WO2009152698A1 - 一种混合动力汽车用镍氢电池组的散热系统 - Google Patents

一种混合动力汽车用镍氢电池组的散热系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009152698A1
WO2009152698A1 PCT/CN2009/070171 CN2009070171W WO2009152698A1 WO 2009152698 A1 WO2009152698 A1 WO 2009152698A1 CN 2009070171 W CN2009070171 W CN 2009070171W WO 2009152698 A1 WO2009152698 A1 WO 2009152698A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
battery pack
batteries
shaped drainage
air outlet
Prior art date
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PCT/CN2009/070171
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨亚联
张昕
秦大同
任勇
周安健
胡明晖
苏岭
赵川林
Original Assignee
重庆长安汽车股份有限公司
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Publication date
Application filed by 重庆长安汽车股份有限公司 filed Critical 重庆长安汽车股份有限公司
Priority to EP09765338A priority Critical patent/EP2299534A4/en
Priority to US12/999,582 priority patent/US8865332B2/en
Publication of WO2009152698A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009152698A1/zh
Priority to ZA2011/00167A priority patent/ZA201100167B/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
    • B60L3/0046—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to electric energy storage systems, e.g. batteries or capacitors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
    • B60L58/26—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by cooling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/24—Alkaline accumulators
    • H01M10/30—Nickel accumulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/617—Types of temperature control for achieving uniformity or desired distribution of temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/63—Control systems
    • H01M10/635—Control systems based on ambient temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6561—Gases
    • H01M10/6563—Gases with forced flow, e.g. by blowers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6561—Gases
    • H01M10/6566—Means within the gas flow to guide the flow around one or more cells, e.g. manifolds, baffles or other barriers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/213—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for cells having curved cross-section, e.g. round or elliptic
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of automotive electronic application technology, and in particular to a heat dissipation system for a nickel-hydrogen battery pack for a hybrid vehicle.
  • the power battery is a key control component in the hybrid vehicle system, and its performance will directly affect the performance of the vehicle.
  • Power NiMH batteries are the preferred power source for HEV: Hybrid-Electric Vehicel vehicles because of their high specific energy, high specific power, good cycle life, no pollution to the environment, and high safety.
  • the heat dissipation problem during the charging process of Ni-MH batteries is one of the main factors affecting its normal application. As the temperature increases, the discharge capacity of the nickel-hydrogen battery decreases, the charging efficiency decreases, the self-discharge increases, and the battery decay accelerates. At high temperatures, the temperature unevenness of the NiMH battery pack increases.
  • Air cooling is currently the more mature battery cooling technology.
  • Ventilation methods for air cooling are generally serial and parallel, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, respectively.
  • serial ventilation mode shown in Figure 1 cold air is blown in from the left side of the battery case and blown out from the right side. Since the air is continuously heated during the flow, the cooling effect on the right side of the battery compartment is worse than that on the left side, and the temperature of the battery pack in the battery compartment rises from left to right.
  • Japan's hybrids, the Prius and Insight, use serial ventilation.
  • Figure 2 shows the parallel ventilation mode. If the flow distribution is checked, the temperature distribution of the battery will be even.
  • the new Insight uses a parallel ventilation structure.
  • the battery pack with parallel air-cooling is used, and the temperature of the middle battery is high. Because of the design of the parallel ventilation structure, it is necessary to design the wedge-shaped intake and exhaust passages and the drainage flow passage. In order to achieve good results. Due to space constraints, the wedge-shaped inlet and outlet channels and the flow path of the drainage are difficult to ensure the uniformity of the temperature field distribution of the battery pack for the cylindrical battery under study.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a heat dissipation system for a nickel-hydrogen battery for a hybrid vehicle, which can solve the heat dissipation problem of a nickel-hydrogen battery for a cylindrical hybrid vehicle and ensure uniform temperature during use of the battery pack.
  • the invention provides a heat dissipation system for a nickel-hydrogen battery pack for a hybrid vehicle, comprising a power battery pack (8), a battery support frame (9), a support rod (5), an air inlet (1), and an air outlet (6). a fan (7), the power battery pack (8) is arranged in two parallel and vertically aligned in a battery support frame (9) in the battery box, and the support rod (5) and the battery support frame (9) are fixed at
  • the heat dissipation system is provided with an air inlet (1) at one end of the battery box, and an air outlet (6) at the other end, and the fan (7) is installed at the air outlet (6);
  • the system further includes a circular arc shaped drainage plate (2); the circular arc shaped drainage plate (2) is disposed on an opposite side of the upper and lower batteries closest to the air inlet (1).
  • the system further comprises an elongated strip (3); the strip-shaped deflector (3) is disposed on the opposite side of the upper and lower two sets of cells in the middle of the arc-shaped deflector (2) to the middle of the battery box on.
  • the system further includes a diamond shaped draining plate (4) that opens the passageway; the diamond shaped drafting plate (4) is disposed between the upper and lower sets of cells of the air outlet (6) in the middle of the battery compartment.
  • the system comprises at least one of the diamond shaped drainage plates (4).
  • the system further includes a diamond shaped drainage plate (4'); the diamond shaped drainage plate (4') is disposed between the upper and lower batteries at the air outlet (6).
  • the system comprises at least one of the diamond shaped drainage plates (4').
  • the plates (4, 4,) are mounted on the support bars (5).
  • the system further includes a temperature sensor mounted on the battery pack for collecting the internal temperature and the ambient temperature of the battery case in which the battery pack is mounted.
  • the system further includes a signal processing unit; the signal processing unit receives the internal temperature of the battery box and the ambient temperature collected by the temperature sensor, and adjusts the fan according to the comparison between the internal temperature of the box and the ambient temperature (7) Start or stop.
  • the signal processing unit receives the internal temperature of the battery box and the ambient temperature collected by the temperature sensor, and adjusts the fan according to the comparison between the internal temperature of the box and the ambient temperature (7) Start or stop.
  • the distance between the adjacent two rows of cells of the power battery pack (8) located at the middle portion of the battery case is greater than the spacing between the other adjacent two columns of cells.
  • the present invention has the following advantages:
  • the circular arc-shaped drainage plate disposed on the opposite surface of the upper and lower batteries closest to the air inlet port is used to drain the cooling air backwards to realize the front and rear modules.
  • the flow field is hooked.
  • the heat dissipation structure design can not only ensure the uniformity of the temperature field of the single battery in all the battery cells of the circular nickel-hydrogen battery, but also the uniformity of ventilation and heat dissipation of the whole battery pack, and the structure is simple and convenient to operate. The manufacturing process is simple and the cost is low.
  • the system of the invention can solve the heat dissipation problem of the nickel-hydrogen battery for the cylindrical hybrid vehicle, ensure the uniformity of the temperature field of the battery pack during use, improve the reliability and consistency of the battery performance, and improve the whole The performance and cycle life of the car and operational safety promote the industrial development of hybrid vehicles.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a serial ventilation mode of a power battery pack for a conventional hybrid vehicle
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a parallel ventilation mode of a power battery pack for a conventional hybrid vehicle
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a hybrid vehicle according to the present invention. Heat dissipation structure diagram of nickel-hydrogen battery pack
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a heat dissipation system of a nickel-hydrogen battery pack for a hybrid vehicle according to the present invention.
  • 1 air inlet 1 arc-shaped drainage board; 2 arc-shaped drainage board; 3 long-shaped drainage board; 4 diamond-shaped drainage board with intermediate opening channel; 4' diamond-shaped drainage board without opening channel in the middle; 5 support rod; 6 air outlet; 7 fan 8 battery module; 9 battery support frame.
  • the heat dissipation structure diagram of the nickel-hydrogen battery pack for a hybrid vehicle according to the present invention is provided.
  • the battery pack 8 is arranged in two rows in parallel in the battery support frame 9 in the battery box, and the support rod 5 and the battery support frame 9 are arranged.
  • Fixed on the outer surface of the battery box, fixing and supporting the battery box, in the battery box One end is provided with an air inlet 1 and the other end is provided with an air outlet 6.
  • FIG. 4 a cross-sectional view of a heat dissipation system for a nickel-hydrogen battery pack for a hybrid vehicle according to the present invention is provided.
  • the exhaust fan 7 is installed at the air outlet 6, respectively, on the opposite sides of the upper and lower batteries located near the air inlet 1 respectively.
  • the circular arc-shaped deflector 2 is installed, and a long-shaped deflector 3 is disposed on the opposite side of the upper and lower two groups of batteries in the middle of the battery box, thereby blocking the cooling gas and guiding the flow, and the diamond-shaped bow flow in the battery
  • the plate 4 forms a cooling passage for the corresponding battery, and the middle opening channel ⁇ cooling gas is drained to the rear battery, and the diamond-shaped deflector 4 ' without the intermediate opening channel is installed between the upper and lower batteries located at the air outlet 6
  • the tail-shaped drainage plate 2, the elongated-shaped drainage plate 3, and the diamond-shaped drainage plates 4, 4' are mounted on the support rod 5.
  • the number of the rhombic draining plate 4 and the rhombic draining plate 4 can be specifically set according to actual conditions.
  • the heat dissipation system further includes a battery pack temperature sensor mounted on the battery pack for collecting the internal temperature and the ambient temperature of the battery case in which the battery pack is mounted, and transmitting the temperature signal to the battery pack heat dissipation system signal Processing unit.
  • the battery unit cooling system signal processing unit adjusts the starting or stopping of the fan 7 according to the comparison between the internal temperature of the box and the ambient temperature; the cooling air enters the system through the air inlet of the battery box, and flows through the arc-shaped bow I flow plate 2
  • the air flow rate and the form of the internal flow field of the battery pack are determined according to the arrangement of the unit cells and the shape arrangement of the elongated strips 3 and the rhombic drain plates 4, 4, and the start or stop control of the blower 7.
  • the power battery pack is located in the battery box.
  • the DC exhaust fan model is DC12V
  • the pressure difference is
  • the battery pack intake system of the embodiment and the flow guiding structure disposed therein are a flow path support frame, the support rod
  • the position acts as a drainage for the air inlet channel. Since the circular battery is two-layered and the length of the battery is long, the front temperature is low and the rear temperature is high.
  • the front battery uses a circular arc-shaped deflector and a long-shaped deflector to drain the cooling air backwards. At the same time, it reduces the temperature and soaking of the front part.
  • the rear part uses a diamond-shaped drain plate.
  • the rear battery serves the purpose of uniform heat dissipation.
  • the flow field and temperature field distribution in the battery box are evenly distributed by applying a circular arc-shaped drainage plate, a long-shaped drainage plate, and a diamond-shaped drainage plate.
  • the fan is started after receiving the start signal, the cooling wind enters the air inlet channel, passes through the battery and the drain plate, and the battery and the battery The gap between the batteries is taken away by the heat generated during the charging and discharging process of the battery, and the hot air is collected into the exhaust duct to discharge the battery pack casing.
  • the heat dissipation structure design of the invention can not only ensure the uniformity of the temperature field of the circular nickel-hydrogen battery pack, the uniformity of ventilation and heat dissipation, but also has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation, simple manufacturing process and low cost.
  • the system of the invention can solve the heat dissipation problem of the nickel-hydrogen battery for the cylindrical hybrid vehicle, ensure the uniformity of the temperature field of the battery pack during use, improve the reliability and consistency of the battery performance, and improve the whole The performance and cycle life of the car and operational safety promote the industrial development of hybrid vehicles.
  • the present invention addresses the need for the power and economy of a hybrid vehicle, and proposes a more reasonable and optimized internal structure of the battery box according to the limitation of the installation space of the OEM and the structural modification of the battery supplier.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
  • Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)

Description

一种混合动力汽车用镍氢电池组的散热系统
本申请要求于 2008 年 6 月 20 日提交中国专利局、 申请号为 200810069859.2、 发明名称为 "一种混合动力汽车用镍氢电池组的散热系统"的 中国专利申请的优先权， 其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域 本发明属于汽车电子应用技术领域，具体涉及一种混合动力汽车用镍氢电 池组的散热系统。
背景技术
动力电池是混合动力汽车体系中的关键控制部件，其性能优劣将直接影响 整车性能的好坏。 动力镍氢电池以其比能量高、 比功率高、 循环寿命好、 对环 境无污染、安全性高等优点，成为油电混合动力（ HEV: Hybrid-Electric Vehicel ) 车用的首选电源。但镍氢电池充电过程中的散热问题是影响其正常应用的主要 因素之一。 随着温度的升高， 镍氢电池的放电容量降低， 充电效率下降， 自放 电加大， 电池衰减加速。 在高温下， 镍氢电池组的温度不均勾性有所增大。 对 于大型镍氢电池组（如电动车用 )来说， 仅依靠电池设计、 配方调整等措施并 不能解决电池组的散热均匀问题， 需要为电池组设计相应的冷却系统， 实现电 池组的热监控和热管理， 对整车的长期可靠运行意义重大。
常用的冷却方式有风冷、 液冷、 相变材料冷却等方式。 空气冷却是目前比 较成熟的电池散热技术。
空气冷却的通风方式一般有串行和并行两种， 分别如图 1和图 2所示。 图 1所示串行通风方式下， 冷空气从电池箱的左侧吹入、 从右侧吹出。 由 于空气在流动过程中不断地被加热， 因此电池箱右侧的冷却效果比左侧要差， 电池箱内电池组的温度从左到右依次升高。 日本的混合动力车 Prius和 Insight 均釆用串行通风方式。
图 2所示为并行通风方式，如果流量分配均勾， 电池的温度分配就会比较 均匀。 新的 Insight釆用的就是并行通风结构。
目前，很多研究人员和厂家针对如何兼顾冷却效果和模块温度均勾化设计 出了很多电池组散热系统。其研究重点在于如何平衡前后模块的流场条件。一 般釆用电池模块交错排列 ,流场方向电池组体釆用楔形结构，以平衡流场压力。 还有一种做法是沿流场设置 V形引导槽， 使下游面积逐渐减小， 平衡流场前 后的压力； 并将气流引导向中间， 平衡周边和中心的散热条件。
但在实际的圓柱形电池温度场实验中， 釆用并行方式风冷的电池组， 其中 间电池温度较高， 因为并行通风结构的设计， 需要把楔形的进排气通道和引流 流道设计好， 才能达到良好的效果。 由于空间条件限制， 对于所研究的圓柱形 电池来讲，其楔形的进排气通道和引流的流道^ L难保证电池组温度场分布的一 致性。
因此，如何解决圓柱形混合动力汽车用镍氢电池的散热问题，保证电池组 使用过程中的温度均匀， 是本领域技术人员急需解决的技术问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种混合动力汽车用镍氢电池的散热系统，能够解决 圓柱形混合动力汽车用镍氢电池的散热问题，保证电池组使用过程中的温度均 匀。
本发明提供了一种混合动力汽车用镍氢电池组的散热系统，包括动力电池 组（8)、 电池支撑架（9)、 支撑杆（5)、 进风口 （1)、 出风口 （6)、 风机（7), 所述动力电池组（8)分两层平行且上下对齐地布置在蓄电池箱内的电池支撑 架（9) 中， 支撑杆（5)和电池支撑架 （9) 固定在蓄电池箱上下底板上； 所 述散热系统在蓄电池箱的一端设置有进风口 （1 ), 另一端设置有出风口 （6), 所述风机（7)安装在出风口 （6)处；
所述系统还包括圓弧形引流板（2); 所述圓弧形引流板（2)设置在离进 风口 （1 ) 最近的上下两个电池的相对面上。
优选地， 所述系统还包括长条形引流板 ( 3 ); 所述长条形引流板（ 3 )设 置在圓弧形引流板 (2) 至蓄电池箱中间部位的上下两组电池的相对面上。
优选地， 所述系统还包括中间开启通道的菱形引流板 ( 4 ); 所述菱形引 流板（ 4 )设置在蓄电池箱中间部位直至出风口 （6)的上下两组电池的之间。
优选地， 所述系统包括至少一个所述菱形引流板 ( 4 )。
优选地， 所述系统还包括菱形引流板 ( 4')； 所述菱形引流板（ 4 ' )设 置在出风口 （6)处的上下两个电池之间。
优选地， 所述系统包括至少一个所述菱形引流板（ 4')。
优选地， 所述圓弧形引流板 ( 2 )、 长条形引流板 ( 3 )、 以及所述菱形引流 板（4、 4，）安装在支撑杆（ 5 )上。
优选地， 所述系统还包括安装在电池组上的温度传感器， 用于釆集安装有 电池组的蓄电池箱内部温度和环境温度。
优选地， 所述系统还包括信号处理单元； 所述信号处理单元接收所述温度 传感器釆集的蓄电池箱内部温度和环境温度，根据箱体内部温度和环境温度的 对比， 来调节风机（7 ) 的起或停。
优选地， 所述动力电池组（ 8 )位于蓄电池箱中间部位的相邻两列电池之 间的间距大于其它相邻两列电池之间的间距。
本发明和已有的相关技术相比， 本发明具有以下优点： 通过设置在离进风 口最近的上下两个电池的相对面上的圓弧形引流板， 引流冷却空气向后走， 实 现前后模块流场均勾。釆用所述散热结构设计， 不仅能够保证圓形镍氢电池所 有的电池组内单体电池温度场的均勾性 ,以及整体电池组的的通风散热的均匀 性， 而且其结构简单， 操作方便， 制造工艺简单、 成本较低。
釆用本发明所述系统，能够解决圓柱形混合动力汽车用镍氢电池的散热问 题，保证电池组在使用过程中的温度场的均勾性，提高电池性能的可靠性和一 致性，提高整车的性能和循环寿命以及运行安全性，促进混合动力汽车产业化 开发。
附图说明
图 1是现有混合动力汽车用动力电池组的串行通风方式的示意图； 图 2是现有混合动力汽车用动力电池组的并行通风方式的示意图； 图 3为本发明提出的混合动力汽车用镍氢电池组散热结构图；
图 4为本发明提出的混合动力汽车用镍氢电池组散热系统截面图。
其中， 1进风口； 2 圓弧形引流板； 3长条形引流板； 4 中间开启通道 的菱形引流板； 4'中间不开启通道的菱形引流板； 5 支撑杆； 6出风口； 7 风 机； 8电池模块； 9电池支撑架。
具体实施方式
下面根据说明书附图对本发明的技术方案作进一步详细说明。
如图 3所示， 为本发明提出的混合动力汽车用镍氢电池组散热结构图， 蓄 电池组 8分两排平行布置在蓄电池箱内的电池支撑架 9中，支撑杆 5和电池支 撑架 9固定在蓄电池箱的外表面，对蓄电池箱起固定和支撑作用，在蓄电池箱 的一端设置有进风口 1 , 另一端设置有出风口 6。
如图 4 所示， 为本发明提出的混合动力汽车用镍氢电池组散热系统截面 图，排气风扇 7安装在出风口 6处，在位于进风口 1最近的上下两个电池的相 对面分别安装圓弧形引流板 2 ,并且在随后直至电池箱中间部位的上下两组电 池的相对面设置长条形引流板 3 ,起到阻隔冷却气体并导流的作用，在蓄电池 的菱形弓 I流板 4 ,对相应的电池形成冷却通道， 中间的开启通道 ·ί巴冷却气体向 后面的电池引流，位于出风口 6处的上下两个电池之间安装不具有中间开启通 道的菱形引流板 4 ' ,起到尾部引流的作用， 所述圓弧形引流板 2、 长条形引流 板 3和菱形引流板 4、 4 '安装在支撑杆 5上。
所述菱形引流板 4和菱形引流板 4，的个数可以根据实际情况具体设定。 所述散热系统还包括有电池组温度传感器 ,所述温度传感器安装在电池组 上， 用于釆集安装有电池组的蓄电池箱内部温度和环境温度， 并将温度信号传 输至电池组散热系统信号处理单元。电池组散热系统信号处理单元根据箱体内 部温度和环境温度的对比， 来调节风机 7的起或停； 冷却空气通过蓄电池箱的 进风口进入系统， 同时流经圓弧形弓 I流板 2进入电池组内，根据单体电池的布 置以及长条形引流板 3和菱形引流板 4、 4，的形状布置以及风机 7的起或停控 制共同决定了空气流量以及电池组内部流场的形式。动力电池组位于蓄电池箱 在本发明所给出的具体实施例中， 直流排气风扇型号为 DC12V, 压差为
230Pa, 额定电流≤8八， 用于混合动力汽车用动力电池组出风口抽风散热； 本实施例的电池组进气系统及设置在其中的导流结构是一种流道支撑架， 支撑杆的位置起到了进风槽道的引流的作用。 因为圓形电池是两层的，且电池 的长度较长， 故前部温度偏低， 后部的温度偏高。 前部的电池釆用了圓弧形引 流板和长条形的引流板引流冷却空气向后走，同时起到降低前部温度和均热的 作用， 后部釆用了菱形的引流板， 对后部的电池起到散热均匀的目的。 通过施 加圓弧形的引流板、长条形的引流板和菱形的引流板，使得电池箱内的流场和 温度场分布均匀。
本实施例的排气系统、排气导流结构与出风口抽风系统， 风扇接到启动信 号后启动， 冷却风进入进风槽道， 通过流经电池及引流板， 以及电池和电池之 间的间隙， 将电池充放电过程产生的热量带走， 热风汇集到排风槽道， 排出电 池组壳体。
本发明所述散热结构设计， 不仅能够保证圓形镍氢电池组温度场的均匀 性、 通风散热的均匀性， 而且其结构简单， 操作方便， 制造工艺简单、 成本较 低。
釆用本发明所述系统，能够解决圓柱形混合动力汽车用镍氢电池的散热问 题，保证电池组在使用过程中的温度场的均勾性，提高电池性能的可靠性和一 致性，提高整车的性能和循环寿命以及运行安全性，促进混合动力汽车产业化 开发。
可见， 本发明针对混合动力汽车动力性和经济性的需要，按照整车厂的安 装空间的限制以及蓄电池供应商的结构改动限制，针对电池箱的内部结构提出 了一种更为合理、 优化的混合动力车用镍氢电池的散热结构的方案。
以上对本发明所提供的一种混合动力汽车用镍氢电池组的散热系统，进行 以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想； 同时，对于 本领域的一般技术人员，依据本发明的思想，在具体实施方式及应用范围上均 会有改变之处， 综上所述， 本说明书内容不应理解为对本发明的限制。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1、 一种混合动力汽车用镍氢电池组的散热系统， 包括动力电池组（8)、 电池支撑架（9)、 支撑杆（5)、 进风口 （1)、 出风口 （6)、 风机（7), 其特征 在于： 所述动力电池组（8)分两层平行且上下对齐地布置在蓄电池箱内的电 池支撑架 （9) 中， 支撑杆（5)和电池支撑架（9) 固定在蓄电池箱上下底板 上； 所述散热系统在蓄电池箱的一端设置有进风口 （1 ), 另一端设置有出风口 (6), 所述风机（7)安装在出风口 （6)处；
所述系统还包括圓弧形引流板 (2); 所述圓弧形引流板 (2)设置在离进 风口 （ 1 ) 最近的上下两个电池的相对面上。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的系统， 其特征在于， 所述系统还包括长条形引 流板 ( 3 ); 所述长条形引流板 ( 3 )设置在圓弧形引流板 ( 2 )至蓄电池箱中间 部位的上下两组电池的相对面上。
3、 根据权利要求 2所述的系统， 其特征在于， 所述系统还包括中间通道 的菱形引流板 ( 4 ); 所述菱形引流板 ( 4 )设置在蓄电池箱中间部位直至出 风口 （6) 的上下两组电池的之间。
4、 根据权利要求 3所述的系统， 其特征在于， 所述系统包括至少一个所 述菱形引流板 ( 4 )。
5、 根据权利要求 3所述的系统， 其特征在于， 所述系统还包括菱形引流 板（ 4')； 所述菱形引流板（ 4 ')设置在出风口 （6)处的上下两个电池之间。
6、 根据权利要求 5所述的系统， 其特征在于， 所述系统包括至少一个所 述菱形引流板（ 4')。
7、 根据权利要求 5所述的系统， 其特征在于， 所述圓弧形引流板（2)、 长条形引流板（3)、 以及所述菱形引流板（4、 4，）安装在支撑杆（ 5 )上。
8、 根据权利要求 5所述的系统， 其特征在于， 所述系统还包括安装在电 池组上的温度传感器， 用于釆集安装有电池组的蓄电池箱内部温度和环境温 度。
9、 根据权利要求 8所述的系统， 其特征在于， 所述系统还包括信号处理 单元；所述信号处理单元接收所述温度传感器釆集的蓄电池箱内部温度和环境 温度， 根据箱体内部温度和环境温度的对比， 来调节风机（7) 的起或停。
10、 根据权利要求 1至 9任一项所述的系统， 其特征在于， 所述动力电池 组（ 8 )位于蓄电池箱中间部位的相邻两列电池之间的间距大于其它相邻两列 电池之间的间距。
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CN100568612C (zh) 2009-12-09
US8865332B2 (en) 2014-10-21
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CN101304106A (zh) 2008-11-12
MY163043A (en) 2017-07-31

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