Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
  • C07F3/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 2 or 12 of the Periodic Table
  • C07F3/003—Compounds containing elements of Groups 2 or 12 of the Periodic Table without C-Metal linkages
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
  • B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
  • B01J20/22—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
  • B01J20/223—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material containing metals, e.g. organo-metallic compounds, coordination complexes
  • B01J20/226—Coordination polymers, e.g. metal-organic frameworks [MOF], zeolitic imidazolate frameworks [ZIF]
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07C53/00—Saturated compounds having only one carboxyl group bound to an acyclic carbon atom or hydrogen
  • C07C53/02—Formic acid
  • C07C53/06—Salts thereof
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07C7/00—Purification; Separation; Use of additives
  • C07C7/12—Purification; Separation; Use of additives by adsorption, i.e. purification or separation of hydrocarbons with the aid of solids, e.g. with ion-exchangers
  • C07C7/13—Purification; Separation; Use of additives by adsorption, i.e. purification or separation of hydrocarbons with the aid of solids, e.g. with ion-exchangers by molecular-sieve technique
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
  • C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
  • C10L3/06—Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by C10G, C10K3/02 or C10K3/04
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
  • C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
  • C10L3/06—Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by C10G, C10K3/02 or C10K3/04
  • C10L3/10—Working-up natural gas or synthetic natural gas
  • C10L3/108—Production of gas hydrates
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
  • B01D2253/20—Organic adsorbents
  • B01D2253/204—Metal organic frameworks (MOF's)
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2256/00—Main component in the product gas stream after treatment
  • B01D2256/24—Hydrocarbons
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
  • B01D2257/70—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/602
  • B01D2257/702—Hydrocarbons
  • B01D2257/7022—Aliphatic hydrocarbons
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
  • B01D2259/45—Gas separation or purification devices adapted for specific applications
  • B01D2259/4525—Gas separation or purification devices adapted for specific applications for storage and dispensing systems
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
  • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
  • Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage

Definitions

• the present invention relates to the use of a porous organometallic framework material for the storage or separation of methane, corresponding processes, porous organometallic frameworks and their preparation.
• the last-mentioned organometallic frameworks are distinguished in particular by the fact that storage or separation materials which can be used for special applications can be obtained by appropriate choice of the metal and of the ligand.
• magnesium formate is commercially available.
• the dihydrate of magnesium formate with the CAS no. 6150-82-9 can be obtained, for example, from Sigma Aldrich.
• organometallic framework materials known in the prior art, there is still a need for organometallic frameworks which are distinguished, in particular, by a selective behavior when stored or separated from certain gases. It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide suitable uses for storage and separation as well as other materials.
• the object is achieved by the use of a porous organometallic framework material containing at least one first and optionally one second organic compound, wherein at least the first organic compound binds at least partially bidentate to at least one metal ion, wherein the at least one metal ion is Mg (II) and wherein the first organic compound derives from formic acid and the second organic compound derives from acetic acid for the storage or separation of methane.
• a porous organometallic framework comprising at least a first and a second organic compound, wherein at least the first organic compound at least partially bidentate binds to at least one metal ion coordinating, wherein the at least one metal ion is Mg (II) and wherein the first organic compound derives from formic acid and the second organic compound from acetic acid.
• the term "inferred” is to be understood as meaning that formic acid and optionally acetic acid are present in the porous organometallic framework material according to the present invention as formate or acetate, partial protonated form being also possible.
• Fig. 1 shows the X-ray diffractogram of the organometallic framework of the invention from formate and acetate.
• the intensity (L 1n (counts)) and 2 ⁇ describe the 2-theta scale.
• the framework material according to the invention is characterized in that its X-ray diffractogram (XRD) in the range of 8 ° ⁇ 2 ⁇ ⁇ 12 ° has two reflections, which represent the largest reflections in the range of 2 ° ⁇ 2 ⁇ ⁇ 70 °.
• XRD X-ray diffractogram
• the diffractogram can be determined as follows: The sample is added as a powder to the sample container of a commercially available instrument (Siemens D-5000 diffractometer). tometer or Bruker D8-Advance).
• the radiation source used is Cu-K ⁇ radiation with variable primary and secondary apertures and secondary monochromator.
• the signal is detected by a scintillation (Siemens) or Solex semiconductor detector (Bruker).
• the measuring range for 2 ⁇ is typically chosen between 2 ° and 70 °.
• the angular step is 0.02 °, the measuring time per angular step typically 2-4s.
• In the evaluation reflexes are distinguished by a signal strength at least 3 times higher than the noise floor.
• the surface analysis can be done manually by applying a baseline to each reflex. Alternatively, programs such as "Topas Profi Ie" from Bruker can be used, the background adaptation then preferably being carried out automatically via a polynomial of the first degree in the software.
• organometallic framework according to the invention contains no further metal ions in addition to Mg (II).
• the organometallic framework according to the invention contains no further at least bidentate organic compounds which coordinate to the at least one metal ion.
• the molar ratio of first to second organic compound in the organometallic framework of the present invention is in the range of 10: 1 to 1:10. More preferably, the ratio is in the range of 5: 1 to 1: 5, more preferably in the range of 2: 1 to 1: 2, more preferably in the range of 1, 5: 1 to 1: 1, 5, more preferably in the range of 1, 2: 1 to 1: 1, 2, more preferably in the range of 1, 1: 1 to 1: 1, 1 and in particular 1: 1. Accordingly, the amounts of formic acid and acetic acid required in the preparation can be used.
• Another object of the present invention is a process for preparing a porous organometallic framework according to the invention, comprising the steps
• the process according to the invention for the preparation of the framework material according to the invention contains, as step (a), the reaction of a reaction solution containing magnesium sodium nitrate hexahydrate and formic acid, acetic acid and a solvent, at a temperature in the range of 110 0 C to 150 0 C for at least 10 hours.
• the reaction preferably takes place at least temporarily, in particular at the beginning of the reaction, with stirring.
• magnesium nitrate hexahydrate is used as a starting compound.
• its initial concentration in the reaction solution is in the range of 0.005 mol / L to 0.5 mol / L.
• the initial concentration is in the range of 0.1 mol / l to 0.4 mol / l.
• the initial concentration is in the range of 0.15 mol / l to 0.3 mol / l.
• the amount of magnesium nitrate hexahydrate is thereby supplied in an amount of the reaction solution, so that due to the precipitated solid in step (b), the magnesium concentration in the reaction solution decreases.
• the ratio of the initial amount of formic acid and acetic acid added to the initial amount of magnesium nitrate hexahydrate is in the range of 2.5: 1 to 3.0: 1. Further preferably, the ratio is in the range of 2.6: 1 to 2.9: 1, more preferably in the range of 2.7: 1 to 2.8: 1. In this case, the sum of the initial quantities of formic acid and acetic acid must be taken into account accordingly.
• the reaction solution for step (a) of the process according to the invention for the preparation of the organometallic framework according to the invention comprises, in addition to magnesium nitrate hexahydrate and formic acid and also acetic acid, a solvent.
• the solvent must be suitable for at least partially dissolving the starting materials used.
• the solvent must be chosen such that the required temperature range can be maintained.
• reaction in the process according to the invention for the preparation of the material according to the invention thus takes place in the presence of a solvent.
• solvothermal conditions can be used.
• thermal is to be understood as meaning a production process in which the reaction is carried out in a pressure vessel such that it is closed during the reaction and elevated temperature is applied so that due to the vapor pressure of existing solvent builds up a pressure within the reaction medium in the pressure vessel. In this way, if desired, the desired reaction temperature can be achieved.
• the reaction does not occur in water-containing medium and also not under solvothermal conditions.
• reaction in the process according to the invention is therefore preferably carried out in the presence of a non-aqueous solvent.
• the reaction is preferably carried out at a pressure of at most 2 bar (absolute). However, the pressure is preferably at most 1230 mbar (absolute). Most preferably, the reaction takes place at atmospheric pressure. However, this may lead to slight overpressure or depression due to the apparatus. Therefore, in the context of the present invention, the term "atmospheric pressure" is to be understood as the pressure range which results from the actual atmospheric pressure of ⁇ 150 mbar.
• the reaction takes place in a temperature range from 110 0 C to 150 0 C.
• the temperature is in the range of 1 15 0 C to 130 0 C.
• the temperature is preferably in a range from 120 0 C to 125 0 C.
• the reaction solution may further comprise a base.
• a base By using an organic solvent, it is often not necessary to use such a base. Nevertheless, the solvent for the process according to the invention can be chosen such that it reacts basicly as such, but this does not necessarily have to be for carrying out the process according to the invention.
• a base can be used. However, it is preferred that no additional base is used.
• reaction can take place with stirring, which is also advantageous in a scale-up.
• the (non-aqueous) organic solvent is preferably a d- ⁇ -alkanol, dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF), N, N-diethylformamide (DEF), N, N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc) , Acetonitrile, toluene, dioxane, benzene, chlorobenzene, methyl ethyl ketone (MEK), pyridine, tetrahydrofuran (THF), ethyl acetate, optionally halogenated Sulfolane, glycol, N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP), gamma-butyrolactone, alicyclic alcohols such as cyclohexanol, ketones such as acetone or acetylacetone, cycloketones such as cyclohexanone, sulfolene or mixtures thereof.
• DMSO dimethylsul
• a d- 6- alkanol refers to an alcohol having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. Examples of these are methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, i-propanol, n-butanol, i-butanol, t-butanol, pentanol, hexanol and mixtures thereof.
• An optionally halogenated Ci -2 oo-alkane is an alkane having 1 to 200 carbon atoms, it being possible for one or more up to all hydrogen atoms substituted by halogen, preferably chlorine or fluorine, in particular chlorine, or replaced can. Examples of these are chloroform, dichloromethane, carbon tetrachloride, dichloroethane, hexane, heptane, octane and mixtures thereof.
• Preferred solvents are DMF, DEF, DMAc and NMP. Particularly preferred is DMF.
• non-aqueous preferably refers to a solvent having a maximum water content of 10% by weight, more preferably 5% by weight, still more preferably 1% by weight, further preferably 0.1% by weight. , particularly preferably 0.01 wt .-% based on the total weight of the solvent does not exceed.
• the maximum water content during the reaction is 10% by weight, more preferably 5% by weight, and still more preferably 1% by weight.
• solvent refers to pure solvents as well as mixtures of different solvents.
• Step (a) of the process according to the invention for the preparation of the framework material according to the invention is carried out for at least 10 hours.
• the reaction is at least one day, more preferably at least two days.
• the method according to the invention comprises the step (b), separation of the precipitated solid on.
• step (a) of the preparation process according to the invention the framework material precipitates out of the reaction solution as a solid. Separation is accomplished by methods known in the art, such as filtration or the like.
• the purely magnesium formate-based porous organometallic framework material can be prepared according to the procedure outlined above or according to the synthesis as described in J.A. Rood et al., Inorg. Chem. 45 (2006), 5521-5528.
• Both the purely magnesium formate-based organometallic framework material and the magnesium-based porous organometallic framework material containing both formate and acetate can be used for the storage and separation of methane.
• the use of the framework material, containing both acetate and formate, is preferred.
• a preferred embodiment is the use of a porous organometallic framework for storage or separation of methane, wherein the framework contains the first and second organic compounds.
• a preferred use is that methane is separated from a gas mixture by means of an organometallic framework according to the invention.
• the gas mixture preferably has carbon monoxide and / or hydrogen in addition to methane.
• Another object of the present invention is thus the preferred use of the organometallic framework according to the invention and the purely magnesium formate-based framework for separating methane from a gas mixture, wherein the gas mixture in addition to methane at least one of the gases selected from the group consisting of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, having.
• a further subject of the present invention is a method for storing or separating methane, comprising the step
• Gas adsorption or separation generally takes place by methods known in the art.
• Pressure swing adsorption is described, for example, in D.M. Ruthwen et al., Wiley-VCH, 1993.
• the magnesium nitrate is dissolved in DMF in an autoclave beaker. To this is added a solution of formic acid and acetic acid and the solution is stirred for 10 min.
• the solution has a pH of 6.67
• the crystals are filtered off, washed twice with 50 ml of DMF.
• Fig. 1 shows the XRD of the obtained material, where I indicates the intensity (L m (counts)) and 2 ⁇ the 2-theta scale.
• the crystals are filtered off, washed twice with 50 ml of DMF.
• Adsorption measurements are carried out for the framework material from Example 1 and the magnesium formate-based framework material according to Example 2.
• Fig. 2 shows the uptake of methane (upper graph) at 298 K and carbon monoxide (middle graph) and hydrogen (lower graph) at 313 K for the framework of Example 1.
• Fig. 3 also shows the uptake of methane (upper graph), carbon monoxide (middle graph) and hydrogen (lower graph) using the magnesium formate-based organometallic framework known in the art under the same conditions as those used in the measurements were observed for Fig. 2.
• FIGS. 2 and 3 show the absorption A (in mmol / g) as a function of the absolute pressure p (in mmHg).

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• 2009
  • 2009-03-17 AT AT09723621T patent/ATE542786T1/de active
  • 2009-03-17 JP JP2011500191A patent/JP5453387B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2009-03-17 US US12/921,505 patent/US8343261B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2009-03-17 KR KR1020107022127A patent/KR20110003479A/ko not_active Withdrawn
  • 2009-03-17 EP EP09723621A patent/EP2279157B1/de not_active Not-in-force
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