WO2009145258A1 - 走行試験装置のベルト蛇行防止装置及びベルト蛇行防止方法 - Google Patents
走行試験装置のベルト蛇行防止装置及びベルト蛇行防止方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2009145258A1 WO2009145258A1 PCT/JP2009/059775 JP2009059775W WO2009145258A1 WO 2009145258 A1 WO2009145258 A1 WO 2009145258A1 JP 2009059775 W JP2009059775 W JP 2009059775W WO 2009145258 A1 WO2009145258 A1 WO 2009145258A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M17/00—Testing of vehicles
- G01M17/007—Wheeled or endless-tracked vehicles
- G01M17/0072—Wheeled or endless-tracked vehicles the wheels of the vehicle co-operating with rotatable rolls
- G01M17/0074—Details, e.g. roller construction, vehicle restraining devices
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/18—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
- G05B19/19—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by positioning or contouring control systems, e.g. to control position from one programmed point to another or to control movement along a programmed continuous path
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a belt meandering prevention device and a belt meandering prevention method of a running test apparatus.
- a traveling test apparatus that evaluates the traveling characteristics of a rolling element such as a tire or a vehicle uses a metal belt.
- the travel test apparatus is provided with a driven drum and a driving drum, and an endless belt is stretched between the driven drum and the driving drum.
- the running test apparatus the flat surface on the upper side of the belt is configured as a test road surface, and the running characteristics of the rolling element are evaluated by running the belt with the rolling element grounded on the test road surface.
- the driven drum and the driving drum are formed so that the cross section is a perfect circle.
- these drums are not a perfect circle. It is also difficult to arrange the two drums in exactly parallel, and the belt also has minute irregularities. Therefore, meandering and deviation are inevitable for the belt stretched between the two drums.
- Patent Documents 1 to 3 disclose an apparatus that corrects meandering by detecting the end position of the belt and tilting the driven drum or adjusting the tension based on the detected belt position. It is disclosed.
- the trajectory of the belt rotating on the drum does not change unless the belt rotates at least once even if the drum is tilted. Therefore, the belt trajectory changes in comparison with a servo motor or a hydraulic cylinder generally used for tilting the drum. Has a very large time constant. Therefore, even if the driven drum is swung in the devices of Patent Documents 1 to 3, the belt does not immediately move to the target position, and the influence of the response delay remains in the next control cycle, and the belt There is a possibility that the position cannot be sufficiently controlled.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and can prevent belt meandering and vibration reliably by enabling belts to be promptly corrected to a target position. And it aims at providing the meandering prevention method.
- the inventors thought that if the belt time constant is very large compared to the time constant of the drum rocking means, the responsiveness of the drum rocking means having a small time constant may be further improved. . Then, by controlling the drum rocking means based on the rocking amount of the drum, it has been found that the belt can be quickly corrected to the target position, and the present invention has been completed.
- a first aspect of the present invention is provided in a traveling test apparatus for evaluating a traveling characteristic of a rolling element by grounding the rolling element on a belt stretched between a pair of drums.
- a meandering prevention device for correcting meandering of a belt by means of drum swinging means for swinging the other drum with respect to the other drum and changing the position of the belt in accordance with the amount of the swing, detecting the position of the belt, The first control means for controlling the drum rocking means and the amount of rocking of the other ram swung by the drum rocking means so that the difference between the detected position of the drum and the predetermined target position becomes zero. And a second control means for controlling the drum swinging means so that the detected swinging amount of the drum becomes a target swinging amount.
- a prevention device is provided.
- the belt meandering prevention device of the running test apparatus includes not only the first control means for controlling the drum rocking means based on the detection position and the target position of the belt, but also the detected value and target of the drum rocking amount.
- Second control means is provided for controlling the drum swinging means based on the second control means.
- the second control means detects the swing amount of the other drum, calculates the difference between the detected swing amount and the target swing amount, and determines the difference between the swing amounts as the drum swing means. Feedback to the input side.
- the first control means calculates a difference between the detected position of the belt and the target position, and feeds back the difference to the input side of the drum swinging means.
- the inventors set up a belt response model that simulates the response of such a belt if the response of the belt is delayed or responds in a direction opposite to the target position, and based on this belt response model. It was thought that if the state of belt misalignment was grasped, an accurate belt detection position could be obtained. It was also found that the belt can be quickly corrected to the target position by controlling the drum rocking means using the belt detection position calculated by inputting the drum rocking amount into the belt response model.
- the apparatus further includes a third control unit that calculates an integral value obtained by integrating the swing amount of the drum and calculates a detection position of the belt based on the difference and the integral value.
- the accurate detection position of the belt is obtained from the belt shift state grasped by the third control means based on the belt response model.
- the first control unit controls the drum swinging unit based on the accurate belt detection position and the belt target position.
- the belt response model simulates a behavior in which the belt responds in a direction opposite to the target position and / or a response delay of the belt.
- the first control means includes PID control means for calculating a target swing amount of the drum swing means from a difference between the detected position of the belt and a target position.
- the swing amount is the swing angle or swing angular velocity of the other drum.
- a traveling test apparatus for evaluating a traveling characteristic of a rolling element by grounding the rolling element on a belt stretched between a pair of drums.
- a drum swinging means for swinging the other drum with respect to the belt and changing the position of the belt in accordance with the swinging amount, and correcting the meandering of the belt, detecting the position of the belt, The drum swinging means is controlled so that the difference between the detection position of the belt and a predetermined target position becomes zero, and the swing amount of the other drum swung by the drum swinging means is detected.
- a belt meandering prevention method for a running test apparatus is provided, wherein the drum swinging means is controlled so that the detected swing amount of the drum becomes a target swing amount.
- the difference between the predicted position of the belt obtained by inputting the amount of rocking of the drum into the belt response model and the actually detected position of the belt is obtained, and based on the integrated value of the amount of rocking of the drum and the difference It is preferable to obtain the detection position of the belt.
- the belt can be quickly corrected to the target position, and belt meandering and vibration can be reliably prevented.
- (A) is a figure which shows the displacement of the belt position of a comparative example.
- (B) is a figure which shows the displacement of the belt position of an Example.
- (A) is a figure which shows the change of the position of the belt at the time of controlling using the belt meandering prevention apparatus of an Example.
- (B) is a figure which shows the change of the position of the belt at the time of controlling using the belt meandering prevention apparatus of a comparative example. It is a block diagram which shows the flow of the signal in the control part using the belt response model which simulated the delay of the belt response in addition to the behavior of the reverse response.
- FIG. 1 shows a tire testing machine 2 (running test device) provided with a belt meandering prevention device 1 of the present embodiment.
- the tire testing machine 2 includes a drive drum 4 connected to a drive motor 3 and capable of rotating in the forward and reverse directions, and a driven drum provided so that the axes are parallel to each other with a distance from the drive drum 4. 5 and an endless metal plate belt 6 spanned between the driving drum 4 and the driven drum 5.
- the belt 6 is formed with two upper and lower flat surfaces 7U and 7D between the driving drum 4 and the driven drum 5, and the tire T (rolling element) is grounded on the road surface (test road surface) formed on the upper flat surface 7U. is doing.
- the tire testing machine 2 is configured such that the running characteristics of the tire T can be evaluated by grounding the tire T on the road surface on the belt 6.
- the left end side in the direction of feeding the belt 6 passing through the upper side of the drive drum 4 toward the driven drum 5 is the left side when describing the tire testing machine 2 and the belt meandering prevention device 1, and the right end side is the tire testing machine. 2 and the belt meandering prevention device 1 on the right side.
- the direction in which the belt 6 is fed from the drive drum 4 in FIG. 1 is referred to as a front direction, and the direction opposite to the front direction is referred to as a rear direction.
- the drive drum 4 is formed in a cylindrical shape so that the belt 6 can be wound.
- the drive drum 4 is rotatable about a rotation axis R1 along the left-right direction, and can be switched between forward and reverse by a drive motor 3 connected to the rotation axis R1 via a gear box (not shown). It can be rotated.
- the driven drum 5 is arranged so that the axes are parallel to each other at a distance in the horizontal direction with respect to the drive drum 4.
- the driven drum 5 is arranged so as to be freely rotatable around the rotation axis R ⁇ b> 2 along the left-right direction in the same manner as the drive drum 4.
- the belt 6 is formed of an endless metal strip or a crawler, and is wound around both the driving drum 4 and the driven drum 5.
- the belt 6 has a surface facing the outer peripheral side made of a material such as asphalt or concrete.
- the belt 6 has an upper flat surface 7U and a lower flat surface 7D between the driving drum 4 and the driven drum 5.
- the tire T to be tested is grounded from above with respect to the upper flat surface 7U.
- the belt 6 may be provided with a layer of snow, ice, or water on the surface facing the outer peripheral side so that the surface facing the outer peripheral side has an environment similar to the actual road surface.
- the belt meandering prevention device 1 includes a driven drum 5 and a driven drum 5 that are provided in the tire testing machine 2.
- the meandering of the belt 6 is corrected by swinging it.
- the belt meandering prevention device 1 is a drum rocking means for rocking a driven drum 5 about a rocking axis R3 along a vertical direction with respect to a drive drum 4 and changing the position of the belt 6 in accordance with the rocking amount. 8 and a control section 9 for controlling the drum swinging means 8.
- the drum swinging means 8 swings the driven drum 5 about an axis (swinging shaft) along the vertical direction, and supports the frame member 10 that supports the driven drum 5 from both ends, and swings the frame member 10. And a servo motor 11 to be moved.
- the frame member 10 is formed in a substantially U-shape downward, and a driven drum 5 is rotatably attached to the lower end side thereof.
- the frame member 10 has an oscillating shaft portion 12 that protrudes upward, and can be rotated around an oscillating shaft R3 that is directed in the vertical direction by a servo motor 11 provided at the upper end of the oscillating shaft portion 12. It has become.
- a swing amount detecting means 13 is provided in the middle of the swing shaft portion 12 in the vertical direction, and the relative rotation angle of the servo motor 11 and the swing shaft portion 12 about the swing shaft R3 can be detected. ing.
- the control unit 9 is composed of a computer or a sequencer, and has first control means 14 and second control means 15.
- the first control means 14 controls the drum rocking means 8 so that the difference between the actual position of the belt 6 and a predetermined target position becomes zero.
- the first control unit 14 includes a belt position detection unit 21 that detects an actual measurement position y (s) of the belt 6, a first control unit 31 that calculates an amount of deviation between the actual position of the belt 6 and a target position, A PID control unit that calculates a target swing amount from the deviation amount between the actual position of the belt 6 and the target position detected by the first control unit 31 and outputs the calculated target swing amount to the drum swing unit 8. 17.
- the belt position detecting means 21 is provided at a left end and a right end of the flat surface 8 on the lower side of the belt 6 with a certain distance from the flat surface 8.
- the belt position detection means 21 is composed of an optical sensor that detects the left and right end portions of the belt 6 by light transmission, and the amount of light transmission varies depending on how much the end portion of the belt 6 moves in the left-right direction. It measures with.
- the actual position y (s) of the belt 6 detected by the belt position detection unit 21 is output to the first control unit 14 of the control unit 9.
- the belt position detecting means 21 is attached to a position near the driven drum 5 on the lower flat surface 7D of the belt 6, and changes in the position of the belt 6 when the driven drum 5 swings. It can be detected in a short time.
- the actual position y (s) of the belt 6 detected by the belt position detection means 21 and the target position r (s) of the belt 6 are input to the first control unit 31.
- the target position r (s) of the belt 6 is a reference position of the belt 6 in a state where no meandering occurs, and is given to the first control unit 31 in advance.
- a deviation amount e (s) of the belt 6 obtained by subtracting the target position r (s) of the belt 6 from the detected actual position y (s) of the belt 6 (the detected position of the belt and the target position). Difference) is calculated.
- the calculated deviation amount e (s) of the belt 6 is output to the PID control means 17.
- the PID control means 17 calculates the target swing amount u1 (s) of the drum swing means 8 from the deviation amount e (s) of the belt 6. Specifically, the deviation amount e (s) of the belt 6 taken in at a predetermined sampling period is accumulated, and the drum fluctuation is based on the proportional gain, integral gain, and differential gain obtained from the accumulated deviation amount e (s). The target swing amount u1 (s) of the moving means 8 is calculated. In the present embodiment, the swing angular velocity is used as the target swing amount u1 (s).
- the sampling period varies variously depending on the size of the belt 6 and the driven drum 5, the operating conditions, etc., and thus the range cannot be determined unconditionally, but is set to 10 ms to 200 ms, preferably 10 ms to 50 ms.
- the swing angular velocity u 1 (s) calculated by the PID control means 17 is output to the second control means 15.
- the driven drum 5 swings in a direction to eliminate the deviation of the belt 6 through the frame member 12 driven by the servomotor 11.
- the belt 6 affected by the swing of the driven drum 5 reaches the position where the belt position detecting means 21 is provided, and the belt position detecting means 21 A certain amount of time is required to evaluate the influence of the swing of the driven drum 5. This time varies depending on the positional relationship between the belt position detecting means 21 and the drum swinging means 8, but if it is long, it takes time for the belt 6 to make about one rotation.
- the belt 6 has a very large time constant as compared with the servo motor 11 and the hydraulic cylinder that are generally used for tilting the drum, and depending on the control cycle, the influence of this response delay remains in the next control cycle.
- the belt 6 position may not be sufficiently controlled. Therefore, the belt meandering prevention apparatus 1 according to the present invention further includes the second control means 15 in addition to the first control means 14 described above.
- the second control means 15 detects the swing amount of the driven drum 5 and controls the drum swing means 8 so that the detected swing amount of the drum becomes the target swing amount.
- the second control means 15 includes a swing amount detecting means 13 for detecting the actual swing amount of the driven drum 5 swung by the drum swinging means 8 and a swing amount of the driven drum 5 detected by the swing amount detecting means 13. Is provided with a second control unit 32 for controlling the drum rocking means 8 so as to achieve a target rocking amount.
- the swing angular velocity ⁇ ′ of the driven drum 5 is used as the swing amount.
- the swing amount detecting means 13 is provided in the middle of the swing shaft portion 16 in the vertical direction.
- the swing amount detection means 13 is composed of an encoder that measures the amount of rotational displacement of the servo motor 11, and detects the actual swing angle ⁇ of the driven drum 5 from the swing angle of the servo motor 11.
- the actual swing angle ⁇ of the driven drum 5 detected by the swing amount detection means 13 is output to the second control unit 32.
- the second control unit 32 feeds back the actual swing angle ⁇ of the driven drum 5 detected by the swing amount detection means 13 and inputs it to the input side of the drum swing means 8. Specifically, the second control unit 32 calculates the swing angular velocity ⁇ ′ of the driven drum 5 from the actual swing angle ⁇ input from the swing amount detection means 13. Further, the swinging angular velocity u 1 (s) calculated by the first control unit 14 is input to the second control unit 32. Then, the second control unit 32 calculates the swing angular velocity u (s) based on the swing angular velocity u1 (s) and the swing angular velocity ⁇ ′. The second control unit 32 outputs the calculated swing angular velocity u (s) to the servo motor 11 of the drum swinging means 8 to correct the deviation of the belt 6.
- control unit 9 that is, a belt meandering prevention method of the traveling test apparatus of the present embodiment will be described.
- the belt meandering prevention method of the running test apparatus of this embodiment uses the drum swinging means 8 to swing the driven drum 5 (the other drum) and detects the swing angle ⁇ (swing amount) of the driven drum 5.
- the drum rocking means 8 is controlled so that the rocking angle ⁇ becomes the target rocking amount.
- the drive motor 3 When performing a tire running test with the tire testing machine 2, the drive motor 3 is first driven and the drive drum 4 is rotated. When the drive drum 4 rotates, the belt 6 stretched between the drive drum 4 and the driven drum 5 also rotates. Then, the tire running test is performed by grounding the tire T on the flat surface on the upper side of the belt 6.
- the belt 6 is adjusted so that its position is r (s). However, the lateral force of the tire and other disturbances are applied to the belt 6, and due to these, meandering and deviation occur. As a result, the belt 6 is shifted from the target position r (s) to the actual position y (s).
- the actual position y (s) of the belt 6 is detected by the belt position detecting means 21.
- the detected actual position y (s) of the belt 6 is fed back to the input side of the first control unit 31 of the first control means 14 and output to the first control unit 31.
- the target position r (s) of the belt 6 is input to the first control unit 31 as an initial setting (given in advance).
- the first control unit 31 takes the difference of the actual position y (s) of the belt 6 input from the belt position detection means 21 with respect to the target position r (s) of the belt 6 and calculates the deviation amount e (s) of the belt 6. Is calculated.
- the calculated deviation amount e (s) of the belt 6 is output to the PID control means 17 of the first control means 14.
- the PID control means 17 calculates the target swing angular velocity u1 (s) of the drum swinging means 8 based on the inputted deviation e (s) of the belt 6.
- the PID control means 17 stores how the belt 6 shift amount e (s) changes.
- the PID control means 17 determines each gain (proportional gain, integral gain and differential gain) based on how the accumulated deviation e (s) of the belt 6 changes, and the swing angular velocity based on each gain.
- u1 (s) is calculated.
- the calculated swing angular velocity u 1 (s) is output to the second control unit 32 of the second control means 15.
- the driven drum 5 rotates in a direction that eliminates the deviation of the belt 6 through the frame member 12 driven by the servomotor 11.
- the time constant for moving the running position of the belt 6 to a predetermined position is much larger than the time constant for swinging the servo motor 11 at a predetermined swing angular velocity. In other words, even if the driven drum 5 swings, at least half to one rotation is required for the influence to reach the entire belt 6. Therefore, it is difficult for the actual position of the belt 6 to reach the target value of the belt 6 in the above-described sampling period.
- the actual swing amount (swing angular velocity) of the driven drum 5 is fed back to the input side of the drum swinging means 8 so that the swing angular velocity of the driven drum 5 is the target.
- the drum rocking means 8 is controlled by the second control means 15 so that the rocking angular velocity is obtained.
- the second control means 15 performs control as follows. First, an encoder (swing amount detection means 13) provided on the swing shaft portion 16 of the frame member 12 measures the rotational displacement amount of the servo motor 11 and outputs it to the second control portion 32. The second control unit 32 calculates the actual rocking angular velocity ⁇ ′ of the driven drum 5 from the rotational displacement amount. Further, the second control unit 32 subtracts the actual rocking angular velocity ⁇ ′ of the driven drum 5 from the rocking angular velocity u1 (s) input from the first control unit 31 of the first control means 14, and thereby the rocking angular velocity. u (s) is calculated.
- the second control unit 32 outputs the rocking angular velocity u (s) obtained by calculation to the drum rocking means 8. That is, the second control unit 32 controls the drum swinging means 8 so that the driven drum 5 swings at the swing angular velocity u (s).
- the drum swinging means 8 is controlled using the second control means 15 in this way, the influence of the belt 6 having a very large time constant as compared with the servomotor 11 of the drum swinging means 8 can be eliminated or alleviated.
- the belt can be quickly corrected to the target position, and the meandering and vibration of the belt 6 caused by the belt can be reliably prevented.
- the tire testing machine 2 used in the example and the comparative example includes a driving drum 4 (outer diameter 120 mm ⁇ , drum width 200 mm) and a driven drum 5 (outer diameter 120 mm ⁇ , drum width 200 mm) arranged in parallel to each other.
- the tire T (outer diameter 120 mm ⁇ , tire width 50 mm) is in contact with the upper flat surface 7U of the belt 6 (belt width 100 mm, belt length 977 mm, belt thickness 0.1 mm).
- the meandering prevention device 1 includes a servo motor 11 that swings the driven drum 5 around an axis in the vertical direction.
- the servo motor 11 can swing the driven drum 5 via the frame member 10.
- a light transmission type sensor for detecting the position of the belt 6 at a sampling period of 15 Hz (6.7 ms) is attached to the controller 9 of the meandering prevention apparatus 1 as the belt position detecting means 20.
- the control unit 9 includes a computer or a sequencer, and includes a first control unit 14, a second control unit 15, and a third control unit 16.
- the first control means 14 controls the drum rocking means 8 so that the difference between the actual position of the belt 6 and a predetermined target position becomes zero.
- the first control unit 14 calculates a deviation e (s) (difference between the detected position of the belt and the target position) of the detected position rm (s) of the belt 6 from the target position r (s) input in advance.
- a first control unit 31 and a PID control unit 17 that controls the drum swinging unit 8 based on the deviation e (s) are provided.
- the position of the belt 6 in a state in which no meandering occurs is given in advance to the first control unit 31 as the target position r (s), and the detected position rm (s) of the belt 6 calculated by the third control means 16.
- the calculated deviation amount e (s) of the belt 6 is output to the PID control means 17.
- the PID control means 17 calculates a target swing amount u1 (s) based on the deviation amount e (s) of the belt 6 input from the first control unit 31, and this swing amount u1 (s) is subjected to the second control. It outputs to the means 15.
- the swing angular velocity is used as the swing amount u1 (s).
- the control cycle varies depending on the size of the belt 6 and the driven drum 5, the operating conditions, and the like, and thus the range cannot be defined unconditionally, but is set to 10 ms to 200 ms, preferably 10 ms to 50 ms.
- the second control means 15 includes a swing amount detecting means 13 for detecting an actual swing amount of the driven drum 5 swung by the drum swinging means 8, and a drum swing amount detected by the swing amount detecting means 13 as a target. And a second control unit 32 for controlling the drum rocking means 8 so that the amount of rocking is as follows.
- the swing amount detection means 13 is composed of an encoder that measures the swing angle of the servo motor 11, and detects the actual swing angle ⁇ of the driven drum 5 from the swing angle of the servo motor 11.
- the actual swing angle ⁇ of the driven drum 5 detected by the swing amount detection means 13 is output to the second control unit 32.
- the second controller 32 feeds back the actual swing angle ⁇ of the driven drum 5 detected by the swing amount detection means 13 and inputs it to the input side of the drum swing means 8.
- the swinging angular velocity u1 (s) calculated by the first control unit 31 of the first control unit 14 is input to the second control unit 32.
- the swinging angular velocity u1 (s) and the swing amount detecting unit 13 are input.
- the swing amount is calculated based on the swing angle ⁇ of the driven drum 5 detected in step S2.
- the second control unit 32 outputs the calculated swing angular velocity u (s) to the servo motor 11 of the drum swinging means 8 to correct the deviation of the belt 6 in a short time.
- the servo motor 11 rotates based on the swing angular velocity u 1 (s) calculated by the first control unit 31 and the swing angular velocity u (s) calculated by the second control unit.
- the drum 5 rotates in a direction to eliminate the deviation amount e (s) of the belt 6.
- a belt position detecting means 21 described later is provided, and the belt position detecting means. In order to evaluate the influence of the swing of the driven drum 5 by 21, a certain time is required.
- This time varies depending on the positional relationship between the belt position detecting means 21 and the drum swinging means 8, but if it is long, it takes time for the belt 6 to make about one rotation. That is, the belt 6 has a very large time constant as compared with the servo motor 11 and the hydraulic cylinder that are generally used for tilting the drum, and depending on the control cycle, the influence of this response delay remains in the next control cycle.
- the belt 6 position may not be sufficiently controlled.
- the belt 6 immediately after the influence of the oscillation of the driven drum 5 responds in the direction opposite to the direction in which the belt 6 is settling. It is known from past knowledge that a transient phenomenon occurs. When such a transient phenomenon occurs, the amount of displacement of the belt 6 detected by the belt position detecting means 21 is added to the amount of extra displacement due to the response in the reverse direction, and the belt 6 position can be sufficiently controlled. There is a risk of disappearing. Therefore, in the belt meandering prevention device 1 of the present invention, in addition to the first control means 14 and the second control means 15 described above, the detection position of the belt 6 from which response delay and response in the reverse direction are excluded is calculated. Third control means 16 is provided.
- the third control means 16 uses the belt position detection means 21 for detecting the actual measurement position y (s) of the belt 6 and the drum swing amount ⁇ detected by the second control means 15 as a belt response model.
- the estimated position ym (s) of the belt 6 is input and the difference ⁇ y (s) between the predicted position ym (s) of the belt 6 and the actually measured position y (s) and the drum swing amount ⁇ are integrated.
- a third control unit 33 that calculates a detection position rm (s) of the belt 6 based on the obtained integral value ⁇ .
- the belt position detecting means 21 can measure the position of the end portion of the belt 6 wound around the drive drum 4. In the present embodiment, the belt 6 near the boundary between the upper flat surface 7 ⁇ / b> U and the drive drum 4. It is provided at a certain distance from the top.
- the belt position detecting means 21 can detect the measured position y (s) of the belt 6 by irradiating the belt 6 with infrared rays and receiving the reflected light.
- the actual measured position y (s) of the belt 6 detected by the belt position detecting means 21 is output to the third control unit of the control unit 9.
- the third control unit 33 includes a swing angle ⁇ of the driven drum 5 detected by the swing amount detection unit 13 of the second control unit 15 and a measured position y (s) of the belt 6 detected by the belt position detection unit 21. Is entered.
- the predicted position ym (s) of the belt 6 is obtained by inputting the swing amount ⁇ of the driven drum 5 into the belt response model, and the predicted position ym (s) of the belt 6 and the actually measured position y are obtained. Based on (s), the deviation amount ⁇ y (s) of the belt 6 is calculated.
- the third control unit 33 integrates a predetermined constant ⁇ to an integral value ⁇ (tilt angle of the driven drum 5) obtained by integrating the inputted swing angle ⁇ of the driven drum 6.
- the detection position rm () of the belt 6 from which the influence of the transient response of the belt 6 and the influence of the response delay are eliminated by the product of the deviation amount ⁇ y (s) and the integral value ⁇ and the constant ⁇ obtained in this way. s) ( ⁇ 2 + ⁇ y (s)) is calculated.
- the calculated detection position rm (s) of the belt 6 is output to the first control unit 31, and the first control means 14 determines the target swing angular velocity u1 (s) based on the detection position rm (s) of the belt 6. Used in the calculation of
- the belt response model can reproduce the actual belt behavior that occurs when the driven drum 5 is swung, and includes a discrete model and a dynamic model based on actual measured belt behavior data.
- control unit 9 that is, a belt meandering prevention method of the traveling test apparatus of the present invention will be described.
- the belt meandering prevention method of the running test apparatus of the present invention uses the drum swinging means 8 to swing the driven drum 5 (the other drum), detects the swing angle ⁇ (swing amount) of the driven drum 5,
- the drum rocking means 8 is first controlled so that the rocking angle ⁇ becomes a target rocking amount.
- the rocking angle ⁇ is input to the belt response model to obtain the predicted position ym (s) of the belt 6, and the predicted position ym (s) and the actually detected position y (s) of the belt 6 actually detected.
- the belt 6 is adjusted so that the position thereof becomes the target position r (s).
- the lateral force of the tire and other disturbances are applied to the belt 6, and due to these, meandering and deviation occur.
- the actual belt 6 is shifted from the target position r (s) to the actually measured position y (s).
- the swing angular velocity u1 (s) calculated by the first control means 14 is input to the drum swinging means 8, and the swing amount (swinging angular velocity) in the drum swinging means 8 becomes u1 (s).
- the servo motor 11 is operated as described above, the driven drum 5 rotates in a direction to eliminate the deviation of the belt 6 through the frame member 10.
- the drum rocking means 8 is controlled so that the rocking angular velocity u1 (s) is obtained in the above-described sampling period.
- the second control means 15 detects the actual swing angle ⁇ of the driven drum 5 by the swing amount detection means 13, and feeds back the detected swing angle ⁇ to the input side of the second control section to drive the driven drum 5. Is controlled to swing at a swing angular velocity u (s).
- the driven drum 5 is swung to the target swinging amount (swinging angle or swinging angular velocity), and the drum swinging means 8 is delayed. It is possible to prevent meandering and vibration of the belt 6 due to the above. However, even if the driven drum 5 swings to the target swing amount, the belt 6 to which the swing of the driven drum 5 is transmitted as described above is affected by a transient response or a response delay. When the measured position y (s) of the belt 6 detected by the belt position detecting means 21 is fed back to the first control means 14 as it is and the drum swinging means 8 is controlled, the belt 6 may overshoot or oscillate. Control is not possible.
- the swing angle ⁇ input to the second control unit 32 of the second control means 15 is also input to the third control unit 33, and the input swing angle ⁇ is calculated.
- the predicted position ym (s) of the belt 6 is obtained by inputting it into the belt response model.
- the third control unit 33 calculates a difference ⁇ y (s) between the predicted position ym (s) of the belt 6 calculated using the belt response model and the actually measured position y (s) of the belt 6, and this The difference ⁇ y (s) is treated as the deviation amount of the belt 6.
- an integrated value ⁇ is obtained by integrating the inputted swing angle ⁇ of the driven drum 5.
- This integral value ⁇ indicates the tilt angle of the driven drum 5 at the time of detection, and a predetermined constant is added to this integral value ⁇ (tilt angle of the driven drum 5) to make the transition of the belt 6 transient. It is possible to calculate the position of the belt 6 from which the influence of the response and the influence of the response delay are eliminated.
- the third control unit 33 adds the difference ⁇ y (s) obtained based on the belt response model and the position of the belt 6 obtained as the product of the integral value ⁇ and the constant ⁇ , so that the transition of the belt 6
- the detected position rm (s) of the belt 6 obtained in this way is inputted to the first control means 14 described above, and the detected position rm (s) of the belt 6 and a predetermined target position in the first control unit.
- the drum swinging means 8 is controlled so that the difference from r (s) becomes zero.
- the tire testing machine 2 used in the experimental example and the comparative example has a driving drum 4 (outer diameter 120 mm ⁇ , drum width 200 mm) and a driven drum 5 (outer diameter 120 mm ⁇ , drum width 200 mm) arranged in parallel to each other.
- the tire T (outer diameter 120 mm ⁇ , tire width 50 mm) is in contact with the upper flat surface 7U of the belt 6 (belt width 100 mm, belt length 977 mm, belt thickness 0.1 mm).
- the belt meandering prevention device 1 includes a servo motor 11 that swings the driven drum 5 about the vertical axis.
- the servo motor 11 can swing the driven drum 5 via the frame member 10.
- the belt meandering prevention apparatus 1 is provided with a light reflection type sensor C for detecting the position of the belt 6 at a sampling period of 15 Hz (6.7 ms) as a belt position detecting means 21.
- Transmission type sensors are provided near the tire T (sensor A) on the upper flat surface 7U and near the drive drum 4 (sensor B) on the lower flat surface 7D.
- FIG. 8 shows the actual measurement position of the belt 6 detected by the above-mentioned light reflection type sensor and light transmission type sensor when the belt 6 is rotated with the driven drum 5 tilted in advance by 0.25 °. It is shown.
- a belt response model is used in which a change in the deviation amount of the belt 6 with respect to the rotation angle of the driven drum 5 is expressed by an IIR discrete expression represented by Expression (1).
- the change in the position of the belt 6 is smaller than the result of the comparative example, and the overshoot of the belt 6 is suppressed.
- the drum rocking means 8 based on the detected position rm (s) of the belt 6 calculated using the belt response model, it is possible to reliably prevent overshoot and oscillation of the belt 6, It can be seen that the belt 6 can be promptly corrected to the target position to reliably prevent the belt 6 from meandering and vibrating.
- the belt response model has been described by simulating the behavior of the belt 6 in the direction opposite to the target position as an example.
- a model capable of simulating the dead time (delay) of the belt response in addition to the reverse response behavior as shown in FIG. 9 may be used.
- a belt response model reflecting only the dead time can be used.
- the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and the shape, structure, material, combination, and the like of each member can be appropriately changed without changing the essence of the invention.
- the servo motor 11 is used as the drum rocking means 8.
- the drum swinging means 8 is not limited to the servo motor 11 alone.
- the expansion / contraction amount of the hydraulic cylinder may be controlled in place of the swing angular velocity of the servo motor 11.
- the drum rocking means 8 is configured to rock the driven drum 5 around the rocking shaft portion 12.
- the swinging direction of the driven drum 5 is not limited to the rotation axis R3.
- it can also be set as the structure which rocks the driven drum 5 around the axis
- the drum swinging means 8 swings the driven drum 5 with respect to the drive drum 4.
- the drum swinging means 8 can be configured to swing the drive drum 4 with respect to the driven drum 5.
- the second control means 15 is configured to feed back the rocking angular velocity of the driven drum 5 measured by the encoder to the input side of the drum rocking means 8.
- the second control means 15 may be configured to feed back the swing angle or swing angular acceleration of the driven drum 5 to the input side of the drum swing means 8.
- the reflective infrared sensor provided on the upper flat surface 7U of the belt 6 is used for the belt position detecting means 21.
- the sensor used for the belt position detecting means 21 may not be a reflection type or an infrared sensor.
- the installation position of the belt position detecting means 21 may be anywhere as long as the position of the end of the belt 6 can be detected.
- a transmission type optical sensor may be provided on the lower flat surface 7 ⁇ / b> D, or may be provided above the driven drum 5.
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Abstract
Description
2 タイヤ試験機
3 駆動モータ
4 駆動ドラム
5 従動ドラム
6 ベルト
7D 下側の平坦面
7U 上側の平坦面
8 ドラム揺動手段
9 制御部
10 枠部材
11 サーボモータ
12 揺動軸部
13 揺動量検出手段
14 第1制御手段
15 第2制御手段
16 第3制御手段
17 PID制御手段
21 ベルト位置検出手段
31 第1制御部
32 第2制御部
33 第3制御部
R1,R2 回転軸
R3 揺動軸
T タイヤ
図1は、本実施形態のベルト蛇行防止装置1が設けられたタイヤ試験機2(走行試験装置)を示している。
次に、第1実施形態に相当する実験例と比較例とを用いて、第1実施形態のベルト蛇行防止装置1及びベルト蛇行防止方法について説明する。
図5から図6に示す本発明の第2実施形態において、タイヤ試験機2及びベルト揺動手段8の構成は第1実施形態と同様である。本実施形態は制御部9の構成及び制御部9によって実行される制御が第1実施形態とは異なる。
次に、第2実施形態に相当する実験例と比較例とを用いて、第2実施形態のベルト蛇行防止装置1及びベルト蛇行防止方法について説明する。
Claims (10)
- 一対のドラムの間に架け渡されたベルトの上に転動体を接地させて当該転動体の走行特性を評価する走行試験装置に設けられて、一方のドラムに対して他方のドラムを揺動させ且つその揺動量に応じてベルトの位置を可変とするドラム揺動手段によりベルトの蛇行を修正する蛇行防止装置であって、
前記ベルトの位置を検出し、ベルトの検出位置と予め定められた目標位置との差が零となるように、前記ドラム揺動手段を制御する第1制御手段と、
前記ドラム揺動手段により揺動された他方のドラムの揺動量を検出し、検出されたドラムの揺動量が目標の揺動量となるように、前記ドラム揺動手段を制御する第2制御手段と、
を備えていることを特徴とする走行試験装置のベルト蛇行防止装置。 - 前記第2制御手段は、他方のドラムの揺動量を検出すると共に、検出された揺動量と目標の揺動量との差を算出し、前記揺動量の差をドラム揺動手段の入力側へフィードバックすることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の走行試験装置のベルト蛇行防止装置。
- 前記第1制御手段は、前記ベルトの検出位置と前記目標位置との差分を算出し、前記差分を前記ドラム揺動手段の入力側へフィードバックすることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の走行試験装置のベルト蛇行防止装置。
- 前記第2制御手段で検出されたドラムの揺動量をベルト応答モデルに入力して得られるベルトの予測位置とベルト位置検出手段により検出されたベルトの実測位置との差分を算出し、前記ドラムの前記揺動量を積分することで得られる積分値を算出し、かつ前記差分と前記積分値に基づいて前記ベルトの検出位置を算出する第3制御手段をさらに備えることを特徴とする、請求項1乃至3のいずれかに記載の走行試験装置のベルト蛇行防止装置。
- 前記ベルト応答モデルは、前記ベルトが目標位置とは逆方向に向かって応答する挙動及び/又はベルトの応答遅れをシミュレートするものであることを特徴とする請求項4に記載の走行試験装置のベルト蛇行防止装置。
- 前記第1制御手段は、前記ベルトの検出位置と目標位置との差分から前記ドラム揺動手段の目標の揺動量を算出するPID制御手段を備えていることを特徴とする請求項3に記載の走行試験装置のベルト蛇行防止装置。
- 前記揺動量は、他方のドラムの揺動角又は揺動角速度であることを特徴とする請求項1乃至6のいずれかに記載の走行試験装置のベルト蛇行防止装置。
- 一対のドラムの間に架け渡されたベルトの上に転動体を接地させて当該転動体の走行特性を評価する走行試験装置に設けられていて、一方のドラムに対して他方のドラムを揺動させ且つその揺動量に応じてベルトの位置を可変とするドラム揺動手段を用い、ベルトの蛇行を修正する方法であって、
前記ベルトの位置を検出し、ベルトの検出位置と予め定められた目標位置との差が零となるように、前記ドラム揺動手段を制御すると共に、
前記ドラム揺動手段により揺動された他方のドラムの揺動量を検出し、検出されたドラムの揺動量が目標の揺動量となるように、前記ドラム揺動手段を制御することを特徴とする走行試験装置のベルト蛇行防止方法。 - 前記ドラムの揺動量をベルト応答モデルに入力して求めたベルトの予測位置と実際に検出されたベルトの実測位置との差分を求め、前記ドラムの揺動量の積分値と前記差分とに基づいて前記ベルトの検出位置を求めることを特徴とする請求項8に記載の走行試験装置のベルト蛇行防止方法。
- 前記ベルト応答モデルは、前記ベルトが前記目標位置とは逆方向に向かって応答する挙動及び/又は前記ベルトの応答遅れをシミュレートしたものであることを特徴とする請求項9に記載の走行試験装置のベルト蛇行防止方法。
Priority Applications (3)
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US12/736,857 US8381902B2 (en) | 2008-05-28 | 2009-05-28 | Belt meandering preventing device and belt meandering preventing method for running test device |
CN2009801192646A CN102047094B (zh) | 2008-05-28 | 2009-05-28 | 行驶试验装置的带蛇行防止装置以及带蛇行防止方法 |
EP09754766.5A EP2293038B1 (en) | 2008-05-28 | 2009-05-28 | Device and method for preventing meander of belt and adapted for use in running test device |
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JP2008139487A JP5058884B2 (ja) | 2008-05-28 | 2008-05-28 | 走行試験装置のベルト蛇行防止装置及び蛇行防止方法 |
JP2008-139487 | 2008-05-28 | ||
JP2008-294587 | 2008-11-18 | ||
JP2008294587A JP5058950B2 (ja) | 2008-11-18 | 2008-11-18 | 走行試験装置のベルト蛇行防止装置及びベルト蛇行防止方法 |
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EP (1) | EP2293038B1 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20110003551A (ja) |
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WO2011070977A1 (ja) * | 2009-12-07 | 2011-06-16 | 国際計測器株式会社 | 走行試験装置用ムービングベルト機構及び無端ベルト |
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JP5736048B2 (ja) * | 2011-06-23 | 2015-06-17 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | タイヤ試験装置 |
CN103674565B (zh) * | 2012-09-07 | 2016-08-03 | 西南科技大学 | 用于汽车地面效应试验的转轮装置 |
JP5541751B2 (ja) | 2012-10-17 | 2014-07-09 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | 逆応答系の制御装置 |
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CN103076191B (zh) * | 2013-01-10 | 2014-12-24 | 中国矿业大学 | 复杂环境轮胎激振磨损试验机 |
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EP2293038A1 (en) | 2011-03-09 |
CN102047094A (zh) | 2011-05-04 |
EP2293038B1 (en) | 2018-04-18 |
US20110066291A1 (en) | 2011-03-17 |
EP2293038A4 (en) | 2014-01-08 |
KR20110003551A (ko) | 2011-01-12 |
CN102047094B (zh) | 2013-12-18 |
US8381902B2 (en) | 2013-02-26 |
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