WO2010005068A1 - 癌の治療及び予防用医薬組成物 - Google Patents
癌の治療及び予防用医薬組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010005068A1 WO2010005068A1 PCT/JP2009/062573 JP2009062573W WO2010005068A1 WO 2010005068 A1 WO2010005068 A1 WO 2010005068A1 JP 2009062573 W JP2009062573 W JP 2009062573W WO 2010005068 A1 WO2010005068 A1 WO 2010005068A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K16/00—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies
- C07K16/18—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans
- C07K16/28—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans against receptors, cell surface antigens or cell surface determinants
- C07K16/2803—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans against receptors, cell surface antigens or cell surface determinants against the immunoglobulin superfamily
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
- A61P35/02—Antineoplastic agents specific for leukemia
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K16/00—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies
- C07K16/18—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans
- C07K16/28—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans against receptors, cell surface antigens or cell surface determinants
- C07K16/30—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans against receptors, cell surface antigens or cell surface determinants from tumour cells
- C07K16/3015—Breast
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K16/00—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies
- C07K16/18—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans
- C07K16/28—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans against receptors, cell surface antigens or cell surface determinants
- C07K16/30—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans against receptors, cell surface antigens or cell surface determinants from tumour cells
- C07K16/3061—Blood cells
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
- A61K2039/505—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies comprising antibodies
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
- A61K39/395—Antibodies; Immunoglobulins; Immune serum, e.g. antilymphocytic serum
- A61K39/39533—Antibodies; Immunoglobulins; Immune serum, e.g. antilymphocytic serum against materials from animals
- A61K39/39558—Antibodies; Immunoglobulins; Immune serum, e.g. antilymphocytic serum against materials from animals against tumor tissues, cells, antigens
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K2317/00—Immunoglobulins specific features
- C07K2317/70—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by effect upon binding to a cell or to an antigen
- C07K2317/73—Inducing cell death, e.g. apoptosis, necrosis or inhibition of cell proliferation
- C07K2317/732—Antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity [ADCC]
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K2317/00—Immunoglobulins specific features
- C07K2317/70—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by effect upon binding to a cell or to an antigen
- C07K2317/73—Inducing cell death, e.g. apoptosis, necrosis or inhibition of cell proliferation
- C07K2317/734—Complement-dependent cytotoxicity [CDC]
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a novel pharmaceutical use of an antibody against CD179b or a fragment thereof as a therapeutic and / or preventive agent for cancer.
- Cancer is a disease that occupies the top cause of all deaths, and the current treatment is a combination of radiation therapy and chemotherapy, mainly surgery. Despite the recent development of new surgical methods and the discovery of new anti-cancer drugs, the therapeutic results of cancer have not improved much except for some cancers. In recent years, advances in molecular biology and cancer immunology have identified antibodies that react specifically with cancer, cancer antigens that are recognized by cytotoxic T cells, genes that encode cancer antigens, There is an increasing expectation for a specific cancer therapy targeting cancer antigens (Non-patent Document 1).
- Non-Patent Documents 4 to 4 9
- clinical studies of cell therapy using immune cells that specifically react with cancer antigens and cancer-specific immunotherapy such as vaccines containing cancer antigens are being conducted targeting a part of them.
- CD179b is a part of an alternative light chain of immunoglobulin, and is known to be expressed on the membrane surface of B cell progenitor cells (pre-B cells and pro-B cells). It disappears as B cells differentiate and is not expressed on mature B cells.
- CD179b is known to be expressed in leukemia (pre-B cell leukemia) cells in which pre-B cells have become cancerous (Non-patent Documents 10 and 11).
- CD179b is also expressed in lymphoma (pre-B cell lymphoma) cells in which pre-B cells have become cancerous, and is known to be usable as a diagnostic marker for pre-B cell lymphoma (Non-patent Document 12). ).
- An object of the present invention is to identify a cancer antigen protein that is specifically expressed on the surface of a cancer cell, and to provide a use of an antibody targeting it as a therapeutic and / or prophylactic agent for cancer.
- the present inventors have encoded a protein that binds to an antibody present in serum derived from a cancer-bearing organism by the SEREX method using serum from the same dog as the canine breast cancer tissue-derived cDNA library.
- cDNA was obtained, and human CD179b having the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 3 was prepared based on the human homologous gene of the obtained gene. It was found that CD179b is hardly expressed in normal tissues, whereas it is specifically expressed in breast cancer, leukemia and lymphoma cells. And it discovered that the antibody with respect to these CD179b impaired the cancer cell which expresses CD179b, and came to complete this invention.
- the present invention has the following features.
- the present invention relates to a CD179b protein having the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 3, or an amino acid sequence having 60% or more sequence identity with the amino acid sequence, or a fragment thereof containing 7 or more consecutive amino acids,
- the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition for treating and / or preventing cancer, comprising an antibody having a chemical reactivity or a fragment thereof as an active ingredient.
- the cancer is a cancer expressing the CD179b gene.
- the cancer is breast cancer, leukemia or lymphoma.
- the antibody is a monoclonal antibody or a polyclonal antibody.
- the antibody is a human antibody, a humanized antibody, a chimeric antibody, a single chain antibody, or a bispecific antibody.
- the antibody comprises a heavy chain variable region comprising amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 103, 104 and 102 and a light chain variable region comprising amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 106, 107 and 108, and CD179b
- An antibody having immunological reactivity with a protein is an antibody having immunological reactivity with a protein.
- the antibody comprises a heavy chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 105 and a light chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 109, and is immunologically reactive with the CD179b protein.
- Antibody comprises a heavy chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 105 and a light chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 109, and is immunologically reactive with the CD179b protein.
- the present invention further provides the following antibodies.
- An antibody comprising a heavy chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 105 and a light chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 109, and having immunological reactivity with the CD179b protein.
- the present invention further provides the following polypeptide or DNA.
- (V) a polypeptide comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 105 or a DNA encoding the polypeptide.
- Vi A polypeptide comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 109 or a DNA encoding the polypeptide.
- (Ix) a heavy chain complementarity determining region (CDR) polypeptide selected from the group consisting of the amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 103, 104 and 102 or DNA encoding the polypeptide.
- CDR complementarity determining region
- X a light chain complementarity determining region (CDR) polypeptide selected from the group consisting of the amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 106, 107 and 108 or DNA encoding the polypeptide.
- CDR complementarity determining region
- the antibody against CD179b used in the present invention damages cancer cells. Therefore, antibodies against CD179b are useful for the treatment and prevention of cancer.
- the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 3 in the sequence listing disclosed by the present invention is specifically present in the serum derived from a cancer-bearing dog by the SEREX method using the serum of the same affected dog as the canine mammary cancer-derived cDNA library. It is the amino acid sequence of CD179b isolated as a human homologous factor (homolog) of a polypeptide that binds to the antibody to be detected (see Example 1).
- the antibody against CD179b used in the present invention may be any kind of antibody as long as it can exhibit antitumor activity.
- monoclonal antibody for example, monoclonal antibody, polyclonal antibody, synthetic antibody, multispecific antibody, human antibody, humanized antibody , Chimeric antibodies, single chain antibodies (scFv), antibody fragments such as Fab and F (ab ′) 2 , and the like.
- scFv single chain antibodies
- antibody fragments such as Fab and F (ab ′) 2 , and the like.
- an antibody capable of specifically binding to the CD179b protein is desirable, and when the subject is a human, it is a human antibody or a humanized antibody in order to avoid or suppress rejection. It is desirable.
- CD179b protein specifically binds to CD179b protein and does not substantially bind to other proteins.
- a commercially available antibody against CD179b may be used.
- antibodies against human CD179b clones such as GA170, H-60, HP6054, A-19, C-16, SLC1, SLC2, SLC3, SLC4 and HSL11 are known and available.
- the antitumor activity of the antibody that can be used in the present invention shows whether it exhibits cytotoxic activity via immune cells or complement to tumor cells that express the polypeptide in vitro. Can be evaluated by examining.
- the subject to be treated and / or prevented for cancer in the present invention is a mammal such as a human, a pet animal, livestock, a sport animal, etc., and a preferred subject is a human.
- cancer and “tumor” used in the present specification mean a malignant neoplasm and are used interchangeably.
- the protein or fragment thereof used as a sensitizing antigen for obtaining an antibody against CD179b used in the present invention is not limited to the animal species from which it is derived, such as human, dog, cow, mouse, rat and the like. However, it is preferable to select in consideration of compatibility with the parent cell used for cell fusion. In general, a protein derived from a mammal is preferable, and a protein derived from a human is particularly preferable. For example, when CD179b is human CD179b, human CD179b protein or a partial peptide thereof, cells expressing human CD179b, and the like can be used.
- CD179b The base sequence and amino acid sequence of human CD179b and its homologue are accessed, for example, by GenBank (US NCBI) and algorithms such as BLAST and FASTA (Karlinarand Altschul, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 87: 2264-2268, 1993; Altschul et al., Nucleic Acids Res., 25: 3389-3402, 1997).
- CD179b is also referred to as ⁇ 5, IGLL1, Vpreb2, LOC608248, and the like, but in this specification, “CD179b” is used as a representative.
- human CD179b is registered with numbers such as NM_152855 and NM_020070
- mouse Vpreb2 is registered with a number such as NM_016983
- dog LOC608248 is registered with a number such as XM_845215.
- the sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 1 or 3 is 50% to 100%, preferably 60% to 100%, more preferably 80% to 100%. %, More preferably 90% to 100%, most preferably 95% to 100%, eg 97% to 100%, 98% to 100%, 99% to 100% or 99.5% to 100% sequence identity
- a target is a nucleic acid or protein comprising a sequence having
- “% sequence identity” refers to the total number of amino acids (or bases) when two sequences are aligned (aligned) with the maximum similarity, with or without gaps. The percentage (%) of the same amino acid (or base) relative to.
- the CD179b protein fragment has a length that is less than the total length of the protein from the amino acid length of the epitope (antigenic determinant), which is the smallest unit recognized by the antibody.
- the length of the epitope is usually in the range of 7-12 amino acids in succession.
- the above-mentioned polypeptide containing the human CD179b protein and its partial peptide can be synthesized according to chemical synthesis methods such as the Fmoc method (fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl method) and the tBoc method (t-butyloxycarbonyl method). it can. Moreover, it can also synthesize
- a polynucleotide encoding the above polypeptide is prepared, the polynucleotide is incorporated into an expression vector and introduced into a host cell, and the polypeptide is produced in the host cell. Thus, the desired polypeptide can be obtained.
- the polynucleotide encoding the above polypeptide can be easily prepared by a known genetic engineering technique or a conventional method using a commercially available nucleic acid synthesizer.
- DNA containing the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 is subjected to PCR using a pair of primers designed to amplify the nucleotide sequence described in SEQ ID NO: 1, using human chromosomal DNA or cDNA library as a template.
- PCR reaction conditions can be set as appropriate. For example, one cycle of a reaction process consisting of 94 ° C. for 30 seconds (denaturation), 55 ° C. for 30 seconds to 1 minute (annealing), and 72 ° C.
- Examples of the conditions include, but are not limited to, conditions of reacting at 72 ° C. for 7 minutes after 30 cycles.
- appropriate probes and primers are prepared based on the nucleotide sequence and amino acid sequence information shown in SEQ ID NOs: 1 and 3 of the sequence listing in the present specification, and a human or other cDNA library is prepared using them. By screening, desired DNA can be isolated.
- the cDNA library is preferably prepared from cells, organs or tissues expressing the protein of SEQ ID NO: 3. Examples of such cells and tissues are bone marrow, leukemia cells, breast cancer cells, lymphoma cells and the like. Operations such as the preparation of the probe or primer, construction of the cDNA library, screening of the cDNA library, and cloning of the gene of interest are known to those skilled in the art. For example, Sambrook et al., Molecular Cloning, second edition, This can be performed according to the method described in Current Protocols in Molecular Molecular Biology (1989). From the DNA thus obtained, DNA encoding the human CD179b protein and its partial peptide can be obtained.
- the host cell may be any cell as long as it can express the polypeptide.
- prokaryotic cells include Escherichia coli
- examples of eukaryotic cells include monkey kidney cells COS 1 and Chinese hamster ovary.
- an expression vector having a replication origin, a promoter, a ribosome binding site, a multicloning site, a terminator, a drug resistance gene, a nutritional complement gene and the like in the prokaryotic cell is used.
- Examples of the expression vector for E. coli include pUC system, pBluescript II, pET expression system, pGEX expression system and the like.
- an expression vector for a eukaryotic cell having a promoter, a splicing region, a poly (A) addition site and the like is used as an expression vector.
- expression vectors include pKA1, pCDM8, pSVK3, pMSG, pSVL, pBK-CMV, pBK-RSV, EBV vector, pRS, pcDNA3, pMSG, pYES2, and the like.
- a DNA encoding the above polypeptide is incorporated into such an expression vector, and after transforming a eukaryotic host cell with the vector, the resulting transformant is cultured, and the DNA encodes. Can be expressed in eukaryotic host cells.
- pIND / V5-His, pFLAG-CMV-2, pEGFP-N1, pEGFP-C1, etc. are used as an expression vector, a His tag (eg (His) 6 to (His) 10 ), FLAG tag, myc tag
- the polypeptide can be expressed as a fusion protein to which various tags such as HA tag and GFP are added.
- a known method such as electroporation, calcium phosphate method, liposome method, DEAE dextran method, or microinjection can be used.
- An antibody is usually a heteromultimeric glycoprotein comprising at least two heavy chains and two light chains. Apart from IgM, it is a heterotetrameric glycoprotein of about 150 kDa composed of two identical light (L) chains and two identical heavy (H) chains. Typically, each light chain is linked to the heavy chain by one disulfide covalent bond, but the number of disulfide bonds between the heavy chains of different immunoglobulin isotypes varies. Each heavy and light chain also has intrachain disulfide bonds. Each heavy chain has at one end a variable domain (VH region) followed by several constant regions. Each light chain has a variable domain (VL region) and one constant region at the opposite end.
- VH region variable domain
- VL region variable domain
- the constant region of the light chain is aligned with the first constant region of the heavy chain, and the light chain variable domain is aligned with the variable domain of the heavy chain.
- the variable domain of an antibody confers binding specificity on the antibody by exhibiting specific variability, in which a specific region is called a complementarity determining region (CDR).
- CDR complementarity determining region
- the relatively conserved portion of the variable region is called the framework region (FR).
- the complete heavy and light chain variable domains each contain 4 FRs linked by 3 CDRs.
- the three CDRs are called CDRH1, CDRH2, CDRH3 from the N-terminal in the heavy chain, and similarly called CDRL1, CDRL2, CDRL3 in the light chain.
- CDRH3 is most important for the binding specificity of the antibody to the antigen.
- the CDRs of each chain are held together in a state closer to the FR region, and contribute to the formation of an antigen binding site of the antibody together with the CDR from the other chain.
- the constant region does not contribute directly to the binding of the antibody to the antigen, but is involved in various effector functions such as antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), phagocytosis through binding to Fc ⁇ receptors,
- Figure 6 shows half-life / clearance rate through neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn), complement dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) through the C1q component of the complement cascade.
- the anti-CD179b antibody in the present invention means an antibody having immunological reactivity with the full length or fragment of the CD179b protein.
- immunological reactivity means the property of binding of an antibody and CD179b antigen in vivo, and the function of damaging (eg, killing, suppressing, or regressing) a tumor through such binding. , Is demonstrated. That is, the antibody used in the present invention is not limited as long as it can bind to the CD179b protein and damage tumors such as leukemia, lymphoma and breast cancer.
- antibodies include monoclonal antibodies, polyclonal antibodies, synthetic antibodies, multispecific antibodies, human antibodies, humanized antibodies, chimeric antibodies, single chain antibodies, antibody fragments (eg, Fab and (Aab ′) 2 ), and the like.
- the antibody can also be any class of immunoglobulin molecule, such as IgG, IgE, IgM, IgA, IgD and IgY, or any subclass such as IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, IgG4, IgA1, IgA2, and the like.
- the antibody may be further modified by glycosylation, acetylation, formylation, amidation, phosphorylation, PEGylation or the like.
- the antibody is a monoclonal antibody
- a mouse is immunized with the leukemia cell line Namalwa that expresses CD179b, the spleen is extracted from the mouse, the cells are separated, and the cells are fused with mouse myeloma cells. Then, a clone producing an antibody having a cancer cell growth inhibitory action is selected from the obtained fused cells (hybridoma). It can be prepared by isolating a monoclonal antibody-producing hybridoma having cancer cell growth inhibitory action, culturing the hybridoma, and purifying the antibody from the culture supernatant by a general affinity purification method.
- a hybridoma producing a monoclonal antibody can also be produced, for example, as follows.
- an animal is immunized with a sensitizing antigen according to a known method.
- a sensitizing antigen is injected into a mammal intraperitoneally or subcutaneously.
- the sensitizing antigen is diluted to an appropriate amount with PBS (Phosphate-Buffered Saline), physiological saline, or the like, and mixed with an appropriate amount of an ordinary adjuvant, for example, Freund's complete adjuvant, if necessary, and emulsified.
- PBS Phosphate-Buffered Saline
- physiological saline or the like
- an ordinary adjuvant for example, Freund's complete adjuvant, if necessary, and emulsified.
- the mammal is dosed several times every 4-21 days.
- an appropriate carrier can be used during immunization with the sensitizing antigen.
- immune cells are collected from the mammal and subjected to cell fusion. Can be mentioned.
- Mammalian myeloma cells are used as the other parent cell to be fused with the immune cells.
- This myeloma cell is known in various known cell lines such as P3U1 (P3-X63Ag8U1), P3 (P3x63Ag8.653) (J.JImmnol. (1979) 123, 1548-1550), P3x63Ag8U.1 (Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology (1978) 81, 1-7), NS-1 (Kohler. G. and Milstein, C. Eur. J. Immunol. (1976) 6, 511-519), MPC-11 (Margulies.
- the cell fusion between the immune cells and myeloma cells is basically performed by a known method such as the method of Kohler and Milstein et al. (Kohler. G. and Milstein, C., Methods Enzymol. (1981) 73, 3- 46) etc.
- the cell fusion is performed, for example, in a normal nutrient culture medium in the presence of a cell fusion promoter.
- a cell fusion promoter for example, polyethylene glycol (PEG), Sendai virus (HVJ), or the like is used as the fusion promoter, and an auxiliary agent such as dimethyl sulfoxide can be added and used to increase the fusion efficiency as desired.
- the usage ratio of immune cells and myeloma cells can be arbitrarily set.
- the number of immune cells is preferably 1 to 10 times that of myeloma cells.
- the culture solution used for the cell fusion for example, RPMI1640 culture solution suitable for growth of the myeloma cell line, MEM culture solution, and other normal culture solutions used for this kind of cell culture can be used.
- Serum replacement fluid such as fetal calf serum (FCS) can be used in combination.
- a predetermined amount of the immune cells and myeloma cells are mixed well in the culture medium, and a PEG solution (for example, an average molecular weight of about 1000 to 6000) preliminarily heated to about 37 ° C. is usually 30-60% (
- the desired hybridoma is formed by adding at a concentration of w / v) and mixing.
- cell fusion agents and the like that are undesirable for the growth of the hybridoma are removed by sequentially adding an appropriate culture medium and centrifuging to remove the supernatant.
- the hybridoma thus obtained is selected by culturing in a normal selective culture solution, for example, a HAT culture solution (a culture solution containing hypoxanthine, aminopterin and thymidine). Culturing with the HAT culture solution is continued for a sufficient time (usually several days to several weeks) for cells other than the target hybridoma (non-fusion cells) to die. Subsequently, the usual limiting dilution method is performed, and the hybridoma producing the target antibody is screened and single-cloned.
- a normal selective culture solution for example, a HAT culture solution (a culture solution containing hypoxanthine, aminopterin and thymidine). Culturing with the HAT culture solution is continued for a sufficient time (usually several days to several weeks) for cells other than the target hybridoma (non-fusion cells) to die. Subsequently, the usual limiting dilution method is performed, and the hybridoma producing the target antibody is screened
- human lymphocytes such as human lymphocytes infected with EB virus are sensitized in vitro with proteins, protein-expressing cells or lysates thereof. Lymphocytes can be fused with human-derived myeloma cells having permanent mitotic activity, for example, U266 (Registration No. TIB196) to obtain a hybridoma that produces a human antibody having a desired activity (for example, cell growth inhibitory activity).
- the hybridoma producing the monoclonal antibody thus produced can be subcultured in a normal culture solution and can be stored for a long time in liquid nitrogen.
- a desired antigen or a cell expressing the desired antigen is used as a sensitizing antigen and immunized according to a normal immunization method, and the resulting immune cell is fused with a known parent cell by a normal cell fusion method. And can be prepared by screening monoclonal antibody-producing cells (hybridomas) by a normal screening method.
- a polyclonal antibody can be obtained, for example, as follows.
- Serum is obtained by immunizing small animals such as mice, human antibody-producing mice, and rabbits with natural CD179b protein or recombinant CD179b protein expressed in a microorganism such as Escherichia coli as a fusion protein with GST or a partial peptide thereof.
- This is prepared by, for example, purification using ammonium sulfate precipitation, protein A, protein G column, DEAE ion exchange chromatography, affinity column coupled with CD179b protein or synthetic peptide, or the like.
- KM mice Korean Pharma / Medarex
- Xeno mice Amgen
- human antibody-producing mice When such mice are immunized with the CD179b protein or fragment thereof, fully human polyclonal antibodies can be obtained from blood.
- spleen cells can be removed from the immunized mouse and a human monoclonal antibody can be prepared by a fusion method with myeloma cells.
- the antigen can be prepared in accordance with, for example, a method using animal cells (Special Table 2007-530068) or a method using baculovirus (eg, WO 98/46777).
- immunization may be performed by binding to an immunogenic macromolecule such as albumin.
- a recombinant antibody produced by cloning an antibody gene from a hybridoma incorporating it into an appropriate vector, introducing it into a host, and using genetic recombination technology (for example, Carl, AK Borrebaeck, James, W. Larrick, rickTHERAPEUTIC MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES, Published in the United Kingdom by MACMILLAN PUBLISHERS LTD, 1990).
- genetic recombination technology for example, Carl, AK Borrebaeck, James, W. Larrick, rickTHERAPEUTIC MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES, Published in the United Kingdom by MACMILLAN PUBLISHERS LTD, 1990.
- V region variable region of the antibody
- cDNA of the variable region (V region) of the antibody is synthesized from the hybridoma mRNA using reverse transcriptase. If DNA encoding the V region of the target antibody is obtained, it is ligated with DNA encoding the desired antibody constant region (C region) and incorporated into an expression vector.
- DNA encoding the V region of the antibody may be incorporated into an expression vector containing DNA of the antibody C region. It is incorporated into an expression vector so as to be expressed under the control of an expression control region such as an enhancer or promoter.
- host cells can be transformed with this expression vector to express the antibody.
- the anti-CD179b antibody of the present invention is preferably a monoclonal antibody. However, it may be a polyclonal antibody, a genetically modified antibody (such as a chimeric antibody or a humanized antibody) and the like.
- Monoclonal antibodies include human monoclonal antibodies, non-human animal monoclonal antibodies (eg, mouse monoclonal antibody, rat monoclonal antibody, chicken monoclonal antibody, etc.).
- a monoclonal antibody can be produced by culturing a hybridoma obtained by fusion of spleen cells and myeloma cells from a non-human mammal (eg, mouse, human antibody-producing mouse, etc.) immunized with CD179b protein.
- mouse monoclonal antibody # 8 was prepared and its antitumor effect was confirmed.
- This antibody # 8 comprises a heavy chain variable (VH) region having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 105 and a light chain variable (VL) region having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 109, wherein the sequence is arranged in the VH region.
- the amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NO: 103 (CDR1), SEQ ID NO: 104 (CDR2), and SEQ ID NO: 102 (CDR3) are included, and the VL region includes SEQ ID NO: 106 (CDR1), SEQ ID NO: 107 (CDR2), and SEQ ID NO: 108 (CDR3).
- CDR1 CDR1
- SEQ ID NO: 107 CDR2
- SEQ ID NO: 108 CDR3
- a chimeric antibody is an antibody prepared by combining sequences derived from different animals, such as a mouse antibody heavy chain, light chain variable region and human antibody heavy chain, light chain constant region antibody, etc. .
- a chimeric antibody can be prepared using a known method. For example, a DNA encoding an antibody V region and a DNA encoding a human antibody C region are ligated, incorporated into an expression vector, and introduced into a host. It is obtained by producing.
- Polyclonal antibodies include antibodies obtained by immunizing human antibody-producing animals (eg, mice) with CD179b protein.
- a humanized antibody is a modified antibody also called a reshaped human antibody.
- Humanized antibodies are constructed by transplanting CDRs of antibodies from immunized animals into the complementarity determining regions of human antibodies. The general gene recombination technique is also known.
- oligos were prepared so that the DNA sequence designed to link the CDR of the mouse antibody and the framework region (FR) of the human antibody had an overlapping portion at the end. It is synthesized from nucleotides by PCR. The obtained DNA is obtained by ligating with a DNA encoding a human antibody constant region, then incorporating it into an expression vector, introducing it into a host and producing it (European Patent Application Publication No. EP 239400, International Patent Application Publication) No. WO 96/02576). As the FR of a human antibody linked through CDR, a complementarity determining region that forms a favorable antigen binding site is selected.
- the amino acid of the framework region in the variable region of the antibody may be substituted so that the complementarity determining region of the reshaped human antibody forms an appropriate antigen-binding site (Sato, K. et al., Cancer Res. (1993) 53, 851-856). Moreover, you may substitute by the framework region derived from various human antibodies (refer international patent application publication number WO99 / 51743).
- a region in which the complementarity determining region forms a favorable antigen binding site is selected. If necessary, the amino acid of the framework region in the variable region of the antibody may be substituted so that the complementarity determining region of the reshaped human antibody forms an appropriate antigen-binding site (Sato, K. et al., Cancer Res. (1993) 53, 851-856).
- variable region e.g, FR
- constant region amino acids in the variable region or constant region may be substituted with other amino acids.
- the amino acid substitution is, for example, less than 15, less than 10, less than 8, less than 7, less than 6, less than 5, less than 4, less than 3, less than 2, or less than 2, preferably 1 to 5, more preferably 1 or 2 amino acids
- the substituted antibody should be functionally equivalent to the unsubstituted antibody.
- the substitution is preferably a conservative amino acid substitution, which is a substitution between amino acids with similar properties such as charge, side chain, polarity, aromaticity and the like.
- Amino acids with similar properties include, for example, basic amino acids (arginine, lysine, histidine), acidic amino acids (aspartic acid, glutamic acid), uncharged polar amino acids (glycine, asparagine, glutamine, serine, threonine, cysteine, tyrosine), nonpolar It can be classified into sex amino acids (leucine, isoleucine, alanine, valine, proline, phenylalanine, tryptophan, methionine), branched chain amino acids (threonine, valine, isoleucine), aromatic amino acids (phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan, histidine).
- basic amino acids arginine, lysine, histidine
- acidic amino acids aspartic acid, glutamic acid
- uncharged polar amino acids glycine, asparagine, glutamine, serine, threonine, cysteine, tyrosine
- modified antibody examples include antibodies bound to various molecules such as polyethylene glycol (PEG).
- PEG polyethylene glycol
- the substance to be bound is not limited. In order to obtain such a modified antibody, it can be obtained by chemically modifying the obtained antibody. These methods are already established in this field.
- “functionally equivalent” means that the target antibody has the same biological or biochemical activity as the antibody of the present invention, specifically, a function of damaging a tumor, and is applied to humans. Sometimes refers to not essentially causing rejection. Examples of such activity include cell growth inhibitory activity or binding activity.
- a method for introducing a mutation into the polypeptide is known.
- a person skilled in the art can perform site-directed mutagenesis (Hashimoto-Gotoh, T. et al. (1995) Gene 152, 271-275, Zoller, MJ, and Smith, M. (1983) Methods Enzymol. 100 , 468-500, Kramer, W. et al. (1984) Nucleic Acids Res. 12, 9441-9456, Kramer W, and Fritz HJ (1987) Methods. Enzymol. 154, 350-367, Kunkel, TA (1985) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 82, 488-492, Kunkel (1988) Methods Enzymol. 85, 2763-2766) etc.
- Antibodies can be prepared.
- An antibody that recognizes an epitope of CD179b protein that is recognized by the anti-CD179b antibody can be obtained by methods known to those skilled in the art. For example, a method for determining an epitope of CD179b protein recognized by an anti-CD179b antibody by an ordinary method (for example, epitope mapping etc.) and producing an antibody using a polypeptide having an amino acid sequence contained in the epitope as an immunogen, The epitope of the antibody produced by the above method can be determined, and an antibody having the same epitope as that of the anti-CD179b antibody can be selected.
- epitope of the antibody produced by the above method can be determined, and an antibody having the same epitope as that of the anti-CD179b antibody can be selected.
- epitope refers to a polypeptide fragment having antigenicity or immunogenicity in a mammal, preferably a human, and the minimum unit thereof consists of about 7 to 12 amino acids.
- the affinity constant Ka (k on / k off ) of the antibody of the present invention is preferably at least 10 7 M ⁇ 1 , at least 10 8 M ⁇ 1 , at least 5 ⁇ 10 8 M ⁇ 1 , at least 10 9 M ⁇ 1 , At least 5 ⁇ 10 9 M ⁇ 1 , at least 10 10 M ⁇ 1 , at least 5 ⁇ 10 10 M ⁇ 1 , at least 10 11 M ⁇ 1 , at least 5 ⁇ 10 11 M ⁇ 1 , at least 10 12 M ⁇ 1 , at least 10 Desirably 13 M -1 .
- the antibody of the present invention can be conjugated with an antitumor agent.
- the bond between the antibody and the antitumor agent is a group reactive with an amino group, carboxyl group, hydroxy group, thiol group (eg, succinimidyl group, formyl group, 2-pyridyldithio group, maleimidyl group, alkoxycarbonyl group). Group, hydroxy group, etc.).
- antitumor agents include the following antitumor agents known in the literature, such as paclitaxel, doxorubicin, daunorubicin, cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, 5-fluorouracil, thiotepa, busulfan, improsulfan, piperosulfan, benzodopa (benzodopa) ), Carbocone, metredopa, uredopa, uretopa, altreamine, triethylene melamine, triethylenephosphoramide, triethylenethiophosphoramide, trimethylolothromine , Camptothecin, bryostatin, calistatin callystatin), cryptophysin 1, cryptophycin 8, dolastatin, duocarmycin, eleuterine, panclastatin, sarcodictin, spongestatin, chlorambucine, chloronaphazine, cholophosphamide, cholophosphamide Ifosfamide,
- radioactive isotopes such as At 211 , I 131 , I 125 , Y 90 , Re 186 , Re 188 , Sm 153 , Bi 212 , P 32 , and Lu known in the literature are bound to the antibody of the present invention. It is also possible to do. It is desirable that the radioisotope is effective for tumor treatment and diagnosis.
- the antibody of the present invention is an antibody having immunological reactivity with CD179b or an antibody that specifically recognizes CD179b.
- the antibody should be an antibody having a structure such that little or no rejection is avoided in the subject animal to which it is administered.
- examples of such antibodies include human antibodies, humanized antibodies, chimeric antibodies (eg, human-mouse chimeric antibodies), single chain antibodies, bispecific antibodies and the like when the target animal is human.
- the heavy and light chain variable regions are derived from human antibodies, or the heavy and light chain variable regions are derived from non-human animal antibody complementarity determining regions (CDR1, CDR2 and CDR3).
- a framework region derived from a human antibody, or the variable regions of the heavy and light chains are derived from a non-human animal antibody, and the constant regions of the heavy and light chains are human antibodies. It is a recombinant antibody that is derived from. Preferred antibodies are the previous two antibodies.
- DNA encoding a monoclonal antibody against human CD179b (eg, human monoclonal antibody, mouse monoclonal antibody, rat monoclonal antibody, chicken monoclonal antibody, etc.) is cloned from antibody-producing cells such as hybridomas, and the light chain of the antibody is used as a template.
- DNA encoding the variable region and the heavy chain variable region was prepared by RT-PCR method, etc., and Kabat EU numbering system (Kabat et al., Sequences of Proteins of Immunological Interest, 5Th Ed. Public Health Service, National Institute ofHealth Based on Bethesda, Md.
- the sequences of the variable regions of the light and heavy chains or the sequences of CDR1, CDR2 and CDR3 are determined. Furthermore, DNA encoding each of these variable regions or DNA encoding each CDR is converted into a gene recombination technique (Sambrook et al., Molecular Molecular Cloning, Second Edition, Current Protocols in Molecular Molecular Biology (1989)) or DNA synthesizer. It is produced using.
- the human monoclonal antibody-producing hybridoma can be prepared by immunizing a human antibody-producing animal (for example, mouse) with human CD179b and then fusing spleen cells excised from the immunized animal with myeloma cells. . Separately from this, DNA encoding the variable region and constant region of the light chain or heavy chain derived from a human antibody is prepared as necessary using a gene recombination technique or a DNA synthesizer.
- the CDR sequence in the DNA encoding the light chain or heavy chain variable region derived from a human antibody is derived from a non-human animal (eg, mouse, rat, chicken, etc.) corresponding thereto.
- DNA encoding humanized antibody by preparing DNA substituted with CDR sequence of antibody and ligating DNA obtained thereby with DNA encoding constant region of light chain or heavy chain derived from human antibody, respectively Can be produced.
- DNA encoding the light chain or heavy chain variable region of an antibody derived from an animal other than a human is used.
- a DNA encoding a chimeric antibody can be prepared by linking with a DNA encoding a region.
- this antibody is an antibody in which a heavy chain variable region and a light chain variable region are linearly linked via a linker, DNA encoding the heavy chain variable region, DNA encoding the linker And a DNA encoding a light chain variable region can be combined to produce a DNA encoding a single chain antibody.
- each of the heavy chain variable region and the light chain variable region is derived from a human antibody, or only the CDR is replaced by the CDR of an antibody derived from a non-human animal (eg, mouse, rat, chicken, etc.). Derived from human antibodies.
- the linker is composed of 12 to 19 amino acids, and examples thereof include 15 amino acids (G 4 S) 3 (Kim, GB. Et al., Protein Engineering Design and Selection 2007, 20 (9): 425-432). .
- this antibody is an antibody that can specifically bind to two different epitopes, such as DNA encoding heavy chain variable region A, light chain variable region B.
- DNA, DNA encoding heavy chain variable region B, and DNA encoding light chain variable region A are joined in this order (however, DNA encoding light chain variable region B and DNA encoding heavy chain variable region B) Are linked via a DNA encoding a linker as described above), whereby a DNA encoding a bispecific antibody can be prepared.
- each of the heavy chain variable region and the light chain variable region is derived from a human antibody, or only the CDR is replaced by the CDR of an antibody derived from a non-human animal (eg, mouse, rat, chicken, etc.). Derived from human antibodies.
- Recombinant DNA produced as described above is incorporated into one or more appropriate vectors, introduced into host cells (eg, mammalian cells, yeast cells, insect cells, etc.), and (co) expressed (PJ Delves., ANTIBODY PRODUCTION ESSNIMAL TECHNIQUES., 1997 WILEY, P. Shepherd and C. Dean., Monoclonal Antibodies., 2000 OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS, JW Goding. Antibodies: principles and practice., 1993 ACADEMIC PRESS).
- host cells eg, mammalian cells, yeast cells, insect cells, etc.
- the antibody of the present invention produced by the above method includes, for example, the amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 103, 104 and 102 in the heavy chain variable region, and the amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 106, 107 and 108 in the light chain variable region. It is an antibody containing.
- the amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 103, 104 and 102 are CDR1, CDR2 and CDR3 of the mouse antibody heavy chain variable region, respectively
- the amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 106, 107 and 108 are respectively mouse antibody light chain CDR1, CDR2 and CDR3 of the variable region.
- the humanized antibody, chimeric antibody, single chain antibody or bispecific antibody of the present invention is, for example, the following antibody.
- variable region of the heavy chain comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NOs: 103, 104 and 102 and the amino acid sequence of the framework region derived from a human antibody
- variable region of the light chain is the amino acid of SEQ ID NOs: 106, 107 and 108
- An antibody comprising a sequence and an amino acid sequence of a framework region derived from a human antibody.
- variable region of the heavy chain comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NOs: 103, 104 and 102 and the amino acid sequence of the framework region derived from a human antibody
- constant region of the heavy chain comprises the amino acid sequence derived from a human antibody
- light chain variable region comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NOs: 106, 107 and 108 and the human antibody-derived framework region amino acid sequence
- the light chain constant region comprises the human antibody-derived amino acid sequence. antibody.
- variable region of the heavy chain comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 105
- constant region of the heavy chain comprises the amino acid sequence derived from a human antibody
- variable region of the light chain comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 109
- An antibody comprising a light chain constant region comprising an amino acid sequence derived from a human antibody.
- human IgG1 heavy chain constant region has registration number J00228, human IgG2 Registration number J00230 for the heavy chain constant region, registration number X03604 for the human IgG3 heavy chain constant region, registration number K01316 for the human IgG4 heavy chain constant region, registration numbers V00557, X64135, X64133, etc. for the human light chain kappa constant region
- sequences such as registration numbers X64132 and X64134 can be referred to.
- the antibody preferably has a cytotoxic activity, and can thereby exert an antitumor effect.
- a hybridoma capable of producing another human antibody or non-human animal antibody (eg, mouse antibody) against human CD179b is prepared, and the monoclonal antibody produced by the hybridoma is recovered, and has immunological binding properties and cytotoxic activity with human CD179b. It is determined whether or not the target antibody is used as an index. After identifying the target monoclonal antibody-producing hybridoma, DNAs encoding the variable regions of the heavy and light chains of the target antibody were prepared from the hybridoma and sequenced as described above. Use for production.
- the antibody of the present invention has the specificity of specifically recognizing CD179b, in the sequence of the framework region and / or the constant region of each antibody of (i) to (iv) above, Alternatively, there may be several (preferably 1 or 2) amino acid substitutions, deletions or additions. Here, several means 2 to 5, preferably 2 or 3.
- the present invention further provides DNA encoding the antibody of the present invention, DNA encoding the heavy chain or light chain of the antibody, or DNA encoding the variable region of the heavy chain or light chain of the antibody.
- DNA includes, for example, a DNA encoding a heavy chain variable region including a base sequence encoding the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NOs: 103, 104 and 102, and a base sequence encoding the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NOs: 106, 107 and 108 DNA encoding the light chain variable region, and the like.
- complementarity determining regions (CDRs) encoded by the DNA of these sequences are regions that determine the specificity of the antibody
- sequences that encode other regions of the antibody May be a sequence derived from another antibody.
- other antibodies include antibodies derived from organisms other than humans, but those derived from humans are preferable from the viewpoint of reducing side effects. That is, in the above DNA, the regions encoding the heavy chain and light chain framework regions and the constant regions preferably include a base sequence encoding a corresponding amino acid sequence derived from a human antibody.
- DNA encoding the antibody of the present invention is a DNA encoding a heavy chain variable region comprising a base sequence encoding the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 105, and a region encoding the light chain variable region is SEQ ID NO: 109.
- an example of the base sequence encoding the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 105 is the base sequence of SEQ ID NO: 110.
- An example of the base sequence encoding the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 109 is the base sequence of SEQ ID NO: 111.
- the region encoding each heavy chain and light chain constant region includes a base sequence encoding a corresponding amino acid sequence derived from a human antibody.
- the DNA of the present invention can be obtained, for example, by the above method or the following method.
- total RNA is prepared from a hybridoma related to the antibody of the present invention using a commercially available RNA extraction kit, and cDNA is synthesized by reverse transcriptase using a random primer or the like.
- the cDNA encoding the antibody is amplified by a PCR method using oligonucleotides having conserved sequences as primers.
- the sequence encoding the constant region can be obtained by amplifying a known sequence by the PCR method.
- the base sequence of DNA can be determined by a conventional method by incorporating it into a sequencing plasmid or phage.
- the anti-tumor effect of the anti-CD179b antibody used in the present invention on CD179b-expressing cancer cells is caused by the following mechanism.
- ADCC Effector cell antibody dependent cytotoxicity
- CDC Complement dependent cytotoxicity
- the activity evaluation of the anti-CD179b antibody used in the present invention is carried out by measuring the above ADCC activity or CDC activity against cancer cells expressing CD179b in vitro as specifically shown in the Examples below. Can be evaluated.
- the anti-CD179b antibody used in the present invention binds to the CD179b protein on cancer cells and exhibits antitumor action due to the above activity, it is considered useful for the treatment or prevention of cancer. That is, the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition for treating and / or preventing cancer comprising an anti-CD179b antibody as an active ingredient.
- the anti-CD179b antibody is used for the purpose of administering it to the human body (antibody treatment), it is preferable to use a human antibody or a humanized antibody in order to reduce immunogenicity.
- the binding constant Ka (k on / k off ) is preferably at least 10 7 M ⁇ 1 , at least 10 8 M ⁇ 1 , at least 5 ⁇ 10 8 M ⁇ 1 , at least 10 9 M ⁇ 1 , at least 5 ⁇ 10 9 M ⁇ 1 , at least 10 10 M ⁇ 1 , at least 5 ⁇ 10 10 M ⁇ 1 , at least 10 11 M ⁇ 1 , at least 5 ⁇ 10 11 M ⁇ 1 , at least 10 12 M -1, is preferably at least 10 13 M -1.
- the target of the pharmaceutical composition for the treatment and / or prevention of cancer of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a cancer (cell) expressing the CD179b gene, but preferably from the group consisting of leukemia, lymphoma and breast cancer Selected cancers (cells), including, for example, breast cancer, complex breast cancer, malignant mixed breast tumor, intraductal papillary carcinoma, mastocytoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, digestion Tubular lymphoma, digestive lymphoma, small to medium cell lymphoma, and the like are also included.
- the antibody or fragment thereof used in the present invention can be used for the cancer treatment and / or prevention method described above.
- the antibody used in the present invention when used as a pharmaceutical composition, it can be formulated by methods known to those skilled in the art. For example, it can be used parenterally in the form of a sterile solution with water or other pharmaceutically acceptable liquid, or an injection of suspension.
- a pharmacologically acceptable carrier or medium specifically, sterile water or physiological saline, vegetable oil, emulsifier, suspension, surfactant, stabilizer, flavoring agent, excipient, vehicle, preservative
- a pharmaceutical preparation by combining with a binder or the like as appropriate and mixing in a unit dosage form generally required for pharmaceutical practice. The amount of active ingredient in these preparations is such that an appropriate volume within the indicated range can be obtained.
- a sterile composition for injection can be formulated in accordance with normal pharmaceutical practice using a vehicle such as distilled water for injection.
- Aqueous solutions for injection include, for example, isotonic solutions containing physiological saline, glucose and other adjuvants such as D-sorbitol, D-mannose, D-mannitol and sodium chloride.
- Suitable solubilizers such as Alcohols, specifically ethanol, polyalcohols such as propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, nonionic surfactants such as polysorbate 80 (TM), HCO-60 may be used in combination.
- oily liquid examples include sesame oil and soybean oil, which may be used in combination with benzyl benzoate or benzyl alcohol as a solubilizing agent.
- oily liquid examples include sesame oil and soybean oil, which may be used in combination with benzyl benzoate or benzyl alcohol as a solubilizing agent.
- buffer for example, phosphate buffer, sodium acetate buffer, a soothing agent, for example, procaine hydrochloride, stabilizer, for example, benzyl alcohol, phenol, antioxidant.
- the prepared injection solution is usually filled into a suitable ampoule.
- Administration is oral or parenteral, preferably parenteral administration, and specific examples include injection, nasal administration, pulmonary administration, and transdermal administration.
- injection form it can be administered systemically or locally by, for example, intravenous injection, intramuscular injection, intraperitoneal injection, subcutaneous injection, or the like.
- the administration method can be appropriately selected depending on the age, symptoms, sex, etc. of the patient.
- the dosage of the pharmaceutical composition containing the antibody or fragment thereof can be selected, for example, in the range of 0.0001 mg to 1000 mg per kg of body weight at a time. Alternatively, for example, the dose can be selected in the range of 0.001 to 100,000 mg / body per patient, but is not necessarily limited to these values.
- the dose and administration method vary depending on the weight, age, symptoms, etc. of the patient, but can be appropriately selected by those skilled in the art.
- the present invention further provides the following polypeptides and DNAs related to the above-mentioned antibodies.
- V a heavy chain CDR polypeptide selected from the group consisting of the amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 103, 104 and 102, and DNA encoding the polypeptide.
- Vi a light chain CDR polypeptide selected from the group consisting of the amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 106, 107 and 108, and DNA encoding the polypeptide.
- polypeptides and DNA can be prepared using gene recombination techniques as described above.
- Example 1 Identification of novel cancer antigen protein by SEREX method (1) Preparation of cDNA library Totally by acid-guanidinium-phenol-chloroform method (Acid guanidinium-Phenol-Chloroform method) from canine mammary cancer tissue excised by surgery RNA was extracted, and polyA RNA was purified using Oligotex-dT30 mRNA purification kit (Takara Shuzo) according to the protocol attached to the kit.
- a canine mammary carcinoma-derived cDNA phage library was synthesized using the obtained mRNA (5 ⁇ g).
- the cDNA phage library was prepared using cDNA Synthesis Kit, ZAP-cDNA Synthesis Kit, ZAP-cDNA GigapackIII Gold Cloning Kit (manufactured by STRATAGENE) according to the protocol attached to the kit.
- the size of the prepared cDNA phage library was 2.99 ⁇ 10 5 pfu / ml.
- the membrane was collected, immersed in TBS (10 mM Tris-HCl, 150 mM NaCl pH 7.5) containing 0.5% nonfat dry milk, and shaken at 4 ° C. overnight to suppress nonspecific reaction.
- TBS 10 mM Tris-HCl, 150 mM NaCl pH 7.5
- This filter was reacted with serum of a patient dog diluted 500 times at room temperature for 2 to 3 hours.
- the serum pretreatment method is as follows. Specifically, ⁇ ZAP Express phage into which no foreign gene was inserted was infected with host E. coli (XL1-BLue MRF ′), and then cultured overnight at 37 ° C. on NZY plate medium. Next, a buffer of 0.2 M NaHCO 3 pH 8.3 containing 0.5 M NaCl was added to the plate and allowed to stand at 4 ° C. for 15 hours, and then the supernatant was recovered as an E.
- E. coli / phage extract was passed through an NHS-column (GE Healthcare Bio-Science) to immobilize the E. coli / phage derived protein.
- Serum dog serum was passed through and reacted with this protein-immobilized column, and antibodies adsorbed to E. coli and phage were removed from the serum.
- the serum fraction passed through the column was diluted 500 times with TBS containing 0.5% nonfat dry milk, and this was used as an immunoscreening material.
- phagemid host Escherichia coli prepared to have an absorbance OD 600 of 1.0 and 10 ⁇ l of the purified phage solution were mixed and reacted at 37 ° C. for 15 minutes, and 50 ⁇ l was treated with ampicillin (final concentration 50 ⁇ g / ml).
- SOLR phagemid host Escherichia coli
- the purified plasmid was analyzed for the full-length insert sequence by the primer walking method using the T3 primer set forth in SEQ ID NO: 94 and the T7 primer set forth in SEQ ID NO: 95.
- the gene sequences described in the even numbers of SEQ ID NOs: 4 to 92 were obtained.
- a homologous search program BLAST search http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/BLAST/) is performed using the base sequence and amino acid sequence of this gene (odd numbers of SEQ ID NOs: 5 to 93). As a result of the homology search, it was found that all 45 genes obtained were genes encoding CD179b.
- the homology among the 45 genes was 94 to 99% of the nucleotide sequence and 96 to 99% of the amino acid sequence.
- the homology of this gene with the gene encoding the human homologous factor was 62 to 82% of the base sequence and 69 to 80% of the amino acid sequence in the region translated into the protein.
- the base sequence of the human homologous factor is shown in SEQ ID NO: 1, and the amino acid sequences are shown in SEQ ID NOs: 2 and 3.
- Gene pool cDNA (manufactured by Invitrogen), QUICK-Clone cDNA (manufactured by Clontech) and Large-Insert cDNA Library (manufactured by Clontech) were used as cDNAs for normal human tissues (brain, hippocampus, testis, colon, placenta). .
- the PCR reaction was performed as follows using a primer specific for the obtained canine gene (described in SEQ ID NOs: 96 and 97) and a primer specific for the human homologous gene (described in SEQ ID NOs: 98 and 99).
- the gene-specific primers having the base sequences shown in SEQ ID NOs: 96 and 97 are those that amplify numbers 32 to 341 in the base sequence of SEQ ID NO: 4, A region common to all the canine CD179b genes shown was amplified.
- the gene-specific primer having the base sequences shown in SEQ ID NOs: 98 and 99 amplifies the region of bases 216 to 738 in the base sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1.
- a GAPDH specific primer (described in SEQ ID NOs: 100 and 101) was also used. As a result, as shown in FIG. 1, the obtained canine gene was not expressed at all in healthy dog tissues, whereas strong expression was seen in canine breast cancer tissues.
- reference number 1 on the vertical axis indicates the expression pattern of the gene identified above, and reference number 2 indicates the expression pattern of the GAPDH gene as a comparative control.
- the suspension was suspended in PBS containing 5 ⁇ l of FITC-labeled rabbit anti-mouse IgG2a monoclonal antibody (BD Pharmingen) and 95 ⁇ l of 0.1% fetal calf serum, and left on ice for 1 hour. After washing with PBS, the fluorescence intensity was measured with a FACS caliber from Becton Dickinson.
- the same operation as described above was prepared using mouse IgG2a Isotype control (MBL) instead of mouse anti-human CD179b antibody, and used as a control.
- the cells to which the anti-human CD179b antibody was added all had a fluorescence intensity of 10% or more higher than that of the control, and from this, the CD179b protein was expressed on the cell membrane surface of the human cancer cell line. It was confirmed.
- Example 2 Antitumor effect of antibody against CD179b on cancer cells (1) ADCC activity Next, it was examined whether an antibody against CD179b can damage tumor cells expressing CD179b. Evaluation was performed using a commercially available mouse antibody (clone name: GA170) against human CD179b. Three types of human leukemia cells in which expression of CD179b was confirmed in Example 1 (5), Namalwa, BDCM, and RPMI1788 (all purchased from ATCC) were collected in 10 6 50 ml centrifuge tubes, and 100 ⁇ Ci of chromium 51 And incubated at 37 ° C. for 2 hours.
- the cytotoxic activity was obtained by mixing the antibody against CD179b used in the present invention with 10 3 leukemia cell lines incorporating mouse lymphocytes and chromium 51 and culturing for 4 hours, It is the result of measuring the amount of chromium 51 released into the culture medium after culturing and showing the cytotoxic activity against each leukemia cell line calculated by the following calculation formula * .
- Cytotoxic activity (%) Amount of chromium 51 released from Namalwa, BDCM and RPMI1788 upon addition of antibody against CD179b and mouse lymphocytes ⁇ chrome 51 released from target cells added with 1N hydrochloric acid ⁇ 100.
- the cytotoxic activity is the result showing the cytotoxic activity against each leukemia cell line calculated by the following calculation formula * , as in (1) above.
- Cytotoxic activity (%) chromium 51 release from Namalwa, BDCM and RPMI1788 when antibody against CD179b and rabbit serum were added ⁇ chromium 51 release from target cells added with 1N hydrochloric acid ⁇ 100.
- Example 3 Production of Monoclonal Antibody (1) Preparation of antigen protein Human CD179b protein was prepared by a lipofection method for animal cells.
- the human CD179b gene (SEQ ID NO: 22) was introduced into the SRaIgG1Fc vector, which is a vector encoding the human IgG1Fc region, via the restriction enzyme sites XhoI and BamHI.
- the SRaIgG1Fc vector is a vector in which a gene of a human IgG1Fc region is introduced into a pcDL-SRa296 vector (manufactured by DNAX).
- plasmid was mixed with 60 ⁇ l of Lipofectamine 2000 (manufactured by Invitrogen), and OPTI-MEM (manufactured by Invitrogen) was further added to prepare a total volume of 3 ml, which was allowed to stand at room temperature for 20 minutes or more.
- 3 ml of the above-mentioned plasmid mixture was added to CHO-K1 cells prepared in advance in 2 ⁇ 10 6 cells / 12 ml OPTI MEM, cultured at 37 ° C. under 5% CO 2 for 8 hours or longer, and CHO-S-SFM medium ( The culture was replaced with 10 ml (Invitrogen) and cultured for 4 to 5 days.
- Protein A Sepharose HP manufactured by GE Healthcare. Protein A sepharose HP was fully equilibrated with 20 mM phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) /0.15 M NaCl (equilibration buffer / wash buffer), and the equilibration buffer was mixed 1: 1 with the culture supernatant. The solution was introduced. Next, after sufficiently washing with a washing buffer, elution was performed with 0.2 M Glycine buffer (pH 2.5). The eluate was neutralized by adding 1 M Tris (pH 9), and further buffer exchange operation was performed using 20 mM phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) /0.15 M NaCl by ultrafiltration, and human CD179b protein was obtained. Prepared.
- the obtained spleen cells and mouse myeloma cells SP2 / 0 (purchased from ATCC) were mixed at a ratio of 10: 1, and 200 ⁇ l of RPMI 1640 medium containing 10% fetal calf serum heated to 37 ° C. and PEG 1500 ( A PEG solution prepared by mixing 800 ⁇ l (manufactured by Boehringer) was added, and the mixture was allowed to stand for 5 minutes for cell fusion.
- the cells were suspended in 150 ml of RPMI 1640 medium (HAT selective medium) containing 15% fetal bovine serum to which 2% equivalent of Gibco's HAT solution was added, and a 96-well plate ( Nünku) 100 ⁇ l per well was seeded on 15 plates.
- RPMI 1640 medium HAT selective medium
- Gibco's HAT solution 2% equivalent of Gibco's HAT solution was added
- Hybridomas were selected using as an index the binding affinity of the antibody produced by the prepared hybridomas to the human CD179b protein.
- 100 ⁇ l of human CD179b protein solution 1 ⁇ g / ml prepared in (1) above was added per well of a 96-well plate and allowed to stand at 4 ° C. for 18 hours. Each well was washed three times with PBS-T, and then added with 400 ⁇ l of 0.5% BSA (Bovine Serum Albumin) solution (manufactured by Sigma) and allowed to stand at room temperature for 3 hours.
- BSA Bovine Serum Albumin
- hybridomas were added to the plate at a ratio of 0.5 per well of the 96-well plate and cultured. One week later, hybridomas forming a single colony in the well were observed. The cells in these wells were further cultured to obtain 60 cloned hybridoma lines.
- hybridoma strains were selected using as an index the binding affinity of the antibodies produced by the 60 hybridoma strains to leukemia cells.
- 100 ⁇ l of 1 mg / ml poly L lysine (manufactured by Sigma) -PBS solution was added to a 96-well plate and allowed to stand at room temperature for 30 minutes. The operation of removing the poly L lysine-PBS solution and filling each well with sterile distilled water was repeated three times, and then the plate was air-dried in a clean bench.
- Human leukemia cell line Namalwa in which expression of CD179b has been confirmed was suspended in PBS ( ⁇ ) at 10 6 cells / ml, 100 ⁇ l per well of the plate was added, and allowed to stand at room temperature for 15 minutes. . After centrifugation at 1700 rpm for 5 minutes, the supernatant was removed, and 0.05 ⁇ l glutaraldehyde (manufactured by Sigma) -PBS solution was added at 100 ⁇ l per well and allowed to stand at room temperature for 10 minutes. After the wells were washed 3 times with PBS-T, 300 ⁇ l of a 0.5% BSA solution was added per well and allowed to stand at 4 ° C. for 18 hours.
- the isotype of the anti-CD179b monoclonal antibody # 8 produced by the hybridoma strain # 8 selected above was determined by ELISA.
- a subisotyping kit manufactured by Cosmo Bio
- Example 4 Antitumor effect of anti-CD179b monoclonal antibody # 8 (1) Preparation of anti-CD179b monoclonal antibody # 8 Hybridoma strain # 8 was cultured with hybridoma SFM (Invitrogen). The culture solution was centrifuged at 1500 rpm for 10 minutes, and then passed through a filter system of 0.22 ⁇ m. For purification of the antibody, a Hitrap Protein A Sepharose FF (manufactured by GE Healthcare) column was used. The column was washed with PBS and equilibrated. Next, the culture supernatant was introduced into the column and then washed with PBS. Elution was carried out with 0.1MGlycine-HCl (pH 2.5) to obtain a purified antibody.
- Hybridoma strain # 8 was cultured with hybridoma SFM (Invitrogen). The culture solution was centrifuged at 1500 rpm for 10 minutes, and then passed through a filter system of 0.22 ⁇ m. For purification of the antibody,
- CDC activity Blood collected from rabbits was placed in an Eppendorf tube, allowed to stand at room temperature for 60 minutes, and then centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 5 minutes to prepare serum for measuring CDC activity. Collected Namalwa human leukemia cells in a centrifugal tube 106 50ml ml, incubated for 2 hours at 37 ° C. was added chromium 51 100 .mu.Ci, washed 3 times with RPMI medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum. Thereafter, the suspension was suspended in RPMI medium containing 50% of the rabbit serum prepared above, and 10 3 pieces were added per well of a 96-well V-bottom plate.
- anti-CD179b monoclonal antibody # 8 was added and cultured at 37 ° C. under 5% CO 2 for 4 hours. After the culture, the amount of chromium 51 in the culture supernatant released from the damaged tumor cells was measured, and the CDC activity against Namalwa cells by anti-CD179b monoclonal antibody # 8 was calculated. As a result, 30.5% of CDC activity was confirmed against Namalwa. On the other hand, when the same operation was performed using an isotype control (clone name: ME07), the above activity was not detected. Accordingly, it was revealed that anti-CD179b monoclonal antibody # 8 can damage tumor cells expressing CD179b by CDC activity.
- Antitumor effect in the mouse body Antitumor activity of the anti-CD179b monoclonal antibody # 8 in the tumor-bearing mouse body was evaluated.
- the antibody used was a column-purified culture supernatant of hybridoma strain # 8 as described above.
- Antitumor activity of anti-CD179b monoclonal antibody # 8 was evaluated using tumor-bearing mice transplanted with a human-derived cancer cell line expressing CD179b.
- 20 nude mice BALB / c Slc-nu / nu, derived from Japan SLC
- 10 6 Namalwa cells per mouse subcutaneously were transplanted with 10 6 Namalwa cells per mouse subcutaneously, and grown until the tumor was about 7 mm in diameter. I let you.
- 10 tumor-bearing mice 10 7 lymphocytes isolated from peripheral blood of BALB / c mice (BALB / c Cr Slc, derived from Japan SLC) and 300 ⁇ g of anti-tumor were used per mouse.
- CD179b monoclonal antibody # 8 was administered via the tail vein.
- tumors increased to about 180%, 220%, 350%, and 420% on the 8th day, the 11th day, the 17th day, and the 20th day, respectively (see FIG. 2). From this result, it was shown that the obtained anti-CD179b monoclonal antibody # 8 exerts a strong antitumor effect in vivo against cancer cells expressing CD179b.
- the size of the tumor was calculated by using a formula of major axis ⁇ minor axis ⁇ minor axis ⁇ 0.5.
- Example 5 Cloning of variable region gene of anti-CD179b monoclonal antibody # 8 mRNA was extracted from hybridoma strain # 8 and subjected to RT-PCR using primers specific for mouse leader sequence and IgG3 antibody constant region. The heavy chain variable (VH) region and light chain variable (VL) region genes of anti-CD179b monoclonal antibody # 8 were obtained. The genes were cloned into pCR2.1 vector (Invitrogen) for sequencing.
- RT-PCR MRNA was prepared from 10 6 hybridoma strains # 8 using mRNA micro purification kit (manufactured by GE Healthcare), and the resulting mRNA was reverse transcribed using SuperScript II 1st strand synthesis kit (manufactured by Invitrogen). cDNA was synthesized. These operations were performed according to the protocol attached to each kit.
- Antibody genes were amplified by PCR using the obtained cDNA.
- a primer specific to the mouse leader sequence SEQ ID NO: 112 and a primer specific to the mouse IgG3 constant region (SEQ ID NO: 113) were used.
- a primer specific to the mouse leader sequence SEQ ID NO: 114 and a primer specific to the mouse ⁇ chain constant region (SEQ ID NO: 115) were used to obtain the gene for the VL region.
- SEQ ID NO: 112 a primer specific to the mouse leader sequence
- SEQ ID NO: 115 a primer specific to the mouse ⁇ chain constant region
- a cDNA sample was added to 5 ⁇ l of 10 ⁇ EX Taq Buffer, 4 ⁇ l of dNTP Mixture (2.5 mM), 2 ⁇ l of each primer (1.0 ⁇ M) and 0.25 ⁇ l of Ex taq (5 units / ⁇ l), and the total amount was made 50 ⁇ l with sterilized water. After treatment at 94 ° C. for 2 minutes, denaturation at 94 ° C. for 1 minute, annealing at 58 ° C. for 30 seconds, and extension reaction at 72 ° C. for 1 minute were performed under 30 cycles.
- the antibody of the present invention is useful for the treatment and / or prevention of cancer.
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Abstract
Description
本発明で用いられるCD179bに対する抗体を取得するための感作抗原として使用されるタンパク質又はその断片は、ヒト、イヌ、ウシ、マウス、ラットなど、その由来となる動物種に制限されない。しかし細胞融合に使用する親細胞との適合性を考慮して選択することが好ましく、一般的には、哺乳動物由来のタンパク質が好ましく、特にヒト由来のタンパク質が好ましい。例えば、CD179bがヒトCD179bの場合、ヒトCD179bタンパク質やその部分ペプチド、ヒトCD179bを発現する細胞などを用いることができる。
抗体は通常少なくとも2本の重鎖及び2本の軽鎖を含むヘテロ多量体糖タンパク質である。IgMは別として、2本の同一の軽(L)鎖及び2本の同一の重(H)鎖で構成される約150kDaのヘテロ四量体糖タンパク質である。典型的には、それぞれの軽鎖は1つのジスルフィド共有結合により重鎖に連結されているが、種々の免疫グロブリンアイソタイプの重鎖間のジスルフィド結合の数は変動する。それぞれの重鎖及び軽鎖はまた鎖内ジスルフィド結合も有する。それぞれの重鎖は一方の端に可変ドメイン(VH領域)を有し、それにいくつかの定常領域が続く。それぞれ軽鎖は可変ドメイン(VL領域)を有し、その反対の端に1つの定常領域を有する。軽鎖の定常領域は重鎖の最初の定常領域と整列しており、かつ軽鎖可変ドメインは重鎖の可変ドメインと整列している。抗体の可変ドメインは特定の領域が相補性決定領域(CDR)と呼ばれる特定の可変性を示して抗体に結合特異性を付与する。可変領域の相対的に保存されている部分はフレームワーク領域(FR)と呼ばれている。完全な重鎖及び軽鎖の可変ドメインはそれぞれ3つのCDRにより連結された4つのFRを含む。3つのCDRは重鎖ではそのN末から順にCDRH1,CDRH2,CDRH3、同様に軽鎖ではCDRL1,CDRL2,CDRL3と呼ばれている。抗体の抗原への結合特異性には、CDRH3が最も重要である。また、各鎖のCDRはFR領域によって近接した状態で一緒に保持され、他方の鎖からのCDRと共に抗体の抗原結合部位の形成に寄与する。定常領域は抗体が抗原に結合することに直接寄与しないが、種々のエフェクター機能、例えば、抗体依存性細胞性細胞障害活性(ADCC)への関与、Fcγ受容体への結合を介した食作用、新生児Fc受容体(FcRn)を介した半減期/クリアランス速度、補体カスケードのC1q構成要素を介した補体依存性細胞障害(CDC)を示す。
本発明における抗CD179b抗体とは、CD179bタンパク質の全長又は断片と免疫学的反応性を有する抗体を意味する。ここで、「免疫学的反応性」とは、生体内で抗体とCD179b抗原とが結合する特性を意味し、このような結合を介して腫瘍を障害(例えば、死滅、抑制又は退縮)する機能、が発揮される。すなわち、本発明で使用される抗体は、CD179bタンパク質と結合して腫瘍、例えば白血病、リンパ腫及び乳癌、を障害することができるならば、その種類を問わない。
CD179b発現細胞の補体依存的細胞障害性(CDC)。
本発明の癌の治療及び/又は予防のための医薬組成物の標的は、CD179b遺伝子を発現している癌(細胞)であれば特に限定されないが、好ましくは白血病、リンパ腫、乳癌からなる群より選択される癌(細胞)であり、これらの癌には、例えば、乳腺癌、複合型乳腺癌、乳腺悪性混合腫瘍、乳管内乳頭状腺癌、肥満細胞腫、慢性型リンパ球性白血病、消化管型リンパ腫、消化器型リンパ腫、小~中細胞型リンパ腫、等も包含される。
本発明は更に、上記抗体に関わる以下のポリペプチド及びDNAも提供する。
(1)cDNAライブラリーの作製
手術により摘出したイヌの乳腺癌組織から酸-グアニジウム-フェノール-クロロホルム法(Acid guanidium-Phenol-Chloroform法)により全RNAを抽出し、Oligotex-dT30 mRNA purification Kit(宝酒造社製)を用いてキット添付のプロトコールに従ってポリA RNAを精製した。
上記作製したイヌ乳腺癌由来cDNAファージライブラリを用いて、イムノスクリーニングを行った。具体的にはΦ90×15mmのNZYアガロースプレートに2340クローンとなるように宿主大腸菌(XL1-Blue MRF')に感染させ、42℃、3~4時間培養し、溶菌斑(プラーク)を作らせ、IPTG(イソプロピル-β-D-チオガラクトシド)を浸透させたニトロセルロースメンブレン(Hybond C Extra: GE Healthecare Bio-Science社製)でプレートを37℃で4時間覆うことによりタンパク質を誘導・発現させ、メンブレンにタンパク質を転写した。その後メンブレンを回収し0.5%脱脂粉乳を含むTBS(10mM Tris-HCl,150mM NaCl pH7.5)に浸し4℃で一晩振盪することによって非特異反応を抑制した。このフィルターを500倍希釈した患犬血清と室温で2~3時間反応させた。
上記方法により単離した45個の陽性クローンを塩基配列解析に供するため、ファージベクターからプラスミドベクターに転換する操作を行った。具体的には宿主大腸菌(XL1-Blue MRF')を吸光度OD600が1.0となるよう調製した溶液200μlと、精製したファージ溶液250μl、さらにExAssist helper phage(STRATAGENE社製)1μlを混合した後37℃で15分間反応後、LB培地を3ml添加し37℃で2.5~3時間培養を行い、直ちに70℃の水浴にて20分間保温した後、4℃、1000×g、15分間遠心を行い上清をファージミド溶液として回収した。次いでファージミド宿主大腸菌(SOLR)を吸光度OD600が1.0となるよう調製した溶液200μlと、精製したファージ溶液10μlを混合した後37℃で15分間反応させ、50μlをアンピシリン(終濃度50μg/ml)含有LB寒天培地に播き37℃一晩培養した。トランスフォームしたSOLRのシングルコロニーを採取し、アンピシリン(終濃度50μg/ml)含有LB培地37℃にて培養後、QIAGEN plasmid Miniprep Kit(キアゲン社製)を使って目的のインサートを持つプラスミドDNAを精製した。
上記方法により得られた遺伝子に対しイヌ及びヒトの正常組織及び各種細胞株における発現をRT-PCR(Reverse Transcription-PCR)法により調べた。逆転写反応は以下の通り行なった。すなわち、各組織50~100mg及び各細胞株5~10×106個の細胞からTRIZOL試薬(invitrogen社製)を用いて添付のプロトコールに従い全RNAを抽出した。この全RNAを用いてSuperscript First-Strand Synthesis System for RT-PCR(invitrogen社製)により添付のプロトコールに従いcDNAを合成した。ヒト正常組織(脳、海馬、精巣、結腸、胎盤)のcDNAは、ジーンプールcDNA(invitrogen社製)、QUICK-Clone cDNA(クロンテック社製)及びLarge-Insert cDNA Library(クロンテック社製)を用いた。PCR反応は、取得したイヌ遺伝子に特異的なプライマー(配列番号96及び97に記載)及びそのヒト相同遺伝子に特異的なプライマー(配列番号98及び99に記載)を用いて以下の通り行った。すなわち、逆転写反応により調製したサンプル0.25μl、上記プライマーを各2μM、0.2mM各dNTP、0.65UのExTaqポリメラーゼ(宝酒造社製)となるように各試薬と添付バッファーを加え全量を25μlとし、Thermal Cycler(BIO RAD社製)を用いて、94℃-30秒、60℃-30秒、72℃-30秒のサイクルを30回繰り返して行った。なお、上記した配列番号96及び97に示す塩基配列を有する遺伝子特異的プライマーは、配列番号4の塩基配列中の32番~341番を増幅するものであり、配列番号4~92の偶数番号に示されるイヌCD179b遺伝子全てに共通の領域を増幅するものであった。また、配列番号98及び99に示す塩基配列を有する遺伝子特異的プライマーは配列番号1の塩基配列中の216番~738番塩基の領域を増幅するものであった。比較対照のため、GAPDH特異的なプライマー(配列番号100及び101に記載)も同時に用いた。その結果、図1に示すように、取得したイヌ遺伝子は、健常なイヌ組織では全く発現が見られず、一方イヌ乳癌組織で強い発現が見られた。ヒト相同遺伝子の発現では、ヒト正常組織で発現が確認できたのは骨髄のみで、ヒト癌細胞では白血病細胞株及び乳癌細胞株で発現が検出され、CD179bが白血病細胞株と乳癌細胞株に特異的に発現していることが確認された。
次にCD179b遺伝子の発現が確認された各癌細胞株について、その細胞表面上にCD179bタンパクが発現しているかどうかを調べた。上記で遺伝子発現が認められた各ヒト癌細胞株それぞれ106細胞を1.5mlのミクロ遠心チュ-ブにて遠心した。これに5μlのマウス抗ヒトCD179b抗体(クローン名:GA170、Santa Cruz Biotechnology社製)を添加し、さらに95μlの0.1%牛胎児血清を含むPBSで懸濁後、氷上で1時間静置した。PBSで洗浄した後、5μlのFITC標識ラビット抗マウスIgG2aモノクロ-ナル抗体(BD Pharmingen社製)及び95μlの0.1%牛胎児血清を含むPBSで懸濁し、氷上で1時間静置した。PBSで洗浄後、ベクトンディッキンソン株式会社のFACSキャリバーにて蛍光強度を測定した。一方、上記と同様の操作を、マウス抗ヒトCD179b抗体の代わりにマウスIgG2a Isotype control(MBL社製)を用いて調製し、コントロールとした。その結果、抗ヒトCD179b抗体を添加された細胞は、コントロールに比べて、いずれも蛍光強度が10%以上強く、このことから、上記ヒト癌細胞株の細胞膜表面上にCD179bタンパクが発現していることが確認された。
(1)ADCC活性
次にCD179bに対する抗体が、CD179bを発現する腫瘍細胞を障害することができるかどうかを検討した。市販のヒトCD179bに対するマウス抗体(クローン名:GA170)を用いて評価を行った。実施例1(5)でCD179bの発現が確認された3種類のヒト白血病細胞、Namalwa、BDCM及びRPMI1788(いずれもATCCから購入)をそれぞれ106個50ml容の遠心チューブに集め、100μCiのクロミウム51を加え37℃で2時間インキュベートした。その後10%牛胎児血清を含むRPMI培地で3回洗浄し、96穴V底プレート1穴あたり103個ずつ添加した。これにGA170をそれぞれ1μgずつ添加し、さらにマウスの脾臓から分離したリンパ球をそれぞれ2x105個ずつ添加して、37℃、5%CO2の条件下で4時間培養した。培養後、障害を受けた腫瘍細胞から放出される培養上清中のクロミウム51の量を測定し、GA170による各癌細胞に対するADCC活性を算出した。その結果、Namalwa、BDCM及びRPMI1788それぞれに対して、それぞれ32.6%、32.3%及び28.3%のADCC活性が確認された。一方、GA170のアイソタイプコントロール(クローン名:6H3)を用いて同様の操作を行ったところ、上記活性は検出されなかった。従って、CD179bに対する抗体を用いたADCC活性により、CD179bを発現する腫瘍細胞を障害することができることが明らかになった。
ウサギから採血した血液をエッペンドルフチューブに入れ、室温で60分間、静置した後3000rpmで5分間、遠心分離することで、CDC活性測定用の血清を調製した。3種類のヒト白血病細胞、Namalwa、BDCM及びRPMI1788をそれぞれ106個50ml容の遠心チューブに集め、100μCiのクロミウム51を加え37℃で2時間インキュベートした後、10%牛胎児血清を含むRPMI培地で3回洗浄した。その後上記で調製したウサギ血清を50%含むRPMI培地で懸濁し、96穴V底プレート1穴あたり103個ずつ添加した。これにGA170をそれぞれ1μgずつ添加して、37℃、5%CO2の条件下で4時間培養した。培養後、障害を受けた腫瘍細胞から放出される培養上清中のクロミウム51の量を測定し、GA170による各癌細胞に対するCDC活性を算出した。その結果、Namalwa、BDCM及びRPMI1788それぞれに対して、それぞれ30.5%、21.2%及び30.5%のCDC活性が確認された。一方、GA170のアイソタイプコントロール(クローン名:6H3)を用いて同様の操作を行ったところ、上記活性は検出されなかった。従って、CD179bに対する抗体を用いたCDC活性により、CD179bを発現する腫瘍細胞を障害することができることが明らかになった。
(1)抗原タンパクの調製
ヒトCD179bタンパクは動物細胞へのリポフェクション法により調製した。ヒトCD179b遺伝子(配列番号22)を制限酵素サイトXhoI及びBamHIを介して、ヒトIgG1Fc領域をコードするベクターであるSRaIgG1Fcベクターに導入した。SRaIgG1Fcベクターは、pcDL-SRa296ベクター(DNAX社製)に、ヒトIgG1Fc領域の遺伝子を導入したベクターである。次に、プラスミド24μgをLipofectamine2000 (インビトロジェン社製)60μlと混合し、さらにOPTI-MEM(インビトロジェン社製)を添加し、総量3mlになるように調製し室温で20分以上静置した。予め2×106cells/12mlOPTI MEMに調製したCHO-K1細胞に上述のプラスミドの混合液3mlを添加し、37℃、5%CO2条件下8時間以上培養し、CHO-S-SFM培地(インビトロジェン社製)10mlに置き換え4~5日培養を行った。得られた培養上清中に生産される抗原タンパクの精製をProteinA sepharose HP(GEヘルスケア社製)を用いて行った。ProteinA sepharose HPを20mMリン酸緩衝液(pH7.4)/0.15M NaCl(平衡化緩衝液・洗浄緩衝液)で十分に平衡化し、培養上清に平衡化緩衝液を1:1で混合した溶液を導入した。次に、洗浄緩衝液で十分に洗浄した後、0.2M Glycine 緩衝液(pH2.5)で溶出を行った。溶出液には1M Tris(pH9)を添加して中和し、さらに限外濾過により20mMリン酸緩衝液(pH7.4)/0.15M NaClを用いてバッファー交換操作を行い、ヒトCD179bタンパクを調製した。
(1)で調製した抗原タンパク(ヒトCD179bタンパク)100μgを等量のMPL+TDMアジュバント(シグマ社製)と混合し、これをマウス1匹当たりの抗原溶液とした。抗原溶液を6週齢Balb/cマウス(日本SLC社製)の腹腔内に投与後、1週間毎にさらに3回の投与を行い、免疫を完了した。最後の免疫から3日後に摘出した脾臓を、滅菌した2枚のスライドガラスに挟んで擂り潰し、PBS(-)(日水社製)を用いて洗浄し1500rpmで10分間遠心して上清を除去する操作を3回繰り返して脾臓細胞を得た。得られた脾臓細胞とマウスミエローマ細胞SP2/0(ATCCから購入)とを10:1の比率にて混和し、そこに37℃に加温した10%ウシ胎児血清を含むRPMI1640培地200μlとPEG1500(ベーリンガー社製)800μlを混和して調製したPEG溶液を加えて5分間静置して細胞融合を行った。1700rpmで5分間遠心し、上清を除去後、Gibco社製のHAT溶液を2%当量加えた15%ウシ胎児血清を含むRPMI1640培地(HAT選択培地)150mlで細胞を懸濁し、96穴プレート(ヌンク社製)各ウェル当たり100μlずつ、プレート15枚に播種した。7日間、37℃、5%CO2環境にて培養することで、脾臓細胞とミエローマ細胞が融合したハイブリドーマを得た。
作製したハイブリドーマが産生する抗体のヒトCD179bタンパクに対する結合親和性を指標にハイブリドーマを選抜した。上記(1)で調製したヒトCD179bタンパク溶液1μg/mlを96穴プレート1ウェル当たりに100μl添加し、4℃にて18時間静置した。各ウェルをPBS-Tで3回洗浄後、0.5%BSA(Bovine Serum Albumin)溶液(シグマ社製)を1ウェル当たり400μl添加して室温にて3時間静置した。溶液を除いて、1ウェル当たり400μlのPBS-Tでウェルを3回洗浄後、上記(2)で得られたハイブリドーマの各培養上清を1ウェル当たり100μl添加し、室温にて2時間静置した。PBS-Tで各ウェルを3回洗浄した後、PBSで5000倍に希釈したHRP標識抗マウスIgG(H+L)抗体(インビトロジェン社製)を1ウェル当たり100μl添加して室温にて1時間静置した。PBS-Tでウェルを3回洗浄した後、TMB基質溶液(Thermo社製)を1ウェル当たり100μl添加して15~30分間静置して発色反応を行った。発色後、1規定硫酸を1ウェル当たり100μl添加して反応を停止させ吸光度計を用いて450nm-595nmの吸光度値を測定した。その結果、吸光度値が最も高かった抗体を産生するハイブリドーマを選抜した。
(1)抗CD179bモノクローナル抗体#8の調製
ハイブリドーマ株#8をハイブリドーマSFM(インビトロジェン社製)により培養した。培養液は1500rpm 10min遠心後、フィルターシステム0.22μmに通した。抗体の精製には、Hitrap ProteinA SepharoseFF(GEヘルスケア社製)カラムを使用した。カラムをPBSで洗浄し、平衡化した。次に、培養上清をカラムに導入し、その後PBSにて洗浄を行った。0.1MGlycine-HCl(pH2.5)で溶出を行い、精製抗体を得た。
ADCC活性
抗CD179bモノクローナル抗体#8が、ヒトCD179bを発現する腫瘍細胞を障害することができるかどうかを検討した。ヒトCD179bの発現が確認されているヒト白血病細胞、Namalwaを106個50ml容の遠心チューブに集め、100μCiのクロミウム51を加え37℃で2時間インキュベートした。その後10%牛胎児血清を含むRPMI培地で3回洗浄し、96穴V底プレート1穴あたり103個ずつ添加した。これに抗CD179bモノクローナル抗体#8を2μg添加し、さらにマウスの脾臓から分離したリンパ球をそれぞれ2x105個ずつ添加して、37℃、5%CO2の条件下で4時間培養した。培養後、障害を受けた腫瘍細胞から放出される培養上清中のクロミウム51の量を測定し、抗CD179bモノクローナル抗体#8によるNamalwa細胞に対するADCC活性を算出した。その結果、Namalwaに対して、それぞれ60.6%のADCC活性が確認された。一方、アイソタイプコントロール(クローン名:ME07)を用いて同様の操作を行ったところ、上記活性は検出されなかった。従って、抗CD179モノクローナル抗体#8は、ADCC活性によりCD179bを発現する腫瘍細胞を障害することができることが明らかになった。
ウサギから採血した血液をエッペンドルフチューブに入れ、室温で60分間、静置した後3000rpmで5分間、遠心分離することで、CDC活性測定用の血清を調製した。ヒト白血病細胞であるNamalwaを106個50ml容の遠心チューブに集め、100μCiのクロミウム51を加え37℃で2時間インキュベートした後、10%牛胎児血清を含むRPMI培地で3回洗浄した。その後上記で調製したウサギ血清を50%含むRPMI培地で懸濁し、96穴V底プレート1穴あたり103個ずつ添加した。これに抗CD179bモノクローナル抗体#8を2μg添加して、37℃、5%CO2の条件下で4時間培養した。培養後、障害を受けた腫瘍細胞から放出される培養上清中のクロミウム51の量を測定し、抗CD179bモノクローナル抗体#8によるNamalwa細胞に対するCDC活性を算出した。その結果、Namalwaに対して、30.5%のCDC活性が確認された。一方、アイソタイプコントロール(クローン名:ME07)を用いて同様の操作を行ったところ、上記活性は検出されなかった。従って、抗CD179bモノクローナル抗体#8は、CDC活性によりCD179bを発現する腫瘍細胞を障害することができることが明らかになった。
抗CD179bモノクローナル抗体#8の担癌マウス生体内における抗腫瘍活性を評価した。使用した抗体は、上記と同様にハイブリドーマ株#8の培養上清をカラム精製したものを用いた。
ハイブリドーマ株#8からmRNAを抽出し、マウス・リーダー配列及びIgG3の抗体定常領域に特異的なプライマーを使用したRT-PCR法により、抗CD179bモノクローナル抗体#8の重鎖可変(VH)領域及び軽鎖可変(VL)領域の遺伝子を取得した。配列決定のために、それら遺伝子をpCR2.1ベクター(インビトロジェン社製)にクローニングした。
106個のハイブリドーマ株#8から、mRNA micro purification kit(GEヘルスケア社製)を用いてmRNAを調製し、SuperScriptII1st strand synthesis kit(インビトロジェン社製)を用いて、得られたmRNAを逆転写してcDNAを合成した。これら操作は各キットの添付プロトコールに従って行った。
VH領域の遺伝子取得のために、マウス・リーダー配列に特異的なプライマー(配列番号112)及びマウスIgG3定常領域に特異的なプライマー(配列番号113)を使用した。またVL領域の遺伝子取得のために、マウス・リーダー配列に特異的なプライマー(配列番号114)及びマウスκ鎖定常領域に特異的なプライマー(配列番号115)を使用した。これらプライマーはJones ST and Bending MM Bio/technology9,88-89(1991)を参考に設計した。PCRは、Ex-taq(タカラバイオ社製)を用いた。10×EX Taq Buffer5μl、dNTP Mixture(2.5mM)4μl、プライマー(1.0μM)各2μl,Ex taq(5units/μl)0.25μlにcDNAサンプルを加え、滅菌水により総量50μlとした。94℃で2分処理後、変性94℃1分、アニーリング58℃30秒、伸張反応72℃1分の組み合わせで30サイクルの条件で行った。
上記で得られた各PCR産物を用いてアガロースゲルにて電気泳動を行い、VH領域及びVL領域それぞれのDNAバンドを切り出した。DNA断片はQIAquickGelpurificationkit(キアゲン社製)を用いてその添付プロトコールに従って行った。精製した各DNAはTAクローニングキット(インビトロジェン社製)を用いてpCR2.1ベクターにクローニングした。連結したベクターをDH5aコンピテントセル(TOYOBO社製)に定法に従い形質転換を行った。各形質転換体それぞれ10クローンを培地(100μg/mlアンピシリン)で37℃一晩培養後、各プラスミドDNAをQiaspin Miniprep kit(キアゲン社製)を用いて精製した。
VH領域及びVL領域の遺伝子配列解析は、(2)のプラスミドDNAをM13フォワードプライマー(配列番号116)及びM13リバースプライマー(配列番号117)を用いて、蛍光シーケンサー(ABI社製DNAシーケンサー3130XL)により、ABI社製のビッグダイターミネーターver3.1サイクルシーケンシングキットを用いて、その添付プロトコールに従い行った。その結果、各々の遺伝子配列が決定された(各々10クローンで一致)。抗CD179bモノクローナル抗体#8のVH領域のアミノ酸配列を配列番号105に、VL領域のアミノ酸配列を配列番号109に示す。
配列番号95:T7プライマー
配列番号100及び101:GAPDHプライマー
配列番号116及び117:プライマー
Claims (14)
- 配列番号3で表されるアミノ酸配列、又は該アミノ酸配列と60%以上の配列同一性を有するアミノ酸配列、を有するCD179bタンパク質、又は連続する7以上のアミノ酸を含むその断片、と免疫学的反応性を有する抗体又はそのフラグメントを有効成分として含むことを特徴とする、癌の治療及び/又は予防のための医薬組成物。
- 前記癌が、乳癌、白血病又はリンパ腫である、請求項1に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記抗体が、モノクローナル抗体又はポリクローナル抗体である、請求項1又は2に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記抗体が、ヒト抗体、ヒト化抗体、キメラ抗体、単鎖抗体又は二重特異性抗体である、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 配列番号103、104及び102のアミノ酸配列を含む重鎖可変領域と配列番号106、107及び108のアミノ酸配列を含む軽鎖可変領域とを含む、かつ、CD179bタンパク質と免疫学的反応性を有する抗体。
- 配列番号105のアミノ酸配列を含む重鎖可変領域と配列番号109のアミノ酸配列を含む軽鎖可変領域とを含む、かつ、CD179bタンパク質と免疫学的反応性を有する抗体。
- ヒト化抗体、キメラ抗体、単鎖抗体又は二重特異性抗体である、請求項5又は6に記載の抗体。
- 前記抗体が、請求項5~7のいずれか1項に記載の抗体である、請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 配列番号3で表されるアミノ酸配列、又は該アミノ酸配列と60%以上の配列同一性を有するアミノ酸配列、を有するCD179bタンパク質、又は連続する7以上のアミノ酸を含むその断片、と免疫学的反応性を有する、請求項5~7のいずれか1項に記載の抗体又はそのフラグメントを用いた癌の治療及び/又は予防方法。
- 配列番号105のアミノ酸配列を含むポリペプチド。
- 配列番号109のアミノ酸配列を含むポリペプチド。
- 配列番号103、104及び102のアミノ酸配列からなる群から選択される、重鎖CDRポリペプチド。
- 配列番号106、107及び108のアミノ酸配列からなる群から選択される、軽鎖CDRポリペプチド。
- 請求項10~13のいずれか1項に記載のポリペプチドをコードするDNA。
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US20200247888A1 (en) | 2020-08-06 |
HUE028589T2 (en) | 2016-12-28 |
BRPI0910509A2 (pt) | 2015-09-29 |
ES2575430T3 (es) | 2016-06-28 |
DK2305300T3 (en) | 2016-06-06 |
US20110129478A1 (en) | 2011-06-02 |
AU2009270181A1 (en) | 2010-01-14 |
BRPI0910509B8 (pt) | 2021-05-25 |
PT2305300E (pt) | 2016-06-16 |
PL2305300T3 (pl) | 2016-09-30 |
RU2533460C2 (ru) | 2014-11-20 |
EP2305300A4 (en) | 2011-11-02 |
CN102089004A (zh) | 2011-06-08 |
US10611835B2 (en) | 2020-04-07 |
RU2011104709A (ru) | 2012-08-20 |
CA2730201A1 (en) | 2010-01-14 |
US11993650B2 (en) | 2024-05-28 |
AU2009270181B2 (en) | 2014-05-29 |
BRPI0910509B1 (pt) | 2021-05-04 |
EP2305300B1 (en) | 2016-04-06 |
KR20110039423A (ko) | 2011-04-18 |
JPWO2010005068A1 (ja) | 2012-01-05 |
CN102089004B (zh) | 2018-06-01 |
JP5573156B2 (ja) | 2014-08-20 |
CA2730201C (en) | 2019-02-05 |
KR101669834B1 (ko) | 2016-10-27 |
MX2011000117A (es) | 2011-02-25 |
EP2305300A1 (en) | 2011-04-06 |
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