyvinylpyrrolidone, etc.), disintegrants (eg potato starch, carboxymethylcellulose calcium, croscarmellose sodium, chitin, chitosan, etc.) etc., and non-aqueous vehicles in liquid formulations (For example, alcohols such as ethanol, propylene glycol and glycerin, olive oil, almond oil, sesame oil, cottonseed oil,
- preservatives eg, paraoxybenzoates, benzalkonium chloride, chlorobutanol, etc.
- chelating agents eg, sodium edetate, sodium citrate, condensed sodium phosphate, etc.
- antioxidants as necessary (E.g., nitrite, ascorbic acid, cysteine, etc.)
- coloring agents e.g., tar pigments, licorice extract, riboflavin, etc.
- sweeteners e.g., glucose, sucrose, saccharin, etc.
- flavoring agents e.g., vanillin, menthol, etc.
- Fragrances for example, fennel oil, menthol, etc.
- agar, casein, collagen and the like are exemplified as pharmaceutically acceptable carriers.
- the agent for preventing or treating axial myopia of the present invention is administered orally or parenterally.
- preparations for oral administration include solid preparations such as tablets, powders, granules and capsules, and liquid preparations such as emulsions, syrups and suspensions.
- preparation for parenteral administration include injections, ointments, eye drops and the like.
- the agent for preventing or treating axial myopia of the present invention is preferably used in a form for local ocular administration from the viewpoint of effects.
- Examples of the preparation for topical ocular administration include eye drops, injections (intravitreal injections, subconjunctival injections, and tenon's injections), eye ointments, and ophthalmic gels.
- the agent for preventing or treating axial myopia of the present invention is preferably used in the form of eye drops or intravitreal injections. These preparations are preferably used as sustained release agents. This is because the administration interval can be increased and the number of administrations can be reduced. In particular, since frequent injection into the local area of the eye increases the risk of complications, it is preferable to use a sustained-release agent in the injection.
- the sustained release agent can be produced by a known method. Specifically, for example, a sustained-release agent containing a drug in fine particles such as biodegradable polymers (such as polylactic acid), natural polymers (such as collagen and hyaluronic acid), and synthetic polymers (such as methacrylic acid copolymers). Is mentioned.
- a Rho kinase inhibitor or a salt thereof is dissolved in water for injection together with the above-mentioned preservative, isotonic agent, solubilizing agent, etc. as an aqueous injection, or propylene glycol, olive oil, sesame oil, cottonseed oil It can be produced as an oily injection by dissolving or suspending in a solution.
- Aqueous eye drops can be produced, for example, by heating purified water to dissolve a preservative, adding a solubilizing agent, and then adding a Rho kinase inhibitor or a salt thereof to completely dissolve it.
- a buffer, an isotonic agent, a chelating agent, a thickener and the like may be used as necessary.
- the aqueous suspension ophthalmic solution can be produced by appropriately selecting and using the above-described suspending agent in addition to the additives used in the aqueous eye drop.
- the aqueous eye drop and the aqueous suspension eye drop are preferably used after adjusting within the pH range usually used for eye drops, and usually 4 to 9, preferably 5 to 8.
- Non-aqueous eye drops include Rho kinase inhibitors or salts thereof, water-soluble solvents such as alcohols (eg, ethanol, ethylene glycol, macrogol, propylene glycol, glycerin, etc.) and fats and oils (eg, olive oil, sesame oil, peanut oil, cottonseed oil) , Castor oil, corn oil, etc.) and the like.
- alcohols eg, ethanol, ethylene glycol, macrogol, propylene glycol, glycerin, etc.
- fats and oils eg, olive oil, sesame oil, peanut oil, cottonseed oil
- Castor oil corn oil, etc.
- the eye ointment can be produced by appropriately selecting, for example, petrolatum, plastibase, liquid paraffin or the like as a base.
- the ophthalmic gel can be produced by appropriately selecting and using, for example, carboxyvinyl polymer, ethylene maleic anhydride polymer, polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block copolymer, gellan rubber and the like as a base.
- the amount of the active ingredient in the preventive or therapeutic agent for axial myopia of the present invention is 0.0001 to 100% by weight, preferably 0.001 to 50% by weight of the preparation.
- the dose and frequency of administration vary depending on age, body weight, and administration form, but when used as eye drops for adults, Rho kinase inhibitor is 0.0001 to 10 w / v%, preferably 0.001 to 1 w.
- Rho kinase A formulation containing 0.0001-10 w / w%, preferably 0.001-1 w / w% of the inhibitor can be administered once every 4-8 weeks.
- Example 1 Ocular axial length suppression test using chicken myopia model (I)]
- Chicken visual block myopia model A six-day-old chick (white legphone) was obtained and one eye was shielded with a mask made using vinyl tape. Occlusion was always performed on the right eye and the left eye was used as a control. The chicks were raised under normal breeding conditions.
- Rho kinase inhibitor As a Rho kinase inhibitor, Y27632 dihydrochloride (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, see the above formula (I), hereinafter abbreviated as “Y27632”) and hydroxyfasudil hydrochloride (manufactured by SIGMA, the above) Formula (III), hereinafter abbreviated as “hydroxyfasudil”) was used. Y27632 was prepared to 50 ⁇ M using physiological saline. Hydroxyfasudil was adjusted to 1 mM using physiological saline. Saline was used as a control.
- Y27632 or hydroxyfasudil was injected into the vitreous cavity once a week (every 7 days) into chicks that were guided myopia by shielding. Specifically, chicks were anesthetized with Ketalar (registered trademark) and Selactal (registered trademark), and then inserted 2 mm outward from the corneal ring using a syringe for insulin injection.
- a 50 ⁇ M solution of Y27632 was injected into a 50 ⁇ l vitreous body. Since the chick's eyeball volume is about 1 ml, the final intraocular concentration of Y27632 is about 2.5 ⁇ M.
- the control group of the Y27632 administration group was injected with 50 ⁇ l of physiological saline.
- 1 ⁇ l of a 1 mM solution of hydroxyfasudil was taken, diluted to 20 ⁇ l, and injected into the vitreous. Since the chick's eye volume is about 1 ml, the final intraocular concentration of hydroxyfasudil is about 1 ⁇ M.
- 20 ⁇ l of physiological saline was injected into the vitreous body.
- Results Table 1 shows the results of the Y27632 administration group and the control group. As is clear from Table 1, the Y27632 administration group significantly decreased the axial length and the maximum transverse diameter compared to the control group.
- Rho kinase inhibitor significantly suppressed the progression of axial myopia in the chick model, it was revealed that Rho kinase is involved in the extension of the ocular axis.
- Example 2 Axial length suppression test using chicken myopia model (II)]
- Chicken visual block myopia model A chicken visual block myopia model was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1. That is, a 6-day-old chick (white legphone) was obtained, and one eye was shielded with a mask made using vinyl tape. Occlusion was always performed on the right eye and the left eye was used as a control. The chicks were raised under normal breeding conditions.
- Rho Kinase Inhibitor Hydroxyfasudil hydrochloride manufactured by SIGMA, see the above formula (III), hereinafter abbreviated as “hydroxyfasudil” was used as a Rho kinase inhibitor.
- Hydroxadil was instilled once a day for 4 weeks on chicks in which myopia was induced by shielding. Specifically, one drop (about 5 ⁇ l) of the hydroxyfasudil solution was instilled using a syringe with a needle for subcutaneous administration of insulin “ROADOSE” 30G (manufactured by Becton Dickinson). Instillation was performed on the right and left eyes. In the control group, BSP was injected intravitreally once a week (every 7 days).
- the above-mentioned “Rhodoze” was used to inject it into the vitreous while avoiding the crystalline lens and scleral cartilage tissue. Injection was performed a total of 4 times in the right and left eyes.
- Formulation 2 Eye drops Dissolve hydroxyfasudil hydrochloride (1- (1-Hydroxy-5-isoquinolinesulfonyl) homopiperazine HCl), sodium dihydrogen phosphate dihydrate and sodium chloride in sterilized purified water. After adjusting the pH to 7, an eye drop of the following formulation was prepared using sterilized purified water to make the total volume 100 ml.
- Formulation 3 Injection Injection Y27632 dihydrochloride ((R)-(+)-trans-N- (4-Pyridyl) -4- (1-aminoethyl) -cyclohexanecarboxamide 2HCl) and sodium chloride are dissolved in bacteria-purified water, An injection of the following formulation was prepared with a total volume of 100 ml with sterile purified water.
- Formulation 4 Injection Injectable solution of the following formulation by dissolving hydroxyfasudil hydrochloride (1- (1-Hydroxy-5-isoquinolinesulfonyl) homopiperazine HCl) and sodium chloride in bacteria-purified water, and making up the total volume to 100 ml with sterile purified water was prepared.
- hydroxyfasudil hydrochloride (1- (1-Hydroxy-5-isoquinolinesulfonyl) homopiperazine HCl
- sodium chloride in bacteria-purified water
- 100ml ⁇ Hydroxyfasudil hydrochloride 0.001g ⁇ 0.9g sodium chloride -Sterilized purified water
- Appropriate amount In the same manner as in Formulation Example 4 above, an injection containing 0.01 g and 0.0001 g of hydroxyfasudil hydrochloride in 100 ml can be prepared.
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Abstract
Description
Rhoキナーゼは、収縮、増殖、遊走、遺伝子発現誘導などの細胞の生理機能に深く関与していることが明らかとなっており、今日までの動物モデルやヒトにおける検討により、Rhoキナーゼが心血管系疾患を中心とした様々な疾患の病態に深く関与していることが知られている。そのため、Rhoキナーゼ阻害剤は、これらの疾患の治療に有用であることが示唆されている。具体的には、血管平滑筋の過収縮に起因する疾患(冠動脈攣縮、脳血管攣縮、高血圧、肺高血圧、突然死など)、動脈硬化性疾患(狭心症、心筋梗塞、再狭窄、脳梗塞、高血圧性血管疾患、心不全など)、骨粗しょう症、勃起障害、腎疾患、癌、インスリン抵抗性、気管支喘息、緑内障などの治療薬としての可能性が示唆されている(非特許文献3、特許文献2参照)。現に、我が国においてもRhoキナーゼ阻害剤であるファスジルを有効成分とするくも膜下出血後の脳血管攣縮およびこれに伴う脳虚血症状の改善を効能・効果とする点滴静注液が医薬品として承認され、臨床使用されている。
特に、強度近視の原因であると考えられる軸性近視については、現時点で有効な予防方法や治療法がないため、軸性近視を予防または治療することが可能となれば、QOLの向上につながるのみならず、上記の重篤な眼疾患発症のリスクも低減すると考えられる。それゆえ、軸性近視の予防または治療薬として臨床的に有効な薬剤の開発が強く望まれている。
そこで、本発明は、軸性近視の予防または治療効果に優れた薬剤を提供することを目的とする。
すなわち、本発明は、軸性近視の予防または治療剤に関し、以下の発明を包含する。
[1]Rhoキナーゼ阻害剤を有効成分とする軸性近視の予防または治療剤。
[2]Rhoキナーゼ阻害剤が、(R)-(+)-トランス-N-(4-ピリジル)-4-(1-アミノエチル)-シクロヘキサンカルボキシアミド、1-(5-イソキノリンスルフォニル)ホモピペラジン、1-(1-ヒドロキシ-5-イソキノリンスルフォニル)ホモピペラジン、(S)-(+)-2-メチル-1-[(4-メチル-5-イソキノリニル)スルフォニル]ホモピペラジン、(S)-(+)-4-グリシル-2-メチル-1-[(4-メチル-5-イソキノリニル)スルフォニル]ホモピペラジン、N-(4-ピリジル)-N’-(2,4,6-トリクロロフェニル)ウレア、および、3-(4-ピリジル)-1H-インドールからなる群より選択された化合物またはその塩である前記[1]に記載の軸性近視の予防または治療剤。
[3]点眼投与用である前記[1]または[2]に記載の軸性近視の予防または治療剤。
[4]硝子体内投与用である前記[1]または[2]に記載の軸性近視の予防または治療剤。
(1)ニワトリ視覚遮断近視モデル
生後6日齢のヒヨコ(白色レグホン)を入手し、ビニールテープを用いて作製したマスクで片眼を遮蔽した。遮蔽は常に右眼に行い、左眼は対照とした。ヒヨコは通常の飼育条件で飼育した。
Rhoキナーゼ阻害剤として、Y27632二塩酸塩(和光純薬工業製、上記式(I)参照、以下「Y27632」と略記する)およびヒドロキシファスジル塩酸塩(SIGMA社製、上記式(III)参照、以下「ヒドロキシファスジル」と略記する)を使用した。Y27632は生理食塩水を用いて50μMに調製した。ヒドロキシファスジルは生理食塩水を用いて1mMに調製した。対照には生理食塩水を使用した。
遮蔽によって近視誘導中のヒヨコに、Y27632またはヒドロキシファスジルを週に1回(7日ごとに)硝子体腔に注射した。具体的には、ヒヨコをケタラール(登録商標)とセラクタール(登録商標)で麻酔した後、インスリン注射用シリンジを用いて角膜輪から2mm程度外側に刺入した。
Y27632投与群には、Y27632の50μM溶液を50μl硝子体内に注入した。ヒヨコの眼球容積は約1mlであるため、Y27632の最終眼内濃度は約2.5μMになる。Y27632投与群の対照群には、生理食塩水を50μl硝子体内に注入した。
ヒドロキシファスジル投与群には、ヒドロキシファスジルの1mM溶液を1μl取り、これを20μlに希釈して硝子体内に注入した。ヒヨコの眼球容積は約1mlであるため、ヒドロキシファスジルの最終眼内濃度は約1μMになる。ヒドロキシファスジル投与群の対照群には、生理食塩水を20μl硝子体内に注入した。
近視を誘導して4週間後にヒヨコを屠殺、眼球を摘出して、左右眼球の大きさをキャリパで測定した。軸性近視の程度を眼軸縦方向の長さ(眼軸長)および横方向の最大直径(最大横径)で評価した。左右の眼軸長差および最大横径差を算出し、その差を近視の程度とし、対照群における近視誘導の程度と上記薬剤を注入した場合の近視誘導の程度の差を比較した。
Y27632投与群および対照群の結果を表1に示した。表1から明らかなように、Y27632投与群は、対照群と比較して有意に眼軸長および最大横径を減少させた。
(1)ニワトリ視覚遮断近視モデル
実施例1と同様にニワトリ視覚遮断近視モデルを作製した。すなわち、生後6日齢のヒヨコ(白色レグホン)を入手し、ビニールテープを用いて作製したマスクで片眼を遮蔽した。遮蔽は常に右眼に行い、左眼は対照とした。ヒヨコは通常の飼育条件で飼育した。
Rhoキナーゼ阻害剤として、ヒドロキシファスジル塩酸塩(SIGMA社製、上記式(III)参照、以下「ヒドロキシファスジル」と略記する)を使用した。ビーエスエスプラス(登録商標、アルコン社製)に溶解させたヒドロキシファスジル(濃度10mM)の50μlを生理食塩水で1000μlに希釈し、濃度500nmol/1000μlのヒドロキシファスジル溶液を調製して使用した。
遮蔽によって近視誘導中のヒヨコに、ヒドロキシファスジルを1日1回、4週間毎日点眼した。具体的には、インスリン皮下投与用針付注射筒「ロードーズ」30G(ベクトン・ディッキンソン社製)を用いて、上記ヒドロキシファスジル溶液を1滴(約5μl)点眼した。点眼は右眼および左眼に行った。
対照群には、ビーエスエスプラスを週に1回(7日ごとに)硝子体内に注入した。具体的には、ヒヨコの角膜輪部(上耳側)から約3mmのところに、上記「ロードーズ」を用い、水晶体および強膜の軟骨組織を避けて硝子体内に注入した。注入は右眼および左眼に合計4回行った。
近視を誘導して4週間後にヒヨコを屠殺、眼球を摘出して、左右眼球の大きさをキャリパで測定した。軸性近視の程度を眼軸縦方向の長さ(眼軸長)および横方向の最大直径(最大横径)で評価した。左右の眼軸長差および最大横径差を算出し、その差を近視の程度とし、対照群における近視誘導の程度とヒドロキシファスジルを点眼した場合の近視誘導の程度の差を比較した。
結果を表3に示した。表3から明らかなように、ヒドロキシファスジルの点眼投与群は、対照群と比較して有意に眼軸長および最大横径を減少させた。
処方1:点眼剤
滅菌精製水にY27632二塩酸塩((R)-(+)-trans-N-(4-Pyridyl)-4-(1-aminoethyl)-cyclohexanecarboxamide 2HCl)、リン酸2水素ナトリウム・2水和物および塩化ナトリウムを溶解し、水酸化ナトリウムでpHを7に調整した後、滅菌精製水で全量を100mlとして、以下の処方の点眼剤を調製した。
100ml中
・Y27632二塩酸塩 0.01g
・リン酸2水素ナトリウム・2水和物 0.1g
・塩化ナトリウム 0.9g
・水酸化ナトリウム 適量
・滅菌精製水 適量
なお、上記処方例1と同様にして、Y27632二塩酸塩を100ml中に0.1gおよび0.001g含有する点眼剤を調製することができる。
滅菌精製水にヒドロキシファスジル塩酸塩(1-(1-Hydroxy-5-isoquinolinesulfonyl)homopiperazine HCl)、リン酸2水素ナトリウム・2水和物および塩化ナトリウムを溶解し、水酸化ナトリウムでpHを7に調整した後、滅菌精製水で全量を100mlとして、以下の処方の点眼剤を調製した。
100ml中
・ヒドロキシファスジル塩酸塩 0.01g
・リン酸2水素ナトリウム・2水和物 0.1g
・塩化ナトリウム 0.9g
・水酸化ナトリウム 適量
・滅菌精製水 適量
なお、上記処方例2と同様にして、ヒドロキシファスジル塩酸塩を100ml中に0.1gおよび0.001g含有する点眼剤を調製することができる。
菌精製水にY27632二塩酸塩((R)-(+)-trans-N-(4-Pyridyl)-4-(1-aminoethyl)-cyclohexanecarboxamide 2HCl)および塩化ナトリウムを溶解し、滅菌精製水で全量を100mlとして、以下の処方の注射剤を調製した。
100ml中
・Y27632二塩酸塩 0.001g
・塩化ナトリウム 0.9g
・滅菌精製水 適量
なお、上記処方例3と同様にして、Y27632二塩酸塩を100ml中に0.01gおよび0.0001g含有する注射剤を調製することができる。
菌精製水にヒドロキシファスジル塩酸塩(1-(1-Hydroxy-5-isoquinolinesulfonyl)homopiperazine HCl)および塩化ナトリウムを溶解し、滅菌精製水で全量を100mlとして、以下の処方の注射剤を調製した。
100ml中
・ヒドロキシファスジル塩酸塩 0.001g
・塩化ナトリウム 0.9g
・滅菌精製水 適量
なお、上記処方例4と同様にして、ヒドロキシファスジル塩酸塩を100ml中に0.01gおよび0.0001g含有する注射剤を調製することができる。
Claims (4)
- Rhoキナーゼ阻害剤を有効成分とする軸性近視の予防または治療剤。
- Rhoキナーゼ阻害剤が、(R)-(+)-トランス-N-(4-ピリジル)-4-(1-アミノエチル)-シクロヘキサンカルボキシアミド、1-(5-イソキノリンスルフォニル)ホモピペラジン、1-(1-ヒドロキシ-5-イソキノリンスルフォニル)ホモピペラジン、(S)-(+)-2-メチル-1-[(4-メチル-5-イソキノリニル)スルフォニル]ホモピペラジン、(S)-(+)-4-グリシル-2-メチル-1-[(4-メチル-5-イソキノリニル)スルフォニル]ホモピペラジン、N-(4-ピリジル)-N’-(2,4,6-トリクロロフェニル)ウレア、および、3-(4-ピリジル)-1H-インドールからなる群より選択された化合物またはその塩である請求項1に記載の軸性近視の予防または治療剤。
- 点眼投与用である請求項1または2に記載の軸性近視の予防または治療剤。
- 硝子体内投与用である請求項1または2に記載の軸性近視の予防または治療剤。
Priority Applications (4)
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EP09800218A EP2319539A4 (en) | 2008-07-24 | 2009-07-23 | PROPHYLACTIC OR THERAPEUTIC AGENT FOR AXIAL MYOPIA |
JP2010521606A JPWO2010010702A1 (ja) | 2008-07-24 | 2009-07-23 | 軸性近視の予防または治療剤 |
US13/002,848 US20110130388A1 (en) | 2008-07-24 | 2009-07-23 | Prophylactic or therapeutic agent for axial myopia |
CN2009801289552A CN102105167A (zh) | 2008-07-24 | 2009-07-23 | 轴性近视的预防或治疗剂 |
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US (1) | US20110130388A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2319539A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JPWO2010010702A1 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20110042054A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN102105167A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2010010702A1 (ja) |
Cited By (6)
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WO2011149012A1 (ja) * | 2010-05-27 | 2011-12-01 | 参天製薬株式会社 | イソキノリンスルホニル誘導体を有効成分として含有する網脈絡膜変性疾患の予防または治療剤、網脈絡膜変性疾患の予防または治療方法、イソキノリンスルホニル誘導体またはその医薬的に許容される塩、ならびにその使用 |
WO2016171282A1 (ja) * | 2015-04-24 | 2016-10-27 | 学校法人慶應義塾 | 近視予防剤及び近視進行抑制剤 |
US9844556B2 (en) | 2015-03-25 | 2017-12-19 | Megumi Honjo | Preventive/therapeutic method and preventive/therapeutic agent for complications after cataract surgery |
WO2018164113A1 (ja) * | 2017-03-06 | 2018-09-13 | 学校法人 慶應義塾 | マウス近視誘導モデル及び近視予防・抑制のための小胞体ストレス抑制剤 |
JP2020527605A (ja) * | 2017-07-19 | 2020-09-10 | チャイナ リソーシーズ ファーマシューティカル ホールディングス カンパニー リミテッド | イソキノリニルスルホニル誘導体およびその使用 |
WO2022244765A1 (ja) | 2021-05-17 | 2022-11-24 | 株式会社坪田ラボ | 近視抑制用点眼剤 |
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RU2635185C2 (ru) * | 2013-12-17 | 2017-11-09 | Иван Дмитриевич Захаров | Фармацевтический препарат для профилактики и лечения прогрессирующей близорукости |
CN110215519A (zh) * | 2019-07-12 | 2019-09-10 | 温州医科大学附属眼视光医院 | 药物修饰型人工晶状体及其制备方法和应用 |
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JPWO2016171282A1 (ja) * | 2015-04-24 | 2018-02-22 | 学校法人慶應義塾 | 近視予防剤及び近視進行抑制剤 |
JP2020023574A (ja) * | 2017-03-06 | 2020-02-13 | 株式会社坪田ラボ | マウス近視誘導モデル及び近視予防・抑制のための小胞体ストレス抑制剤 |
JPWO2018164113A1 (ja) * | 2017-03-06 | 2019-06-27 | 株式会社坪田ラボ | 近視予防・抑制剤、マウス近視誘導モデル及びその作製方法、及び近視予防・抑制医薬スクリーニング方法 |
WO2018164113A1 (ja) * | 2017-03-06 | 2018-09-13 | 学校法人 慶應義塾 | マウス近視誘導モデル及び近視予防・抑制のための小胞体ストレス抑制剤 |
JP2021091731A (ja) * | 2017-03-06 | 2021-06-17 | 株式会社坪田ラボ | マウス近視誘導モデル及び近視予防・抑制のための小胞体ストレス抑制剤 |
JP7236753B2 (ja) | 2017-03-06 | 2023-03-10 | 株式会社坪田ラボ | マウス近視誘導モデル及び近視予防・抑制のための小胞体ストレス抑制剤 |
JP7424676B2 (ja) | 2017-03-06 | 2024-01-30 | 株式会社坪田ラボ | マウス近視誘導モデル及び近視予防・抑制のための小胞体ストレス抑制剤 |
JP2020527605A (ja) * | 2017-07-19 | 2020-09-10 | チャイナ リソーシーズ ファーマシューティカル ホールディングス カンパニー リミテッド | イソキノリニルスルホニル誘導体およびその使用 |
WO2022244765A1 (ja) | 2021-05-17 | 2022-11-24 | 株式会社坪田ラボ | 近視抑制用点眼剤 |
KR20240008848A (ko) | 2021-05-17 | 2024-01-19 | 가부시키가이샤 쓰보타 라보 | 근시억제용 점안제 |
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KR20110042054A (ko) | 2011-04-22 |
EP2319539A4 (en) | 2012-03-28 |
JPWO2010010702A1 (ja) | 2012-01-05 |
EP2319539A1 (en) | 2011-05-11 |
US20110130388A1 (en) | 2011-06-02 |
CN102105167A (zh) | 2011-06-22 |
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