WO2009025384A1 - 凹凸表面欠陥の検出方法及び装置 - Google Patents
凹凸表面欠陥の検出方法及び装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2009025384A1 WO2009025384A1 PCT/JP2008/065221 JP2008065221W WO2009025384A1 WO 2009025384 A1 WO2009025384 A1 WO 2009025384A1 JP 2008065221 W JP2008065221 W JP 2008065221W WO 2009025384 A1 WO2009025384 A1 WO 2009025384A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/72—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables
- G01N27/82—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
- G01B7/34—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring roughness or irregularity of surfaces
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/72—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables
- G01N27/82—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws
- G01N27/83—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws by investigating stray magnetic fields
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an uneven surface defect detection method and apparatus for detecting an uneven surface defect having an unevenness amount of 0.5 ⁇ to 6 jum and an area of 10 mm 2 or more in a rough surface of 5 to 2 ⁇ .
- An uneven surface defect with a shape with a force area of 10 mm 2 or more is observed. This is hereinafter referred to as a micro uneven surface defect.
- Figure 4 shows a schematic diagram of the cross section of this micro uneven surface defect. This, although large can of the minute uneven surface defects as the area is 10mm 2 ⁇ 1000mm 2 mm, unevenness is in the 5 ⁇ ⁇ less as mentioned above, in the smallest iota mu [pi! It is very small in the same order as before and after, and surface roughness.
- micro uneven surface defects are caused by unevenness generated on the roll being transferred to the steel sheet, and if it occurs, it will occur continuously until the roll is replaced or the process is improved. This is extremely important from the viewpoint of yield improvement.
- visual inspection was performed after all the coils had stopped running during operation and the inspector rubbed the wheel. is doing. When grinding with a grindstone, the convex part hits the grindstone more than the concave part and the reflectance becomes higher, so the difference between the concave and convex parts becomes clear and can be visually confirmed. This is called grinding stone inspection.
- Patent Document 1 is an inspection technique for a mirror surface, and when applied to an object with a large surface roughness, the convergent light / divergent light force due to the irregularities of the eyelids depends on the surface roughness. There is a problem that wrinkles cannot be detected because they are confused by diffused light.
- Patent Document 2 is not effective unless it has a high specularity such as a force applied to a steel plate or a beam stainless steel plate. In addition, it is effective for uneven defects in a direction perpendicular to the illumination light, but there is a problem that sufficient detectability cannot be obtained for uneven defects in a parallel direction.
- Patent Document 3 determines the presence or absence of wrinkles based on the total amount of light applied to a wafer having a rough surface before polishing, a clear signal due to wrinkles cannot be detected. Therefore, there is a problem that detection accuracy is low.
- the detection signal corresponds to the defect size, so there is also a lower limit to the defect size in the thickness direction of the steel plate to be inspected. It is considered by those skilled in the art that the lower limit is about 10 zm (Non-Patent Documents 2 to 5).
- Non-Patent Document 6 also includes the results of a search survey on whetstone inspection level flaw detection conducted by the Steel Technology Policy Committee of the Steel Federation's Rolling and Refinement System Cold Rolling Training WG from September 1994 to July 1995 (although a search survey result report regarding wrinkle detection seeds technology at the whetstone inspection level is disclosed, it is very small as an object of the present invention! Regarding the automatic detection of ⁇ convex surface defects, the examples we have worked on in the past are mainly detection methods using light. I haven't seen any examples of how to take the yarn by the method.
- the object of detection of the present invention is to grind the surface of a steel plate and try to detect minute irregular surface defects that can be visually confirmed by leakage magnetic flux inspection. It was completely unexpected for a magnetic flaw detector engineer.
- Patent Document 1 JP-A-58-86408
- Patent Document 2 JP-A-5-256630
- Patent Document 3 JP-A-6-58743
- Patent Document 4 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-298102
- Patent Document 5 JP-A-8-160006
- Non-Patent Document 1 Japan Steel Association Quality Control Subcommittee NDI Division (Technology Transfer Technology Study Group) edited February 28, 2001 Leakage magnetic flux flaw detection method for steel products
- Non-Patent Document 2 CAMP-ISIJ Vol.10 (1997) -289 Development of high-precision inclusion inspection system for thin steel sheet
- Non-Patent Document 3 Japan Iron and Steel Institute Production Engineering Division 131st Control Technology Subcommittee Chiba 2C Development of GL Gauge Defect Equipment June 2004
- Non-Patent Document 4 CAMP-ISIJ Vol.7 (1994) -1270 Development of on-line small non-metallic inclusion inspection equipment
- Non-Patent Document 5 Kawasaki Steel Technical Report 31 1999 4.211-215 On-line measurement of internal quality and inspection technology in the manufacture of thin steel sheets
- Non-Patent Document 6 Steel Federation, Steel Technology Policy Committee, Rolling and Finishing System Cold Rolling Survey WG July 1995 Search Report on Search Results for Seed Detection Technology at Whetstone Inspection Level Disclosure of Invention
- unevenness that is difficult to detect automatically and that is difficult to detect automatically, such as being detected by a grinding stone inspection, is usually difficult to observe on a test object having a roughness of Ra 0.5 to 2 / zm. It is an object of the present invention to provide a practical method and apparatus for detecting irregular surface defects that can reliably detect irregularities on the order of several ⁇ m.
- the detection is performed under the condition that the magnetic flux density of the magnetic metal to which the magnetic flux is applied is 75% or more and less than 95% of the magnetic flux density when the magnetic saturation occurs, and 95% or more of the magnetic flux density when the magnetic saturation occurs.
- the detection is performed by combining the case where the intensity of the magnetic field applied to the magnetic metal is 4000 ⁇ / ⁇ 1 or more and less than 25000 A / m and 25000 A / m or more. Detection method.
- the signal is a physical quantity due to distortion of the uneven surface defect generated in the downstream process from the roll causing the defect and in the upstream process from the process having an annealing action.
- the signal is a physical quantity due to distortion of the! HI convex surface defect generated in the process downstream from the roll causing the defect and in the process after temper rolling [1] to [9]
- Micro-HI1 convex surface defect detection device for detecting micro-concave surface defects of 6 ⁇ or less, and detecting a signal caused by distortion of the defect portion of the subject According to the present invention, there is provided a device for detecting minute surface irregularities, wherein the surface defects are detected.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an apparatus configuration example according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- Figures 2 (a) to 2 (d) are diagrams showing an example of leakage magnetic flux flaw detection results and shape measurement results before and after annealing.
- Figure 3 shows the relationship between strain and leakage flux.
- 4 (a) to 4 (b) are schematic views showing the cross-sectional shape of the irregular surface defect.
- FIG. 5 shows a comparison between strong and weak magnetization conditions.
- Figure 6 shows the relationship between magnetic field strength, signal level, and S / N.
- Fig. 7 is a diagram showing BH curves for three steels with different C%.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an example of a manufacturing process for a cold-rolled steel sheet.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a first example of the relationship between lift-off and S / N.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a second example of the relationship between lift-off and S / N.
- Fig. 11 is a diagram schematically showing how a small or large defect is measured.
- 12 (a) to 12 (b) are diagrams showing the form of a defect sample used as an evaluation object of the present invention.
- Figure 13 shows the leakage flux signal S with respect to the thickness of the defect in Fig. 12 (a). It is a figure which shows the relationship of / N.
- Fig. 14 shows the relationship between the size of the defect in the thickness direction and the thickness of the steel plate to be measured.
- Figure 15 shows an enlarged view of the vertical axis in Figure 14 in the range of 0 to 10 ⁇ and the horizontal axis in the range of 0 to 1.5 mm.
- the present inventors first measured X-rays for a plurality of defects in order to measure the micro uneven surface defects (seal micro uneven surface defects) generated by the mouth that is the object of the present invention. Diffraction measurements were taken and the physical properties were analyzed. As a result, it was confirmed that these roll-type micro uneven surface defects had distortions that were thought to have occurred when wrinkles were transferred from the roll.
- FIG. 2 shows the data of a defect slightly larger than the minimum level for the surface irregularity of 5 ⁇ m and the minute unevenness.
- Figures 2 (a) and (b) are the states before annealing
- Figures 2 (c) and (d) are the states after annealing.
- Figures 2 (a) and (c) are the shape distributions in the longitudinal direction (passing plate direction)
- (b) and (d) are the values of the detection signal in the leakage magnetic flux flaw detector in the longitudinal direction (passing plate direction). Is shown.
- the result was that the amount of strain measured by X-ray diffraction measurement before and after annealing was greatly reduced from 0.00217 to 0.00067.
- the leakage flux signal is also halved from 0.85V to 0.41V at the defect before and after annealing. Since this defect is a defect slightly larger than the minimum level, the leakage flux signal level is about 1/2. Even if it becomes, it can be confirmed that the signal is greatly reduced by removing one distortion that is still at the level where it can be detected at the last minute.
- Fig. 3 shows the relationship between strain and leakage flux. X-ray diffraction measurement was performed on a plurality of rollable micro uneven surface defects with approximately the same unevenness, the distortion was measured, and the results were plotted against the leakage magnetic flux flaw detection results. Figure 3 shows that there is a strong correlation between distortion and the leakage flux signal. From this, it can be seen that distortion is detected by leakage flux.
- the inventors cannot detect the defect only by the signal due to the concave shape of the surface defect of the rollable micro unevenness, which is the unevenness of the same order as the roughness, but the rollability
- a detection method using magnetic flux detection method using magnetic flux in this case is, for example, by detecting the signal of the buttocks distortion that occurs when a minute uneven surface defect occurs in accordance with the signal caused by the unevenness.
- DC leakage magnetic flux inspection, AC leakage magnetic flux inspection, eddy current inspection, residual magnetic flux measurement, magnetic particle inspection, etc. Based on this discovery, various conditions were optimized according to the characteristics of the micro uneven surface defect, and the present invention was achieved.
- the leakage magnetic flux signal is generated by strain because the lattice spacing of the crystal of the test object changes due to strain, and this causes a change in the interaction between spins, resulting in a change in magnetic properties. Possible cause.
- the intensity of the magnetic field applied to the subject referred to here is not the sum of the magnetic fields generated from the magnetizer that magnetizes the subject, but the magnetic field that is directly in the subject region of the subject. That is, in the subject area of the subject
- these leakage flux inspection devices are usually used for product inspection on the final line, and there are various processes from the time of defect occurrence to the inspection.
- the strain generated when a defect occurs is removed by heat, and the strain is released by other stresses such as tension during feeding, and the strain is released.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a manufacturing process example of a cold-rolled steel sheet.
- the main manufacturing processes for cold-rolled steel sheets are annealing, annealing, and pressure regulation after cold rolling.
- the roll-type micro uneven surface defects which are the detection targets of the present invention, are a cold-rolling roll, a mouth in the annealing furnace in the annealing process after the cold rolling, and a pressure-control opening after the annealing.
- a heat process such as an annealing process is usually added to eliminate the effect of hardening that occurs during rolling.
- the temperature may rise to the recrystallization temperature.
- the defect signal becomes weak as in the above experiment. Therefore, immediately after the mouth causing the defect as shown in “Position A” shown in FIG. 8 or after the roll causing the defect as shown in “Position B”, the strain is released. It is necessary to measure before the level of thermal process (process with annealing effect).
- the strain is applied again by temper rolling (pressure regulation).
- the defect portion is given a strain of a different size compared to the normal portion due to the unevenness, even after the thermal process, as shown in “Position C” shown in FIG. It is possible to detect a defect after pressure adjustment.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an apparatus configuration example according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- 1 is a steel plate
- 2 is a roll-shaped micro uneven surface defect
- 3 is a DC power supply
- 5 is a magnetic sensor
- 6 is an amplifier
- 7 is a filter circuit
- 8 is a defect detector
- 9 is a roll.
- Each represents a surface defect detection device.
- the steel plate 1 there are 2 microscopic unevenness defects with the same level of roughness as several meters in the thickness direction.
- the steel plate 1 is provided with a rollable micro uneven surface defect detection device 9.
- the rollable micro uneven surface defect detection apparatus has the following configuration.
- a magnetizer 4 and a magnetic sensor 5 are arranged on the same side of the steel plate 1.
- the magnetizer 4 is magnetized by being supplied with a direct current from the magnetic power source 3.
- the magnetic flux generated between the two magnetic poles by the magnetizer 4 passes through the steel plate 1. If the defect 2 is present in the steel plate 1, the distortion generated when the defect 2 occurs is around the defect 2, thereby preventing the magnetic flux, and the change can be detected by the magnetic sensor 5.
- the output signal of the magnetic sensor 5 is amplified by an amplifier 6 and then filtered by a filter circuit 7. The part where the signal of more than a certain value is matched is judged as a defect by 8 defect judgment machines.
- leakage flux flaw detection is performed using a DC signal
- an AC signal may be used.
- a synchronous detection circuit is required.
- the magnetizer and magnetic sensor when using a force DC signal in which the magnetizer and magnetic sensor are arranged on the same side of the steel plate, they may be placed opposite to each other with the steel plate sandwiched between them. If the frequency is sufficiently low with respect to the plate thickness, they may be placed opposite to each other with the steel plate interposed therebetween.
- the defect determiner 9 determines the defect based on the signal intensity from the defect, and determines the force signal intensity by combining the length, width, and area of the point where the signal intensity exceeds a certain value. It doesn't matter if you decide to combine them with two or more of them. If an AC signal is used, it may be determined using the phase of the AC signal.
- the present inventors first measured B-H karp for several steel types with different components, and the results are shown in FIG. B-H curves for three steels with different C% are shown.
- A is an ultra-low carbon steel (C% -0.0-0.002) and B is a low-carbon steel (C% -0.03- (0.0.06) and C represent hoguchi steel (C% approx. 0.0009), but there was no difference in the B-H curve due to the difference in steel type.
- these steel types were tested for roll-type micro uneven surface defects.
- the following is a representative example of the result (example of extremely low coal).
- Figure 5 shows a comparison between the strong and weak magnetic conditions, which shows an example of flaw detection on a roll-type micro uneven surface defect under strong (48000 A / m) and weak (8000 A / m) conditions. It can be seen that the signal level is reduced.
- Figure 6 shows the signal level, noise level, and S / N plotted against the magnetic field by repeating the same measurement while changing the value of the magnetic field.
- the S / N is higher than 5 at less than 4000 A / m and less than 25000 A / m, making it suitable for detection.
- this magnetic field has a magnetic flux density of 95% to 75% of the magnetic flux density in the saturation magnetization state when steel is the target.
- the signal level increases at a magnetic field of 25000 A / m or more, especially exceeding 40000 A / m (however, the noise level also increases, so the S / N increases significantly). Not) This is presumably because the signal components from the four convexity of defects are increasing. It is desirable to measure the signal from the irregularities of the defect at the saturation magnetic level that has been used conventionally.
- the magnetic flux density at which the magnetic field is 25000 A / m or more corresponds to 95% or more of the saturation magnetization state from FIG.
- 40000A / m or more corresponds to 99%.
- the value of the magnetic flux density is obtained from the strength of the magnetic field based on the BH curve measured in advance.
- a value in a space near the target position of the subject may be measured and used.
- the AC leakage flux method, eddy current flaw detection method, and magnetic particle flaw detection method may be used if a signal caused by force distortion measured using a DC leakage magnetic flux is detected.
- a coil, a magnetoresistive element, a SQUID, or the like may be used as long as it senses ferromagnetism using a Hall element as a magnetic sensor.
- a single magnetic sensor or a plurality of magnetic sensors may be used. When multiple magnetic sensors are used, it is possible to test a large area at the same time by using them in parallel with the non-sample running direction and in parallel with the non-sample.
- the lift-off is 1 mm. This is due to the following findings. Among the roll-type micro uneven surface defects, there is a particularly small defect with a very small leakage flux signal level. In order to detect these defects, in addition to the devices described above, the lift-off, which is the distance between the sensor and the non-analyte, is optimized. There is a need to.
- defects that cause problems in blasting inspection in steel lines are as many as the roughness (several ⁇ ) as described above, with a roughness radius R of 1 O mm or more. It is a defect. These are ⁇ 4 ⁇ ! ⁇ 30 Yuzuru about, is often defective in 1 O mm 2 ⁇ l 0 0 0 mm 2 approximately in size in the area.
- the lift-off the higher the sensitivity and the more advantageous.
- these irregularities are as small as several jum, but in order to detect a defect with a large area, if the lift-off is too small, only the signal from a very small part of the defect is detected. Therefore, there is a problem that efficiency is deteriorated, such as the necessity of arranging a plurality of sensors for defect detection.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a first example of the relationship between lift-off and S ZN.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a relation example 2 between 'lift-off and S ZN'.
- FIG. 9 is a graph in which the relationship between lift-off and S / N is examined.
- the present invention mainly has a relatively small number of irregularities to be detected and a large area.
- Sample a length 15 thigh Width 4 mm and sample b: Length 10 Thigh width 4 mm was measured by changing the lift-off.
- the unevenness is relatively large with several 10 111 and the area is small.
- Sample c Length lmm width 2 Thigh
- sample d Measured with length lmm and width 2mm.
- a Hall element having a magnetosensitive area of about ⁇ 0.2 mm or less is used as the sensor.
- the S / N tends to be higher when the lift-off is smaller.
- the S / N tends to be the highest when the lift-off is around 1 mm.
- the S / N 3 line shown by the one-dot chain line in the center of Fig. 9 shows the level that can be detected automatically.
- the lift-off range from 0.8 mm to 1.2 orchids is a suitable range for automatic detection. It can be seen that the S / N is particularly good at a lift-off of 1 mm, and 0.9 mm to 1. lmm is the most suitable range.
- Fig. 11 is a diagram schematically showing a mode for measuring defects having a small area (corresponding to the above defects c and d) and a large area (corresponding to the above defects a and b).
- the detection area detected by the sensor increases as the lift-off increases.
- defects that are difficult to detect are defects that have small irregularities and small areas. Since such defects are originally smaller than the sensor detection area, the area of the defect in the sensor detection area decreases as the lift-off increases (see Fig. 11 (a)). At this time, since the signals included in the detection area are averaged and detected, the defect signal is averaged with the signal from the surrounding normal part (background noise signal), and the signal intensity is Will be lower. On the other hand, since the signal from the normal part is almost the same level, the signal intensity does not decrease as much as the defect signal. In this way, in the case of a defect with a small area, the degree of decrease in the defect signal is stronger than the degree of noise reduction due to the subject, so the S / N decreases as the lift-off increases. it is conceivable that. Therefore, for defects with a small area that were to be detected in the past, the lift-off was small, which was more advantageous for detection.
- the amount of unevenness to be measured this time is a small but large area defect (equivalent to ⁇ 5 mm or more). Even when this defect is detected, if the lift-off increases, the defect signal and the noise signal due to the subject both decrease. The size of the defect is large. Until the defect is in a large state (see Fig. 11 (b)), the area occupied by the defect in the detection area of the sensor does not change and is not averaged with the signal from the normal part. There is almost no drop in the defect signal.
- the random noise component of the noise signal is expected to decrease due to the effect of addition averaging until the lift-off is increased to some extent. Therefore, the S / N substantially increases until a certain lift-off due to the relationship between the defect size and the average of random noise. Furthermore, if the lift-off is increased, the S / N ratio is expected to decrease because the decrease in the defect signal increases as in the case of small defects. '
- the noise caused by the subject is reduced until the defect becomes larger than the range of the subject that can affect the sensor.
- the S / N increases because there is almost no decrease in the defect signal, and it is considered that the optimum range has been reached.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram showing the form of the defect sample used for the evaluation object of the present invention.
- Fig. 1 2
- FIG. 12 (a) is a diagram showing the size (unevenness change) and frequency (number of samples) of defects in the steel plate thickness direction that cannot be easily seen.
- Figure 12 (b) shows the area and frequency on the steel plate surface. It is a figure showing (number of samples).
- the HQ convexity of the defect (the amount of change in shape in the thickness direction of the steel sheet) is 0.5 ⁇ m or more and 6 ⁇ m or less, and the area on the steel sheet surface is 10 mm 2.
- FIG. 13 is a graph showing the S / N relationship of the leakage flux signal with respect to the size of the defect in FIG. 12 (a) in the thickness direction for these samples.
- the S ZN of the leakage flux signal is 2 or more for all of these defects, and it can be seen that the present invention can be sufficiently detected.
- the defect with the size in the concavo-convex direction (irregularity change amount) of 0.5 jum is plotted with four samples because S ZN is about 3 samples.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram showing the relationship between the size of the defect in the thickness direction and the thickness of the steel plate to be measured.
- Fig. 1 2 and 1 3 The target data of this study is indicated by a circle, and the target of conventional magnetic flux flaw detection measured with a steel plate magnetic flux flaw detector installed in the line after the cold rolling process Is indicated by an X.
- the steel plate for cans only the case where “the steel plate for cans” is indicated and the target plate thickness is not specified is referred to as the steel plate for cans.
- the thickness is 0.2mm, which is often used.
- s / t which is obtained by dividing the thickness direction size s (unit: ⁇ m) of the defect to be measured by the plate thickness t (nun) to be measured. While the force is a large value of about 40 to 250, it can be seen that the s / t of the object of the present invention indicated by a circle is a very small value.
- Figure 15 shows an enlarged view of the vertical axis in Fig. 14 in the range of 0 to ⁇ and the horizontal axis in the range of 0 to 1.5 0.
- the present invention is intended for micro uneven surface defects with a thickness of 0.5 ID or more and 6 m or less at a thickness of 0.4 mm or more and 2.3 mm or less.
- Steel Dimension in thickness direction s (variation in unevenness, unit ⁇ ) divided by thickness t (mm) to be measured s / t force
- the object of inspection of the present invention is a micro uneven surface that is 9.0 or less and 0.63 or more when expressed by the relationship sZt between the steel sheet thickness t (mm) and the size of the defect in the thickness direction s in). It can be guided as a defect.
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KR1020097024860A KR101255412B1 (ko) | 2007-08-23 | 2008-08-20 | 자성금속의 요철표면결함의 검출방법 |
KR1020127033820A KR101268783B1 (ko) | 2007-08-23 | 2008-08-20 | 자성금속의 요철표면결함의 검출방법 및 장치 |
US12/667,437 US8466673B2 (en) | 2007-08-23 | 2008-08-20 | Method and apparatus for detecting concavo-convex shape surface defects |
EP08792747.1A EP2146202B1 (en) | 2007-08-23 | 2008-08-20 | Method for detecting uneven surface defect |
CN200880023123.XA CN101688851B (zh) | 2007-08-23 | 2008-08-20 | 凹凸表面缺陷的检测方法及装置 |
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JP2007217180A JP5186837B2 (ja) | 2007-08-23 | 2007-08-23 | 微小凹凸表面欠陥の検出方法及び装置 |
JP2007-217180 | 2007-08-23 |
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EP (1) | EP2146202B1 (ja) |
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CN (1) | CN101688851B (ja) |
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JP5003351B2 (ja) * | 2007-08-23 | 2012-08-15 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | 磁性金属帯の微小表面欠陥の品質検査方法及び装置 |
TWI439947B (zh) * | 2010-11-11 | 2014-06-01 | Ind Tech Res Inst | 辨識人體移動行為之方法及系統 |
US10175200B2 (en) * | 2014-05-30 | 2019-01-08 | Prime Photonics, Lc | Methods and systems for detecting nonuniformities in a material, component, or structure |
JP6179482B2 (ja) * | 2014-08-08 | 2017-08-16 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | 微小凹凸表面欠陥の検出方法及び検出装置 |
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CN104266619B (zh) * | 2014-09-12 | 2017-05-17 | 首钢总公司 | 一种测定热镀锌钢板表面锌渣位置及密度分布的方法 |
CN104458894B (zh) * | 2014-12-08 | 2017-06-06 | 国家电网公司 | 高速水轮发电机转子磁极磁轭t尾槽的检测方法及其装置 |
JP6441094B2 (ja) * | 2015-01-27 | 2018-12-19 | 国立大学法人東京農工大学 | 電磁鋼板の物性評価装置、その評価方法、並びに電磁鋼板の製造システム及び電磁鋼板の製造方法 |
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EP2146202A1 (en) | 2010-01-20 |
JP2009052903A (ja) | 2009-03-12 |
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US20110000338A1 (en) | 2011-01-06 |
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KR101255412B1 (ko) | 2013-04-17 |
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