Classifications

• • G—PHYSICS
  • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
  • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
  • G01N5/00—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid
  • G01N5/02—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid by absorbing or adsorbing components of a material and determining change of weight of the adsorbent, e.g. determining moisture content
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
  • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
  • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
  • G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
  • G01N33/483—Physical analysis of biological material
  • G01N33/497—Physical analysis of biological material of gaseous biological material, e.g. breath
  • G01N33/4972—Determining alcohol content
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
  • B60K28/00—Safety devices for propulsion-unit control, specially adapted for, or arranged in, vehicles, e.g. preventing fuel supply or ignition in the event of potentially dangerous conditions
  • B60K28/02—Safety devices for propulsion-unit control, specially adapted for, or arranged in, vehicles, e.g. preventing fuel supply or ignition in the event of potentially dangerous conditions responsive to conditions relating to the driver
  • B60K28/06—Safety devices for propulsion-unit control, specially adapted for, or arranged in, vehicles, e.g. preventing fuel supply or ignition in the event of potentially dangerous conditions responsive to conditions relating to the driver responsive to incapacity of driver
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
  • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
  • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
  • G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
  • G01N1/22—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state
  • G01N2001/2244—Exhaled gas, e.g. alcohol detecting

Definitions

• An alcohol detection device and a vehicle including the alcohol detection device are provided.
• the present invention relates to an alcohol detection device mounted on a vehicle such as an automobile and a vehicle equipped with the alcohol detection device.
• an alcohol / interlock device is installed in the vehicle to determine whether or not the driver is drunk and to prevent the driver from starting if the driver is drunk. It is being considered.
• an exhalation-type alcohol sensor composed of a semiconductor sensor as a sensor that detects alcohol, which is an indicator of the drinking level, and this alcohol sensor is the alcohol contained in the exhalation when the driver blows on a predetermined part. It detects odors.
• this alcohol sensor may not be sufficiently sensitive to alcohol when mounted on a vehicle. Therefore, it is difficult to accurately detect the alcohol unless the driver actively blows a predetermined part of the sensor, and the acceptability to the user is low. For these reasons, this alcohol sensor is often used only for the purpose of measuring the concentration of alcohol odor and acquiring the data.
• the determination means is configured to determine whether or not the driver is in a drunk state when the frequency remains in a certain range for a predetermined time in this time series data, If the frequency exceeds the range due to frequency fluctuation, there is a concern that the determination means may determine that the driver is drinking but not drinking.
• Patent Document 1 describes a method of performing an interlock using an alcohol sensor, but does not describe the above problem.
• Patent Document 2 describes a sensing device that uses a quartz sensor that suppresses the influence of vibration by forming individual vibration regions in different regions of a crystal piece and calculating the frequency difference of each vibration region. .
• a crystal resonator has a temperature characteristic that its oscillation frequency changes depending on the ambient temperature, and it is effective to adopt the above configuration to avoid the influence of this temperature characteristic. Because different stresses are applied to each vibration region of the quartz piece and different frequency changes occur. There is a match. Therefore, this configuration is not sufficient for alcohol detection under adverse conditions in the vehicle.
• Patent Document 1 JP 2004-249847
• Patent Document 2 Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2006-33195 Summary of Invention
• the present invention has been made based on such circumstances, and the object thereof is provided in a vehicle, and an alcohol detection device that accurately detects alcohol contained in a driver's breath, and a detection result of the alcohol detection device. To provide a vehicle whose travel is restricted by the driver's operation.
• the present invention relates to an alcohol detection device provided in a vehicle for detecting alcohol contained in exhalation of a driver of the vehicle.
• An adsorption layer for adsorbing the alcohol is formed on the surface, and a vibration region for detection in which the natural frequency changes due to the adsorption of alcohol to the adsorption layer is provided in a region different from the vibration region for detection.
• a reference vibration region in which the alcohol is not adsorbed, and a first crystal unit comprising:
• Oscillation means for independently oscillating the vibration region for detection and the vibration region for reference of the first crystal unit
• An alcohol detection device comprising:
• Another invention relates to alcohol provided in a vehicle and included in the expiration of the driver of the vehicle.
• An adsorption layer for adsorbing the alcohol is formed on the surface, and a vibration region for detection in which the natural frequency changes due to the adsorption of alcohol to the adsorption layer is provided in a region different from the vibration region for detection.
• a first crystal resonator comprising: a reference vibration region, wherein the alcohol is not adsorbed; and
• Oscillation means for independently oscillating the vibration region for detection and the vibration region for reference of the first crystal unit
• the present invention may be configured as follows.
• An adsorption layer for adsorbing alcohol contained in the exhalation of passengers other than the driver is formed on the surface, and a vibration region for alcohol detection in which the natural frequency changes due to the adsorption of alcohol to the adsorption layer;
• a reference crystal vibration region provided in a region different from the vibration region for detection and not adsorbing the alcohol, and a second crystal resonator comprising:
• Oscillation means for independently oscillating the vibration region for detection and the vibration region for reference of the second crystal resonator
• a data generation means for comparison including means for creating time-series data of difference values, and means for removing the pulsating flow portion included in the time-series data as noise.
• An adsorption layer for adsorbing alcohol contained in the exhalation of passengers other than the driver is formed on the surface, and a vibration region for alcohol detection in which the natural frequency changes due to adsorption of alcohol to the adsorption layer,
• a reference crystal vibration region provided in a region different from the vibration region for detection and not adsorbing the alcohol, and a second crystal resonator comprising:
• Oscillation means for independently oscillating the vibration region for detection and the vibration region for reference of the second crystal resonator
• the removal of the pulsating portion is performed by taking a moving average with respect to time-series data.
• the vehicle of the present invention is a vehicle equipped with an alcohol detection device for detecting alcohol contained in a driver's breath.
• the alcohol detection device according to claim 1 or 2
• a control unit for restricting traveling of the vehicle by the operation of the driver based on a detection result of the detection means.
• the alcohol detection device of the present invention is an alcohol detection device in which an adsorption layer for adsorbing alcohol in a driver's breath is formed, and the natural frequency changes due to the adsorption.
• a quartz resonator having a vibration region and a reference (reference) vibration region in which the alcohol is not adsorbed, the frequency corresponding to the oscillation output of the vibration region for detection in the crystal resonator, Based on the frequency corresponding to the oscillation output of the reference vibration region in the crystal resonator, time series data of the difference value of these frequencies is created, and the pulsating part included in this time series data is created. Eliminates it as noise. Therefore, since the change due to alcohol in the verification time-series data can be suppressed from being confused by the pulsating portion, this change can be clearly grasped, and the deterioration of the alcohol detection accuracy can be suppressed.
• FIG. 1 is an external view of an automobile equipped with the alcohol detection device of the present invention.
• FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of a sensor unit constituting the alcohol detection device.
• FIG. 3 is a plan view and a longitudinal side view of a crystal resonator incorporated in the sensor unit.
• FIG. 4 is a longitudinal side view of an adsorption layer and a non-adsorption layer provided in the crystal resonator.
• FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram of the alcohol detection device.
• Fig. 6 shows an example of time-series data of output frequencies.
• Fig. 7 shows an example of time-series data of output frequencies.
• Fig. 8 shows an example of time-series data of output frequencies.
• FIG. 9 is a flowchart for determining whether or not the driver is in a drunk state.
• FIG. 10 is a configuration diagram of another alcohol detection device.
• Figure 11 is a graph showing the results of the evaluation test. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
• Fig. 1 (a) and (b) show an example of the appearance of the automobile 1 equipped with the alcohol detection device 10
• the alcohol detection device 10 includes a sensor unit 2 A, 2 B including a crystal resonator, and a processing unit 4 that calculates a frequency from the sensor unit 2 A, 2 B connected to the subsequent stage. It is configured. Further, the processing unit 4 is connected to a control unit 5 that controls the operation of the engine of the automobile 1 as will be described later.
• the sensor sections 2A and 2B are provided, respectively, which are called the driver sitting in the driver's seat 1 1 and the assistant sitting in the passenger's seat 12. Detect alcohol odors in your mind.
• the sensor units 2A and 2B have the same configuration, and the configuration of the sensor unit 2A is shown as a representative in FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b). It is preferable to provide the sensor units 2A and 2B at positions as close as possible to the driver and assistant in order to reliably detect the alcohol in the breath.
• the sensor unit 2 A includes, for example, a package 21 made of ceramics and having an upper side opened, a substrate 22 provided in the package 21, and a crystal unit 3.
• the substrate 22 is provided with a through hole 23, for example, and the crystal unit 3 is provided so as to close the through hole.
• the quartz resonator 3 has, for example, a Langevin type quartz crystal vibration whose back surface is in contact with the sealed space 24 formed by the surface of the package 21 and the through hole 23 and whose surface is in contact with the atmosphere in the vehicle. Configured as a child.
• a sensor including a crystal resonator does not need to be provided with a through hole, and is not limited to a Langevin type crystal resonator.
• the crystal unit 3 is composed of, for example, a circular crystal piece 31 formed by AT cut and electrodes 32, 33, 34, and 35 made of gold, for example.
• Figure 3 (a)
• the electrodes 32 to 35 are each formed in a rectangular shape in each semicircular region when the front and back surfaces of the crystal piece 31 are divided along the diametrical direction, and a part of the circumference of the rectangle is a part of the crystal piece 31. It is formed so as to be drawn outward.
• the protruding portion is bonded to the electrodes 25 a to 25 d provided on the substrate 2 2 via the conductive adhesive 2 6, and the electrodes 25 a to 25 d are attached to the substrate 22
• the electrodes are electrically connected to electrodes 29a to 29d provided on the back surface of the package 21 via conductive paths 27 and 28 provided in the package 21, respectively. Accordingly, the electrodes 3 2 to 35 of the crystal unit 3 are electrically connected to the electrodes 29a to 29d, respectively.
• the electrodes 3 2 and 3 3 and the electrodes 3 4 and 3 5 face each other.
• a region sandwiched between the electrodes 3 2 and 3 3 and a region sandwiched between the electrodes 3 4 and 3 5 are configured as vibration regions 3 A and 3 B.
• the vibration region 3 A can be vibrated independently by the electrodes 3 2 and 3 3
• the vibration region 3 B can be vibrated independently by the electrodes 3 4 and 3 5, and a frequency signal can be output.
• Each of the electrodes 3 2 to 3 5 has a main mode oscillation frequency in each vibration region that is different by, for example, 50 kHz, within a range that does not deviate from the purpose of making the frequency temperature characteristics uniform. I am letting.
• the vibration area 3 A is configured as a reference vibration area
• the vibration area 3 B is configured as an alcohol detection vibration area. It should be noted that a groove is formed between the vibration region 3 A and the vibration region 3 B along the length direction of the electrode 3 2 (3 3) or a conductor is formed, so that these vibration regions 3 A , You can make an elastic boundary between 3 B.
• this crystal unit 3 is configured so that one crystal piece 31 has the function of two crystal units, and each of the vibration regions 3 A and 3 B is connected to a common crystal piece 31. Therefore, when the ambient temperature changes, it is possible to obtain frequency temperature characteristics with almost the same amount of change in the oscillation frequency output from each vibration region 3 A, 3 B. As for the amount of change in the frequency received from the vibration received from the above, the difference can be suppressed by configuring each vibration region into one crystal piece 31 as described above.
• the electrode 3 2 configured to be in contact with the atmosphere inside the vehicle
• the blocking layer 7 2 which is a non-sensitive film made of a different dielectric material from the adsorption film (sensitive film) that does not react with the alcohol 71 contained in the atmosphere in the automobile 1 Is formed.
• the block layer 72 serves to prevent a change in the oscillation frequency “F 1” output from the vibration region 3 A due to the adsorption of the alcohol 71 to the surface of the electrode 3 2.
• the electrode 32 may be uncovered without being covered with the block layer 72.
• such a block layer 72 is used. It is preferable to provide it.
• the electrode 3 4 configured to be in contact with the atmosphere in the vehicle in the vibration region 3 B is selectively chemically reacted with alcohol 71 as shown in FIG. 4 (b), for example,
• An adsorbing layer 73 which is a sensitive film (adsorbing film) made of a dielectric material in which a charge is applied to a polymer material such as polystyrene, is provided.
• the oscillation frequency output from the vibration region 3B is changed, and the changed oscillation frequency F2 is extracted. You can.
• the adsorbed alcohol 71 is separated from the adsorbing layer 73 and exposed from the vibration region 3B by being exposed to an air atmosphere having a low alcohol concentration.
• the output oscillation frequency changes.
• each region 2 5 a, 2 B The temperature conditions under which 5b is placed are almost the same. Since these regions 2 5 a and 2 5 b are provided on a common crystal piece 3 1, the oscillation frequency “F 1” output from the vibration region 3 A and the vibration region 3 B are output.
• the oscillation frequency “F 2” shows frequency temperature characteristics that are almost identical to each other.
• the sensor section 2 A provided on the driver's seat 1 1 side has been described, but the sensor section 2 B provided on the passenger seat 1 2 side is configured in the same manner as the sensor section 2 A.
• a similar crystal unit 3 is provided.
• the region corresponding to the vibration region 3 A is referred to as the vibration region 3 C
• the region corresponding to the vibration region 3 B is referred to as the vibration region 3 D.
• the frequencies output from these vibration regions 3 C and 3D are F 3 and F 4.
• the oscillation frequencies “F 3” and “F 4” output from the vibration regions 3C and 3D exhibit frequency temperature characteristics that are almost identical to each other.
• FIG. 5 is a block diagram of the alcohol detection device 10.
• the processing unit 4 connected to the sensor units 2A and 2B will be described with reference to this figure.
• the processing unit 4 includes oscillation circuits 41 8 to 410, switches 43 and 45, measurement circuit units 44 and 46, and a calculation unit 5.
• the oscillation circuits 41A to 41D are provided after the sensor unit 2A and after the sensor unit 2B, and the oscillation regions 3A to 3D oscillate by the oscillation circuits 41A to 4ID.
• a switch section 43 is provided for sequentially taking the output signals from the respective channels of the sensor section 2 A into the subsequent measurement circuit section 44.
• the switch unit 43 plays a role of capturing the frequency signals from the two oscillation circuits 41 A and 4 IB in a time-sharing manner, and can obtain the oscillation frequency of each channel in parallel. For example, 1 second is divided into n (n is an even number), and the oscillation frequency of each channel is calculated sequentially by processing of 1 Zn second, so it is not strictly measured at the same time. Since the frequency is acquired more than once, it is possible to acquire the frequency of each channel substantially simultaneously.
• the switch unit 45 provided in the subsequent stage of the oscillation circuit 4 1 C, 41 D also has the role of sequentially capturing the frequency signals of each channel of the sensor unit 2 B into the subsequent measurement circuit unit 46 in the same manner as the switch unit 43. Have.
• the measurement circuit units 44 and 46 serve to measure the oscillation frequency of each channel by digitally processing the input frequency signal.
• the arithmetic unit 5 includes a bus 51.
• the bus 51 stores a CPU (central processing unit) 52, a data processing program 53, and a noise elimination program 54. Means, the first memory 55, the second memory 56, the third memory 57, and the measurement circuit units 44 and 46 described above are connected.
• the data processing program 53 plays a role of acquiring time series data related to the oscillation frequency of each channel based on the signals output from the measurement circuit units 44 and 46 and storing them in the first memory 55.
• the difference value of each time-series data between the oscillation frequency “F 1” and the oscillation frequency “F 2” in the same time zone “F 1 F2”, the oscillation frequency “F 3” ”And the oscillation frequency“ F4 ”, the difference value“ F 3— F4 ”of each time series data is calculated, and these data“ F 1— F 2 ”and“ F 3— F4 ”in the same time zone are calculated respectively.
• "(F1-F2)-(F3-F4) J is calculated to obtain time series data of these difference values. The obtained time series data is then stored in the second memory. Store in 56.
• the noise removal program 54 performs, for example, each time series data “F 1—F2”, “F 3—F4”, “(F 1 _F 2) _ (F 3—F 4)” stored in the second memory.
• a moving average of a plurality of continuous data from a given point in time to a given point in time is calculated sequentially each time the latest data is obtained for these time series data.
• FIG. 6 and 7 show that the oscillation frequency “F 1” “F 2” and the difference data “F 1—F 2” and “(F 1 ⁇ F2), J shows an example of the graph:
• the driver drinks in the car, the driver's exhalation flows to the sensor unit 2A, and the alcohol in the exhalation passes through the sensor unit 2A. It is the time when it is adsorbed by the adsorption layer 73.
• the driver gets out of the car, the exhalation stops flowing to the sensor part 2A, the alcohol concentration around the sensor part 2A decreases, and the alcohol Is the time at which the adsorbed layer 73 leaves.
• the vibration regions 3A and 3B are formed in the same crystal piece 31, so that the vibration regions 3A and 3B are formed compared to the case where the vibration regions are formed in additional ij crystal pieces.
• the difference in impact applied to A and 3 B is suppressed, but when the car 1 is traveling on a rough road or idling, the car body vibrates violently, and each vibration area 3 A, 3 B Fig. 6 (a)
• pulsating currents with different magnitudes may appear at the same time in the time series data of the oscillation frequencies “F 1” and “F 2” due to the impact.
• the oscillation frequency “F 1” is maintained lower than the original time t 1 and after t 2 due to the adsorption of alcohol, but as described above, the oscillation frequency “F”
• the pulsating flow is also generated in the difference data of these frequencies, “F 1 ⁇ F 2J”. Therefore, from this difference data “F 1 ⁇ F 2”, the frequency change between the vibration regions 3 A and 3 B due to alcohol may not be detected. Therefore, by calculating the moving average of this “F 1 ⁇ F 2”, the time series data “(F 1 ⁇ F 2),” is output. This “(F l ⁇ F 2),” reduces the force that removes the pulsating flow due to the above vibration as noise. Therefore, as shown in FIG. The frequency variation of the vibration region 3 B with respect to the region 3 A is clear.
• the sensor unit 2 B uses the same crystal unit 3 as the sensor unit 2 A.
• the vibration region 3 B of the sensor unit 2 A and the vibration region 3 D of the sensor unit 2 B are the surrounding atmosphere.
• the frequency of the oscillating signal fluctuates in the same way.
• the vibration applied to the vibration regions 3 C and 3D is different from each other as in the case where the shocks applied to the vibration regions 3 A and 3 B are different from each other.
• pulsating currents of different sizes appear at the same time.
• Pulsating to time series data “F 3— F4” May remain as noise. Therefore, in this example, the movement of “F 3 ⁇ F4” shown in FIG. 7 (c) is calculated in the same way as “(F 1 ⁇ F 2) '” is calculated from “(F 1 ⁇ F 2)”.
• the time series data “(F 3 ⁇ F4) '” with the pulsating part removed or reduced as noise is output, and the alcohol vibration region 3 C is output.
• the fluctuation of the 3D frequency is clarified.
• the assistant does not drink alcohol
• the driver's breath slightly flows to the sensor part 2 B on the passenger side, and the alcohol in the breath is only attached to the sensor part 2 B. Therefore, the frequency change amount of “(F 3 ⁇ F4) ′” is smaller than the change amount of “(F 1 ⁇ F 2) '”.
• a control unit 6 including a computer is connected to the bus 51 of the data processing unit 5.
• the control unit 6 sets the time series data (F 1 ⁇ F 2),, (F 3 ⁇ F4) ′ and ⁇ (F 1 _F 2) _ (F 3 ⁇ F 4) ⁇ Based on this, it is determined whether or not the driver is in a drinking state, as will be described later, and the determination result of the drinking state is constituted by a display connected to the control unit 6 together with each time series data. Is displayed on the displayed display 61.
• the controller 61 includes a speed limiter that limits the speed of the automobile 1, for example, and is connected to an engine controller 62 for controlling the operation of the engine.
• the engine controller 62 outputs a signal corresponding to the operation state to the control unit 6, and the control unit 6 determines whether the engine controller 6 is based on the signal and the determination result of whether or not the driver is in a drinking state.
• the control signal is output to 2 and the operation of the operating engine is suppressed to reduce the traveling speed of the automobile 1.After that, the automobile 1 is stopped or kept in a stopped state. Limit the travel of car 1.
• the control unit 6 transmits a signal to the alarm generation unit 63, and the alarm generation unit 63 receiving the signal sounds an alarm in the vehicle.
• a key detection unit 64 is connected to the control unit 6.
• the key detection unit 64 has a position detection means for detecting the position of the key of the automobile. When the key is brought into the vehicle from the outside of the vehicle, the key detection unit 64 sends an electric signal corresponding to it to the control unit 6.
• the control unit 6 that has transmitted and received the signal turns on the power switch (not shown) of the processing unit 4, for example, and the processing unit 4 is activated, and each oscillation circuit 4 1 A to 4 1 D causes each vibration region 3 As A ⁇ 3D oscillates, switches 4 3 and 4 5 are switched and frequency measurement is started.
• the key detection unit 6 4 transmits an electric signal corresponding to the key to the control unit 6, and the control unit 6 turns off the power switch of the processing unit 4. Oscillation of each oscillation area 3 A to 3 D by each oscillation circuit 4 1 A to 4 1 D and switching of switches 4 3 and 4 4 stops. Having such a so-called standby function is preferable because power consumption can be reduced compared to a case where the vibration region constantly oscillates.
• a procedure for detecting an alcohol odor in the automobile 1 will be described.
• a key of the automobile 1 is brought into the vehicle by a driver, and the key detection unit 64 detects it and transmits an electric signal to the control unit 6.
• the control unit 6 activates the processing unit 4, and the vibration regions 3A and 3B of the sensor unit 2A and the vibration regions 3C and 3D of the sensor unit 2B start to oscillate.
• the frequency signals output from the vibration regions 3 A and 3 B and the frequency signals output from the vibration regions 3 C and 3 D are time-divided and taken into the measurement circuit units 4 4 and 4 6, respectively, and are AZD converted. After each digital value is signal processed Is done.
• the frequencies “F 1 and F 2” are extracted from the frequency signals of the vibration areas 3A and 3B, and these frequencies are substantially simultaneously (for example, shifted by 12 seconds).
• the memory 55 stores the frequency “F3, F4” from the frequency signals of the vibration areas 3A and 3B, and these frequencies are almost simultaneously (for example, shifted by 1Z2 seconds). The operation stored in 68 is continued.
• the exhaled air flows to the sensor unit 2 A and the sensor unit 2 B, respectively.
• the driver's exhalation contains alcohol
• the alcohol is adsorbed to the adsorption layer 73 of the vibration region 3B of the sensor unit 2A, and is output from the vibration region 3B due to the mass load effect.
• the frequency “F 2” decreases.
• the assistant's exhalation contains alcohol
• the alcohol is adsorbed to the adsorption layer 73 of the sensor unit 2 B, and the frequency “F4” output from the vibration region 3D force due to the mass load effect is descend.
• time series data of the frequency output from each vibration region.3 A to 3D is stored in the first memory 55, and the difference between the frequency “F 2” and the frequency “F 1” and the frequency “F”
• the difference between “3” and “F4” is calculated, and the time series data “F 1 ⁇ F2” and “F 3_F4” of these differences are stored in the second memory 56.
• time series data “ ⁇ (F 1 ⁇ F 2) — (F 3-F4) ⁇ ” of the frequency difference between these vibration regions 3 A and 3B. Is stored in the second memory 56.
• the frequency of these differences may be obtained at the timing when the frequency from each vibration region is sequentially taken into the calculation unit 5. For example, when “F 1 ⁇ F 2” is obtained, the frequency of the vibration region 3 A Capture “F 1”, then around the vibration region 3B After taking the wave number “F 2”, you can subtract “F 1” force and “F 2” and write the difference to the second memory 56, or the time series data of the frequency of each vibration region After obtaining the data, you can create the time series data of the difference by matching the time axis of these data.
• the processing unit 4 continues to create the difference time series data “F 1— F 2”, “F 3_F4”, “ ⁇ (F 1 -F 2)-(F 3— F4) ⁇ ”.
• time series data “(F 1— F 2),”, “(F 3— F 4), ”and“ ⁇ (F 1 ⁇ F 2) — (F 3 ⁇ F 4) ⁇ , ” are calculated and stored in the third memory 57 and displayed on the display 61.
• the time series data “(F 1 ⁇ F 2),”, “(F 3_F4),” and “ ⁇ (F 1 -F 2)-(F 3-F4) ⁇ '” are calculated and controlled.
• Part 6 determines whether or not the driver is drinking according to the flow chart shown in FIG. First, the control unit 6 performs the “(F 1 ⁇ F 2),” force stored in the third storage unit 57 in a predetermined period that goes back about 30 seconds from the time when the latest data is obtained. It is determined whether or not the first reference value set in advance is maintained (step 1).
• the first reference value is a numerical value that serves as an indicator of whether or not the driver is drinking, but because the sensors 2 A and 2 B are installed in the same car interior, the assistant is drinking In some cases, the alcohol in the exhaled air may flow into the driver's seat 11 and be adsorbed by the sensor 2A. Therefore, the first reference value is set to a relatively high value so that it is determined that the driver is drinking even if there is an inflow of alcohol from the passenger seat 12 side. 1 _F 2) '"is greater than or equal to the first reference value, the control unit 6 determines that the driver is in a drinking state.
• Step 2 When it is determined that “(F 1 ⁇ F 2) '” is lower than the first reference value, the control unit 6 continues to perform the “(F 1 ⁇ F 2)” for the predetermined period in advance. It is determined whether or not the force is maintained above the set second reference value (Step 2).
• This second reference value Is a numerical value that is an indicator of whether or not the driver is drinking, but is lower than the first reference value. If “(F 1 ⁇ F 2) ′” is lower than the second reference value, the control unit 6 determines that the driver is not in a drinking state.
• the control unit 6 determines that (F 3 ⁇ F4), is equal to or higher than the third reference value during the predetermined period.
• This third reference value is a numerical value that serves as an index as to whether or not the assistant is drinking, for example, the same numerical value as the second reference value.
• the control unit 6 determines that (F 3 ⁇ F4), is lower than the third reference value, in this case, the assistant has not drunk, and the alcohol in the driver's breath (F 1 1) F 2), is considered to be greater than or equal to the second reference value, the control unit 6 determines that the driver is in a drinking state.
• (F 3 ⁇ F4) ′ is equal to or greater than the second reference value, then the control unit 6 determines ⁇ (F 1 — F 2) — (F 3 ⁇ F 4) ⁇ ′ (step 4).
• ⁇ (F 1 ⁇ F 2) ⁇ (F 3 ⁇ F4) ⁇ ′ is larger than a preset fourth reference value, for example, 0, that is, the decrease in frequency in the sensor unit 2 A is the sensor unit 2 B If the alcohol concentration in the driver's breath is higher than that in the driver's breath, it is determined that the driver is in a drinking state.
• ⁇ (F 1 ⁇ F 2) — (F 3 ⁇ F4) ⁇ ′ is lower than the third reference value, that is, the decrease in the frequency of the sensor unit 2 B is smaller than the decrease in the frequency of the sensor unit 2 A. If it is larger, the alcohol concentration in the breath of the assistant is higher than the alcohol concentration in the driver's breath, so that the breath of the assistant flows into the sensor unit 2A, the control unit 6 It is determined that the driver is not in a drinking state.
• the control unit 6 When it is determined that the driver is not in a drunk state, the control unit 6 does not interfere with the operation of the engine, and the engine operates according to the driver's operation. On the other hand, if it is determined that the driver is in a drunk state, the control unit 6 will check if the engine is already running. The movement is suppressed, and the vehicle 1 is gradually decelerated by, for example, a speed limiter that constitutes the engine controller 62, and the operation of the vehicle is stopped by stopping the operation of the engine. Also, if the engine is stopped, keep it stopped, and even if the driver tries to start the engine by turning the ignition of the car, the engine will not operate. To. In this way, the engine operation is controlled, and the control unit 6 displays on the display screen 61 that the driver is in the drinking state, and the alarm generation unit 63 generates an alarm in the vehicle.
• the automobile 1 includes a sensor unit 2 A including a crystal resonator 3 in which vibration regions 3 A and 3 B formed from a common crystal piece 31 are formed, and a calculation unit 5.
• the vibration regions 3 A and 3 B receive different strengths and impacts in different directions while the vehicle 1 is running or idling, etc., and the pulsating flow parts having different sizes with respect to “F 1” and “F 2” Therefore, it is possible to suppress the pulsating portion from remaining in “F 1 ⁇ F 2”, which is the time series data of the difference value calculated by the calculation unit 5, and further to the calculation unit 5 calculates the time-series data “(F 1 ⁇ F 2),” of the difference value so that the pulsating part remaining in “F 1 ⁇ F 2” is removed as noise.
• the change due to alcohol is clear, and based on this “(F 1 ⁇ F 2),” the driver's drinking level is judged.
• the determination can be made with high accuracy. In particular, it is effective to remove noise from this time-series data when determining drinking by looking at the transition of frequency time-series data in a predetermined period.
• a sensor unit 3B is also provided in the passenger seat, and the difference between the frequency difference between the vibration regions of the sensor unit 2A and the frequency difference between the vibration regions of the sensor unit 2B is calculated. Based on this, the driver's drinking status is determined, so the driver's orientation can be increased, that is, a driver who has not been drinking due to the assistant's drinking is prevented from being misidentified as being drunk, The driver's drinking level can be determined with higher accuracy.
• the sensor unit 2 B is provided in the rear seat, and by detecting an alcohol in the exhalation of the person sitting in the rear seat, the erroneous determination due to the drinking of this person may be prevented.
• the moving average is taken for the difference data “F 1_F 2” and “F 3 ⁇ F4” of the time series data obtained from each vibration region, and “(F l ⁇ F 2) 'J “(F 3 ⁇ F4) '” is obtained and the drinking status is determined based on these data.
• noise in the difference data of the time-series data obtained from each vibration area is removed.
• the noise of the time series data obtained from the vibration region may be removed, and then the determination may be made by calculating the difference of the time series data from which the noise has been removed.
• “F 1”, “F 2”, “F 3”, “F 4” time series data is taken as a moving average, and noise from these time series data is removed “F 1” , J, “F2, J,“ F3, ”,“ F4, ”are calculated and stored in the second memory 56, and the arithmetic unit 5 further selects“ F1, 1 F2 ′ ”, “F 3, _F4,” “(F 1 '— F 2,)-(F 3, _F4,)” is calculated, and the calculation result is stored in the third memory 57.
• control unit 6 replaces (F 1 ⁇ F 2) ', (F 3 ⁇ F4),, ⁇ (F 1 ⁇ F 2) ⁇ (F 3 ⁇ F 4) ⁇ , with “F 1 ′ -F 2 ′ ”,“ F3, 1F4, ”“ (F1, _F2 ′) — (F3, —F4 ′) ”Based on the time series data, determination is made in the same manner as in the above embodiment. . Even if it is such a structure, the effect similar to the said embodiment is acquired.
• FIG. 10 shows a configuration example of another alcohol detection device. Parts that are formed in the same manner as in the above embodiment are given the same reference numerals.
• a mixing circuit 71 is provided downstream of the oscillation circuits 41A and 41B, and a mixing circuit 72 is provided downstream of the oscillation circuits 41C and 41D.
• the mixing circuit 7 1 is based on the signals input from the oscillation circuits 41 A and 41 B, and the frequency difference Similarly, the mixing circuit 72 calculates the signal data of the frequency difference based on the signals input from the oscillation circuits 41 C and 41 D, and each calculated data is processed by the processing unit 4. Is transmitted to the subsequent stage and stored in the memory.
• “F 1 _F 2” and “F 3 -F4” are calculated before being transmitted to the calculation unit 5.
• the calculation unit 5 uses “ ⁇ (F 1—F 2) — (F 3—F 4) ⁇ ”, the moving average of the time series data of these difference values is computed, and the time series data from which the noise is removed is output. Even with this configuration, it is possible to obtain the same effect as the apparatus having the above configuration.
• time series data of the frequencies “F 1”, “F 2” and “F 1 -F 2” are measured, and the result is shown in FIG.
• the vertical axis indicates the frequency of F 1 and F 2
• the horizontal axis indicates time.
• the frequency “F 2” changes according to the change in “F 2” due to the adsorption of alcohol to the vibration region 3 B around 3501 seconds at the time “F 2”. Therefore, as described in the embodiment, the driver's drinking can be detected using such a frequency change.
• the calculated value at each time point is the frequency value on the vertical axis of the graph. Is not supported, but the amount of change corresponds to the scale interval on the vertical axis.

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• 2008
  • 2008-05-21 JP JP2008133414A patent/JP2009281822A/ja active Pending
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  • 2009-03-02 WO PCT/JP2009/054357 patent/WO2009142044A1/ja not_active Ceased

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