Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
  • B21L—MAKING METAL CHAINS
  • B21L3/00—Making chains or chain links by bending the chain links or link parts and subsequently welding or soldering the abutting ends
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
  • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
  • B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
  • B23K20/129—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding specially adapted for particular articles or workpieces

Definitions

• Chain link for a round or profile chain and constructed from such chain links round or
• the invention relates to a method for producing welded round or profile chains of interconnected chain links. It also also refers to a chain link for a round or profile chain as well as to a constructed from such chain links round or profile chain.
• chain links are usually made of wire coils (coils) or rods (wire diameters from about 22 mm), the latter cut on benders into individual stubs (pins), this bent to open chain links and the latter then to a (not yet welded) Chain connected.
• wire coils coils
• rods wire diameters from about 22 mm
• the present invention seeks to propose a new manufacturing process for producing welded round and profile chains, in which for the chain links significantly more materials than those used in the previously used in pre-bent chain links materials and various cross-sectional and chain link forms are realized can.
• this is achieved in a method for producing welded round and profile chains of interconnected chain links characterized in that the chain links are each made of two chain link sections, which are joined together by friction welding.
• the mutually facing end surfaces of the chain link sections lie against each other over their entire surface or against a friction disc between them and when moving relative to each other across their entire area away rub against each other, wherein by the relative movement of the two chain link sections each other or by the movement of a friction disc arranged between the sections, in each case the end faces of each chain link section over their entire surface area be heated by the friction occurring to the desired temperature for Reibsch spaung.
• each chain link section z. B. parallel to each other and be aligned as well as perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the chain link, which particularly easy to friction welding required heating process in the end surfaces of each chain link portion in the relative movement of the chain link sections to each other (or a friction disc relative to them) can be achieved can.
• chain link sections used can also be pre-bent in the production method according to the invention, they can equally be produced by means of other production techniques.
• the chain link sections in the inventive method z. B. also be forged, cast or manufactured by sintering technology, without that would result in the process according to the invention any restriction.
• the most varied cross-sectional shapes and chain link shapes can be realized, since the implementation of the manufacturing method according to the invention is no longer bound to the bending deformation process for the chain links.
• chain links made of very different materials, such.
• the manufacturing method according to the invention can also be used optimally for the series production of chains, wherein in the friction welding after the heating phase of the welding joints also, as in the other known methods, a final upsetting operation is performed, which terminates the weld defined.
• the manufacturing method according to the invention can also be optimally used for rapidly successive welds.
• the manufacturing method according to the invention can be readily welded for the first time, stainless steels or even powder steels, etc. and use for chain production.
• the chain link sections to be welded also require no special preparation or processing, since unevenness at the weld joints before welding can be simply "rubbed away".
• semi-links are preferably used as chain link sections, so that each chain link is made up of two half links, which not only makes possible a cost-effective but also a particularly rapid production.
• chain link sections with different profile cross sections.
• a particularly advantageous embodiment of the manufacturing method according to the invention also consists in that chain link sections are used made of sintered material, which can be very advantageous just in terms of cost of production.
• chain link sections made of non-ferrous metals are used, such as aluminum, titanium, copper, magnesium and their alloys, creating a very large and flexible adaptability to special requirements of the user Chains is created.
• the friction welding process step used can be carried out with any known friction welding technique.
• linear friction welding linear fiction welding
• orbital friction welding orbital friction welding
• Friex process are very particularly preferred.
• the end or abutting surfaces of the individual chain link sections which are to be welded together can basically be provided as desired in the production method according to the invention, as far as their arrangement only permits the use of the friction welding technique at all.
• the abutment surfaces are particularly preferably designed and arranged in such a way that, for each chain link, the friction welding is carried out along a welding plane located in a parting plane of the chain link.
• the invention also provides a chain link for a round or profile chain, which is simple and economical to produce and in terms of its design as well as the usable material with him significantly greater design options than known chain links permits.
• This is inventively achieved in a chain link for a round or profile chain in that it consists of two chain link sections, which are interconnected by friction welding.
• the chain link sections are two half links, that is, it is constructed from two half links, which are connected to one another by friction welding. This is a particularly economical and simple construction, which also allows a rapid welding process.
• chain link sections may also be advantageous in a chain link according to the invention, if the chain link sections have different shapes, in particular different profile cross sections, whereby a flexible and very good adaptability to the requirements of specific applications is achieved.
• the chain link sections may preferably be sintered parts for many applications, which leads to the advantages basically achievable with the use of sintered parts.
• the chain link according to the invention can be made of a wide variety of metals, steels and their alloys, including non-ferrous metals, particularly preferably made for the chain link according to the invention, the chain link sections of an insert or tempering steel with a carbon content of more than 0.25% can achieve significant improvements in the strength properties over known chains.
• the chain link sections but also made of thermoplastic material or plastic / metal composite material, for. As aluminum on the inside and plastic on the outside of the chain link.
• the chain link sections of a chain link according to the invention made of high-alloy stainless, austenitic, martensitic, ferritic or ledeburitic steel, resulting in a particularly high wear resistance and tensile, Bending, torsional, shear and shear strength of such a chain link according to the invention can be achieved.
• Figures 1 to 3 show the prior art, namely Figure 1 is a pre-bent chain link.
• Fig. 2 a plurality of interconnected to form a chain pre-bent chain links
• FIG. 9 shows another form of a half-link according to the invention
• 10 shows a welded according to the invention, consisting of half-links according to FIG 9 chain.
• Fig. 11 shows two different configurations of the shape of different lengths of the invention half-members;
• 12 shows a chain according to the invention, constructed from the chain links according to FIG. 11, with different long chain link pitches;
• FIG. 13 shows another form of a half-link according to the invention
• FIG. FIG. 14 shows an embodiment of a chain according to the invention consisting of half links according to FIG. 13;
• FIG. 13 shows another form of a half-link according to the invention
• FIG. 14 shows an embodiment of a chain according to the invention consisting of half links according to FIG. 13;
• FIG. 15 shows a further embodiment of a half-link according to the invention
• FIG. FIG. 16 shows a welded chain produced from half-links according to FIG. 15,
• FIG. 17 shows a further embodiment of a chain link which can be produced from two chain-link sections by friction welding.
• Such chain links 1 can be made of wire coils (coils) withdrawn wire or rods (at Draht designedmessem from about 22 mm), which then cut on bending machines into individual stubs (pins) and to Chain links 1 are bent, are produced.
• the end faces of the pre-bent chain links 1 are still relatively far away from each other, so that the individual chain links 1 are hooked according to Fig. 1 for forming a chain, then the distance between the two end faces 2 of the pre-bent chain link 1 is reduced so that as shown in Fig.
• the interconnected links 1 can no longer be disengaged from one another because the passage cross-section between the end faces 2 of the open ends of each link 1 is too small to allow the full thickness of the bent leg of the hinged adjacent links to pass through ,
• the chain links 1 of the illustration of FIG. 2 are then connected to each other by subsequent welding of the respective two end surfaces 2a, 2b each pre-bent chain link 1 by means of resistance butt welding or flash butt welding, resulting in the finished welded chain 3, as shown in Fig. 3rd is shown, in which the welds 4 are visible.
• a pre-bent chain link 1 as shown in principle in FIG. 1, requires a bending process with which only round or profiled wires can be processed with simple cross-sections to form a welded chain 3. Chain links with more complicated cross sections or different cross sections can not be produced with such a bending process. Because of the above-mentioned welding method, only certain alloys and metals can be used, in particular steels with carbon contents of more than 0.25% are no longer weldable with said fusion welding because of the risk of cracking then occurring.
• two chain links 1 according to the invention which can be produced in each case from two chain link sections 5a, 5b in the form of half links are shown, which can be connected to one another by means of a friction welding method, namely by means of linear friction welding.
• a friction welding method namely by means of linear friction welding.
• the chain link 1 of FIG. 5 consists of two half-links 5a, 5b of the type already known from FIG. 4, but here the half link 5a is not retained and the half link 5b is oscillated in the common clamping plane of both half links in the manner shown in FIG is moved, but now even both half-links 5a, 5b each perpendicular to
• FIGS. 7 and 8 now show two further possibilities of welding the two chain link sections 5a and 5b:
• a linear plate in the form of an oscillating disc 7 is now provided instead of the rotating disk 6, which oscillates in a plane parallel to the flat end surfaces 2a, 2b and 2a ', 2b', wherein, again after reaching the desired Welding temperature, by the action of the axial compression force S, the two chain link sections 5a and 5b towards each other pressed (and each against the vibrating disc 7) and, in alignment with each other, are welded to the latter.
• Friex processes The friction welding methods which can be removed from FIGS. 7 and 8 are referred to as so-called Friex processes.
• FIG. 9 now shows another form for a chain link section 5a, again in the form of a half link, which corresponds to the division of a chain link 1 in a center plane perpendicular to its clamping plane.
• a chain 3 made of such chain link sections 5a and 5b by friction welding is shown in FIG.
• the welds 4 of the individual chain links 1 are in the chains of the two embodiments, seen in the circumferential direction of each chain link 1, offset by 90 ° to each other.
• welds 4 can be arranged on a chain link 1 basically in any position and the embodiments shown in the figures show only specific embodiments.
• FIG. 11 two chain link sections 5a and 5a '(each in the form of a half-link) shown, which are provided for the production of chain links 1 with unequal division, which alternately in the course of the chain corresponding to FIG get connected. While the chain link section 5a shown on the left in FIG. 11 is provided for the production of a chain link 1 with the pitch ⁇ 2, the chain link section 5a 'shown on the right in FIG. 11 is for producing a chain link 1' with a larger pitch t1 certainly. It results in a chain 3, as shown in Fig. 12, in which the individual chain links 1 and 1 'have alternately unequal length leg lengths.
• chain link section 5a Another form of chain link section 5a is shown in FIG.
• the outer contour of the chain links 1, which can be produced from such chain link sections 5a, is rectangular.
• FIG. 15 shows a chain 3 constructed from such chain link sections 5a.
• the chain link sections 5a, 5b shown there have a respective non-circular profile cross section at the end surfaces 2a, 2b when the material strand is used. But even this is only by way of example, it could of course also here profile cross sections be used, which show any rounded, in particular an oval or circular, cross-sectional shape.
• a chain link 1 is shown that consists of two chain link sections 5a and 5b, none of which, however, is designed as a half-link and which are significantly different in shape from each other.
• the one, larger chain link section 5a forms one of the two longitudinal legs with the attached at its ends bow pieces 12, while the second chain link section 5b 'represents a straight, larger portion of the longitudinal leg 11 opposite other longitudinal leg of this chain link 1.
• the respective end surfaces 2a and 2a 'to be welded are offset relative to one another in the axial direction, so that the welding points produced during welding no longer lie in a common welding plane, so that two mutually offset welding planes must be used for the friction welding. This distinguishes this chain link form of all chain link forms of the preceding figures, in which the welding points 4 of each chain link 1 were always in a common welding plane.
• the two chain link sections 5a 'and 5b' can be moved in their relative movement relative to each other (when carrying out the friction welding process) both in the form of a linear relative movement and in the form of a rotating relative movement. So z.
• the large chain link portion 5a 'held in its position and the small chain link portion 5b' either inside the step-up center plane (arrow F) of the chain link 1 or oscillate perpendicular to this linear, or even the smaller chain link portion 5b 1 held and the larger chain link portion 5a 'are moved oscillating relative to the former in the two said levels.
• a pressing force effective in the longitudinal direction of the smaller chain link section 5b ' has to be provided in a thickness to provide the planar end surfaces ⁇ 2a, 2a' and 2b 'respectively to be welded Placing the end surfaces 2a and 2a 'and 2b and 2b' has sufficient size.
• the welding process is again terminated by applying an impact force S of sufficient size to produce the contact pressure required for the welding at the various surfaces to be welded together.
• the chain link 1 can be composed in a variety of other ways from two differently designed chain link sections, which can be connected to each other by friction welding according to one or all of the friction welding methods.
• the mutually rubbing end surfaces 2a, 2b, 2a ', 2b' also different than just be formed (in a mutually complementary shape): however, their shape must ensure that frictional contact over the respective entire end face (when the two end surfaces to be welded together aligned) and also the Relative movement of the end surfaces to each other can be performed unhindered in persistent frictional contact.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
• Devices For Conveying Motion By Means Of Endless Flexible Members (AREA)
• Load-Engaging Elements For Cranes (AREA)
• Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)

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Cited By (2)

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Citations (2)

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• 2007
  • 2007-12-20 DE DE102007061512A patent/DE102007061512A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2008
  • 2008-12-18 US US12/809,811 patent/US8186141B2/en active Active
  • 2008-12-18 ES ES08864551T patent/ES2368595T3/es active Active
  • 2008-12-18 EP EP08864551A patent/EP2219803B1/de active Active
  • 2008-12-18 CN CN2008801214636A patent/CN101918159A/zh active Pending
  • 2008-12-18 WO PCT/EP2008/010842 patent/WO2009080289A1/de not_active Ceased
  • 2008-12-18 PL PL08864551T patent/PL2219803T3/pl unknown
  • 2008-12-18 JP JP2010538464A patent/JP2011506100A/ja active Pending
  • 2008-12-18 AT AT08864551T patent/ATE521434T1/de active

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