WO2009107274A1 - 薄刃砥石及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
薄刃砥石及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2009107274A1 WO2009107274A1 PCT/JP2008/068946 JP2008068946W WO2009107274A1 WO 2009107274 A1 WO2009107274 A1 WO 2009107274A1 JP 2008068946 W JP2008068946 W JP 2008068946W WO 2009107274 A1 WO2009107274 A1 WO 2009107274A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
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- metal
- abrasive grains
- binder
- metal binder
- thin
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D3/00—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents
- B24D3/02—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent
- B24D3/04—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially inorganic
- B24D3/06—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially inorganic metallic or mixture of metals with ceramic materials, e.g. hard metals, "cermets", cements
- B24D3/08—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially inorganic metallic or mixture of metals with ceramic materials, e.g. hard metals, "cermets", cements for close-grained structure, e.g. using metal with low melting point
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D3/00—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents
- B24D3/34—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents characterised by additives enhancing special physical properties, e.g. wear resistance, electric conductivity, self-cleaning properties
- B24D3/342—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents characterised by additives enhancing special physical properties, e.g. wear resistance, electric conductivity, self-cleaning properties incorporated in the bonding agent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D5/00—Bonded abrasive wheels, or wheels with inserted abrasive blocks, designed for acting only by their periphery; Bushings or mountings therefor
- B24D5/12—Cut-off wheels
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a thin blade grindstone suitable for cutting a workpiece such as ceramics or a single crystal material, and a manufacturing method thereof.
- a thin ring-shaped electroformed thin blade grindstone is known as a thin blade grindstone (dicing blade) for cutting a workpiece such as silicon, GaAs, and ferrite with high accuracy.
- This electroformed thin-blade grindstone is formed by dispersing abrasive grains such as diamond and cBN in a metal binder, and is formed into a thin plate ring shape with a thickness of about several tens to several hundreds of ⁇ m.
- the thin-blade grindstone can hold the inner peripheral region thereof on the grindstone shaft and rotate the grindstone shaft, thereby cutting or grooving the workpiece in the outer peripheral region.
- Patent Document 1 discloses that the surface of the cutting edge portion of a metal binding material made of Ni, Co or an alloy thereof has a thickness that does not exceed the protruding amount of abrasive grains from the metal binding material.
- An electroformed thin blade grindstone in which an Sn plating layer is formed has been proposed.
- the Sn plating layer covers the surface of the metal binding material to improve the slidability, and the Sn plating layer softer than the metal binding material constitutes a buffer layer, and damages to the work piece It is said that chipping can be reduced and reduced.
- FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional structure of a thin blade grindstone manufactured by the method described in Patent Document 1.
- Abrasive grains 11 are held on the surface layer portion of the metal binder 10, and an Sn plating layer 12 having a thickness not exceeding the protruding amount of the abrasive grains 11 is formed.
- the abrasive grains 11 are slightly displaced because the abrasive grains 11 receive a load from the workpiece during cutting.
- the influence of the metal bonding material 10 is dominant, and when the metal bonding material 10 is a high-strength material such as Ni, the abrasive grains 11 can hardly be displaced, and the chipping suppression effect due to the improved buffering property of the Sn plating layer 12. I can't expect much. Furthermore, since the Sn plating layer 12 is only formed on the surface of the metal bonding material 10, the Sn plating layer 12 is worn early due to friction with the workpiece, and the buffering action cannot be maintained for a long time. There is a problem.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a method of etching the surface of a metal binder to increase the protrusion amount of a grindstone and forming a Sn plating layer thereon. In this method, it is possible to secure a certain thickness of the Sn plating layer, but since the thickness of the metal binding material is reduced by etching, the strength as the metal binding material is reduced, and the surface layer portion of the metal binding material is reduced. There is a problem that the abrasive grains that are positioned fall off. JP 2002-66935 A
- an object of a preferred embodiment of the present invention is to provide a thin blade whetstone that can reduce damage applied to a workpiece and maintain good cutting performance for a long period of time, and a method for manufacturing the same.
- the present invention provides a thin-blade grindstone in which abrasive grains are dispersedly arranged in a metal binder, and the abrasive grains located at least on the surface layer of the metal binder have a soft peripheral surface of the abrasive grains in contact with the metal binder.
- a thin blade grindstone characterized by being covered with a metal.
- the thin blade grindstone manufacturing method includes a first step of creating a metal binder in which abrasive grains are dispersed and a metal binder in contact with a peripheral surface of the abrasive grains, and selectively removing the abrasive.
- a soft metal layer is not formed only on the surface of the metal binder as in the prior art, but the peripheral surface of the abrasive grains in contact with the metal binder is covered with a soft metal. ing.
- a soft metal is interposed between the abrasive grains and the metal binder, when a load is applied to the abrasive grains during cutting, the individual abrasive grains are likely to be displaced due to the buffering effect of the soft metal, and the workpiece is processed. Damage to objects can be reduced and chipping can be suppressed.
- the soft metal is formed around the abrasive grains embedded in the metal binder, so the soft metal does not wear out at an early stage. The buffer effect can be demonstrated.
- the metal binder is immersed in an etching solution, and the metal binder in contact with the peripheral surface of the abrasive is selectively etched to obtain abrasive grains. It is possible to use a method in which a gap is formed between the peripheral surface of the metal and the metal binder, the metal binder having the gap is plated with a soft metal, and the soft metal is precipitated and grown in the gap.
- the metal binder is made of Ni
- etching with a ferric chloride solution activates the peripheral surface of the abrasive and selectively etches the metal binder in contact with the peripheral surface of the abrasive.
- a void can be formed between the metal binder.
- the gap extends not only to the abrasive grains located in the surface layer portion but also to the periphery of the inner abrasive grains close to the abrasive grains, so that the entire metal bonding material becomes porous.
- the strength as the metal bonding material can be ensured and the abrasive grains existing on the surface layer portion of the metal bonding material can be prevented from falling off.
- any one of Sn, Au, Cu, and Ag is desirable as the soft metal.
- the Young's modulus of Ni is 210 GPa, while the Young's modulus of Sn is 55 GPa, the Young's modulus of Au is 78 GPa, the Young's modulus of Cu is 120 GPa, and the Young's modulus of Ag is 73 GPa. it can.
- Sn, Au, Cu, and Ag also have good adhesion to Ni.
- the surface area of the voids is large when the metal binder that has formed voids is immersed in a plating solution containing soft metal ions.
- a soft metal can be efficiently deposited on the inner surface of the gap.
- the soft metal plating layer is formed not only on the inner surface of the gap but also on the surface of the metal binder.
- the thickness of the metal plating layer formed on the surface of the metal binder needs to be in a range not exceeding the protruding amount of the abrasive grains.
- the thickness of the Sn plating layer is, for example, 10 to 15 ⁇ m.
- abrasive grains Since the diameter needs to be larger than that, it becomes a coarse grindstone, and high-precision cutting cannot be performed.
- the periphery of the abrasive grains is individually covered with a soft metal, even a fine abrasive grain having a particle diameter of less than 10 ⁇ m can exhibit a sufficient buffering effect. Therefore, cutting with high dimensional accuracy can be performed.
- the manufacturing method of the thin-blade grindstone of the present invention is not limited to the method of etching a metal binder in which abrasive grains are dispersed and forming voids around the abrasive grains, and then plating a soft metal.
- abrasive grains previously coated with a soft metal may be used, and the abrasive grains may be dispersed and disposed in the metal binder by a general grinding wheel manufacturing method such as electroforming.
- the method for forming the soft metal in the gap is not limited to the plating method.
- the metal constituting the metal binder may be Ni, an alloy of Ni and another metal (for example, Co), or a metal other than Ni, and has mechanical strength and wear resistance equivalent to Ni. Any alloy may be used.
- Workpieces that can be cut with the thin-blade grindstone of the present invention include silicon, GaAs, ferrite and the like, as well as high-hardness materials such as piezoelectric ceramics such as PZT, quartz, LiTaO 3 single crystal, and dielectric.
- the peripheral surface of the abrasive grains is dispersed and arranged in the metal binder in a state covered with a softer metal than the metal binder, the load applied to the abrasive grains during the cutting process is soft metal. Can be absorbed by the buffering effect of the material, reducing damage to the workpiece and suppressing chipping.
- the soft metal is formed around the abrasive grains embedded in the metal binder, so the soft metal does not wear out at an early stage. The buffer effect can be demonstrated.
- a metal binding material in which abrasive grains are dispersed and created is created, and the metal binding material in contact with the peripheral surface of the abrasive grains is selectively removed, and the peripheral surface of the abrasive grains, the metal binding material, Since a void was formed between them and a soft metal was deposited and grown in the void to fill the void, the soft metal was not formed on the surface of the abrasive grains protruding from the metal binder, but the metal binder. It is formed only around the abrasive grains embedded in the metal and on the surface of the metal binder. Therefore, it is possible to efficiently produce a thin blade grind having excellent cutting performance and chipping suppression effect.
- FIG. 1A and 1B show a first embodiment of a thin-blade grindstone according to the present invention, in which FIG. 1A is a front view of the thin-blade grindstone, and FIG.
- the thin blade grindstone 1 of the present embodiment is a thin ring-shaped electroformed thin blade grindstone in which abrasive grains 2 such as diamond and cBN are dispersedly arranged in a metal binder 3, and the thickness thereof is several tens of ⁇ m. It is set to about several hundred ⁇ m, desirably 50 ⁇ m or less.
- the metal binding material 3 of this embodiment consists of a Ni plating layer.
- a gap 4 is formed between the peripheral surface of the abrasive grain 2 located on the surface layer portion of the metal binder 3 and the metal binder 3, and the gap 4 is filled with a metal 5 that is softer than the metal binder 3.
- a metal 5 that is softer than the metal binder 3.
- the soft metal 5 is also formed on the surface of the metal binder 3, and the thickness of the soft metal 5 is set to a thickness that does not exceed the protruding amount of the abrasive grains 2 from the metal binder 3.
- a metal having a lower Young's modulus than that of the metal binder 3 such as Sn, Au, Cu, or Ag can be used.
- the soft metal 5 is interposed between the abrasive grains 2 and the metal binder 3, when the abrasive grains 2 receive a load from the workpiece during cutting, The abrasive grains 2 are easily displaced, and even if the metal binding material 3 is formed of a high-strength material such as Ni, the influence can be reduced. Therefore, the damage given to the workpiece can be reduced by the buffering effect by the soft metal 5, and the chipping can be effectively suppressed. Furthermore, since the soft metal 5 is formed not only on the surface of the metal binder 3 but also in the gap 4 located inside the metal binder 3, the soft metal 5 formed in the gap 4 is not easily worn. The buffering action can be maintained for a long time. Since the metal binding material 3 that is a skeleton of the grindstone 1 is formed of a high-strength material, the grindstone 1 has good straightness and can be cut with high accuracy.
- an example of the manufacturing method of the thin blade whetstone 1 which consists of the said structure is demonstrated with reference to FIG.
- an electrolytic plating solution containing Ni in which abrasive grains 2 such as diamond are dispersed is prepared, a substrate such as stainless steel and an anode plate are disposed facing each other in this plating solution, and the substrate is connected to the cathode.
- a current is applied between the cathode and the anode, a Ni alloy plating layer is deposited on the substrate, and the metal binder 3 in which the abrasive grains 2 are uniformly dispersed is formed.
- the plating is finished, the substrate on which the metal bonding material 3 is formed is taken out of the plating solution, and the metal bonding material 3 is peeled from the substrate.
- the peeled metal binder 3 is formed into a ring shape to obtain a single-layer grindstone 1A shown in FIG.
- the single-layer grindstone 1A is immersed in an etching solution made of a ferric chloride solution, and the metal binder 3 in contact with the peripheral surface of the abrasive grain 2 is selectively etched, as shown in FIG.
- a single-layer grindstone 1B in which a gap 4 is formed between the peripheral surface of the abrasive grains 2 and the metal binder 3 is obtained.
- the void 4 is mainly formed around the abrasive grains 2 located in the surface layer portion of the metal binder 3. At this time, the thickness of the metal binder 3 hardly changes, and the abrasive grains 2 do not fall off the metal binder 3.
- the single layer grindstone 1B is immersed in an electroplating solution containing soft metal ions, the single layer grindstone 1B is used as a cathode, an anode plate is disposed opposite to the cathode, and a current flows between the cathode and the anode.
- the gap 4 is filled with the soft metal 5.
- the soft metal plating does not deposit on the non-conductive abrasive grains 2 but only on the metal binder 3.
- the thin blade grindstone 1 shown in FIG. 3C is obtained.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the state of the precipitation growth of the soft metal 5.
- the soft metal 5 is deposited on the surface of the metal binder 3 and partially deposited on the inner surface of the gap 4.
- the soft metal 5 deposited on the inner surface of the gap 4 grows and spreads over the entire gap 4 as shown in FIG. 4B, so that the gap 4 is filled with the soft metal 5.
- FIG. 5 is a surface photograph when a selective etching solution is used
- FIG. 6 is a surface photograph when a normal etching solution is used.
- the normal etching solution etching proceeds from the surface in the thickness direction, and many abrasive grains that cannot be held are generated.
- the selective etching solution it can be confirmed that there is no large change in the surface state of the grindstone and the etching is progressing (the abrasive grains are not dropped).
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional photograph when a selective etchant is used
- FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional photograph when a normal etchant is used.
- the thickness of the grindstone decreases as the etching progresses, but when the selective etching solution is used, there is no decrease in the thickness direction, and the vicinity of the abrasive grains is selectively dissolved and metal bonding is performed. It can be confirmed that a clearance is formed between the material and the abrasive grains.
- FIG. 9 shows a cross-sectional photograph when Cu is plated after etching with a selective etching solution with a reduced weight of 8%.
- This cross-sectional photograph is an image when the grindstone is divided after plating and the cross-section is observed with an SEM.
- the plating conditions are as follows.
- Plating solution Copper sulfate plating solution
- Microfab Cu300 (Tanaka Precious Metal Sales)
- Current 0.2 mA
- Plating time 500s
- the thin blade whetstone (1) is a Ni single-layer whetstone made only of a metal binder in which abrasive grains are dispersed
- the thin blade whetstone (2) is a product of the present invention in which a Ni single-layer whetstone is selectively etched and subjected to Cu plating.
- Ni electroformed single-layer grinding wheel Metal binding material: Ni Abrasive grain size: 4 / 6 ⁇ m Shape: outer diameter 52, inner diameter 40, thickness 0.04 (mm)
- Metal binder Ni Clearance formation: Selectively dissolves the vicinity of the abrasive grains by etching
- Soft material formation Film formation up to the clearance by electrolytic Cu plating method
- FIG. 10 shows the amount of chipping generated in the element when cutting is performed with both grinding stones under the following processing conditions.
- -Processing conditions Processing machine: Dicer DAD3350 (manufactured by DISCO Corporation) Spindle speed: 30000rpm
- Processing material Single crystal material (LiTaO3) Work shape: ⁇ 100 wafer Feed speed: 60mm / s Number of cuts: 1.4mm in parallel direction (relative to orientation flat), 1.0mm in vertical direction One wafer dicing at the above pitch
- the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment.
- an electroformed thin blade grindstone has been described as an example.
- a Ni plating layer is provided by electrodeposition on a base metal such as stainless steel to form a metal binder, and after this metal binder is etched, Cu plating is performed. It may be given.
- the metal binder is not limited to Ni, and the soft metal is not limited to Sn, Au, Cu, and Ag.
Abstract
Description
まず、ダイヤモンド等の砥粒2を分散させたNiを含む電解めっき液を準備し、このめっき液中にステンレス等の基板と陽極板とを対向して配置し、基板を陰極に接続する。陰極と陽極間に通電すると、基板上にNi合金めっき層が析出し、砥粒2が均一に分散された金属結合材3が形成される。金属結合材3が数十μm~数百μmとなった時点でめっきを終了し、この金属結合材3を形成した基板をめっき液から取り出し、基板から金属結合材3を剥離する。剥離した金属結合材3をリング状に成形して図3の(a)に示す単層砥石1Aを得る。
次に、単層砥石1Aを塩化第二鉄溶液よりなるエッチング液に浸漬し、砥粒2の周面に接する金属結合材3を選択的にエッチングして、図3の(b)のように砥粒2の周面と金属結合材3との間に空隙4を形成した単層砥石1Bを得る。なお、空隙4は主に金属結合材3の表層部に位置する砥粒2の周囲に形成される。このとき、金属結合材3の厚みは殆ど変化せず、砥粒2は金属結合材3から脱落しない。
次に、単層砥石1Bを軟質金属イオンを含む電解めっき液に浸漬し、単層砥石1Bを陰極とし、この陰極に対向して陽極板を配置し、陰極と陽極間に通電すると、軟質金属5が金属結合材3の表面および空隙4の内面に析出成長する。その結果、空隙4が軟質金属5によって充填される。軟質金属めっきは非導電性の砥粒2上には析出せず、金属結合材3上にのみ析出する。こうして、図3の(c)に示す薄刃砥石1が得られる。
(1)選択的エッチング液
44%塩化第二鉄液(FeCl3):純水=5:95(vol %)
エッチング液量:400ml
(2)通常エッチング液
35%塩酸:60%硝酸:純水=1:1:3(vol %)
エッチング液量:400ml
・実験砥石
砥粒径:8/20μm
形状:外径52、内径40、厚さ0.075 (mm)
・エッチング量
初期重量に対する減少重量を8%、33%、67%の3水準設定し、エッチングした。
めっき液 :硫酸銅めっき液 ミクロファブCu300(田中貴金属販売)
電流 :0.2mA
めっき時間:500s
(1)Ni電鋳単層砥石
金属結合材:Ni
砥粒径:4/6μm
形状:外径52、内径40、厚さ0.04 (mm)
(2)本発明砥石
金属結合材:Ni
クリアランス形成:エッチングにより選択的に砥粒近傍を溶解
軟質材形成:電解Cuめっき工法によりクリアランス内部まで皮膜形成
-加工条件-
加工機 :ダイサーDAD3350(株式会社ディスコ製)
主軸回転数:30000rpm
加工材料 :単結晶材料(LiTaO3)
ワーク形状:φ100ウェハ
送り速度 :60mm/s
カット本数:(オリフラに対して)平行方向1.4mm、垂直方向1.0mm
上記ピッチにてウェハ1枚ダイシング加工
2 砥粒
3 金属結合材(Niめっき層)
4 空隙
5 軟質金属(Cuめっき層)
Claims (8)
- 金属結合材中に砥粒が分散配置された薄刃砥石において、
前記金属結合材の少なくとも表層部に位置する前記砥粒において、前記金属結合材と接する前記砥粒の周面が軟質の金属で覆われていることを特徴とする薄刃砥石。 - 前記金属結合材はNiよりなることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の薄刃砥石。
- 前記軟質の金属は、Sn、Au、Cu、Agのいずれかであることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の薄刃砥石。
- 砥粒を分散配置した金属結合材を作成する第1の工程と、
前記砥粒の周面に接する金属結合材を選択的に除去して、前記砥粒の周面と金属結合材との間に空隙を形成する第2の工程と、
前記空隙に前記金属結合材より軟質の金属を析出成長させ、前記空隙に軟質の金属を充填する第3の工程と、を含む薄刃砥石の製造方法。 - 前記第2の工程は、前記金属結合材をエッチング液に浸漬し、前記砥粒の周面に接する金属結合材を選択的にエッチングして、前記砥粒の周面と金属結合材との間に空隙を形成することを特徴とする請求項4に記載の薄刃砥石の製造方法。
- 前記金属結合材はNiよりなり、
前記エッチング液は塩化第二鉄溶液であることを特徴とする請求項5に記載の薄刃砥石の製造方法。 - 前記第3の工程は、前記空隙が形成された金属結合材に対し前記軟質の金属でめっき処理し、前記空隙に軟質の金属を析出成長させることを特徴とする請求項4乃至6のいずれか1項に記載の薄刃砥石の製造方法。
- 前記軟質の金属は、Sn、Au、Cu、Agのいずれかであることを特徴とする請求項7に記載の薄刃砥石の製造方法。
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JPS4949286A (ja) * | 1972-05-10 | 1974-05-13 | ||
JPS62224576A (ja) * | 1986-03-26 | 1987-10-02 | Mitsubishi Metal Corp | 電鋳薄刃砥石の製造方法 |
JPH02292177A (ja) * | 1989-05-08 | 1990-12-03 | Shiyoufuu:Kk | 切断用薄刃回転砥石の製造方法 |
JPH06210570A (ja) * | 1993-01-14 | 1994-08-02 | Disco Abrasive Syst Ltd | 三層構造電鋳ブレード |
JP2002066935A (ja) * | 2000-08-31 | 2002-03-05 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | 電鋳薄刃砥石及びその製造方法 |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2013223912A (ja) * | 2012-04-23 | 2013-10-31 | Tokyo Seimitsu Co Ltd | 切断用ブレード |
Also Published As
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JPWO2009107274A1 (ja) | 2011-06-30 |
JP4711025B2 (ja) | 2011-06-29 |
CN101945734A (zh) | 2011-01-12 |
KR101155235B1 (ko) | 2012-06-13 |
CN101945734B (zh) | 2012-12-12 |
KR20100112180A (ko) | 2010-10-18 |
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