WO2008101551A1 - Composant, dispositif pour contrôler l'usure d'un composant et procédé de maintenance d'un composant - Google Patents

Composant, dispositif pour contrôler l'usure d'un composant et procédé de maintenance d'un composant Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008101551A1
WO2008101551A1 PCT/EP2007/056071 EP2007056071W WO2008101551A1 WO 2008101551 A1 WO2008101551 A1 WO 2008101551A1 EP 2007056071 W EP2007056071 W EP 2007056071W WO 2008101551 A1 WO2008101551 A1 WO 2008101551A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
component
wear
layer
roller
surface layer
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2007/056071
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Thomas SÖNTGEN
Sigrid Thanner
Robert Wagner
Stefan Lechner
Original Assignee
Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority to DE112007003350T priority Critical patent/DE112007003350A5/de
Publication of WO2008101551A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008101551A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B27/00—Rolls, roll alloys or roll fabrication; Lubricating, cooling or heating rolls while in use
    • B21B27/02—Shape or construction of rolls
    • B21B27/03—Sleeved rolls
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C30/00—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D15/00—Electrolytic or electrophoretic production of coatings containing embedded materials, e.g. particles, whiskers, wires
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
    • G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
    • G01N21/95—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination characterised by the material or shape of the object to be examined
    • G01N21/952—Inspecting the exterior surface of cylindrical bodies or wires
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B27/00—Rolls, roll alloys or roll fabrication; Lubricating, cooling or heating rolls while in use
    • B21B27/02—Shape or construction of rolls
    • B21B27/03—Sleeved rolls
    • B21B27/032—Rolls for sheets or strips
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B27/00—Rolls, roll alloys or roll fabrication; Lubricating, cooling or heating rolls while in use
    • B21B27/02—Shape or construction of rolls
    • B21B27/03—Sleeved rolls
    • B21B27/035—Rolls for bars, rods, rounds, tubes, wire or the like
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
    • G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands

Definitions

  • Component device for checking the wear of a component and method for repairing a component
  • the invention relates to a component with a base body to which a provided to the wear surface layer is vapor ⁇ introduced.
  • the invention also relates to a device for controlling the wear of a surface layer of a component.
  • the invention relates to a method for repairing a operated under certain operating conditions component.
  • the term component is understood to mean a component which is part of a technical device.
  • components are at least partly a wear especially Ver ⁇ wear by abrasion exposed.
  • These components can Be ⁇ be part of industrial plants, especially steel and / or rolling mills, means of locomotion, such as a rail wheel, motors, gearboxes and devices of any kind.
  • locomotion such as a rail wheel, motors, gearboxes and devices of any kind.
  • the wear component is moved relative to another object, which interact with each other and thereby wear of the component is effected.
  • the occurring for the component wear is usually authoritative for the service life of a component. Is a Bau ⁇ part worn, so it is usually necessary to replace this in order to ensure the functionality and safety of the unit associated with the unit. This can be done, for example, by a service provider.
  • Such wear occurs particularly in the case of components for industrial plants, which produce products under extreme process conditions, such as temperature or pressure. This is particularly the case in steelworks and rolling mills, which, for example, process metalware at high temperatures and high forces.
  • the components in contact with the metal goods therefore often have only a short service life before they need to be replaced.
  • the invention has the object of providing a Verschl sandwichzu ⁇ stood to easily determine a component and comparable schl intersect mone, a construction ⁇ to reduce some unforeseen downtime.
  • the object underlying the invention is achieved in a generic component in that the surface layer has at least two superposed sub-layers with different optical layer properties.
  • the main body of the component is usually adapted to the function of the component to be exercised.
  • the Oberflä ⁇ chen für is applied to the body at least in sections.
  • the properties of the surface layer are preferably adapted to the function of the component.
  • the surface layer provided for wear for example, for a brake disc, be softer than the main body of the brake disc.
  • the surface layer can also be configured such that as little wear as possible, for example, by having a high hardness, and therefore little abrasion.
  • the applied partial layers can also have different hardnesses.
  • the surface layer is applied only at those locations on the component to which wear is expected.
  • the fact that the surface layer is intended for wear, is to be understood in the context of this application such that it is known that ⁇ ilias a portion wise wear of the surface of the component occurs in the scheduled operation of the component we. This is usually known to those skilled in the function of the component expert.
  • the partial layers with different optical properties directly adjoin one another. The optical properties of the partial layers can be specified in the production of the surface layer.
  • the optical properties of the sub-layers are determined by their respective dielectric function.
  • the optical property of a sub-layer can be adjusted by the layer parameters of the respective sub-layer.
  • Schichtparame ⁇ ter include, for example, the material used for the partial layer, the layer thickness and other possibly adjustable, the optical film property influencing sizes. May have the same properties stratify the part ⁇ be up to the different optical layer property.
  • An optical property of a sub-layer is preferably detectable by measurement.
  • the reflection coefficient of the sub-layer, the optical spectrum of the sub-layer, in particular an absorption line of the optical spectrum reflected by the sub-layer can be used.
  • scattering properties of the partial layer can serve as an optical property.
  • the detectable optical property of a sub-layer within this sub-layer is constant regardless of time and / or layer thickness.
  • the course of the optical property of a sub-layer as a function of layer thickness and / or time is to be determined for reference purposes. If the course of the optical layer property of a partial layer is known as a function of the layer thickness and, if appropriate, time, this allows an increased resolution of the wear caused by operation.
  • To measure the optical property of the sub-layer it is possible to use any measuring methods known to the person skilled in the art which make it possible to detect different optical properties of the partial layering. These include, for example, also the electronic structure of a sub-layer-capturing measuring methods, which correlates directly with the optical properties. For example, scattered light measurements or ellipsometric measurements can be provided.
  • the abrasion of the component layers and the associated change of optical properties at the surface of the component it can be determined to what extent the construction ⁇ part is worn at a certain time at a certain point. It can be uniquely determined due to the different optical properties, which are part ⁇ layer located on the surface of the component and can be taken based on this information, a decision as to whether the component is to be operated.
  • a plurality of sub-layers to the component to apply at least be ⁇ neighboring sub-layers having different optical properties sheep ⁇ th.
  • the service life of the component can be increased, on the other hand one obtains a high depth resolution for the wear of the surface layer.
  • the disadvantage here is an increased manufacturing effort for the component.
  • a surface layer of a multiplicity of partial layers can be used, for example, once in new developments of components, for example, in order to obtain information about the wearing points of the component.
  • the optical layer property is the color.
  • measurement technology is not necessarily required for the partial layers to be able to identify. Rather, a person can decide by visual inspection whether a component has already reached a critical state of wear, or can be operated even further.
  • the color can be adjusted, for example, by embedded in the sub-layer color particles. If a coated component has an upper surface layer according to the invention, partial layers differing in color from one another, then it can be determined whether the upper of the metal layers is at least partially worn.
  • the color on the surface is a measure of whether or when a change or a new coating of the component is required.
  • the colors for contiguous sub-layers are chosen such that they are different, such as yellow and blue, red and blue, or red and green, preferably complementary colors.
  • colors used in other technical fields such as green, yellow and red - from the field of traffic engineering - can be used to signal in which state the component is located.
  • At least one of the partial layers is formed as a ductile metallic matrix with embedded hard material particles.
  • the abrasion of the surface layer can significantly be ver ⁇ Ringert.
  • the layer property of the sublayer can be adjusted according to the functional requirements.
  • the abrasion resistance can be increased by means of a metallic matrix with embedded hard material particles, whereby at the same time a constant coefficient of friction is ensured over the layer thickness of such a partial layer which decreases due to wear.
  • a ductile metallic matrix is understood to mean a comparatively soft metallic base material which has a Vickers hardness of has a maximum of about 180-230 HV 0I .
  • the hardness determination according to Vickers can be found in the standard DIN EN ISO 6507.
  • Hard material particles can depend, in particular, on the wel ⁇ ches area of application, the component is provided. In particular, different hard material particles can be used within ei ⁇ ner sub-layer. Likewise, the properties of the metallic matrix can be adjusted by alloy components, eg cobalt, iron in variable proportions.
  • the component as a WAI ze and / or roller, in particular as a work roll or directional ⁇ roller or backing roller or guide roller for an industry ⁇ installation, in particular for a steel mill or roll mill, is formed.
  • a WAI ze and / or roller in particular as a work roll or directional ⁇ roller or backing roller or guide roller for an industry ⁇ installation, in particular for a steel mill or roll mill, is formed.
  • the surface subject to wear ie the lateral surface of the roller and / or roller, is provided with the surface layer according to the invention.
  • a quality Feature of a product can be, for example, the flatness, if it is a metal band.
  • the component is designed as a mold plate for a metal casting ⁇ .
  • Molds are used, for example, in continuous casters or billet casters.
  • liquid metal is introduced, cooled and withdrawn as strand or billet strand from the mold.
  • the mold comprises mold plates, which due to contact with liquid Me ⁇ tall on the one hand a high thermal stress whatsoever- are set.
  • a mold plate is exposed to a high mechanical stress, since the partially solidified in the mold strand rubs along the mold plate until it has left the mold. Therefore, it is expedient kill plate, at a co-wear condition on the Ar ⁇ beits Structure, ie to control the facing toward the cast metal surface of the Kokillenplatt.
  • the surface layer Be ⁇ operating time of the mold plate can be increased, if necessary, on the one hand, on the other hand the wear state can be easily checked if there is no molten metal in the mold is.
  • the component is designed as a bearing, in particular as a ball bearing.
  • a bearing advantageously at least the running surfaces of the bearing are provided with a surface layer according to the invention. In this way, it is possible to detect at an early stage when the bearing is worn out and has to be replaced in order to avoid unforeseen downtimes.
  • the component is designed as a rail wheel with wearing treads. Here, too, early wear detection is particularly advantageous as well as safety-relevant.
  • the object on which the invention is based is likewise achieved by a device for checking the wear of the surface layer of a component according to one of claims 1 to 7, having a detector for detecting a change in the optical layer property at the surface of the component.
  • a device for checking the wear of the surface layer of a component according to one of claims 1 to 7, having a detector for detecting a change in the optical layer property at the surface of the component This allows measurement technology, preferably, detected during operation of the component, whether specified, not border on over ⁇ limits of wear of the component is reached or not. Therefore it is not necessary to detect the optical layer ⁇ properties themselves, but only requires that a change of optical layer own sheep ⁇ th can be detected.
  • the detection allows the change of the layer property to detect the wear-related transition from one sub-layer to the next sub-layer on the surface of the component.
  • the detector is formed to such that it can detect the un ⁇ ter Kunststofflichen optical properties of the component layers distinguishable from each other.
  • measurement methods based on electromagnetic radiation are used for detecting the optical properties of the partial layer lying on the surface of the component.
  • a camera device or the component irradiating laser can be used.
  • Wavelength and / or intensity of the elec tromagnetic radiation ⁇ are for this purpose preferably adapted to the optical property to be detected.
  • the detector detects the optical layer property.
  • the optical layer property not only the change of an optical layer property is detected, but also the optical layer property of the sub-layer lying on the surface itself. This allows ei ⁇ ne continuous monitoring of the optical property of the component surface. This is of particular importance ⁇ tung, when the surface layer layers by more than two partial formed.
  • the optical layer property is the color.
  • the color of a sub-layer can be easily detected and detected by means of a detector, for example a camera device. This makes it particularly easy to provide wear control for the component by measurement. This can be done by the Detek- a color change and a color on the surface of the component are detected.
  • the detector detects the change of the optical layer property locally and / or temporally resolved.
  • a local resolution of the abrasion of the surface layer on the construction ⁇ part it is possible to identify particularly high or low wear points of the component quickly. It can thus also a mean wear condition for the entire component can be determined. These can be communicated to the supplier of the component, for example, so that the latter can possibly adapt the shape of the main body of the component with regard to a reduction of the occurring wear.
  • An additionally conceivable temporal resolution of the wear ⁇ ßes allows, for example, an average wear coefficient - abrasion / time - to capture for a particular position of the component and to set this knowledge, for example, in connection with operating parameters. Determining a dependence of the wear coefficients of operating parameters makes it possible to select operational parameters such that the Be ⁇ operating time of a wear the component is increased without its performance is diminished as part of its functionality.
  • the change of optical property layer is contactless sensing ⁇ bar.
  • This wear can be controlled to ⁇ particular during operation, on easy way particularly advantageous. This can be done, in particular, by means of measurements of the optical layer property of a partial layer based on electromagnetic radiation. Any desired spectral ranges can be used for this, as long as these allow a measurement of the different optical layer properties of the partial layers.
  • a measurement takes place in a spectral range that is visible to the human eye, so that a measurement can simply be made by Inspection of the component by staff is controllable.
  • the device comprises an evaluation device for determining a state of wear of the component from the detected optical layer property on the surface of the component.
  • the evaluation device can be arranged close to the component to be controlled. Alternatively, this is arranged in a monitoring center, for example a control room.
  • Evaluation determines from the detected optical properties or changes of optical properties due to wear caused by abrasion of the surface layer and makes them available for further use.
  • the evaluation berfest für to the parameters of the applied to the component O and if necessary to fall back on Bauteilpa ⁇ parameters.
  • Such a determination of the state of wear is particularly advantageous if a surface layer consisting of many partial layers with different optical layer properties is applied to the component.
  • the accuracy of the determination of the wear on the component or for individual parts of the construction ⁇ partly depending on the layer thicknesses of the partial layers. The smaller the layer thicknesses of the applied partial layers with different optical properties are selected, the more accurately the abrasion that has occurred due to wear can be determined.
  • the state of wear of the component is understood to mean the removal of the surface layer or of the basic body in the regulation per unit area. This can be determined or determined locally and / or temporally resolved via the component. This can be represented by means of a true color or false color representation assigned to the wear state of the component as a wear profile. In particular, a roughness of the upper ⁇ surface of the component can be determined or wear occurring by the currency ⁇ rend operation caused Tie ⁇ fenprofil the surface of the component.
  • the apparatus includes means for dispensing a Sig ⁇ Nals when a predeterminable limit wear condition of the component. If a predeterminable limit wear condition occurs, then the means for dispensing a
  • the limit wear condition may, for example, be defined as the abrasion value threshold. It is also conceivable that an optical threshold layer property or a signal associated with an optical threshold layer property is used as a measure for the state of limit wear. If a certain optical layer property is detected and this coincides with the predefinable optical threshold layer property, then a signal is emitted by the signaling device. This signal can be reproduced, for example, in a control room of an industrial plant or communicated to the control personnel in the usual way. This gives the control personnel a message as to what condition a particular component is currently in.
  • the limit wear condition is defined by a predeterminable Operaflä ⁇ surface surface layer, within which a Wech ⁇ sel of the optical layer property is done.
  • the sub-area may be dependent on the application of the component specified differently. In particular, this may be point-like, linear or flat.
  • the limit wear condition is, for example, achieved when a particular optical Schichtei ⁇ genschaft is detected in the specified sub-area.
  • a plurality of threshold optical layer properties may be provided, wherein the achievement of the respective optical threshold layer characteristics for a component initiates an action associated with repair of the component. In particular, when a certain optical threshold layer properties are reached, a signal indicates that a replacement of the affected component is to be carried out shortly.
  • the device comprises a monitoring center, to which the signal can be supplied.
  • the monitoring station may be remotely ⁇ from the operating site of the component, and, for example, a deliveries Ranten component or a service provider to service the component to be assigned.
  • the incoming signal to the monitoring center may inform the service provider or service provider that a particular component operated by a particular operator is about to be replaced.
  • the monitoring center can dustriestrom also be a control room of a home, which is informed of the condition of their wear out ⁇ sequent components.
  • the procedural part of the object is achieved by a method for repairing a component according to one of claims 1 to 8, wherein a given by operating conditions and the shape of the body wear ⁇ condition of the component is determined from at least one detected optical layer property, wherein unwritten res ⁇ the surface layer are at least partially removed from the body, wherein the shape of the body is processed so that under the given Radiobe ⁇ the wear of the component is more uniform.
  • the wear during a processing of the component subsequent use is reduced by the changed shape of the component. So it is a basic body operated once or several times under the given operating conditions and observed its wear. This results in an improved adaptation of the shape of the body to the given operating conditions.
  • the operating conditions are characterized by mechanical, thermal and other characteristics ⁇ sizes in the operating state designating environmental conditions which act on the component during its operation.
  • the main body can be further processed learn editing measures that adapt the wear behavior to the function of the component.
  • the component in particular a roller, can also be put into operation without further application of a coating to the processed base body.
  • a surface layer in particular ⁇ special with at least two superimposed partial layers with different optical layer properties applied to the processed base body.
  • a surface layer can be applied, which promotes the scheduled operation of the component, for example, in which the wear per unit time is reduced.
  • known layers such as, for example, chrome coatings
  • a surface layer having at least two ⁇ superposed sub-layers with different optical properties see layer applied.
  • the procedural part of the object is also achieved by a method for repairing a component according to one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a conditional condition given by operating conditions and the shape of the body wear state of the component is determined from at least one detected optical layer property, wherein unopened residues of the surface layer at least from ⁇ be cut partly removed from the basic body, wherein the base body has a surface layer, in particular with Minim ⁇ least two superimposed partial layers applied with different optical layer properties, said parameters of the surface layer, in particular
  • Layer thickness distribution of partial layers and / or density distribution of hard material particles are adjusted so that under the given operating conditions of the wear the surface layer is made more uniform.
  • This can be provided in particular ⁇ sondere for components whose shape is not suitable for another form processing measures, for example. Engine components.
  • this method can be done in combination with a method that provides for the machining of a body.
  • the wear resistance of the surface layer can be locally adjusted.
  • the hardness of a partial surface of the surface layer can be selectively adjusted, for example, increased or decreased.
  • the wear on the ge ⁇ entire component of the wear is more uniform, although the construction ⁇ part is locally exposed to different stresses. Examples of these are the changes in the density distribution of hard material particles, eg local increase in the concentration of the hard material particles in areas with high mechanical or thermal stress.
  • the problem can be solved.
  • the component can thus be improved adapted to the stresses occurring during its operation under given operating conditions, which increases the operating life of the component and reduces downtime.
  • 1 shows a roller coated with several colored metal layers
  • 2 shows a device for checking the wear of a work roll of a roll stand of a rolling train
  • FIG. 3 shows a device for checking wear for guide rollers of a casting plant
  • 5 shows a flowchart for the sequence of a method for
  • FIG. 6 shows a cross section of a multi-layer coated rail wheel.
  • FIG. 1 shows a sectional view through a roller 1, on which a plurality of sub-layers 8, 9, 10 are deposited, each with different ⁇ colors.
  • the sub-layers 8, 9, 10 form the surface layer 25.
  • the surface layer 25 is positioned ⁇ ⁇ introduced onto the outer surface 2 of the roll 1 which defines the main body 24 of the roller. 1
  • the different colors of the partial layers 8, 9, 10 are represented by different hatchings in FIG.
  • the first partial layer 8 was applied with a first color on the outer surface 2 of the roll 1, for example by Elect ⁇ rolyse. Furthermore was ei ⁇ ne second partial layer 9, for example likewise by means lektrolyse E-, with a second, different from the first
  • a third sub-layer 10 with a third of the first and the second different color applied.
  • the sub-layers 8, 9, 10 are also formed as a nickel matrix with embedded aluminum titanate.
  • the first color of the first sub-layer 8 is red
  • the second color of the second sub-layer 9 yellow
  • the drit ⁇ te color of the third layer 10 and thus the newly coated roller triebsaufnähme the surface 2 'forming metal layer during loading, green.
  • the operation of the roller 1 now leads to signs of wear on the surface 2 'of the roller 1, which, however, can be significantly reduced by the wear-reducing partial layers 8, 9, 10. Due to the damage caused in the operation of removal of the partial layers 8, 9, 10 there is thus a point-like, line-like or sheet-like color change of the surface 2 'of the roll 1. This color change on the surface 2' is allowed to determ ⁇ men, where and in which Dimensional wear on the roll surface occurs.
  • the first partial layer 8 of the roller 1, in the exemplary embodiment the red partial layer, can be provided as an emergency buffer, provided that repair does not take place in good time - during the wear of the second partial layer 9.
  • FIG 2 shows a device 11 for wear control a work roll for rolling a 1 Metallguts 21.
  • the working ⁇ rolls 1 are supported by supporting rollers 1 ''.
  • At least the upper work roll 1 of the two work rolls 1 has foundeds- least two not shown in FIG partial layers 2, wel ⁇ che differ in their color.
  • the externa ⁇ ßerste sublayer forming the surface of the work roll 1. Due to the rolling of metal stock 21 by the work rolls 1, it comes to wear on the surface of the work roll 1.
  • a detector 12 is provided, which is arranged in such a way that he can detect the color of Oberflä ⁇ che of the work roll 1.
  • the detector 12 outputs a signal associated with the detected color which is fed to a recognition device 13.
  • the detection device 13 detects both the color of the surface of the work roll 1, and whether a color change has taken place at least in a portion of the surface of the work roll 1.
  • the recognition device 13 and the detector 12 can be structurally combined.
  • the detected color is detected spatially and temporally resolved and supplied to a storage device, so that the course of the occurring during operation wear of the roller 1 can be traced by the staff.
  • the operating parameters of the roller are also stored in the memory device, so that an assignment can be made, as the occurring wear is related to the operating parameters of the component ⁇ .
  • the evaluation device 15 ' is determined from the recognized colors a wear condition or wear profile for the wear surface of the roller and given ⁇ if also pictured in the control room 15.
  • the state of wear preferably dissolves locally on the roller the abrasion on the surface or the residual layer thickness of the surface layer resulting from the wear.
  • the layer parameters of the partial layers are stored in the evaluation device 15 '.
  • the signal generated by the signaling device 14 is transmitted to a service station 16.
  • Service station 16 is usually assigned to a company for the repair of rolls 1 and / or rolls 1 'coated in this way (see FIG. 3). Furthermore, the service center 16 receives a large number of such information from different industrial installations.
  • Detecting the color or a color change of Oberflä ⁇ surface 2 'of a work roll 1 can be done not only for the rolling stand shown in Figure 2, but also for a variety of other rolls and rolling stands or rollers, for example, ⁇ also for back-up rolls 1'' .
  • Such a device 11 for checking the wear of rollers and rollers makes it possible that both the repairer or service provider and the operator of the industrial plant are always up-to-date with regard to the state of wear of the working means.
  • FIG. 3 shows a section of a casting installation in which a metal product 21 designed as a strand is guided through a plurality of guide rollers 1 '. At least part of Füh ⁇ approximately roll 1 'are coated with at least two partial layers with different optical properties. As a result, on the one hand, the wear on the surface of the rollers 1 ' reduced, on the other hand, a state of wear of the rollers 1 'can be determined.
  • FIG 3 shows a plurality of detectors 12 which are associated with the upper, usually driven rollers 1 '.
  • These detectors 12 each detect a reflection signal of the surface of the roller 1 'to which they are associated.
  • a signal associated with the reflection signal of the rollers 1 ' is fed to a recognition device 13.
  • the recognize drying apparatus 13 detects the detected rollers 1 ', in which wear of their surfaces are located, where it is similar in the ⁇ associated with the reflection signal detected signal with a sub-layer associated reference signal ver ⁇ .
  • the detection of the respective optical film property may, for example, by reference signals, which are stored in the He ⁇ recognition device 13 can be achieved.
  • the detected signals assigned to the respective surface of the rollers 1 ' are supplied to a signaling device 14, which outputs a signal for outputting the recognized optical property or a change of the optical property on an output unit.
  • the output unit is preferential ⁇ as part of the central control room 15 of the industrial plants ge. If a change of optical characteristic at the upper ⁇ surface of a roll 1 ', so also not only the con ⁇ control room 15 is notified of the signaling device, but it also sends a signal to a remote Ser ⁇ vice central 16, so this is informed about a possibly soon required repair measure.
  • FIG. 4 shows schematically a method for repairing a roll by means of a flow chart. The flow chart shown is based on the initial situation, that the roller is so worn by the operation in a rolling stand that these can no longer continue editing trie ⁇ ben without affecting the quality of the product to negative. The body of the roller is not attacked or damaged by wear.
  • the roll has exhibited at Commissioning several sub-layers, each with ⁇ wells different colors.
  • the sub-layers were each formed as a ductile metallic matrix with embedded hard material ⁇ particles.
  • a first method step 110 the Ver ⁇ schl employPark the roll surface of optical Schichtei ⁇ properties on the surface is now determined. This is done cavities ⁇ Lich dissolved.
  • the recording of the colors on the roll surface is done here with a high-resolution local camera. From the recorded color distributions on the surface of the roller, a state of wear is now determined. This indicates spatially resolved, how high the abrasion of the surface layer during operation of the roller at a respective point of the roller. This information is subsequently ver ⁇ spent.
  • a next method step 111 the unworn residues of the surface layer are removed from the roll. Due to the resistance of the applied surface layer, this is preferably done not by the tools abrading the layer, but electrolytically. As ⁇ through a defined initial state is provided for the component. In particular, the lateral surface of the roller is exposed and cleaned.
  • the shape of the roller depending on the determined state of wear in the process Step 110, edited.
  • the base body is ground, for example in function of the determined state of wear such that the operation of the roller when a new ⁇ occurring defects tend to wear is reduced.
  • it is locally different amounts of material of the basic body of the roller ablated ⁇ gene to a more even wear on subsequent use of the roller, and thereby possibly also an increased Be ⁇ operating time to achieve.
  • any methods known to the person skilled in the art can be used, in particular grinding.
  • a new surface layer is applied to the rolls ⁇ lateral surface.
  • the new surface layer has two partial layers consisting of a nickel matrix with boron carbide particles.
  • the two sub-layers have different optical layer properties, in the embodiment un ⁇ ter Kunststofferie colors.
  • FIG. 5 shows a flow chart in which a method for repairing a roll that can be used alternatively or in combination with the method illustrated in FIG. 4 is shown schematically.
  • the illustrated method presupposed the same facts as the method illustrated in FIG.
  • a first step 110 of the roller surface Verschlitzzu ⁇ stand is determined from optical properties at the surface layer. This can be done in the same way as explained under FIG 4, done.
  • the calculated wear ⁇ state is used further below
  • a next step 111 the unen- schlissenen residues of the surface layer of the roll are removed ⁇ ent. Due to the resistance of the applied surface layer, this is preferably done not by the tools abrading the layer, but electrolytically. As ⁇ through a defined initial state is provided for the component. In particular, the lateral surface of the roller is exposed and cleaned.
  • parameters for a newly applied surface layer are determined from the determined state of wear.
  • Pa ⁇ parameters of the surface layer particularly Generalschich ⁇ th to adapt.
  • Such parameters are, for example, the layer thickness of the surface layer or of the partial layers Ver ⁇ use of certain hard material particles and matrix materials, or the local or average concentration of hard material particles in the surface layer or in the part layers.
  • the layer with the desired layer parameters is applied to the cleaned lateral surface of the roller, preferably electrolytically.
  • the roller produced in this way thus shows by the applied, adapted to the stress surface layer in the renewed operation a reduced and more uniform wear, whereby roll changes verrin ⁇ can be siege.
  • work rolls can be used longer. det, since no material must be removed from the body by means of the method shown in FIG 5, since this is not attacked by wear in the rule.
  • FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 can also be used in combination. Ie first the basic ⁇ body of the component is machined, and then applied a zusharm ⁇ Lich applied to the wear state of the surface layer on the roller. A combination of these methods is possibly advantageous if the roller is permanently deformed under the operation ⁇ stress, ie unwanted deviations from ⁇ , eg. Caused by the operation of the roll, having from an initial shape.
  • the rail wheel 30 has a running surface, which is worn during operation on rails.
  • a surface layer 25 which has two lying above the other sublayers 8 and 9 with different optical layer properties.
  • the sub-layers 8 and 9 are formed such that they have a high wear resistance.
  • the part ⁇ layers 8 and 9 for example.
  • the different optical layer properties of the partial layers 8 and 9 are achieved by introducing different color particles into the partial layers. By suitable selection of the color particles for the first and the second partial layer, colors of the
  • Sub-layers 8 and 9 are generated, which are easily distinguishable from each other. Thus, the sub-layers 8 and 9 are distinguishable from each other. If, by the interaction of Schienenrads 30 with the rail in places to complete abrasion of the outer layer portion 9, a color change occurs at the gebil ⁇ culminating in the surface layer 25 surface 2 '. The wear of the outer part ⁇ layer 9 can thus be detected quickly.
  • a device 11 for wear control can be provided, which comprises a detector 12. This is able to detect the color change occurring due to wear of the rail wheel on the surfaces 2 '.
  • the device 11 for controlling the wear Schienrads 30 is formed similarly constructed to that shown in FIG 3 Vorrich ⁇ obligations 11 for wear control.
  • the Vorrich ⁇ tung 11 for wear control may be arranged directly on a rail wheel 30 to the associated rail vehicle so that a wear control during operation of the
  • Rail wheel 30 is possible.
  • the device for example in a maintenance device used ⁇ 11 can for wear control even before.
  • the online control of Ver ⁇ schl illustrations of Schienenrads 30, ie wear control of Schienenrads 30 are in operation can be used to increase and optimal utilization of the maximum safe operating life of Schienenrads 30 allows the offline control of the wear state of a Schienenrads

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Rolls And Other Rotary Bodies (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un composant (1, 1', 1'', 30) comprenant un corps de base sur lequel est appliquée une couche superficielle (25) d'usure. L'objectif de l'invention est de pouvoir déterminer facilement un niveau d'usure d'un composant et de réduire les temps d'immobilisation d'un composant, dus à l'usure et non programmés. À cet effet, la couche superficielle (25) présente au moins deux couches partielles (8, 9, 10) superposées possédant des propriétés optiques différentes. L'objectif de l'invention peut être atteint également grâce à un dispositif (11) servant à contrôler l'usure de la couche superficielle (25) d'un composant (1, 1', 1'', 30) et au moyen d'un procédé de maintenance d'un composant (1, 1', 1'', 30).
PCT/EP2007/056071 2007-02-20 2007-06-19 Composant, dispositif pour contrôler l'usure d'un composant et procédé de maintenance d'un composant WO2008101551A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE112007003350T DE112007003350A5 (de) 2007-02-20 2007-06-19 Bauteil, Vorrichtung zur Verschleißkontrolle für ein Bauteil und Verfahren zur Instandsetzung eines Bauteils

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DE102007008715 2007-02-20
DE102007008715.4 2007-02-20

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PCT/EP2007/056057 WO2008101550A1 (fr) 2007-02-20 2007-06-19 Cylindre et/ou rouleau et procédé de production d'un cylindre et/ou d'un rouleau

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US (1) US20100292061A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2125254A1 (fr)
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WO2023186347A1 (fr) * 2022-03-28 2023-10-05 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Disque de frein pour un frein à friction d'un véhicule à moteur et procédé de fabrication d'un disque de frein

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CN111807320B (zh) * 2019-04-10 2024-07-09 青岛九环新越新能源科技股份有限公司 用于轧制纳米尺度孔结构材料的轧辊及轧辊组和轧制生产线
CN113874637B (zh) * 2019-04-29 2023-05-09 贝恩多夫创新与技术有限公司 用于制造具有带体的连续带的方法
US20220281195A1 (en) * 2019-08-01 2022-09-08 Berndorf Innovations Und Technologie Gmbh Method for producing a continuous belt
CN110938850A (zh) * 2019-12-16 2020-03-31 南京信息职业技术学院 一种复合电镀镍镀液、镍基纳米复合镀层及制备方法
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WO2023186347A1 (fr) * 2022-03-28 2023-10-05 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Disque de frein pour un frein à friction d'un véhicule à moteur et procédé de fabrication d'un disque de frein

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN101636235A (zh) 2010-01-27
EP2125254A1 (fr) 2009-12-02
WO2008101550A1 (fr) 2008-08-28
DE112007003350A5 (de) 2010-02-25
CN101636235B (zh) 2011-09-07
DE112007003349A5 (de) 2010-04-15
US20100292061A1 (en) 2010-11-18

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