WO2009101721A1 - 結像光学系 - Google Patents
結像光学系 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2009101721A1 WO2009101721A1 PCT/JP2008/065433 JP2008065433W WO2009101721A1 WO 2009101721 A1 WO2009101721 A1 WO 2009101721A1 JP 2008065433 W JP2008065433 W JP 2008065433W WO 2009101721 A1 WO2009101721 A1 WO 2009101721A1
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- lens
- optical system
- imaging optical
- object side
- image
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B9/00—Optical objectives characterised both by the number of the components and their arrangements according to their sign, i.e. + or -
- G02B9/34—Optical objectives characterised both by the number of the components and their arrangements according to their sign, i.e. + or - having four components only
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
- G02B13/001—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras
- G02B13/0015—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras characterised by the lens design
- G02B13/002—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras characterised by the lens design having at least one aspherical surface
- G02B13/004—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras characterised by the lens design having at least one aspherical surface having four lenses
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an imaging optical system used for a solid-state imaging device such as a digital camera, a mobile phone with an imaging function, and a scanner.
- An imaging optical system used for a solid-state imaging device such as a digital camera, a mobile phone with an imaging function, or a scanner is disclosed in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2.
- Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 An imaging optical system used for a solid-state imaging device such as a digital camera, a mobile phone with an imaging function, or a scanner.
- Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 An imaging optical system used for a solid-state imaging device such as a digital camera, a mobile phone with an imaging function, or a scanner.
- Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 In order to reduce the size of the imaging optical system, there are a method of reducing the distance from the lens to the image plane and a method of widening the angle.
- the incident angle of the solid-state imaging device to the image plane increases, and problems such as chromatic aberration, astigmatism, field curvature, and distortion increase.
- the imaging optical system includes a first lens that is a biconvex lens, a second lens that is a biconcave lens, and a positive meniscus lens that is convex on the image side from the object side to the image plane side. 3 lenses and a fourth lens which is a negative meniscus lens convex on the object side.
- the stop is disposed closer to the object side than the image side surface of the first lens.
- the imaging optical system according to the first aspect of the present invention provides: 0.425 ⁇ f 1 / f 4 ⁇ 0.7 (1) 25 ⁇ v d2 ⁇ 28 (2) 50 ⁇ v d1 , v d3 , v d4 ⁇ 57 (3) 0.595 ⁇ f 2 / f 4 ⁇ 1.05 (4) 1.5 ⁇ f / f 1 ⁇ 2.2 (5) f 1 ⁇ f 3 (6) 1.05 ⁇ TTL / f ⁇ 1.18 (7) Meet.
- the imaging optical system it is advantageous to reduce spherical aberration of the imaging optical system by combining four pieces of positive power, negative power, positive power, and negative power. So the resolution is improved. Further, by combining a third lens that is a positive meniscus lens convex on the image side and a fourth lens that is a negative meniscus lens convex on the object side, the field curvature can be reduced. In addition, since the stop is disposed closer to the object side than the image side surface of the first lens, it is possible to reduce the size of the optical system.
- the incident angle to the image plane of the solid-state imaging device is small, and the chromatic aberration, astigmatism, field curvature, and distortion are reduced.
- the imaging optical system can be realized.
- the imaging optical system according to the second aspect of the present invention is a first lens that is a biconvex lens, a second lens that is a biconcave lens, and a positive meniscus lens that is convex on the image side from the object side to the image plane side. 3 lenses and a fourth lens which is a negative meniscus lens convex on the object side.
- the stop is disposed closer to the object side than the image side surface of the first lens.
- the imaging optical system according to the second aspect of the present invention is 0.425 ⁇ f 1 / f 4 ⁇ 0.7 (1) 1.5 ⁇ f / f 1 ⁇ 2.2 (5) f 1 ⁇ f 3 (6) 1.05 ⁇ TTL / f ⁇ 1.18 (7) 15 ⁇ f DOE / f ⁇ 100 (8) Meet.
- the imaging optical system it is advantageous to reduce spherical aberration of the imaging optical system by combining four pieces of positive power, negative power, positive power, and negative power. So the resolution is improved. Further, by combining a third lens that is a positive meniscus lens convex on the image side and a fourth lens that is a negative meniscus lens convex on the object side, the field curvature can be reduced. In addition, since the stop is disposed closer to the object side than the image side surface of the first lens, it is possible to reduce the size of the optical system.
- the incident angle to the image plane of the solid-state imaging device is small, and chromatic aberration, astigmatism, field curvature and distortion are reduced.
- a small imaging optical system can be realized.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of an imaging optical system according to Example 1.
- FIG. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating aberrations of the imaging optical system according to Example 1.
- 6 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of an imaging optical system according to Embodiment 2.
- FIG. FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating aberrations of the imaging optical system according to Example 2.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of an imaging optical system according to Example 3.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating aberrations of the imaging optical system according to Example 3.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of an imaging optical system according to Example 4.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating aberrations of the imaging optical system according to Example 4.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of an imaging optical system according to Example 5.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of an imaging optical system according to Example 5.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of an imaging optical system according to Example 6.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating aberrations of the imaging optical system according to Example 6.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of an imaging optical system according to Example 7.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating aberrations of the imaging optical system according to Example 7.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of an imaging optical system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the imaging optical system according to the present embodiment includes a first lens 1, a second lens 2, a third lens 3, and a fourth lens 4 from the object side to the image side.
- the stop is located on the object side of the image side surface of the first lens and on the image side of the apex of the object side surface of the first lens.
- the light that has passed through the first lens 1, the second lens 2, the third lens 3, and the fourth lens 4 passes through the glass plate 5 and reaches the image plane 6.
- An imaging optical system includes a first lens that is a biconvex lens, a second lens that is a biconcave lens, and a positive meniscus lens that is convex on the image side from the object side to the image plane side. And a fourth lens which is a negative meniscus lens convex on the object side.
- the shape of the lens can be determined with a smaller sag amount than when a pair of meniscus lenses is used. Can be reduced. Further, by combining a third lens that is a positive meniscus lens convex on the image side and a fourth lens that is a negative meniscus lens convex on the object side, field curvature can be reduced.
- the absolute value f i of the focal length of the i-th lens (i is an integer from 1 to 4), the absolute value of the focal length of the entire optical system is f.
- the imaging optical system according to the embodiment of the present invention is: 0.425 ⁇ f 1 / f 4 ⁇ 0.7 (1) Configured to meet. If the value of f 1 / f 4 is reduced, the incident angle to the pixel element on the image plane can be reduced while maintaining the overall length and back focus of the imaging optical system. An imaging optical system in which the value of f 1 / f 4 is 0.425 or less is not preferable because the coma aberration of the imaging optical system becomes large. An imaging optical system having a value of f 1 / f 4 of 0.7 or more is not preferable because the incident angle of light to the pixel element on the image plane becomes large.
- the imaging optical system according to the embodiment of the present invention is: 1.5 ⁇ f / f 1 ⁇ 2.2 (5) Configured to meet.
- An imaging optical system having a value of f / f 1 of 1.5 or less is difficult to downsize.
- An imaging optical system having an f / f 1 value of 2.2 or more has a small processing tolerance of the first lens and is difficult to manufacture.
- An imaging optical system is: f 1 ⁇ f 3 (6) Configured to meet. Since the principal point is located on the object side when the first lens has the maximum positive power, the imaging optical system can be easily miniaturized.
- the imaging optical system by 1.05 ⁇ TTL / f ⁇ 1.18 (7) Configured to meet.
- An imaging optical system having a TTL / f value of 1.05 or less is not preferable because the incident angle of light to the pixel element on the image plane becomes large.
- An imaging optical system having a TTL / f value of 1.18 or more is difficult to downsize.
- An imaging optical system where the Abbe number of the Abbe number i-th lens is v di , 25 ⁇ v d2 ⁇ 28 (2) 50 ⁇ v d1 , v d3 , v d4 ⁇ 57 (3) Configured to meet. Since the stop is disposed closer to the object side than the image side surface of the first lens having positive power, the use of a high refractive index and high dispersion lens for the second lens having negative power effectively reduces chromatic aberration. be able to.
- the imaging optical system according to the embodiment of the present invention is: 0.595 ⁇ f 2 / f 4 ⁇ 1.05 (4) Configured to meet.
- correction of chromatic aberration is excessive.
- An imaging optical system having a value of f 2 / f 4 of 1.05 or more has insufficient correction of chromatic aberration, and high resolution cannot be achieved.
- achromating may be performed using a diffraction grating.
- the focal length of the diffraction grating as f DOE
- the imaging optical system according to the embodiment of the present invention is 15 ⁇ f DOE / f ⁇ 100 (8) Configured to meet.
- f DOE 1 / (2C2)
- the optical path difference function is a first-order diffraction order with respect to a normalized wavelength of 587.56 nm.
- h represents a distance from the optical axis
- C2 and C4 represent constants.
- An imaging optical system having a DOE value of 15 or less is not sufficiently achromatic and cannot sufficiently improve the resolution.
- An image forming optical system having a DOE value of 100 or more is excessively achromatic.
- the grating period of the diffraction grating is shortened, making manufacturing difficult.
- Table 1 and Table 2 of the imaging optical system according to Example is a table showing the specifications of the imaging optical system of Example 1 to 7.
- the unit of the numerical value representing the focal length in Table 1 is millimeter. Other numbers are unnamed numbers.
- the unit of numerical values for CRA in Table 2 is degrees.
- the unit of other numerical values is millimeter.
- n di represents the refractive index of the i-th lens with respect to light having a wavelength of 587.6 nanometers.
- Fno. Represents an F number representing the brightness of the entire optical system.
- EFL represents the effective focal length of the entire optical system.
- CRA represents the maximum incident angle of the chief ray to the pixel element on the image plane. The incident angle is maximum at the periphery of the image.
- BF represents back focus.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of an imaging optical system according to the first embodiment.
- the imaging optical system according to Embodiment 1 includes a first lens 1, a second lens 2, a third lens 3, and a fourth lens 4 from the object side to the image side.
- the stop 11 is located on the object side of the image side surface of the first lens 1 and on the image side of the apex of the object side surface of the first lens 1.
- the light that has passed through the first lens 1, the second lens 2, the third lens 3, and the fourth lens 4 passes through the glass plate 5 and reaches the image plane 6.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing aberrations of the imaging optical system according to Example 1.
- FIG. 2A is a diagram showing axial chromatic aberration.
- the horizontal axis of Fig.2 (a) shows the focus position (a unit is a millimeter) of an optical axis direction.
- shaft of Fig.2 (a) shows the passage position in the aperture_diaphragm
- FIG. 2B is a diagram showing astigmatism and field curvature.
- the horizontal axis of FIG.2 (b) shows the focus position of an optical axis direction (a unit is a millimeter).
- shaft of FIG.2 (b) shows image height (a unit is a millimeter).
- the dotted line represents the position of the meridian image plane, and the solid line represents the position of the spherical image plane.
- FIG. 2C is a diagram showing distortion.
- the horizontal axis of FIG.2 (c) shows a distortion aberration (distortion).
- shaft of FIG.2 (c) shows image height (a unit is a millimeter).
- Table 3 is a table showing lens data of the imaging optical system according to Example 1.
- the distance between the diaphragm surfaces is the position of the second surface when the position of the diaphragm is used as a reference and the image side is positive.
- the surface interval of the second surface is the interval between the second surface and the third surface (the image side surface of the second lens).
- Table 4 is a table showing coefficients and constants of expressions representing the aspherical shapes of the second surface to the ninth surface.
- the aspherical shape is a quadratic curve represented by the following formula: That is, an optical axis symmetric rotation surface rotated about the z axis.
- k is a constant that determines the shape of the quadratic curve
- c is the central curvature.
- A is a correction coefficient.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of the imaging optical system according to the second embodiment.
- the imaging optical system according to Example 2 includes a first lens 201, a second lens 202, a third lens 203, and a fourth lens 204 from the object side to the image side.
- the stop 2011 is located on the object side of the image side surface of the first lens 201 and on the image side of the apex of the object side surface of the first lens 201.
- the light that has passed through the first lens 201, the second lens 202, the third lens 203, and the fourth lens 204 passes through the glass plate 205 and reaches the image plane 206.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing aberrations of the imaging optical system according to Example 2.
- FIG. 4A is a diagram showing axial chromatic aberration.
- the horizontal axis of Fig.4 (a) shows the focus position (a unit is a millimeter) of an optical axis direction.
- the vertical axis in FIG. 4A indicates the passing position in the aperture of the light beam. 0 on the vertical axis indicates that the light beam passes through the center of the stop, and 1 on the vertical axis indicates that the light beam passes through the end of the stop.
- FIG. 4B is a diagram showing astigmatism and field curvature.
- the horizontal axis of FIG.4 (b) shows the focus position of an optical axis direction (a unit is a millimeter).
- shaft of FIG.4 (b) shows image height (a unit is a millimeter).
- the dotted line represents the position of the meridian image plane, and the solid line represents the position of the spherical image plane.
- FIG. 4C is a diagram showing distortion.
- the horizontal axis of FIG.4 (c) shows a distortion aberration (distortion).
- shaft of FIG.4 (c) shows image height (a unit is a millimeter).
- Table 5 is a table showing lens data of the imaging optical system according to Example 2.
- the distance between the surfaces of the diaphragms is the position of the second surface when the position of the diaphragm is a reference and the image side is positive.
- the surface interval of the second surface is the interval between the second surface and the third surface (the image side surface of the second lens).
- Table 6 is a table showing coefficients and constants of equations representing the aspherical shapes of the second surface to the ninth surface.
- the aspherical shape is a quadratic curve represented by the following formula: That is, an optical axis symmetric rotation surface rotated about the z axis.
- k is a constant that determines the shape of the quadratic curve
- c is the central curvature.
- A is a correction coefficient.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of the imaging optical system according to the third embodiment.
- the imaging optical system according to Example 3 includes a first lens 301, a second lens 302, a third lens 303, and a fourth lens 304 from the object side to the image side.
- the stop 3011 is located on the object side of the image side surface of the first lens 301 and on the image side of the apex of the object side surface of the first lens 301.
- the light that has passed through the first lens 301, the second lens 302, the third lens 303, and the fourth lens 304 passes through the glass plate 305 and reaches the image plane 306.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing aberrations of the imaging optical system according to Example 3.
- FIG. 6A is a diagram showing axial chromatic aberration.
- the horizontal axis of Fig.6 (a) shows the focus position (a unit is a millimeter) of an optical axis direction.
- shaft of Fig.6 (a) shows the passage position in the aperture_diaphragm
- FIG. 6B is a diagram showing astigmatism and field curvature.
- the horizontal axis of FIG.6 (b) shows the focus position of an optical axis direction (a unit is a millimeter).
- shaft of FIG.6 (b) shows image height (a unit is a millimeter).
- the dotted line represents the position of the meridian image plane, and the solid line represents the position of the spherical image plane.
- FIG. 6C is a diagram showing distortion.
- the horizontal axis of FIG.6 (c) shows a distortion aberration (distortion).
- shaft of FIG.6 (c) shows image height (a unit is a millimeter).
- Table 7 is a table showing lens data of the imaging optical system according to Example 3.
- the distance between the diaphragm surfaces is the position of the second surface when the position of the diaphragm is used as a reference and the image side is positive.
- the surface interval of the second surface is the interval between the second surface and the third surface (the image side surface of the second lens).
- Table 8 is a table showing the coefficients and constants of the expressions representing the aspherical shapes of the second surface to the ninth surface.
- the aspherical shape is a quadratic curve represented by the following formula: That is, an optical axis symmetric rotation surface rotated about the z axis.
- k is a constant that determines the shape of the quadratic curve
- c is the central curvature.
- A is a correction coefficient.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of the imaging optical system according to the fourth embodiment.
- the imaging optical system according to Example 4 includes a first lens 401, a second lens 402, a third lens 403, and a fourth lens 404 from the object side to the image side.
- the stop 4011 is located on the object side of the image side surface of the first lens 401 and on the image side of the apex of the object side surface of the first lens 401.
- the light that has passed through the first lens 401, the second lens 402, the third lens 403, and the fourth lens 404 passes through the glass plate 405 and reaches the image plane 406.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing aberrations of the imaging optical system according to Example 4.
- FIG. 8A is a diagram showing axial chromatic aberration.
- the horizontal axis of Fig.8 (a) shows the focus position (a unit is a millimeter) of an optical axis direction.
- shaft of Fig.8 (a) shows the passage position in the aperture_diaphragm
- FIG. 8B is a diagram showing astigmatism and field curvature.
- the horizontal axis of FIG.8 (b) shows the focus position of an optical axis direction (a unit is a millimeter).
- shaft of FIG.8 (b) shows image height (a unit is a millimeter).
- the dotted line represents the position of the meridian image plane, and the solid line represents the position of the spherical image plane.
- FIG. 8C is a diagram showing distortion.
- the horizontal axis of FIG.8 (c) shows a distortion aberration (distortion).
- shaft of FIG.8 (c) shows image height (a unit is a millimeter).
- Table 9 is a table showing lens data of the imaging optical system according to Example 4.
- the diaphragm surface interval is the position of the second surface when the position of the diaphragm is used as a reference and the image side is positive.
- the surface interval of the second surface is the interval between the second surface and the third surface (the image side surface of the second lens).
- Table 10 is a table showing coefficients and constants of expressions representing the aspherical shapes of the second surface to the ninth surface.
- the aspherical shape is a quadratic curve represented by the following formula: That is, an optical axis symmetric rotation surface rotated about the z axis.
- k is a constant that determines the shape of the quadratic curve
- c is the central curvature.
- A is a correction coefficient.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of the imaging optical system according to the fifth embodiment.
- the imaging optical system according to Example 5 includes a first lens 501, a second lens 502, a third lens 503, and a fourth lens 504 from the object side to the image side.
- the stop 5011 is located on the object side of the image side surface of the first lens 501 and on the image side of the apex of the object side surface of the first lens 501.
- the light that has passed through the first lens 501, the second lens 502, the third lens 503, and the fourth lens 504 passes through the glass plate 505 and reaches the image plane 506.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing aberrations of the imaging optical system according to Example 5.
- FIG. 10A is a diagram showing axial chromatic aberration.
- the horizontal axis of Fig.10 (a) shows the focus position (a unit is a millimeter) of an optical axis direction.
- shaft of Fig.10 (a) shows the passage position in the aperture_diaphragm
- FIG. 10B is a diagram showing astigmatism and curvature of field.
- the horizontal axis of FIG.10 (b) shows the focus position of an optical axis direction (a unit is a millimeter).
- shaft of FIG.10 (b) shows image height (a unit is a millimeter).
- the dotted line represents the position of the meridian image plane, and the solid line represents the position of the spherical image plane.
- FIG.10 (c) is a figure which shows a distortion aberration.
- the horizontal axis of FIG.10 (c) shows a distortion aberration (distortion).
- shaft of FIG.10 (c) shows image height (a unit is a millimeter).
- Table 11 is a table showing lens data of the imaging optical system according to Example 5.
- the distance between the diaphragm surfaces is the position of the second surface when the position of the diaphragm is used as a reference and the image side is positive.
- the surface interval of the second surface is the interval between the second surface and the third surface (the image side surface of the second lens).
- Table 12 is a table showing coefficients and constants of expressions representing the aspherical shapes of the second surface to the ninth surface.
- the aspherical shape is a quadratic curve represented by the following formula: That is, an optical axis symmetric rotation surface rotated about the z axis.
- k is a constant that determines the shape of the quadratic curve
- c is the central curvature.
- A is a correction coefficient.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of the imaging optical system according to the sixth embodiment.
- the imaging optical system according to Example 6 includes a first lens 601, a second lens 602, a third lens 603, and a fourth lens 604 from the object side to the image side.
- the diaphragm 6011 is located on the object side of the image side surface of the first lens 601 and on the image side of the apex of the object side surface of the first lens 601.
- the light that has passed through the first lens 601, the second lens 602, the third lens 603, and the fourth lens 604 passes through the glass plate 605 and reaches the image plane 606.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram showing aberrations of the imaging optical system according to Example 6.
- FIG. 12A is a diagram showing axial chromatic aberration.
- the horizontal axis of Fig.12 (a) shows the focus position (a unit is a millimeter) of an optical axis direction.
- shaft of Fig.12 (a) shows the passage position in the aperture_diaphragm
- FIG. 12B is a diagram showing astigmatism and curvature of field.
- the horizontal axis of FIG.12 (b) shows the focus position of an optical axis direction (a unit is a millimeter).
- shaft of FIG.12 (b) shows image height (a unit is a millimeter).
- the dotted line represents the position of the meridian image plane, and the solid line represents the position of the spherical image plane.
- FIG. 12C is a diagram showing distortion.
- the horizontal axis of FIG.12 (c) shows a distortion aberration (distortion).
- shaft of FIG.12 (c) shows image height (a unit is a millimeter).
- Table 13 is a table showing lens data of the imaging optical system according to Example 6.
- the surface distance of the diaphragm is the position of the second surface when the position of the diaphragm is used as a reference and the image side is positive.
- the surface interval of the second surface is the interval between the second surface and the third surface (the image side surface of the second lens).
- Table 14 is a table showing coefficients and constants of expressions representing the aspherical shapes of the second surface to the ninth surface.
- the aspherical shape is a quadratic curve represented by the following formula: That is, an optical axis symmetric rotation surface rotated about the z axis.
- k is a constant that determines the shape of the quadratic curve
- c is the central curvature.
- A is a correction coefficient.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of the imaging optical system according to the seventh embodiment.
- the imaging optical system according to the seventh embodiment includes a first lens 701, a second lens 702, a third lens 703, and a fourth lens 704 from the object side to the image side.
- the stop 7011 is on the object side of the image side surface of the first lens 701 and on the image side of the apex of the object side surface of the first lens 701.
- the light that has passed through the first lens 701, the second lens 702, the third lens 703, and the fourth lens 704 passes through the glass plate 705 and reaches the image plane 706.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram showing aberrations of the imaging optical system according to Example 7.
- FIG. 14A shows axial chromatic aberration.
- the horizontal axis of Fig.14 (a) shows the focus position (a unit is a millimeter) of an optical axis direction.
- shaft of Fig.14 (a) shows the passage position in the aperture_diaphragm
- FIG. 14B is a diagram showing astigmatism and curvature of field.
- the horizontal axis of FIG.14 (b) shows the focus position of an optical axis direction (a unit is a millimeter).
- shaft of FIG.14 (b) shows image height (a unit is a millimeter).
- the dotted line represents the position of the meridian image plane, and the solid line represents the position of the spherical image plane.
- FIG. 14C is a diagram showing distortion.
- the horizontal axis of FIG.14 (c) shows a distortion aberration (distortion).
- shaft of FIG.14 (c) shows image height (a unit is a millimeter).
- Table 15 is a table showing lens data of the imaging optical system according to Example 7.
- the distance between the diaphragm surfaces is the position of the second surface when the position of the diaphragm is used as a reference and the image side is positive.
- the surface interval of the second surface is the interval between the second surface and the third surface (the image side surface of the second lens).
- Table 16 is a table showing coefficients and constants of expressions representing the aspherical shapes of the second surface to the ninth surface.
- the aspherical shape is a quadratic curve represented by the following formula: That is, an optical axis symmetric rotation surface rotated about the z axis.
- k is a constant that determines the shape of the quadratic curve
- c is the central curvature.
- A is a correction coefficient.
- the first lens 701 includes a diffraction grating on the image side surface.
- the optical path difference function is a first-order diffraction order with respect to a normalized wavelength of 587.56 nm.
- h represents a distance from the optical axis
- C2 and C4 represent constants.
- Table 17 is a table showing constants of the optical path difference function.
- a diaphragm of the imaging optical system according to the embodiment of the present invention is located on the object side from the image side surface of the first lens and on the image side from the vertex of the object side surface of the first lens.
- the dimensions of the entire imaging optical system (the object side surface of the first lens and The distance from the surface on the object side to the image plane) of the diaphragm surface can be reduced.
- n di is a refractive index of the i-th lens with respect to light having a wavelength of 587.6 nanometers.
- the refractive power of the lens can be increased and the spread of the central ray of the light beam can be increased.
- the incident angle of the central ray at the periphery of the image plane can be reduced.
- the lower limit value and the upper limit value of the formula (9) are the refractive index range of the full olefin polyester among the plastics used for the lens. This material is preferable as a lens material of the imaging optical system according to the present invention because it has a high refractive index, low water absorption, and is easy to be thinly molded.
- n di is a refractive index of the i-th lens with respect to light having a wavelength of 587.6 nanometers.
- n d1 ⁇ 1.515 (10)
- n d3 ⁇ 1.515 (11)
- n d4 ⁇ 1.515 (12)
- the refractive indexes of the first, third, and fourth lenses be smaller than the refractive index of the second lens.
- Fno. Is an F number representing the brightness of the entire optical system. 2.75 ⁇ Fno. ⁇ 3.0 (13) To further satisfy.
- An imaging optical system having an Fno. Of 2.75 or less has a small tolerance for lens processing and a tolerance for assembly, and is difficult to manufacture.
- An imaging optical system having an Fno. Of 3.0 or more has a short amount of light and is likely to cause camera shake.
- the numerical aperture (NA) is reduced and the resolution is lowered.
- the lenses are all made of plastic. Therefore, all the lenses can be manufactured by molding, which is suitable for mass production.
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Abstract
Description
0.425<f1/f4<0.7 (1)
25<vd2<28 (2)
50<vd1,vd3,vd4<57 (3)
0.595<f2/f4<1.05 (4)
1.5<f/f1<2.2 (5)
f1<f3 (6)
1.05<TTL/f<1.18 (7)
を満たす。
0.425<f1/f4<0.7 (1)
1.5<f/f1<2.2 (5)
f1<f3 (6)
1.05<TTL/f<1.18 (7)
15< fDOE /f<100 (8)
を満たす。
本発明の実施形態による結像光学系は、物体側から像面側に、両凸レンズである第1レンズ、両凹レンズである第2レンズ、像側に凸の正のメニスカスレンズである第3レンズおよび物体側に凸の負のメニスカスレンズである第4レンズを備える。正のパワー、負のパワー、正のパワー、負のパワーの4枚を組み合わせることにより結像光学系の球面収差を低減することができるので解像度が向上する。物体側に両凸レンズである第1レンズおよび両凹レンズである第2レンズを使用することにより、一組のメニスカスレンズを使用する場合よりも少ないサグ量でレンズの形状を決めることができ製造コストを低減することができる。また、像側に凸の正のメニスカスレンズである第3レンズおよび物体側に凸の負のメニスカスレンズである第4レンズを組み合わせることによって像面湾曲を小さくすることができる。
本発明の実施形態による結像光学系は、
0.425<f1/f4<0.7 (1)
を満たすように構成される。f1/f4の値を小さくすれば、結像光学系の全長とバックフォーカスを維持しながら、像面の画素素子への入射角度を小さくすることができる。f1/f4の値が0.425以下である結像光学系は、結像光学系のコマ収差が大きくなり好ましくない。f1/f4の値が0.7以上である結像光学系は、像面の画素素子への光の入射角度が大きくなり好ましくない。
本発明の実施形態による結像光学系は、
1.5<f/f1<2.2 (5)
を満たすように構成される。f/f1の値が1.5以下である結像光学系は、小型化するのが困難である。f/f1の値が2.2以上である結像光学系は、第1レンズの加工の許容誤差が小さくなり、製造が困難となる。
本発明の実施形態による結像光学系は、
f1<f3 (6)
を満たすように構成される。第1レンズが正の最大パワーを持つことによって主点位置が物体側に来るので結像光学系を小型化しやすくなる。
第1レンズの物体側の面および絞り面のうち物体側にある面から像面までの距離(結像光学系の全長)をTTLとして、本発明の実施形態による結像光学系は、
1.05<TTL/f<1.18 (7)
を満たすように構成される。TTL/fの値が1.05以下である結像光学系は、像面の画素素子への光の入射角度が大きくなり好ましくない。TTL/fの値が1.18以上である結像光学系は、小型化するのが困難となる。
第iレンズのアッベ数をvdiとして、本発明の実施形態による結像光学系は、
25<vd2<28 (2)
50<vd1,vd3,vd4<57 (3)
を満たすように構成される。正のパワーを有する第1レンズの像側の面より物体側に絞りが配置されているので、負のパワーを有する第2レンズに高屈折率高分散レンズを使用すると効率的に色収差を低減することができる。
本発明の実施形態による結像光学系は、
0.595<f2/f4<1.05 (4)
を満たすように構成される。f2/f4の値が0.595以下である結像光学系は、色収差の補正が過剰になる。f2/f4の値が1.05以上である結像光学系は、色収差の補正が不足し、高解像度が達成されない。
高屈折率高分散レンズを使用して色消しを行う代わりに、回折格子を使用して色消しを行ってもよい。回折格子の焦点距離をfDOEとして、本発明の実施形態による結像光学系は、
15< fDOE /f<100 (8)
を満たすように構成される。
φ=C2×h2+C4×h4+・・・
とした場合に
fDOE=1/(2C2)
によって定義される。ただし、光路差関数は、規格化波長587.56nmに対する回折次数1次のものである。光路差関数の式において、hは光軸からの距離を示し、C2およびC4は定数を示す。
表1および表2は、実施例1乃至7の結像光学系の仕様を表す表である。表1の焦点距離を表す数値の単位はミリメータである。その他の数値は無名数である。表2のCRAを表す数値の単位は度である。その他の数値の単位はミリメータである。表1において、ndiは、波長587.6ナノメータの光に対する第iレンズの屈折率を表す。また、Fno.は、光学系全体の明るさを表すエフ・ナンバーを表す。表2において、EFLは、光学系全体の有効焦点距離を表す。また、CRAは、像面の画素素子への主光線の最大入射角度を表す。入射角度は像の周辺部において最大となる。BFは、バックフォーカスを表す。
図1は、実施例1による結像光学系の構成を示す図である。実施例1による結像光学系は、物体側から像側に、第1レンズ1、第2レンズ2、第3レンズ3および第4レンズ4を備える。絞り11は、第1レンズ1の像側の面より物体側で第1レンズ1の物体側の面の頂点より像側にある。第1レンズ1、第2レンズ2、第3レンズ3および第4レンズ4を通過した光は、ガラス板5を通過して像面6に至る。
図3は、実施例2による結像光学系の構成を示す図である。実施例2による結像光学系は、物体側から像側に、第1レンズ201、第2レンズ202、第3レンズ203および第4レンズ204を備える。絞り2011は、第1レンズ201の像側の面より物体側で第1レンズ201の物体側の面の頂点より像側にある。第1レンズ201、第2レンズ202、第3レンズ203および第4レンズ204を通過した光は、ガラス板205を通過して像面206に至る。
図5は、実施例3による結像光学系の構成を示す図である。実施例3による結像光学系は、物体側から像側に、第1レンズ301、第2レンズ302、第3レンズ303および第4レンズ304を備える。絞り3011は、第1レンズ301の像側の面より物体側で第1レンズ301の物体側の面の頂点より像側にある。第1レンズ301、第2レンズ302、第3レンズ303および第4レンズ304を通過した光は、ガラス板305を通過して像面306に至る。
図7は、実施例4による結像光学系の構成を示す図である。実施例4による結像光学系は、物体側から像側に、第1レンズ401、第2レンズ402、第3レンズ403および第4レンズ404を備える。絞り4011は、第1レンズ401の像側の面より物体側で第1レンズ401の物体側の面の頂点より像側にある。第1レンズ401、第2レンズ402、第3レンズ403および第4レンズ404を通過した光は、ガラス板405を通過して像面406に至る。
図9は、実施例5による結像光学系の構成を示す図である。実施例5による結像光学系は、物体側から像側に、第1レンズ501、第2レンズ502、第3レンズ503および第4レンズ504を備える。絞り5011は、第1レンズ501の像側の面より物体側で第1レンズ501の物体側の面の頂点より像側にある。第1レンズ501、第2レンズ502、第3レンズ503および第4レンズ504を通過した光は、ガラス板505を通過して像面506に至る。
図11は、実施例6による結像光学系の構成を示す図である。実施例6による結像光学系は、物体側から像側に、第1レンズ601、第2レンズ602、第3レンズ603および第4レンズ604を備える。絞り6011は、第1レンズ601の像側の面より物体側で第1レンズ601の物体側の面の頂点より像側にある。第1レンズ601、第2レンズ602、第3レンズ603および第4レンズ604を通過した光は、ガラス板605を通過して像面606に至る。
図13は、実施例7による結像光学系の構成を示す図である。実施例7による結像光学系は、物体側から像側に、第1レンズ701、第2レンズ702、第3レンズ703および第4レンズ704を備える。絞り7011は、第1レンズ701の像側の面より物体側で第1レンズ701の物体側の面の頂点より像側にある。第1レンズ701、第2レンズ702、第3レンズ703および第4レンズ704を通過した光は、ガラス板705を通過して像面706に至る。
φ=C2×h2+C4×h4+・・・
と表す。ただし、光路差関数は、規格化波長587.56nmに対する回折次数1次のものである。光路差関数の式において、hは光軸からの距離を示し、C2およびC4は定数を示す。
本発明の実施形態による結像光学系の絞りは第1レンズの像側の面より物体側で第1レンズの物体側の面の頂点より像側に位置する。
本発明の実施形態による結像光学系は、ndiは、波長587.6ナノメータの光に対する第iレンズの屈折率として、
1.6<nd2<1.62 (9)
をさらに満たす。
本発明の実施形態による結像光学系は、ndiは、波長587.6ナノメータの光に対する第iレンズの屈折率として、
nd1<1.515 (10)
nd3<1.515 (11)
nd4<1.515 (12)
をさらに満たす。
本発明の実施形態による結像光学系は、Fno.は、光学系全体の明るさを表すエフ・ナンバーとして、
2.75<Fno.<3.0 (13)
をさらに満たす。
本発明の実施形態による結像光学系は、レンズが全てプラスチックで形成されている。したがって、レンズをすべてモールド成形で製作でき、量産に適している。
Claims (7)
- 物体側から像面側に、両凸レンズである第1レンズ、両凹レンズである第2レンズ、像側に凸の正のメニスカスレンズである第3レンズおよび物体側に凸の負のメニスカスレンズである第4レンズを備えた結像光学系であって、絞りが第1レンズの像側の面より物体側に配置され、fiは第iレンズの焦点距離の絶対値、fは光学系全体の焦点距離の絶対値、vdiは第iレンズのアッベ数、TTLは第1レンズの物体側の面および絞り面のうち物体側にある面から像面までの距離として、
0.425<f1/f4<0.7 (1)
25<vd2<28 (2)
50<vd1,vd3,vd4<57 (3)
0.595<f2/f4<1.05 (4)
1.5<f/f1<2.2 (5)
f1<f3 (6)
1.05<TTL/f<1.18 (7)
を満たす結像光学系。 - 物体側から像面側に、両凸レンズである第1レンズ、両凹レンズである第2レンズ、像側に凸の正のメニスカスレンズである第3レンズおよび物体側に凸の負のメニスカスレンズである第4レンズを備えた結像光学系であって、絞りが第1レンズの像側の面より物体側に配置され、第1レンズの像側の面に回折格子を備え、fiは第iレンズの焦点距離の絶対値、fDOEは回折格子の焦点距離、fは光学系全体の焦点距離の絶対値、TTLは第1レンズの物体側の面および絞り面のうち物体側にある面から像面までの距離として、
0.425<f1/f4<0.7 (1)
1.5<f/f1<2.2 (5)
f1<f3 (6)
1.05<TTL/f<1.18 (7)
15< fDOE /f<100 (8)
を満たす結像光学系。 - 絞りが第1レンズの物体側の面の頂点より像側にある請求項1または2に記載の結像光学系。
- ndiは、波長587.6ナノメータの光に対する第iレンズの屈折率として、
1.6<nd2<1.62 (9)
をさらに満たす請求項1から3のいずれかに記載の結像光学系。 - ndiは、波長587.6ナノメータの光に対する第iレンズの屈折率として、
nd1<1.515 (10)
nd3<1.515 (11)
nd4<1.515 (12)
をさらに満たす請求項1から4のいずれかに記載の結像光学系。 - Fno.は、光学系全体の明るさを表すエフ・ナンバーとして、
2.75<Fno.<3.0 (13)
をさらに満たす請求項1から5のいずれかに記載の結像光学系。 - レンズが全てプラスチックで形成されている請求項1から6のいずれかに記載の結像光学系。
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Also Published As
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CN101755230B (zh) | 2011-12-07 |
US20100172024A1 (en) | 2010-07-08 |
CN101755230A (zh) | 2010-06-23 |
JP4317933B1 (ja) | 2009-08-19 |
US7944627B2 (en) | 2011-05-17 |
JPWO2009101721A1 (ja) | 2011-06-02 |
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