WO2009153834A1 - 半導体装置とその製造方法 - Google Patents
半導体装置とその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2009153834A1 WO2009153834A1 PCT/JP2008/001579 JP2008001579W WO2009153834A1 WO 2009153834 A1 WO2009153834 A1 WO 2009153834A1 JP 2008001579 W JP2008001579 W JP 2008001579W WO 2009153834 A1 WO2009153834 A1 WO 2009153834A1
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- interlayer insulating
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
- H01L23/52—Arrangements for conducting electric current within the device in operation from one component to another, i.e. interconnections, e.g. wires, lead frames
- H01L23/522—Arrangements for conducting electric current within the device in operation from one component to another, i.e. interconnections, e.g. wires, lead frames including external interconnections consisting of a multilayer structure of conductive and insulating layers inseparably formed on the semiconductor body
- H01L23/532—Arrangements for conducting electric current within the device in operation from one component to another, i.e. interconnections, e.g. wires, lead frames including external interconnections consisting of a multilayer structure of conductive and insulating layers inseparably formed on the semiconductor body characterised by the materials
- H01L23/53204—Conductive materials
- H01L23/53209—Conductive materials based on metals, e.g. alloys, metal silicides
- H01L23/53228—Conductive materials based on metals, e.g. alloys, metal silicides the principal metal being copper
- H01L23/53238—Additional layers associated with copper layers, e.g. adhesion, barrier, cladding layers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/70—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/71—Manufacture of specific parts of devices defined in group H01L21/70
- H01L21/768—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics
- H01L21/76801—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics characterised by the formation and the after-treatment of the dielectrics, e.g. smoothing
- H01L21/76802—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics characterised by the formation and the after-treatment of the dielectrics, e.g. smoothing by forming openings in dielectrics
- H01L21/76807—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics characterised by the formation and the after-treatment of the dielectrics, e.g. smoothing by forming openings in dielectrics for dual damascene structures
- H01L21/76808—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics characterised by the formation and the after-treatment of the dielectrics, e.g. smoothing by forming openings in dielectrics for dual damascene structures involving intermediate temporary filling with material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/70—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/71—Manufacture of specific parts of devices defined in group H01L21/70
- H01L21/768—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics
- H01L21/76838—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics characterised by the formation and the after-treatment of the conductors
- H01L21/76877—Filling of holes, grooves or trenches, e.g. vias, with conductive material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/70—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/71—Manufacture of specific parts of devices defined in group H01L21/70
- H01L21/768—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics
- H01L21/76838—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics characterised by the formation and the after-treatment of the conductors
- H01L21/76877—Filling of holes, grooves or trenches, e.g. vias, with conductive material
- H01L21/76883—Post-treatment or after-treatment of the conductive material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
- H01L23/52—Arrangements for conducting electric current within the device in operation from one component to another, i.e. interconnections, e.g. wires, lead frames
- H01L23/522—Arrangements for conducting electric current within the device in operation from one component to another, i.e. interconnections, e.g. wires, lead frames including external interconnections consisting of a multilayer structure of conductive and insulating layers inseparably formed on the semiconductor body
- H01L23/532—Arrangements for conducting electric current within the device in operation from one component to another, i.e. interconnections, e.g. wires, lead frames including external interconnections consisting of a multilayer structure of conductive and insulating layers inseparably formed on the semiconductor body characterised by the materials
- H01L23/53204—Conductive materials
- H01L23/53209—Conductive materials based on metals, e.g. alloys, metal silicides
- H01L23/53228—Conductive materials based on metals, e.g. alloys, metal silicides the principal metal being copper
- H01L23/53233—Copper alloys
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
- H01L23/48—Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the solid state body in operation, e.g. leads, terminal arrangements ; Selection of materials therefor
- H01L23/482—Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the solid state body in operation, e.g. leads, terminal arrangements ; Selection of materials therefor consisting of lead-in layers inseparably applied to the semiconductor body
- H01L23/485—Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the solid state body in operation, e.g. leads, terminal arrangements ; Selection of materials therefor consisting of lead-in layers inseparably applied to the semiconductor body consisting of layered constructions comprising conductive layers and insulating layers, e.g. planar contacts
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/0001—Technical content checked by a classifier
- H01L2924/0002—Not covered by any one of groups H01L24/00, H01L24/00 and H01L2224/00
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a semiconductor device and a manufacturing method thereof, and more particularly to a semiconductor device having a wiring added with a metal exhibiting a migration suppressing function and a manufacturing method thereof.
- a delay of a signal propagating through the wiring is becoming a dominant factor regulating the operation speed of the logic circuit.
- the delay of the signal propagating through the wiring is related to the product of the wiring resistance and the parasitic capacitance between the wirings.
- wiring resistance and parasitic capacitance between wirings tend to increase.
- it is effective to reduce wiring resistance and reduce parasitic capacitance.
- it is effective to use an interlayer insulating film having a low dielectric constant.
- low dielectric constant insulating materials inorganic low dielectric constant insulating materials such as porous silica and SiOC, and organic low dielectric constant insulating materials such as SiLK (registered trademark) manufactured by The Dow Chemical Company are known. . These are materials containing silicon (Si) and oxygen (O) and having a dielectric constant lower than that of SiO.
- a technique using copper (Cu) having a low resistivity as a wiring material instead of aluminum (Al) has been put into practical use. It is difficult to pattern the copper layer with high accuracy using photolithography and etching. Therefore, a damascene method is generally employed in which a recess for wiring is formed in the insulating layer, a copper layer is embedded, and unnecessary portions on the insulating layer are removed by chemical mechanical polishing (CMP).
- CMP chemical mechanical polishing
- copper has the property of diffusing into the insulating film.
- the insulating film in which copper diffuses deteriorates the insulating characteristics.
- a conductive barrier (barrier metal) layer such as TiN or Ta having a copper diffusion suppressing function is first formed in the wiring recess by sputtering, and a plating copper seed layer is sputtered thereon.
- a copper layer to be a main wiring layer is formed on the copper seed layer by plating, and an unnecessary metal layer is removed by CMP.
- An insulating copper diffusion prevention film such as SiN or SiC is formed to cover the copper wiring.
- Electromigration in which aluminum atoms are migrated by an electric current in an aluminum wiring is known. Copper is said to be less susceptible to electromigration than aluminum. However, electromigration also occurs in copper wiring. Even if the Al wiring is changed to the Cu wiring, a phenomenon that a large current as expected from the bulk value cannot flow is generated. The upper surface of the copper wiring is covered with an insulating copper diffusion prevention film, but the adhesion of the copper diffusion prevention film to the copper layer is low.
- the barrier metal layer and the copper wiring layer form a good interface, but the insulating copper diffusion prevention film and the copper wiring layer cannot form a good interface.
- the adhesion between the insulating copper diffusion prevention film and the copper wiring layer is poor, and copper atoms at the interface are likely to move, and it is considered that interface diffusion is likely to occur. It is believed that when atoms begin interfacial diffusion, copper atoms adjacent to the void move in volume, and voids are generated and grow when the volume-moving copper atoms are insufficient.
- the wiring resistance tends to increase.
- the resistivity of copper added with about 2 wt% of Al increases by about 20 to 30% compared to pure copper.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a semiconductor device including a wiring capable of suppressing migration and improving reliability while suppressing an increase in resistance value, and a manufacturing method thereof.
- FIGS. 1A and 1C-1F are cross-sectional views of a semiconductor substrate
- FIGS. 1B, 1G and 1H are semiconductors, respectively. It is a top view of a board
- FIGS. 2A to 2C are cross-sectional views showing the manufacturing process of the lower layer structure of the semiconductor device
- FIGS. 2D and 2E are cross-sectional views showing the wiring structure forming process.
- 3A and 3B are a perspective view and a plan view showing a configuration of a via chain according to an example according to the embodiment, and FIG.
- FIG. 3C is a plan view of a via chain according to a comparative example.
- FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a configuration of a via chain according to a modification.
- 5A and 5B are cross-sectional views showing a wiring structure forming process according to another embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a graph showing the diffusion coefficients of various metal impurities in copper and the resistivity of copper added with 0.05 wt% of metal impurities.
- the wiring width decreases and the current density in the wiring tends to increase.
- migration in the copper wiring cannot be ignored.
- migration in the copper wiring will be a greater problem.
- Migration can be suppressed by adding metal atoms having a migration suppressing function such as Al and Ag to the copper wiring.
- metal atoms having a migration suppressing function such as Al and Ag to the copper wiring.
- the resistance value increases by as much as 10% due to the addition of metal atoms having a migration suppressing function.
- a metal atom having a migration suppressing function is added to a downstream side of the via conductor, which is a connection portion between wirings of different levels (heights), with respect to the electron flow. It can be expected that the generation of voids can be suppressed at portions where voids are likely to be generated, and that the increase in resistance value will be suppressed by the addition portion being limited to a part of the wiring.
- 2A to 2C are cross-sectional views of the semiconductor substrate showing the manufacturing process of the lower layer structure of the semiconductor device. These are known techniques.
- an element isolation region 102 by shallow trench isolation (STI) is formed on a silicon substrate 101 to define an active region surrounded by the element isolation region 102.
- the element isolation region is formed, for example, by a dense insulating region formed by depositing a silicon oxide film by high density plasma chemical vapor deposition (HDP-CVD) in an element isolation trench and annealing.
- a p-type impurity and an n-type impurity are selectively ion-implanted into the active region and activated to form a p-type well PW and an n-type well NW.
- the p-type well PW constitutes an n-channel MOS transistor (NMOS) region
- the n-type well NW constitutes a p-channel MOS transistor (PMOS) region.
- the surface of the active region is thermally oxidized to grow a silicon oxide film having a thickness of, for example, about 1.5 nm to 10 nm, and nitrogen is introduced into the silicon oxide film as necessary to form the gate insulating film 103.
- a silicon film of amorphous silicon or polysilicon is deposited on the gate insulating film 103 by CVD, and the silicon film is patterned by etching using a photoresist mask to form gate electrode patterns Gn and Gp.
- the NMOS region and the PMOS region are selected by a photoresist pattern, n-type impurities are ion-implanted shallowly in the NMOS region, an n-type extension region EXn is formed, and p-type impurities are ion-implanted shallowly in the PMOS region to form a p-type extension region EXp. Form. Impurities are also implanted into the gate electrode.
- an insulating film such as a silicon oxide film is deposited by CVD, and anisotropic etching such as reactive ion etching (RIE) is performed to form sidewall spacers SW only on the side walls of the gate electrodes Gn and Gp. leave.
- anisotropic etching such as reactive ion etching (RIE)
- the NMOS region and the PMOS region are selected by a photoresist pattern, n-type impurity is ion-implanted at a high concentration and deeply into the NMOS region, and a low-resistance n-type source / drain region S / Dn is formed, and a p-type impurity is formed in the PMOS region Are deeply implanted at a high concentration to form a low resistance p-type source / drain region S / Dp. Impurities are also implanted into the gate electrode.
- an etch stopper layer ES1 such as SiN or SiC
- a lower interlayer insulating film IL1 of a silicon oxide insulating film such as phosphosilicate glass (PSG) are deposited by CVD so as to cover the gate electrode. Polishing (CMP) is performed to flatten the surface.
- an etch stopper layer ES2 such as SiC or SiN can be stacked on the lower interlayer insulating film IL1.
- the etch stopper layers ES1 and ES2 can also be regarded as a part of the lower interlayer insulating film IL1.
- the etch stopper layer ES2 and the lower interlayer insulating film IL1 are etched using a photoresist mask having a contact hole-shaped opening, and the etching is stopped at the etch stopper layer ES1.
- the exposed etch stopper layer ES1 is etched to form a contact hole exposing the silicon surface.
- the photoresist mask is removed.
- the etch stopper layers ES1 and ES2 are referred to as a lower interlayer insulating film IL1.
- a barrier metal film 105 such as TiN is formed on the inner surface of the contact hole that penetrates the lower interlayer insulating film IL1, and a W film 106 is grown on the blanket by CVD.
- An unnecessary metal film on the lower interlayer insulating film IL1 is removed by CMP. In this way, the conductive plug PL is embedded in the lower interlayer insulating film IL1.
- an interlayer insulating film IL2 is formed on the lower interlayer insulating film IL1, and a first metal wiring M1 of copper is embedded. This process will be described in more detail with reference to FIGS. 1A-1H.
- a SiC layer having a thickness of 10 nm is deposited by CVD as an etch stopper layer ES, and then an interlayer insulating film 11 of SiOC is deposited by CVD to a thickness of about 300 nm.
- the lower layer structure 10 includes a semiconductor element and a conductive plug shown in FIG. 2C.
- wiring trenches TR1 and TR2 having a width of 90 nm and a rectangular impurity addition recess RC having a square of 400 nm are arranged.
- the wiring trench TR1 has a lower end in the drawing and extends upward.
- the wiring trench TR2 does not have an end portion in the drawing and extends upward from below.
- the impurity doping recess RC is formed so as to be close to the lower end region of the wiring trench TR1 and to have a side parallel to the side of the wiring trench TR1 through a distance of 90 nm, for example.
- the wiring trench TR2 is sufficiently separated from the impurity addition recess RC, and is arranged, for example, at least four times the distance between the impurity addition recess RC and the wiring trench TR1.
- the wiring trenches TR1 and TR2 having a depth of 300 nm and the impurity addition recess RC are etched through the interlayer insulating film 11.
- a barrier metal film 13 formed of, for example, a Ta layer having a thickness of about 10 nm is formed by sputtering so as to cover the surface of these recesses, and a copper seed layer 14 having a thickness of 100 nm on the field surface is further formed by sputtering. Form a film. In the trench, the film thickness is 1/3 or less due to the difference in coverage.
- a copper wiring layer 15 is formed on the flat portion with a thickness of about 200 nm by electrolytic plating.
- the copper wiring layer 15 is grown from the bottom up using an electrolytic plating solution containing an accelerator, a suppressor, and a leveler.
- the bottom-up growth is a growth in which a narrow wiring is preferentially plated over a wide wiring.
- the embedding of the recess RC for impurity addition is not completed, and a recess reflecting the recess RC is formed on the upper surface of the copper wiring layer 15.
- An Al-added copper layer 16 to which Al is added by 1.0 wt% is formed on the copper wiring layer 15 by, for example, physical vapor deposition (PVD) to a thickness of about 500 nm.
- PVD physical vapor deposition
- Al has a function of suppressing migration when added to the copper layer.
- the Al-added copper layer can also be formed by a film forming method other than PVD, such as plating or CVD.
- CMP is performed from the upper surface of the Al-added copper layer 16, the Al-added copper layer 16 disappears above the flat portion and the wiring trench, and the copper wiring layer 15 has a thickness of about 200 nm on the flat portion. Polish until remaining. Above the impurity addition recess RC, the Al-added copper layer 16 remains in the recess.
- heat treatment for diffusing Al is performed with the Al-added copper layer 16 remaining above the impurity-added recess.
- annealing (thermal) treatment is performed at 350 ° C. for 3 minutes. Al diffusion from the Al-added copper layer 16 into the copper wiring layer 15 proceeds rapidly, and Al diffuses into the copper wiring layer 15 in the vicinity of the impurity addition recess RC. Al is also diffused into the copper wiring layer 15 in the wiring trench TR1.
- the boundary between the Al-added copper layer 16 and the copper wiring layer 15 may disappear.
- both layers are collectively referred to as a copper layer 15. Since the wiring trench TR2 is sufficiently separated from the impurity addition recess RC, the wiring trench TR2 is not substantially subjected to Al diffusion.
- CMP of the copper layer 15 is performed from above to expose the surface of the interlayer insulating film 11.
- a damascene wiring layer 18 including a copper layer in which Al is diffused is buried in the wiring trench TR1.
- a damascene wiring layer 17 including a copper layer in which Al is not substantially diffused is buried in the wiring trench TR2.
- a damascene structure 19 including a copper layer having an Al concentration higher than that of the copper layer of the damascene wiring layer 18 is embedded in the impurity addition recess RC.
- an insulating copper diffusion prevention film 21 such as SiC or SiN is deposited on the interlayer insulating film 11 by CVD or the like so as to cover the damascene wiring layer and the damascene structure.
- FIG. 1G is a plan view showing a state in which a damascene wiring and a damascene structure are formed.
- a copper damascene wiring layer 17 that has not undergone Al diffusion is indicated by a left-down hatching
- a copper damascene wiring layer 18 and a damascene structure 19 that have undergone Al diffusion are indicated by a right-down hatching.
- the Al diffusion source can be considered as a damascene structure 19 in the impurity addition recess. Diffusion is considered to proceed in almost all directions and can be approximated by a circle.
- the Al concentration in the copper damascene wiring 18 decreases according to the distance from the center of the damascene structure 19. Diffusion does not reach a position far from the damascene structure 19. Therefore, it can be said that Al is added only locally in the damascene wiring.
- An Al concentration gradient exists in the copper damascene wiring 18.
- an etch stopper layer ES3, an insulating film IL3, an etch stopper layer ES4, an insulating film IL4, and an insulating hard mask layer HM are stacked on the interlayer insulating film IL2 so as to cover the first metal wiring M1.
- the etch stopper layers ES3 and ES4 are made of, for example, SiC or SiN.
- the insulating layers IL3 and IL4 are made of, for example, an inorganic or organic low dielectric constant insulating material.
- the hard mask layer HM can be formed by stacking a silicon oxide film and a silicon carbide (SiC) film or the like.
- the pseudo via hole penetrating the hard mask layer HM, the insulating layer IL4, the etch stopper layer ES4, and the insulating layer IL3 is etched.
- the photoresist mask is removed, the pseudo via hole is filled with the same material as the resist, a new photoresist mask is formed, and the pseudo wiring trench penetrating the hard mask layer HM and the insulating layer IL4 is etched.
- the photoresist mask and the filling are removed, the pseudo-wiring trench and the etch stopper layer remaining on the bottom surface of the pseudo-via hole are removed, and the pseudo-wiring trench is used as the wiring trench, and the pseudo-via hole is used as the via hole.
- a barrier metal layer and a copper seed layer are sputtered on the side and bottom surfaces of the wiring trench and via hole, and a copper layer is plated on the copper seed layer.
- the unnecessary metal layer on the hard mask layer HM is removed by CMP to form the second metal wiring M2.
- FIG. 3A is a perspective view schematically showing the structure of the created via chain sample.
- the via chain was formed by a first copper wiring pattern M1 having a stripe shape having a width of 90 nm, and a second copper wiring pattern M2 including a stripe wiring pattern having a width of 90 nm and a via conductor VC.
- the copper wiring patterns M1 and M2 have a shape in which the barrier metal covers the side and bottom surfaces of the copper wiring.
- 400 nm ⁇ 400 nm impurity-added recesses RC 1 and RC 2 are provided at both sides downstream of the via conductor VC at a distance of 90 nm from the wirings M 1 and M 2.
- Impurity Al diffuses locally in the vicinity of the region sandwiched by the impurity addition recess RC1 (RC2) of the copper wiring pattern M1 (M2). Since the bottom surface of the via conductor VC is provided with the barrier metal film, even if the copper atomic grains are about to move, the via conductor VC is blocked by the barrier metal film. For this reason, if an atomic flow of copper is generated on the downstream side of the via conductor VC, it causes a void. In order to suppress the copper atomic flow, impurity addition recesses RC1 and RC2 are formed on the downstream side of the via conductor VC, and Al, which is an impurity having a function of suppressing migration, is added to the wirings M1 and M2. Since impurities are added only in the vicinity of the vias, it is expected that the increase in wiring resistance is small compared to the case where impurities are added to the entire wiring.
- FIG. 3B is a plan view showing the configuration of the via chain sample.
- the first copper wiring M1 and the second copper wiring M2 are connected by the via conductor VC.
- the total length of the via chain is about 1 mm
- the via interval is set to three types of 5 ⁇ m, 20 ⁇ m, and 86 ⁇ m
- the number of vias is 4, 6, and 10, respectively.
- the impurity doping recesses RC1 and RC2 have a square shape of 400 nm square and are spaced from the copper wirings M1 and M2 by 90 nm.
- FIG. 3C is a plan view showing the shape of a via chain sample without impurities added for comparison. Compared with the via chain sample shown in FIG. 3B, the impurity addition recesses RC1 and RC2 are not provided.
- Electromigration resistance was evaluated using time T50 when the cumulative failure rate reached 50%. Compared to the comparative sample without addition of impurities (FIG. 3C), the electromigration lifetime T50 of the via chain sample to which impurities were added (FIG. 3B) was extended by about 1.5 times. It can be seen that the electromigration resistance was improved by the addition of impurities. In the comparative sample shown in FIG. 3C, disconnection was found near the via conductor.
- Copper electromigration does not occur only in the vicinity of vias.
- a void may be generated even at an intermediate position between the via conductor and the via conductor.
- FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a via chain structure according to a modification.
- the first copper wiring M1 and the second copper wiring M2 are connected via the via conductor VC.
- the two copper wirings M1 and M2 on the right side have a very long wiring length.
- the impurity doping recesses RC1 and RC2 are disposed in the vicinity of the via conductor, but also the impurity doping recesses RC1X and RC1Y and RC2X and RC2Y are disposed at intermediate positions. Even when the impurity doping recess is disposed near the middle position of the wiring, only a part of the wiring length is added with the impurity, and the resistance increase of the wiring is small. Impurity addition is not limited to diffusion only.
- 5A and 5B are cross-sectional views of a semiconductor substrate showing an impurity addition step according to another embodiment.
- an interlayer insulating film IL1 is formed on the lower structure 10, a wiring trench is formed, and the first copper wiring M1 is embedded.
- a photoresist pattern PR is formed on the interlayer insulating film IL1 in which the first copper wiring M1 is embedded, and an opening that locally exposes the wiring M1 is formed. Impurities such as Al are ion-implanted using the photoresist pattern PR as a mask.
- the photoresist pattern PR is removed, and an insulating copper diffusion prevention film 21 such as SiC is formed on the interlayer insulating film IL1 so as to cover the surface of the copper wiring M1. .
- a heat treatment is performed to diffuse the implanted ions before or after the formation of the insulating copper diffusion preventing film.
- FIB focused ion beam
- ⁇ ⁇ Impurities having the function of suppressing migration are not limited to Al.
- FIG. 6 is a graph showing the relationship between the diffusion coefficient when various impurity metals are introduced into copper and the resistivity of the copper film when 0.05 wt% impurity elements are introduced into copper.
- the horizontal axis indicates the diffusion coefficient, and the vertical axis indicates the resistivity.
- any of the elements, Zn, Ag, Cd, Sn, Al, Mn, Cr, Pd, Si, Ti, or a combination thereof appearing in a region surrounded by a square is used as an impurity having a function of suppressing migration. preferable.
- the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiments, the present invention is not limited thereto.
- the shape of the impurity doping recess and the distance from the wiring can be variously changed.
- the size of the impurity addition recess, the distance from the wiring, and the impurity concentration of the impurity-added copper layer can be selected. It is also possible to select a heat treatment condition for impurity diffusion. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that other various modifications, improvements, combinations, and the like are possible.
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Abstract
Description
複数個の半導体素子が形成された半導体基板と、
前記半導体基板上方に積層された複数の層間絶縁膜と、
前記複数の層間絶縁膜の1つである第1レベルの層間絶縁膜に形成された第1レベルの第1の配線用トレンチと、
前記第1の配線用トレンチの側面と底面を覆って形成され、第1の主配線用トレンチを画定する、拡散防止機能を有する第1のバリアメタル膜と、前記第1の主配線用トレンチを埋め、第1の金属元素で形成され、マイグレーション抑制機能を有する第2の金属元素が場所的に異なる濃度で添加された第1の主配線層とを含む第1レベルの第1のダマシン配線と、
を有する半導体装置
が提供される。
半導体基板に複数の半導体素子を形成し、
前記複数の半導体素子を覆って、前記半導体基板上方に第1レベルの第1の層間絶縁膜を形成し、
前記第1の層間絶縁膜に、第1レベルの第1の配線用トレンチを形成し、
前記第1の配線用トレンチの内面を覆って、拡散防止機能を有する第1のバリアメタル膜を形成し、前記第1の配線用トレンチの内に第1の主配線用トレンチを画定し、
前記第1の主配線用トレンチに埋め込んで、第1の金属元素から形成される第1の主配線層を形成し、
前記第1の主配線層にマイグレーション抑制機能を有する第2の金属元素を局所的に添加する、
半導体装置の製造方法
が提供される。
11 層間絶縁膜、
13 バリアメタル膜、
14 銅シード層、
15 銅メッキ膜(銅層)、
16 Al添加銅層、
17 (Al添加のない)銅ダマシン配線、
18 (Alを添加した)銅ダマシン配線、
19 (Al添加に用いた)ダマシン構造。
Electrochemical Society, 149(1), C74-C81 (2002)等(これらは、参照によって、ここに取り込む)を参照できる。
Claims (10)
- 半導体基板と、
前記半導体基板上方に積層された複数の層間絶縁膜と、
前記複数の層間絶縁膜の1つである第1の層間絶縁膜に形成された第1の配線用トレンチと、
前記第1の配線用トレンチの側面と底面を覆って形成され、第1の主配線用トレンチを画定する、拡散防止機能を有する第1のバリアメタル膜と、前記第1の主配線用トレンチを埋め、第1の金属元素で形成され、マイグレーション抑制機能を有する第2の金属元素が場所的に異なる濃度で添加された第1の主配線層とを含む第1のダマシン配線と、
を有する半導体装置。 - 前記第1の配線用トレンチの近傍で、前記第1の層間絶縁膜に形成され、前記第1の層間絶縁膜の面内方向で、前記第1の配線用トレンチの幅より大きい寸法を有する不純物添加用リセスと、
前記不純物添加用リセスの側面と底面を覆って形成され、添加領域用リセスを画定する、前記第1のバリアメタル膜と同一材料の添加領域用バリアメタル膜と、前記添加領域用リセスを埋め、前記第1の主配線層より前記第2の金属元素の添加濃度が高い添加用金属領域と、を含む添加用ダマシン構造と、
を有し、前記添加用ダマシン構造は回路的機能を有さず、前記第1の主配線層中の第2の金属元素の添加濃度は前記添加用金属領域からの距離に伴って減少する請求項1記載の半導体装置。 - 前記第1の層間絶縁膜の下側または上側に配置された第2の層間絶縁膜と、
前記第1の配線用トレンチと接続可能な配置で、前記第2の層間絶縁膜に形成された第2の配線用トレンチと、
前記第2の配線用トレンチに埋め込まれて形成された第2のダマシン配線と、
前記第1の配線用トレンチと第2の配線用トレンチを接続するビア孔と、
前記ビア孔に埋め込まれて形成されたビア導電体と、
を有し、
前記不純物添加用リセスは、電子流に関して前記ビア導電体より下流側で前記ビア導電体近傍に配置されている請求項2記載の半導体装置。 - 前記第1の層間絶縁膜に形成された第2の配線用トレンチと、
前記第2の配線用トレンチの側面と底面を覆って形成され、第2の主配線用トレンチを画定する、前記第1のバリアメタル膜と同一材料の第2のバリアメタル膜と、前記第2の主配線用トレンチを埋め、前記第1の金属元素で形成され、前記第2の金属元素の添加濃度が前記第1の主配線層の添加濃度より低い第2の主配線層と、を含む第2のダマシン配線と、
を有する請求項1~3のいずれか1項記載の半導体装置。 - 前記第1の金属元素が銅であり、前記第2の金属元素がAg,Zn,Cd,Sn,Al,Mn,Cr,Si,Pd,Tiからなる群から選択された少なくとも1つであり、
前記第1のダマシン配線の表面を覆って形成された絶縁性銅拡散防止膜、
を有する請求項1~4のいずれか1項記載の半導体装置。 - 半導体基板に複数の半導体素子を形成し、
前記複数の半導体素子を覆って、前記半導体基板上方に第1の層間絶縁膜を形成し、
前記第1の層間絶縁膜に、第1の配線用トレンチを形成し、
前記第1の配線用トレンチの内面を覆って、拡散防止機能を有する第1のバリアメタル膜を形成し、前記第1の配線用トレンチの内に第1の主配線用トレンチを画定し、
前記第1の主配線用トレンチに埋め込んで、第1の金属元素から形成される第1の主配線層を形成し、
前記第1の主配線層にマイグレーション抑制機能を有する第2の金属元素を局所的に添加する、
半導体装置の製造方法。 - 前記第1の配線用トレンチの形成と同時に、前記第1の層間絶縁膜に、前記第1の配線用トレンチの幅より大きい面内方向寸法を有する不純物添加用リセスを形成し、
前記第1のバリアメタル膜を形成し、第1の主配線用トレンチを画定する際、前記不純物添加用リセスの側面と底面を覆って添加領域用バリアメタル膜を形成し、添加領域用リセスを画定し、
前記第1の主配線層を形成する際、前記第1の主配線用トレンチを埋め込み、前記添加領域用リセスは完全には埋め込まずに上方に凹みを残す、前記第1の金属元素から形成される第1の主配線層を形成し、
前記第1の主配線層に前記第2の金属元素を局所的に添加する際、前記第1の主配線層の上に前記第2の金属元素を含む添加用金属層を形成し、平坦部上の前記添加用金属層を化学機械研磨で除去し、熱処理によって、残った前記添加用金属層から前記第1の主配線層に前記第2の金属元素を拡散させ、
前記第1の層間絶縁膜上の不要の金属層を化学機械研磨で除去し、前記第1の配線用トレンチに埋め込まれた第1のダマシン配線、前記不純物添加用リセスに埋め込まれた添加用ダマシン構造を残し、
前記第1のダマシン配線、前記添加用ダマシン構造を覆って、前記第1の層間絶縁膜上に絶縁性拡散防止膜を形成する
請求項6記載の半導体装置の製造方法。 - 前記第1の配線用トレンチと同時に第2の配線用トレンチを前記第1の層間絶縁膜に形成し、前記不純物添加用リセスを前記第1の配線用トレンチに近く、前記第2の配線用トレンチから離して形成し、前記熱処理によって前記第1のダマシン配線の第2の金属元素の添加濃度を前記第2のダマシン配線の第2の金属元素の添加濃度をより高くし、前記第1のダマシン配線、前記添加用ダマシン構造を残す際、前記第2の配線用トレンチに第2のダマシン配線を残す請求項7記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記第1の主配線層を形成した後、化学機械研磨を行って前記第1の層間絶縁膜上の不要金属を除去して第1のダマシン配線を残し、
前記第1の主配線層に前記第2の金属元素を局所的に添加する際、前記第1のダマシン配線に局所的に前記第2の金属元素をイオン注入し、
その後、前記第1のダマシン配線を覆って前記第1の層間絶縁膜上に絶縁性拡散防止膜を形成する
請求項6記載の半導体装置の製造方法。 - 前記第1の層間絶縁膜の下側または上側に第2の層間絶縁膜を形成し、前記第2の層間絶縁膜に、前記第1の配線用トレンチと接続可能な形状に、第2の配線用トレンチを形成し、
前記第2の配線用トレンチに第2のダマシン配線を埋め込み、
前記第1の配線用トレンチと前記第2の配線用トレンチを接続するビア孔を形成し、
前記ビア孔内にビア導電体を埋め込み、
前記第2の金属元素を局所的に添加する領域は、電子流に関して前記ビア導電体より下流側に配置する、
請求項6~9のいずれか1項記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
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WO2014156616A1 (ja) | 2013-03-27 | 2014-10-02 | 三井化学株式会社 | 複合体の製造方法及び組成物 |
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